TE-8翻译必备

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TEM-8词汇汇总

感谢英专07级所有同学！abase[ə'beis]v. 贬抑，使谦卑The president is not willing to abase himself before the nation.abate [ə'beit]v.（指风势、疼痛等）减弱，减轻，减退Steps are to be taken to abate pollution.abbreviate [ə'bri:vieit]v．缩短（字、词组等），缩写He abbreviated his first name to Alec.abdicate ['æbdikeit]v. 正式放弃（官职、权利），让位She was forced to abdicate the throne of Spain.abduct [æb'dʌkt]v. 拐诱，拐走，绑架She was charged with abducting a six-month-old child.aberrant [æ'berənt]adj. 不循常规的，不走正路的Ian's rages and aberrant behavior worsened.abhor [əb'hɔ:]v. 憎恨（某人，某事物），厌恶，讨厌He was a man who abhorred violence and was deeply committed to reconciliation.abide [ə'baid]v. 忍受，容忍I can't abide people with no sense of humour.abject [ˈæbdʒekt]a. （境况）凄惨的，绝望的；无耻的Both of them died in abject poverty.abode [əˈbəud]n. 住所I went round the streets and found his new abode.aboriginal [æbəˈridʒənəl]a. 土生的，原产地的；土著的A member of an aboriginal people living in tribes.abort [əˈbɔ:t]v. 使流产，堕胎；中止，使（计划）失败The decision was made to abort the mission.abreast [əˈbrest]ad. 并排，并肩The steep pavement was too narrow for them to walk abreast.abridge [əˈbridʒ]v. 缩写，缩短He decide to abridge his stay here after he receive a letter from homeabsolve [əbˈzɔlv]v. 免除（某人的）承诺；赦免，宣告无罪A police investigation yesterday absolved the police of all blame in the incident.abstain [əbˈstein]v. 戒绝（喝酒）；放弃（投票等）At the last election he abstained (from voting/the vote).abstinence ['æbstinəns]n. 禁欲，节制On one hand, mild to moderate drinking seems better for heart health than abstinence for select people.abuse [ə'bju:z, ə'bju:s]v.n. 辱骂，咒骂；滥用；虐待The book is about the use and abuse of power.abyss [ə'bis]n. 深渊，深坑Do you fear that dark abyss?accessory [ək'sesəri]n. 附属品，附件Don't ignore the use of the small accessary.acclaim [ə'kleim]v. 欢呼，喝彩，称赞Why to acclaim for life?accomplice [ə'kʌmplis]n. 从犯，帮凶Tony was found to be an accomplice in the crime.accomplish [ə'kʌmpliʃ]v. 完成，实现,到达（目的）I will accomplish my purpose at any price.accord [ə'kɔ:d]v. 符合，一致；n. 协调，一致We should accord the President the proper deference.accordingly[əˈkɔ:diŋli]adv.照着，相应地；因此，所以The cost of materials rose sharply last year. Accordingly we were forced to increase our prices.accrue [ə'kru:]v. (逐渐)增长，增加；（使欠款、债务）积累Interest will accrue if you keep your money in a savings account.accumulate [ə:kju:mjuleit]v.积累，积聚；（数量）逐渐增加，（质量）逐渐提高By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.accusation[ˌækju:ˈzeɪʃən]n. 控告，起诉，告发，谴责；No one believed her wild accusations against her husband.acknowledge []v. 承认；承认地位；复信；微笑，挥手；表示感谢I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses.acquiesce[ˌæ kwi'es]v. 默然接受，默认，默许，顺从Senior government figures must have acquiesced in the cover-up.acquire [ə' kwaiə]v. （通过努力、能力、行为表现）获得，得到；购得，获得，得到I have recently acquired a taste for olives.acquit [ə'kwɪt]v.宣判（某人）无罪；表现；完成The jury acquitted him of murder.activist ['æktɪvɪst]n.积极分子They are gay activists.acumen [ ə 'kjəmən]n. 敏锐，聪明，洞察力He has much commercial acumen.acute [ə'kju:t]a.尖锐的；敏锐的；急性的；剧烈的There is an acute shortage of water.adhoc [æd 'hɑk]a.特别安排的，特定的The meetings will be held on an ad hoc basis.adamant ['ædəmənt]a.坚定不移的，强硬的Eva was adamant that she would not come.addict ['ædɪkt]n.有瘾的人；对某事有强烈兴趣的人He becomes a video game addict gradually.addictive[ə'dɪktɪv]n.(使人)上瘾的，沉迷的Heroin is highly addictive.adeptadj. 1.精于…的, 擅长于…的, 内行的, 熟练的, 擅长的2.巧妙的n. 1.专家，能手He is an adept mechanic.adherevi. 黏附, 附着The two surfaces adhered, and we couldn't get them apart.adjacentadj. .（地区、建筑、房间等）与…毗连的；邻近的These young students live in adjacent rooms.adjoinvt. & vi. 邻近, 毗连The two houses adjoinadjournvt. & vi. (使)休会, (使)休庭,延期The meeting adjourned at five o'clock. adjunctadj. 1.附属的n.附属物, 附件, 配件,添加剂;助手, 副手This is an adjunct to the verb.admonishvt.1.劝告, 训诫，(温和地)责备，轻责The coach admonished the girls for being lazy.adolescentadj.1.青春期的, 青少年的n.1.青少年The adolescent period is one's best time.The audience were mostly adolescents.adore ［☜♎］vt.爱慕; 崇拜They adored her as a living goddess.非常喜欢You will adore this film.adorn ［☜♎⏹］vt. 装饰; 佩带Wild flowers adorned the river bank.adroit ［☜♎❒♓♦］adj. 熟练的, 机敏的Jamie was adroit at flattering others.adultery［☜♎✈●♦☜❒♓］n. 通奸, 私通Adultery was a ground for divorceadvent ［ ✌♎☜⏹♦］n. 出现, 到来Since the advent of atomic power, there have been great changes in industry.adversary［ ✌♎☜♦☜❒♓］n. 对手, 敌手He saw her as his main adversary within the company.adverse［ ✌♎☜♦］adj. 不利的, 有害的Dirt and disease are adverse to the best growth of children.逆的, 相反的, 敌对的He is adverse to going abroad.Adversity ［☜♎☜♦♓♦♓］n. 逆境, 不幸Their friendship was forged by sharing adversity.advocate ['ædvəkeit,'ædvəkit]v.拥护，提倡the group does not advocate the use of violence.n.提倡者，拥护者a staunch advocate of free speechaerial ['ɛəriəl]a、空气的，大气的，航空的an aerial view of palm islandaesthetics [i:s'θetiks]n.美学，审美学the students debated the aesthetics of the poems.affable ['æfəbl]a．友善的，和蔼可亲的I am affable to everyone.affiliate [ə'filieit]v.（指团体）加入（联合），使隶属the group is not affiliated to any political party.affinity [ə'finiti]n.构造相似，关系；亲和力sam was born in the country and had a deep affinity with nature.affirm [ə'fə:m]v,坚称，断言，肯定地说。

人教新目标八年级上册Unit8单词及课文翻译

2b 美国的感恩节在大多数国家，人们在特别的节日里通常吃传统食物。美国的一个特别节日是感恩节。它总是在11月的第四个星期四，而且是一个在秋天感恩食物的时刻。在这时，人们也会想起大约400年前第一批从英格兰来到美国居住的漂泊者。这些漂泊者度过了一个漫长而艰难的冬天，他们中许多人死去了。第二年秋天，他们在新的家园感恩生命和食物。今天，大多数美国人仍然以在家与家人一起吃大餐的方式来庆祝这个感恩的想法。这顿饭的主菜几乎总是一种很大的鸟——火鸡。
01
你怎样做香蕉奶昔？
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接下来，把香蕉放入食物搅拌器。
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首先，将香蕉剥皮。
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然后，把牛奶倒入食物搅拌器。５．最后，打开食物搅拌器。
-我们需要多少香蕉？-我们需要三个香蕉。７．-我们需要多少酸奶？-我们需要一杯酸奶。
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Grammar Focus
3a １．我们需要多少香蕉？２．我们需要多少糖？３．我们需要多少面包？４．我们需要多少西红柿？５．我们需要多少奶酪？ 3b １.你怎样制作爆米花？ b. 首先，把玉米放入爆米花机。 2.我们需要多少玉米？ a. 半杯。 3.下面我们做什么？ d. 接下来，打开爆米花机。最后，加入盐。 4.我们需要多少盐？ e.仅仅一勺。 5.现在我们可以吃了吗？ c. 是的，我们能（吃了）！ 3c A: 你知道如何栽树吗？ B: 首先，挖一个坑。然后…… 栽树做牛肉面洗衣服从图书馆借书
2d A:萨姆，我想为星期六的聚会做罗宋汤。你能告诉我怎么做吗？ B:当然可以。首先，买一些牛肉、一棵卷心菜、四个胡萝卜、三个土豆、五个西红柿和一个洋葱。然后，把这些蔬菜切碎。Ａ:接下来做什么？Ｂ:接下来，把牛肉、胡萝卜和土豆放入锅内并加入一些水。之后，煮上30分钟。然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱再煮10分钟。Ａ:好的，行了吗？Ｂ:不行，还有一件事。最后，不要忘了加些盐。

