Kaplan reading(P189-196)

Typical lemurs are primates with bodies similar to those monkeys but pointed muzzles and large eyes; most have with pointed tails. Their fur is woolly and may be colored red, gray, brown or black. The name of the lemur stems from the Latin lemures, the Roman name for vampire-like ghosts of the dead which these large-eyed creatures were thought to resemble. Found only off the east coast Africa on the island of Madagascar and neighboring islands, lemurs spend some time on the ground but most often are in the trees, building nests high in the branches. Besides leaves, lemurs eat eggs, fruit, insects, and small animals. They are active throughout the day and night and are reputed to be gentle, friendly creatures. Besides typical lemurs, the lemur family includes avahi, aye-aye, loris and galogo. However, contrary to popular belief, the so-called flying lemur is not even a primate, much less a true lemur; it is , in fact, a member of an altogether different order of mammals known as Dermoptera.1. The style of the passage is most like that found in aA. biology textbookB. novel about MadagascarC. zoologist’s diaryD. tourist’s guidebookE. personal letter2. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Lemur: Friend or FoeB. Madagascar’s Loneliest HuntersC. Facts About LemursD. African VampiresE. The Diet of the Lemur3. According to the passage, all of the following are true about lemurs EXCEPTA. they spend much of their time in treesB. most have long, bushy tails.C. the flying lemur is not a true lemurD. they eat only fruits and leavesE. the body of the lemur resembles the body of the monkey4. The passage suggests thatA. the typical lemur is a member of an order of mammals known as DermopteraB. flying lemurs are only active during the nightC. the lemur is not an aggressive animalD. lemurs spend most oft their time on the groundE. flying lemurs can only be found on Madagascar and neighboring islandsEleanor Roosevelt was the niece of the 26th president of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt, and the wife of the 33rd president, Franklin D. Roosevelt. It would be doing her a great injustice, however, to describe her only in terms of her relationship to men in powerful and important positions. She was, in her own right, an important figure in twentieth-century American history who strongly supported a variety of social causes and simply used her political position to further these causes.A dedicated worker fro humanitarian causes before her marriage, and prior to her husband’s election to the presidency, she simply expanded her role when she became the First Lady. She took a more powerful voice on behalf of a broad range of social issues, which included employment of youths and civil rights for women and blacks. She conducted press conferences, had her own radio program, and wrote a nationally syndicated column in a daily newspaper. After her husband died, she served as the United States delegate to the United Nations and played a role in the drafting of the UN Declaration of Human Rights. In short, she clearly proved to be an important and influential figure, above and beyond her political connections.5. All of the following are true about Eleanor Roosevelt EXCEPTA. she was the First Lady of the United StatesB. she served as the United Sates delegate to the United NationsC. she was a dedicated supporter of many social causesD. she began to work for humanitarian causes only after her marriageE. she had her own radio program6. When discussing Eleanor Roosevelt, the author’s tone in this passage could best be described asA. criticalB. admiringC. bitterD. sereneE. neutral7. The passage is mainly aboutA. the success of the Roosevelt familyB. Eleanor Roosevelt’s background and accomplishmentsC. the various social causes that Eleanor Roosevelt supportedD. Eleanor Roosevelt’s role in the United NationsE. important figures in twentieth-century American history8. The author of the passage describes Eleanor Roosevelt’s accomplishments in order to show thatA. she should have been elected to the presidencyB. she could have done more with her life if she had used her politicalC. her greatest achievement was marrying a man who later became presidentD. she was more successful than either her uncle or husband in gaining public supportE. she deserves recognition beyond her family and marital connectionsBefore a joint session of Congress in January 1918, President Woodrow Wilson outlined his plan for a post-World War I peace settlement. Known as the Fourteen Points, Wilson’s plan is best remembered for its first point, which declared that international diplomacy should be conducted in the open and that quiet, unpublicized diplomacy should be made illegal. Wilson believed that public diplomacy would end the threat of war by preventing immoral national leaders from secretly plotting aggressive action against others.Although Wilson was a highly intelligent and well-meaning man, he lacked insight into the complexities of international politics. Contrary to Wilson’s belief, war rarely results from the behind-the-scenes plotting of unscrupulous national leaders. Rather, war usually stems from unresolved disagreements among nations – disagreements over territory, access to resources, and so forth. Even if quiet diplomacy could be eliminated, these disagreements would still remain, as would the threat of war.9. The second paragraph of this passage is primarily aboutA. a post-World War I peace settlementB. diplomacy’s role in international politicsC. disagreements among nationsD. the actual causes of warE. the first point in Wilson’s Fourteen Points10. The attitude of the writer toward the subjects isA. calculatingB. suspiciousC. opinionatedD. cheerfulE. apologetic11. The author would most likely agree that war between country A and country B would result from which of the following situations?A. A dispute over ownership of a piece of land bordering both countriesB. An agreement by a leader in country A to tax imports from a third countryC. The capture of a spy from country A in country BD. An unpublicized agreement by country A to sell weapons to country BE. A secret alliance made between country A and another country12. Why does the author say that open diplomacy would not prevent war?A. Quiet diplomacy will always be a part of international relations.B. War breaks out because immoral rulers make decisions in secret.C. Open diplomacy is not a solution to the problems which lead to war.D. Disagreements over territory and resources rarely lead to conflict.E. International relations are too complex to be conducted in the public eye.13. Which of the following is the author most likely to discuss next?A. Wilson’s domestic policies in the post World War I periodB. The impact of import taxes on foreign trade relationsC. An example of a war that resulted from a territorial or resource disputeD. The events leading up to World War IE. Other examples of Wilson’s intelligenceLine Live thy life,Young and old,Like yon oak,Bright in spring,5 Living gold,Summer-richThen: and thenAutumn-changed,soberer-hued10 Gold again.All his leavesFall’n at length,Look, he standsTrunk and bough,15 Naked strength.