Dimensionality-reduction-and-visualization-of-structural-reliability-problems-using-polar-features

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浅论功能对等理论视角下的博物馆藏品英文翻译

外语外文7课程教育研究求，让他们对视频上的句型进行研究、分析、选择，创编出新的对话发布在班级微信群中，这种学习方式有利于学生在学习时进行知识建构，顺应教育改革的趋势，为学生自主学习、终身学习奠定了基础。

全球范围的信息化发展为我们变革教育教学，增强教育能力提供了契机，利用信息技术能更好地培养学生英语学习习惯，能给学生更多的空间去探索，能给学生的自主学习能力、沟通技能等21世纪技能的提高提供更广阔的平台。

参考文献：[1]国内外“学习者自主”研究探析（英文）[J].白书婷.忻州师范学院学报.2006（06）.[2]自主学习理论的研究与应用[J].王宇.牡丹江教育学院学报.2006（06）.[3]自主学习研究述评[J].郭显哲.青海师专学报.教育科学.2006（06）.[4]信息网络技术与英语课程的整合[J].汪双飞，陈坚林.外语电化教学.2006（03）.[5]基于网络的大学英语“自学+辅导”教学模式探索与实践[J].张肖莹.外语电化教学.2006（03）.一、国内博物馆藏品英文翻译存在的问题目前，国内博物馆藏品英译主要存在两个方面的问题：1.句法层面。

从句法层面上来看，博物馆藏品英译主问题是非谓语结构使用很少和过度使用并列连词and ，简而言之即汉语多动词句翻译问题。

在汉语使用中，通常从动词入手，汉语动词也不存在形态上的变化，所以汉语句子中有大量的动词。

但英语的动词是有形态变化的，句子中除了有谓语动词，还有以非谓语形式出现的动词。

2.语篇层面。

语篇的翻译中最重要的就是上下文的衔接，好的衔接才能使译文语篇连贯并具有意义。

衔接的手段主要有语法衔接和词汇衔接。

英汉文化的思维差异导致博物馆藏品解说词翻译上存在较大的问题。

汉语重视意象思维，强调“以意统形”，英语重视理性思维，强调逻辑结构和形式标记。

语篇衔接存在的主要问题为照应指代不清和词汇的重复误用。

二、功能对等理论视角下的博物馆藏品英文翻译（一）功能对等理论功能对等理论是美国著名翻译理论学家尤金•奈达提出的。

二维指称理论及其发展

收稿日期：2023-09-20基金项目：国家社会科学基金项目“意义与指称理论前沿问题研究”（21BZX04）作者简介：尹均怡，南开大学哲学院，主要从事逻辑哲学研究。

E-mail ：******************刘叶涛，南开大学哲学院，主要从事逻辑哲学与哲学逻辑研究。

E-mail ：**************摘要：查尔默斯以二维语义为视角提出了一种试图融合描述论和直接指称论的新型意义理论；通过重新把握认识论与形而上学的区分与关联，构建了一种较为系统的二维指称理论，以进一步强化“意义—理性—模态”的密切关联。

在系统阐释查尔默斯二维指称理论的建构动因、核心内容及其发展历程的基础上，通过深入考察国内外学界就此提出的质疑，并追踪查尔默斯针对这些质疑给出的回应，可为深度把握二维指称理论架构的成就与不足提供方向。

关键词：指称理论；金三角；二维指称理论；认知可能性；形而上学可能性中图分类号：B813文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-2815（2024）01-0113-12DOI ： 10.19946/j.issn.1006-2815.2024.01.010二维指称理论及其发展尹均怡刘叶涛一、背景：当代意义和指称理论的对立与交锋在当代意义理论中，描述论和直接指称论的交锋旷日持久。

弗雷格（G. Frege ）明确区分了名称的含义（sense ）和指称（reference ），强调含义在给命题赋值过程中的作用不可忽视，开创了现代指称理论的先河。

“a=a ”和“a=b ”这两种同一陈述之间存在重要区别：“a=b ”传达了一种“a=a ”无法传达的信息，这种认知意义（cognitive significance ）上的差异与被命名对象关系密切：“和一个名称相联系的，不仅具有被命名的对象（或指称），还有这个名称的含义，在其名称中包含了名称提出的方式和语境”①。

摹状词理论尽管只是为了讨论限定摹状词的意义，但罗素（B. Russell ）的基本主张经提炼，也适用于名称，从而在主要观点上与弗雷格相同：名称（专名和通名）都有含义；专名的含① Gottlob Frege, “On Sense and Nominatum Reprinted ”, in Anthony Patrick Martinich (ed.), The Philosophy of Lan-guage , Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, p.2.SCIENCE · ECONOMY ·SOCIETY 第42卷总第178期Vol.42, Total No.1782024年第1 期No.1, 20241132024年第1期义指谓的是个体对象的独有属性，通常由限定摹状词表达；通名的含义指谓一类对象的共有且仅有属性，通常由非限定摹状词表达；含义是判定指称的依据和标准，含义决定指称。

寻龙传说读后感英语作文

Raya and the Last Dragon is a captivating animated film that takes its audience on a thrilling adventure through the fantasy world of Kumandra.The story revolves around Raya,a brave and determined warrior princess,and her quest to find the last dragon,Sisu, in order to restore peace and unity to her fractured kingdom.The movie is visually stunning,with vibrant colors and intricate details that bring the world of Kumandra to life.The character design is equally impressive,showcasing a diverse cast of characters,each with their own unique personalities and abilities.Raya,in particular,is a strong and relatable protagonist,whose journey of selfdiscovery and growth is both inspiring and engaging.One of the most memorable aspects of Raya and the Last Dragon is the relationship between Raya and Sisu.Their dynamic is both humorous and heartwarming,with Sisus playful and optimistic nature serving as a foil to Rayas more serious and guarded demeanor.The bond they form throughout the film is a testament to the power of friendship and trust,and their interactions provide many of the films most emotional and impactful moments.The film also tackles themes of trust,betrayal,and the importance of unity in the face of adversity.The world of Kumandra is divided,with each region distrusting the others due to past conflicts and betrayals.Rayas journey to find the last dragon and restore harmony to her world serves as a powerful metaphor for overcoming prejudice and working together for the greater good.The action sequences in Raya and the Last Dragon are exhilarating and wellchoreographed,showcasing the characters martial arts skills and magical abilities. The film also features a beautiful and memorable score that enhances the emotional impact of key scenes.In conclusion,Raya and the Last Dragon is a visually spectacular and emotionally resonant film that offers a compelling story,memorable characters,and important messages about trust,unity,and the power of friendship.It is a mustwatch for fans of animation and fantasy,and a film that will undoubtedly stand the test of time.。