专四专八历年经典翻译真题50例

1. The Ameri‎c an econo‎m ic syste‎m is, organ‎i zed aroun‎d a basic‎a lly priva‎t e-enter‎p rise‎, marke‎t- orien‎t ed econo‎m y in which‎consu‎m ers large‎l y deter‎m ine what shall‎be produ‎c ed by spend‎i ng their‎money‎in the marke‎t plac‎e for those‎goods‎and servi‎c es that they want most. [参考译文] 美国的经济‎是以基本的‎私有企业和‎市场导向经‎济为架构的‎，在这种经济‎中，消费者很大‎程度上通过‎在市场上为‎那些他们最‎想要的货品‎和服务付费‎来决定什么‎应该被制造‎出来。

2. Thus, in the Ameri‎c an econo‎m ic syste‎m it is the deman‎d of indiv‎i dual‎consu‎m ers, coupl‎e d with the desir‎e of busin‎e ssme‎n to maxim‎i ze profi‎t s and the desir‎e of indiv‎i dual‎s to maxim‎i ze their‎incom‎e s, that toget‎h er deter‎m ine what shall‎be produ‎c ed and how resou‎r ces are used to produ‎c e it.[参考译文] 因此，在美国的经‎济体系中，个体消费者‎的需求与商‎人试图最大‎化其利润的‎欲望和个人‎想最大化其‎收入效用的‎欲望相结合‎，一起决定了‎什么应该被‎制造，以及资源如‎何被用来制‎造它们。

专业术语-英文翻译大集合整理

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专业术语大集合
• MIS Management Information System 資迅管理系統 • IS: Information System 資迅系統 • IT: Information Technology 系統技術 • MRP: Material Requisition Plan 材料需求計劃
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专业术语大集合
• MTF: Modulation Transfer Function 調整轉換功能 • CAT: Carriage Alignment Tool 載器調整具 • ID: Industrial Design 工業設計(外觀設計) • PCBA: Printed Circuit Board Assembly 電路板組裝 • F/T: Function Test 功能測試
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专业术语大集合
• VQC: Vendor Quality Control 售貨質量控制 • IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程質量控制 • OQC: Out going Quality Control 出貨質量控制 • QE: Quality Engineer 質量工程
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专业术语大集合
• I2:Information Integration System 資迅整合系統 • SAP: System Application Programming 系統申請項目 •
ERP: Enterprise Resource Programming 企業資源項目 • HR Human Resource 人力資源 • PR: Public relation 公共關係 • T/O: Turn Over Rate=Monthly T/O Total People*12

电气工程及其自动化专业_外文文献_英文文献_外文翻译_plc方面.

1、外文原文A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerTh e si ng le -c hi p m ic ro co mp ut er i s t he c ul mi na ti on of both t h e de ve lo pm en t of the dig it al com pu te r an d th e in te gr at ed c i rc ui t arg ua bl y t h e tow m os t s ig ni f ic an t i nv en ti on s o f t he 20th c e nt ur y [1].Th es e tow type s of arch it ec tu re are foun d in sin g le -ch i p m i cr oc om pu te r. Som e empl oy the spli t prog ra m/da ta me mo ry of the H a rv ar d ar ch it ect u re , sh ow n in Fig.3-5A -1, oth ers fo ll ow the p h il os op hy , wi del y ada pt ed for gen er al -p ur po se com pu te rs and m i cr op ro ce ss o r s, o f ma ki ng no log i ca l di st in ct ion be tw ee n p r og ra m and dat a me mo ry as in the Pr in ce to n arch ite c tu re , show n i n Fig.3-5A-2.In gen er al ter ms a sin gl e -chi p mic ro co mp ut er i sc h ar ac te ri zed b y t he i nc or po ra ti on of a ll t he un it s of a co mp uter i n to a sin gl e d ev i ce , as sho wn inFi g3-5A -3.Fig.3-5A-1 A Harvard typeFig.3-5A-2. A conventional Princeton computerFig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputerRead only memory (ROM.R OM is usua ll y for the pe rm an ent,n o n-vo la ti le stor a ge of an app lic a ti on s pr og ra m .M an ym i cr oc om pu te rs and m are inte nd e d for high -v ol um e ap pl ic at ions a n d he nc e t h e eco n om ic al man uf act u re of th e de vic e s re qu ir es t h at t he cont en t s o f t he prog ra m me m or y be co mm it t ed perm a ne ntly d u ri ng the man ufa c tu re of ch ip s .Cl ea rl y, thi s im pl ie s a r i go ro us app ro ach to ROM cod e deve l op me nt sin ce cha ng es can not b e mad e afte r manu f a c tu re .Th is dev e lo pm en t proc ess may invo lv e e m ul at io n us in g aso ph is ti ca te d de ve lo pm en t sy ste m wit h a h a rd wa re emu la tio n cap ab il it y as w el l as the use o f po we rf ul s o ft wa re too ls.So me man uf act u re rs pro vi de add it io na l RO M opt i on s by i n cl ud in g in their ra n ge dev ic es wit h (or int en de d fo r use wit h u s er pro gr am ma ble me mo ry. Th e sim p le st of th es e is usu al ly d e vi ce whi ch can op er at e in a micro p ro ce ssor mod e by usi ng som e o f the inp ut /outp u t li ne s as an ad dr es s an d da ta b us fora c ce ss in g ex te rna l mem or y. Thi s t y pe of de vi ce can beh av ef u nc ti on al ly as th e sing le chip mi cr oc om pu te r from whi ch it is d e ri ve d al be it wit h re st ri ct ed I/O and a mod if ied ex te rn al c i rc ui t. The use of thes e d ev ic es is com mo n eve n in prod uc ti on c i rc ui ts wher e t he vo lu me does no tj us ti f y t h e d ev el o pm en t c osts o f c us to m o n -ch i p R OM [2];t he re c a n s ti ll bea s ignif i ca nt saving i n I /O and o th er c h ip s com pa re d to a conv en ti on al mi c ro pr oc es sor b a se d ci rc ui t. Mor e ex ac t re pl ace m en t fo r RO M dev i ce s ca n be o b ta in ed in th e fo rm of va ri an ts w it h 'p ig gy -b ack 'E P RO M(Er as ab le pro gr am ma bl e ROM s oc ke ts or dev ic e s with EPROM i n st ea d o f RO M 。

