Secondary effects of variable speed drives(Danfoss)

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流行病学专业英语词汇

流行病学专业英语词汇 A 安慰剂Placebo 安慰剂效应placebo effects B 把握度study power 半试验semi-trial 保护率protective rate ，PR 报告偏倚reporting bias 暴露exposure 暴露标志exposure marker 暴露怀疑偏倚exposure suspicion bias 爆发调查outbreak survey 被动监测passive surveillance 比例研究proportional study 比值比Odds Ratio ，OR 必需病因necessary factor of cause 标点地图spot map 标化比例死亡比standardized proportional mortality ratio，SPMR 标化比值比standardized odds ratio，SOR 标化死亡比standardized mortality ratio，SMR 标准化standardization 标准化率比standardized rate ratio，SRR "冰山"现象ice-berg phenomenon 丙型肝炎hepatitis C，HC 并联试验parallel test 病毒性肝炎viral hepatitis 病例报告case report 病例-病例研究case-case study 病例调查case survey 病例对照研究case-control study 病例交叉设计case-crossover design 病例交叉研究case-crossover study 病例-系列研究case-series study 病死率fatality rate 病因causation of disease 病因的异质性etiological heterogeneity 病因分值etiologic fraction，EF 病因链chains of causation 病因网web of causation 不合格ineligibility 不依从noncompliance C 测量偏倚measurement bias 长期变异secular change，trend variation 超额死亡率excess mortality 超额危险度excess risk 巢式病例对照研究nested case-control study 成本效果分析cost -effectiveness analysis 成本效益分析cost-benefit analysis 成本效用分析cost-utility 成组匹配category matching 抽样调查sampling survey 抽样框架sampling frame 抽样误差sampling error 出生队列birth cohort 出生队列分析法birth cohort analysis 初级卫生保健primary health care ，PHC 传播概率transmission probability 传播机制mechanism of transmission 传播途径path of transmission 传播途径transmission route 传播因素transmitting factor 传染病communicable diseases 传染过程infectious process 传染性infectiousness 串联试验serial test 粗死亡率crude death rate改成crude mortality rate 较好粗一致性crude agreement 促成病因contributory factor of cause 错分偏倚misclassification bias 错误分类misclassification D 大骨节病Kashin-Beck disease 大流行pandemic 代表性representativeness 单倍型haplotype 单纯随机抽样simple random sampling 单盲single blind 单项筛检single screening 等位基因allele 等位基因频率gene frequency 地方病endemic diseases 地方病学Endemiology 地方性endemicity 地方性氟中毒endemic fluorosis 地方性砷中毒endemic arsenism 点突变point mutation 点源流行point source epidemic 碘缺乏病iodine deficiency disease 调查随访研究survey follow-up study 调整一致性adjusted agreement 丁型肝炎hepatitis D，HD 动态人群dynamic population 毒力virulence 短期波动irregular variation，rapid fluctuation 队列cohort 队列研究cohort study 对象报告偏倚report bias 多归因程序的方法Multiple imputation procedure 多国心血管病趋势和决定因素监测 Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants inardiovascular Diseases，MONICA 多级抽样multistage sampling 多群组比较研究multi-group comparison study 多态性polymorphism 多项筛检multiple screening E 恶性肿瘤流行病学cancer Epidemiology 二代侵袭率，续发率secondary attack rate，SAR 二级预防secondary prevention F 发病率incidence rate，morbidity 发病密度incidence density 发病密度incidence density 发生率研究incidence study 飞沫droplet 飞沫核droplet nuclei 非即时性non-concurrent 非均衡性错分differential misclassification 非连续性状Discrete traits 肺炎与流感死亡率pneumonia and influenza deaths，即P&I deaths 分层stratification 分层抽样stratified sampling 分层随机分组stratified randomization 分类变量categorical variable 分离分析segregation analysis 分子流行病学Molecular Epidemiology 封闭性抗体blocking antibodies 氟斑牙dental fluorosis 氟骨症skeletal fluorosis 负混杂negative confounding 复等位基因位点multiple alles 复杂性状complex trait G 概念框架conceptual framework 干预随访研究intervention follow-up study 感染储主reservoir of infection 感染来源source of infection 感染力infectivity 感染谱spectrum of infection 感染梯度gradient of infection 感染性腹泻infectious diarrhea 感染性腹泻病infectious diarrheal disease 感染症infections or infectious diseases 高危人群策略high risk strategy 个案case 个案调查case study 个案调查individual survey 个体匹配individual matching 工程干预engineering intervention 共变法method of concomitant variation 共显性codominance 构成比proportion 固定队列fixed cohort 故意伤害intentional injuries 关联的合理性plausibility of association 关联的可重复性consistency of association 关联的强度strength of association 关联的时间性temporality of association 关联的特异性specificity of association 关联的一致性coherence of association 观察偏倚observational bias 观察性研究observational study 观察一致率observation agreement 广义遗传度broad heritability 归因危险度attributable risk 归因危险度百分比attributable risk percent，ARP，或AR% 国际病毒分类委员会International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses，ICTV 国际冠心病预防工作组 The International Task Force for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease 国际疾病分类第十版International Classification of Diseases，ICD-10 国家结核病防治项目National Tuberculosis Program，NTP 国家卫生统计中心the National Center for Health Statistics，NCHS H 合作率cooperation rate 核心家系Nuclear families 横断面研究cross sectional analysis 横断面研究cross-sectional study 患病率prevalence rate 回顾性研究retrospective studies 回忆偏倚recall bias 混合型流行mixed epidemic 混合研究mixed study 混杂confounding 混杂偏倚confounding bias 混杂因素confounder，confounding factor 活跃病区active endemic area 获得性免疫缺陷综合症acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，AIDS 霍桑效应Howthorne effect J 机遇chance 基本繁殖率basic reproduction rate 基本繁殖数basic reproductive number，R0 基本人群base population or population at risk 基线信息baseline information 基因gene 基因毒性genotoxic 基因型Genotyping 基因型频率genotype frequency 及时性timeliness 疾病爆发disease outbreak 疾病标志Markers of disease 疾病的分布distribution of disease 疾病的自然史natural history of disease 疾病监测surveillance of disease 疾病链the disease chain 剂量反应关系dose-response relationship 季节性seasonal variation，seasonality 继发关联secondary association 家庭簇研究family cluster study 家庭聚集性Familial aggregation 家庭聚集性研究familial aggregation study 家庭相似性Family resemblance 家系研究pedigree study 甲型肝炎hepatitis A，HA 假阳性率false positive rate 假阴性率false negative rate 间接传播indirect transmission 间接关联indirect association 间接接触indirect contact 检出症侯偏倚detection signal bias 简单随机分组simple randomization 简明损伤定级法abbreviated injury scale，AIS 健康促进health promotion 健康工作者效应healthy worker effect 健康监测系统health information system，HIS 健康生命损失年years of life lived with disability，YLLD 教育干预educational intervention 结局outcome 结局变量outcome variable 截断点cutoff 金标准gold standard 经济干预economic intervention 经节肢动物媒介vector-borne 经空气air-borne 经食物food-borne 经饮水drinking water-borne 经载体vehicle-borne 精确性precision 聚合酶链式反应polymerase chain reaction，PCR 均衡性错分non-differential misclassification 均数回归趋势regression to the mean K 抗原漂移antigenic drift 抗原转变antigenic shift 克山病Keshan disease 空间、时间集研究space-time cluster study 扩大免疫计划expanded program on immunization，EPI L 来源同一identity by descent，IBD 类试验，准试验quasi-trial，quasi-experiment 类推法method of analogy 累积发病率cumulative incidence 罹患率attack rate 礼貌偏倚politeness bias 理论流行病学theoretical epidemiology 历史性historical 连锁linkage 连锁不平衡linkage disequilibrium 连锁分析Linkage analysis 连锁平衡linkage equilibrium 联合无应答偏倚combined nonrespondent bias 联系率contact rate 临床试验clinical trial 灵敏度sensitivity 领先时间偏倚lead time bias 流感病毒influenza virus 流行epidemic 流行病模型epidemic model 流行病学epidemiology 流行病学监测epidemiological surveillance 流行病学实验epidemiological experiment 流行过程epidemic process 流行曲线epidemic curve 流行性出血热epidemic hemorrhagic fever，EHF 流行性感冒Influenza 流行性肾病nephropathia epidemica，NE 率rate 率比rate ratio 率差rate difference，RD 轮状模式wheel mode M 蔓延流行propagated or progressive epidemic 盲法blindness 美国国家胆固醇教育规划National Cholesterol Education Program，NCEP 描述流行病学descriptive epidemiology 描述性研究descriptive study 目标人群target population N 内暴露剂量Internal Dose 内部有效性internal validity 内剂量internal dose 内剂量的测定internal dose meters 纳入/排除偏倚inclusion/exclusion bias 奈曼偏倚Neyman bias P 排除exclusions 排除法method of exclusion 排除偏倚exclusive bias 配对pair matching "皮鞋"流行病学shoeleather epidemiology 匹配matching 匹配变量matching variable 匹配过头overmatching 匹配因素matching factors 偏倚bias 频数匹配frequency matching 普查census Q 前瞻性prospective 8 前瞻性研究prospective study 潜伏期incubation period 潜隐期latent period 潜在工作损失年数Working Years of Potential Life Lost，WYPLL 潜在价值损失年数Valued Years of Potential Life Lost，VYPLL 潜在寿命损失年potential years of life lost，PYLL 强制干预enforcement intervention 求同法method of agreement 求异法method of difference 全人群策略population strategy 缺课天数days lost from school 缺勤天数days lost from work 缺失数据missing data 确定性检验explicit testing 确定性模型deterministic model R 人传人person to person spread 人类传染病anthroponosis 人类基因组计划human genome project 人类免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus，HIV 人群population 人群病因分值population etiologic fraction，PEF 人群的分层population stratification 人群归因危险度population attributable risk，PAR 人群归因危险度百分比population attributable risk percent，PARP 或PAR% 人群免疫性herd immunity 人群易感性herd susceptibility 人兽共患病，动物传染病zoonosis 人畜共患病anthropozoonosis 日期型date type 入院率偏倚（伯克森偏倚）admission rate bias （Berkson's bias）。