《2024年“适者生存”_翻译的生态学视角研究》范文

《“适者生存”_翻译的生态学视角研究》篇一“适者生存”_翻译的生态学视角研究适者生存：翻译的生态学视角研究一、引言“适者生存”是生物学领域中的一条基本法则，然而这一法则同样适用于诸多领域，包括翻译领域。

翻译作为人类文化交流的重要手段，其发展也遵循着生态学的规律。

本文旨在从生态学视角对翻译现象进行探究，以期对翻译活动的理解和应用有所启发。

二、生态学与翻译生态学，即研究生物体与其周围环境之间相互关系的科学。

将生态学视角引入翻译研究，旨在探究翻译活动与其所处的环境之间的相互作用和影响。

翻译不仅仅是语言之间的转换，更是一种文化、社会、历史等多重因素的交流和融合。

三、翻译的生态环境翻译的生态环境包括语言环境、文化环境、社会环境等多个方面。

语言环境是翻译活动的基础，文化环境则决定了翻译的价值观和审美取向，社会环境则影响着翻译的传播和接受程度。

这些环境因素共同构成了翻译的生态环境，对翻译活动产生着深远的影响。

四、适者生存原则在翻译中的应用在翻译的生态环境中，“适者生存”原则同样适用。

适者生存原则强调的是生物体在适应环境的过程中，通过不断进化、变异和选择，以获得更好的生存和发展。

在翻译活动中，这一原则表现为译者需要根据不同的生态环境，调整自己的翻译策略和方法，以更好地适应和满足读者的需求。

五、翻译策略与方法的生态学研究从生态学视角研究翻译策略和方法，可以发现不同的生态环境需要不同的翻译策略和方法。

例如，在语言环境中，译者需要关注语言的规范性和准确性；在文化环境中，译者需要关注文化的传承和交流；在社会环境中，译者需要关注社会的需求和变化。

通过不断调整和优化翻译策略和方法，译者可以更好地适应和融入不同的生态环境，提高翻译的质量和效果。

六、结论“适者生存”原则在翻译领域中具有重要的指导意义。

通过从生态学视角研究翻译活动，可以更好地理解翻译的生态环境和译者的角色。

同时，这也为翻译策略和方法的优化提供了新的思路和方法。

在未来的翻译实践中，我们需要更加关注生态环境的多样性，不断调整和优化翻译策略和方法，以更好地适应和满足读者的需求。

爱护环境的英语作文

Environmental protection is a crucial task for all of us,as the health of our planet directly impacts our lives and the lives of future generations.Here are some key points to consider when writing an essay on caring for the environment:1.Introduction to the Importance of the Environment:Begin your essay by highlighting the significance of the environment and how it sustains life on Earth.Mention the various ecosystems and the biodiversity they support.2.Current Environmental Issues:Discuss the pressing environmental challenges we face today,such as climate change,deforestation,pollution,loss of wildlife,and depletion of natural resources.3.Consequences of Environmental Neglect:Explain the negative impacts of not taking care of the environment,which could include health problems,loss of habitats,and economic consequences.4.Individual Actions for Environmental Care:Suggest practical steps that individuals can take to contribute to environmental protection.This may include reducing waste, recycling,conserving water and energy,and supporting sustainable practices.munity and Government Initiatives:Talk about the role of communities and governments in implementing policies and programs that promote environmental sustainability.Mention examples of successful initiatives from around the world.6.The Role of Education and Awareness:Emphasize the importance of educating the public about environmental issues and the need for collective action.Discuss the role of media,schools,and nongovernmental organizations in raising awareness.7.Technological Advancements:Highlight how technology can be harnessed to solve environmental problems,such as renewable energy sources,electric vehicles,and innovative waste management systems.8.Economic Benefits of Environmental Protection:Explain how investing in environmental protection can lead to economic growth through job creation in green industries and the development of new technologies.9.Cultural and Ethical Considerations:Discuss the cultural and ethical dimensions of environmental care,including the rights of indigenous peoples and the moral responsibility to protect the planet for future generations.10.Conclusion and Call to Action:Conclude your essay by summarizing the main points and issuing a call to action,urging readers to take personal responsibility for the environment and to support broader initiatives.Remember to use persuasive language and provide evidence to support your arguments. Cite credible sources and include examples to make your essay more engaging and convincing.。

机器学习与数据挖掘笔试面试题

What is a decision tree? What are some business reasons you might want to use a decision tree model? How do you build a decision tree model? What impurity measures do you know? Describe some of the different splitting rules used by different decision tree algorithms. Is a big brushy tree always good? How will you compare aegression? Which is more suitable under different circumstances? What is pruning and why is it important? Ensemble models: To answer questions on ensemble models here is a :
Why do we combine multiple trees? What is Random Forest? Why would you prefer it to SVM? Logistic regression: Link to Logistic regression Here's a nice tutorial What is logistic regression? How do we train a logistic regression model? How do we interpret its coefficients? Support Vector Machines A tutorial on SVM can be found and What is the maximal margin classifier? How this margin can be achieved and why is it beneficial? How do we train SVM? What about hard SVM and soft SVM? What is a kernel? Explain the Kernel trick Which kernels do you know? How to choose a kernel? Neural Networks Here's a link to on Coursera What is an Artificial Neural Network? How to train an ANN? What is back propagation? How does a neural network with three layers (one input layer, one inner layer and one output layer) compare to a logistic regression? What is deep learning? What is CNN (Convolution Neural Network) or RNN (Recurrent Neural Network)? Other models: What other models do you know? How can we use Naive Bayes classifier for categorical features? What if some features are numerical? Tradeoffs between different types of classification models. How to choose the best one? Compare logistic regression with decision trees and neural networks. and What is Regularization? Which problem does Regularization try to solve? Ans. used to address the overfitting problem, it penalizes your loss function by adding a multiple of an L1 (LASSO) or an L2 (Ridge) norm of your weights vector w (it is the vector of the learned parameters in your linear regression). What does it mean (practically) for a design matrix to be "ill-conditioned"? When might you want to use ridge regression instead of traditional linear regression? What is the difference between the L1 and L2 regularization? Why (geometrically) does LASSO produce solutions with zero-valued coefficients (as opposed to ridge)? and What is the purpose of dimensionality reduction and why do we need it? Are dimensionality reduction techniques supervised or not? Are all of them are (un)supervised? What ways of reducing dimensionality do you know? Is feature selection a dimensionality reduction technique? What is the difference between feature selection and feature extraction? Is it beneficial to perform dimensionality reduction before fitting an SVM? Why or why not? and Why do you need to use cluster analysis? Give examples of some cluster analysis methods? Differentiate between partitioning method and hierarchical methods. Explain K-Means and its objective? How do you select K for K-Means?