热电材料外文翻译

Thermoelectric Properties of n -Type Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5Segmented Thermoelectric MaterialSEJIN YOON,1JUN-YOUNG CHO,1HYUN KOO,1SUNG-HWAN BAE,1SEUNGHYUN AHN,1GWI RANG KIM,1JIN-SANG KIM,2and CHAN PARK 1,3,41.—Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Seoul National University,Daehak-dong,Gwanak-gu,Seoul,Republic of Korea.2.—Electronic Materials Research Center,Korea Institute of Science and Technology,Wolgok 2-dong,Seongbuk-gu,Seoul,Republic of Korea.3.—Research Institute of Advanced Materials,Seoul National University,Daehak-dong,Gwanak-gu,Seoul,Republic of Korea.4.—e-mail:pchan@snu.ac.krTo investigate the effects of segmentation of thermoelectric materials on performance levels,n -type segmented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5thermoelectric material was fabricated,and its output power was measured and compared with those of Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5.The two materials were bonded by diffusion bonding with a diffusion layer that was $18l m thick.The electrical conductivity,Seebeck coefﬁcient,and power factor of the segmented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5sample were close to the average of the values for Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5.The output power of Bi 2Te 3was higher than those of PbSe 0.5Te 0.5and the segmented sample for small D T (300K to 400K and 300K to 500K),but that of the segmented sample was higher than those of Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5when D T exceeded 300K (300K to 600K and 300K to 700K).The output power of the segmented sample was about 15%and 73%higher than those of the Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5samples,respectively,when D T was 400K (300K to 700K).The efﬁciency of thermoelectric materials for large temperature differences can be enhanced by segmenting materials with high performance in different temperature ranges.Key words:Thermoelectric material,segmented thermoelectric material,Bi 2Te 3,Pb(Se,Te),output powerINTRODUCTIONMany studies have focused on improving the energy conversion efﬁciency of thermoelectric materials for their potential use in power-generation and cooling systems.The efﬁciency of a thermoelectric material is characterized by its dimensionless ﬁgure of merit [zT =(S 2r T )/j ,where S is the Seebeck coefﬁcient,r is the electrical conductivity,and j denotes the thermalconductivity].1The upper limit of the efﬁciency (g ¼g c ﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃ1þzT p À1 =ﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃﬃ1þzT p þ1Àg c h i ,whereg c =D T /T hot is the Carnot efﬁciency,and zT is the average zT over the temperature range)is determined by the temperature difference D T ,2,3which means that better energy conversion can be expected with the use of a larger D T .Most thermoelectric materials,how-ever,have high zT over a very limited temperature range,indicating that most thermoelectric materials cannot effectively utilize such a large D T .High ther-moelectric energy conversion efﬁciency can be obtained when a large D T can be used,which can only be realized by using a thermoelectric material with high zT value across a broad temperature range.Materials with large average zT values over a wide temperature range have to be used to convert large amounts of energy from a large D T .Connection of materials with high zT values in different tempera-ture ranges,forming a segmented thermoelectric(Received May 10,2013;accepted October 14,2013;published online November 27,2013)Journal of ELECTRONIC MATERIALS,Vol.43,No.2,2014DOI:10.1007/s11664-013-2869-4Ó2013TMS414material,can lead to improvement of the efﬁciency in a wide temperature range.Most research on thermoelectric materials has focused on improving the zT value of a single material by optimizing the carrier concentration with dopants and/or by using low-dimensional structures such as quantum dots and superlattic-es.4–11The zT values of such thermoelectric mate-rials with low-dimensional structures have been signiﬁcantly improved compared with those of bulk thermoelectric materials.8,11Thermoelectric mate-rials with a low-dimensional structure,however, have mainly been fabricated in the form of thin ﬁlms or nanowires,for instance,which are not appropriate for use in large-scale energy conversion systems with a large temperature difference. Given that the thermoelectric properties(S,r,j)of materials vary with temperature,Snyder et al.3,12 suggested that different thermoelectric materials could be segmented or cascaded together to improve their efﬁciency for a large temperature difference. Recently,many research groups have reported calculations and experimental data for segmented thermoelectric materials with improved perfor-mance.Kuznetsov et al.2used various amount of Te and SbI3as dopants to control the carrier concen-tration of Bi2Te3,connecting these materials to improve efﬁciency from8.8%to10%at D T=200K. Cui reported results for segmented p-type FeSi2/ Bi2Te3,showing1.4times more output power than FeSi2at D T=485K.13Zeng et al.14,15reported that the output power of a thermoelectric module of 16916segmented legs consisting of Bi2Te3/ ErAs:(InGaAs)1Àx(InAlAs)x was6.3W when the heat source was set to610K and the cooling water was kept at285K.Oh fabricated p-type(Bi,Sb)2Te3/ (Pb,Sn)Te by hot-pressing,showing,at a D T value of 320K,output power of$72mW,while(Bi,Sb)2Te3 and(Pb,Sn)Te showed63.9mW and26mW,respec-tively.16Recent studies of segmented thermoelectric materials have shown improved efﬁciency of seg-mented thermoelectric materials compared with nonsegmented ones,as mentioned above.Detailed understanding of the effects of different fabrication methods and interface properties of segmented materials on the thermoelectric properties will help to improve the efﬁciency further.In this work,to investigate the effects of segmen-tation of thermoelectric materials on their perfor-mance,an n-type segmented thermoelectric material consisting of Bi2Te3(highest zT at$400K)and PbSe0.5Te0.5(highest zT at$700K)was fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS)of Bi2Te3and PbSe0.5Te0.5powders prepared by mechanical alloy-ing.Quantitative elemental analyses were performed by means of wavelength-dispersive spectrometer (WDS)measurements at the interface to investigate the diffusion of the constituent elements.Output powers for various D T conditions(100K,200K, 300K,and400K)and the thermoelectric properties of the segmented Bi2Te3/PbSe0.5Te0.5sample were measured and compared with those of Bi2Te3and PbSe0.5Te0.5made by SPS.EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES Sample PreparationElemental Te,Bi,Pb,and Se(>99.999%)powders were weighed according to the stoichiometric com-positions of Bi2Te3and PbSe0.5Te0.5,and charged into a stainless-steel(SS)vial with SS balls under Ar atmosphere.SS balls with diameters of2mm and8mm were used with ball-to-powder weight ratio of10:1.Mechanical alloying of the powders was carried out using high-energy ball milling at 250rpm for20h.Contamination of the powders during the high-energy ball milling process was checked by analyzing the elements present in the powder using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.The prepared powders were then sintered by SPS. Approximately7g of each powder was packed into a carbon die with diameter of10mm and sintered under vacuum(<200mTorr)at400°C for10min under uniaxial pressure of50MPa.To fabricate the segmented sample,about3.5g Bi2Te3powder was charged into the carbon die and then pressed under 10MPa of uniaxial pressure,followed by charging and pressing of PbSe0.5Te0.5powder under the same conditions as for Bi2Te3.The green body consisting of Bi2Te3and PbSe0.5Te0.5was then spark plasma sintered(SPSed)using the same pressure,temper-ature,and sintering time as the nonsegmented samples.Figure1a and b show an image of the fab-ricated sample and a schematic of the fabrication method of the segmented sample,respectively.Each sample prepared by SPS was machined into bar-type (3mm,3mm,and10mm)and disk-type(1mm and 10mm)samples for further measurements. Characterization of the SamplesTo identify the phases present at each processing step,h–2h x-ray diffraction(XRD,D-8Advance; Bruker)with Cu K a radiation was performed for all powders and sintered samples.WDS quantitative elemental analysis was carried out to investigate the diffusion of elements across the interface of the segmented sample.The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefﬁcient were measured using a ZEM-2 instrument(Ulvac).Measurements were performed at intervals of50°C from room temperature to 400°C.The temperature difference was kept at 10°C,20°C,and30°C to measure the Seebeck coef-ﬁcient.The relative density was measured by Archimedes’method.The output power of each sample was measured in a vacuum chamber under various D T conditions(D T=100K,200K,300K, and400K)by heating one side of the sample while the other side was in direct contact with a coolingThermoelectric Properties of n-Type Bi2Te3/PbSe0.5Te0.5Segmented Thermoelectric Material415block (300K).During the measurement of the seg-mented sample,Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5were in contact with the cooling block and the heater,respectively.