统计学术语中英文对照

population 母体sample 样本census 普查sampling 抽样quantitative 量的qualitative/categorical质的discrete 离散的continuous 连续的population parameters 母体参数sample statistics 样本统计量descriptive statistics 叙述统计学inferential/inductive statistics 推论 ...抽样调查（sampliing survey单纯随机抽样（simple random sampling 系统抽样（systematic sampling分层抽样（stratified sampling整群抽样（cluster sampling多级抽样（multistage sampling常态分配(Parametric Statistics)无母数统计学(Nonparametric Statistics) 实验设计(Design of Experiment)参数(Parameter)Data analysis 资料分析Statistical table 统计表Statistical chart 统计图Pie chart 圆饼图Stem-and-leaf display 茎叶图Box plot 盒须图Histogram 直方图Bar Chart 长条图Polygon 次数多边图Ogive 肩形图Descriptive statistics 叙述统计学Expectation 期望值Mode 众数Mean 平均数Variance 变异数Standard deviation 标准差Standard error 标准误Covariance matrix 共变异数矩阵Inferential statistics 推论统计学Point estimation 点估计Interval estimation 区间估计Confidence interval 信赖区间Confidence coefficient 信赖系数Testing statistical hypothesis 统计假设检定Regression analysis 回归分析Analysis of variance 变异数分析Correlation coefficient 相关系数Sampling survey 抽样调查Census 普查Sampling 抽样Reliability 信度Validity 效度Sampling error 抽样误差Non-sampling error 非抽样误差Random sampling 随机抽样Simple random sampling 简单随机抽样法Stratified sampling 分层抽样法Cluster sampling 群集抽样法Systematic sampling 系统抽样法Two-stage random sampling 两段随机抽样法Convenience sampling 便利抽样Quota sampling 配额抽样Snowball sampling 雪球抽样Nonparametric statistics 无母数统计The sign test 等级检定Wilcoxon signed rank tests 魏克森讯号等级检定Wilcoxon rank sum tests 魏克森等级和检定Run test 连检定法Discrete uniform densities 离散的均匀密度Binomial densities 二项密度Hypergeometric densities 超几何密度Poisson densities 卜松密度Geometric densities 几何密度Negative binomial densities 负二项密度Continuous uniform densities 连续均匀密度Normal densities 常态密度Exponential densities 指数密度Gamma densities 伽玛密度Beta densities 贝他密度Multivariate analysis 多变量分析Principal components 主因子分析Discrimination analysis 区别分析Cluster analysis 群集分析Factor analysis 因素分析Survival analysis 存活分析Time series analysis 时间序列分析Linear models 线性模式Quality engineering 品质工程Probability theory 机率论Statistical computing 统计计算Statistical inference 统计推论Stochastic processes 随机过程Decision theory 决策理论Discrete analysis 离散分析Mathematical statistics 数理统计统计学: Statistics母体: Population样本: Sample资料分析: Data analysis统计表: Statistical table统计图: Statistical chart圆饼图: Pie chart茎叶图: Stem-and-leaf display盒须图: Box plot直方图: Histogram长条图: Bar Chart次数多边图: Polygon肩形图: Ogive叙述统计学: Descriptive statistics 期望值: Expectation众数: Mode平均数: Mean变异数: Variance标准差: Standard deviation标准误: Standard error共变异数矩阵: Covariance matrix推论统计学: Inferential statistics点估计: Point estimation区间估计: Interval estimation信赖区间: Confidence interval信赖系数: Confidence coefficient统计假设检定: Testing statisticalhypothesis回归分析: Regression analysis变异数分析: Analysis of variance相关系数: Correlation coefficient抽样调查: Sampling survey普查: Census抽样: Sampling信度: Reliability效度: Validity抽样误差: Sampling error非抽样误差: Non-sampling error随机抽样: Random sampling简单随机抽样法: Simple randomsampling分层抽样法: Stratified sampling群集抽样法: Cluster sampling系统抽样法: Systematic sampling两段随机抽样法: Two-stage randomsampling便利抽样: Convenience sampling配额抽样: Quota sampling雪球抽样: Snowball sampling无母数统计: Nonparametric statistics等级检定: The sign test魏克森讯号等级检定: Wilcoxon signedrank tests魏克森等级和检定: Wilcoxon rank sumtests连检定法: Run test离散的均匀密度: Discrete uniformdensities二项密度: Binomial densities超几何密度: Hypergeometric densities卜松密度: Poisson densities几何密度: Geometric densities负二项密度: Negative binomial densities连续均匀密度: Continuous uniformdensities常态密度: Normal densities指数密度: Exponential densities伽玛密度: Gamma densities贝他密度: Beta densities多变量分析: Multivariate analysis主因子分析: Principal components区别分析: Discrimination analysis群集分析: Cluster analysis因素分析: Factor analysis存活分析: Survival analysis时间序列分析: Time series analysis线性模式: Linear models品质工程: Quality engineering机率论: Probability theory统计计算: Statistical computing统计推论: Statistical inference随机过程: Stochastic processes决策理论: Decision theory离散分析: Discrete analysis数理统计: Mathematical statistics统计名词市调辞典众数(Mode) 普查(census)指数(Index) 问卷(Questionnaire)中位数(Median) 信度(Reliability)百分比(Percentage) 母群体(Population)信赖水准(Confidence level) 观察法(Observational Survey)假设检定(Hypothesis Testing) 综合法(Integrated Survey)卡方检定(Chi-square Test) 雪球抽样(Snowball Sampling)差距量表(Interval Scale) 序列偏差(Series Bias)类别量表(Nominal Scale) 次级资料(Secondary Data)顺序量表(Ordinal Scale) 抽样架构(Sampling frame)比率量表(Ratio Scale) 集群抽样(Cluster Sampling)连检定法(Run Test) 便利抽样(Convenience Sampling)符号检定(Sign Test) 抽样调查(SamplingSur)算术平均数(Arithmetic Mean) 非抽样误差(non-sampling error)展示会法(Display Survey)调查名词准确效度(Criterion-RelatedValidity)元素(Element) 邮寄问卷法(Mail Interview)样本(Sample) 信抽样误差(Sampling error)效度(Validity) 封闭式问题(Close Question)精确度(Precision) 电话访问法(TelephoneInterview)准确度(Validity) 随机抽样法(RandomSampling)实验法(Experiment Survey)抽样单位(Sampling unit) 资讯名词市场调查(Marketing Research) 决策树(Decision Trees)容忍误差(Tolerated erro) 资料采矿(DataMining)初级资料(Primary Data) 时间序列(Time-Series Forecasting)目标母体(Target Population) 回归分析(Regression)抽样偏差(Sampling Bias) 趋势分析(TrendAnalysis)抽样误差(sampling error) 罗吉斯回归(Logistic Regression)架构效度(Construct Validity) 类神经网络(Neural Network)配额抽样(Quota Sampling) 无母数统计检定方法(Non-Parametric Test)人员访问法(Interview) 判别分析法(Discriminant Analysis)集群分析法(cluster analysis) 规则归纳法(Rules Induction)内容效度(Content Validity) 判断抽样(Judgment Sampling)开放式问题(Open Question) OLAP(OnlineAnalytical Process)分层随机抽样(Stratified Randomsampling) 资料仓储(Data Warehouse)非随机抽样法(Nonrandom Sampling) 知识发现(Knowledge DiscoveryAbsolute deviation, 绝对离差Absolute number, 绝对数Absolute residuals, 绝对残差Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度Acceleration vector, 加速度向量Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设Accumulation, 累积Accuracy, 准确度Actual frequency, 实际频数Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量Addition, 相加Addition theorem, 加法定理Additive Noise, 加性噪声Additivity, 可加性Adjusted rate, 调整率Adjusted value, 校正值Admissible error, 容许误差Aggregation, 聚集性Alpha factoring,α因子法Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设Among groups, 组间Amounts, 总量Analysis of correlation, 相关分析Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析Analysis Of Effects, 效应分析Analysis Of Variance, 方差分析Analysis of regression, 回归分析Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析Analysis of variance, 方差分析Angular transformation, 角转换ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型ANOVA table and eta, 分组计算方差分析Arcing, 弧/弧旋Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换Area 区域图Area under the curve, 曲线面积AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA, 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmetic grid paper, 算术格纸Arithmetic mean, 算术平均数Arrhenius relation, 艾恩尼斯关系Assessing fit, 拟合的评估Associative laws, 结合律Asymmetric distribution, 非对称分布Asymptotic bias, 渐近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency, 渐近效率Asymptotic variance, 渐近方差Attributable risk, 归因危险度Attribute data, 属性资料Attribution, 属性Autocorrelation, 自相关Autocorrelation of residuals, 残差的自相关Average, 平均数Average confidence interval length, 平均置信区间长度Average growth rate, 平均增长率Bar chart, 条形图Bar graph, 条形图Base period, 基期Bayes' theorem , Bayes定理Bell-shaped curve, 钟形曲线Bernoulli distribution, 伯努力分布Best-trim estimator, 最好切尾估计量Bias, 偏性Binary logistic regression, 二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomial distribution, 二项分布Bisquare, 双平方Bivariate Correlate, 二变量相关Bivariate normal distribution, 双变量正态分布Bivariate normal population, 双变量正态总体Biweight interval, 双权区间Biweight M-estimator, 双权M估计量Block, 区组/配伍组BMDP(Biomedical computer programs),BMDP统计软件包Boxplots, 箱线图/箱尾图Breakdown bound, 崩溃界/崩溃点Canonical correlation, 典型相关Caption, 纵标目Case-control study, 病例对照研究Categorical variable, 分类变量Catenary, 悬链线Cauchy distribution, 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship, 因果关系Cell, 单元Censoring, 终检Center of symmetry, 对称中心Centering and scaling, 中心化和定标Central tendency, 集中趋势Central value, 中心值CHAID -χ2 Automatic Interaction Detector,卡方自动交互检测Chance, 机遇Chance error, 随机误差Chance variable, 随机变量Characteristic equation, 特征方程Characteristic root, 特征根Characteristic vector, 特征向量Chebshev criterion of fit, 拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernoff faces, 切尔诺夫脸谱图Chi-square test, 卡方检验/χ2检验Choleskey decomposition, 乔洛斯基分解Circle chart, 圆图Class interval, 组距Class mid-value, 组中值Class upper limit, 组上限Classified variable, 分类变量Cluster analysis, 聚类分析Cluster sampling, 整群抽样Code, 代码Coded data, 编码数据Coding, 编码Coefficient of contingency, 列联系数Coefficient of determination, 决定系数Coefficient of multiple correlation, 多重相关系数Coefficient of partial correlation, 偏相关系数Coefficient of production-moment correlation, 积差相关系数Coefficient of rank correlation, 等级相关系数Coefficient of regression, 回归系数Coefficient of skewness, 偏度系数Coefficient of variation, 变异系数Cohort study, 队列研究Collinearity, 共线性Column, 列Column effect, 列效应Column factor, 列因素Combination pool, 合并Combinative table, 组合表Common factor, 共性因子Common regression coefficient, 公共回归系数Common value, 共同值Common variance, 公共方差Common variation, 公共变异Communality variance, 共性方差Comparability, 可比性Comparison of bathes, 批比较Comparison value, 比较值Compartment model, 分部模型Compassion, 伸缩Complement of an event, 补事件Complete association, 完全正相关Complete dissociation, 完全不相关Complete statistics, 完备统计量Completely randomized design, 完全随机化设计Composite event, 联合事件Composite events, 复合事件Concavity, 凹性Conditional expectation, 条件期望Conditional likelihood, 条件似然Conditional probability, 条件概率Conditionally linear, 依条件线性Confidence interval, 置信区间Confidence limit, 置信限Confidence lower limit, 置信下限Confidence upper limit, 置信上限Confirmatory Factor Analysis , 验证性因子分析Confirmatory research, 证实性实验研究Confounding factor, 混杂因素Conjoint, 联合分析Consistency, 相合性Consistency check, 一致性检验Consistent asymptotically normal estimate,相合渐近正态估计Consistent estimate, 相合估计Constrained nonlinear regression, 受约束非线性回归Constraint, 约束Contaminated distribution, 污染分布Contaminated Gausssian, 污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution, 污染正态分布Contamination, 污染Contamination model, 污染模型Contingency table, 列联表Contour, 边界线Contribution rate, 贡献率Control, 对照, 质量控制图Controlled experiments, 对照实验Conventional depth, 常规深度Convolution, 卷积Corrected factor, 校正因子Corrected mean, 校正均值Correction coefficient, 校正系数Correctness, 正确性Correlation coefficient, 相关系数Correlation, 相关性Correlation index, 相关指数Correspondence, 对应Counting, 计数Counts, 计数/频数Covariance, 协方差Covariant, 共变Cox Regression, Cox回归Criteria for fitting, 拟合准则Criteria of least squares, 最小二乘准则Critical ratio, 临界比Critical region, 拒绝域Critical value, 临界值Cross-over design, 交叉设计Cross-section analysis, 横断面分析Cross-section survey, 横断面调查Crosstabs , 交叉表Crosstabs 列联表分析Cross-tabulation table, 复合表Cube root, 立方根Cumulative distribution function, 分布函数Cumulative probability, 累计概率Curvature, 曲率/弯曲Curvature, 曲率Curve Estimation, 曲线拟合Curve fit , 曲线拟和Curve fitting, 曲线拟合Curvilinear regression, 曲线回归Curvilinear relation, 曲线关系Cut-and-try method, 尝试法Cycle, 周期Cyclist, 周期性D test, D检验Data acquisition, 资料收集Data bank, 数据库Data capacity, 数据容量Data deficiencies, 数据缺乏Data handling, 数据处理Data manipulation, 数据处理Data processing, 数据处理Data reduction, 数据缩减Data set, 数据集Data sources, 数据来源Data transformation, 数据变换Data validity, 数据有效性Data-in, 数据输入Data-out, 数据输出Dead time, 停滞期Degree of freedom, 自由度Degree of precision, 精密度Degree of reliability, 可靠性程度Degression, 递减Density function, 密度函数Density of data points, 数据点的密度Dependent variable, 应变量/依变量/因变量Dependent variable, 因变量Depth, 深度Derivative matrix, 导数矩阵Derivative-free methods, 无导数方法Design, 设计Determinacy, 确定性Determinant, 行列式Determinant, 决定因素Deviation, 离差Deviation from average, 离均差Diagnostic plot, 诊断图Dichotomous variable, 二分变量Differential equation, 微分方程Direct standardization, 直接标准化法Direct Oblimin, 斜交旋转Discrete variable, 离散型变量DISCRIMINANT, 判断Discriminant analysis, 判别分析Discriminant coefficient, 判别系数Discriminant function, 判别值Dispersion, 散布/分散度Disproportional, 不成比例的Disproportionate sub-class numbers, 不成比例次级组含量Distribution free, 分布无关性/免分布Distribution shape, 分布形状Distribution-free method, 任意分布法Distributive laws, 分配律Disturbance, 随机扰动项Dose response curve, 剂量反应曲线Double blind method, 双盲法Double blind trial, 双盲试验Double exponential distribution, 双指数分布Double logarithmic, 双对数Downward rank, 降秩Dual-space plot, 对偶空间图DUD, 无导数方法Duncan's new multiple range method, 新复极差法/Duncan新法Error Bar, 均值相关区间图Effect, 实验效应Eigenvalue, 特征值Eigenvector, 特征向量Ellipse, 椭圆Empirical distribution, 经验分布Empirical probability, 经验概率单位Enumeration data, 计数资料Equal sun-class number, 相等次级组含量Equally likely, 等可能Equivariance, 同变性Error, 误差/错误Error of estimate, 估计误差Error type I, 第一类错误Error type II, 第二类错误Estimand, 被估量Estimated error mean squares, 估计误差均方Estimated error sum of squares, 估计误差平方和Euclidean distance, 欧式距离Event, 事件Event, 事件Exceptional data point, 异常数据点Expectation plane, 期望平面Expectation surface, 期望曲面Expected values, 期望值Experiment, 实验Experimental sampling, 试验抽样Experimental unit, 试验单位Explained variance （已说明方差）Explanatory variable, 说明变量Exploratory data analysis, 探索性数据分析Explore Summarize, 探索-摘要Exponential curve, 指数曲线Exponential growth, 指数式增长EXSMOOTH, 指数平滑方法Extended fit, 扩充拟合Extra parameter, 附加参数Extrapolation, 外推法Extreme observation, 末端观测值Extremes, 极端值/极值F distribution, F分布F test, F检验Factor, 因素/因子Factor analysis, 因子分析Factor Analysis, 因子分析Factor score, 因子得分Factorial, 阶乘Factorial design, 析因试验设计False negative, 假阴性False negative error, 假阴性错误Family of distributions, 分布族Family of estimators, 估计量族Fanning, 扇面Fatality rate, 病死率Field investigation, 现场调查Field survey, 现场调查Finite population, 有限总体Finite-sample, 有限样本First derivative, 一阶导数First principal component, 第一主成分First quartile, 第一四分位数Fisher information, 费雪信息量Fitted value, 拟合值Fitting a curve, 曲线拟合Fixed base, 定基Fluctuation, 随机起伏Forecast, 预测Four fold table, 四格表Fourth, 四分点Fraction blow, 左侧比率Fractional error, 相对误差Frequency, 频率Frequency polygon, 频数多边图Frontier point, 界限点Function relationship, 泛函关系Gamma distribution, 伽玛分布Gauss increment, 高斯增量Gaussian distribution, 高斯分布/正态分布Gauss-Newton increment, 高斯-牛顿增量General census, 全面普查Generalized least squares, 综合最小平方法GENLOG (Generalized liner models), 广义线性模型Geometric mean, 几何平均数Gini's mean difference, 基尼均差GLM (General liner models), 通用线性模型Goodness of fit, 拟和优度/配合度Gradient of determinant, 行列式的梯度Graeco-Latin square, 希腊拉丁方Grand mean, 总均值Gross errors, 重大错误Gross-error sensitivity, 大错敏感度Group averages, 分组平均Grouped data, 分组资料Guessed mean, 假定平均数Half-life, 半衰期Hampel M-estimators, 汉佩尔M估计量Happenstance, 偶然事件Harmonic mean, 调和均数Hazard function, 风险均数Hazard rate, 风险率Heading, 标目Heavy-tailed distribution, 重尾分布Hessian array, 海森立体阵Heterogeneity, 不同质Heterogeneity of variance, 方差不齐Hierarchical classification, 组内分组Hierarchical clustering method, 系统聚类法High-leverage point, 高杠杆率点High-Low, 低区域图Higher Order Interaction Effects，高阶交互作用HILOGLINEAR, 多维列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge, 折叶点Histogram, 直方图Historical cohort study, 历史性队列研究Holes, 空洞HOMALS, 多重响应分析Homogeneity of variance, 方差齐性Homogeneity test, 齐性检验Huber M-estimators, 休伯M估计量Hyperbola, 双曲线Hypothesis testing, 假设检验Hypothetical universe, 假设总体Image factoring,, 多元回归法Impossible event, 不可能事件Independence, 独立性Independent variable, 自变量Index, 指标/指数Indirect standardization, 间接标准化法Individual, 个体Inference band, 推断带Infinite population, 无限总体Infinitely great, 无穷大Infinitely small, 无穷小Influence curve, 影响曲线Information capacity, 信息容量Initial condition, 初始条件Initial estimate, 初始估计值Initial level, 最初水平Interaction, 交互作用Interaction terms, 交互作用项Intercept, 截距Interpolation, 内插法Interquartile range, 四分位距Interval estimation, 区间估计Intervals of equal probability, 等概率区间Intrinsic curvature, 固有曲率Invariance, 不变性Inverse matrix, 逆矩阵Inverse probability, 逆概率Inverse sine transformation, 反正弦变换Iteration, 迭代Jacobian determinant, 雅可比行列式Joint distribution function, 分布函数Joint probability, 联合概率Joint probability distribution, 联合概率分布K-Means Cluster逐步聚类分析K means method, 逐步聚类法Kaplan-Meier, 评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merier chart, Kaplan-Merier图Kendall's rank correlation, Kendall等级相关Kinetic, 动力学Kolmogorov-Smirnove test, 柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验Kruskal and Wallis test, Kruskal及Wallis检验/多样本的秩和检验/H检验Kurtosis, 峰度Lack of fit, 失拟Ladder of powers, 幂阶梯Lag, 滞后Large sample, 大样本Large sample test, 大样本检验Latin square, 拉丁方Latin square design, 拉丁方设计Leakage, 泄漏Least favorable configuration, 最不利构形Least favorable distribution, 最不利分布Least significant difference, 最小显著差法Least square method, 最小二乘法Least Squared Criterion，最小二乘方准则Least-absolute-residuals estimates, 最小绝对残差估计Least-absolute-residuals fit, 最小绝对残差拟合Least-absolute-residuals line, 最小绝对残差线Legend, 图例L-estimator, L估计量L-estimator of location, 位置L估计量L-estimator of scale, 尺度L估计量Level, 水平Leveage Correction，杠杆率校正Life expectance, 预期期望寿命Life table, 寿命表Life table method, 生命表法Light-tailed distribution, 轻尾分布Likelihood function, 似然函数Likelihood ratio, 似然比line graph, 线图Linear correlation, 直线相关Linear equation, 线性方程Linear programming, 线性规划Linear regression, 直线回归Linear Regression, 线性回归Linear trend, 线性趋势Loading, 载荷Location and scale equivariance, 位置尺度同变性Location equivariance, 位置同变性Location invariance, 位置不变性Location scale family, 位置尺度族Log rank test, 时序检验Logarithmic curve, 对数曲线Logarithmic normal distribution, 对数正态分布Logarithmic scale, 对数尺度Logarithmic transformation, 对数变换Logic check, 逻辑检查Logistic distribution, 逻辑斯特分布Logit transformation, Logi t转换LOGLINEAR, 多维列联表通用模型Lognormal distribution, 对数正态分布Lost function, 损失函数Low correlation, 低度相关Lower limit, 下限Lowest-attained variance, 最小可达方差LSD, 最小显著差法的简称Lurking variable, 潜在变量Main effect, 主效应Major heading, 主辞标目Marginal density function, 边缘密度函数Marginal probability, 边缘概率Marginal probability distribution, 边缘概率分布Matched data, 配对资料Matched distribution, 匹配过分布Matching of distribution, 分布的匹配Matching of transformation, 变换的匹配Mathematical expectation, 数学期望Mathematical model, 数学模型Maximum L-estimator, 极大极小L 估计量Maximum likelihood method, 最大似然法Mean, 均数Mean squares between groups, 组间均方Mean squares within group, 组内均方Means (Compare means), 均值-均值比较Median, 中位数Median effective dose, 半数效量Median lethal dose, 半数致死量Median polish, 中位数平滑Median test, 中位数检验Minimal sufficient statistic, 最小充分统计量Minimum distance estimation, 最小距离估计Minimum effective dose, 最小有效量Minimum lethal dose, 最小致死量Minimum variance estimator, 最小方差估计量MINITAB, 统计软件包Minor heading, 宾词标目Missing data, 缺失值Model specification, 模型的确定Modeling Statistics , 模型统计Models for outliers, 离群值模型Modifying the model, 模型的修正Modulus of continuity, 连续性模Morbidity, 发病率Most favorable configuration, 最有利构形MSC（多元散射校正）Multidimensional Scaling (ASCAL), 多维尺度/多维标度Multinomial Logistic Regression , 多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiple comparison, 多重比较Multiple correlation , 复相关Multiple covariance, 多元协方差Multiple linear regression, 多元线性回归Multiple response , 多重选项Multiple solutions, 多解Multiplication theorem, 乘法定理Multiresponse, 多元响应Multi-stage sampling, 多阶段抽样Multivariate T distribution, 多元T分布Mutual exclusive, 互不相容Mutual independence, 互相独立Natural boundary, 自然边界Natural dead, 自然死亡Natural zero, 自然零Negative correlation, 负相关Negative linear correlation, 负线性相关Negatively skewed, 负偏Newman-Keuls method, q检验NK method, q检验No statistical significance, 无统计意义Nominal variable, 名义变量Nonconstancy of variability, 变异的非定常性Nonlinear regression, 非线性相关Nonparametric statistics, 非参数统计Nonparametric test, 非参数检验Nonparametric tests, 非参数检验Normal deviate, 正态离差Normal distribution, 正态分布Normal equation, 正规方程组Normal P-P, 正态概率分布图Normal Q-Q, 正态概率单位分布图Normal ranges, 正常范围Normal value, 正常值Normalization 归一化Nuisance parameter, 多余参数/讨厌参数Null hypothesis, 无效假设Numerical variable, 数值变量Objective function, 目标函数Observation unit, 观察单位Observed value, 观察值One sided test, 单侧检验One-way analysis of variance, 单因素方差分析Oneway ANOVA , 单因素方差分析Open sequential trial, 开放型序贯设计Optrim, 优切尾Optrim efficiency, 优切尾效率Order statistics, 顺序统计量Ordered categories, 有序分类Ordinal logistic regression , 序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinal variable, 有序变量Orthogonal basis, 正交基Orthogonal design, 正交试验设计Orthogonality conditions, 正交条件ORTHOPLAN, 正交设计Outlier cutoffs, 离群值截断点Outliers, 极端值OVERALS , 多组变量的非线性正规相关Overshoot, 迭代过度Paired design, 配对设计Paired sample, 配对样本Pairwise slopes, 成对斜率Parabola, 抛物线Parallel tests, 平行试验Parameter, 参数Parametric statistics, 参数统计Parametric test, 参数检验Pareto, 直条构成线图（又称佩尔托图）Partial correlation, 偏相关Partial regression, 偏回归Partial sorting, 偏排序Partials residuals, 偏残差Pattern, 模式PCA（主成分分析）Pearson curves, 皮尔逊曲线Peeling, 退层Percent bar graph, 百分条形图Percentage, 百分比Percentile, 百分位数Percentile curves, 百分位曲线Periodicity, 周期性Permutation, 排列P-estimator, P估计量Pie graph, 构成图,饼图Pitman estimator, 皮特曼估计量Pivot, 枢轴量Planar, 平坦Planar assumption, 平面的假设PLANCARDS, 生成试验的计划卡PLS（偏最小二乘法）Point estimation, 点估计Poisson distribution, 泊松分布Polishing, 平滑Polled standard deviation, 合并标准差Polled variance, 合并方差Polygon, 多边图Polynomial, 多项式Polynomial curve, 多项式曲线Population, 总体Population attributable risk, 人群归因危险度Positive correlation, 正相关Positively skewed, 正偏Posterior distribution, 后验分布Power of a test, 检验效能Precision, 精密度Predicted value, 预测值Preliminary analysis, 预备性分析Principal axis factoring,主轴因子法Principal component analysis, 主成分分析Prior distribution, 先验分布Prior probability, 先验概率Probabilistic model, 概率模型probability, 概率Probability density, 概率密度Product moment, 乘积矩/协方差Profile trace, 截面迹图Proportion, 比/构成比Proportion allocation in stratified randomsampling, 按比例分层随机抽样Proportionate, 成比例Proportionate sub-class numbers, 成比例次级组含量Prospective study, 前瞻性调查Proximities, 亲近性Pseudo F test, 近似F检验Pseudo model, 近似模型Pseudosigma, 伪标准差Purposive sampling, 有目的抽样QR decomposition, QR分解Quadratic approximation, 二次近似Qualitative classification, 属性分类Qualitative method, 定性方法Quantile-quantile plot, 分位数-分位数图/Q-Q 图Quantitative analysis, 定量分析Quartile, 四分位数Quick Cluster, 快速聚类Radix sort, 基数排序Random allocation, 随机化分组Random blocks design, 随机区组设计Random event, 随机事件Randomization, 随机化Range, 极差/全距Rank correlation, 等级相关Rank sum test, 秩和检验Rank test, 秩检验Ranked data, 等级资料Rate, 比率Ratio, 比例Raw data, 原始资料Raw residual, 原始残差Rayleigh's test, 雷氏检验Rayleigh's Z, 雷氏Z值Reciprocal, 倒数Reciprocal transformation, 倒数变换Recording, 记录Redescending estimators, 回降估计量Reducing dimensions, 降维Re-expression, 重新表达Reference set, 标准组Region of acceptance, 接受域Regression coefficient, 回归系数Regression sum of square, 回归平方和Rejection point, 拒绝点Relative dispersion, 相对离散度Relative number, 相对数Reliability, 可靠性Reparametrization, 重新设置参数Replication, 重复Report Summaries, 报告摘要Residual sum of square, 剩余平方和residual variance (剩余方差)Resistance, 耐抗性Resistant line, 耐抗线Resistant technique, 耐抗技术R-estimator of location, 位置R估计量R-estimator of scale, 尺度R估计量Retrospective study, 回顾性调查Ridge trace, 岭迹Ridit analysis, Ridit分析Rotation, 旋转Rounding, 舍入Row, 行Row effects, 行效应Row factor, 行因素RXC table, RXC表Sample, 样本Sample regression coefficient, 样本回归系数Sample size, 样本量Sample standard deviation, 样本标准差Sampling error, 抽样误差SAS(Statistical analysis system ), SAS统计软件包Scale, 尺度/量表Scatter diagram, 散点图Schematic plot, 示意图/简图Score test, 计分检验Screening, 筛检SEASON, 季节分析Second derivative, 二阶导数Second principal component, 第二主成分SEM (Structural equation modeling), 结构化方程模型Semi-logarithmic graph, 半对数图Semi-logarithmic paper, 半对数格纸Sensitivity curve, 敏感度曲线Sequential analysis, 贯序分析Sequence, 普通序列图Sequential data set, 顺序数据集Sequential design, 贯序设计Sequential method, 贯序法Sequential test, 贯序检验法Serial tests, 系列试验Short-cut method, 简捷法Sigmoid curve, S形曲线Sign function, 正负号函数Sign test, 符号检验Signed rank, 符号秩Significant Level, 显著水平Significance test, 显著性检验Significant figure, 有效数字Simple cluster sampling, 简单整群抽样Simple correlation, 简单相关Simple random sampling, 简单随机抽样Simple regression, 简单回归simple table, 简单表Sine estimator, 正弦估计量Single-valued estimate, 单值估计Singular matrix, 奇异矩阵Skewed distribution, 偏斜分布Skewness, 偏度Slash distribution, 斜线分布Slope, 斜率Smirnov test, 斯米尔诺夫检验Source of variation, 变异来源Spearman rank correlation, 斯皮尔曼等级相关Specific factor, 特殊因子Specific factor variance, 特殊因子方差Spectra , 频谱Spherical distribution, 球型正态分布Spread, 展布SPSS(Statistical package for the social science), SPSS统计软件包Spurious correlation, 假性相关Square root transformation, 平方根变换Stabilizing variance, 稳定方差Standard deviation, 标准差Standard error, 标准误Standard error of difference, 差别的标准误Standard error of estimate, 标准估计误差Standard error of rate, 率的标准误Standard normal distribution, 标准正态分布Standardization, 标准化Starting value, 起始值Statistic, 统计量Statistical control, 统计控制Statistical graph, 统计图Statistical inference, 统计推断Statistical table, 统计表Steepest descent, 最速下降法Stem and leaf display, 茎叶图Step factor, 步长因子Stepwise regression, 逐步回归Storage, 存Strata, 层（复数）Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Strength, 强度Stringency, 严密性Structural relationship, 结构关系Studentized residual, 学生化残差/t化残差Sub-class numbers, 次级组含量Subdividing, 分割Sufficient statistic, 充分统计量Sum of products, 积和Sum of squares, 离差平方和Sum of squares about regression, 回归平方和Sum of squares between groups, 组间平方和Sum of squares of partial regression, 偏回归平方和Sure event, 必然事件Survey, 调查Survival, 生存分析Survival rate, 生存率Suspended root gram, 悬吊根图Symmetry, 对称Systematic error, 系统误差Systematic sampling, 系统抽样Tags, 标签Tail area, 尾部面积Tail length, 尾长Tail weight, 尾重Tangent line, 切线Target distribution, 目标分布Taylor series, 泰勒级数Test(检验)Test of linearity, 线性检验Tendency of dispersion, 离散趋势Testing of hypotheses, 假设检验Theoretical frequency, 理论频数Time series, 时间序列Tolerance interval, 容忍区间Tolerance lower limit, 容忍下限Tolerance upper limit, 容忍上限Torsion, 扰率Total sum of square, 总平方和Total variation, 总变异Transformation, 转换Treatment, 处理Trend, 趋势Trend of percentage, 百分比趋势Trial, 试验Trial and error method, 试错法Tuning constant, 细调常数。