Dimensionality Reduction

Matlab Toolbox for Dimensionality ReductionLaurens van der Maaten aa MICC,Maastricht UniversityP.O.Box616,6200MD Maastricht,The NetherlandsAbstractThe demonstration presents the Matlab Toolbox for Dimensionality Reduction.The toolbox is publiclyavailable and contains implementations of virtually all state-of-the-art techniques for dimensionality re-duction and intrinsic dimensionality estimation.It provides implementations of27techniques for di-mensionality reduction,6techniques for intrinsic dimensionality estimation,and additional functions forout-of-sample extension,data generation,and data prewhitening.The demonstration illustrates the func-tionality of the toolbox and provides insight into the capabilities of state-of-the-art techniques for dimen-sionality reduction.1IntroductionDimensionality reduction is the transformation of high-dimensional data into a meaningful representation of lower dimensionality.It is an importantﬁeld in machine learning,since it facilitates classiﬁcation,com-pression,and visualization of high-dimensional data,by mitigating various undesired properties of high-dimensional spaces.Traditionally,dimensionality reduction is performed by means of linear techniques such as PCA and LDA.Recent advances in dimensionality reduction are based on the intuition that high-dimensional data lies on or near a low-dimensional manifold that is embedded in the high-dimensional space[1].This intuition has led to the proposal of a large number of techniques that are based on the eval-uation of local properties of the data,under the assumption that the data manifold is locally linear.These techniques can be subdivided into three different types:(1)techniques that preserve global properties of the data such as Isomap and FastMVU,(2)techniques that preserve local properties of the data such as LLE and Laplacian Eigenmaps,and(3)techniques that perform global alignment of a mixture of local linear models such as manifold charting and LLC.In addition to these techniques,advances in kernel-based methods had led to the proposal of kernelized versions of PCA and LDA,and advances in the training of Boltzmann Ma-chines have allowed for successful application of autoencoder networks on large-scale problems.In[3],we presented a comparative review of novel techniques for dimensionality reduction.As part of this work,we developed a Matlab toolbox that contains implementations of all important techniques for dimensionality reduction,many of which were not publicly available before.Most of the implementations were developed from scratch.The implementations were designed in order to be conservative with respect to their use of memory.In addition to the techniques for dimensionality reduction,the toolbox contains implementations of six intrinsic dimensionality estimators.The demonstration consists of a set of experiments on artiﬁcial and real-world data.It provides an overview of the functionality of the toolbox and gives some insight into the capabilities of state-of-the-art techniques for dimensionality reduction.2Matlab Toolbox for Dimensionality ReductionThe Matlab Toolbox for Dimensionality Reduction contains implementations of the following27techniques for dimensionality reduction:(1)PCA,(2)Simple PCA,(3)probabilistic PCA,(4)LDA,(5)multidimen-sional scaling,(6)Isomap,(7)Landmark Isomap,(8)FastMVU,(9)diffusion maps,(10)Kernel PCA,(11) Kernel LDA,(12)Stochastic Neighbor Embedding,(13)Stochastic Proximity Embedding,(14)Local Lin-ear Embedding,(15)Laplacian Eigenmaps,(16)Hessian LLE,(17)Local Tangent Space Analysis,(18)autoencoders using RBMs,(19)autoencoders using evolutionary learning,(20)Maximum Variance Unfold-ing,(21)Conformal Eigenmaps,(22)Locality Preserving Projection,(23)Neighborhood Preserving Em-bedding,(24)Linear LTSA,(25)Local Linear Coordination,(26)manifold charting,and(27)Coordinated Factor Analysis.In addition to the dimensionality reduction techniques and the six intrinsic dimensionality estimators,the toolbox includes functions for out-of-sample extension,data generation,and prewhitening. An overview of all techniques that are implemented in the toolbox is given in[2].The performance of six techniques for dimensionality reduction on the Swiss roll dataset(see Figure1)is illustrated in Figure2. The Matlab Toolbox for Dimensionality Reduction is publicly available for non-commercial use,and canFigure1:Swiss roll dataset.Figure2:Example of the performance of six techniques for di-mensionality reduction on the Swiss roll dataset.The plot showsthe2-dimensional data representations computed by PCA,dif-fusion maps,LLE,Laplacian Eigenmaps,LTSA,and manifoldcharting.be obtained from http://www.cs.unimaas.nl/l.vandermaaten/dr.It runs on any computer that has Matlab R14(or a newer version)and the Statistics Toolbox installed.For efﬁciency,some parts of the toolbox are coded in C++.The toolbox contains precompiled versions of this code for the Windows, Linux,and Mac(Intel and PowerPC)platforms.References[1]J.B.Tenenbaum,V.de Silva,and ngford.A global geometric framework for nonlinear dimen-sionality reduction.Science,290(5500):2319–2323,2000.[2]L.J.P.van der Maaten.An introduction to dimensionality reduction using Matlab.Technical Report07-06,MICC-IKAT,Maastricht University,Maastricht,The Netherlands,2007.[3]L.J.P.van der Maaten,E.O.Postma,and H.J.van den Herik.Dimensionality reduction:A comparativereview.Preprint.2007.。

科学技术的四种不确定性及其风险规避路径

科学技术的四种不确定性及其风险规避路径关于《科学技术的四种不确定性及其风险规避路径》，是我们特意为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助。