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONFigure 2shows the XRD patterns of the powders after mechanical alloying and the SPSed samples of Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5.The diffraction peaks were compared with those in the published powder dif-fraction ﬁles:PDF 01-082-0358(ICDD,1993)and PDF 03-065-8019(ICDD,1969).The peak positions of the powders and the SPSed samples were iden-tical to those of the PDF data of Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5,indicating that no second phase was formed in the sample during the mechanical alloy-ing or SPS process.Broad peaks can be observed in Fig.2b,e,as the mechanical alloying is accompa-nied by a decrease in the powder size and the occurrence of strain.Grain growth and strain release during the sintering process can lead to a large decrease in the full-width at half-maximum of the diffraction peaks of SPSed samples (Fig.2c,f)compared with those of the powders (Fig.2b,e).To analyze the diffusion of atoms through the interface of the segmented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5sample,quantitative elemental analysis was per-formed by WDS.The atomic percentages of Bi,Pb,Se,and Te were measured every 2l m across the segmented interface;these results are shown in Fig.3.Pb and Se diffuse into Bi 2Te 3and Bi diffuses into PbSe 0.5Te 0.5to form a diffusion layer at the interface.This is similar to diffusion bonding of bulk materials at high temperature and pressure.17,18The length of the diffusion layer across the interface was about 18l m,much smaller than that reported by Oh,which was 350l m.16These different lengths of the diffusion layer could result from the different sintering conditions applied,which were 10min by SPS at 400°C in this work and 1h by hot pressing at 400°C for the result reported by Oh.The composi-tion of the diffusion layer is different from those of the materials at each side,allowing the diffusion layer to have different thermoelectric properties from the two end materials,which could affect the total efﬁciency of the sample.Investigation of the thermoelectric properties of the diffusion layer and its effect on the performance of the segmented sample could lead to further optimization of the thermoelectric properties of such segmented ther-moelectricmaterials.Fig.1.(a)Fabricated segmented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5sample and (b)schematic of the fabrication method of the segmented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5sample by spark plasmasintering.Fig.2.PDF data of (a)Bi 2Te 3and (d)PbSe 0.5Te 0.5,and XRD pat-terns of (b)the Bi 2Te 3powder,(c)the Bi 2Te 3spark-plasma-sintered sample,(e)the PbSe 0.5Te 0.5powder,and (f)the PbSe 0.5Te 0.5spark-plasma-sinteredsample.Fig.3.WDS data of the segmented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5sample.Yoon,Cho,Koo,Bae,Ahn,G.R.Kim,J.-S.Kim,and Park416The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefﬁcient were measured for all three sintered samples at various temperatures in air.The temperature dependences of the electrical conductivity and See-beck coefﬁcient are presented in Fig.4a and b,respectively.The resulting electrical conductivity values for the Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5samples werelower than those reported by Zhao et al.19and Li et al.,20whose samples were fabricated by methods similar to that used in this work.The low electrical conductivity of the samples could result from the low relative densities of the Bi 2Te 3(95.2%)and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5(94.8%)samples compared with the reported relative density of Bi 2Te 3of 98.5%.19This difference in the electrical conductivity can be explained in terms of the effective medium theory (EMT)which provides the relationship between the relative density and the electrical conductivity as r =[(3f À1)r 0]/2,where f is the fraction of the material except the pores and r 0is the electrical conductivity of the material without any pores.21The Seebeck coefﬁcients of Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5were similar to the reported values.19,20The power factor of each sample was calculated from the elec-trical conductivity and Seebeck coefﬁcient,as shown in Fig.4c.The Bi 2Te 3and PbSe 0.5Te 0.5samples showed their highest power factor at 425K and 625K,respectively.The electrical conductivity,Seebeck coefﬁcient,and power factor of the seg-mented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5sample were close to the average of the values for the nonsegmented samples.Figure 5shows the maximum output power of the Bi 2Te 3,PbSe 0.5Te 0.5,and segmented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5samples for various D T conditions.The temperature of the cold side was kept at 300K by cooling water,and the hot side of the samplewasFig.4.Temperature dependence of (a)electrical conductivity,(b)Seebeck coefﬁcient,and (c)powerfactor.Fig.5.Output power of the Bi 2Te 3,PbSe 0.5Te 0.5,and segmented Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5samples with temperature differences across the samples from 100K to 400K.Thermoelectric Properties of n -Type Bi 2Te 3/PbSe 0.5Te 0.5Segmented Thermoelectric Material 417heated by a local heater.The output power of the Bi2Te3sample was higher than that of the PbSe0.5Te0.5 and segmented Bi2Te3/PbSe0.5Te0.5samples when the D T value was lower than200K,but that of the seg-mented Bi2Te3/PbSe0.5Te0.5sample was higher than the other samples when D T exceeded300K.The out-put power of the Bi2Te3,PbSe0.5Te0.5,and segmented Bi2Te3/PbSe0.5Te0.5samples was38.8mW,26.0mW, and45.3mW,respectively,when D T was400K.The output power of the segmented sample was about15% and73%higher than that of the Bi2Te3and PbSe0.5Te0.5sample,respectively,at a D T value of 400K.The output power of the segmented sample was improved compared with those of the nonsegmented samples for large D T.Optimizing the length of the segmented materials and controlling the diffusion at the interface could lead to further improvement of the performance of segmented thermoelectric materials at large D T.CONCLUSIONSTo investigate the effects of segmentation of thermoelectric materials on performance levels,a segmented thermoelectric material was fabricated, and its output power was measured and compared with those of the nonsegmented materials.In this study,n-type Bi2Te3and PbSe0.5Te0.5,having their highest zT values at about400K and700K, respectively,were used to make the segmented thermoelectric material.The n-type segmented Bi2Te3/PbSe0.5Te0.5thermoelectric material was fabricated by SPS of a green body consisting of a stacked structure of Bi2Te3and PbSe0.5Te0.5.The two materials were bonded by diffusion bonding with a diffusion layer of$18l m.The electrical conductivity,Seebeck coefﬁcient,and power factor of the segmented Bi2Te3/PbSe0.5Te0.5sample were near the average of the values of the two nonseg-mented materials.The output power of Bi2Te3was higher than those of the PbSe0.5Te0.5and segmented samples for small D T(300K to400K and300K to 500K),but the output power of the segmented sample was higher compared with those of Bi2Te3 and PbSe0.5Te0.5when D T exceeded300K(300K to 600K and300K to700K).The output power of the segmented sample was approximately15%and73% higher than those of the Bi2Te3and PbSe0.5Te0.5 samples,respectively,when D T was400K(300K to700K).The results of this work highlight that seg-mented thermoelectric materials can offer improved efﬁciency over a wide temperature range,and that optimization of the length of each segment and proper control of the diffusion layer could further increase the efﬁciency of the thermoelectric mate-rial for large D T.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis research was supported by the Converging Research Center Program through the Ministry of Sci-ence,ICT and Future Planning,Korea(2013K000170) and by the Power Generation&Electricity Delivery of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)grant funded by the Korea government Ministry of Knowledge Economy(No. 20111020400090).REFERENCES1. D.W.Rowe,Thermoelectrics Handbook:Macro to Nano(Boca Raton:CRC/Taylor&Francis,2006).2.V.L.Kuznetsov,L.A.Kuznetsova,A.E.Kaliazin,and D.M.Rowe,J.Mater.Sci.37,14(2002).3.G.J.Snyder,Appl.Phys.Lett.84,13(2004).4.G.Zhang and B.W.Li,Nanoscale2,7(2010).5.G.J.Snyder and E.S.Toberer,Nat.Mater.7,2(2008).6.L.D.Hicks and M.S.Dresselhaus,Phys.Rev.B47,19(1993).7.L.D.Hicks,T.C.Harman,X.Sun,and M.S.Dresselhaus,Phys.Rev.B53,16(1996).8.R.Venkatasubramanian, E.Siivola,T.Colpitts,and B.O’Quinn,Nature413,6856(2001).9.T.C.Harman,P.J.Taylor,M.P.Walsh,and Forge,Science297,5590(2002).10. A.I.Boukai,Y.Bunimovich,J.Tahir-Kheli,J.K.Yu,W.A.Goddard III,and J.R.Heath,Nature451,7175(2008).11.R.Venkatasubramanian,Phys.Rev.B61,4(2000).12.G.J.Snyder and T.S.Ursell,Phys.Rev.Lett.91,14(2003).13.J.L.Cui,Mater.Lett.57,24–25(2003).14.G.Zeng,J.H.Bahk,J.E.Bowers,H.Lu,J.M.O.Zide,A.C.Gossard,R.Singh,Z.Bian,A.Shakouri,S.L.Singer,W.Kim,and A.Majumdar,J.Electron.Mater.37,12(2008).15.G.Zeng,J.H.Bahk,J.E.Bowers,H.Lu,A.C.Gossard,S.L.Singer, A.Majumdar,Z.X.Bian,M.Zebarjadi,and A.Shakouri,Appl.Phys.Lett.95,8(2009).16.T.S.Oh,J.Electron.Mater.38,7(2009).17.P.L.Ratnaparkhi and J.M.Howe,Acta Metall.Mater.42,3(1994).18.P.He,J.H.Zhang,R.L.Zhou,and X.Q.Li,Mater.Charact.43,5(1999).19.L.D.Zhao,B.P.Zhang,J.F.Li,M.Zhou,and W.S.Liu,Phys.B400,1–2(2007).20.J.Q.Li,S.P.Li,Q.B.Wang,L.Wang,F.S.Liu,and W.Q.Ao,pd.509,13(2011).21. C.W.Nan,Prog.Mater Sci.37,1(1993).Yoon,Cho,Koo,Bae,Ahn,G.R.Kim,J.-S.Kim,and Park418。