仪表自动化英语

导前—滞后补偿 lead-lag compensation 等百分比阀 Equal-percentage valves 电磁流量计 Magnetic flow meter 定时器 Timer 定位器，阀门～ Positioners，Valve～动态补偿 Dynamic compensation 干燥器的～～for dryers 锅炉燃烧的～～for boiler firing 解耦的～～in decoupling 精馏的～for distillation 汽包水位控制的～～for drum-level contro l 热交换器的～～for heat exchangers 热流量计算的～～for heat-flow calculatio n 优化器的～in optimizers 蒸发器的～～for evaporators 动态补偿器 Dynamic compensators 动态矩阵控制(DMC) Dynamic matrix cont rol 动态增益 Dynamic gain 抖动 Dither 多变量过程 Multivariable processes 多变量调节器 Multivariable controllers 多变量系统的分解 Decomposing multivaria te systems 多容过程 Multi-capacity processes 多输出系统 Multiple-output systems 阀门 Valves 电磁～ solenoid～电动～ electric～气动～ pneumatic～三通～ three-way～调节阀 control～阀门的可调范围 Valve range ability 阀门定位器 Valve positioners 阀门顺序动作 Valve sequencing 利用定位器实现～～using positioners 利用选择器实现一～using selectors 阀门特性 Valve characteristics 阀门响应 Valve response 阀门增益 Valve gain 阀位控制 Valve-position control 反馈 Feedback 串级系统的～～in cascade systems 负～ negative～干燥器控制系统的～～in dryer control sy stems 关联系统的～～in interacting systems 解耦系统的～～in decoupling systems 正～ positive～

美瑞 М1500数字压力传感器手册说明书

DigitalPressure TransmitterM1500 + Meriam = Performance you can rely on!Meriam’s compact, M1500 Analog or Digital Pressure Transmitters are ideal for pressure measurement needs from 10” H 20 to 3000 PSI Full Scale. Output options include digital (RS-232, RS-485 and USB) or analog (mA or V DC). Choose from differential (dry/dry or wet/wet), gauge, compound or absolute pressure types – see the table below for complete details. Typical NIST traceable digital accu-racy is ±0.025% of F.S. including all effects of linearity, repeatability, hyster-esis and temperature from -20º to +50º C (-4º to +122º F).Digital output options for the M1500 deliver accurate pressure measure-ment to compatible receiving devices. Choose RS-232 single point or RS-485 for networks up to 255 devices. M1500 connections are made via terminal block or DB-9 serial port. The USB digital communication option also pow-ers the M1500 via high power USB ports or powered USB hubs.Software is included for initial setup and support. Meriam Serial Protocol (MSP) or Meriam DLL can be used to send and receive information. Implementation Guides are available at (see Resources / Application Notes).Analog output models are also avail-able. Output accuracy is typically ±0.035% of F.S. The user may config-ure the M1500 for 0 – 5 VDC or 4 – 20mA output. Two SPST opto switches are included. Analog units are config-ured using a USB Mini A Connector and the included Meriam Setup Utility. The utility supports initial configura-tion, zeroing, recalibration and other functions.For wider pressure range require-ments, model M1502 with digital out-put incorporates two pressure sen-sors. Most combinations of AI or CI type pressure sensors are supported. See the table below for available rang-es. M1502 is available with RS-232, RS-485 or USB digital outputs - not available with analog output. A single software command returns both pres-sure readings. The M1502 reduces purchase price and installation costs when multiple pressure measurements are needed.(Orifice plate, Venturi, Accutube, Wedge)• Clean room pressure monitoringStandard AccessoriesP/N Z9A000003PN06 Support Disk including: - Meriam Setup Utility- Meriam Serial Protocol Implementation Guide - USB Device Drivers & Installation Instructions - LabVIEW® VI’s- Meriam DLLOptional AccessoriesP/N Z9P273Analog Starter Kit, 6 ft. USB cablefor configuration through PCsoftwareP/N ZA900447-00052 DB-9 connector cable, 6ft., female by maleP/N Z7621RS-485 to RS-232 interfaceadapter, DIN rail mountedP/N Z7621-1 RS-485 to RS-232 interfaceadapter, PC port mounted andpoweredLabVIEW® is a registered trademark of National Instruments.Viton® is a registered trademark of DuPont.SPECIFICATIONS: BEST IN CLASS ACCURACY EasyDIN Rail MountingWith 100 years of pressure measurementexperience Meriam is the clear choice. We set the standard for high accuracy over the largest operating temperature range.One or Two Pressure Sensors in Each UnitM1500-“Sensor Code with Range” shown below -or-mattersM1500 CONNECTION OPTIONSRS-232 / RS-485 communication connectorsUSB type B connectorOutput OptionsDigital (use Meriam Serial Protocol or LabView ®)RS-232: 19200 baud (adjustable), 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity RS-485: half duplex, 3-wire TR-1, TR-0, signal ground, 19200 baud (adjustable), 1 start bit, 1 stop bit, no parity. Multi-dropaddressing for up to 255 devices (MSP).USB: USB 2.0Analog4 – 20 mA: 2-wire loop powered, 4-wire systems. 0 –5 VDC Analog: 4-wire, 1 – 5 VDC is user configurable Two SPST opto switches, 80V DC, 100 mA maximum, 4-wiresystems onlyConnectionsPressure: 1/8” NPT (female)Electrical / Communications / Output:Power: 7 position terminal block; 1.3 mm diameter holes for 16 – 25gauge solid or stranded wireRS-232: DB-9 (female) Serial Connector or 7 position terminal block RS-485: 7 position terminal block USB: USB type B female connectorAnalog: Terminal blocks with USB Mini -A Connector for configuration and recalibrationPower RequirementsRS-232, RS-485: 8 – 36 VDC, 20 mA minimumUSB: high power (500 mA) USB port or USB hub (PC USB ports andUSB hubs with power adapters are typically high power)mA, 2-wire: 20 – 36 VDC, 50 mA minimum mA, 4-wire: 8 – 36 VDC, 50 mA minimum V, 4-wire: 8 – 36 VDC, 50 mA minimumPower ConsumptionRS-232: 110 mW (maximum)RS-485: 110 mW (maximum)EPI / THE EMBEDDED PRESSURE INSTRUMENTThe EPI™ is a fully compensated instrument capable of measuring applied pressures and providing an accurate and fully characterized digital output. The Meriam M1500 Pressure Transmitter, as well as other pressure products from Meriam, are powered by the EPI™. This ensures you are getting a highly-accurate device capable of ±0.025% FS including all effects of linearity, hysteresis, repeatability and temperature over specified operating temperature range. NIST traceable certification is standard. The EPI™ provides true 14 samples per second data rate of accurate pressure readings.po w e r e d byEPIUSB type B connectorEasy rear panel accessExamples: M1500-DN0415 = M1500, Differential Non-isolated, 0 - 415” H2O full scale measurement M1500-G I 1000 = M1500, Gauge I solated, 0 - 1000 PSIG full scale measurementM1500-C I 0100 = M1500, Compound I solated, -14.7 to +100 PSIG full scale measurement M1502-A I 0017-CI0100, Dual Pressure ModelConvenient Panel MountingAnalog connectorEnclosure - Analog Out: 4.725” L x 2.125” W x 1.25” H Digital Out: 4.625 ”L x 2.125” W x 1.25” HIP40, aluminum case, 316LSS pressure manifold Weight: 10.5 oz for DN, G I , C I or A I pressure types, 16 oz for D Itype, analog output adds 1 oz.Mounting: Panel and DIN rail mounting hardware are standard Temperature Limits Operating: -4 to 122°F (-20 to 50°C) Storage: -40 to 185°F (-40 to 85°C)Humidity Limits: 5 – 95% RHShock, Operating: 30 g, halve-sine, 11mSec pulse (tested in accordance with EC-60068-2-27)Vibration Sinusoidal, Operating: 2g peak acceleration at 5-500 Hz (tested in accordance with IEC-60068-2-6)Vibration Random, Operating: 6g rms acceleration at 5 to 2000 Hz (tested in accordance with IEC-60068-2-64) Certification:Firmware FeaturesProgramming features supported through Meriam Serial Protocol (MSP): pressure zero, reset factory zero, sensor damping, pressure units select, analog output span set (Upper Sensor Value, Lower Sensor Value), tare on / off, field recalibration, PROD (precision right of decimal), AROD (accuracy right of decimal), Get/Set baud rate.The following information commands are available through Meriam Serial Protocol (MSP ): serial number, pressure module class and type, firmware version, LSL (lower sensor limit), USL (upper sensor limit), instrument temperature, primary and secondary variable value, primary and secondary min/max.The following programming features are available via LabVIEW ® VI’s: pressure zero, sensor damping, pressure units select, PROD (precision right of decimal), AROD (accuracy right of decimal), Get / Set baud rate.The following information commands are supported via LabVIEW ® VI’s: model, s/n, description, tag no., asset no., firmware version, primary(and secondary if applicable) variable value(s), primary (and secondary if applicable) min/max value(s), instrument temperature.Field Recalibration: All M1500 transmitters can be recalibrated in the field using suitable reference standards and the utility sent with the product.Since 1911。

海洋石油专业英语

海洋石油专业英语单词及短语atmospheric vent 放空阀auto—drain valve 自动排放阀backwash return pump 反冲洗循环泵blind spectacle flange 双孔盲法兰blow down vessel 排放罐boiler make-up pump 锅炉提升泵centrifugal pump 离心泵chemical seal 化学密封clean water surge tank 净化水缓冲罐close drain tank 闭式排放罐coalescer 聚集器condensate drum 冷凝液罐corrugated plate inclining separator(CPI separator) 波形斜板隔油器脱水预热器crude cooler 原油冷却器crude heat exchanger原油热交换器crude suction strainer 原油吸入滤器drilling and production platform 钻采平台deaeration tower 除氧塔dehydration preheater 脱水预热器diaphragm valve薄膜调节阀diesel storage tank 柴油罐differential pressure control valve 差压控制阀dispersed gas floater 力口气浮选器displacement oil pump 置换油泵drain pit 排放池electric desalter 电脱盐器electric hydraulic valve 电液控制阀electric submergible pump 电潜泵emergence shutdown valve 紧急关断阀fine filtration scour细滤器洗刷风机first stage separator 一级分离器flare assembly火炬燃烧总成flare pilot gas火炬点火气floater controlled valve 浮球控制阀FPSU-floating oil production andstore unit 浮式生产储油系统free water knock-out自由水分离气fresh water maker unit 淡水制造装置fuel gas heater燃料气加热器fuel gas system 燃料气加热系统fusible plug 易熔塞heat traced pipeline 伴热管线heater力口热器heater treater feed pump热处理器供液泵high pressure condensate drum 高压冷凝罐high pressure gas knock-out drum 高压燃料气分离罐high-high pressure separator 高高压分离器hose connection 软管接头hydraulic lines 液压管线hydraulic operated valve 液压控制阀hydraulic piston pump 水力活塞泵igniter 点火器insulation flange 绝缘法兰jet pump 射流泵jump hose 跨越软管LCP-local control panel 就地控制盘low pressure flare 低压燃料火炬main boiler 主锅炉main process lines 主流程管线normally open（close）valve 常开（关）阀oily water tank含油污水舱package equipment 组块设备pig launcher 清管球发射器plate attachment板间连接件pneumatic operated valve 气动控制阀sample connection 取样接头sand filter 砂滤器sans scrubber砂净化器screw pump 螺杆泵scum vessel 渣油罐solenoid operated with manual reset valve 手动复位电磁阀solenoid valve 电磁阀pneumatic operated with manual 电磁阀seawater coarse filterreset valve 手动复位气动阀position light 状态灯pressure regulation valve 压力调节阀pressure safety valve 压力安全阀production manifold 生产管汇production train shut-down panel 生产系列关断盘seawater coarse filter reset valve 海水提升泵self-contained pressure regulation valve 自给式压力调节阀service water supply system 服务水供给系统_ *1 _ 。

材料、结构力学名词英文

力学 mechanics 牛顿力学 Newtonian mechanics 经典力学 classical mechanics 静力学 statics 运动学 kinematics 动力学 dynamics子波 wavelet 次级子波 secondary wavele 驻波 standing wave声强 intensity of sound 声强计 phonometer 声调 intonation音色 musical quality 音调 pitch 声级 sound level声压[强] sound pressure 声源 sound source 声阻抗 acoustic impedance声抗 acoustic reactance 声阻 acoustic resistance 声导纳 acoustic admittance声导 acoustic conductance 声纳 acoustic susceptance 声共振 acoustic resonance声波 sound wave 超声波 supersonic wave 声速 sound velocity次声波 infrasonic wave 亚声速 subsonic speed又称“亚音速”。

超声速 supersonic speed又称“超音速”。

声呐 sonar 共鸣 resonance回波 echo 回声 echo 拍 beat 拍频 beat frequency群速 group velocity 相速 phase velocity 能流 energy flux能流密度 energy flux density 材料力学 mechanics of materials, strength of materials 应力 stress 法向应力 normal stress 剪[切]应力 shear stress单轴应力 uniaxial stress 双轴应力 biaxial stress 拉[伸]应力 tensile stress压[缩]应力 compressive stress 周向应力 circumferential stress纵向应力 longitudinal stress 轴向应力 axial stress弯[曲]应力 bending stress, flexural stress 扭[转]应力 torsional stress局部应力 localized stress 残余应力 residual stress 热应力 thermal stress最大法向应力 maximum normal stress 最小法向应力 minimum normal stress最大剪应力 maximum shear stress 主应力 principal stress主剪应力 principal shear stress 工作应力 working stress 许用应力 allowable stress应力集中 stress concentration 应力集中系数 stress concentration factor应力状态 state of stress 应力分析 stress analysis结构[强度]分析 structured analysis 应变 strain 剪[切]应变 shear strain法向应变 normal strain 拉[伸]应变 tensile strain 压[缩]应变 compressive strain 体积应变 volumetric strain 残余应变 residual strain 热应变 thermal strain最大法向应变 maximum normal strain 主应变 principal strain主剪应变 principal shear strain 名义应变 nominal strain应变状态 state of strain 载荷 load又称“荷载”。