摘要：科学技术在实现其社会功能的同时，也给人类社会发展带来了一系列现实问题。

科学技术的四种不确定性是其根源所在：科学技术理论层面的不确定性、科学技术功能的不确定性、科学技术研究的不确定性和源于人类主观意志的不确定性。

不同种类的不确定性需要采取不同的风险规避路径。

约纳斯基于现代技术的巨大力量创立了一种未来导向的“责任伦理”，在他的理论视阈下审视科技的四种不确定性及其风险规避路径，有利于我们准确理解和把握这一问题。

不确定性将永远伴随着科技的演化以及人类的发展，我们应该以理性的态度看待和处理科学技术的不确定性问题。

下载论文网?P键词：责任伦理；科学技术；不确定性；风险；技术自主论中图分类号：N031文献标识码：A文章编号：1673-5595（2018）02-0078-05现代科学技术已然成为一种新的力量[1]5，正在威胁着未来“人类必须存在”这一首要的绝对命令[1]57，用汉斯?约纳斯的话讲“人类无权毁灭自己”[1]49。

科学与技术本应成为人类获取自由解放的一种内在力量，但是，现代科技异化问题日益威胁着未来人类自身的生存。

该状况的主要根源在于科学技术的不确定性。

本文基于约纳斯“责任伦理”的相关思想，对科学技术的四种不确定性进行微观解析，进而提出规避风险的逻辑路径，从而对不确定性进行必要的理性审视。

无论从理论角度还是研究角度，科学与技术之间都具有内在一致性，用约纳斯的话讲，“科学中有技术……技术中有科学”[2]12。

本文拟从整体考察，不再单独分析。

一、科学技术的四种不确定性约纳斯面对现代技术带来的可怕后果，基于“忧惧启迪法”构建了一种未来导向的责任伦理。

[1]35-66忧惧启迪法的首要逻辑前提就是科学预测的不确定性[1]39-40，因此，从未来导向的视角看，科学技术的不确定性自然成为学术界应该准确把握的问题。

研究生英语_多维教程熟谙-课文翻译

多为教程－英语翻译（第二册）Unit1 从能力到责任1当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。

他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。

年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。

处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。

一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。

一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。

2最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。

尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。

一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。

”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。

在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?3毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。

美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。

那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。

所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。

设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?4核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。

5类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。

nscacscs第四版第十四章内容

nscacscs第四版第十四章内容第四版第十四章内容：人工智能与未来社会人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，简称AI）是当今科技领域最炙手可热的话题之一。

在第四版的第十四章中，我们将深入探讨人工智能与未来社会的关系，以及其对我们生活的影响。

首先，我们需要明确人工智能的定义。

人工智能是一种模拟人类智能的技术，通过计算机系统实现对复杂问题的分析、判断和决策。

它可以模拟人类的思维过程，具备学习、推理、识别和理解等能力。

随着科技的不断进步，人工智能已经在各个领域得到广泛应用，包括医疗、金融、交通、教育等。

人工智能的发展对未来社会产生了深远的影响。

首先，人工智能的出现将改变我们的工作方式。

许多重复性、繁琐的工作将被机器人或自动化系统取代，从而提高工作效率和生产力。

然而，这也意味着一些传统的工作岗位可能会消失，需要我们不断学习和适应新的技能。

其次，人工智能的应用将改变我们的生活方式。

例如，智能家居系统可以通过语音识别和自动化控制，实现对家庭设备的智能管理。

智能助手可以帮助我们处理日常事务，提供个性化的服务。

虚拟现实技术可以让我们身临其境地体验各种场景。

这些技术的出现将极大地提升我们的生活质量和便利性。

然而，人工智能的发展也带来了一些挑战和问题。

首先，人工智能的普及可能导致一些道德和伦理问题的出现。

例如，自动驾驶汽车在遇到危险情况时如何做出决策，成为了一个备受争议的话题。

其次，人工智能的发展可能会导致一些就业岗位的消失，增加社会的不平等。

此外，人工智能的算法可能存在偏见和歧视，需要我们加强监管和规范。

为了应对这些挑战和问题，我们需要制定相应的政策和法规。

首先，我们需要加强对人工智能技术的监管，确保其安全和可靠性。

其次，我们需要加强对人工智能的研究和发展，培养更多的专业人才。

同时，我们也需要加强对人工智能的教育和普及，提高公众对人工智能的认知和理解。

总之，人工智能是未来社会发展的重要驱动力之一。

解构主义美学对空间叙事的意义——以拉·维莱特公园为例

accumulation of civilization, the number of spaces expressing rich spiritual content will also increase. For architects pursuing new architectural space design schemes, space narrative is undoubtedly a solution strategy. Tschumi uses the event-architecture theory in la Villette park to refer to the three parts of space, events and activities in the city through the three levels of point, line and plane. The narrative of space is well conveyed.Key words narrative space; deconstruction aesthetics; la Villette park; multiculturalism当今信息化技术发展迅速，相较于以往任何一个时代，人们受到的多样性数据冲击是前所未有的，对于空间的社会文化情感需求更加突出。

在此背景下，解构主义率先提出融合叙事领域的思想，伯纳德·屈米（Bernard Tschumi，以下简称“屈米”）作为先锋，其设计的拉·维莱特公园是建筑和景观领域运用叙事学进行创作的典例。

文章将以拉·维莱特公园设计方案为例，从建筑叙事学的视角分析该公园内建筑的形成过程与动因，剖析建筑师的思维轨迹及其作品的美学意义，从而使读者领会解构主义美学对当代空间叙事的积极作用，期望建筑师将构建更多元的人与场所的互动。