TEM8翻译

(1）把握大局：grasp the overall situation (2) 摆谱儿：put on airs; keep up appearances (3)白手起家: start from scratch (4)拜年：pay New Year call (5)班门弄斧：teach one's grandma to suck eggs (5)保质期：guarantee period (6)报销：apply for reimbursement (7)爆冷门：produce an unexpected answer (8)曝光：make public (9)奔小康：strive for a relatively comfortable life (10)闭门羹：given cold-shoulder （11）比上不足，比下有余：fall short of the best, but be better than the best (12)逼上梁山：be driven to drastic alternatives (13)变相涨价：disguised inflation (14)边远贫困地区：outlying poverty-stricken areas (15)边缘知识人：Marginal intellectuals (16)表面文章：Lip service; surface formality (17) 博导：PhD supervisor (18)补发拖欠的养脑筋：Clear up pension payments in arrears (19)不眠之夜：white night (20)菜鸟：green hand (21)产品科技含量 technological element of a product(22)长江三角洲：Yangtze River delta (23)长江中下游：the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River (24)超前消费:pre-mature consumption (25)城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for residents (26)城镇职工医疗保险制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers (27)重复建设：building redundant project; duplication of similar projects (28)充值卡：rechargeable card (29)春运：passenger transport around theChinese lunar new year (30)打破僵局：break thedeadlock/stalemate (31)电脑盲：computer illiterate (32)点球：penalty kick (33)电视会议：video conference (34)电视直销：TV home shopping (35)定向培训：training for specific posts (36)动感电影：multidimensional movie (37)豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects (38)对...毫无顾忌：make no bones about (39)夺冠：take the crown (40)政治多元化：political pluralism (41)服务行业：catering industry (42)复合型人才：inter-disciplinary talent (43)岗位培训：on-the-job training （44）高等教育自学考试：self-study higher education examination (45)高新技术产业开发区：high and new technological industrial development zone (46)各大菜系：major styles of cooking (47)各行各业：every walk of life (48)功夫不负有心人：Everything comes to him who waits (49)各尽其能：let each person do his best (50)公益活动：public welfare activities (51)工薪阶层：state employee; salaried person (52)过犹不及：going too far is as bad as not going far enough (53)函授大学：correspondence university (54)好莱坞大片：Hollywood blockbuster (55)核心竞争力：core competitiveness (56)虎父无犬子：A wise goose never lays a tame leg (57)基本国情：fundamental realities of the country (58)激烈竞争：cut-throat competition (59)极限运动：maximal exercise/X-games(60)集中精力把经济建设搞上去：go all out foreconomic development (61)加班：work extra shifts (62)嘉宾:distinguished/honored guest (63)加快市场步伐：quicken the pace of marketization (64)假冒伪劣产品：counterfeit and shoddy products (65)减负：alleviate burdens on sb. (66)江南水乡：the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River (67)教书育人：impart knowledge and educate people (68)脚踏实地：be down-to-earth (69)解除劳动关系：sever labor relations (70)扩大内需：expand domestic demand (71)拉拉队：cheering squad (72)论文答辩：(thesis)oral defense (73)马到成功：achieve immediate victory (74)三维电影/动画片：three-dimensional movie/animation (75)森林覆盖率：forest coverage (76)社会保险机构：social security institutions (77)社会热点问题：hot spots of society (78)社会治安情况:law-and-order situation (79)申办城市：the bidding cities (80):身体素质：physical constitution （81）生计问题：bread-and-butter issue (82)生意兴隆：business flourishes (82)市场疲软：sluggish market (83)市政工程：municipal works/engineering (84)事业单位：public institution （85）试用期：probationary period (86)首创精神：pioneering spirit (87)手机充值：cellular phone replenishing (88)台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots (89)脱贫致富：cast off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity (90)西部大开发：Development of the West Regions (91)新秀：up-and-coming star（92）学生处：students' affairs division (93)舆论导向：direction of public opinion (94)招生就业指导办公事：enrolment and vocation guidance office (95)支柱产业：pillar cornerstone industry (96)中专生：secondary specialized or technical school student (97)专题报道：special coverage (98)《阿Q正传》:The True Story of Ah Q (99)《春秋》:Spring and Autumn Annals (100)知识产权：intellectual property rights。

Tel act8 中文說明書

Telact8中文說明書
TELCLEANTRACKACT8
型号：A810WCWD-IF
对于200毫米晶圆
单块配置
晶圆流程：从左到右
运载站(CRA)1x4型，带拾取级，包括6个密理博智能泵
具有高速传送机构的处理块
a)通过MilliporeIntelligen泵（数量2）进行3次分配的光刻胶涂布机单元
b)显影单元，通过H型喷嘴分配1份溶液(数量2)
c)为1台开发设备(数量1)分配额外的显影剂
d)LHP，低温热板(数量10)
e)CPL，冷却板(数量4)
f)ADH，附着力促进剂单元(数量1)
g)TCP，传输冷却板(数量1)
h)用于涂布机的可编程转鼓清洗系统(数量1)
I)可编程PTI排气控制器(数量4)
用于佳能FPA-3000i5步进机的接口单元(IRA),包括一个多缓冲单元和晶片边缘曝光(WEE)
化学柜1
a)HMDS的加压罐
b)稀释剂缓冲罐，3升(数量2)
c)显影剂缓冲罐，3升(数量2)
化学柜2
a)显影剂脱气模块(数量2)
b)稀释剂脱气模块
温度控制架
a)冷却板的热电偶模块(数量4)
b)水循环装置(数量4)
涂布机温度和湿度控制装置
软件包
a)TELGEM在线软件
b)级联晶片流软件
c)系统登录软件
二氧化碳灭火系统准备就绪(管道和线路) 紫外线/红外线火灾探测器(数量3)
额外的5加仑不锈钢罐(数量5)。

研究生英语综合教程UNIT8课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)

UNIT81. In the last year, MOOCs have gotten a tremendous amount of publicity. Last November, the New York Times decided that 2012 was “the Year of the MOOC,” and columnists like David Brooks and Thomas Friedman have proclaimed ad nausea that the MOOC “revolution” is a “tsunami” that will soon transform higher education. As a Time cover article on MOOCs put it — in a rhetorical flourish that has become a truly dead cliché — “College is Dead. Long Live College!”2. Where is the hype coming from? On the one hand, higher education is ripe for “disruption” — to use Clayton Christensen’s theory of “disruptive innovation” — because there is a real, systemic crisis in higher education, one that offers no apparent or immanent solution. It’s hard to imagine how the status quo can survive if you extend current trends forward into the future: how does higher education as we know it continue if tuition fees and student debt continue to skyrocket while state funding continues to plunge? At what point does the system simply break down? Something has to give.3.At the same time, the speed at which an obscure form of non-credit-based online pedagogy has gone so massively mainstream demonstrates the level of investment that a variety of powerful people and institutions have made in it. The MOOC revolution, if it comes, will not be the result of a groundswell of dissatisfaction felicitously finding a technology that naturally solves problems, nor some version of the market’s invisible hand. It’s a tsunami powered by the interested speculation of interested parties in a particular industry. MOOCs are, and will be, big business, and the way that their makers see profitability at the end of the tunnel is what gives them their particular shape.4. After all, when the term itself was coined in 2008 — MOOC, for Massively Open Online Course — it described a rather different kind of project. Dave Cormier suggested the name for an experiment in open courseware that George Siemens and Stephen Downes were putting together at the University of Manitoba, a class of 25 students that was opened up to over 1,500 online participants. The tsunami that made land in 2012 bears almost no resemblance to that relatively small — and very differently organized — effort at a blended classroom.For Cormier, Siemens, and Downes, the first MOOC was part of a long-running engagement with connectivist principles of education, the idea that we learn best when we learn collaboratively, in networks, because the process of learning is less about acquiring new knowledge “content” than about building the social and neural connections that will 1. 去年，“大规模在线开放课程”得到了广泛的宣传。

选修八英语课文翻译

选修八英语课文翻译(1) [选修八英语课文翻译]选修八英语课文翻译导语：课文是指指教科书中的正文，区别于注释和习题等，一般在语文或地理中出现。

英语，有对话和短文。

以下是小编收集整理的选修八英语课文翻译，希望大家喜欢！选修八英语课文翻译Unit1 CALIFORNIA加利福尼亚California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population。

加州是美国第三大洲，而且是人口最多的州。

It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA， having attracted people from all over the world。

加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州。

它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。

The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home。

这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。

This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know thehistory of California。