平台部件翻译

VOLTAGE(电压)WEIGHT OR POWER(重量或力量)INSTRUMENTATION FUNCTION IDENTIFICATION LETTERS(仪器操作识别码）e.g PRESSURE DIFFER器上压差指示器，简称PDIC)PLANT/PLATFORM IDENTIFIER(设备/平台的标志符）e.g 42 or 50.　ADDITl.e.'HIGH'AND'LOW'ALARM SETTINGS UP TO LETTERS PER.H=HIGH OR OPEN.L=LOW OR CLOSED.HH=HIGH责：用缩写字母设立高低警告牌．H表示高或开放的．L表示低或关闭的．HH代表很高．LL代表很低．IDSUFFIX(相同工具的下标）e.g A,B OR C. SYSTEM CODE FOLLOWED BY INSTRUMENT TAG NUMBER TWO DIGTHREE DIGIT SEQUENTIAL TAG NO.STARTING AT 001 FOR EACH SYSTEM(工件的标记放在设备标记的后面连在3的后面，工件的编号从001开始）INSTRUMENT INDEX(设备编号）：51-PDT-12123A TRANSMITTER(传器);51-PDAH-12123 ALARM(警告器).POWER（电源） TYPICAL TAG NUMBER(典型的缩写符号）MOISTURE（潮湿）USER'S CHOICE（用户的选择）USER'S CHOICE（用户的选择）PRESSURE（压力）QUANTITY OR EVENT（数量或结果）MEASURED OR INITIATING VARIABLE（测量或初始变量）CONDUCTIVITY (ELECTRICAL)(电导率）FIRST LETTER(首字母）HAND (MANUALLY OPERATED)（手动操作）CURRENT(ELECTRICAL)（电流）SEQUENTIAL CONTROL OR TIME（连续控制或按时控制）LEVEL（标准，水平，级别）SEQUENTIAL CONTROL OR TIME（连续控制或按时控制）LEVEL（标准，水平面，级别）UNCLASSIFIED（不分类）VIBRATION（振动）NUCLEAR RADIATION（放射性辐射）SPEED OR FREQUENCY（速度或频率）TEMPRATURE（温度）DIFFERENTIAL(微分）BURNER FLAME(烈火）ANALYSER(分析者）DENSITY(MASS)OR SPECIFIC GRAVITY(密度或比重）EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN（因突发事故而停工）FLOW RATE（流量）GAUGING POSITION OR　LENGTH（测量位置或长度）RATIO(FRACTION)(比率）SAFETY（安全设备）SCAN（扫描）INTEGRATE/TOTALIZE（总计）MODIFIER（复核者） SAMPLE(样品）POSITION（位置）MULTIVARIABLE（多元的，多变量的）POINTS,TEST CONNECTION,INTEGR POSITION（位置）00 TO 09012304 TO 09 10 TO 1910111213141516171920-3920212223242526272829303132/3334353637 TO 3940 TO 4940414243444546 TO 4950 TO 69FUEL GAS SYSTEMS（得到燃料气体系统）VACANT（空白）UTILITY SYSTEMS(效用系统）WELLHEAD SYSTEMS(PRODUCTION)（井口系统（生产））WELLHEAD SYSTEMS(PRODUCTION STIMULATION)（井口系统（刺激生产））WELLHEAD SYSTEMS(CHEMICAL INJECTION)（井口系统（压注化学溶液））MAIN POWER DRILLING SUBSEA.REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEMS,WORKOVER CONTROL SYSTEMS LINE（钻头在海底的主要动力，遥控控制系统，油井维修控制系统和防腐蚀核心）FLARE,VENT AND BLOWDOWN SYSTEMS(FLARE STRUCTURE EXCLUDED)（照明和通风系统）OILY WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS（石油的水净化处理系统）WELLHEAD SYSTEMS(DRILLING)（井口系统（钻井））THREE DIGIT SEQUENTIAL TAG NO.STARTING AT 001 FOR EACH SYSTEM(工件的标记放在设备标记的后面连在3的后面，工件的编号从001开始）INSTRUMENT INDEX(设备编号）：51-PDT-12123A TRANSMITTER(传器);51-PDAH-12123 ALARM(警告器).GENERAL(常规）ARCHITECTURAL GENERAL-LIVING QUARTERS(建筑上的一般生存空间）SUBSEA MULTI DISCIPLINE SYSTEMS（海底的多种学科体系）TEMPORARY SYSTEMS（临时系统）VACANT（空白）WELL RELATED SYSTEMS（良好的相关体系）DRILLING SYSTEMS（钻井系统）DRILLING PROCESS SYSTEMS（钻井加工系统）GENERAL(常规）SUBSEA FLOWLINES AND SERVICE LINES,INCL FLEXIBLE JUMPERS MAIN POWER DRILLING（钻头的主要能源）EMERGENCY POWER DRILLING（钻头的紧急备用动力）GAS COMPRESSION-COOLING AND SCRUBBING（汽油冷压缩和净化）GAS TREATMENT（汽油的处理）GAS CONDITIONING（汽油清理）COMPRESSION FOR REINJECTION TO RESERVOIR（压缩后再注入油库）PROCESS SYSTEMS（加工系统）SEPARATION AND STABILIZATION(分离和稳定性）CRUDE HANDLING（粗加工）CRUDE TREATMENT（粗加工）HEATING SYSTEMS（制热系统）CHEMICAL INJECTION SYSTEMS（压注化学溶剂系统）GAS PIPELINE COMPRESSION,METERING AND TRANSFER（汽油管道的压力，测量和传送GAS SWEETENING（气体脱硫）OIL PIPELINE SYSTEMS（石油管道系统）VACANT（空白）DENSE GAS PIPELINE（厚石油管道）RISERS（冒口）J-TUBES（J型管）VACANT（空白）PROCESS SUPPORT SYSTEMS（过程支持系统）COOLING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS（制冷系统）18VACANT（空白）DRY GAS PIPELINE（干气管道）505152535455565758596061626364656667686970 TO 7970717273747576787980 TO 8980818283848586888990 TO 999091BATTERY SYSTEM AND UNINTERUPTABLE POWER SUPPLY(电池系统和连续电源）STRUCTURE-GENERAL （常规组合）ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION,INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS(使用带电仪器的方法）MAIN POWER GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION 13.3KV（主要发电和配电13.3KV)MAIN POWER GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION 6.6KV(主要发电和配电6.6KV)MAIN POWER GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION<660V(主要发电和配电<660V)SAFETY AND FACILITY SYSTEMS（安全设备系统）FIRE AND GAS DETECTION（汽油燃烧探测）PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM(PCS)（过程控制系统）MATERIAL HANDLING（物料输送，原材料处理）ACCOMODATION FACILITIESSAFETY GENERAL/PERSONNEL SAFETY SYSTEMS(个人安全系统）FRESH WATER SYSTEMS（淡水系）HOT WATER SYSTEM（热水系）COLD STORE AND FREEZER SYSTEM（冷藏库和速冻系统）GBS-TEMPORARY HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS(GBS的临时水力系统）CLOSED DRAIN SYSTEM（暗渠系统）VACUUM CLEANING（用真空吸尘器打扫）GBS TEMPORARY SEAWATER SYSTEMS DRY BULK LOADING SYSTEMDIESEL SYSTEM（柴油机系统）JET FUEL SYSTEM（燃料喷射系统）SEAWATER SYSTEMS(LOW TO MEDIUM PRESSURE)（海水系（低压））HIGH PRESSURE SEAWATER SYSTEM（海水高压系统）GBS PERMANENT SEAWATER SYSTEMS WORKSHOP AND STORAGE(车间和仓库）SHUTDOWN SYSTEM（关闭系统）STEAM AND CONDENSATE SYSTEM(蒸发和冷凝系统）OPEN DRAIN SYSTEM（明渠系统）HALON/CO2 SYSTEMS/MISCELLANEOUSHYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEM（水力系统）HVAC(LIVING QUARTERS)SEE ALSO SYSTEM 77 （采暖通风与空调（住舱）系统）VACANT（空白）FIREWATER AND FOAM SYSTEMS（泡沫灭火系统）COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEMS（空气压缩系统）INERT PURGE SYSTEM（惰性清除系统）STRUCTURAL SYSTEM（结构体系）ESCAPE AND PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION HEATING AND VENTILATION(PROCESS/UTILITY 防系统（生活区））77INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS(INSTRUMENT TAG NUMBERS USE THE RELEVANT SYSTEM NUMBER A 的标签号使用相关的系统数据作为数据的一部分））87COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS（通讯系统）EARTHING AND LIGHTING SYSTEM（接地线和火线体系）INSTRUMENTATION-ESSENTIAL（使用仪器的要点）EMERGENCY POWER 6.6KV(紧急备用电力为6.6kv)EMERGENCY POWER<440V(紧急备用电力＜440KV)STRUCTURE-DECK/MODULE SUPPORT FRAME（甲板／指令舱结构支撑体）9293949596979899C-1-D-3-G-6-H-9-K-15-L-25-M-50-P-100-R-S-T-IH-IC-IP-IA-ET-ST-AABBJJCCDDDEEEFGHHAB-CH-AI-CL-AP-OS-BA-PH-BB-PL-BC-PG-BO-PW-CD-SH-CG-SL-LUBE OIL（润滑油）SEAL OIL（成品油）PROCESS HYDROCARBON（PROCESS LIQUID（工艺STEAM-LP（下气孔）PROCESS-WATER（工艺用STEAM-HP（上气孔）PROCESS GAS（工业废气BULK CEMENT（散装水泥）BASE OIL（原油）CHEMICAL DRY（干燥的化学药品）CHEMICAL-GLYCOL（乙二醇）BREATHING AIR(呼吸用的空气）HYDRAULIC OIL（液压油INSTRUMENT AIR（仪表气源）PLANT AIR（工厂用压缩空气）BULK POWDERS（散装火药）BULK BARITES（大块重晶石）PROCESS MEDIA IDENTIFIER（过程标记）PLANT/PLATFORM IDENTIFIER（车间／平台标记）SEQUENTIAL NUMBER(连续的号码)SYSTEM IDENTIFIER(系统标记)MATERIAL IDENTIFIER(SECONDRY)(材料标号）MATERIAL IDENTIFIER(MAIN)(材料标号INSULATION/HEAT TRACING IDENTIFIER（绝缘/热度标识描述） PROCESS MEDIA IDENTIFIER(过程标记e.g: 6〞-PG-51-20001-6C1-1H(AA-BB-JJ-CCDDD-EEEFG-HH)LINE NUMBERS(数据行）PIPE SIZE(1-2DIGITS)(INCHES)（管道尺寸）STUCTURE-LOADING BOUY（飞机降落结构体）STRUCTURE-SUBSEA TEMPLATE（海底结构模板）AUXILIARY STRUCTURE SSTEMS(BRIDGE,FLARE　BOOM,TRIPOD,ANTENNA,ETC)（辅助结构CATHODIC PROTECTION（阴极保护）STRUCTURE-MODULES/PANCAKES（指令舱／扁平结构）SUBSTRUCTURE-CONCRETE/STEEL GBS（钢筋钢／钢结构体） SUBSTRUCTURE-STEEL JACKET（钢结构体护套）LOW TEMPERATURE CARBON STEEL（低回火碳钢）CIVIL WORK（土建工程）MATERIALS IDENTIFIER(MAIN)(F)(原材料的标识符）CARBON STEEL（碳钢）INSULATION-HEAT CONSERVATION（保持绝热）API 5LB 3MM CHROME MOLYBDINIUM（铬合金）PLASTIC（塑胶）Cu-Ni(<2)GRE(2 AND ABOVE)（钴－镍合金）DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL（二联不锈钢） ASME PRESSURE RATING(EEE)(美CL150CL300CL600HASTALLOY GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC（纤维塑料）CL900CL1500GALVANISED CARBON STEEL（经过电镀的碳钢）CL2500CL5000CL10000 INSULATION HEAT TRACING IDENTIFIER(绝热标识符描述） MATERIAL IDENTIFIE API 5LB 3MM A519 GR 413API 5LB 3MM STAINLESS STEEL（不锈钢）TITANIUM（钛）50C1-100C1-1S1/3S1/6S1-INSULATION-COLD CONSERVATION（保持绝冷）INSULATION-PERSONNEL PROTECTION（人绝缘保护）INSULATION-ACOUSTIC（隔绝声音）HEAT TRACING-ELECTRICALLY TRACED（热－电）GALVANISED1R1-1P1-1G1-HEAT TRACING-STEAM TRACED（热－蒸汽）1C1-1C2-3C1-6C1-6C2-API 5LB 3MM API 5000 A5A519 GR 413SS(316L)0MM Cu-Ni(<2)GR ABS 0MM C.ACH-SM-CI-VA-DC-VH-DD-VL-DH-VE-DM-WB-DO-WC-EX-WD-FA-WF-FD-WG-FG-WH-FP-WI-HA-WO-HM-WP-IG-WS-MH-WT-MK-WU-ML-WW-X-JJKLCCMMNA-N-B-P-C-Q-D-R-E-S-F-T-G-U-H-V-J-W-K-X-L-Y-M-Z-B-M-C-S-D-T-E-U-G-V-H-JJ NNQQQPIPING SPECIAL ITEM NUMBERING(JJ-PPP-NNQQQ)(管道特PLANT/PLATFORM NUMBER(平台标记)VSD(VARIABLE SPEED D SEQUENTIAL NUMBER(顺 EQUIPMENT NUMBERS（JJ-KL-CC-MM-N）（设备标签）PLANT/PLATFORM IDENTIFIER（平台标示符）EQUIPMENT IDENTIFIER（设备标示符） EQUIPMENT IDENTIFIER(MAIN)(K)(设备标签）PIG LAUNCHERS/RECEIV PACKAGES(包）BULKS（散装）42-PANYU 5-1PLATFORM 51-PANYU 5-1PLATFORMSUFFIX IDENTIFIER（N）（下标）WATER-TREATED（处理过WATER UTILITY（有用的SUFFIX IDENTIFIER(下标)(WHERE TWO OR MORE IDENTICALWASTE WATER（浪费水资MISCELLANEOUS（混合器SYSTEM IDENTIFIER（系统标记）SEQUENTIAL NUMBER（续号） PLAT/PLATFORM IDESEA WATER（海水）WATER INJECTION（注水WATER OILY（油水）WATER GREY（净水）WATER HOT（热水）VENT-LP（下通风口）VENT-EXHAUST（排气口DRILLING EQUIPMENT（钻动设备）SPARE（备用的）REACTORS（反应堆）WATER-BLACK（污水）WATER COOLING（水内冷PUMPS（泵）WATER DRILLING（湿式FIREWATER（烈酒）COLUMNS（圆柱）WATER-POTABLE（饮用水FLARES & VENTS（通风VESSELS（容器）HEAT EXCHANGERS（换热器）FIRED HEATERS（火力加热器）STRAINERS & FILTERS（TANKS（罐）ATMOSPHERIC VENT（通VENT-HP（上通风口）INSTRUMENT EQUIPMENT（工具箱）COMPRESSORS（压缩机）LIFTING APPLIANCES/R SAFETY(LIFEBOATS,HOS CLOSED DRAIN（暗渠）DELUGE DRAINS（水渠）GENERATORS(发电机）HVAC （高压交流电）STEAM-MP（中间气孔）ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT（电器设备）MISCELLANEOUS（混合器）TELECOMMUNICATIONS（CAISSONS（沉箱）OPEN DRAIN(NON-HAZARDOUS)（明渠（安全）） EXHAUST DUCTING（排气管）CHEMICAL-HYPOCHLORITE（次氯酸盐）CHEMICAL INJECTION（呀注化学溶液） EQUIPMENT IDENTIFIER(SECONDARY)(L)(设备标签)GEAR BOX（传动箱）ELECTRIC MOTOR（点动DIESEL FUEL（柴油机燃料）FUEL GAS（可燃气体，气体燃料）PURGE GAS（吹扫用的气体）OPEN DRAIN(HAZARDOUS)(明渠（危险的）） MUD DRAIN（水泥排道）COUPLINGS（连接器）DIESEL ENGINE（柴油机）EXPANSION MOTOR AIR（GAS）（汽压马达）SWITCHGEAR(TO BE INC TRANSFORMER(变压器）UPS(UNINTERUPTED POW KILL FLUID（阀门）MUD-LOW PRESSURE（低压泥浆）AVIATION FUEL(飞行器燃料）GENERATOR（发电机）HYDRAULIC MOTOR（液压马达）HALONHEATING MEDIUM（间接加热）INERT GAS（惰性气体）MUD HIGH PRESSURE（高压泥浆）PPPBEL-LF-BT-QC-CI-SG-FLA-STR-HO-TS-NAIN PROCESS LINE(粗线)UTILITY LINE(细线)UNDERGROUND LINE(虚线)EJECTOR(排出器)EXPANSION BELLOWS(风箱)FLOW STRAIGHTENER(流动矫直机)STAINER Y TYPEDIAPHRAGM SEAL(隔膜密封) LINETYPES(线形)HEAT TACED INSTRUMENT()HEAT TACED INSTRUMENT()END CAP(节流阀端盖)END PLUG(THREADED)(端塞)FEMALE HOSE CONNECTION(软管连MALE HOSE CONNECTION(软管连接FLEXIBLE HOSE(柔软管)EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN SYSTEM LOGIC INTERLOCK(紧急情况系统互锁关闭)PRESSURE SAFETY VALVE BALLOON(气球式安全施压阀)ANALYSER(分析器)QUICK CHANGE ORIFICE FITING()BURSTING DISC(防暴膜)CONCENTRIC(同心的)REDUCER FLANGED(折边的减压器)CONNECTION(线路)BLIND FLANGE(盖板边缘)PIPING SYMBOLFALL IN ELEVATION(仰角倒塌)ELECTRICAL TRACING AROUND VAL INSULATION(绝缘)PROCESS AUTOMATION SYSTEM INPUT/OUTPUT AND DISPLAY(工序自动化系统的输出/显示)PROCESS SHUTDOWN SYSTEM INPUT/OUTPUT AND DISPLAY(工序关闭系统输入/输出显示)PIPING SPECIAL ITEM(REFER 153SEAL LOOP(弯曲)ATMOSPHERIC VENT(通风口)DEADMAN HANDLE VALVE(手动阀)SHUTDOWN OR BLOWDOWN VALVE(NOT3)(封闭阀)SOLENOID VALVE(螺线阀)SOLENOID VALVE WITH MANUAL RESET(手动螺线阀)CONTROL VALVE(NOT3)(控制阀)CHECK VALVE(止回阀)ANGLE VALVE(角阀)LOCAL MOUNTED INSTRUMENT(安在当地马路上的设备)LOCAL PANEL MOUNTED INSTRUMENT(安在地方马路上的仪表)CONTROL VALVE SELF ACTING（自动控制阀）SAFETY RELIEF VALVE(NOT3)(安全卸压阀)PRESSURE/VACUUM VALVE(真空阀)GATE VALVE MOTOR DRIVEN(闸门阀动机)FLOAT VALVE(浮阀)BALL VALVE(球阀)THREE WAY MANUAL VALVE(三路手控阀)GLOBE VALVE(球心阀)BUTTERFLY VALVE(蝶形阀) INSTRUMENT SYMBOLS(工具标记)CONTROL ROOM MOUNTED PANEL INSTRUMENT()HOSE & HOSE CONNECTOR（软管连接器） SPECIALITY ITEM CODE（PPP）VALVE SYMBOL(阀类标记)STANDARD BASKET FILT QUICK COUPLING（快速SIGHT GLASS（窥镜）Y-STRAINER（Y行过滤器CONICAL STRAINER（锥SAMPLE CONNECTION(取样口)TUNDISH(漏斗)VENT AND COWL(通风帽)SCREEN(掩蔽物)FIREWATER MONITOR(防火监控气)BARRED TEE（球座）INJECTION QUILL FLAME INJECTOR GATE VALVE(闸门阀)PLUG VALVE(旋塞阀) e.g:51-STR-20001SPECIALITY ITEM CODE(特殊代号)HOSE REEL(旋转软管)BLEED OR DRIP RING(放油圈)BARRED TEE()EXPANSION BELLOW(扩充式风箱）DIAPHRAGM VALVE(隔膜阀)NEEDLE VALVE(针形阀)THREE WAY PLUG VALVE(三路旋塞阀)MAGNETIC FLOWMETER(磁流测量计ULTRASONIC FLOWMETER(超声波流VORTEX FLOWMETER(涡流流量计)CORIOLIS FLOWMETER(科里奥利流TURBINE FLOWMETER(涡轮流量计)VARIABLE AREA FLOWMETER/ROTAM FLOW ELEMENT/RESTRICTION ORIF VENTURI FLOWMETER(文氏管流量计MULTI PHASE FLOWMETER(相位计)CC LL CV LLSD DISP L/R D/P MCC ESO MCP FC MV FIP NO FO NCFY,PY,TY NNFH OHD HH ONHD HC O/S/C HS PSD H20SC H2S S/D IAS SP IG S/S INST TCP L TSO LO USD LC VFROTATING EQUTIGHT SHUT OFF(关断)UNIT SHUTDOWN()VENDOR FURNISH(设备提FOR SEA WATER FLUSHING OR DIESEL FILL.(因为海水冲洗或注满整个柴油机。

Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome (二尖瓣脱垂)

The mitral valve begins to prolapse when the reduction of
LV volume during systole reaches a critical point at which the valve leaflets no longer coapt; at that instant, the click occurs and the murmur commences. Any maneuver that decreases LV volume, such as a reduction of impedance to LV outflow, a reduction in venous return, tachycardia, or an augmentation of myocardial contractility, results in an earlier occurrence of prolapse during systole. As a consequence, the click and onset of the murmur move closer to S1. When prolapse is severe and/or LV size is markedly reduced, prolapse may begin with the onset of systole. As a consequence, the click may not be audible, and the murmur may be holosystolic. On the other hand, when LV volume is augmented by an increase in the impedance to LV emptying, an increase in venous return, a reduction of myocardial contractility, or bradycardia, both the click and the onset of the murmur will be delayed.