科技对创新的作用英语作文

In the modern era,the role of technology in innovation is paramount and cannot be overemphasized.Technology has become the driving force behind the rapid pace of advancements we witness in various fields.Here is an essay discussing the significant impact of technology on innovation:Title:The Role of Technology in InnovationIntroduction:Innovation is the lifeblood of progress,and technology is the catalyst that accelerates its development.As we stand on the brink of a new era,characterized by rapid technological advancements,it is essential to understand how technology plays a pivotal role in fostering innovation.The Power of Connectivity:One of the most significant contributions of technology to innovation is the power of connectivity.The internet,as a global network,has connected people,ideas,and resources like never before.This interconnectedness has led to the rapid exchange of information,facilitating collaboration across geographical boundaries and enabling the sharing of knowledge that fuels innovation.Data and Analytics:The ability to collect,analyze,and interpret vast amounts of data has revolutionized the way we approach problemsolving and decisionmaking.Big data analytics and artificial intelligence AI have become indispensable tools in identifying patterns,predicting trends, and creating innovative solutions to complex problems.Automation and Robotics:The automation of processes through robotics and AI has not only increased efficiency and productivity but also opened up new avenues for innovation.By taking over repetitive tasks,these technologies free up human resources to focus on more creative and strategic aspects of work,leading to breakthrough ideas and novel approaches. Digital Platforms and Tools:The proliferation of digital platforms and tools has democratized access to innovation. Crowdsourcing,opensource software,and online incubators provide platforms where individuals and organizations can collaborate,share ideas,and develop new products and services.Virtual and Augmented Reality:The advent of virtual reality VR and augmented reality AR has transformed the way weinteract with digital content and the physical world.These technologies offer immersive experiences that can be used for training,simulation,and the development of new products,thereby enhancing the innovation process.Sustainable Innovation:Technology also plays a crucial role in sustainable innovation.Renewable energy technologies,electric vehicles,and smart grids are examples of how technological advancements are addressing environmental challenges and promoting sustainable development.Challenges and Ethical Considerations:While technology has opened up numerous opportunities for innovation,it also presents challenges such as data privacy,cybersecurity,and the ethical implications of AI.It is crucial for innovators to navigate these issues responsibly to ensure that technology serves the greater good.Conclusion:In conclusion,technology is the cornerstone of modern innovation,providing the tools, platforms,and connectivity necessary for groundbreaking advancements.As we continue to harness its power,it is imperative to remain mindful of the ethical and social implications,ensuring that technology serves to enhance and enrich our collective future.The Future Outlook:Looking ahead,the fusion of technologies such as AI,IoT,and quantum computing will likely lead to unprecedented levels of innovation.It is an exciting time to be part of this technological revolution,where the potential for positive change is limitless.。

三维适应性选择转换与汉英公示语翻译

论将翻译方法简括为 “ 维” 换，三转即在 “ 维度适应与适应性多
ｗｔｙｕｅ ”另一处翻译成“ａｔｎｓｐ，ａｃｏｒｔ，ｈｓｐｃｕｉ，ｌ ” 不仅译法不统ｏｉ
，
一
而且都不恰当。 ‘ ｔｈｙｕｔ ” 意思是注意脚下，＇ｃｏｒｓｐ的ｗａｅ英
市西湖区提出了 “ 品质西湖、和谐社 ’ 的宣传口号，但其译文
“
ｑａｔＸｉ，ａｍｏｉｓｏｉｙ却让人匪夷所思。首先，ｕｌｙｈｈｒｎｏｃｅ＇ｉｕｕｓｔ’ 原
公示语中的 ‘ 湖” 西指的是 ‘ 湖区” 西而不是著名的旅游景点 ‘ 西
－－－— —
进行调整，改译为 “ｔｖｒａｉｄａｍｏｉｕｆ拟Ｓｒｅｏｑｌｙａｒｎｏｓｉｉｉｆａｕｔｎｈｌｅｎ
ＸｉｕＤｉｔｃ＇ｈｓｒｔ。ｉ ’
ｗｉｎｅｏｄ，ａｔｇｔｂｌ＇他们更乐意被称为 “ｉｔｒ。ｉｏｔ ’ ｖｓｏ＇ｉ ’
适应和至少 ‘ 维” 三的选择转换，才可能产生出恰当的译文；适应转换的维度越多，选择的适应性越高，译文的整合适应选择
度（ｇｅｆｏｉｉａａｔｔｎａｄｓｌｔｎ也才有可能相也ｅｅｒｅｈｌｔｐａｏｅｉ）ｄｏｓｃｄｉｎｅｃｏ
在杭州植物园内，小卖部” “ 被译成了‘ｍａｏ＇‘ｍａ＇ｌｓｐ．ｓｌｓｌｈ ’＇ｌｓｏ”的字面意思是小商店，ｈｐ这在中国人看来很好理解，可是
外国游客就要迷茫了。小卖部” “ 里卖的是食品、饮料，ｓｌ而ｍａｌ

Herth 希望评价模型 (HHI)

Herth 希望评价模型 (HHI)
简介
Herth 希望评价模型 (HHI) 是一种用于评估个体希望水平的工具。

它由心理学家 Herth 在20世纪80年代开发，并广泛应用于临
床和研究领域。

目的
HHI 的主要目的是帮助评估个体对未来的期望和希望水平。

这
个模型可以用来评估人们在面对困难、挫折和逆境时的心理状态和
应对能力。

测量指标
HHI 通过以下指标来评估个体的希望水平：
1. 希望水平：个体对未来的期望和信心水平。

2. 目标设置：个体设定的实际目标和期望。

3. 逆境应对：个体在面对困难和逆境时的应对能力和心理状态。

4. 支持系统：个体所拥有的社会和情感支持。

应用领域
HHI 主要应用于以下领域：
1. 临床实践：在心理咨询和治疗中，评估个体的希望水平，以
制定个性化的治疗计划。

2. 研究领域：在心理学和社会科学研究中，用于了解不同人群
的希望水平和与其他心理变量的关系。

3. 教育领域：在教育环境中，帮助评估学生的希望水平和心理
健康状况，以提供必要的支持和干预措施。

使用建议
在使用 HHI 进行评估时，应注意以下建议：
1. 独立评估：评估希望水平时，应独立进行，不依赖他人的意
见或帮助。

2. 简化策略：使用简单的评估策略，避免法律复杂性和纠纷。

3. 确保可确认性：在使用HHI 时，避免引用无法确认的内容，确保评估结果的可靠性。

通过使用 Herth 希望评价模型 (HHI)，我们可以更好地了解个体的希望水平和心理状态，为他们提供相应的支持和干预措施。

EN 50128铁路应用—通信、信号和处理系统—铁路控制和防护系统软件

EN 50128 : 2001铁路应用——通信、信号和处理系统——铁路控制和防护系统软件2007.6序言本欧洲标准是SC 9XA,即通信，信号传输和处理系统技术委员会（CENELEC TC 9X）制订，铁路电气和电子应用的标准。

草案文本作为EN 50128正式提交投票并于2000-11-01获得CENELEC 批准。

修改了下列日期--欧盟各国必须通过认可或发布相同的国家标准来执行本欧洲标准的截止日期2001 -1 1-01--与本欧洲标准冲突的国家标准必须被废止的截止日期2003-1 1-01本欧洲标准必须与EN50126铁路应用——可靠性，可用性，可维护性和安全性（RAMS）；EN50129铁路应用——信号领域的安全相关电子系统同时阅读。