“The Oak,” by Alfred, Lord Tennyson.14. In this poem, the seasons represent differentA. kinds of treesB. times of dayC. stages of lifeD. styles of dressE. periods of history15. The “he” mention in 13 refers toA. the poetB. lifeC. the oakD. autumnE. the reader 16. What does “Gold again” in line 10 signify?A. The arrival of autumnB. The richness of summerC. The increased wealth of the narratorD. The color of oak treesE. The revival of the past17. During which season is the oak referred to as “living gold”>A. SpringB. SummerC. AutumnD. WinterE. This description does not refer to aseason.18. With which of the following statements about life would the speaker be most likely to agree?A. People should live every period oftheir lives to the fullest.B. It is important to try to accomplishsomething during one’s lifetime.C. Life is too short to spend time doingunpleasant tings.D. The seasons are unpredictable.E. Trees are an integral part of theenjoyment of life.Tea is consumed by more people and in greater amounts than any other beverage in the world, with the exception of water. The tea plant, from whose leaves tea is mad, is native to India, China, and Japan and was first cultivated for use by the Chinese in prehistoric times. The plant, which is characterized as an evergreen, can fresh a height of about thirty feet but is usually pruned down to three or four feet for cultivation. It has dark green leaves and cream-colored, fragrant blossoms.Cultivation of the tea plant requires a great deal of effort. The plant must grow in a warm, wet climate, in a carefully protected, well-drained area. Its leaves must be picked by hand. (Cultivation in North America has been attempted, but was found to be impractical because of a shortage of cheap labor.) Today, the plant is cultivated in the lands to which it is native, as well as in Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Taiwan, and South America.Tea was probably first used as a vegetable relish and f or medicinal purpose. In the 1400’s Chinese and Japanese Buddhists developed a semi-religious ceremony surrounding tea-drinking. It was not until after 1700, however, that it was not first imported into Europe. Today, the United Kingdom imports more tea than does any other nation – almost one third of the world’s production. The United States is also a large importer, but Americans have seemed to prefer coffee ever since the famous Boston Tea Party in 1773.19. This passage is mainly aboutA. the tea plantB. the uses of the tea plantC. tea-drinking throughout historyD. the tea tradeE. the cultivation of the tea plant20. According to the passage, the tea plantA. was first cultivated in Japan in prehistoric timesB. requires well-drained soil to grow properlyC. is the largest import of the United KingdomD. has odorless flowersE. is native to South America21. Why is large supply of cheap labor important for the cultivation of tea?A. Since the tea plant can reach a height ofthirty feet, several workers are required toharvest each plant.B. Since tea is exported all over the world, a lotof people are needed to handle the tradecomplications that arise.C. Since tea has been around since prehistorictimes, many workers are employed toprotect it and ensure that it doesn’t die out.D. Since England and China are far away fromeach other, many workers are required tocoordinate tea shipments and deliveries.E. Since the tea plant is hand picked, many 22. The style in the passage is most like thatfound in aA. newspaper articleB. passage in an encyclopediaC. cookbookD. journal entryE. history textbook23. Which of the following is the author most likelyto discuss next?A. The details and aftermath of the Boston T eaPartyB. Other major imports of the United Kingdomand United StatesC. Current trends in tea consumptionD. Other examples of plants that have amedicinal valueE. A description of what China was like inprehistoric times24. The purpose of the second paragraph is toA. describe the role of tea in religiousceremoniesB. explain why Americans prefer coffeeC. discuss historical uses of teaD. describe the cultivation of teaE. question the importance of teaAcupuncture is a type of medical therapy that has been part of Chinese medicine since ancient times. It involves the insertion of thin, solid needles into specific sites on the body’s surface. The belief is that the application of a needle at one particular point produces a specific response at a second point. It is based on the ancient Chinese philosophy that human beings are miniature versions of the universe and that the forces that control nature also control health. These forces are divided between two main principles called the yin and the yang, which have an opposite but complementary effect on each other. For example, one force keeps the body’s temperature from rising too high and the other keeps it from dropping too low. When they are in balance, the body maintains a constant, normal state. Disease occurs when these forces get out of balance.Although acupuncture had been used in Western countries during many periods, it was not until the 1970s that it gained widespread interest, when it was determined that it could be used to control pain during surgery. The mechanism for its effectiveness is still a mystery, but it has become a very popular technique in many countries in the treatment of various diseases and medical problems.30. Which of the following is true about acupuncture?I. Although originally only a part of Chinese medicine, it is now practiced in many Western countries. II. It has been used to control pain during surgery since ancient times.III. The mechanism for its effectiveness was discovered during the 1970s.A. I onlyB. I and II onlyC. I and III onlyD. II and III onlyE. I, II and III31. This passage is primarily aboutA. various diseases that are particularly common among the ChineseB. the meaning and use of the yin and the yangC. different types of medical therapies and their relative effectivenessD. the historical and philosophical background to acupunctureE. modern use of acupuncture both in China and in Western countries32. According to the passage, acupuncture is based onA. the idea that the human body is a model of the universe and is therefore controlled by the forces ofnatureB. a firm belief in the Chinese gods known as the yin and the yangC. an ancient Chinese religious ceremony that involves the insertion of needles into the bodyD. a philosophy of health and disease that originated in China but has been totally changed byWestern countriesE. the ideas of an astronomer who was attempting to study the universe in ancient times33. According to the passage, the yin and the yang are principles that representA. high and low extremes of temperatureB. states of health and diseaseC.。