轮机英语专业词汇

专业词汇Special Terms第一部分柴油机Diesel Engine二冲程船用柴油机two stroke marine diesel engine四冲程船用柴油机four stroke marine diesel engine高（中，低）速柴油机high(medium,lower)speed engine气缸cylinder气缸盖cylinder cover(cylinder head)苏尔寿发动机Sulzer engineB&W型发动机Burmeister and Wain engine哥塔维根型发动机Gotaverken engine曼恩型发动机M.A.N.engineV型发动机V-type engine直流扫气式发动机uniflow scavenging type engine回流扫气式发动机loop flow scavenging type engine横流扫气式发动机crow-flow scavenging type engine十字头式发动机crosshead engine筒形活塞式发动机trunk-ppiston engine涡轮增压式发动机turbocharge engine固定部件fixed parts耐磨部件wear parts运动部件moving parts互换部件interchangeable parts气缸套cylinder liner示功阀indicator cock(indicator valve)安全阀safety valve气缸启动阀cylinder air starting valve缸套顶圈head ring for cylinder liner排气阀exhaust valve进气阀air inlet valve(suction valve)气阀传动机构valve driving mechanism顶杆tapper rod推杆push rod摇臂rocker rod (rocking lever)活塞pistion十字头式活塞crosshead type pistion筒形活塞trunk pistion活塞头pistion crown(head)活塞裙pistion skirt活塞体pistion body活塞销pistion pin(gudgeon pin)活塞环pistion ring气环（压缩环）compression ring刮油环oil scraper ring(oil ring,scraper ring)布油环oil distributing ring耐磨环wear ring活塞环槽pistion ring groove活塞冷却水管pistion cooling pipe往复管reciprocating pipe伸缩管telescope pipe铰链管articulated pipe活塞杆pistion rod活塞杆凸缘pistion rod flange活塞杆填料函stuffing box for pistion rod活塞杆填料箱gland box for pistion rod.packing gland for pistion rod填料函壳体stuffing box casing填料函张力弹簧tension spring for stuffing box填料函密封环sealing ring for stuffing box填料函刮油环scraper ring for stuffing box填料函压环pressure ring for stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland十字头cross head十字头销cross head pin十字头销轴承cross head bearing(cross head pin bearing)十字头滑块cross head shoe(guide shoe)十字头导板cross head guide(guide rail,guide way,guide plate)连杆connecting rod连杆小端轴承connecting rod small end bearing连杆大端轴承connecting rod large end bearing;connecting rod bottom end bearing 曲柄销轴承crankpin bearing曲轴crank shaft曲轴臂crank arm曲轴销crank pin曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱道门crankcase door(crankcase manhole)曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion door主轴承main bearing (bed plate bearing)倒挂式主轴承main bearing of under slung type轴承轴瓦上半块bearing bush-upper half轴承衬下半块bearing shell-lower half主轴承撑杆螺栓main bearing stay bolt主轴颈crank shaft journal(main journal)机座bed plate底座横隔板bed plate transverse member机架frame(column,entablature)底角螺栓holding down bolt (anchor bolt)贯穿螺栓through bolt (tie rod,tie bolt)贯穿螺栓护盖protecting covering for tie rod贯穿螺栓导套guide bush for tie rod推力轴thrust shaft推力轴承thrust bearing推力块thrust pad盘车机turning gear废气涡轮增压器exhaust gas turbocharge (turbo-blower)增压系统super charging system机械增压mechanical supercharging单（复）式增压系统single(complex)type super charging system二级增压two-stage supercharging定压增压系统constant pressure charging system脉冲增压系统impulse pressure charging system变压增压variable pressure charging system串联增压super charging in series syatem并联增压super charging in parallel system直流扫气unislow scavenging回流扫气loop scavenging横流扫气cross scavenging气口扫气port scavenging气口-气阀扫气port-valve scavenging扫气口scavenging port排气口exhaust port排气总管exhaust manifold排气管exhaust pipe上止点top dead center(TDC)下止点bottom dead center(BDC)燃烧室combustion chamber吸气行程inlet(suction) atroke压缩行程compression stroke做功行程power (working) stroke排气行程exhaust stroke定时图timing diagram指示功indicated power轴功shaft power示功图indicator power控制系统control system启动控制装置control devic for starting起动装置starting devic主起动阀main starting valve空气压缩机air compressor空气瓶air bottle(air container,air cylinder,air reservoir) 起动手柄starting lever(starting handle)起动空气控制阀starting air control valve起动空气导阀starting air pilot valve起动阀starting valve分级活塞stepped pistion起动阀连锁装置starting valve blocking device起动凸轮starting cam起动空气管starting air pipe单凸轮换向装置single cam reversing device双凸轮换向装置double cam reversing device正车凸轮ahead cam正车油缸ahead oil cylinder (ahead oil bottle) 自动停车装置automatic cut-out device空气分配器凸轮air distributor cam转向指示器running direction indicator换向杆reversing lever换向控制杆reversing control lever排气凸轮exhaust cam喷油凸轮fuel cam主起动阀手轮hand wheel for starting valve飞轮flywheel;turning wheel调速器goernor调速装置control device for running the engine 极限调速装置maximum-speed governor gear定速调速装置constant-speed governor gear全制式调速装置variable-speed governor gear机械调速器mechanical governor液压调速器hydraulic governor车钟telegraph凸轮传动机构camshaft transmission gear链条传动chain transmission(chain drive)齿轮传动gear tansmission链轮sprocket (sprocket wheel)惰轮idle wheel备车stand by engine完车finish engine停车stop engine微速前进（后退）dead slow ahead (astern)前进（后退）一slow ahead (astern)前进（后退）二half ahead (astern)前进（后退）三full ahead (astern)紧急前进（后退）三emergency full ahead(astern)起动start倒车reverse空气分配器air distributor气缸注油器cylinder lubricator第2 部分制冷和空调制冷refrigeration空调air conditioning通风ventilation盐水制冷brine refrigeration热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration蒸汽压缩循环vapour-compression cyle制冷剂refrigerant直接制冷剂primary refrigerant间接制冷剂secondary refrigerant氟利昂freon氟化氢fluorinated hydrocarbon临界温度critical temperature压缩机compressor蒸发器evaporator感温包sensing bulb膨胀阀expansion valve电磁阀solenoid valve干燥器drier/dryer冷凝器condenser储液器liquid receiver油分离器oil seperator中间冷却器inter cooler内部均压装置internal equalizer风冷冷凝器air-cooled condenser双阀座截止阀double seat stop valve手动能量控制阀hand capacity control valve水量调节阀water regulating valve气动薄膜碟阀pneumatic film flap valve出液阀delivery valve出液管outlet pipe外平衡管outer balance pipe半封闭式压缩机semi-enclosed compressor节流阀throttle valve加湿器humidifier回油装置oil-return device回气管return pipe自动水量调节阀automatic water regulating valve自动液压能量控制装置automatic hydraulic capacity control device 压力控制器pressure control压差控制器differential pressure control吸入截止阀suction stop valve吸入滤网suction stainer充液阀charging valve冷凝器进入阀condenser inlet valve冷凝器出液阀condenser outlet valve冷却盘管cooling coil冷库insulted hold空气加热器air heater空气滤清器air cleaner油位检查镜inspection glass for oil level油预热器oil preheater卸载油缸unloading cylinder波纹管bellows制冷剂瓶refrigerant bottle热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve毛细管capillary tube膜片diaphragm阀孔隙orifice恒温器thermostant诱导器inducer背压调节阀back-pressure valve浮动式自动回油阀floating type automatic oil return valve热交换器heat exchanger高压继电器high voltage relay温度调节器humidistat能量调节阀capacity regulator通风机ventilator舱室温度控制器cabin type temperature control排气融霜管discharge defrost pipe液位控制器liquid level control液体分离器liquid separator捡漏灯halide lamp船用臭氧发生器marine ozonizer温包式温度控制器phial type temperature controller湿度控制器humidity controller蒸发盘管evaporator coil tube散热器radiator空气调节器air conditioner二次空气系统secandary air conditioning system中央空调系统central air conditioning system高速诱导式空调系统high speed induction air conditioning system 半导体空调器semi-conductor air conditioner热泵式空调器heat-pump air conditioner窗式空调器window-type air conditioner毛发式气动湿度控制器pneumatic hair humidity controller风管air pipe出风栅outlet grid再加热盘管reheating coil空气干燥室air drying chamber顶式布风器top ventilator进风栅inlet grid挡水曲板curve flap翅片管tuberculat pipe散热盘管radiator coil tube挡板baffle翅状散热片fin波形散热片gill单风管系统single duct system双风管系统twin duct system分区加热器zone heater终端加热器terminal-heater压力通风plenum第3部分燃，滑油系统及油参数Fuel System ,Lubricating System &Oil Properties燃油系统fuel oil system双层底油舱double bottom fuel tank粗滤器strainer细滤器filter双联细滤器dual oil filter(duplex oil filter)燃油驳运泵fuel transfer pump沉淀柜settling tank分油机oil separator滑油柜/日用油柜lubricating oil tank\daily service tank加热器heater增压泵booster pump三通阀three way valve集油井oil head tank (oil header,oil collector buffer tank ,balance tank) 高压油泵（燃油喷射泵)fuel injection pump油孔式喷油泵（柱塞式油泵，plunger type fuel injection pump布式油泵）(Bosch fuel injection pump)回油孔fuel return hole进油孔fuel inlet hole柱塞（芯子）plunger柱塞套筒（柱塞导管）plunger guide bush(plunger barrel,plunger load)调节齿杆（调节齿条）control rack(toothed control rod)调节齿圈（调节齿套）control sleeve(control pinion)排油阀fuel delivery valve回油阀式高压油泵spill valve type fuel injection pump进油阀suction valve (spill valve,blowthrough valve)油量调节机构fuel relgulation linkage油泵行程调节杆regulating lever for pump stoke油压调节阀fuel pressure regulating valve保压阀pressure retaining valve高压油管high pressure fuel pipe喷油器fuel injector,fuel valve,fuel injection valve 喷油器壳体fuel injector holder(fuel injector housing) 喷油嘴injectin nozzle(nozzle)针阀needle valve针阀顶杆spindle溢流管overflow pipe蒸汽加热器steam heater蒸汽加热管steam heating pipe蒸汽加热盘管steam heating coil润滑系统lubricating system干油底壳式润滑dry oil sump type lubrication湿油底壳式润滑wet oil sump type lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication中压（低压）润滑系统medium pressure lubrication system(low pressure lubrication system)气缸润滑cylinder lubrication轴承润滑bearing lubrication气缸注油器oil squirt(cylinder lubricator)吸油管suction duct(suction line)储油箱oil storage tank调节控制杆control lever for adjusting oil油孔oil orifice(oil hole)油道oil way(oil channel)油底壳oil sump(sump tank,crank bilge)污油柜oil sludge tank滑油循环柜circulating lube oil tank滑油粗滤器lube oil strainer滑油泵lube oil pump滑油冷却器lube oil cooler比重（相对密度）specific gravity (relative density)黏度viscosity发火质量ignition quality十六烷值cetane number柴油指数diesel index闪点（开口/闭口）flash point (open /closed)倾点pour point浊点cloud point凝点freezing point残碳值carbon residue灰份ash content水分water content硫分sulphur content热值calorific value机械杂质mechanical impurities油品等级grade of oil馏程distilling rang矾含量vanadium content铝含量alumminium content船用轻柴油marine gas oil (MGO)船用燃料油marine fuel oil(MFO)船用柴油marine diesel oil (MDO)中间燃料油internal fuel oil添加剂additive总酸值total acid number(TAN)强酸值strong acid number (SAN)总碱值total base number (TBN)沉淀物含量sediment抗氧化安定性oxidation resistance抗腐蚀性corrosion极压添加剂extreme pressure additive黏度指数viscosity index第4部分泵及其系统Pump &Pumping System船用泵marine pump立式泵vertical pump卧式泵horizontal pump单缸泵single cylinder pump双缸泵duplex pump单（双）作用泵single(double)-acting pump单级泵single-stage pump双级泵double-stage pump定量泵constant-delivery pump变量泵constant displacement pump(constant delivey pump) 自吸式泵self-priming pump非自吸式泵none-self priming pump容积式泵displacement pump轴流泵axial-flow pump离心泵centrifugal pump往复泵reciprocating pump活塞泵pistion pump柱塞泵plunger pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump轴向柱塞泵axial plunger pump回转泵rotary pump叶片泵vane pump单（双）作用叶片泵single(double)-acting pump齿轮泵gear pump水环泵water ring pump内（外）齿轮泵inside(outside)gearing pump螺杆泵screw pum液压泵hydraulic pump径流泵radial-flow pump旋涡泵volute pump喷射泵ejector pump蒸汽直接作用泵direct-acting steam driven pump 主机驱动泵min-engine-driven pump冷却水（油）泵cooling water(oil)pump给水泵feed pump备用给水泵donkey feed water pump卫生水泵sanitary pump出灰泵ash-ejecting pump压载水泵ballast pump污水泵sewage pump凝水泵condensate pump引水泵priming pump(primer pump)盐水泵brine pump淡水泵fresh water pump消防泵fire pump舱底水泵bilge pump循环泵circulating pump真空泵vacuum pump驳运泵transfer pump排污泵slusge pump变量泵variable output pump洗仓泵tank cleaning pump增压泵booster pump泵壳pump housing泵体pump body泵缸pump cylinder泵缸套pump line填料箱stuffing box吸入阀suction valve净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 系统水头损失system head loss泵浦特性曲线pump characteristic curve排出discharge (delivery)流道liquid path叶轮impeller (vane wheel)扩压管diffuser蜗壳volute管路pipe line旋塞（考克）cock止回阀non-return valve碟形阀butterfly valve闸板阀gate valve转阀rotary(rotating) valve滑阀slide (sliding)valve球形阀globe valve安全阀relief valve速闭阀quick closing valve (strip valve)集中引水系统central priming system (CPS)第5部分船用锅炉Mair Boiler火（水）管锅炉fire (water) tube boiler立（卧）式锅炉vertical (horizonatal)boiler直（横，弯，盘，指）管锅炉straight(cross,bent,coil,thimble)-tube boiler 废气锅炉exhaust boiler管式锅炉tubular boiler筒形锅炉cylindr boiler (shell type boiler)鼓筒形锅炉drum boiler燃油辅助锅炉oil-burning auxiliary boiler立式横烟管锅炉vertical fire tube boiler卧式三回程火管锅炉horizontal triple-pass fire tube boiler盘管式强制循环废气锅炉coil-tube forced-circulation exhaust boiler人孔门manhole door水包water drum水管联箱water header水冷壁water-cooled wall (water screen, water wall)上升管riser tube下降管down comer后水冷壁rear water wall tube侧水冷壁side water wall tube沸腾联箱steaming header沸水管boiling-water tube炉膛furnace (fire box)炉胆furnace flue炉排fire bar(fire grate)炉门fire door炉衣boiler clothing (boiler lagging)炉墙furnace wall耐火砖衬层fire-brick lining挡烟墙baffle wall给水阀feed water valve给水截止阀feed water stop valve给水止回阀feed water check valve汽鼓（汽锅筒）steam drum汽水分离器steam purifier (steam separator)内给水管intrnal feed pipe给水离子交换器feed water ion exchanger省煤器（经济器）economizer上部联管upper header下部联管lower header前部联管front header后部联管rear header进口分配联管inlet distributing header出口分配联管outlet distributing header水位表water level gauge玻璃水位表glass water level gauge低位水位表bottom water level gauge远距离水位显示计remote water level indicator水位计分支阀（通汽考克，通水考壳）water level root valve(steam cock,water cock) 光滑管plain tube带肋片的蛇形管coil tube with ribs水位调节器water level regulator低水位保险装置low-water level cut-off device危险水位报警器low-water level alarm热水井hot well热水循环泵hot water regulating pump水处理water treatment上排污阀surface blow-down valve底部排污阀bottom blow down valve上（下）部吹除阀surface(bottom) blow-off valve浮渣盘scum dish烟管smoke tube烟箱smoke chamber(smoke box)烟道smoke flue烟囱chimney(funnel)烟喉furnace uptake牵条stay牵条管stay tube支承管support tube波形管sinuflo tube麻花管swirlyflo tube吹灰器soot blower单层盘管single-layer tube燃烧器oil burner燃油预热器oil preheater雾化器burner atomize (sprayer)雾化片sprayer plate喷油嘴burner tip (nozzle)喷油嘴管架nozzle support喷油嘴体nozzle holder喷孔nozzle hole(nozzle orifice)旋涡室swirl chamber点火器igniter点火喷油嘴ignition nozzle点火变压器ignition transformer预燃室precombustion chamber调风器air register调风门air damper风门throttle (air intake flap)风门伺服器servomotor for throttle regulation 风口draught door风箱burner wind box风机blower手调风门hand regulating throttle空气调温器air attemperator空气扩散盘air diffuse disk导流器air director空气调节器air regulator (air register)强制通风机force draught fan火焰检测器flame detector火口fire hole(combustion head)比例操作器proportional ratio apparatus压力比例操作器pressure ratio regulator停汽阀steam stop valve集汽管steam receive蒸汽分配器steam distributor阻汽器steam trap过热器super-heater减热器desuper heater旋风汽水分离器cyclone steam separator除氧器deaerator第6部分液压甲板机械Hydraulic Deck Machinery液压泵hydraulic pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump中央阀center valve配油轴oil distribution shaft配油盘oil distribution disc配油套oil distribution sleeve配油口oil distribution port配油壳oil distribution casing配油阀oil distribution valve浮动环floating ring压力管pressure pipe伺服活塞srevo-pistion差动活塞differential pistion倾斜盘swash plate液压放大器hydraulic amplifier液压马达hydraulic motor高速小扭矩油马达high speed low torque oil motor齿轮式（叶片式，轴向柱塞式）油马达gear-type (vane-type,axial-plunger-type)oil motor 低速大扭矩油马达low speed high torque oil motor柱塞式油马达plunger-type oil motor径向柱塞式油马达radial-plunger-type oil motor单作用径向柱塞式油马达single-acting radial-plunger-type oil motor轴向双斜盘式油马达axial-double-tilting frame type oil motor液压油缸hydraulic oil cylinder单作用柱塞油缸single-acting plunger oil cylinder摆动油缸oscillating oil cylinder差动油缸differential oil cylinder转叶式油缸rotary-vane-type oil cylinder定叶fixed vane转叶rotary vane密封条sealing strip定子stator转子totor压力控制阀pressure control valve顺序阀sequence valve直控～direct-control valve单向～one-way valve(check valve)卸载～off-load valve遥控～telecontrolled valve液控～hydraulically controlled valve减压阀pressure-reducing valve定压～constant pressure valve定差～constant difference valve定比～constant ratio valve溢流阀overflow valve先导式～pilot valve直动式～direct-acting valve差动式～differential valve流量控制阀flow control valve节流阀throttle valve调速阀speed-regulating valve方向控制阀direction control valve直通式～straight one-way valve直角式～angle one way valve手动截止阀hand stop valve (hand cut-off valve)双路油压自锁阀double-circuit oil pressure self-closing valve换向阀change-over valve (change valve)电磁～electro-magnetic valve电液～electro-hydraulic valve转阀（滑阀）ritary valve (side valve)三位四通阀three-position four-way valve主阀main valve辅阀auxiliary valve先导阀pilot valve阻尼孔damper hole节流缝隙throttle slot舵机steering gear定量泵开式系统open oil system of the constant delivery pump变量泵闭式系统closed oil system of the variable delivery pump撞杆式舵机ram type steering gear转叶式舵机rotary vane type steering gear工况选择阀operating mode selector valve手动旁通阀hand by-pass valve反馈杆feed back rod自锁阀self-locking valve防浪阀storm valve舵rudder舵柱rudder post舵柄rudder tiller舵托（承）rudder carrier舵叶rudder blade舵杆rudder stock撞杆ram操纵系统control system机械杠杆反馈式追随机构follow-up system of the mechanical lever feedback type 应急手动操纵装置emergency hand control device浮动杆floating lever副杠杆auxiliary lever遥控操舵装置telemotor steering gear起货装置cargo handing gear起货绞车cargo winch回转起货机crane吊扬索（千斤索）topping lift吊货杆boom(derrick boom)吊臂jib(crane jib)吊臂止动器jib stopper机械制动器machanicalbrake防索松保护器slack wire protection变幅绞车luffing winch货物定位装置cargo psotler差动型限位开关differential limit switich旋转绞车slewing winch带式刹车band brake旋转底盘slewing rim起锚机windlass止链器cable stopper锚anchor锚链anchor chain(anchor cable,chain cable)锚链轮chain lifter(cable lifter,cable holder)锚链舱chain locker链轮止动器chain lifter brake离合器clutch绞盘capstan绞盘卷筒capstan barrel带缆卷筒warping drum锚链卷筒chain drum绞车卷筒winch barrel(winch drum ,winding barrel) 第7部分油水处理设备，轴系及推进器，造水机Oil Treatment,Oily Water Separator,Shafting &Propeller,Fresh Water Generator分油机oil separator离心分油机oil centrifuge分杂机clarifier分水机purifie造水机fresh water generator真空沸腾式造水机vacuum boiling type fresh-water genetator 真空闪发式造水机vacuum flash type fresh-water generator工作水operating water冲洗水flushing water配水盘paring disc活动底盘sliding bowl bottom滑动圈operating slide污渣出口sludge outlet分离筒separator bowl分离筒本体bowl body分离筒盖bowl hood分离筒转轴bowl spindle分离盘bowl discs机盖frame cap阻水环damp ring比重环gravity disc油水分离器oily water separator舱底水bilge锥形盘conical plates粗粒化coalesce放油阀oil drain valve检验旋塞check cock自动空气释放阀automatic air rlease valve除油阀oil rcovery valve (recovered oil valve)液位探测电极liquid level electronic probe除渣阀scum valve自动出油阀automatic oil outlet valve储油柜oil storage tank控制板control panel轴系shafting螺旋桨propeller传动轴transmission shaft中间轴intermeditate shaft (tunnel shaft)推力轴thrust shaft单环推力轴single collar thrust shaft艉轴tail shaft (tube shaft)可调螺距螺旋桨adjustable pitch propeller (variable pitch propeller,controllable pitch propeller)定距桨constant pitch propeller固定桨叶螺旋桨fixed-blade propeller艏部螺旋桨bow propeller横向推理器transverse propeller左（右）螺旋桨left(right)handed propeller推力轴承thrust block推力块thrust pad推力环thrust collar刮油器scraper挡油圈oil deflector油位显示器oil level indicator单环推力轴承（密歇尔推力轴承）Michell thrust bearing(single collar(thrust)bearing)支撑轴承（中间轴轴承)tunnel bearing(intermediate shaft bearing)艉轴管轴承sterntube bearing (stern bearing)铁梨木轴承lignumvitae bearing水润滑轴承water-lubricated bearing白合金轴承white metal bearing桨叶propeller blade空泡cavitation螺旋桨空泡propeller-cavitation压力面空泡pressure-face cavitation(face cavitation) 吸力面空泡suction-face cavitation导边空泡leading edge cavitation蒸发器evaporator加热器heater冷凝器condenser挡水器demiser抽气喷射器air ejector凝水泵distillate pump盐水泵brine pump闪发室flash chamber盐度计salinity indicator第8部分交流发电机及配电板Alternating Current Generator& Switchboard 交流发电机altemator直流发电机dynamo发电机generator电磁式发电机electro-magnetic generator励磁场线圈magnetic field coil自励self-excited串励serise-wound并励shunt-wound复励compound-wound定子stator转子rotor电刷electric brush灭弧罩arc shield原动机prime motor配电箱distribution board主配电板main switch board区域配电板section board汇流排bus bar配电板load-dispatching board(switch board)频率fequency相位phase同相in phase同步指示器synchroscope自动电压调节器automatic voltage regulator (AVR)自动分载装置automatic load-sharing device自动调频调载器automatic frequency and load regulator 发电机屏genertor pnel试验板test board供电网supply network岸电接线箱shore connection box脱扣装置trip device保护装置protection device欠压装置under-voltage protection失压装置no-voltage protection过载保护over-load protection过流保护over-current protection逆功率保护reverse power protection缺相保护open-phase protection短路电流保护short circuit current protection操纵平台control platform开关switch过载开关overload switch双刀开关double pole switch限位开关limit switch断路器breaker断流器cut-out自动断路器automatic circuit breaker过载断路器over load circuit breaker空气断路器air circuit breaker整流器rectifier变压器transformer耦合变压器couple transformer放大器amplifier换向器commutator起动器stater继电器relay电抗器reactor电阻器resisor电容器condenser (capacitor)接触器contactor接线盒connection box并车操作parallel operation电流表ammeter电压表voltmeter功率表wattmeter频率表frequency meter并车开关paralleling switch电动机motor三相电动机three-phase motor同步感应电动机synchronous induction motor异步电动机asynchronous motor鼠笼式电动机squirrel cage motor第9部分法规及消防设备Watchkeeping,International Convention &Fire FightingSTCW 公约《1978年海员international convention on standards of training,培训，发证和值班标准certification and watchkeeping for seafarers 1978国际公约》值班watchkeeping值班人员watchkeeper (watchkeeping personnel)航行值班underway watch接班人员relief定员rating任职资格qualification值班要求watch requirements对职责的适应fitness for duty职责范围areas of responsibility日常调节routine adjustment逃生路线escape routes驾驶台命令bridge order轮机日志engine room log book无人机舱un-attended machinery space (UMS)(unmanned machinery space)国际公约international convention国际海事组织international maritime organization (IMO)海事委员会maritime commission()MARPOL公约《1973年防止international convention for the prevention of pollution船舶污染国际公约》（1978年修正）from ships 1973 (as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating therto)SOLAS公约《国际海上人命安全公约》international convention for the safety of life at sea油类记录簿oil record book国际防止污染证书(IOPP)international oil pollution prevention certificate原油洗舱(COW) crude oil washing system惰性气体系统(IGS) inert gas system专用压载舱(SBT) segregated ballast tanks清洁压载舱(CBT) clean ballast tanks排油监控系统oil discharge monitoring and control system焚烧炉incinerator散装有害液体货物记录簿cargo record book for ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk 国际散装有害液体运输防污证书international pollution prevention certificate for the carriage of noxious liquid substances in bulk客船安全证书passenger ship safety certificate货船无线电安全证书cargo ship safety radio certificate货船结构安全证书cargo ship safety construction certificate货船设备安全证书cargo ship safety equipment certificate中国船级社china classification society(CCS)中华人民共和国船舶检验局the register of shipping of the people's republic of china (ZC)定期检验periodical survey更新检验renewal survey年检annual survey中间检验intermediate survey火警探测器fire detector感烟探测器smoke detector火焰探测器flame detector感温探测器heat detector烟管警报系统smoke pipe fire alarm system 蜂鸣器buzzer警铃alarm bell警报器howler灭火剂extinguishant灭火设备fire fighting equipment固定灭火设备fixed fire fighting equipment 便携式灭火器portable extinguisher碳酸钠与酸混和灭火器soda-acid extinguisher泡沫式灭火器foam extinguisher化学泡沫式灭火器chemical foam extinguisher 机械泡沫式灭火器mechanical foam extinguisher 二氧化碳灭火器carbon-dioxide extinguisher 干粉灭火器dry powder extinguisher插销plunger钢瓶steel container喷嘴nozzle把手handle排出管discharge hose触发开关trigger control喇叭状喷管horn固定灭火装置fixed fire fighting installation 救火泵fire pump应急救火泵emergency fire pump增压泵booster pump消防栓hydrant皮龙管hosepipe(hose)快速扣合接头snap-in connector喷头sprinkler head (sprayer)泡沫发生器foam generator惰性气体发生器insert gas generator消防部署fire fighting strategy消防演习fire fighting drills呼吸面具breathing apparatus卤化烃系统halon system卤化烃1301 halon 1301(BTM)卤化烃1211 halon 1211(BCF)第10 部分维修常用词汇Useful Expressions in Repair ListA. 故障Troubles发现已无法修复found beyond repir发现尺寸过大found over-sized发现反应缓慢found slow function发现不正常found out of order发现不合标准found not up to standard发现不准确found inaccurate发现失效found ineffective发现失去作用found out of function发现咬住found seized发现冻结found stuck fast by icing发现过热found over heated发现过度磨损found excessive wear(found worn out;found worn away) 发现有一点倾斜found a little bit inclined发现因过热而毁坏found destroyed by over heating发现龟裂found chapped发现塌陷found collapaed发现运转失灵found out of operation发现呈椭圆形found oval发现拉痕found scored发现拉毛面积found scuffed about XX in area发现变形found deformed发现变形超过xx mm found deformed over a length of XX MM发现松动found loose发现油污found greasy发现赃污found dirty发现挤铅found squeezed发现弯曲found bent发现故障found faulty发现结霜found frosted发现损坏found damaged发现破裂成片found broken into pieces发现部分剥离found partly detached发现部分阻塞found partly blocked发现剧烈震动found violent vibration发现效率不高found low efficiency发现挠曲found twisted发现烧坏found burnt发现堵塞found choked发现断裂found fractured发现接地found earthed发现敲缸found knocking发现漏泄found leaking(leaky)发现熔化found melted away发现缩减约10mm found reduced about 10 mm发现在气缸内卡住found jammed up in the cylinder在某部位发现裂纹found cracked in way of如必要if necessary如发现必要if found chapped如发现有毛病any defectives if found一般要求General Requirements一式两份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein duplicate(two copies)一式三份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein triplicate(three copies)一式四份交轮机长to be handed over to C/E in quadruplicate送交轮机长to be sent to C/E(to be delivered to C/E;TO be submitted to C/E) 厂供to be supplied by yard以备检验to be prepared for survey用波浪键修补to be remedied by means of metallock用船上备件替换to be replaced with ship's spare用千斤顶提起to be jacked up出具证书certificates to be issued出具检验报告survey report to be issued充to be charged充以二氧化碳气体to be filled with co2 gas运至to be transported to取消to be cancelled供应to be provided供验船师检验to be presented for surveyor's inspection所有钢瓶测试all bottles to be calibrated所有钢瓶称重all bottles to be weighted制造并供应to be made and supplied按现有的制作并安装to be fabricated and installed according to the existing one除霜to be defrosted砌to be paved重充氟里昂12 to be refilled with freon 12重充水银ti be recharged with marcury送至to be removed to(to be sent to;to be transferred to )送车间修理to be sent to work shop for repaira退回船上作备用to be returned to ship as spare绘制图纸交船srawing to be made and sumitted to ship按要求修理to be repaired as required按302项处理treated as item 302换新to be renewed消除eliminated修理时用盲板封口blinded during repair移至to beshifted to船供to be supplied by ship提供作备件用to be supplied as spare。