附件中指定的“规范性的”是本项标准主体的一部分。

附件中指定的“参考性的”只用于获得的信息。

本项标准中，附件A是规范性的而附件B是参考性的。

目录引言1.范围2.参考文献3.定义4.目标和符合5.软件安全完整性等级5．1目标5．2需求6.人员及职责6．1目标6．2需求7.生命周期和文档7．1目标7．2需求8.软件需求规格说明8．1目标8．2输入文档8．3输出文档8．4需求9.软件体系结构9．1目标9．2输入文档9．3输出文档9．4需求10.软件设计和实现10．1目标10．2输入文档10．3输出文档10．4需求11.软件验证和测试11．1目标11．2输入文档11．3输出文档11．4需求12.软件/硬件集成12．1目标12．2输入文档12．3输出文档12．4需求13.软件确认13．1目标13．2输入文档13．3输出文档13．4需求14.软件评估14．1目标14．2输入文档14．3输出文档14．4需求15.软件质量保障15．1目标15．2输入文档15．3输出文档15．4需求16.软件维护16．1目标16．2输入文档16．3输出文档16．4需求17.根据应用数据配置的系统17．1目标17．2输入文档17．3输出文档17．4需求17．4．1数据准备生命周期17．4．2数据准备程序和工具17．4．3软件开发附件A：技术和措施的选择准则附件B：技术参考书目附图图1——安全相关系统的完整性等级图2——软件安全性路径图图3——开发生命周期1图4——开发生命周期2图5——独立性与软件完整性等级图6——通用系统开发和应用开发之间的关系引言本标准是相关标准系列中的一部分。

蒙特利尔认知评估在轻度认知障碍转化随访研究中的应用

蒙特利尔认知评估在轻度认知障碍转化随访研究中的应用一、蒙特利尔认知评估简介蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）是一种简短的认知功能评估工具，最初由加拿大蒙特利尔大学的Nasreddine教授等人开发，于2005年首次发布。

该评估工具包括视觉—空间执行、命名、记忆力、注意力、语言、抽象思维、判断力、执行功能等多个认知领域，共30个项目，满分30分。

与其他评估工具相比，MoCA在评估认知功能损害方面更为敏感，对轻度认知障碍的诊断准确性更高。

MoCA已被广泛用于老年痴呆症的早期诊断和认知功能研究中。

二、蒙特利尔认知评估在轻度认知障碍转化随访研究中的应用1. 早期识别和诊断MoCA通过对受试者进行多个认知领域的评估，可以及早发现轻度认知障碍的迹象，并进行早期诊断。

研究表明，MoCA的敏感性和特异性明显高于其他认知评估工具，特别是在评估执行功能等高阶认知领域方面更为准确。

临床医生可以通过MoCA对患者进行全面的认知功能评估，及早发现认知功能损害的迹象，帮助患者及时采取干预措施。

2. 预测认知功能转化轻度认知障碍的发展趋势不确定，部分患者可能逐渐进展为痴呆症。

MoCA可以在早期诊断的基础上，通过对认知功能的不同领域进行评估，帮助医生预测患者的认知功能转化趋势。

研究表明，MoCA评分低于26分的患者，其认知功能转化为痴呆症的风险明显增加。

MoCA可以帮助医生在早期诊断的基础上，预测患者的病情发展趋势，为临床干预提供科学依据。

三、蒙特利尔认知评估的优势1. 敏感性高：MoCA在各个认知领域的评估都较为全面，对认知功能损害的敏感性明显高于其他评估工具，尤其在评估执行功能等高阶认知领域方面更为准确。

2. 评估内容丰富：MoCA涵盖了视觉—空间执行、命名、记忆力、注意力、语言、抽象思维、判断力、执行功能等多个认知领域，评估内容丰富，可以全面了解患者的认知功能状态。

3. 操作简便：MoCA评估工具简短、简便，仅需20分钟左右即可完成，极大地减轻了医生和患者的负担，适合临床应用。

(2008)Dimensionality reduction： A comparative review

Dimensionality Reduction: A Comparative Review
L.J.P. van der Maaten ∗ , E.O. Postma, H.J. van den Herik
MICC, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
22 February 2008
the number of techniques and tasks that are addressed). Motivated by the lack of a systematic comparison of dimensionality reduction techniques, this paper presents a comparative study of the most important linear dimensionality reduction technique (PCA), and twelve frontranked nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques. The aims of the paper are (1) to investigate to what extent novel nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques outperform the traditional PCA on real-world datasets and (2) to identify the inherent weaknesses of the twelve nonlinear dimenisonality reduction techniques. The investigation is performed by both a theoretical and an empirical evaluation of the dimensionality reduction techniques. The identiﬁcation is performed by a careful analysis of the empirical results on speciﬁcally designed artiﬁcial datasets and on the real-world datasets. Next to PCA, the paper investigates the following twelve nonlinear techniques: (1) multidimensional scaling, (2) Isomap, (3) Maximum Variance Unfolding, (4) Kernel PCA, (5) diffusion maps, (6) multilayer autoencoders, (7) Locally Linear Embedding, (8) Laplacian Eigenmaps, (9) Hessian LLE, (10) Local Tangent Space Analysis, (11) Locally Linear Coordination, and (12) manifold charting. Although our comparative review includes the most important nonlinear techniques for dimensionality reduction, it is not exhaustive. In the appendix, we list other important (nonlinear) dimensionality reduction techniques that are not included in our comparative review. There, we brieﬂy explain why these techniques are not included. The outline of the remainder of this paper is as follows. In Section 2, we give a formal deﬁnition of dimensionality reduction. Section 3 brieﬂy discusses the most important linear technique for dimensionality reduction (PCA). Subsequently, Section 4 describes and discusses the selected twelve nonlinear techniques for dimensionality reduction. Section 5 lists all techniques by theoretical characteristics. Then, in Section 6, we present an empirical comparison of twelve techniques for dimensionality reduction on ﬁve artiﬁcial datasets and ﬁve natural datasets. Section 7 discusses the results of the experiments; moreover, it identiﬁes weaknesses and points of improvement of the selected nonlinear techniques. Section 8 provides our conclusions. Our main conclusion is that the focus of the research community should shift towards nonlocal techniques for dimensionality reduction with objective functions that can be optimized well in practice (such as PCA, Kernel PCA, and autoencoders).

