新编英语教程book2-unit 4

Unit 4Teaching objectives:1. To learn the main language structures (relative clause);2. To build language skills through dialogue and listening in & speaking out;3. To explore the theme of the text;4. To learn the key words and expressions;5. To appreciate the writing features of the text;6. To apply some reading skills to practice;7. To think critically about the theme.Teaching focuses:1. The relative clauses introduced by relative adverbs: when, where, why;2. Key words and expressions;3. Appreciation of the text.Teaching approaches:1. Task-Based Language Teaching;2. Student-Centered Class;3. Learning by Using.Time allocation:Language Structures (2 periods)Dialogue (2 periods)Listening in & speaking out (1 period)Reading 1 (4 periods)Reading 2 (2 periods)Guided writing (1 period)Workbook (2 periods)Teaching procedures:Part 1 Language structuresStep 1 Ask students to read the four sentences and try to find out the grammar point -----relative clauses introduced by relative adverbs: when, where, whyStep 2 Analyze the following sentences one by one and find out the focus of each sentence:1.12 October 1492 was the day when Columbus landed in America.The relative clause introduced by when2. A kitchenette is a small room where people cook their meals.The relative clause introduced by where3.I like the way she spoke.The relative clause preceded by the way (in which)4.Is that the reason why we have tests and quizzes all the time?The relative clause introduced by whyStep 3 Explanations of grammar points1. 关系副词or 关系代词先行词是表示时间或地点的名词时，并不都是用关系副词引导，而是要看关系词在从句中所作的成份。

作状语时，用关系副词；作宾语时，仍然要用关系代词。

a. She is going to spend the summer holidays in Qingdao, where she has some relatives.b. This is the place which I visited last year.c. Did you still remember the days when we spent together in Hainan?d. October 1st is the day which we Chinese people will never forget.2. 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

A. when, where, why关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用，E.g. ：a. There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.b. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.c. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?B. that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why 和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，E.g. ：His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.Step 4 Presentation of language structure practiceAnswer the following questions according to the following directions.1. to elicit relative clauses introduced by when, e.g.,1) What is significant about the year 1949?It was the year when the People’s Republic of China was founded.2) What is significant about the year 1919?It was the year when the May the Fourth Movement took place.3) What sort of days are gone forever for the Chinese people?Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people were oppressed and exploited.4) What is the most memorable day in your life?It is the day when______________________.2. to elicit relative clauses introduced by where, e.g.,1) What is a dining-car?It is a railway coach where meals are served.2) What is a reference-room / library / cinema / theatre / university / language lab / (any other place which can be identified by a relative clause)?Step 5 Listen and practice according to the cues.Ask the students to practice the conversations in pairs.Part 2 DialogueStep 1Lead inAnswer the following questions:➢Have you ever had any recurring dreams?➢How can you interpret your dreams?➢Do you think dreams are closely related to our desires?➢Do you believe that it will be very helpful to our health if we can make good use of dreams?Step 2 Background information1.Psychoanalytic dream interpretationPsychoanalytic dream interpretation is a subdivision of dream interpretation as well as a subdivision of psychoanalysis pioneered by Sigmund Freud in the early twentieth century. Psychoanalytic dream interpretation is the process of explaining the meaning of the way the unconscious thoughts and emotions are processed in the mind during sleep.There have been multiple methods used in psychoanalytic dream interpretation, including Freud's method of dream interpretation, the symbolic method, and the decoding method解码. The Freudian method is the most prominently used in psychoanalysis and has been for the last century. Psychoanalytic dream interpretation is used mainly for therapeutic purposes in a variety of settings. Although these theories are used, none have been solidly proven and much has been left open to debate among researchers. Some studies have shown that areas of dream interpretation can be invalid无效的and therefore a decline in importance has been seen in psychoanalytic dream interpretation.2.Id, ego and super-egoId, ego and super-ego are the three parts of the psychic apparatus defined by Sigmund; they are the three theoretical constructs in terms of whose activity and interaction mental life is described. According to this model of the psyche, the id is the set of uncoordinated instinctual trends; the super-ego plays the critical and moralizing role; and the ego is the organized, realistic part that mediates between the desires of the id and the super-ego. The super-ego can stop you from doing certain things that your id may want you to do.Step 3 Listening to the recording and answer the questions on specific details of this dialogue1) Who are the two speakers?2) What topic are they talking about?3) What does the dream of driving in or falling in water indicate?4) What is the relationship between work and dream?5) Why do people seldom remember their dreams?start off by — If you start off by doing something, you do it as the first part of an activity.be of use — be useful. Here are more examples for the pattern:be of difficulty, which means “be difficult”be of great importance, which means “be very important”recur: v. happen again or repeatedly 重现e.g. This is a problem which will constantly recur and entail the same consequences.Our first encounter often recurs to my mind.Collocations: a recurring problem, error, illness 反复出现的问题、错误、疾病；recur to sb. 事情在头脑中重现Translation:当我听到这柔和的音乐时,童年时的美好回忆便浮现在我的脑海中。