当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。

NATIVE AMERCANS美洲土著人Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California， no one really knows。

最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。

However， it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago。

电气工程与其自动化专业_外文文献_英文文献_外文翻译_plc方面

1、外文原文A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerTh e si ng le -c hi p mic ro co mput er i s t he c ul mi na ti on of both t h e de ve lo pmen t o f t he d ig it al co m pu te r an d th e i n te gr at ed c i rc ui t a rg ua bl y t h e to w mos t s ig ni f ic an t i nv en ti on s of t he 20th c e nt ur y [1].Th es e t ow ty pe s of ar ch it ec tu re a re fo un d i n s in gle -ch i p m i cr oc ompu te r. So me em pl oy t he spl i t pr og ra m/da ta memory o f th e Ha rv ar d ar ch it ect ure , sh own in Fi g.3-5A-1, o th ers fo ll ow t he ph il os op hy , wi del y a da pt ed f or ge ner al -pur po se co m pu te rs a nd m i cr op ro ce ss or s, o f maki ng n o log i ca l di st in ct ion be tw ee n pr og ra m an d d at a memory a s i n t he P r in ce to n ar ch ite c tu re , sh own i n F ig.3-5A-2.In g en er al te r ms a s in gl e -chi p m ic ro co mput er i sc h ar ac te ri zed by t he i nc or po ra ti on of a ll t he un it s of a co mputer i n to a s in gl e d ev i ce , as s ho wn in Fi g3-5A-3.Fig.3-5A-1 A Harvard typeProgrammemory DatamemoryCPU Input&Outputunitmemory CPU Input&OutputunitFig.3-5A-2. A conventional Princeton computerReset Interrupts PowerFig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputerRead only memory (ROM).R OM i s us ua ll y f or th e p erm an ent, no n-vo la ti le s tor age o f an a pp lic ati on s pr og ra m .Man ym i cr oc ompu te rs an d m ar e in te nd e d f or hi gh -v ol ume a ppl ic at ions an d he nc e t he eco nomic al m an uf act ure o f th e de vic es re qu ir es t h at t he co nt en t s of t he pr og ra m mem or y b e co mm it t ed pe rm ane ntly du ri ng t he m an ufa c tu re o f ch ip s .Cl ea rl y, t hi s i mpl ie s a r i go ro us a pp ro ach to R OM c od e de ve l op ment s in ce ch ang es c an not be mad e af te r manu f ac tu re .Th is d ev elo pmen t pr oc ess ma y in vo lv e emul at io n us in g a so ph is ti ca te d d eve lo pmen t sy ste m w it h a ha rd ware e mula tio n c ap ab il it y as wel l as t he u se o f po werf ul s o ft ware t oo ls.Some m an uf act ure rs p ro vi de ad d it io na l ROM opt i on s byi n cl ud in g i n th eir r ange d ev ic es wi t h (or i nt en de d f or u se wit h)us er p ro gr ammable memory. Th e sim ple st o f th es e i s u su al lyde vi ce w hi ch c an o per at e in a mi cro pro ce ss or mod e b y u si ng s ome of t he i np ut /o utp ut li ne s as a n a ddr es s an d da ta b us f or ac ce ss in g ex te rna l m emor y. T hi s t y pe o f de vi ce ca n b eh av eExternalTimingcomponents System clock Timer/ CounterSerial I/OPrarallelI/ORAMROMCPUf u nc ti on al ly a s t he si ng le ch ip mi cr oc ompu te r fro m w hi ch it is de ri ve d al be it wi t h re st ri ct ed I/O a nd a m od if ied ex te rn alc i rc ui t. Th e u se o f th es e dev ic es i s c ommon e ve n i n pr od uc ti on c i rc ui ts wh ere t he vo lu me do es no t j us tif y t h e dev el opmen t costsof c us to m o n-ch i p ROM[2];t he re c a n s ti ll be a s ig nif i ca nt sa vingi n I/O an d o th er c hip s c ompa re d t o a co nv en ti on al mi c ro pr oc es sor ba se d ci rc ui t. Mo r e ex ac t re pl ace m en t fo r RO M dev i ce s ca n be ob ta in ed i n th e f orm o f va ri an ts wit h 'p ig gy-b ack'EPRO M(Er as ab le pr o gr ammabl e RO M )s oc ke ts o r d ev ic e s wi th EP ROM i n st ea d of ROM 。

实用英语翻译8 Division

A cold that rapidly grew worse caused his unlamented (无人惋惜的) return to Paris. 他得了感冒，而且愈来愈凶，只好回巴黎去了，但对他的离去，谁也没有感到遗憾。 American prisoners are permitted to receive Red Cross food parcels and write censored (审查，检查) letters. 允许美国俘虏接受红十字会的食品包裹，也允许他们写信，不过信要经过检查。
怎么拆分？

正因为英语语法结构和逻辑结构比较明显，在理解英语的时候，我们可以把主句和从句拆分出来，或者把主干部分和修饰部分拆分出来。说得更具体一点，可以寻找下面一些“信号词” 来对英语句子进行拆分，进而更加有效的理解英语原文：

连词：如and， or， but等并列连词连接着并列句；还有连接状语从句的连接词，如：when， as， since， until， before， after， where， because， since，though等等；它们就成了理解英语句子的拆分点。关系词：如who， whom， whose， what， which， whatever， when， where， how， why等，它们也是理解英语句子的拆分点。不定式符号to：不定式常常构成不定式短语做定语或者状语修饰语，所以也可以是拆分点。分词：过去分词和现在分词可以构成分词短语作修饰语，所以可以是拆分点。标点符号：标点符号常常断开句子的主干和修饰部分，也是一个明显的拆分点。
You Try:

nit8知识点总结

nit8知识点总结In Unit 8, we explored the impact of technology on society, focusing on how it has transformed the way people live, work, communicate, and interact with each other. We also examined the ethical and social issues that arise from the use of technology, and how it has influenced the cultural, economic, and political landscape.The rapid advancement of technology has led to significant changes in the way people live their lives. From the advent of the internet and social media to the proliferation of smartphones and other devices, the digital age has reshaped daily routines, personal relationships, and economic activities. This has given rise to new opportunities for innovation and collaboration, but has also raised concerns about privacy, security, and the digital divide.One of the key areas of impact is in the field of communication. With the rise of social media platforms, people are now able to connect with each other instantaneously, regardless of geographic location. This has had profound implications for the way people create and maintain relationships, share information, and access news and entertainment. However, it has also raised questions about the authenticity of online interactions, the spread of misinformation, and the potential for cyberbullying and harassment.The workplace has also been transformed by technology, with automation, artificial intelligence, and remote work becoming increasingly common. These developments have led to greater efficiency and productivity, but have also raised concerns about job displacement, the erosion of traditional employment models, and the impact on mental health and work-life balance. Additionally, the digital economy has given rise to new forms of entrepreneurship and creative expression, but has also exacerbated the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few tech giants.From a cultural perspective, technology has influenced the way people express themselves and consume media, with digital platforms enabling the widespread sharing and remixing of content. This has broadened access to diverse voices and perspectives, but has also raised questions about the commodification of culture, intellectual property rights, and the erosion of traditional media industries. Furthermore, the rise of online communities has led to the formation of new cultural identities and subcultures, but has also exposed people to echo chambers and online radicalization.Ethical considerations also play a crucial role in the relationship between technology and society. As technology becomes increasingly integrated into everyday life, questions about privacy, surveillance, and the use of personal data have become more pressing. Additionally, the development of autonomous systems, such as self-driving cars and AI-powered decision-making algorithms, has raised concerns about accountability, transparency, and the potential for unintended consequences. These issues underscore the need for a robust and inclusive approach to the ethical development and use of technology.Finally, technology has had a profound impact on the political and social landscape. From the spread of online activism and political mobilization to the rise of misinformation and online propaganda, digital platforms have reshaped the way people engage with political processes and discourse. This has brought attention to the issues of censorship, disinformation, and the influence of tech companies on public discourse. Additionally, the increasing integration of technology in areas such as healthcare, education, and public services has highlighted the need for equitable access and digital literacy.In conclusion, the impact of technology on society is multifaceted, and raises a wide array of ethical, social, and cultural considerations. While technology has brought about significant benefits and opportunities, it also presents challenges and risks that need to be addressed in a thoughtful and inclusive manner. By engaging in critical conversations and fostering a collaborative and ethical approach to the development and use of technology, we can work towards creating a society that harnesses the power of technology for the betterment of all.。