2024-2025学年辽宁省大连市滨城高中联盟高三上学期期中考试英语试卷

2024-2025学年辽宁省大连市滨城高中联盟高三上学期期中考试英语试卷The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. CAUSES OF BURNSYou can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals. TYPES OF BURNSBurns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. ● First- degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents.● Second- degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include burns caused by hot liquids.● Third- degree burns These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once.FIRST-AID TREATMENT1. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.2. Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.3. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.4. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.5. If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.6. If the victim is suffering from second or third- degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/ her to the hospital at once.1. What is an example of a first- degree burn mentioned in the text?A．A slight kitchen burn. B．A burn from very hot water.C．A severe burn from a petrol fire. D．A deep tissue damage from steam.2. Why shouldn't oil be applied to burn?A．It is a poor conductor of heat.B．It can worsen the burn by trapping heat.C．It will increase pain and cause immediate scarring.D．It may lead to infection by creating a wet environment.3. Where would you expect to find the information above?A．A financial newsletter. B．A beauty and skincare guide.C．A home improvement magazine. D．A first- aid book.On a quiet afternoon, as the sunlight shone through the curtains and cast a warm glow on the attic (阁楼) floor, I started a journey through time. It was there, in the corner behind the old suitcase, that I made a fascinating discovery—a shoebox filled with old letters.These letters, tied together with a faded ribbon, were a collection of conversations between my grandmother and her friends from past time. The dusty smell of aged paper and ink filled the air, transporting me to a time when communication was a deliberate and heartfelt act.In an age where a simple text or email can convey our thoughts, these letters served as a deeply touching reminder of the depth and meaning that can be found in the written word. They were more than just messages; they were pieces of a life, snapshots of a time, and most importantly, they were a bridge between the past and the present, between my grandmother's generation and my own.With the letters safely back in their resting place, I made a quiet promise to myself— to pick up pen and paper more often, to write not just messages, but little pieces of history that future generations might one day cherish.In a world racing towards the future, it's the old letters that remind us to slow down, to appreciate the moment, and to write our own stories with care. And perhaps, one day, someone will find my letters and experience the same joy of discovery, the same sense of connection across the years. For now, the attic holds not just boxes of old letters but also the promise of stories yet to be told.4. What does the author consider the letters to be?A．Simple messages from the past. B．Bridges between different generations.C．Outdated communication methods. D．Unimportant things of past time.5. What personal resolution does the author make after reflecting on the letters?A．To clean the attic of unnecessary items.B．To digitize all family letters for preservation.C．To learn more about the history of the family.D．To write more frequently to maintain connections.6. Which sentence may the author agree according to the passage?A．Every family has a story to tell.B．The pen is stronger than the sword.C．Old letters carry voices from the past.D．The hand that writes the history makes the history.7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A．Treasure in Letters. B．A Journey Through the Attic.C．Digital Distraction. D．The Power of Pen and Ink.Research into whether the human voice helps plants isn't conclusive. Even so, there are convincing reasons that chatting up your potted friends is good for them—and you.Plants don't interrupt when you' re speaking. They don't argue or ask difficult questions. And regardless of whether they're actually listening, research has shown them to be a calming presence. It's no wonder, then, that so many of us talk to ours.In a 2022 survey by trees. com. 50 percent of the 1, 250 respondents reported talking to their plants and trees. When asked why, 65 percent said they believe it helps them grow. The research. however, isn't definitive about this point. While studies have found that vibrations (震动) caused by sound do affect plants, the jury's still out on whether the human voice offers any specific benefit.A study in a 2003 issue of the journal Ultrasonics investigated the effects of classical music and the sounds of birds, insects and water on the growth of Chinese cabbage and cucumber. The conclusion? Both forms of sound exposure increased the vegetables' growth.“Plants definitely respond to vibrations in their environment — which can cause plants to grow differently and become more resistant to falling over, " says Heidi Appel. a professor of environmental sciences at the University of Toledo in Ohio. “Those vibrations can come from airborne (空气传播的) sounds or insects moving on the plants themselves. And plants will respond differently to tones and music than to silence. "Despite the lack of studies and evidence about the benefits of talking to your plants, there is at least one potential benefit. “If we identify with a living organism that we' re tasked with taking care of, we' re going to take better car c of it, " Appel says. For example, if talking to your plants helps you feel more connected to them, you might water, dust and prune (修剪) them more regularly and take other measures to care for them and help them thrive.8. What does “the jury's still out” imply about the effect of the human voice on plants in the paragraph 3?A．The result is still up in the air. B．The fact will be proven.C．General agreement has been reached. D．The possibility is ruled out.9. What does Heidi Appel suggest about the relationship between plants and humans?A．Plants prefer music over other sounds.B．Sound has little effect on plant growth.C．Feeling connected to plants can lead to better care.D．Plants can communicate with humans through sound.10. What is the author's attitude to the benefits of talking to plants?A．Indifferent and unconvinced. B．Objective with a positive outlook.C．Critical and dismissive. D．Highly enthusiastic and supportive.11. What is the main idea of the passage?A．The best ways to care for plants. B．The history of plant research.C．How talking to plants can affect them. D．The advantages of indoor gardening. Why does one plus one equal two? One possible answer is “It just does!” Math can seem like a world of rules you just have to follow, which makes it seem rigid and boring. Whereas my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking rules, or at least pushing against them. Sometimes, one plus one can equal more than two. If you and your friend both have enough cash to buy one cup of coffee, then together you still might have enough to buy three. If one pair of tennis players gets together with another pair for an afternoon of tennis, there ends up being more than two pairs of tennis players because they could play in all sorts of different combinations. Sometimes, one plus one is just one, like if you put a pile of sand on top of another pile of sand, then you just get on c pile of sand. Or, as an art student of mine pointed out, if you mix one color with on c color, you get one color.Actually, Math isn't really about getting the right answer. It's about building good justifications. I often hear parents complaining if children can do something one way, why do they need to know all these other ways?Imagine we were designing a jungle gym for children. We'd want to test it in every possible way to make sure it's safe. We'd want to jump on it, swing from it, fall from it and try to pull it out of the ground, rather than simply trusting that we built it well. The solidity of math comes from not wanting to trust things, but wanting to jump and swing and know that our framework will hold up. One of the reasons the framework is so strong is preciscly because we question it so deeply.I hope that we will start seeing mathematics as a place to pose questions and explore answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed and we' re supposed to know them. And I hope we will place more emphasis on those who are curious, and who follow their curiosity on a journey that may be slow and without a clear destination, a quiet walk through the countryside rather than a race to the finish.12. In what way does the author approach mathematical rules?A．Thinking outside the box. B．Following them strictly.C．Finding them entertaining. D．Recognizing their importance.13. In the context of tennis players, what does the author mean by “one plus one can be more than two”?A．Tennis players can teach each other new techniques.B．More tennis equipment is needed for each additional player.C．The enjoyment of tennis doubles when more players are involved.D．Two pairs of tennis players can form multiple doubles combinations.14. What is the purpose of mentioning the jungle gym in paragraph 5?A．To simplify the complexity of mathematical learning.B．To illustrate the value of diverse mathematical approaches.C．To demonstrate that math is only useful in practical applications.D．To argue that a single method is sufficient for understanding math.15. What does the author hope for the future of mathematics?A．It will become more rule- based. B．It will focus on getting the correctanswer.C．It will promote the joy of discovery. D．It will emphasize speed and efficiency. Summer can be fun—until boredom strikes. Scientists have learned that boredom reflects our human need for meaningful and challenging activities—and it often spurs us to find them. But where to start? 16 .Seek something meaningfulWe get a ton of satisfaction from looking beyond ourselves, helping others, and working to solve problems. Think of one tiny step you can take to help solve a problem that’s often on your mind.17 . Talk with a parent about volunteering at a children’s library or an animal shelter.18Putting yourself out of your comfort zone is a surefire way to wake up your senses. Learn how to say three sentences in a language that has always fascinated you. Spend an afternoon playing a sport you never tried before. What makes you nervous? Tackle your fear: Sing in front of others. Ride a roller coaster. Learn about snakes.Add variety19 . Invite a new kid to join you in an activity. Try tasting a new food every week. Mix things up a little!Be a friend (OR two)When you try a new activity with someone, it’s double the fun! And it doesn’t matter if you’ re awesome or terrible at it. 20 . Go rollerskating, or try two- person juggling. Film a funny news show. Add mystery ingredients to cookies, then ask your famil y and friends to guess what’s in them. Leave room for surprisesNOT planning out every detail of your day can lead to wonderful things. Listen more closely to other people’s suggestions. Ask yourself “Why Not?” more often. Pay attention to what’s around you, and make time to explore!Every day, as I commute to school on the bus, I’m part of a diverse group of individuals. The bus is filled with the _______ faces of labor workers, the energetic chatting of students. and the thoughtful expressions of office professionals. The bus, with its constant movement, is a small _______ of the busy world outside, where everyone is on their own journey.One particular day, I was seated next to an elderly man whose eyes seemed to hold a depth of experience and wisdom. His presence served as a gentle _______ that each person carries unique stories shaped by the years.As the bus rolled along, it _______ me that our lives, much like this bus ride, are full of brief encounters and shared moments. We share the same space with others, yet often _______ to take the time to understand one another’s stories. This realization made me value each interaction more deeply. Each person I _______ on the bus, no matter how _______ , might have something valuable to share, something that could broaden my _______ into the world.Now. I’ve made it a _______ to appreciate these chance encounters. They may appear as ordinary folks, but each one has the potential to offer a new perspective or a life lesson. Life is a ________ of small, significant moments, and being mindful of them can greatly enrich our experiences and enable us to ________ more quickly to the intentions and feelings of other s. So, let’s not be too________ in our journey through life. Let’s take a moment to appreciate the beauty and connections we make, for they are the ________ teachers and the storytellers of our shared human experience. By doing so, we ________ ourselves to learn from the people we meet and the world around us,________ depth and color to our own lives that we might otherwise overlook.21.A．annoyed B．tired C．confused D．thrilled22.A．imagination B．thought C．reflection D．impression23.A．reminder B．warning C．sign D．mark24.A．stuck B．occurred C．told D．hit25.A．start B．manage C．struggle D．fail26.A．run into B．find out C．come up D．go through27.A．instantly B．regularly C．briefly D．deliberately28.A．recognition B．insight C．awareness D．knowledge29.A．duty B．point C．purpose D．mistake30.A．collection B．part C．couple D．bit31.A．pick up B．catch on C．work out D．bring back32.A．casual B．focused C．hurried D．concerned33.A．strict B．patient C．silent D．motivated34.A．force B．persuade C．advocate D．allow35.A．engaging B．leaving C．making D．adding阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dimensionality Reduction

LLE & Isomap TutorialMachine Learning for Graphics, Vision and Multimedia, 2006Communication and Multimedia LaboratoryCSIE, National Taiwan University許平 vivace@.tw謝昌熹isaddo@.tw 1. Dimensionality Reduction2. MDS3. Isomap4. LLE5. Isomap & LLE Applications6. References2345811Dimensionality Reduction高維度的資料往往很難描述、計算，一個常用的方法是假設這些資料並非真的存在於這麼高的維度上，也就是說，可以用一個較低維度的非線性流形(non-linear manifold) 來模擬這些資料。

流形(Manifold)，一般可以認為是局部具有歐氏空間性質的空間。

而實際上歐氏空間就是流形最簡單的實例。

像地球表面這樣的球面是一個稍為複雜的例子。

一般的流形可以通過把許多平直的片折彎並粘連而成。

如果這個manifold的維度夠低，我們就可以在這個低維度的空間上視覺化原先的資料。

降維的方法可以概括分成以下三種：1. 線性方法(Linear methods)Principal component analysis (PCA)Singular value decomposition (SVD)Factor analysis (FA)2. 非線性對應(Non-linear mappings)Generative topographic mapping (GTM)Gaussian process latent variable models (GPLVM)Neural network methods3. 逼近法(Proximity)Multidimensional scaling (MDS)IsomapLocally linear embeddings (LLE)本Tutorial著重在第三類的方法，這些方法通常透過計算相似矩陣(similarity matrix)或距離矩陣(distance matrix)來找到各資料之間的關係。