唯医FM 髋关节撞击综合症的诊治要点

唯医FM 髋关节撞击综合症的诊治要点唯医FM全新升级，强势来袭！本期唯医FM将为您陆续放送美国骨科医师协会（AAOS）精编教程性书籍《AAOS Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care5th》。

中国医师协会骨科医师分会（CAOS）已获授权出版中文版书籍，并已组织国内多个著名医院的医生完成了全文翻译，纸质版即将刊印，电子英文原版也会陆续在唯医网发布。

欢迎老师们登陆唯医网进行学习。

本期为大家放送教程节选内容：髋关节撞击综合症。

长按二维码查看完整译文一同义词股骨髋臼撞击综合症Femoral acetabular impingement (FAI)二定义髋关节撞击综合症，又称股骨髋臼撞击综合症，是由于髋臼缘与股骨头颈连接部骨质形态异常，在髋关节过度活动时两者不断的发生接触、碰撞，导致髋臼盂唇及软骨损伤。

有研究显示，微小的骨质结构异常导致持续不断的微小创伤，逐渐发展为盂唇的撕裂。

Hip impingement, or femoral acetabular impingement (FAI), occurs when areas of osseous deformities on the acetabular rim, the femoral head-neck junction, or both abut at extremes of hip motion and cause injury to the acetabular labrum and and cartilage. Studies havedemonstrated that most labral tears occur after repetitive microtrauma as a result of these subtle structural deformities.三临床表现髋关节撞击综合症多见于运动爱好者，从青少年到中年均可发病。

高炉炼铁用设备材料词汇中英文翻译对照表

区域A （For Area A）Sector 段CISDI Code Description 名称English 英文CISDI代码AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF GGG H 高炉本体热风炉软水回路出铁场水渣系统煤气清洗系统原料贮运系统电气自动化和仪表－公用部分Blast Furnace ProperHot StoveSoft Water CircuitCast HouseSlag Granulation SystemGas Cleaning SystemRaw Material Handling SystemElectrical Automation&Instrumentation-CommonIJK CI PCI Pulverized Coal InjectionLLLMMMNNNOOOPPPQQQZ EA 富氧系统电讯和ITV系统空调系统消防及火灾报警系统土建和钢结构厂房公辅和操作支持系统概述区域D （For Area D）Oxygen Enrichment SystemCommunication & ITV SystemAir Conditioning SystemFire Fighting & DetectionSystemCivil& Metallic StructuresBuildingUtilities& Operation SupportSystemGeneralB RT TRT 系统Turbine Recovery TopK IW高炉净环水处理厂Indirect Water Treatment Plant区域A （For Area A）A-高炉本体.....................................................................................................................BF Proper1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.安全水塔出水管手动阀...........................manual valve for outlet pipe of safety water tower 安全水塔出水管止回阀.............................check valve for outlet pipe of safety water tower 安全水塔气动阀......................................................pneumatic valve for safety water tower 安全水塔手动阀...........................................................manual valve for safety water tower 泵出口电动阀..................................................................motorized valve at outlet of pump 泵出口伸缩节...................................................................retractable joint at outlet of pump 泵出口手动阀......................................................................manual valve at outlet of pump 泵出口止回阀.........................................................................check valve at outlet of pump 泵进口手动阀.........................................................................manual valve at inlet of pump10. 便携式超声波流量计...............................................................portable ultrasonic flowmeter11. 变频电机，变频调速电机..................................................................................VVVF motor12. 并罐无料钟炉顶........................................................................parallel-hopper bell-less top13. 波纹补偿器.........................................................................................bellows compensator14. 波纹管......................................................................................................................bellows15. 补水电动阀....................................................................motorized valve for water make-up16. 补水手动阀........................................................................manual valve for water make-up17. 不锈钢手动球阀..............................................................manual stainless steel ball valve18. 布料溜槽...................................................................................................distribution chute19. 超微孔炭砖.....................................................................super micro-porous carbon blocks20. 超越冷却塔手动阀...............................................overriding manual valve for cooling tower21. 称量料罐....................................................................................................weighing hopper22. 齿轮箱....................................................................................................................gear Box23. 出铁口......................................................................................................................taphole24. 除尘器氮气吹扫阀..................................................................N2purging valve for deduster25. 除尘器蒸汽吹扫阀............................................................steam purging valve for deduster26. 传动齿轮箱.........................................................................................transmission gearbox27. 大炭砖............................................................................................................carbon blocks28. 单轨小车...........................................................................................................monorail car29. 氮化硅结合碳化硅砖...................................................................................Si3N4-SiC brick30. 倒流休风管...................................................................................................back draft pipe31. 捣打料......................................................................................................ramming material32. 电动蝶阀........................................................................................motorized butterfly valve33. 斗式提升机...................................................................................................pocket elevator34. 二冷.........................................................................................................secondary cooling35. 防水耐火泥浆....................................................................................water-proof fire mortar36. 风口............................................................................................................................tuyere37. 风口大套..........................................................................................................tuyere holder38. 风口小套.....................................................................................................................tuyere39. 风口中套..........................................................................................................tuyere cooler40. 风口组合砖.................................................................................................tuyere assembly41. 刚玉质泥浆................................................................................................corundum mortar42. 刚玉砖..........................................................................................................corundum brick43. 高架蓄水池..............................................................................................elevated reservoir44. 高炉低压供水泵.................................................................low-pressure water pump for BF45. 高炉高压柴油机供水泵..........................................diesel pump for BF high-pressure water46. 高炉高压供水泵..........................................................................high pressure water pump47. 高炉回水提升泵..................................................................lifting pump for BF return water48. 高炉软水二冷水供水泵................secondary cooling water pump for BF soft water system49. 工业循环水..............................................................................industrial recirculating water50. 供水和回水主管....................................................................water supply and return mains51. 管道过滤器............................................................................................................pipe filter52. 光面冷却壁.............................................................................................................flat stave53. 滑轮............................................................................................................................pulley54. 缓冲耐火泥浆..................................................................................amortization fire mortar55. 灰铸铁冷却壁........................................................................................gray cast iron stave56. 回声探测器...................................................................................................sound detector57. 加速仪...........................................................................................................accelerometer58. 间接循环水冷却塔................................................indirect recirculating water cooling tower59. 浇注料.....................................................................................................................castable60. 接受罐............................................................................................................receiving tank61. 截止阀...............................................................................................................check valve62. 金属软管.............................................................................................................metal hose63. 进冷却塔手动阀............................................................manual valve for cooling tower inlet64. 净环水........................................................................................indirect recirculating water65. 卷扬机................................................................................................................hoist winch66. 客货两用电梯.........................................................cargo-passenger dual-purpose elevator67. 雷达式探尺...................................................................................................radar stock rod68. 冷却壁..........................................................................................................................stave69. 冷却壁设备配置......................................................................................stave configuration70. 冷却壁镶砖................................................................................................stave Inlaid brick71. 冷却循环泵....................................................................................cooling circulating pump72. 冷水池........................................................................................................cold water basin73. （高炉）利用系数....................................................................................productivity of BF74. 炉底.....................................................................................................................BF bottom75. 炉底保护砖............................................................................protection brick for BF bottom76. 炉底冷却设备...................................................................cooling equipment for BF bottom77. 炉底铺设梁及水冷管....................................................beam and water pipe for BF bottom78. 炉底水冷管........................................................................................................bottom Pipe79. 炉顶氮气吹扫阀..............................................................................BF top N2purging valve80. 炉顶结构.....................................................................................................BF top structure81. 炉顶均排压设备.......................................BF top pressure equalizing and relief equipment82. 炉顶框架..........................................................................................................BF top tower83. 炉顶喷水................................................................................................BF top water spray84. 炉顶平台......................................................................................................BF top platform85. 炉顶人孔.....................................................................................................BF top manhole86. 炉顶洒水装置.................................................................................BF top sprinkling device87. 炉顶探尺....................................................................................................BF top stock rod88. 炉顶外封罩........................................................................................................BF top cone89. 炉顶循环水系统.........................................................recirculating water system for BF top90. 炉顶液压站和润滑站................................hydraulic station and greasing station for BF top91. 炉顶蒸汽吹扫阀...................................................................steam purging valve for BF top92. 炉腹..............................................................................................................................bosh93. 炉腹用铝炭砖.....................................................................aluminum-carbon brick for bosh94. 炉缸............................................................................................................................hearth95. 炉喉.............................................................................................................................throat96. 炉喉保护板...................................................................................BF throat protection plate97. 炉喉钢砖.....................................................................................................BF throat armor98. 炉喉冷却壁........................................................................................................throat stave99. 炉身..............................................................................................................................shaft 100. 炉体框架..........................................................................................................proper tower 101. 炉体冷却壁.................................................................................................BF proper stave 102. 炉体冷却水系统.................................................................BF proper cooling water system 103. 炉体清灰管......................................................................dust removing pipe for BF proper 104. 炉腰..............................................................................................................................belly 105. 铝炭砖泥浆......................................................................mortar for aluminum-carbon brick 106. 埋刮板输送机......................................................................................en masse conveyor 107. 煤气封罩.................................................................................................................top cone 108. 煤气上升管........................................................................................................gas uptakes 109. 耐热混凝土.......................................................................................heat resistant concrete 110. 逆向给料溜槽.......................................................................................reversing feed chute 111. 排气筒............................................................................................................exhaust stack 112. 排污电动阀..............................................................................motorized valve for drainage 113. 排污手动阀..................................................................................manual valve for drainage 114. 球阀.......................................................................................................................ball valve 115. 全厂工业水管网.............................................................plant industrial water pipe network 116. 热风阀..........................................................................................................Hot Blast Valve 117. 热风炉蒸汽吹扫阀.....................................................................steam purging valve for HS118. 热风围管吊挂...........................................................................hot blast bustle pipe hanger 119. 热水池..........................................................................................................hot water basin 120. 热水提升泵.........................................................................................hot water lifting pump 121. 上部炉身.............................................................................................................upper shaft 122. 上料主皮带机通廊.........................................................corridor of main charging conveyor 123. 十字测温................................................................................cross temperature measuring 124. 十字测温装置............................................................................cross temperature detector 125. 石墨碳砖............................................................................................graphite carbon block 126. 手动蝶阀............................................................................................manual butterfly valve 127. 手动阀.............................................................................................................manual valve 128. 死铁层深度..........................................................................................depth of salamander 129. 送风支管...........................................................................................................tuyere stock 130. 送风支管内模.......................................................................internal mould for tuyere stock 131. 炭素胶泥..........................................................................................mortar for carbon block 132. 炭素填料.........................................................................................carbon stuffing material 133. 碳化硅捣打料.....................................................................................SiC ramming material 134. 碳化硅耐火泥浆..................................................................silicon carbide fire-proof mortar 135. 铁口框...............................................................................................................notch frame 136. 铜冷却壁..........................................................................................................copper stave 137. 铜冷却壁喷涂料...............................................................guniting material for copper stave 138. 脱气罐..........................................................................................................degassing tank 139. 万向波纹管....................................................................................universal expansion joint 140. 微孔碳砖..................................................................................micro-porous carbon blocks 141. 无料钟炉顶........................................................................................................bell-less top 142. 无水压入泥浆..............................................................................water free press-in mortar 143. 下部排料装置...........................................................................bottom discharging facilities 144. 镶砖铸铁冷却壁...................................................................................inlaid cast iron stave 145. 循环水系统.....................................................................................circulation water system 146. 仪表罐..........................................................................................................instrument tank 147. 移动受料斗..................................................................................movable receiving hopper149. 粘土质泥浆..........................................................................................mortar of clay quality 150. 直接冷却水............................................................................................direct cooling water 151. 中心空心喉管.......................................................................................central hollow throat 152. 贮灰斗..................................................................................................dust storage hopper 153. 铸铁冷却壁....................................................................................................cast iron stave 154. 自流浇注料...............................................................................................self-flow castable1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.充压阀.....................................................................................................pressurizing valve 倒流休风阀..................................................................................................back draft valve 低蠕变高铝砖.....................................................................low creeping high alumina brick 低蠕变粘土砖...................................................................................low creeping clay brick 发泡苯乙烯.................................................................................................vesicant styrene 反弹率.............................................................................................................rebound ratio 放风阀................................................................................................................snort Valve 风机房起重用手动小车.................................................manual trolley for lifting in fan room 风机房起重用手拉葫芦...................................................manual hoist for lifting in fan room10. 复合莫来石砖pound mullite brick11. 钢结构件...............................................................................................steel structure parts12. 高铝质泥浆...........................................................................................high alumina mortar13. 高铝质漂珠隔热砖...................................................................high-alumina insulation brick14. 格子砖.............................................................................................................checker brick15. 隔热板.........................................................................................................insulation board16. 更换热风阀用起重机..............................................crane for replacement of hot blast valve17. 拱顶砖.................................................................................................................dome brick18. 管道锚固件..........................................................................................anchor part for pipes19. 管道砖...................................................................................................................pipe brick20. 硅质泥浆...........................................................................................................silica mortar21. 硅砖...................................................................................................................silicon brick22. 红砖....................................................................................................................(clay)brick23. 混风管........................................................................................................mixed blast pipe24. 混风切断阀..............................................................................shutoff valve for mixed blast25. 混合煤气切断阀.........................................................................................MG shutoff valve26. 混合煤气燃烧阀.................................................................................MG combustion valve27. 混合煤气支管眼镜阀..................................................................................MG goggle valve28. 浇注料...................................................................................................................castables29. 堇青石砖.......................................................................................................cordierite brick30. 聚轻莫来石砖....................................................................................insulation mullite brick31. 冷风阀..........................................................................................................cold blast valve32. 冷风放风阀消声器.............................................................................silencer of snort valve33. 冷风支管...................................................................................................cold blast branch34. 冷风主管.......................................................................................................cold blast main35. 炉箅子及支柱.....................................................................grate and support column of HS36. 煤气放散阀...............................................................................................gas bleeder valve37. 煤气支管.............................................................................................................gas branch38. 煤气主管................................................................................................................gas main39. 煤气主管................................................................................................................gas main40. 煤气总管阀...................................................................................................gas main valve41. 煤气总管用盲板.......................................................................blind plate for gas pipe main42. 排压阀................................................................................................(pressure)relief valve43. 喷涂料........................................................................................................guniting material44. 墙砖.......................................................................................................................wall brick45. 轻质泥浆....................................................................................................insulation mortar46. 燃烧煤气放散阀...............................................................bleeder valve for combustion gas47. 燃烧器砖............................................................................................................burner brick48. 热风阀...........................................................................................................hot blast valve49. 热风炉...........................................................................................................hot stove (HS)50. 热风炉本体...........................................................................................................HS proper51. 热风炉隔墙砌体用不锈钢板..................................stainless steel plate for HS partition wall52. 热风炉混风装置................................................................................HS blast mixing facility53. 热风炉壳内侧耐酸喷涂料.............................acid resistant coating at inner side of HS shell54. 热风炉燃烧器钢桥.......................................................................steel bridge for HS burner55. 热风炉润滑站及配管.........................................................HS lubrication station and piping56. 热风炉小阀门................................................................................................HS small valve57. 热风炉液压站及配管...........................................................HS hydraulic station and piping58. 热风支管.....................................................................................................hot blast branch59. 热风主管........................................................................................................hot blast main60. 热风总管........................................................................................................hot blast main61. 砂浆...........................................................................................................................mortar62. 伸缩管......................................................................................................................bellows63. 碳化硅填料...........................................................................................SiC stuffing material64. 纤维棉................................................................................................................fiber cotton65. 纤维毯.....................................................................................................................fiber felt66. 烟道................................................................................................................................flue67. 烟道阀...................................................................................................................flue valve68. 烟道支管.............................................................................................................flue branch69. 烟道主管................................................................................................................flue main70. 烟道总管................................................................................................................flue main71. 油纸........................................................................................................................oil paper72. 粘土质泥浆..............................................................................................clay quality mortar73. 粘土质漂珠隔热砖......................................................................clay quality insulation brick74. 致密粘土砖pact clay brick75. 助燃风机出口逆止阀...................................................outlet check valve of combustion fan76. 助燃风机及附件bustion fan and its auxiliaries77. 助燃空气bustion air78. 助燃空气放散阀.................................................................bleeder valve for combustion air79. 助燃空气旁通管bustion air bypass pipe80. 助燃空气燃烧阀bustion air valve81. 助燃空气支管bustion air branch82. 助燃空气主管bustion air main83. 助燃空气总管bustion air main。