+Unit+1+课文重点翻译训练课件+2023-2024学年仁爱版八年级英语上册

• 40. 别像那样斥责我
• __D_o__n_'t_ __s_h_o_u__t __a_t___ __m__e__ like that .
• 41. 他昨晚跟康康打架
• He _f_o_u_g_h_t _w__it_h__ Kangkang last night.
• He _h__a_d__ __a____ __f_ig__h_t _w__it_h__ Kangkang last
• 11. 你了解他什么吗？
• Do you k__n_o_w___ a__n_y_t_h_in__g a__b_o_u_t_ him?
• 12. 你长大以后想要成为什么职业的人？我要成为一名科
学家。What are you going to be when you grow • _____u_p__?_I__a_m__g_o_i_n_g__t_o_b__e_a__s_c_i_e_n_t_is_t_._________
______ basket, and to ______ the other team ______
doing so.
• 5T6o. 为了w赢in得篮球比赛，你应该拥有好的技术 have • _g_o_o__d _s_k__il_lsbasketball games, you should ______
• 5. 你要来为我们加油吗？
• _W__o__u_ldyou like to come and _c_h_e_e_r_ u_s_____ _o_n__?
• 6. 我希望我们的队伍会赢
• I hope our _te__a_m__ _w__il_l__ _w_i_n___.
• 7. 那种运动你更喜欢，划船还是骑自行车？

scl enable devtoolset-8 bash 释义

scl enable devtoolset-8 bash 释义scl enable devtoolset-8 bash 是一个用于管理GCC 版本的命令，特别是当你使用的是基于RPM的Linux发行版，如CentOS或Red Hat。

这个命令通过使用Software Collections (SCL) 来启用一个叫做devtoolset-8的GCC
版本。

详细解释如下：
scl: 是Software Collections的缩写，是一个为基于RPM的Linux发行版提供并行软件包的机制。

通过这个机制，用户可以在同一台机器上安装和运行多个版本的软件包，而不会相互干扰。

enable: 这个词用于激活特定的SCL。

devtoolset-8: 这是一个预编译的、与CentOS或Red Hat兼容的开发工具集合，其中包含GCC 8版本。

bash: 这表示在启用devtoolset-8后，新的bash shell 将被启动，以便在这个新的环境中运行命令。

这个命令通常用于需要特定版本的GCC来编译或运行某些软件的情况，因为这样可以避免干扰系统默认的GCC版本。

使用这个命令可以轻松地在同一个系统上切换不同的GCC版本，这对于开发和测试特别有用。

请注意，使用scl enable命令只是临时的，当你退出当前的shell或者重启系统后，系统会恢复到原来的GCC版
本。

如果你想让新的GCC版本成为默认版本，你可能需要将其添加到你的~/.bashrc或~/.bash_profile文件中。

Te-whariki中文翻译

The Strands（书P44-P45）The strands and goals of the curriculum arise from the principles. Each strand embodies an area of learning and development that is woven into the daily programme of the early childhood setting and has its own associated goals for learning.课程的目的是从原则上产生的。

每一条链都体现了一个学习和发展的领域，它被编织进了童年的日常生活中，并有着自己的学习目标。

There are five strands.有5点Well-being –Mana AtuaBelonging –Mana WhenuaContribution –Mana TangataCommunication –Mana ReoExploration –Mana Aotūroa幸福–法力阿图阿属于–玛那·温诺华贡献–法力为序幕通信–法力REO探索–法力AOTūROAThe strands are defined in terms of the goals and learning outcomes needed to achieve them,of each strand’s relationship to the principles, and of adult responsibilities associated with each strand.股被定义的目标和学习成果，实现他们，每一个链的关系的原则，并与每个链的成人责任。

The Goals（书P44-45)目标The goals identify how the principles and strands can be incorporated into programmes at a practical level.目标确定的原则和如何在一个实际的水平可以被纳入到方案。

典范英语8翻译

典范英语8翻译
Standard English 8翻译为 Chinese的700字：
我最喜欢的学科是英语，因为我对丰富的英语文学和语言学很感兴趣。

不仅如此，英语是一个全球通用的语言，掌握它将会给我带来更广阔的机遇和交流的能力。

在英语课上，我们学习阅读、写作、听力和口语技巧。

我们经常进行小组讨论和角色扮演活动，这有助于提高我们的口语表达能力和团队合作能力。

老师经常要求我们在小组中合作完成项目和任务，这培养了我们的领导能力和解决问题的能力。

此外，我们学习了许多优秀的英语文学作品，如莎士比亚的戏剧、狄更斯的小说和弗朗西斯·培根的散文。

通过阅读这些经
典作品，我们不仅能够欣赏它们的文学价值，还能够理解英语语言和文化的发展。

在英语课上，我们也学习了语法和词汇。

这些基本的语言技能对于理解和应用英语至关重要。

我们经常进行语法和词汇练习，这有助于巩固我们的知识并提高我们的写作能力。

除了在课堂上学习，我们还有机会参加一些英语俱乐部和活动。

例如，我们组织了英语演讲比赛和戏剧表演，这为我们展示才华和锻炼演讲技巧提供了平台。

我们还可以参加英语夏令营和留学交流项目，这能够提高我们的语言水平和拓宽我们的国际眼界。

总的来说，学习英语给我带来了很多好处。

除了提高语言能力，英语还可以帮助我与世界各地的人沟通和交流。

我希望将来能够运用我的英语技能，成为一个优秀的国际沟通者和文化交流者。

te-btbc标准

te-btbc标准TE-BTBC标准（简体中文版）引言：TE-BTBC（Translation Evaluation - Chinese）标准是一种用于评估翻译质量的标准，其目的是提高翻译质量，促进翻译行业的发展。

本标准针对简体中文翻译进行评估，旨在客观、全面地评估翻译的准确性、流畅性、语气和文化适应度等方面，以帮助翻译人员提升翻译技巧和水平。

一、准确性准确性是翻译的基本要求，指翻译的内容必须忠实于原文，精确传达原文的意思。

评估翻译准确性时，需要考虑以下几个方面：1.语法准确性：翻译使用正确的语法结构和词语搭配，符合汉语的语法规则。

2.词汇准确性：翻译使用准确的词汇，能够准确表达原文的意思，避免歧义和误导。

3.句意准确性：翻译传达出与原文相同的句意，不改变原文的思想和观点。

二、流畅性流畅性是指翻译的表达方式自然流畅、易于理解。

评估翻译流畅性时，需要考虑以下几个方面：1.语言风格：翻译符合汉语的表达习惯和文化特点，采用恰当的语言风格和表达方式。

2.句子结构：翻译采用简明扼要的句子结构，避免冗长和复杂，保持整体逻辑和语义的连贯性。

3.文章结构：翻译能够合理划分段落，使文章逻辑清晰，段落间过渡自然。

三、语气语气是指翻译所传递的情感色彩和表达方式。

评估语气时，需要考虑以下几个方面：1.文体：翻译能够准确把握原文的文体特点，如正式、口语化、幽默等，保持一致。

2.称呼和尊称：翻译能够恰当使用适当的称呼和尊称，以传达原文中的社交和文化差异。

3.情感表达：翻译能够传达出原文中的情感色彩，如喜悦、悲伤、愤怒等，使读者能够感同身受。

四、文化适应度文化适应度是指翻译在传达原文意思的同时，能够符合目标语言的文化背景和习惯。

评估文化适应度时，需要考虑以下几个方面：1.文化障碍：翻译要注意克服源语言和目标语言之间的文化障碍，调整翻译表达方式以适应目标语言读者的习惯和理解水平。

2.文化特色：翻译能够充分体现原文的文化特色和情感色彩，传递原文中的文化信息和价值观念。

应用文用英语怎么说

应用‎文用‎英语‎怎么‎说‎应‎用文‎翻译‎及实‎例‎t h‎i s‎p‎r o‎d u‎c t‎i‎s‎a n‎e‎x t‎e r‎n a‎l‎b a‎t t‎e r‎y‎c h‎a r‎g e‎r‎f o‎r‎s p‎e c‎i a‎l‎f o‎r‎p s‎p.‎p‎r o‎v i‎d e‎3‎60‎0m‎a h‎l‎i t‎h i‎u m‎b‎a t‎t e‎r y‎p‎o w‎e r‎s‎u p‎p l‎y.‎i‎t‎c a‎n‎p r‎o v‎i d‎e‎p o‎w e‎r‎s u‎p p‎l y‎f‎o r‎a‎n y‎u‎s b‎p‎r o‎d u‎c t‎s‎b y‎c‎o n‎n e‎c t‎e d‎t‎o‎t h‎e‎u s‎b‎p l‎u g‎w‎h i‎c h‎i‎s‎e n‎c l‎o s‎e d‎.‎u s‎e r‎g‎u i‎d e‎:‎1,‎p‎l e‎a s‎e‎f u‎l l‎y‎c h‎a r‎g e‎t‎h e‎b‎a t‎t e‎r y‎b‎y‎u s‎i n‎g‎t h‎e‎o r‎i g‎i n‎a l‎p‎s p‎a‎d a‎p t‎e r‎b‎e f‎o r‎e‎u s‎e.‎t‎u r‎n‎t h‎e‎s w‎i t‎c h‎o‎n‎b e‎f o‎r e‎c‎h a‎r g‎e.‎2‎,‎d u‎r i‎n g‎c‎h a‎r g‎e,‎g‎r e‎e n‎l‎i g‎h t‎g‎l i‎t t‎e r‎d‎e n‎o t‎e s‎c‎h a‎r g‎i n‎g,‎w‎h i‎l e‎g‎r e‎e n‎l‎i g‎h t‎o‎n‎d e‎n o‎t e‎s‎f u‎l l‎y‎c h‎a r‎g e‎d.‎p‎l e‎a s‎e‎c o‎n t‎i n‎u e‎c‎h a‎r g‎i n‎g‎2‎h o‎u r‎s‎m o‎r e‎f‎o r‎s‎u r‎e‎t h‎e‎b a‎t t‎e r‎y‎i s‎b‎e e‎n‎f u‎l l‎.‎3,‎c‎o n‎n e‎c t‎t‎h e‎b‎a t‎t e‎r y‎t‎o‎p s‎p‎c o‎n s‎o l‎e,‎t‎u r‎n‎t h‎e‎s w‎i t‎c h‎o n‎a‎n d‎p‎l a‎y.‎p‎l e‎a s‎e‎t u‎r n‎o‎f f‎t‎h e‎b‎a t‎t e‎r y‎i‎f‎n o‎t‎u s‎e‎i t‎,‎t h‎i s‎c‎a n‎p‎r e‎v e‎n t‎t‎h e‎b‎a t‎t e‎r y‎r‎u n‎o‎f f‎.‎4,‎c‎o n‎n e‎c t‎t‎h e‎u‎s b‎p‎l u‎g ‎t o‎d‎c‎p l‎u g‎,‎f o‎r‎p o‎w e‎r‎s u‎p p‎l y‎t‎o‎a n‎y‎o t‎h e‎r‎u s‎b‎p r‎o d‎u c‎t s‎.‎(u‎s b‎p‎o w‎e r‎,‎d c‎5‎.0‎v‎).‎5‎,‎t h‎e‎c r‎a d‎l e‎o‎f‎t h‎e‎b a‎t t‎e r‎y‎p a‎c k‎c‎a n‎b‎e‎d i‎s a‎s s‎e m‎b l‎e d‎.‎p l‎a c‎e‎t h‎e‎c r‎a d‎l e‎o‎n‎t h‎e‎b a‎s e‎p‎a r‎t‎o f‎t‎h e‎b‎a t‎t e‎r y‎w‎i t‎h‎t h‎e‎l‎s h‎a p‎e‎h o‎l e‎s,‎p‎r e‎s s‎a‎n d‎p‎u s‎h‎t o‎r‎i g‎h t‎s‎i d‎e,‎t‎h i‎s‎c a‎n‎b e‎f‎i x‎e d‎.‎(p‎a y‎a‎t t‎e n‎t i‎o n‎t‎o‎t h‎e‎u p‎a‎n d‎d‎o w‎n‎p o‎s i‎t i‎o n‎)‎p r‎e s‎s‎a n‎d‎p u‎s h‎t‎o‎l e‎f t‎s‎i d‎e,‎t‎h i‎s‎c a‎n‎b e‎r‎e l‎e a‎s e‎d.‎最‎佳答‎案‎本产‎品是‎一种‎专门‎用‎于p‎s p‎的外‎部充‎电器‎。

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（1）把握大局：grasp the overall situation (2) 摆谱儿：put on airs;keep up appearances (3)白手起家: start from scratch (4)拜年：pay New Year call (5)班门弄斧：teach one's grandma to suck eggs (5)保质期：guarantee period (6)报销：apply for reimbursement (7)爆冷门：produce an unexpected answer (8)曝光：make public (9)奔小康：strive for a relatively comfortable life (10)闭门羹：given cold-shoulder （11）比上不足，比下有余：fall short of the best,but be better than the best (12)逼上梁山：be driven to drastic alternatives (13)变相涨价：disguised inflation (14)边远贫困地区：outlying poverty-stricken areas (15)边缘知识人：Marginal intellectuals (16)表面文章：Lip service;surface formality (17) 博导：Ph.D supervisor (18)补发拖欠的养脑筋：Clear up pension payments in arrears (19)不眠之夜：white night (20)菜鸟：green hand (21)产品科技含量technoligical element of a product(22)长江三角洲：Yangtze River delta (23)长江中下游：the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River (24)超前消费:pre-mature consumption (25)城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for residents (26)城镇职工医疗保险制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers (27)重复建设：buiding redundant project;duplication of similar projects (28)充值卡：rechargeable card (29)春运：passenger transport around the Chinese lunar new year (30)打破僵局：break the deadlock/stalemate (31)电脑盲：computer illiterate (32)点球：penalty kick (33)电视会议：video conference (34)电视直销：TV home shopping (35)定向培训：training for specific posts (36)动感电影：multidimensional movie (37)豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects (38)对...毫无顾忌：make no bones about (39)夺冠：take the crown (40)政治多元化：political pluralism (41)服务行业：catering industry (42)复合型人才：inter-disciplinary talent (43)岗位培训：on-the-job training （44）高等教育自学考试：self-study higher education examination (45)高新技术产业开发区：high and new technological industrial development zone (46)各大菜系：major styles of cooking (47)各行各业：every walk of life (48)功夫不负有心人：Everything comes to him who waits (49)各尽其能：let each person do his best (50)公益活动：public welfare activities (51)工薪阶层：state employee;salaried person (52)过犹不及：going too far ia as bad as not going far enough (53)函授大学：correspondence university (54)好莱坞大片：Hollywood blockbuster (55)核心竞争力：core competitiveness (56)虎父无犬子：A wise goose never lays a tame leg (57)基本国情：fundamental realities of the country (58)激烈竞争：cut-throat competition (59)极限运动：maximal exercise/X-games(60)集中精力把经济建设搞上去：go all out for economic development (61)加班：work extra shifts (62)嘉宾:distinguished/honored guest (63)加快市场步伐：quicken the pace of marketization (64)假冒伪劣产品：counterfeit and shoddy products (65)减负：alleviate burdens on sb (66)江南水乡：the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River (67)教书育人：impart knowledge and educate people (68)脚踏实地：be down-to-earth (69)解除劳动关系：sever labor relations (70)扩大内需：expand domestic demand (71)拉拉队：cheering squad (72)论文答辩：(thesis)oral defence (73)马到成功：achieve immediate victory (74)三维电影/动画片：three-dimensional movie/animation (75)森林覆盖率：forest coverage (76)社会保险机构：social security institutions (77)社会热点问题：hot spots of society (78)社会治安情况:law-and-order situation (79)申办城市：the bidding cities (80):身体素质：physical constitution （81）生计问题：bread-and-butter issue (82)生意兴隆：business flourishes (82)市场疲软：sluggish market (83)市政工程：municipal works/engineering (84)事业单位：public institution （85）试用期：probationary period (86)首创精神：pioneering spirit (87)手机充值：cellular phone replenishing (88)台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots (89)脱贫致富：cast off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity (90)西部大开发：Development of the West Regions (91)新秀：up-and-coming star （92）学生处：students' affairs division (93)舆论导向：direction of public opinion (94)招
生就业指导办公事：enrolment and vocation guidance office (95)支柱产业：pillar conerstone industry (96)中专生：secondary specialized or technical school student (97)专题报道：special coverage (98)《阿Q正传》:The True Story of Ah Q (99)《春秋》:Spring and Autumn Annals (100)知识产权：intellectual property rights。