新能源电动汽车英文翻译

湖北文理学院毕业设计(论文)英文翻译题目在采用PWM逆变器下的变速感应电机驱动器中的传导性排放轴承电流的减少和鉴定专业机械设计制造及其自动化班级机制0911姓名杨成杰学号2009116140指导教师职称周立文（学校）冯南（企业）2013年5月10日┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊Minimization and identification of conducted emission bearing current in variable speed induction motor drives using PWM inverterAbstract. The recent increase in the use of speed control of ac induction motor for variable speed drive using pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter is due to the advent of modern power electronic devices and introduction of microprocessors. There are many advantages of using ac induction motor for speed control applications in process and aerospace industries, but due to fast switching of the modem power electronic devices，the parasitic coupling produces undesirable effects. The undesirable effects include radiated and conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) which adversely affect nearby computers, electronic/electrical instruments and give rise to the flow of bearing current in the induction motor. Due to the flow of bearing current in the induction motor，electrical discharge machining takes place in the inner race of the bearing which reduces the life of the bearing. In high power converters and inverters, the conducted and radiated emissions become a major concern. In this paper, identification of bearing current due to conducted emission, the measurement of bearing current in a modified induction motor and to minimize the bearing current are discussed. The standard current probe, the standard line impedance stabilization network (LISN)), the electronics interface circuits are used to measure high frequency common mode current，bearing current and to minimize the conducted noise from the system. The LISN will prevent the EMI noise entering the system from the supply source by conductive methods, at the same time prevents the EMI generated if any due to PWM, fast switching in the system, will not be allowed to enter the supply line. For comparing the results with Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and Special Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) standards, the graphs are plotted with frequency Vs，line voltage in dB μV，common mode voltage in dB μV and the bearing current in dBμA without and with minimizing circuits.Keywords. EMI;a.c.drives; bearing current.┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊1.IntroductionWith the development of power electronic devices like the insulated gate bi-polar transistor (IGBT), the power MOSFET and the advances in microprocessors, the ac induction motor is becoming popular in variable speed drives with PWM inverter circuits. Since the rise time and fall time of the IGBT are less than 200 nanoseconds, the dissipation loss across the device becomes very less and there by increases the performance of the circuit. However, due to the fast switching action of the device the dw/dt of the inverter output becomes large. This high dw/dX voltage transition coupled with parasitic stray capacitance in the system causes high frequency line to ground current or common mode current and hence bearing current; introducing large EMI in the system.In figure 1，Ilg (the magnitude of ground current) depends on the cable capacitance, machine capacitance，parasitic capacitance of the devices, the output voltage rise time (tr ise) and the system voltage, V oltage gets induced in the rotor shaft of the induction motor due to fast switching. This induced voltage generates circulating current and flows to the ground through the bearing resulting in an electrical discharge machining (EDM) action at the inner race of the bearing.Due to the EDM, the life of the bearing reduces. The common mode voltage Vng (figure 1) can be measured from the star point of the stator winding of the induction motor (IM) or connected node of three 1MO resistors to the ground in case of the IM connected in delta. The reasons for common mode voltage generation are already discussed.It is noted that the sum of sinusoidal balanced phase voltages in a 3-phase IM at the star point is equal to zero. Therefore,Vng=(Van+Vbn+Vcn)/3 ⑴Common mode current=Cdν/dt⑵┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊Where ‘C’ is the total capacitance of the system and V an,V bn and V cn are the voltages between the respective phases and the star point in the stator winding2.Existing conducted emission, bearing current identification and measurement methodsV arious methods have been proposed to reduce the conducted emission common mode voltage and the measurement of bearing current. An output reactor connected to the inverter out put reduces the dv/dt of the inverter output voltage, which in turn reduces the common mode voltage at the star point of the IM and the flow of bearing current. Wious configurations of L-C filter have been reported. The inductance ‘L，and capacitance ‘C’ are designed according to the permitted insertion loss for the given power rating of the inverter. The draw back of the filter method is the voltage drop across the filter.In the passive filter method, the transformer secondary should be isolated for its successful operation and this is not possible in many process/engineering industries. An active common noise canceller has been tried to eliminate the conducted emission common mode voltage produced by the PWM inverter. The active common noise canceller superimposes a compensating voltage applied at the star point. This has the same amplitude as the common mode voltage produced by the PWM inverter but has opposite polarity; hence the common mode voltage applied to the load is cancelled completely. However, this method is suitable only for low voltage/power applications due to the resistive current sensor.Julian proposed a filter circuit for reducing the common mode voltage.This filter circuit is based on current sensing and it operates a fast transistor amplifier for the current compensation. Significant attenuation of the common mode voltage occurs.The method presented in this paper is different from earlier methods. Here,the phase current is sensed by the individual current transformer (CT) and is suitable for any voltage level. Since the CT is used for sensing the phase current there is no voltage drop in the sensor there by there is no reduction of terminal voltage applied to the IM.In tiidr circuit, the primary winding of the transformer is connected in series in each of the phases. Since the circuit uses the transformer, there is voltage drop due to the phase current of the IM, hence the terminal voltage applied to the IM gets reduced. The circuit is also used to reduce the common mode voltage and the common mode current at the star point of the IM. But this circuit is useful for the low voltage and low power applications.In the present work,the standard LISN,the standard current probes are used and the results are compared without and with the common mode voltage reduction circuits for the PWM inverter used for variable speed ac IM drives.┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊Julian proposed a filter circuit for reducing the common mode voltage.This filter circuit is based on current sensing and it operates a fast transistor amplifier for the current compensation. Significant attenuation of the common mode voltage occurs.The method presented in this paper is different from earlier methods. Here，the phase current is sensed by the individual current transformer (CT) and is suitable for any voltage level. Since the CT is used for sensing the phase current there is no voltage drop in the sensor there by there is no reduction of terminal voltage applied to the IM.In tiidr circuit，the primary winding of the transformer is connected in series in each of the phases. Since the circuit uses the transformer, there is voltage drop due to the phase current of the IM, hence the terminal voltage applied to the IM gets reduced. The circuit is also used to reduce the common mode voltage and the common mode current at the star point of the IM. But this circuit is useful for the low voltage and low power applications.In the present work,the standard LISN,the standard current probes are used and the results are compared without and with the common mode voltage reduction circuits for the PWM inverter used for variable speed ac IM drives.┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊在采用PWM逆变器下的变速感应电机驱动器中的传导性排放轴承电流的减少和鉴定摘要由于现代电力电子器件的出现和微处理器的采用，交流异步电机的速度控制被广泛应用了,这种使用用于使用PWM逆变器的变速驱动器中。

工程热力学10 Reaction rate theories

is the average velocity(not the average relative velocity)
Thus the 1-1 collision frequency for a give molecule is:
The total number of 1-1 collision per unit volume per unit time is:
10 Reaction rate theories
Chemical kinetics govern the rate which chemical species are created or destroyed via reactions.
Rates are determined by the concentrations of the chemical species involved in the reaction and an experimentally determined rate coefficient k.
Section 10.2: Both can lead to a simple collision theory expression for the reaction rate constant k.
Section 10.3: Transition-state theory is derived.
The number of collisions per unit time is:
Based on a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of collision velocities, the average collision frequency:
The average collision frequency of a type 2 molecule with type 1 molecules is:

基于小波阈值和ACMD的滚动轴承瞬时转频估计

第34卷第2期石家庄铁道大学学报(自然科学版)Vol.34No2 2021年6月Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University(Natural Science Edition)j un.2o21基于小波阈值和ACMD的滚动轴承瞬时转频估计路飞宇s胡鑫磊1,刘素艳12,马增强12((.石家庄铁道大学电气与电子工程学院，河北石家庄050043;(2.石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室，河北石家庄050043)摘要：针对变转速工况下滚动轴承瞬时转频估计精度受噪声影响大的问题，提出一种基于小波阈值和自适应chirp模式分解(ACMD)的转频估计方法。

该方法首先利用小波阈值对原始信号做降噪处理，然后对降噪后的信号做ACMD#得到高时频分辨率时频谱，最后利用峰值搜索算法从时频图中估计瞬时转频。

通过对轴承仿真信号和实测信号的分析，证明了该方法能准确估计出瞬时转频，同时增强了噪声鲁棒性，为后续变工况轴承无转速计诊断工作奠定了基袖。

关键词：小波阈值；瞬时转频；抗噪性；ACMD中图分类号：TH133.33文献标志码:A文章编号：2095-0373(2021)02-0046-06变转速工况下滚动轴承故障诊断一直是难点，而诊断成功的关键在于获取精确的瞬时转频可以说，瞬时转频是滚动轴承故障诊断成功的基础参数，是实现无转速计故障诊断的重要前提。

因此，对滚动轴承瞬时转频估计具有重要意义。

当前对于瞬时转频估计的方法主要是基于时频谱分析来实现的，如郭瑜等⑵将短时傅里叶变换(STFT)和峰值搜索相结合，实现了电机的转频估计。

程卫东等囚利用线调频小波路径跟踪提取轴承瞬时转频(Wang et al4*对变转速振动信号做经验模态分解(EMD)变换，估计出瞬时频率，但EMD本身的模态混叠问题使得最终估计精度不高。

自适应chirp模式分解(ACMD)是一种基于变分模态分解(VMD)框架的非平稳信号处理方法囚，解决了VMD处理频率重叠的多分量信号效果不佳的问题，并且无需提前设定信号模态数，提高了时频分辨率［6］…近几年，ACMD在变工况旋转机械故障诊断领域得到了一定的应用［78］，可以有效地提取多分量信号成分，准确地呈现信号内部频率与时间的关系，在瞬时频率估计上有很好的应用价值凹，然而，由于轴承运行环境中时常存在强噪声，单独的ACMD算法处理滚动轴承振动信号具有明显抗噪性不足的现象。

小学上册第七次英语第6单元期末试卷

小学上册英语第6单元期末试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What do we call the colors red, blue, and yellow?A. Primary colorsB. Secondary colorsC. Tertiary colorsD. Complementary colorsA2.I have a new ________ for school.3. A mixture that has a variable composition is called a _______ mixture.4.I see a ________ in the garden.5.How many seasons are there in a year?A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5C6.What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?A. 50B. 75C. 100D. 125C 1007.What is the capital of Mongolia?A. UlaanbaatarB. ErdenetC. DarkhanD. KhövsgölA Ulaanbaatar8.The country known for its unique culture is ________ (印度).9.I have a toy _______ that can change colors.10.Chemical reactions can be affected by _____, concentration, and surface area.11.The chemical formula for potassium sulfite is _______.12.What is the name of the largest moon of Neptune?A. TritonB. EuropaC. GanymedeD. Callisto13.The rabbit is ________ in the grass.14.I want to ________ (innovate) solutions.15. A baby dog is called a ______.16.I think it's important to ________ (锻炼) regularly.17.What do we call the event when the moon passes in front of the sun?A. Lunar EclipseB. Solar EclipseC. Full MoonD. New MoonB18.What is the name of the famous English poet known for sonnets?A. John KeatsB. William WordsworthC. William ShakespeareD. Robert FrostC19.I like to organize my ________ (玩具名称) by size.20.What is 2 + 2?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6B21.The __________ is a famous river in Europe. (多瑙河)22.My favorite subject is _______ (科学) because it is very _______ (有趣).23.The stars are ______ (bright) in the night sky.24.What is the term for a young goose?A. GoslingB. ChickC. DucklingD. NestlingA Gosling25.The bear climbs trees in search of _____ honey.26.The _______ (The Treaty of Ghent) ended the War of 1812.27.The ice cream truck is ______ (stopping) at the corner.28.ts can survive in ______ (沙漠). Some pla29.What is the name of the superhero who wears a cape and flies?A. BatmanB. Spider-ManC. SupermanD. Iron ManC30.The cheetah is built for _________. (速度)31.The __________ (古代波斯) was known for its great emperors.32.Cats like to chase ______ (老鼠) around the house.33.What do we call a large, round fruit that is typically orange?A. AppleB. BananaC. OrangeD. Grape34.We need to water the _____ (植物) regularly.35.The ______ is a type of plant that can survive in the desert.36.They are ___ (talking/listening) to music.37.What do you call a young bat?A. PupB. KitC. CubD. FawnA38.The _____ (温带雨林) hosts a variety of plant species.39.We visit the _____ (博物馆).40.What is the name of the famous ancient city in Greece?A. AthensB. SpartaC. MegaraD. CorinthA Athens41.He likes to _______ pictures.42.I can ______ (为) my family meals.43.My favorite season is ______ (夏天).44.What do we call the process of turning a caterpillar into a butterfly?A. MetamorphosisB. EvolutionC. TransformationD. GrowthA45.The __________ is a famous area known for its spices.46.The process of turning liquid into vapor is called ______.47.Which shape has three sides?A. SquareB. TriangleC. CircleD. Rectangle48.I saw a _____ (仙人掌) in the desert during my trip.49.What is the main ingredient in bread?A. RiceB. FlourC. SugarD. Salt50.I write in my _____ (日记).51.We are having ______ for dessert after dinner. (cake)52.What do we call the force that pulls objects toward the Earth?A. FrictionB. GravityC. MagnetismD. MomentumB53.What is the name of the imaginary line that divides the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres?A. EquatorB. Prime MeridianC. Tropic of CancerD. Tropic of CapricornB54.What is the capital of Yemen?A. Sana'aB. AdenC. TaizD. Mukalla55.I like ________ (exploring) new ideas.56.The ______ teaches us about ethics.57.The weather is very ______ today.58.The _____ (花瓣) of a rose is soft and delicate.59.What is the name of the famous mountain in Africa?A. Mount KilimanjaroB. Mount EverestC. Mount ElgonD. Mount KenyaA Mount Kilimanjaro60.What is the capital of Brazil?A. Rio de JaneiroB. Sao PauloC. BrasiliaD. SalvadorC61.My favorite sport is _______ (篮球), and I play it with friends.62.Heat can speed up ________ reactions.63. A pulley can change the direction of a ______.64.Which day comes after Monday?A. SundayB. TuesdayC. WednesdayD. Thursday65. A puppy loves to play and ________________ (探索).66.The park is very _______ (宁静的).67.What do you call the process of plants making food?A. PhotosynthesisB. RespirationC. DigestionD. AbsorptionA68.What part of the plant absorbs water?A. LeafB. StemC. RootD. FlowerC69.Which of these is a type of weather?A. HappyB. RainC. FastD. Bright70.The ant can lift objects many times its _______.71.连词成句。

连续组合梁收缩的约束力研究

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收缩的外部约束力ꎮ
关键词:连续组合梁ꎻ约束力ꎻ解析法ꎻ改进迪辛格法ꎻ变荷载ꎻ次内力
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第４３卷第５期
南京理工大学学报
２０１９年１０月
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Ｏｃｔ.２０１９
连续组合梁收缩的约束力研究
陈旭１ ꎬ章胜平２ ꎬ霍红１ ꎬ毛德均１ ꎬ余文正１
(１.昆明学院建筑工程学院ꎬ云南昆明６５０２１４ꎻ２.昆明理工大学建筑工程学院ꎬ云南昆明６５０５０４)
引文格式:陈旭ꎬ章胜平ꎬ霍红ꎬ等. 连续组合梁收缩的约束力研究[ Ｊ] . 南京理工大学学报ꎬ２０１９ꎬ４３(５) :６０７－６１４.
投稿网址:ｈｔｔｐ: / / ｚｒｘｕｅｂａｏ.ｎｊｕｓｔ.ｅｄｕ.ｃｎ
６０８
第４３卷第５期
南京理工大学学报
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风机名词中英文对照

1.型式与一般名词风机ventilator通风机 fan透平鼓风机 turbo-blower透平压缩机 turbo-compressortype离心式 centrifugaltype轴流式 axialtype斜流式 mixed-flowtype 容积式 displaceable-bladetype可调叶片式 adjustable-bladesplit垂直剖分面 vertical水平剖分面 horizontalsplittype单吸式 single-suctiontype双吸式 double-suctiondirection进气口方向 suctiondirection出气口方向 dischargedirection旋转方向 rotatingtype悬臂式 overhang双支撑式center impeller type缸 casing段 section级 stage单级 single-stage多级 multi-stagetype立式 vertical卧式 horizontaltype风机装置Ventilator(blower, compressor) plant 轴系 shaftinginertia转动惯量 rotatorthrust轴向推力 axial平衡 balancebalance静平衡 staticbalance动平衡 dynamic平衡精度precision of balanceofweight去重 removalweight加重 additionof通风机低压离心通风机low pressure centrifugal fan中压离心通风机middle pressure centrifugal fan高压离心通风机high pressure centrifugal fan低压轴流通风机low pressure axial fan高压轴流通风机high pressure axial fannumber机号 fan横流式cross-flow type, transverse-flow-typetype对旋式 counter-rotating子午加速型meridionally accelerated type电动机直联型motor directly driven type皮带传动型belt drive type联轴器传动型drive type with coupling透平鼓风机、压缩机水平剖分型horizontal split type筒型barrel type, vertical split type多轴型multi-shaft with multi-velocity typetype等温型 isothermal内冷式internal cooling type外冷式outer cooling type单级高速single-stage with high speed type管线型pipe line typetype轴流-离心式 axial-centrifugal低压透平压缩机low pressure turbo-compressor中压透平压缩机medium pressure turbo-compressor高压透平压缩机high pressure turbo-compressor超高压透平压缩机super high pressure turbo0compressor 增压器 superchargerblower叶式鼓风机 Enkeblower旋涡式鼓风机 regenerative罗茨鼓风机blower罗茨鼓风机 Roots空冷 aircoolingcooling水冷 water卧式horizontal type, A type立式vertical type, B type2.零部件及条件结构定子 statorbox进气室 suctioncasing蜗壳 volute机壳 casing水平部分机壳horizontally split casing上机壳top half casing下机壳bottom half casingcover端盖 endring卡环 shear支腿 supportdrain排渣孔 inclusionhole测量孔 measuringrod导杆 guide集流器 collector整流罩 cowldiffuser整流体 conicalplate底座 base共用底座common base platevane导流器 prewhirlervane 预旋器 prerotation扩压器 diffuserdiffuser旋转扩压器 rotating转子 rotor挠性转子 flexiblerotorrotor钢性转子 rigid主轴 mainshaft叶轮 impellerdisc轮盖 side轮盘 maindiscboss轮毂 hub进口圈 mouthring导风轮 inducerimpeller闭式叶轮 closed半开式叶轮semi open impellerimpeller开式叶轮 open多叶式叶轮 multi-veinedimpeller 叶片 bladeblade动叶 rotaryblade 静叶 stationary隔块 spacer叶型 blade翼型中线 profileaxis翼弦 profile弦长 chordlength前缘点 chord后缘点leading edge point最大弯度trailing edge pointcamber最大弯度位置 maximum最大厚度maximum camber position最大厚度位置 maximumthickness最大相对厚度maximum thickness positionof leading edge 前缘方向角 directionalangle后缘方向角directional angle of trailing edge 叶型弯曲角bending angle of profile叶型最大厚度maximum thickness of profile进口气流角inflow angle, entry air angle出口气流角discharge angle exit air angle进口几何角inlet geometric angle出口几何角outlet geometric angle叶片安装角blade setting angleangle冲角 attack气流落后角flow lag angle气流折弯角flow deflection angle栅距pitch of cascaderatio相对栅距 pitch-chord叶栅稠度solidity of cascadeheight叶片高度 bladeratio展弦比 aspectfrequency叶片频率 blade叶栅 cascadecascade平面叶栅 planesupport弹性支座 spring隔板 diaphragmduct弯道 bend回流器 return-channel少通道扩压器 straightdiffuser轴齿轮shaft with pinionshaft阶梯轴 stepped节鞭轴circumferentially fluted shaftshaft光轴 plain罗茨鼓风机casing整体机壳 wholeplate墙板 wall前墙板front wall plate后墙板back wall plate主动轴driving shaft, main shaftshaft从动轴 driven齿轮圈 gearrimhub齿轮毂 gear齿轮箱罩gear box cover甩油盘splash lubrication discprofile叶蜂 convexprofile叶谷 concavemesh叶轮啮合 impellerrationdiameter长径比 length容积利用系数coefficient of effective volumeside非工作面 non-workingwidth非工作面宽度 non-working叶轮头数thread numbers of impeller叶轮截面积impeller section areaarea泄露面积 leakage环列叶栅 annularcascadecascade直列叶栅 in-linecascade空间叶栅 space双列叶栅 doublecascadeS1 相对流面S1 relative stream surfaceS2 相对流面S2 relative stream surface等内径equal inside diameter等外径equal outside diametertype混合型 mixing轮毂比boss ratio, hub ration直径比 diametralratio跨距 spanblades前向叶片 forward-curved径向叶片 radial-tippedbladesblades后向叶片 backward-curvedimpeller 三元叶片 three-dimensional圆弧叶片 curvedbladeblade翼型叶片 aerofoilblade平板叶片 plateblade扭曲叶片 twistblade直叶片 straightdisc平衡盘 balance叶轮中间加强环reinforcing ring in the middle of impellerrod叶轮拉杆 tieshaft中间轴 intermediateweight平衡块 balancingsleeve轴套 shaft透平鼓风机、压缩机垂直剖分机壳vertical split casingcasing筒型机壳 barrelcasing前机壳 frontcasing后机壳 backcasing中机壳 middle平衡室balance air compartment平衡气管路balance air pipe linesupport挠性板支座 flexible3.性能performance 气动曲线 aerodynamicparameter性能参数 performance性能曲线 performancecurve无因次性能曲线dimensionless property curve计算性能曲线calculated performance curvecurvecharacteristic管网性能曲线 networkcondition工况 operationgas理想气体 perfectgas实际气体 actualair标准空气 standardcondition标准状态 standardcondition进气条件 suction容积流量volume flow quantity重量流量weight flow quantity质量流量mass flow quantityratio压力比 pressure流量系数capacity coefficient, volume coefficientrise升压 pressurepressure临界压力 criticalpressure临界温度 contrasttemperature对比压力 contrast对比温度polytropic compression process多变压缩过程isentropic compression process等熵压缩过程isothermal compression process等温压缩过程 adiabaticexponentvelocity绝热指数 relativevelocity相对速度 peripheral圆周速度 absolutevelocitytriangle速度三角形 velocity轴向速度 axialvelocityvelocity径向速度 radialvelocity切向速度 tangentialvelocity子午速度 meridionalspeed比转速 specifichead理论能量头 theoretical能量头系数coefficient of head周速系数coefficient of peripheral velocity滑动 slip装置轴功率shaft power of unitperiod运行周期 runningnumber马赫数 Mach临界马赫数critical Mach numbernumber雷诺数 Reynolds临界雷诺数critical Reynolds numbermodeling自动模化 automaticsimilarity几何相似 geometricsimilarity运动相似 movingsimilarity动力相似 dynamicdesign相似设计 similarsimilarity近似设计 approximate特征尺寸 characteristicdimensioneffect尺寸效应 size对数性能曲线log performance curveperformancecurve 选择性能曲线 selected系列综合性能曲线complete characteristic curveschema空气动力略图 aerodynamic通风机静压static pressure of fan通风机动压dynamic pressure of fan通风机全压total pressure of fan有效功率actual power, useful powerpower内功率 innerefficiency内效率 inner静压效率efficiency of static pressure内静压效率efficiency of inner static pressure全压系数efficiency of tatal pressure全压效率coefficient of total pressure功率系数coefficient of power内功率系数coefficient of inner power静压系数coefficient of static pressureorifice等积孔 equivalentdiameter比直径 specificfactor滑动系数 slipdegree反作用度 reactionloss机械损失 mechanical管网损失loss of pipe lines扩压损失loss of diffusionloss冲击损失 impactloss摩擦损失 frictionloss流动损失 flowloss轮阻损失 dragvortex二次涡 secondaryflow潜流 drowned泄漏 leakageleakage内泄漏 internalleakage外泄漏 outer泄漏系数 leakagefactor轮阻系数coefficient of dragefficiency绝热效率 adiabaticefficiency多变效率 polytropicefficiency等温效率 isothermalefficiency机械效率 mechanicalefficiency传动效率 drivespeed风机效率 rotatingspeed转速 loose松动转速 criticalspeedvibration临界转速 bendingvibration弯振 torsionaleffect回转效应 revolvingsurface工作面 pressuresurface非工作面 suction旋转脱离 rotatingstall喘振 surgepoint喘振点 surgelimit喘振界线 surge功率裕度margin of power正常运行点normal operating point罗茨鼓风机efficiency容积效率 volumetric实际流量real flow, actual flow理论流量 theoreticalflow4.装置及附属装置密封迷宫式密封 labyrinthsealseal蜂窝型密封 honeycombseal机械密封 mechanicalseal浮环密封 floating-ringseal抽气密封 air-bleed抽气器 air-bleedset填料密封 packing管网network of pipe lines参考气 referencegas二次平衡气secondary balancing gasset冷却系统 cooling油系统 oilsystem油站oil supply unit高位油箱overhead oil tank压力油箱pressure oil tanksystem防喘振装置 anti-surgemonitor轴位移指示器 axial-displacement消声器 silencer过滤器 filtereliminatormoisture除湿器 dryer,collectoer除尘器 dustparts备件 spare5.运行和试车test试车 running气动性能曲线aerodynamic performance test机械运转实验mechanical running teststand实验台 testing探针 probetunnel风洞 windwindtunnel校正风洞 calibrated整流网格 straigtener试验管路test pipe line并联 parallel串联 series切换 change-overtest模化试验 modelingtest强度试验 strength水压试验hydrostatic pressure testtest破坏试验 destructed工业性运行试验plant running test, full scale running test 超速试验over speed test, spin testtest现场试验 field空载运行unloaded running, idle running test闭式试验装置closed loop system找正 alignment当量转速 equivalentspeedtorque启动力矩 starting盘车 barringtime惰转时间 idleplate孔板 orifice喷嘴 nozzle性能调节 performanceregulatingregulating变转速调节 variable-speed进气节流调节inlet throttle regulating排气节流调节discharge throttle regulating进气预旋调节inlet pre-whirl regulatingregulating转动叶片调节 blade-rotatingregulating等流量调节 flow-equaledregulating等压调节 equipressure旁通调节 by-passregulatingregulating防喘振调节 anti-surgesystem调节系统 regulating。

力学英文名词对照

力学mechanics牛顿力学Newtonian mechanics 经典力学classical mechanics 静力学statics运动学kinematics动力学dynamics子波wavelet次级子波secondary wavelet驻波standing wave声[音]sound声强intensity of sound声强计phonometer声调intonation音色musical quality音调pitch声级sound level声压[强]sound pressure声源sound source声阻抗acoustic impedance声抗acoustic reactance声阻acoustic resistance声导纳acoustic admittance声导acoustic conductance声纳acoustic susceptance声共振acoustic resonance声波sound wave超声波supersonic wave声速sound velocity次声波infrasonic wave亚声速subsonic speed又称“亚音速”。

超声速supersonic speed又称“超音速”。

声呐sonar共鸣resonance回波echo回声echo拍beat拍频beat frequency群速group velocity相速phase velocity能流energy flux能流密度energy flux density材料力学mechanics of materials,strength of materials 应力stress法向应力normal stress剪[切]应力shear stress单轴应力uniaxial stress双轴应力biaxial stress拉[伸]应力tensile stress压[缩]应力pressive stress周向应力circumferential stress纵向应力longitudinal stress轴向应力axial stress弯[曲]应力bending stress,flexural stress 扭[转]应力torsional stress局部应力localized stress残余应力residual stress热应力thermal stress最大法向应力maximum normal stress 最小法向应力minimum normal stress最大剪应力maximum shear stress主应力principal stress主剪应力principal shear stress工作应力working stress许用应力allowable stress应力集中stress concentration应力集中系数stress concentration factor 应力状态state of stress应力分析stress analysis结构[强度]分析structured analysis应变strain剪[切]应变shear strain法向应变normal strain拉[伸]应变tensile strain压[缩]应变pressive strain体积应变volumetric strain残余应变residual strain热应变thermal strain最大法向应变maximum normal strain 主应变principal strain主剪应变principal shear strain名义应变nominal strain应变状态state of strain载荷load又称“荷载”。

摄影专业英语

Aberration 像差Accessory 附件Accessory Shoes 附件插座、热靴Achromatic 消色差的Active 主动的、有源的Acutance 锐度Acute-matte 磨砂毛玻璃Adapter 适配器advance system 输片系统AE Lock(AEL) 自动曝光锁定AF(Autofocus) 自动聚焦AF Illuminator AF照明器AF spotbeam projector AF照明器Alkaline 碱性Ambient light 环境光Amplification factor 放大倍率Angle finder 弯角取景器Angle of view 视角Anti-Red-eye 防红眼Aperture 光圈Aperture priority 光圈优先Aperture Indexing，光圈耦合APO(APOchromat) 复消色差APZ(Advanced Program zoom)高级程序变焦Arc 弧形Artificial Intelligence，人工智能ASA(American Standards Association) 美国标准协会Astigmatism 像散Auto bracket 自动包围Auto composition 自动构图Auto exposure 自动曝光Auto exposure bracketing 自动包围曝光Auto film advance 自动进片Auto flash 自动闪光Auto loading 自动装片Auto multi-program 自动多程序Auto rewind 自动退片Auto wind 自动卷片Auto zoom 自动变焦Automatic exposure(AE) 自动曝光Automation 自动化Auxiliary 辅助的Back 机背Back light 逆光、背光Back light compensation 逆光补偿Background 背景Balance contrast 反差平衡Bar code system 条形码系统Barrel distortion 桶形畸变BAse-Stored Image Sensor (BASIS) 基存储影像传感器Battery check 电池检测Battery holder 电池手柄Bayonet 卡口Bellows 皮腔Blue filter 蓝色滤光镜Body-integral 机身一体化Bokeh，焦外成像Bridge camera 桥梁相机Brightness control 亮度控制Built in 内置Bulb B 门Button 按钮CCable release 快门线Camera 照相机Camera shake 相机抖动Cap 盖子Caption 贺辞、祝辞、字幕Card 卡Cartridges 暗盒Case 机套CCD(Charge Coupled Device) 电荷耦合器件CdS cell 硫化镉元件Center spot 中空滤光镜Center weighted averaging中央重点加权平均Chromatic Aberration 色差Circle of confusion 弥散圆Close-up 近摄Coated 镀膜coating，镀膜Compact camera 袖珍相机Composition 构图Compound lens 复合透镜Computer 计算机Contact 触点Continuous advance 连续进片Continuous autofocus 连续自动聚焦Contrast 反差、对比Convetor 转换器Coreless 无线圈Correction 校正Coupler 耦合器Coverage 覆盖范围CPU(Central Processing Unit) 中央处理器Creative expansion card 艺术创作软件卡Cross 交叉Curtain 帘幕Customized function 用户自选功能DData back 数据机背Data panel 数据面板Dedicated flash 专用闪光灯Defocus 焦外，散焦Definition 清晰度Delay 延迟、延时Depth of field 景深Depth of field preview 景深预测Detection 检测Developer，显影剂Diaphragm 光阑Diffuse 柔光Diffusers 柔光镜DIN (Deutsche Industrische Normen)德国工业标准Diopter 屈光度Dispersion 色散Display 显示Distortion 畸变Double exposure 双重曝光Double ring zoom 双环式变焦镜头Dreams filter 梦幻滤光镜Drive mode 驱动方式Duration of flash 闪光持续时间Dual Focus，双聚焦，缩写为DFDX-code DX编码Dynamic AF，动态聚焦ED(Extra low Dispersion) 超低色散Electro selective pattern(ESP)电子选择模式Elmar，Leica Elmar结构EOS(Electronic Optical System)电子光学系统Ergonomic 人体工程学EV(Exposure Value) 曝光值Evaluative metering 综合评价测光Expert 专家、专业Exposure 曝光Exposure adjustment 曝光调整Exposure compensation 曝光补偿Exposure memory 曝光记忆Exposure mode 曝光方式Exposure value(EV) 曝光值Extension tube 近摄接圈Extension ring 近摄接圈External metering 外测光Extra wide angle lens 超广角镜头Eye-level fixed 眼平固定Eye-start 眼启动Eyepiece 目镜Eyesight correction lenses 视力校正镜FFiber Paper，纤维纸Field curvature 像场弯曲Fill in 填充(式)Film 胶卷(片)Film speed 胶卷感光度Film transport 输片、过片Filter 滤光镜Finder 取景器First curtain 前帘、第一帘幕Fish eye lens 鱼眼镜头fixer，定影剂Flare 耀斑、眩光Flash 闪光灯、闪光Flash range 闪光范围Flash ready 闪光灯充电完毕Flexible program 柔性程序Fluorite 萤石Focal length 焦距Focal plane 焦点平面Focus 焦点Focus area 聚焦区域Focus hold 焦点锁定Focus lock 焦点锁定Focus prediction 焦点预测Focus priority 焦点优先Focus screen 聚焦屏Focus tracking 焦点跟踪Focusing 聚焦、对焦、调焦Focusing stages 聚焦级数Fog filter 雾化滤光镜Foreground 前景FP Sync，FP同步Frame 张数、帧Freeze 冻结、凝固Fresnel lens 菲涅尔透镜、环状透镜Frontground 前景Fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑GGauss Type，高斯结构Glare 眩光Glossy，光面相纸GN(Guide Number) 闪光指数GPD(Gallium Photo Diode) 稼光电二极管Graduated 渐变HHalf frame 半幅Halfway 半程Hand grip 手柄High eye point 远视点、高眼点High key 高调Highlight 高光、高亮Highlight control 高光控制High speed 高速Honeycomb metering 蜂巢式测光Hologon, Zeiss的超广角镜头Horizontal 水平Hot shoe 热靴、附件插座Hybrid camera 混合相机Hyper manual 超手动Hyper program 超程序Hyperfocal 超焦距IIC(Integrated Circuit) 集成电路Illumination angle 照明角度Illuminator 照明器Image control 影像控制Image size lock 影像放大倍率锁定index of refraction 折射率Infinity 无限远、无穷远Infra-red(IR) 红外线Instant return 瞬回式Integrated 集成Intelligence 智能化Intelligent power zoom 智能化电动变焦Interactive function 交互式功能Interchangeable 可更换nternal focusing 内调焦Interval shooting 间隔拍摄ISO(International Standard Association) 国际标准化组织JJIS(Japanese Industrial Standards)日本工业标准LLandscape 风景Latitude 宽容度LCD data panel LCD数据面板LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示LED(Light Emitting Diode) 发光二极管Lens 镜头、透镜Lens cap 镜头盖Lens hood 镜头遮光罩Lens release 镜头释放钮Lithium battery 锂电池Lock 闭锁、锁定Low key 低调Low light 低亮度、低光LSI(Large Scale Integrated) 大规模集成MMacro 微距、巨像Magnification 放大倍率Main switch 主开关Manual 手动Manual exposure 手动曝光Manual focusing 手动聚焦Matrix metering 矩阵式测光Maximum 最大Metering Coupling，测光耦合Metered manual 测光手动Metering 测光Micro prism 微棱Minimum 最小Mirage 倒影镜Mirror 反光镜Mirror box 反光镜箱Mirror lens 折反射镜头Module 模块Monitor 监视、监视器Monopod 独脚架Motor 电动机、马达Mount 卡口MTF (Modulation Transfer Function 调制传递函数Multi beam 多束Multi-layer Caoting Multi-coated，多层镀膜Multi control 多重控制Multi-dimensional 多维Multi-exposure 多重曝光Multi-image 多重影Multi-mode 多模式Multi-pattern 多区、多分区、多模式Multi-program 多程序Multi sensor 多传感器、多感光元件Multi spot metering 多点测光Multi task 多任务Negative 负片Neutral 中性Neutral density filter 中灰密度滤光镜Ni-Cd battery 镍铬(可充电)电池Noctilux，Leica消彗差镜头OOff camera 离机Off center 偏离中心OTF(Off The Film) 偏离胶卷平面One ring zoom 单环式变焦镜头One touch 单环式Orange filter 橙色滤光镜Over exposure 曝光过度Panning 摇拍Panorama 全景Parallel 平行Parallax 平行视差Partial metering 局部测光Passive 被动的、无源的Pastels filter 水粉滤光镜PC(Perspective Control) 透视控制Pearl，珠面相纸Pentaprism 五棱镜Perspective 透视的Phase detection 相位检测Photography 摄影Pincushion distortion 枕形畸变Plane of focus 焦点平面Point of view 视点polarisation 偏振polariser偏振镜Polarizing 偏振、偏光Polarizer 偏振镜Portrait 人像、肖像Power 电源、功率、电动Power focus 电动聚焦Power zoom 电动变焦Predictive 预测Predictive focus control 预测焦点控制Preflash 预闪Professional 专业的Program 程序Program back 程序机背Program flash 程序闪光Program reset 程序复位Program shift 程序偏移Programmed Image Control (PIC)程序化影像控制QQuartz data back 石英数据机背RRainbows filter 彩虹滤光镜Range finder 测距取景器Release priority 释放优先Resin Coated，涂塑相纸Rear curtain 后帘Reciprocity failure 倒易律失效Reciprocity Law 倒易律Recompose 重新构图Red eye 红眼Red eye reduction 红眼减少Reflector 反射器、反光板Reflex 反光Remote control terminal 快门线插孔Remote cord 遥控线、快门线Resolution 分辨率Reversal films 反转胶片Rewind 退卷Ring flash 环形闪光灯ROM(Read Only Memory) 只读存储器Rotating zoom 旋转式变焦镜头RTF(Retractable TTL Flash)可收缩TTL闪光灯Second curtain 后帘、第二帘幕Secondary Imaged Registration(SIR)辅助影像重合Segment 段、区Selection 选择Self-timer 自拍机Sensitivity 灵敏度Sensitivity range 灵敏度范围Sensor 传感器servo 伺服Separator lens 分离镜片Sepia filter 褐色滤光镜Sequence zoom shooting 顺序变焦拍摄Sequential shoot 顺序拍摄Servo autofocus 伺服自动聚焦Setting 设置Shadow 阴影、暗位Shadow control 阴影控制Sharpness 清晰度Shift 偏移、移动Shutter 快门Shutter curtain 快门帘幕Shutter priority 快门优先Shutter release 快门释放Shutter speed 快门速度Shutter speed priority 快门速度优先Silhouette 剪影Single frame advance 单张进片Single shot autofocus 单次自动聚焦Skylight filter 天光滤光镜Slide film 幻灯胶片Slow speed synchronization 慢速同步SLD(Super Lower Dispersion) 超低色散SLR(Single Lens Reflex)单镜头反光照相机SMC(Super Multi Coated) 超级多层镀膜Soft focus 柔焦、柔光Softar，Rodenstock的柔焦镜头SP(Super Performance) 超级性能SPC(Silicon Photo Cell) 硅光电池SPD(Silicon Photo Dioxide) 硅光电二极管Speedlight 闪光灯、闪光管Split image 裂像Sport 体育、运动Spot metering 点测光Standard 标准stepless shutter，无级快门Standard lens 标准镜头Starburst 星光镜Stop 档Synchronization 同步Tele converter 增距镜、望远变换器Telyt, Leica望远镜头Telephoto lens 长焦距镜头Trailing-shutter curtain 后帘同步tone，影调Trap focus 陷阱聚焦Tripod 三脚架TS(Tilt and Shift) 倾斜及偏移TTL flash TTL闪光TTL flash metering TTL闪光测光TTL(Through The Lens) 通过镜头、镜后Two touch 双环UUD(Ultra-low Dispersion) 超低色散Ultra wide 超阔、超广Ultrasonic 超声波UV(Ultra-Violet) 紫外线Under exposure 曝光不足VVario-，[前缀]变Vari-colour 变色Var-program 变程序Variable speed 变速vegnetting，晕映Vertical 垂直Vertical traverse 纵走式View finder 取景器WWarm tone 暖色调White Balance, 白平衡.Wide angle lens 广角镜头Wide view 广角预视、宽区预视Wildlife 野生动物Wireless remote 无线遥控XX-sync X-同步ZZoom 变焦Zoom lens 变焦镜头Zoom clip 变焦剪裁Zoom effect 变焦效果。

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Electric energy
Motor shaft mechanical performance
Mains line high frequency conducted emissions Harmonics Leakage current
Excess energy due to regenerative braking Heat High-frequency radiated emissions
Secondary effects of variable speed drives
IFEA – Regulerte motordrifter, 16. – 17. november 2011, Kristiansand
Presentation overview
•Secondary effects of adjustable speed drives •Mitigation of secondary effects
P417
Property of Danfoss Drives A/S
3
Basic topology of a frequency converter
Main advantages: •high efficiency (up to 98%) •wide speed range with good regulation •possibility of connecting several motors •load sharing possibility by using a common DClink •low sensibility to line transients
Voltage ringing overshoot occurs at the motor terminals due to pulse reflection phenomena in the long motor cable. The peak voltage can reach values of up to twice the DC-link voltage (2*Vdc).
In a pulsewidth-modulated voltage-source inverter (PWM-VSI) the common-mode voltage is always either +/- Vdc/6 (during an active vector) or +/- Vdc/2 (during a zero-vector).
• the level of the voltage applied to the main isolation (Upeak) • the rise-time tr determines the inter-turn isolation • Short risetime results in voltage unevenly distributed through the coils Following aggravating factors are usually associated
P417
Drives Division
Property of Danfoss Drives A/S 2
The secondary effects of PWM voltage-source inverters
Supply grid Frequency converter Motor cable Motor
Source:
Inductive coupling
caused by the high dv/dt
GAMBICA Technical Guide: Motor shaft voltages and bearing currents
Ground
Source: GAMBICA Technical Guide: Motor shaft voltages and bearing currents
Capacitive coupling
caused by the common-mode voltage
P417
Drives Division
t
•IEC60034-25 A – motors for converter operation, 500 V •IEC60034-25 B – motors for converter operation, 690 V
0,5
P417
Drives Division
Property of Danfoss Drives A/S 10
•IEC60034-17 – general purpose motors, 500 V
Upeak [V]
U Upeak 0.9 x Upeak
UDC 0.1 x Upeak t10-IEC tr t90-IEC
dv/dt limit curves
2,5 2,15 kV 2 1,8 kV 1,56 kV 1,5 1,2 kV 1 1 kV IEC60034-25 A IEC60034-25 B IEC60034-17 NEMA. 400 V NEMA. 600 V NAMUR 0 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 tr [us] 0,8 1 1,2 1,35 kV
Simulation showing the inverter output voltage and the motor terminal voltage with a 200m shielded cable.
P417
Drives Division
Property of Danfoss Drives A/S 7
Property of Danfoss Drives A/S 13
Shaft voltage and bearing currents
Stator winding Csf ED Crf1
Magnetic coupling
Shaft and frame impedance ED Crf2 Motor frame
Motor insulation breakdown
The dielectric stress is determined by:
• Peak voltage Upeak • Pulse rise time tr • Frequency of the pulses fsw
The dielectric stress is limited by:
Mains supply RFI DC link Rectifier filter filter
Ldc Cdc
Inverter
Motor cable
Motor
AC
AC
RFI filter Cdc Ldc
AC
Shielded/ Unshielded Cable
M
•high input power factor
Fast switching IGBTs (5 kV/us and more)
Inherent output common-mode voltage
P417
Drives Division
Property of Danfoss Drives A/S 4
Common-mode voltage generation
800 400 0.82 0.6
Zm Zm
P417
Z0 Z0
Z0
R0 G0
j L0 j C0
L0 C0
Drives Division
8
Property of Danfoss Drives A/S
Overvoltages higher than 2Vdc
Double pulsing
Simulation showing the inverter output voltage and the motor terminal voltage with a 200m shielded cable and a double pulsing.
with the insulation failure: •old motors with poor insulation (retrofit) •applications with intensive regenerative braking that causes the rise of the DC-link voltage •aggressive environments (heat, humidity, chemical atmosphere) • 690 V motors without double insulation
P417
Drives Division
Property of Danfoss Drives A/S 12
Shaft voltage and bearing currents
Stator winding Csr CM Csf Shaft Crf ED Load Motor frame Zfg Zrg
High-frequency radiated and conducted emissions Leakage current
Insulation stress through partial discharges Bearing stress (pitting through electrical discharges) Acoustic switching noise Drives Division
The reflection coefficient is determined by the impedance mismatch between the motor cable and the motor highfrequency surge impedance: