上海中学高三周练卷10
上海市上海中学2019-2020学年高三上学期英语周练试题(1) Word版含答案
上海中学2019-2020学年高三英语周练II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: A fter reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)We know the famous ones-the Thomas Edisons and the Alexand er Graham Bells-but what about the__26__________( famous) inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper ? Shouldn't we know who they are?Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter _27_________ she's devel oped a course on the topic. In addition to l earning "who"invented "what", however, McLean also likes her stud ents to learn the answers to the "why" and "how" questions. According to McLean, When stud ents learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give _28______________ a try.So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the id ea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was col d and stormy, but And erson still wanted to see the sights,so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see _29___________ the snow covering the windshield, she found herself _30__________ why there couldn't be a builtin device for cleaning the wind ow. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever (操作杆) on the inside of a vehicl e that would control 31__________ arm on the outside,became the first windshield wiper.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It's hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan's traffic light. It's equally impossible to picture a worl d without Katherine J. Bl odgett's innovation that makes glass invisible. _32_____________ you picture life without clear wind ows and eyeglasses?(B)There are a few things in life more irritating: you are mid conversation with a friend, and sudd enly she bursts out laughing,33_________(make) you think you’ve mad e a brilliant joke. But then she says, “Sorry, I wasn’t laughing at you. I just saw something real ly fun on a micro blog.” Now the whol e worl d is beginning to lose patience with this phenomenon known as phubbing: snubbing others in a social setting __34___________checking your phone.In fact, phubbing is just one symptom of our increasing depend ence on mobile phones and the Internet which is replacing normal social interaction. According to a recent poll carried out by a Sunday newspaper in Britain, a third of Britons__35_______(survey) admitted to being phubbers and more than a quarter said they would answer their phones in the middle of a face to face conversation.36_____________pointing or picking your nose, phubbing is also widely considered rud e behavior in public places. Lately , a Stop Phubbing campaign group has started in Australia and at least five __37___________have sprung up in its wake __38___________anger and discontent at the lack of manners grow.The campaign’s creator , Alex Haigh,23, from Melbourne, said :“A group of friends and I __39__________(chat) the other day when someone raised ho annoying being ignored by peopl e on mobil es was.” He has created a website __40_________companies can d ownload posters to discourage phubbing and even placards for weddings.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Recently the Department of Planning of New York _41________ a report which laid bare a full scal e of the city. In 1970, 18 percent of the city's population was foreign-born. By 1995, the figure had 42______ to 33 percent, and another 20 percent were the US-born offspring of immigrants. So immigrants and their children now form. a (n)_43_____ of the city's population.Who are these New Yorkers? Why d o they come here? Where are they from? OK, time to drop the "they". I'm one of the them. The last question at least is easy to answer: we come from everywhere. In the list of the top 20 44________ nations of those sending immigrants to New York between 1990 and 1994 are six countries in Asia, five in the Caribbean, four' in Latin America, three in Europe, plus Israel and former Soviet Union. And when we immigrants got here we 45_______up our sleeves. “If you are not ready to work when you get to New York,” says a friend of mine , “you’d better hit the road.”The mayor of New York once said, "Immigration has__46_________ the unique characterand drive the economic engine of New York City." He believes that immigrants are at the heart of what makes Now York great. In Europe, by contrast, it is much more common to hear politicians worry about the loss of "_47________" that immigration brings to their societies. In the quarter century' since 1970, the United States__48_______ about 12.5 million legal immigrants, and has absorbed them into its social structures with an ease beyond the imagination of other nations. Since these immigrants are__49___________l and hard-working, they will help America to make a(n) _50_______ start in the next century.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the foll owing passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, __51__, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often __52__ the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business -- __53__ that the customer remains a customer.__54__ to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every year. In constantly changing __55__, this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the __56__ implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big __57__ in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to __58__ increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, D omino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and __59__ never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in __60__ profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer __61__ is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little a ttention paid to __62__ them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits.__63__ customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price __64__, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it __65__ for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.51..A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all52. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe53. A. Denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving54. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing55..A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses56. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical57. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference58 .A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget59. A.as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary60. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable61. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest62. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. Attracting63. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected64. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive65. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenientSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If you are a male and you are reading this, congratulations: you are a survivor. According to statistics, you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.There are many reasons for this, men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke, but perhaps more importantly, men d on't go to the doctor."Men aren't seeing d octors as often as they should," says Dr. Gullotta, "This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike."Gullotta says a healthy man shoul d visit the d octor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year.Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed d oing anything abouthis smoker’s cough for a year.When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from ling cancer,”he says , “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it woul d have prolonged his life.”According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group."A lot of men think they are invincible (不可战胜的)" Gullotta says "They only come in when a friend drops d ead on the golf course and they think 'Geez, if it coul d happen to him, …'"Then there is the ostrich (鸵鸟) approach, "Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know," says Dr. Ross Cartmill."Most men get their cars serviced more often than they service their bodies," Cartmill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men coul d be addressed by preventive check-ups.Regular check-ups for men woul d inevitably (不可避免地) place stress on the public purse. Cartmill says. "But prevention is cheaper in the l ong run than having to treat the diseases. Besid es, the ultimate cost is far greater. It’s called premature d eath"66.Why d oes the author congratulate his mal e readers at the beginning of the passage?A. They are more likely to suffer diseases today.B. Their average life span has been considerably extended.C. They have lived long enough to red this article.D. They are sure to enjoy a l onger and happier life.67.Which of the foll owing best completes the sentence "Geez, if it could happen to him,…" in paragraph8?A. it coul d happen to me, too.B. I shoul d avoid playing golfC. I should consider myself lucky.D. it would be a big misfortune.68What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by "the ostrich approach" in paragraph 9?A .casual attitude towards one's health conditions.B. A new treatment for certain psychol ogical probl ems.C. Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved.D. Unwillingness to find out about one's disease because of fear.69.What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?A. They may increase public expenses.B. They will save money in the long run.C. They may cause psychol ogical stress on men.D. They will enable men to live as long as women.(B)Doctors have been advising us for years to "use it or lose it": that is, to stay as intellectually active as possibl e into our waning years in order to avoid dementia. But the latest research shows that brain training comes at a price.In a study of 1,157 men and women age 65 or ol der, researchers led by Dr. Robert Wilson at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago found that people who remained intellectually stimulated —by playing cards or other games, reading or visiting museums —were diagnosed with dementia later than those who were not as cognitively active. But once dementia set in, the group who participated in mentally stimulating activities experienced a much more rapid cognitive decline. Over the 12-year study, for each additional point they gained on a measure of cognitive activity, the intellectually stimulated group experienced a 52% greater decline in cognitive impairment, after being diagnosed with dementia.“Brain activity is not stopping the und erlying neurobiol ogy of d ementia, but for a while, it seems to be effective in delaying the ad ditional appearance of symptoms," says Wilson. "But the benefit of delaying the initial symptoms comes at the cost of more rapid progression of dementia once it makes its appearance."While brain exercises can help the brain continue to function d espite the accumulating biological changes und erlying dementia and Alzheimer's, at some point, says Wilson, the scales tip — that activity can no longer compensate for the growing volume of deteriorating alterations in the brain. "At that point, the patient is pretty much at the mercy of the pathol ogy," he says. And that's why, once the symptoms of dementia become obvious, those who were able to push off their diagnosis are likely to be at a more advanced stage of disease.The findings, published Wednesday in Neurol ogy, should not discourage people from remaining cognitively active, says Dr. William Thies, chief medical officer of the Alzheimer's Association, and in fact raises interesting questions about how we as a society shoul d approach age-related brain changes. Surveys consistently show that most of us woul d prefer to remain as functionally intact as possibl e and experience a short period of physical or mental disability before d eath. Gradual cognitive decline, which is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, is challenging for patients, their caregivers and society, as the health costs of chronic care continue to climb. But the current study suggests that more people may be able to telescope their mental d ecline into a shorter and more concentrated time period. "I think the results suggested by this paper are something that peopl e would regard as positive," he says. "And this is the sort of study we really need if we are ever going to understand how to manage all aspects of d ementia as a society."70. The word “dementia” can be best replaced by _______________________________.A. mental diseaseB. brain damageC. cognitive declineD. Biological changes71. The sentence underlined suggests that when the brain exercises can no longer compensate for the worsening alterations in the brain, __________.A. the volume of the worsening alterations in brain determines the seriousness of the diseaseB. the patient no l onger needs to d o brain exercises and has to be taken care of by the d octorsC. the d octors can only treat the patient based on his pathol ogical conditionsD. the accumulating biol ogical changes underlying dementia can’t be ignored by the patient72. According to Dr. William Thies, the findings shoul d be viewed as__________.A. discouragingB. interestingC. challengingD. positive73. What can we infer from the passage?A. Brain training is very expensive for those who want to stay cognitively active.B. The costs of taking care of an Alzheimer’s patient continue to go up.C. Those who d o brain exercises will definitely suffer from d ementia at last.D. We need more studies to understand how to manage dementia as a society.(C)The modern Olympic Games, founded in 1896,began as contests between individuals, rather than among nations , with the hope of promoting world peace through sportsmanship . In the beginning ,the games were open only to amateurs. An amateur is a person whose involvement in an activity--from sports to science or the arts--is purely for pleasure . Amateurs , whatever their contributions to a field, expect to receive no form of compensation; professional ,in contrast ,perform their work in ord er to earn a living.From the perspective of many athletes, however , the Olympic playing filed has been far from level. Restricting the Olympic to amateurs has preclud ed (排除）the participation of many who could not afford to be unpaid. Countries have always d esired to send their best athletes , not their wealthiest ones, to the Olympic Games.A sl ender and imprecise line separates what we call “financial support” from “earning money.” Do athletes “earn money” if they are reimbursed（补偿）for travel expenses? What if they are paid for time l ost at work or if they accept free clothing from a manufacturer or if they teach sports for a living? The runner Eric Lid dell was the son of poor missionaries; in 1924 the British Olympic Committee financed his trip to the Olympics, where he won a gol d and a bronze medal. Coll ege scholarships and support from the United States Olympic Committee mad e it possibl e for American track stars Jesse Owens and Wilma Rudolph and speed skater Dan Jansen to train and compete. When the Soviet Union and its allies joined the games in 1952, the definition of amateur became still muddier. Their athletes did not have tobalance jobs and training because as citizens in communist regimes, their government financial support was not considered payment for jobs.In 1971 the International Olympic Committee(IOC) removed the word amateur from the rules, making it easier for athletes to find the support necessary to train and compete. In 1986 the IOC allowed professional athletes into the games.There are those who regret the disappearance of amateurism from the Olympic Games. For them the games l ost something special when they became just another way for athletes to earn money. Others say that the designation of amateurism was always questionable; they argue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals. Most agree, however, that the debate over what constitutes an“amateur”will continue for a l ong time.74. One might infer that _______________________.A. devel oping Olympic-level skills in athletes is costlyB. professional athletes are mostly interested in financial rewardsC. amateurs does not expect to earn money at the sport that is playedD. amateurs athletes have a better attitud e than professionals d o75. The statement“the playing field has been far from level”means that__________.A. the ground the athletes played on was in bad conditionB. the poorer players were given some advantagesC. the rules did not work the same way for everyoneD. amateurs were inferior to the professionals in many ways76. The financial support given to athletes by the Soviet government can best be compared to ________________.A. a gift received on a special occasion, such as a birthdayB. money received from a winning lottery ticketC. an all owance paid to a childD. Money from charity organization77. One can conclude that the Olympic Organizing Committee _________________.A. has hel d firm to its original vision of the Olympic gamesB. has struggled with the definition of amateur over the yearsC. regards itself as an organization for professional athl etes onlyD. did nothing but stop all owing communists to participateSection DDirections: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than 12 words."Severe fatigue(疲乏), very weak. I could hardly walk d own the bl ock," says Wendy Moro. Why, she wondered, then, Wendy and her d octor begin to suspect her plate. "A few times a week I was having fish, whether it was once or four times," says Wendy. "What kind of fish?Swordfish, tuna and sea bass, the highest mercury- content fish sold in the commercial market," says Dr. Jane Hightower.Mercury(汞) enters the ocean with commercial pollution. It works its way up the food chain, and apparently into some of the most popular fish on the market. Wendy's doctor, Dr. Jane Hightower, was so suspicious that she began testing her Bay Area patients. All consumed large amounts offish, and an overwhelming majority tested high for mercury in their systems."I was seeing hair loss, fatigue, muscle ache, headache, feeling just an ill feeling." Hightower said.The symptoms began to clear up when Hightower cut the amount of fish in their diets. "It was so obvious, but the problem was still unknown to the public," she said. "I even wanted to rent a tent and a tambourine."(A tambourine is a small one-sided drum with metal disks around its rim.) Her published findings drew national attention. But despite her study, there is still fierce debate over how much fish is safe to eat, and how much mercury consumers are actually eating. So we decid ed to do our own test.According to the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), the safe l evel of mercury intake for a 120-pound woman like Wendy is a little over 38 micrograms per week. On average, a single serving of tuna purchased here in the Bay Area contained more mercury than the EPA recommends a woman of Wendy's size eat for an entire week. Sea bass had nearly twice that level, and swordfish nearly six times the EPA's safe mercury intake for a week, in a single serving.Whil e there is little scientific data on how the body reacts to high levels of mercury, it has been linked to symptoms ranging from muscle pain to hair loss, birth defects, and muscle fatigue And, as in our testing, the evidence is mounting that the larger the fish, the more the exposure.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statement in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. The popular fish on the market obtain mercury through and .82. When Dr. Hightower "wanted to rent a tent and a tambourine", she meant to .83. What did Dr. Hightower do with the information she discovered?_________________________________________________________________________84. What should people do according to the test done by the EPA?__________________________________________________________________________第II卷I. TranslationDirections :Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.务必放弃这种不切实际的想法，否则你将一事无成。
2024-2025学年上海中学高三上学期数学周测1及答案(2024.09)
1上海中学2024学年第一学期高三年级数学周测一2024.09一、填空题（本大题共有12题,满分54分,第1-6题每题4分,第7-12题每题5分） 1．已知集合{}|02A x x =≤≤，{}|10B x x =−<，则AB =________．2．若62a x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的展开式的常数项为45，则a 的值为________．3．已知函数()221f x x =+，则()()22Δx f Δx f limΔx→−−=________．4．已知()()3993log log log log x x =，则x 的值为________． 5．已知()35P A =，()15P A B =，()1|2P A B =，则()P B =________．6．已知1tan 3x =，则sin sin cos 3cos 2cos 2cos x x x x x x +=________．7．已知等差数列{}n a 的公差为3π，且集合{}|,*n M x x sina n N ==∈中有且只有4个元素，则M 中的所有元素之积为________． 8．已知向量a ，b 为单位向量，且12a b ⋅=−，向量c 与3a b +平行，则b c +的最小值 为________．9．已知实数x ，y 满足491x y +=，则1123x y +++的取值范围是________．10．向量集合(){}|,,,S a a x y x y R ⊂=∈，对于任意a ，b S ∈以及任意[]0,1t ∈，都有()1ta t b S +−∈，则称集合S 是“凸集”．现有4个命题：①集合(){}2|,,M a a x y y x ==≥是“凸集”；②若S 是“凸集”，则集合{}2|T a a S =∈也是“凸集”； ③若1A ，2A 都是“凸集”，则12A A 也是“凸集”；④若1A ，2A 都是“凸集”，且交集非空，则12A A 也是“凸集”其中所有正确命题的序号是________．211．已知双曲线22:145x y C −=的左右焦点分别是1F ，2F ，直线l 与C 的左、右支分别交于P Q 、（P ,Q 均在x 轴上方）．若直线1PF ，2QF 的斜率均为k ，且四边形21PQF F的面积为k 的值为________．12．设函数()11xf x e =+图像上任意—点处的切线为1l ，总存在函数()sin g x a x =+(0)x a >图像上一点处的切线2l ，使得12∥l l ，则实数a 的最小值是________． 二、选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分,每题5分)13．一枚质地均匀的正方形骰子，其六个面分别刻有1，2，3，4，5，6六个数字，投掷这枚骰子两次，设事件M 为“第一次朝上的数字是奇数”，则下列事件中与M 相互独立的事件是（ ）．A ．第一次朝上的数字是偶数B ．第一次朝上的数字是1C ．两次朝上的数字之和是8D ．两次朝上的数字之和是714．如图所示，曲线C 是由半椭圆221:1(0)43x y C y +=<，半圆()222:(1)10C x y y −+=≥和半圆()223:(1)10C x y y ++=≥组成，过1C 的左焦点1F 作直线1l 与曲线C 仅交于A ，B 两点，过1C 的右焦点2F 作直线2l 与曲线C 仅交于M ，N 两点，且12∥l l ，则AB MN +的最小值为（ ）． A ．3B ．4C ．5D ．615．数列{}n a 中，12a =，211n n n a a a +=−+，记12111n nA a a a =+++，12111n nB a a a =⋅⋅⋅，则（ ）． A ．202420241A B +> B ．202420241A B +< C ．2024202412A B −>D．2024202412A B −<316．在直角坐标平面xOy 中，已知两定点()12,0F −与()22,0F ，1F ，2F 到直线l 的距离之差的绝对值等于l 上的点组成的图形面积是（ ）． A ．4π B ．8 C ．2π D ．4π+ 三、解答题(共5道大题,共76分)17.（本题满分14分.本题共2小题,第（1）小题7分,第（2）小题7分.) ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c，且)cos a bC C =+．（1）求角B 的大小；（2）已知BC =，D 为边AB 上一点，若1BD =，2πACD ∠=，求AC 的长．18.(本题满分14分.本题共2小题，第（1）小题8分,第（2）小题6分.) 如图，直三棱柱111ABC A B C −的体积为1，AB BC ⊥，2AB =，1BC =． （1）求证：11BC A C ⊥；（2）求二面角11B A C B −−的余弦值．19.(本题满分14分.本题共2小题,第（1）小题6分,第（2）小题8分.)五月初某中学举行了“庆祝劳动光荣，共绘五一华章”主题征文活动，旨在通过文字的力量展现劳动者的风采，传递劳动之美，弘扬劳动精神．征文篮选由A、B、C三名老师负责．首先由A、B两位老师对征文进行初审，若两位老师均审核通过则征文通过筛选；若均审核不通过则征文落选；若只有一名老师审核通过，则由老师C进行复审，复审合格才能通过筛选．已知每篇征文通过A、B、C三位老师审核的概率分别为34，45，37，且各老师的审核互不影响．（1）已知某篇征文通过筛选，求它经过了复审的概率；（2）从投稿的征文中抽出4篇，设其中通过筛选的篇数为X，求X的分布和期望．4520.（本题满分16分.本题共有3小题,第(1)小题满分4分,第（2）小题满分6分.第 (3)小题满分6分)设直线()0y kx b k =+≠与抛物线2:4C y x =交于两点()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，且12(0)y y a a −=>．M 是弦AB 的中点，过M 作平行于x 轴的直线交抛物线C 于点D ，导到ABD ；再分别过弦AD 、BD 的中点作平行于x 轴的直线依次交抛物线C 于点E 、F ，得到ADE 和BDF ；按此方法继续下去． （1）用k ，b 表示a ；（2）用a 表示三角形ABD 的面积ABDS；（3）根据以上结果，求抛物线C 与线段AB 所围成封闭图形的面积S ．621.（本题满分18分.本题共有3个小题,第（1）小题满分4分,第（2）小题满分6分,第(3)小题满分8分)已知函数()3(1)2xf x lnax b x x=++−−． （1）若0b =，且()0f x '≥，求a 的最小值； （2）证明：曲线()y f x =是中心对称图形；（3）若()2f x >−当且仅当12x <<，求b 的取值范围．参考答案一、填空题1.(],2−∞;2.;3.-8;4.81;5.45; 6.109; 7.14;8.;9.(; 10.①②④；11.12.5411．已知双曲线22:145x yC−=的左右焦点分别是1F，2F，直线l与C的左、右支分别交于P Q、（P,Q均在x轴上方）．若直线1PF，2QF的斜率均为k，且四边形21PQF F的面积为k的值为________．【答案】【解析】由题意绘制示意图如图所示：由双曲线方程可得:2,3a c==,因为直线1PF、2QF的斜率均为k,所以直线12//PF QF, 在三角形12QF F中, 设2QF x=，则124QF a x x=+=+，设2QF的倾斜角为θ, 则由余弦定理得2236426x xcosx+−+π−θ=⨯解得2523QF xcos==−θ,同理可得：1523PFcos=+θ所以四边形21PQF F的面积:12121152223S PF QF F F sincos=+⨯⨯θ=⨯++θ5623sincos⨯⨯θ=−θ解得sinθ=sinθ=(舍去),故k tan=θ=故答案为:.12．设函数()11xf xe=+图像上任意—点处的切线为1l，总存在函数()sing x a x=+ (0)x a>图像上一点处的切线2l，使得12∥l l，则实数a的最小值是________．【答案】54【解析】()1,1xf xe=+()()21',112xx xxef xe ee∴=−=−+++78[)()112,'0.4x x e ,f x ,e ⎡⎫+∈+∞∴∈−⎪⎢⎣⎭而()(),'1[1g x asinx x g x acosx a =+=+∈−,1]a +,要使题意成立，则有114a −≤−且10…a +,解得54a ≥,∴实数 a 的最小值为54 故答案为:54二、选择题13.D 14.C 15.C 16.D15．数列{}n a 中，12a =，211n n n a a a +=−+，记12111n nA a a a =+++，12111n nB a a a =⋅⋅⋅，则（ ）． A ．202420241A B +> B ．202420241A B +< C ．2024202412A B −>D ．2024202412A B −<【答案】C【解析】由2112,1n n n a a a a +==−+, 可得24213,a =−+=由()111n n n a a a +−=−, 可得111111n n na a a +=−−−即有111111n n n a a a +=−−−,则122311111111n A a a a a =−+−+⋯+−−−−111111111111n n n a a a a ++−=−=−−−−−111n a +− 由1111n n n a a a +−=−, 可得121231111111111111n n n n n a a a a B a a a a a +++−−−−=⋅⋅⋯⋅==−−−−−可得1n n A B +=, 故AB 错误;121,1n n n A B a +−=−−由()2110n n n a a a +−=−>, 即1n n a a +>, 可得数列{}n a 为递增数列,又320259317,,5,a a =−+=⋯>由202521111122a −>−=−, 可得2024202412A B −>，故选：C .16．在直角坐标平面xOy 中，已知两定点()12,0F −与()22,0F ，1F ，2F 到直线l 的距离之差的绝对值等于l 上的点组成的图形面积是（ ）． A ．4π B ．8 C ．2π D ．4π+ 【答案】D【解析】设直线l的方程为0Ax By C++=,=所以22A C A C−+−+=当()()220…A C A C−++,即224…C A时,4A=化简可得22A B=,所以|,2CA B≥=如图,则正方形12AF BF上及外部的点均在直线l上;当()()220A C A C−++<,即224C A<时,2C=22222C A B=+设直线l的方程为0Ax By C++=上任意一点(0x,0y), 则000Ax By C++=,由()()()2222220000A B x y Ax By C++≥+=可知22002x y+≥,又2222224C A B A=+<,则221AB>,所以，与圆222x y+=相切的直线所扫过的点均在直线l上;综上, 平面上不在任何一条直线I上的点组成的图形面积是21244⎤⨯π=+π⎥⎦,故选：D.三．解答题17.（1）6π（218.（1）证明略（219.（1）15P=（2）PQ=20．（1）2216(1)kba=k−（2）332ABDSa=（3）324Sa=91021.（本题满分18分.本题共有3个小题,第（1）小题满分4分,第（2）小题满分6分,第(3)小题满分8分)已知函数()3(1)2xf x lnax b x x=++−−． （1）若0b =，且()0f x '≥，求a 的最小值； （2）证明：曲线()y f x =是中心对称图形；（3）若()2f x >−当且仅当12x <<，求b 的取值范围． 【答案】（1）-2（2）见解析（3）23,⎡⎫−+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭【解析】（1）由0220xx x ⎧⎪⎨⎪>−≠⎩−, 解得02x <<，所以函数()f x 的定义域为()02,,当0b =时,()2xf x lnax x=+−,所以()11'02f x a x x =++≥−, 对02x ∀<<恒成立， 又()112222a a a x x x x ++=+≥+−−, 当且仅当1x =时取"'"=, 所以只需20…a +, 即2…a −,所以a 的最小值为-2 . (2)证明:()02x ,∈， ()()()222(1x f x f x lna xb x x−−+=+−+−()33)122x lnax b x a x +++−=− 所以()f x 关于点()1,a 中心对称.(3) 因为()2f x >−当且仅当12x <<,所以1x =为()2f x =−的一个解， 所以()12f =−, 即2a =−,先分析12x <<时,()2f x >−恒成立,此时()2f x >−, 即为()321(1)02xlnx b x x+−+−>−在()12,上恒成立, 设()1,01t x t ,=−∈, 则31201t lnt bt t+−+>−在()01,上恒成立, 设()()312,011t g t ln t bt t ,t +=−+∈−,则()()222223232'2311t bt b g t bt t t −++=−+=−− 当0…b 时,232332220bt b b b −++>−++=>,所以()'0g t >恒成立,11 所以()g t 在()01,上为增函数,所以()()00g t g >=, 即()2f x >−在()12,上恒成立, 当203…b −<时,2323230…bt b b −++>+所以()'0g t >恒成立,故()g t 在()01,上为增函数, 故()()00g t g >=,即()2f x >−在()12,上恒成立, 当23b <−,即当01t <<时,()'0g t <,所以在0⎛ ⎝上()g t 为减函数, 所以()()00g t g <=, 不合题意, 舍去,综上所述,()2f x >−在()12,上恒成立时,23…b −, 而23…b −时, 由上述过程可得()g t 在()01,单调递增,所以()0g t >的解为()01,,即()2f x >−的解为()12,,综上所述,23…b −,所以b 的取值范围为23,⎡⎫−+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭.。
2023-2024学年上海南汇中学高三上10月阶段练习及答案
2024届上海南汇中学高三英语十月试卷II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.It's harder to heal at nightCircadian rhythm,better known as our body clock,is the cycle that keeps us moving on. During a24-hour cycle it helps(21)_________(drive)multiple processes in the body,from hormone secretion and sleeping patterns to metabolism.And researchers at the Medical Research Council(MRC)Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge have discovered that this cycle can affect the healing of wounds such as cuts and burns.Dr John O'Neill,the senior author of the study,said."This is the first time that the circadian clock within individual skin cells(22)_________(snow)to determine how effectively they respond to injuries."The study found that,on average,burns that(23)_________(occur)at night took60percent longer to heal than burns that happened during the body clock daytime cycle.Nighttime burns (sustained between8p.m.and8a.m.)healed around28days(24)_________(late)when it was 17days if a burn was sustained during the day(between8a.m.and8p.m.)The study drew these conclusions after(25)_________(analyze)data from118patient records from all major burns units in England and Wales.The reasoning behind the differences in healing time is due to(26)_________long it takes for skin cells to move to the site of the wound and begin repairs,a process that occurs more quickly during the daytime.This is driven by increased activity of the protein within the cell,(27) _________act like a muscle within the cell.In a statement,Dr Ned Hoyle,the lead author of the study,said,"We've shown that the daily cycles in our body clock control how well cell repairs(28)_________(damage)tissue by affecting an essential protein called actin.Efficient repair of our skin is critical to preventing infection,and(29)_________healing goes wrong,wounds need more time to heal.Further research into the link(30)_________body clocks and wound healing may help us to develop drugs that promote wound healing.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.capableB.controllableC.faintD.idealndscapeF.outpacingG.perceive H.physical I.promise J.scrub K.supportingYou'll Never Be Truly AloneIn the decades to come,a large number of home robots could make today's appliances seem interesting.The market for consumer and office robots is expected to develop quickly in the next three years,according to a2015report by Business Insider Intelligence,being greater than$1.5 billion and far(31)_________the growth of robots in manufacturing.We already have robots that clean the house,like the Roomba,but in the future we'll also have robot arms that can(32)_________surfaces and bathe people,says Christopher Atkeson,a roboticist at Carnegie Mellon,whose lab has produced such machines.Eventually,robots will fold laundry and cook meals.And if they work well,you won't even notice them.The key to effective robots is"being(33)_________of predicting what people will do,"says Julie Shah,the head of the Interactive Robotics Group at MIT."The idea is either(34)_________people or staying out of their way."That said,some people may want a robot that hangs around.In Japan,a friendly humanoid robot called Pepper that can(35)_________and respond to human emotion has proved enormously popular since it went on sale two years ago.Pepper might turn out to be the(36) _________roommate-helpful,kind,and always up for hanging out,but never in the way.Perhaps the already(37)_________line between online and offline life will disappear,and human relationships with intelligent machines will represent a new extension of our social(38) _________.Your in-hour robot could serve as an avatar（化身）for friends and family,(39) _________from afar so that,with the help of robotic arms and legs,you could dance with or hug a loved one who is halfway around the planet.The real(40)_________of--or problem with--the house of the future,then,might be that you'll never have to leave it.However,what the future house will be like still remains to be seen.III.Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage,there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An idea whose time has come:the four-day workweekThe four-day workweek's moment has arrived.With California Congressman Mark Takano's introduction of legislation to reduce the standard workweek from40to32hours,awareness of a shorter workweek-and(41)_________for it--is gaining.And so is the skepticism（怀疑）around it.Initial skepticism is a(n)(42)_________response to a great change in how we think about work.American work culture has been defined by ideals of career as identity,workaholism and ambitions for continuous growth.It is not(43)_________to free ourselves from the only reality we know.And yet,if there were ever a right time,this is it.For so many,the muscles of adaptation have (44)_________over the past two years with every challenge brought on by the pandemic and other global crises.The rapid,significant transition across industries to working from home provided evidence that we can(45)_________quickly in response to changing conditions.Now, we have an opportunity to exercise these muscles to(46)_________evolve from outdated conceptions of what work must look like.Four-day workweek pilots are emerging across the globe,with some companies now shifting from the(47)_________stage to implementing the policy permanently.Microsoft Japan, Unilever New Zealand and Kick-starter represent just a few of a growing number of organizations exploring the four-day workweek.(48)_________political leaders are voicing support for the st year,New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem approved employers implementing a four-day workweek to help stimulate domestic tourism in response to industry downturn brought on by the COVID-19pandemic.Advocates mention many(49)_________,including reduced burnout,improved physical and mental health,increased gender equity,and positive environment impacts.It is easy to imagine what we might do with an additional day--spend time with family and friends,pursue a hobby, enroll in classes,sleep.Many in favor of the four-day workweek envision a more(50)_________and rested community.Pilot findings show increased productivity as well.Among companies that have adopted a four-day week,nearly two-thirds report increased productivity.Some leaders will see the research and be(51)_________that a pilot in their organization is worthwhile.Other will resist the idea.What theories or beliefs are at the the root of their concerns? Many leaders were taught that face-time with employees is the only way to ensure accountability, productivity and teamwork.Less face-time,which follows the four-day workweek model and work-from-home arrangements,can feel to some like(52)_________control.For leaders of organizations and teams,the shift to a four-day workweek requires re-imagining standard operating procedures,increasing innovation and,perhaps most importantly, trusting in(53)_________.Let employees work out the details rather than trying to"solve"the four-day workweek challenge(54)_________.Awin,a Berlin-based teach firm,saw80 employees volunteer for task forces to ensure that their switch to a four-day workweek went smoothly.Those who are closest to the work and potential challenges are often closest to the(55) _________.The website also offers many resources to help companies design a four-day workweek pilot.41.A.dislike B.substitution C.responsibility D.enthusiasm42.A.delayed B.reasonable C.incorrect D.officialte B.practical C.easy D.impossible44.A.loosen B.hurt C.strengthened D.trembled45.A.withdraw B.fail C.defend D.adapt46.A.intentionally B.traditionally C.incidentally D.hopelessly47.A.center B.recovery C.design D.pilot48.A.As a result B.What's more C.By contrast D.In fact49.A.concerns B.assumptions C.threats D.benefits50.A.isolated B.experienced C.fulfilled D.modernized51.A.reminded B.convinced rmed D.warned52.A.a sense of B.a drain on C.a loss of D.a waste of53.A.employees B.advocates C.campaigners D.leaders54.A.from the scratch B.from the bottom up C.from the middle D.from the top down55.A.risks B.procedures C.solutions D.resourcesSection BDirections:Read the following two passage.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Diplomacy is an art.It requires not only strategy,but also other aspects,including intuition, persuasion,and even tricks,human skills that have long been unreachable to even the most powerful artificial intelligence(AI)approaches.Now,an AI algorithm（算法）from a high-tech company has shown it can beat many humans in a game of diplomacy,which required both strategic planning and negotiations with other players.The work,researchers said,could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators（调解员）.AI has already beaten humans in some games of strategy.It is also proving powerful at natural-language processing,in which it can generate human-like text and carry on conversations. In the game of diplomacy,seven players vied for control of Europe.On each turn,players issued orders regarding the movement of army and naval units,following discussion with other players, whom they could attack or support.There are two technical innovations noted by Jonathan Gratch,a computer scientist at the University of Southern California who studies negotiation agents.First,the AI agent's communication is grounded in multi-step planning.Second,the AI agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range of human common practices.To test its skill,the researchers had the AI agent play40online games against humans.It placed in the top10%of players who'd played at least two games."In a game that involves language and negotiation,that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting,"said Yu,a computer scientist at Columbia University.According to Brown,a computer scientist at the company who co-authored the paper,the work could lead to practical application in fields that now require a human touch.One specific example is that virtual personal assistants might help consumers negotiate for better prices on plane tickets.Gratch and Yu both see opportunities for agents that persuade people to make healthy choices or open up during therapy.56.Who is likely to benefit from the research work?A.A famous cyber athlete.B.A professor of civil law.C.A virtual fitness instructorD.A professional accountant.57.What does the underlined word"vied"mean in paragraph2?A.AccountedB.Apologized.C.Searched.peted58.Why does the author mention AI agent?A.To understand the thought of AI.B.To illustrate the advantage of AI.C.To describe the importance of AI.D.To introduce the strategy of AI.59.What is the best title for the text?A.Diplomacy,a Popular GameB.An Excellent Game PlayerC.AI Will Become a Perfect DiplomatD.AI Learns the Art of Diplomacy(B)Grading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100A:80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.EssaysYour four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course:Essay 1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.Group AssignmentsStudents will work in groups to complete four assignments during the course.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard our online learning and course management system.Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/HomeworkClass activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion,so it is important to take careful notes during class.Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home,both of which will be graded.Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period itis late.If it is not turned in by the4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero.Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero.Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.60.Where is this text probably taken from?A.A textbookB.An exam paper.C.A course plan.D.An academic article.61.How many parts is a students'final grade made up of?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.62.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A.You will receive a zero.B.You will lose a letter grade.C.You will be given a test.D.You will have to rewrite it.(C)Thanks to in-depth reporting by the Wall Street Journal,we now know that Facebook has long been aware its product Instagram has harmful effects on the mental health of many adolescent users.Young girls,in particular,struggle with their body image thanks to a constant stream of photos and videos showing beautiful bodies that users don't think they can attain.While the information the Journal covered is essential and instructive,it does not tell the whole story.Deep down,this is not an Instagram problem;it's a people problem.Understanding that distinction can make the difference between a failed attempt to contain a teen's interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying problem leading to mental distress induced（引发）by Instagram.Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it.Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users.The anger,while understandable,is misplaced.While I'm reluctant to defend Facebook,I'm not sure it's reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business.Have you ever watched a Netflix series a lot?I assure you it wasn't a healthy endeavor.You were in active,likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn't go outside for fresh air.It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend.Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alertingus to how damaging an addictive product can be?While it's reasonable to say Instagram makes esteem issues worse,it is impossible to believe it causes them in the first place.You create your own experiences on social media.For the most part,you choose which accounts to follow and engage.If you're already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage（自损）--as many teens are--you will find accounts to obsess over.And this isn't a new phenomenon.Before social media,there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues.Whether the target be magazines,movies or television show depicting difficult-to-attain bodies,there has been a relatively steady chorus（异口同声）of experts nothing the damage new media could cause young viewers.Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause--one that's independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media.It's more worthwhile to address those underlying factors rather than to attack Facebook.63.The author thinks the criticism against Instagram_________.A.are successful attempts to change teens'interest in addictive appsB.address the Instagram-induced mental painC.are only based on the data released by FacebookD.are not directed at the fundamental problemflix is mentioned to_________.pare the criticisms against it and FacebookB.defend why Facebook is to blameC.suggest the critics'remarks are not to pointD.show Netflix does more harm to teens65.The Instagram problem is essentially a"people problem"in that_________.A.it is human nature to get addicted to social mediaers decide on their experiences on social mediaC.people have a tendency to feel insecure onlineD.people are keen on fabricating their self-profile66.What is the passage mainly about?A.The unprecedented criticism facing Facebook.B.The alarming online habits of teenagers worldwide.C.The root cause of Instagram-induced mental strains.D.The harmful impact of Instagram on teenagers.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Art is another area where forgery is decreasing due to the resulting profits.B.DNA could be used to expose fraud in the art world,too.C.If the technology continues to evolve,consumers could someday bring handheld bar coders to the table.D.Simple confusion might explain some of the differences,since fish species can be hard to tell apart.E.The DNA molecule is capable of storing vast amounts of data and can survive for thousands of years.F.To solve this problem,some scientists have suggested attaching a small plastic label full of DNA to works of art.Authenticating Sushi...and PicassosA recent study of the seafood industry by Oceana,a conservation group,found that, nationwide,grocery stores mislabeled nearly one-fifth of all the fish they sold.Sushi restaurants were even worse,serving a fish other than what was promised on the menu three-quarters of the time.____67____But some merchants seemed to substitute cheap fish like tilapia for more expensive fare on purpose.DNA bar coding can help uncover such practices.By taking a bit of muscle from a fish and sequencing（测定序列）the DNA inside,scientists can quickly tell one species from another. Bar-coding technology is accessible enough that high-school students have used it to expose fraud （骗局）at restaurants.____68____.And they can see for themselves whether they're dreally getting the blue-fin tuna they ordered._____69_____Billions of dollars'worth of art changes hands every year,and some expertsestimate that40percent of it is fake.Professional authentication can help,but recent stories involving works said to have been painted by Jackson Pollock,Amedeo Modigliani,and others have shown that a skillful forger（制作赝品者）can fool even the most respected experts. ____70____Rather than using the artist's own DNA--which a thief could lift from clothes, rubbish,or hairs--these labels would contain DNA from another creature,with pieces of synthetic DNA woven in.To authenticate the piece,scientists would take DNA from the label,sequence the synthetic hits,and consult a database.Only if the sequence matched the database record would the piece be pronounced genuine.第II卷IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following three passages.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Vertical farming isn't actually a very new concept.The idea has existed since at least the 1950s.However,it was only recently that we began to seriously explore the idea,and put it forward as a solution to the world food crisis.So what has vertical farming got going for it?At present,over80per cent of the world's land that is suitable for farming is already being used.In order to grow enough food to feed the nine billion people that will be living on our planet in the middle of the21st century,we'll need TEN million more square kilometres of land--that's an area20per cent bigger than Brazil!The buildings used for vertical farming won't take up much space because they are tall--they're skyscrapers.They can be built in the middle of cities,where all the people are.The food would be on people's doorsteps,almost literally,so transport costs are minimal.That's great for helping to combat global warming and climate change.Another advantage is that all food could be grown organically.The crops would need less water than traditional ones because all the water is recycled.All the nutrients are recycled too.The only thing that actually leaves the building is the produce,the food.Vertical farming would create jobs too.Imagine the small businesses that would spring up around these farms--for packaging,distribution,catering,and so on--they would employ thousands of people.Where is it likely to happen?Who will benefit most from it?First and foremost,countries that don't have agriculture:cold countries,like Greenland and Iceland,and hot,desert countries, like Saudi Arabia.You would have sealed buildings in these places with an artificial climate--artificially warm in Iceland,artificially cool in a hot country.The social benefits are amazing and everybody gets good,healthy food.People have reacted really well to this idea--I think the idea is about to develop into reality.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.书展的门票只能提前一天在网上购买。
2017徐汇区上海中学高三上学期10月周测试卷
上海中学高三周考（）II. Grammar (10’)Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A great deal of attention (1)_________ (pay) today to the so-called digital divide--the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor at present. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was(2)_______ (visible) then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. (3)______ the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet (4)_______(net) together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow (5)______ ______widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet(6)______well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.(7)_________(take)advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries(8)________ still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure(the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built(9)________industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is(10)_______ America's Second Wave infrastructure- including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment.【答案】1.is being paid 2.less visible 3.As 4.will be netted 5.rather than6.may7.To take8. that9.its 10.why【分析】(1).分析可知，此处应为被动语态，”today”提示为现在进行时。
上海中学高三周练10(2019.12)
上海中学高三周练数学试卷102019.12一. 填空题1. 已知数列{}n a 为等差数列，其前n 项和为n S ，若936S =，则348a a a ++=2. 0.120.230.340.89+++⋅⋅⋅+=&&&&3. 已知复数z 满足(1i)17i z +=-（i 是虚数单位），则z 的虚部为4. 已知各项均为正数的等比数列{}n a 的首项11a =，公比为q ，前n 项和为n S ，若1lim1n n nS S -→∞=，则公比q 的取值范围是5. 若向量a r 、b r 满足()7a b b +⋅=r r r，且||a =r ，||2b =r，则向量a r 与b r 夹角为 6. 数列{}n a 满足下列条件：11a =，且对于任意正整数n ，恒有2n n a a n =+，则2048a =7. 正项等比数列{}n a 满足：34215a a a a +--=，则56a a +的最小值为 8. 在二项式(13)n x +和(25)n x +的展开式中，各项系数之和分别记为n a 、n b ，*n ∈N ， 则2lim34n nn n na b a b →∞-=-9. 已知数列{}n a 满足：13a =，123(1)nn n a a -=--（2n ≥），设{}t k a 是等差数列，数列{}t k 是各项均为正整数的递增数列，若11k =，则32k k -=10. 在直角梯形ABCD 中，AB ∥CD ，90ADC ∠=︒，4AB =，AD =E 为BC的中点，若4AB AC ⋅=uu u r uuu r ，则AE BC ⋅=uu u r uu u r 11. 若无穷数列{}n a 满足：10a ≥，当*n ∈N ，2n ≥时，1121||max{,,,}n n n a a a a a ---=⋅⋅⋅（其中121max{,,,}n a a a -⋅⋅⋅表示121,,,n a a a -⋅⋅⋅中的最大项），有以下结论： ① 若数列{}n a 是常数列，则0n a =（*n ∈N ）； ② 若数列{}n a 是公差0d ≠的等差数列，则0d <； ③ 若数列{}n a 是公比为q 的等比数列，则1q >；④ 若存在正整数T ，对任意*n ∈N ，都有n T n a a +=，则1a 是数列{}n a 的最大项； 则其中的正确结论是12. 已知集合*{|21,}A x x n n ==-∈N ，*{|2,}n B x x n ==∈N ，将A B U 的所有元素从小到大依次排列构成一个数列{}n a ，记n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和，则使得112n n S a +>成立的n 的最小值为二. 选择题13. 用数学归纳法证明21211n n nn ->++对任意n k ≥（,n k ∈N ）的自然数都成立，则k 的 最小值为（ ）A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4 14. 将各项均为正数的等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若1lim 3n n n n nS a S a →∞-<+，则q 的取值范围是（ ）A. (0,1)B. (2,)+∞C. (0,1](2,)+∞UD. (0,2) 15. 等差数列{}n a 中，n n S m =，m mS n=（m n ≠，*,m n ∈N ），则m n S +的值（ ） A. 大于4 B. 等于4 C. 小于4 D. 大于2或小于4 16. 已知数列{}n a 满足：13n ≤≤时，n a n =，且312n n n n a a a a ++++=+（*n ∈N ），则数列{}n n a ⋅的前50项和为（ ）A. 2448B. 2525C. 2533D. 2652三. 解答题17. 在△ABC 中，三个内角A 、B 、C 所对的边依次为a 、b 、c ，且1cos 4C =. （1）求22cos 2sin 22A BC ++的值； （2）设2c =，求a b +的取值范围.18. 已知数列{}n a 满足167a =-，12110n n a a a a λ++++⋅⋅⋅+-=（0λ≠，1λ≠-）对任 意*n ∈N 都成立，n S 是数列{}n a 的前n 项和. （1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式； （2）当13λ=时，数列{}n a 中是否存在三项构成等差数列？若存在，请求出此三项，若 不存在，请说明理由.19. 流行性感冒（简称流感）是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，某市去年11月份曾发生流感，据资料统计，11月1日，该市新的流感病毒感染者有20人，此后，每天的新感染者平均比前一天的新感染者增加50人，由于该市医疗部门采取措施，使该种病毒的传播速度得到控制，从某天起，每天的新感染者平均比前一天的新感染者减少30人，到11月30日止，该市在这30天内感染该病毒的患者总共有8670人，则11月几日，该市感染此病毒的新患者人数最多？并求这一天的新患者人数.20. 设{}n a 是等差数列，{}n b 是等比数列，已知14a =，16b =，2222b a =-，3324b a =+. （1）求{}n a 和{}n b 的通项公式；（2）设数列{}n c 满足11c =，11222k k n kkn c b n +⎧<<=⎨=⎩，其中*k ∈N ； ① 求22{(1)}n n a c -的通项公式；② 求21ni ii a c=∑（*n ∈N ）.21. 如果数列{}n a 、{}n b 满足1||n n n a a b +-=（*n ∈N ），那么就称{}n b 为数列{}n a 的 “偏差数列”.（1）若{}n b 为常数列，且为{}n a 的“偏差数列”，试判断{}n a 是否一定为等差数列，并 说明理由；（2）若无穷数列{}n a 是各项均为正整数的等比数列，且326a a -=，{}n b 为数列{}n a 的 “偏差数列”，求1231111lim()n nb b b b →∞+++⋅⋅⋅+的值； （3）设116()2n n b +=-，{}n b 为数列{}n a 的“偏差数列”，11a =，221n n a a -≤且221n n a a +≤，若||n a M ≤对任意*n ∈N 恒成立，求实数M 的最小值.参考答案一. 填空题 1. 12 2.184453. 4-4. (0,1]5. 30°6. 20487. 208. 129. 1 10. 132- 11. ①②③④ 12. 27二. 选择题13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B三. 解答题 17.（1；（2）. 18.（1）1617(1)27n n nn a n λλ-⎧-=⎪⎪=⎨+⎪≥⎪⎩；（2）存在1a 、2a 、3a 构成等差数列.19. 11月12日，该市感染此病毒的新患者人数最多，最多人数为570人. 20.（1）31n a n =+，32nn b =⋅；（2）①2921n⋅-；②221112725212nn n i ii a cn --==⋅+⋅--∑.21.（1）不一定为等差数列；（2）34或23；（3）296.。
上海中学高三英语周测试卷
上海中学高三英语周测试卷Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper II, blankfilling (10%) form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Catherine Elizabeth Middleton grew up in Chapel Row, a village near Newbury, Berkshire, England. She studied art history in Scotland at University of St. Andrews, 21. she met with William in 2001. their engagement was announced on 16th, Nov, 2010, and she attended many high profile royal events before they married on 29,Apr. 2011 at Westminster Abbey.Since she 22. (catch) the eye of Britain’s Prince William, Kate Middleton has been on the entire world’s fashion radar. The “Kate Middleton Effect” is a term that 23. (coin) lately because when the Duchess of Cambridge wears 24. , it’s pretty much guaranteed it will fly off the shelves. Every designer she supports has seen a sharp increase in sales, and many women believe that 25. Kate wears it, it is the item to own. For example, when Middleton, stepped out 26. a＄340 camel-colored dress from Resis to greet President Obama and the first lady in May, traffic on the Reiss website rose by 200% and the dress quickly was sold out.Well, the Duchess’ influence is striking again: and this time it is reducing the size of handbags. Kate rarely carries a bag that she wouldn’t be able to hold with one hand, and is clearly a supporter of a gorgeous clutch. As a result, Lulu Guinness is seriously considering 27. (reduce) the size of handbags in the next collections. “personally, I’m making my clutch bags smaller next season 28. they can look more delicate and ladylike, and that is to do with her, I think ” Guinness told the Telegraph. She joked that 29. this makes bags less practical, design doesn’t always have to succumb to practically. It is true, the Duchess 30. not need to carry around as many things as the rest of us, but she surely will have women across the world trying to cram everything into their new bags.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The fortunate people in the world—the only really fortunate people in the world, in my mind, — are those whose work is also their pleasure. The class is not a large one, not nearly so large as it is often presented to be; and authors are perhaps one of the most important elements in its 31 . They enjoy in this respect at least a real harmony of life. To my mind, to be able to make your work your pleasure is the one class distinction in the world 32 striving for; and I do not 33 that others are tend to envy those happy human beings who find their livelihood in the gay effusions(流露) of their fancy, to whom every hour of labor is an hour of enjoyment, and even a holiday is almost 34 of that enjoyment. Whether a man writes well or ill, has much to say or little, if he cares about writing at all, he will 35 the pleasures of composition.To sit at one’s table on a sunny morning, with four clear hours of 36 security, plenty of nice white paper, and a Squeezer pen—that is true happiness. With the complete absorption of the mind upon a/an 37 occupation—what more is there than that to desire? What does it matter what happens outside? The House of Commons（下议院）may do what it likes, and so may the House of Lords. The bottom may be knocked clean out of the American market. The heathen（异教徒）may show violent anger in every part of the globe. Never mind, for four hours, at any rate, we will 38 ourselves from a common, ill-governed, and 39 world, and with the key of fancy 40 that cupboard where all the good things of the infinite are put away.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15 %）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A worldwide poll of more than 100 million people has selected what it calls the new SevenWonders of the World．The online poll picked:- the Roman Coliseum- the Taj MahalA. uninterruptibleB. worthC. appreciateD. compositionE. supposedly AB. disorderly AC. wonder AD. withdraw AE. agreeable BC. unlock BD. deprivation- the Great Wall of China- Machu Picchu in Peru- the Petra archaeological site in Jordan- the massive Christ the Redeemer sculpture in Brazil- the Great Pyramid of GizaThe new wonders are expected to boost tourism to some popular destinations, but it is also prompting some serious rethinking on the __56__ of tourists．VOA’s Mil Arcega reports.Of the __57__ seven wonders of the world, only the Pyramids of Giza are still standing. But the organizers of the New Seven Wonders say there is __58__ shortage of wonders in the world．Tia Viering is communications chief for the Zurich-based committee. “A wonder, we have been known to say in the past, is what makes you __59__,” says Viering. “It makes you __60__ and it takes your breath away for a second and you think 'Oh wow! Why? How? Who? When?' And it's not just a building that you think, 'Oh, that's sort of a nice building' -- it takes your breath away and it __61__ touches you.”Viering says the __62__was choosing only seven from a list of 21 of the world's most awe inspiring sites．Among them are the ancient temples of Angkor Wat (吴哥窟)．Some fear rampant (无节制的) tourism is __63__ one of Cambodia's most popular destinations．Historical preservationist John Stubbs is with the World Monument Fund. "There's not a minute to __64__ in looking after this precious place because, without a doubt, it could be ruined by some wrong __65__," says Stubbs．__66__ for many years, these monuments built for a 12th century king attract more than two million visitors every year．From just two hotels 10 years ago, today there are more than 100. In what was once jungle, new shopping malls, pizza restaurants and massage parlors __67__ the landscape．Even tourists have __68__ feelings about the commerce surrounding what were __69__ placesof worship．People had various reactions．"I think it takes away from it, I do," says one．"I don't,” says another．“ I feel that the importance of this place deserves people to watch it, see it, __70__ it．" 56．A．demand B．obligation C．reaction D．worship 57．A．imaginary B．newly-elected C．honorable D．original 58．A．a B．such C．no D．another 59．A．wonder B．sigh C．laugh D．agree 60．A．escape B．wander C．stop D．hurry 61．A. emotionally B．physically C．critically D．artificially 62．A．conflict B．agreement C．surprise D．difficulty 63．A．destroying B．changing C．overdeveloping D．discovering 64．A．spend B．find C．waste D．spare 65．A．concepts B．decisions C．designs D．findings 66．A．Independent B．Unexpected C．Undeniable D．Inaccessible 67．A．use B．equip C．dot D．symbolize 68．A．similar B．mixed C．strong D．changeable 69．A．once B．promisingly C．ever D．eventually 70．A．witness B．love C．improve D．protectSection B （40 %）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A）They looked shocked and insulted and somehow ashamed. Above all, they looked old. Wexford thought that in the nature of things a woman of seventy ought to be an orphan, ought to have been an orphan for twenty years. This one had been an orphan for scarcely twenty days. Her husband sitting opposite her, pulling his thin moustache, slowly and mechanically shaking his head, seemed older than she, perhaps not so many years the junior of his late mother-in-law. He wore a brown knitted jacket and sheepskin slippers. His wife kept saying she couldn’t believe her ears, she couldn’tbelieve it, why were people so evil? Wexford didn’t answer that. He couldn’t, though he had often wondered himself.“My mother died of a stroke,” Mrs. Betts said nervously. “It was the death certificate. Dr. Moss put it on the death certificate.”“She was ninety-two,” Mr. Betts said in his thick throaty voice. “Ninety-two.”“I mean,” said Mrs. Betts, “Are you saying that Dr. Moss was telling untruth? A doctor?”“Why don’t you ask him? We’re only ordinary people, the wife and me, we’re not educated. Doctor said a cerebral hemorrhage (脑溢血),” Betts trembled a little over the words, “and in plain language that’s a stroke. That’s what he said. Are you saying the wife or me gave mother a stroke? Are you saying that?”“I’m making no claims, Mr. Betts.” Wexford felt uncomfortable, wished himself anywhere butin this newly decorated, paint-smartened house. “I’m merely making enquiries which information received obliges me to do.”“Gossip,” said Mr. Betts bitterly. “This street’s a hotbed of gossip. Pity they’re nothing betterto do. Oh, I know what they’re saying. Half of them turn up their noses and looked the other way when I pass them.”Mr. Betts stared at Wexford with a kind of timid outrage. “Haven’t you folk got nothing betterto do? What about the real crime? What about the street attacks and the break-ins?”Wexford sighed. But he went on persistently questioning, remembering what the nurse had said, what Dr. Moss had said, keeping in the forefront of his mind that motive, which was so much more than merely wanting an aged parent out of the way. If he hadn’t been a policeman, with a great respect for the law and for human life, he might have felt that these two, or one of them, had been angered beyond bearing to do murder.One of them? Or both? Or neither? Ivy Wrangton had either died an unnatural death or elsethere had been a series of coincidences and unexplained events which were nothing short of unbelievable.71. Wexford was slightly confused by the fact that .(A) Mrs. Betts had been so old when her mother died(B) Mr. Betts was as old as his wife’s mother(C) Mrs. Betts had lost both of her parents(D) Mr. and Mrs. Betts both denied his accusation72. Mr. Betts implied that that .(A) his mother-in-law died of old age(B) the doctor Moss had insulted them(C) the doctor who signed the death certificate made a mistake(D) he cannot fully understand the cause of the death of his mother-in-law73. Mr. Betts appears to believe that that .(A) the neighbors have been chatting about their ill-treatment of the mother-in-law(B) the police should be concentrating on other offences(C) he was not so well-educated as the doctor(D) their neighbors are too proud of themselves74. Wexford feels it is worth questioning the couple about Ivy Wrangton because that .(A) he is certain they both murdered her(B) he knew they were tired of looking after her(C) the circumstances surrounding her death were quite unusual(D) he was unsure of what their motive may have been(B)The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning.Before it ends, it will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it is likely to reshape our politics, our culture, and the character of our society for years.No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S., lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them—especially for young people. The research of Till V on Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden within American society. More difficult, in the moment, is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the U.S. was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend.75. By saying "to find silver linings" (Line 1, Para. 2) the author suggest that the jobless tryto________.A. seek subsidies from the government.B. explore reasons for the unemployment.C. make profits from the troubled economy.D. look on the bright side of the recession.76. According to Paragraph2, the recession has made people_______.A. realize the national dreamB. struggle against each otherC. challenge their prudenceD. reconsider their lifestyles77. Benjamin Friedman believes that economic recessions may__________.A. impose a heavier burden on immigrantsB. bring out more evils of human natureC. promote the advance of rights and freedomD. ease conflicts between races and classes78. The research of Till V on Watcher suggests that in the research graduates from elite universities tend to____________.A. Lag behind the others due to decreased opportunitiesB. Catch up quickly with experienced employeesC. See their life chances as dimmed as the othersD. Recover more quickly than the others(C)Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. "Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!" pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social andbiological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones—spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.79. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as_______.A. a supplement to the social cureB. a stimulus to group dynamicsC.an obstacle to school progressD. a cause of undesirable behavior80. Rosenberg holds that public advocates should_______.A. recruit professional advertisersB. learn from advertisers’ experienceC. stay away from commercial advertisesD. recognize the limitations of advertisements81. In the author’s view, Rosenberg’s book fails to________.A. adequately probe social and biological factorsB. effectively evade the flaws of the social cureC. illustrate the functions of state fundingD. produce a long-lasting social effect82. The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is______.A. harmfulB. desirableC. profoundD. questionable（D）Depending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says national public radio) or five years (according to some customer-loyalty experts). The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers (people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly. Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "elite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jet-way. At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats. Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics; that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada—get this—"We have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else. " Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U. S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores. Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. Billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter. Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U. S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents. But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood. Howcivil was your last flight？Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $ 5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called Board First. com will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online. Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for. And then there is the US, where society seems to be cleaving into two groups; Very Important Persons, who don’t wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do-unhappy.83. What does the following sentence mean? ”Once the most democratic of institution, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers… Poor suckers, mostly. ”(2 paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracyB. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.84. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line? A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport. B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks. C. First-class passenger status at airports. D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.85. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen) _______.A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.86. What is the tone of the passage?A. InstructiveB. HumorousC. SeriousD. Indifferent（E）A. In large settings, people reported feeling more powerful and were likelier to steal money, cheat on a test, and commit traffic violations.B. How honest a person is depends mainly on his or her personality.C. This held true even when people were role-playing----that is, they weren’t rich real life.D. When Dutch psychologist Gerben van Kleef asked study participants that question, most chose the second accountant.E. Researchers find it very common among “successful” people but can’t explain why.F. The more wins, the higher the hormones, the greater the confidence boost, thebigger the risks, and so on.Picture two accountants alerted to suspicious entries in the books. The first takes the violation seriously. The second thinks it’s not a big deal. Who has more power? ____67______ Powerful people break the rules-----therefore, breaking rules makes one seem more powerful. “In its modest form, rule breaking is actually healthy,” says Zhen Zhang of Arizona State University. He found that relatively minor violations during adolescence----damaging property, playing hooky----predicated an admired occupation entrepreneur. When young men, in particular, take risks that succeed, testosterone levels surge. The hormone may underline the “winner effect,” say researchers John Coates and Joe Herbert of University of Cambridge, who tracked the hormonal activity of stock option traders (again, all male) over their good and bad days in the market _____68______. But at a certain point, risk taking can become illogical. This can cause “ethical numbing(道德麻木).” Consider Steve Jobs: As Apple grew, so did lawsuits against it, like those over patents. Being wealthy has a moral effect on both genders. Studies have found that the $150,000-plus per-year set was four times as likely to cheat as those making less than $15,000 a year when playing a game to win $50. The rich didn’t stop for pedestrians at a crosswalk nearly as often as less-wealthy drivers. ______69_____ That’s because environment—not personality—encourage rule breaking, argues Andy Yap, a behavioral scientist. Yap and his colleagues asked volunteers to sit in an SUVsize driver’s seat versus a crowded one or an executive-size office space versus a cubicle(小隔间) and then tested their responses to various moral evens. _____70______.Section C （10%）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病）of sleepiness in the nation．”I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr.David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.The beginning of our sleep-deficit（睡眠不足）crisis can be traced back to the invention ofthe light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19thcenturies, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. ”The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr.David, ”They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally vigorous. ”Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programme.” In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition. “To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier.” We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr. David, ”Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 在旅游旺季，机票订的越早越便宜。
2024-2025学年上海曹杨二中高三上学期数学周测及答案(2024.09)
曹杨二中2024学年第一学期高三年级数学月考2024.09一、填空题（本大题共有12题,满分54分,第1-6题每题4分,第7-12题每题5分） 1.已知集合()()3,2A ,B ,=−∞=+∞,则A B ⋂= . 2.已知复数z 满足15i z =−(i 为虚数单位),则z = . 3.已知向量()()102,210a ,,b ,,==,则a ,b <>= .4.523x ⎫⎪⎭的二项展开式中的常数项为 .（结果用数值表示）5.设()y f x =是以1为周期的周期函数.若当01x <≤时,()2f x log x =,则32f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭.6.设m 为正实数.若直线0x y m −+=被圆()()22113x y −+−=所截得的弦长为m ，则m = .7.从一副去掉大小王的52张扑克牌中无放回地任意抽取两次。
在第一次抽到A 的条件下，第二次也抽到A 的概率为 .（结果用最简分数表示）8.设数列{}n a 前n 项和为n S 。
若()21n n S a n ,n N +=≥∈,则5S = . 9.已知,x y 为正实数,且1x y +=,则当21x y+取最小值时,x = . 10.设(),1a R f x lnx ax ∈=−+.若函数()y f x =的图像都在x 轴下方（不含x 轴），则a 的取值范围是 .11.已知{}n a 是严格增数列,且点()()1n n P n,a n ,n N ≥∈均在双曲线2231x y −=上。
设M R ∈，若对任意正整数n ，都有1n n P P M +>，则M 的最大值为 .12.设(){}2,235a R f x min x ,x ax a ∈=−−+−，其中{}min u,v 表示,u v 中的较小值.若函数()y f x =至少有3个零点,则a 的取值范围是 .二、选择题（本大题共4题，满分18分，第13-14题每题4分，第15-16题每题5分）13.已知a R ∈，则"1a >"是"11a<"的（ ）. A.充分非必要条件 B.必要非充分条件 C.充要条件 D.既非充分又非必要条件14.为研究某药品的疗效,选取若干名志愿者进行临床试验,所有志愿者的舒张压（单位：kPa ）的分组区间为[)[)[)[)1213,1314,1415,1516,,,,，[]1617,.将其按从左到右的顺序分别编号为第一组，第二组，，第五组，下图是根据试验数据制成的频率分布直方图。
2020年上海市上海中学高三下学期5月周测数学试题10(含答案)
绝密★启用前上海市上海中学2020届上中高三下5月份周测试卷10数学试题注意事项：1、答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2、请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一?填空题:1?已知复数,2iz i 则z 的虚部为___2?若a r =(3,- 4),则与a r =(3,-4)共线的单位向量为__. 3?设221x y ,则x+y 的最小值为___.4?已知矩阵1324106,05170A B 则AB=__. 5?若点55(cos ,sin )66M 在角α的终边上,则tan α=___6?将函数1y x a 的图像向左平移一个单位后得到y= f(x)的图像,再将y= f(x)的图像绕原点旋转180°后仍与y= f(x)的图像重合,则a=___.7?已知函数210()(1)10x x f x f x x ，则方程f(x)= x 在区间(0,10 )内所有实根的和为____.8?20个不加区别的小球放入编号为1, 2, 3的三个盒子里,要求每个盒子内的球数不小于它的编号数,则不同的放法种数为____. 9?已知数列{}{}n n a b 、满足:1122,n nn n n n a b a a ，则{}n b 的前n 项和n S ____.10?若对任意实数x,都有1021001210(2)(2)(2)x a a x a x a x L 则3a ____.11?在△ABC 中,角A ?B ?C 所对的边为a?b?c,已知sin A+sin(B-C)= 2sin 2C,ab- cosC= 3,则△ABC 面积的最大值为__.12. 设112233(,),(,),(,)x y x y x y 是平面曲线2224x y x y 上任意三点,则12212332A x y x y x y x y 的最小值为____. 二?选择题:13?直线121x t y t ( t 为参数)的倾斜角等于().6A .3B 1.arctan 2C D. arctan214?已知a>0,b>0,若11lim 5,n n n n n a b a b 则a+ b 的值不可能是() A.7B.8C.9D.10 15?已知数列1234,,,a a a a 满足4111111,(1,2,3)22n n n n a a a a n a a ?则1a 所有可能的值构成的集合为()1.[,1]2A B. [±2,±1,] 1.[,2]2C 1.[,1,2]2D 16?若点N 为点M 在平面α上的正投影,则记N= f α(M)如图,在棱长为1的正方体1111ABCD A B C D 中,记平面AB 1C 1D 为β,平面ABCD 为γ,点P 是棱1CC 上一动点(与1C C 、不重合),12()],()][[Q f P Q f f P f 给出下列三个结论: ①线段2PQ 长度的取值范围是12[,]22②存在点P 使得PQ 1//平面β ;③存在点P 使得PQ 1⊥PQ 2 ;其中,所有正确结论的序号是( ) A ①②③B.②③C.①③D.①②三?解答题:17?如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,A 为单位圆与x 轴正半轴的交点, P 为单位圆上一点,且∠AOP=α,将点P 沿单位圆按逆时针方向旋转角β后到点Q(a,b),其中2[,].63(1)若点P 的坐标为34(,),554时,求ab 的值; (2)6，求22b a 的取值范围.18?如图所示,直三棱柱111ABC A B C 中,AA 1=AB=AC=1,E?F 分别是1,CC BC 的中点,1AE AB ，D 为棱11A B 上的点. (1)证明: DF ⊥AE;(2)是否存在一点D,使得平面DEF 与平面ABC 所成锐二面角的余弦值为1414？若存在,说明点D 的位置,若不存在,说明理由. 19?中国高铁的快速发展给群众出行带来了巨大便利,极大促进了区域经济社会发展,已知某条高铁线路通车后,发车时间间隔t (单位:分钟)满足*525,t t N ，经测算,高铁的载客里与发车时间间隔t 相关:当20≤t ≤25时高铁为满载状态,载客里为1000人,当5≤t<20时,载客里会在满载基础,上减少,减少的人数与2(20)t 成正比,且发车时间为5分钟时的载客里为100人,记发车间隔时间为1分钟时,高铁载客里为P(t). (1)求P(t )的表达式; (2)若该线路发车时间间隔t 分钟时的净收入2()()4065020004tQ t P t t t (元),当发车时间间隔为多少时,单位时间的净收益()Q t t 最大.20?如图,曲线L 由曲线22122:1(0,0)x y C a b y a b 和曲线22222:1(0)x y C y a b 组成,其中12,F F 为曲线1C 所在圆锥曲线的焦点,34,F F 为曲线2C 所在圆锥曲线的焦点.(1)若23(2,0),(6,0),F F 求曲线L 的方程;(2)如图,作直线1平行于曲线2C 的渐近线,交曲线1C 于点A 、B,求证:弦AB 的中点M 必在曲线2C 的另一条渐近线上;(3)对于(1)中的曲线L,若直线1l 过点4F 交曲线C 于点C ?D,求1CDF V 的面积的最大值.21?已知数列{}n a 的前n 项积为.n T 满足(1)*23()n n nT n N ),数列{b}的首项为2,且满足*1(1)()n n nb n b nN .(1)求数列{}{}n n a b 、的通项公式; (2)记集合*11|(105{}),nn n M n a b b n n N ,若集合M 的元素个数为2,求实数λ的取值范围; (3)是否存在正整数p,q,r,使得12q q p a a a b r a L 成立?如果存在,请写出p,q,r 满足的条件,如果不存在,请说明理由.。
上海市上海中学高三上学期周练英语试题
上海中学高三周考II.Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks tomake the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blankswith a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of thegiven word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits eachblank.There seems never 21 (be) a civilization without toys, butwhen and how they developed is unknown. They probably came aboutjust to give children something to do.In the ancient world, as is today, most boys 22 (play) with some kinds of toys and most girls with others. Insocieties 23 social roles are rigidly determined, boyspattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls 24 (prepare),even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of theadult world.25 is remarkable about the history of toys is notso much how they changed over the centuries but how much they haveremained the same. The changes have been mostly 26 craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology.It is the universality (普遍性) of toys with regard to theirdevelopment in all parts of theworld and their persistence to the present 27 is amazing.In Egypt, America,China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) people, generally the samekinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and waysof life 28toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls,little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.Because toys 29 be generally regarded as a kind of art form,they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cartto the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from arattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to 30 usedby an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness(独创性). Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of thetimes and subject to the limitations of available materials.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can beused only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.An addiction（瘾）is an activity or substance we are eager to experience repeatedly and forwhich we are willing if necessary to pay a price. Common addictions involve alcohol cigarettes food drugs gambling etc. Thisarticle discusses the concepts which can be31 in coping with addictive behavior.32 minor addictions such as watching too much television or lying in bed on weekend mornings are often not even considered addictions because the price paid for engaging in them is not high. On the other hand we tend to use the term “addict” to describe the person who at least in the eyes of others continues to be addicted in a behavior long after it has become 33that the substantial price being paid was not worth the benefit.The individual who has lost career house family and friends because of cocaine (可卡因) usebut is 34 to consider stopping is an unfortunate example.Negative addictions range from those with very minor negative consequences to those as serious as the cocaine addict just mentionedwith much 35 in between. Although it is not 36 true that a negative addiction grows stronger over time yet aconstant level of addictive behavior . overspending $ 200 a week )can lead to an increasing level of negative consequences.You may be 37 to learn that addictions can also be considered positive. Positive addictions are those in which the benefits outweigh the price. A common example would be the habit of regular exercise. The price of membership in a gym the time involved andany clothing expense is outweighed by the benefits of better healthenergy self-confidence and appearance. As with negative addictionspositive addictions may not get stronger over time and there is abroad 38 of how much benefit is actually obtained.What is common to both positive and negative addictions is theurge to engage in the addictive behavior and the satisfaction thatis 39 when the urge is acted upon. The urge is a stateof 40 and expectation that is experienced uncomfortably as a desire for the substance or activity. Because we experience relief when the urge is acted upon there is an increasedlikelihood that we will act on the urge again.III.R eading comprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business.Review，which has carried out an experiment to find out who we'd rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: 41 at their job anddelightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the autors found that, given the choice between working with lovable folls and comptent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the 42 . Anyway, who likes those who 43 or hurt other people? We might insist that competence matters more, butour 44 shows we stay close to the people we like, sharing information with them.What companies should 45 do is get people to like eachother more. The trickhere is apparently to make sure that stuffs come across each other as often as possible during day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and46 displeasure.47 , more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all. The 48 is that people either like each other or they don’t.You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices fridendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a49 cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely 50 . I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so 51 bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it?By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that 52 is one ofthe main determinants of whether we like each other. Ithink this is a pretty good ides, but no one 53 recommend this anymore withoutoffending the diversity lobby group (游说团体). There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it.Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to54 more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The55 is that this needs to be done with some skill.41.A. strange B. brilliant C. surprised D. absent-minded42.A. former B. latter C. majority D. minority43.A. hate B. fear C. doubt D. annoy44.A. thought B. behavior C. expression D.appearance45.A. further B. nevertheless C. therefore D. instead46.A. break down B. talk to C. pick out D. hold out47.A. besides B. Furthermore C. However D. Hence48.A. impression B. reality C. practice D. custom49.A. investment B. production C. operation D.productivity50.A. valueless B. disabled C. hopeless D. careless51.A. outstandingly B. inevitably C. hopefully D.forgetfully52.A. appearance B. effectiveness C. distinction D.similarity53.A. need B. dare C. must D. should54.A. create B. discover C. promote D. place55.A. strategy B. standard C. hope D. troubleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AAs a father of four, I’m concerned about how to lead my children to be good young men and women in such a turbulent time. I have studied philosophy, mysticism, and religion my entire life. They provide great lessons in responsibility and growth. However, I also recognize that, at least at this point in their lives, my children are not terribly interested in such subjects. While I was reflecting on this, I was reminded of a line in a song I had heard recently. It goes: “If you had only one chance to say something, what would it be?”That night, I found my tow oldest kids lounging on the couch watching a TV show that featured violence, cursing and even some “adult scenes”. I quietly sat on a chair next to them. I saw my boy straighten up, and my girl pretended to ignore me. I didn’t make any usual comments about the pointlessness of such programs. I didn’t even roll my eyes, although this took some effort. I simply asked:Can you tell me how this will make you a batter person?Without a word, I got up and left the room. About ten minutes later, to my surprise, the children were in their rooms doing their homework and the television was silent. Remarkable. This philosophy can change the way we live our lives. For example, whenever I feel angry and get the urge to lash out, I ask myself: “How does this acting or feeling the way I do right now make me a better person?” I began to realize that rarely did my thoughts or actions result in self-improvement, so I made conscious effort to change my mindset and behavior.We all want to be better fathers, mothers, sons and daughters. Better workers, better leaders, better lovers...... this list goes on. Sometimes succeeding in these roles can be tough. But one question aligns us with all those duties we possess to society and ourselves: “Is this making me a better person?”Whatever I said, it worked. My daughter has begun watching nature programs instead of violent TV shows, and she decided to go to school to become a counselor. My son told me he wants to be a police officer. I’ve since thrown away all those parenting magazines and books I’ve collected over the years because I made more progress with a single question than I did with hundreds of pages of “experts” advice.56.When the writer found his kids watching inappropriate TV programs that night, he appeared .A .calm B. indifferent C. critical D.anxious can this philosophy change the way welive our lives?A.By calming ourselves down when we are angryB.By raising a question about our current action and feelingC.By helping us realize our need for self-improvementD.By providing us with new mindset and behavior58.Why did the writer throw away his parenting magazines andbooks?A.Because his kids had grown out of themB.Because they didn’t offer him any help.C.Because that single question was more usefulD.Because the expert advice was toomuch to follow wrote this passage toA.convince teenagers of the downsides to watching TVB.introduce a life philosophy by telling a parenting storyrm the readers of how he helped hid kids set good goalsD.call on other other parents to trust themselves instead ofexperts.BWhen the people you know run more, you run more. And nowthere's data to prove it.A new study published today in Nature Communications of the daily-recorded exercise patterns of more than one million runners over five years shows that exercise is socially contagious. Your knowledge of what your friends are doing can and will motivate you to do more. The work marks a watershed moment in the use of detailed fitness tracking data to understand health behavior and causal behavior change."Knowing the running behaviors of your friends as shared on social networks can cause you to run farther, faster, and longer," said MIT Sloan Professor Sinan Aral, an author of "Exercise contagion ina global social network."Aral and colleague Christos Nicolaides, a postdoctoral fellow at MIT Sloan, used a data set that recorded the geographic location, social network ties, and daily running patterns of more than one million people who ran 359 million combined kilometers (223 million miles) and logged those runs digitally in a global social network ofrunners over five years. The data contain the daily distance, duration, pace, and calories burned by the runners, recorded by digital fitness tracking devices. The results, said Aral, revealed "strong contagion effects.""On the same day, on average, an additional kilometer run by friends can inspire someone to run an additional three-tenths of a kilometer and an additional ten minutes run by friends can inspire someone to run three minutes longer," the authors wrote.Historically, in the context of exercise, a debate exists about whether we make upward comparisons to those performing better than ourselves or downward comparisons to those performing worse than ourselves. Comparisons to those ahead of us may motivate our own self-improvement, while comparisons to those behind us may create "competitive behavior to protect one's superiority." According to Aral, there is evidence for both trajectories in the study, but comparisons to those better than us are more powerful.Gender matters too. The contagion is most pronounced among men, with men influencing other men to run farther and faster. In this regard, men may be more competitive and, specifically, more competitive with each other. Influence among same sex pairs is strongwhile influence among mixed sex pairs is weaker. Both men and women influence men.However, only women influence women who have reported, in earlier studies, being more influenced by self-regulation and individual planning than by their peers.60.T he word “contagious” in paragraph 2 most probably meansA.infectiousB. communicativeC. motivatedD.available61.Jack and Tom both are friends and like running. They post their runs every day on social media. According to the research, if one day Jack ran for an hour and a half and Tom an hour, them how long would Tom most probably run the next day?minutes minutesrunner tends to get the most powerful influence?A.A man making upward comparisons to his female friends.B.A man making upward comparisons to his male friends.C.A competitive women making comparisons to her peersD.A self-regulated woman who prefer individual planningCThe study of psychology is facing a crisis. The ResearchExcellence Framework (the Ref) has led to a research culture which is holding back attempts to stabilize psychology in particular, andscience in general. The Ref encourages universities to push for groundbreaking innovative, and exciting research in the form of 4* papers, but it does not reward the efforts of those who replicate studies.The point of replicating a study is to test whether a statistically significant result will appear again if the experiments is repeated. Of course, a similar result may not appear –casting into questions the validity of the results from the first experiment.Last year, the Open Science Collaboration attempted to replicate 100 studies from highly ranked psychological journalists. While 97% of the original studies had a statistically significant result, just 36% of the replications had the same outcome. Equally worrying: when an effect did appear, it was often much smaller than previously thought.Recent data calls into question some widely influential findings in psychological science. These problems are not confined to psychology however –many findings published in scientific literature may actually be false.Science is supposed to be self-correcting and reproducibility is acornerstone of the scientific method. Yet, we simply aren’t invested in replicating findings. We all want to be good researchers and understand more about how the world works. So why are we so reluctant to check our conclusions are valid?Because no incentive is provided by the system we carry out our research in. In the UK,the Ref ranks the published works of researchers according to their originality (how innovative is the research?), significance (does it have practical or commercial importance?),and rigour (is the research technically right?). Outputs are then awarded one to four stars. 4* papers are considered world-leading. The cumulative total of 3* and 4* papers determines research funding allocation and has a knock-on effect on institutional position in league tables(排名表) and therefore attractiveness to students. Obviously, the more publications the better.Worrying, many academics admit to engaging in at least one questionable research practice in order to achieve publication. Examples of this include: coming up with a theory after data is collected, stopping collecting data when an effect appears in case it disappears later, or only reporting the significant effects from collected data. Others simply fabricate data–Dutch psychologist Diederik Stapel shockingly falsified data from more than 50 studies.The Ref completely harms our efforts to produce a reliable body of knowledge. Why? The focus on originality – publications exploring new areas of research using new paradigms,and avoiding testing well-established theories –is the exact opposite of what science needs to be doing to solve the troubling replication crisis. According toRef standards, replicating an already published piece of work is simply uninteresting.With the next Ref submission just four years away, many researchers are effectively faced with a choice: be a good scientist, or be a successful academic who gets funding and a promotion.63.What crisis the study of psychology facing?A.The Ref has led to a revolution in not only psychology but alsoscience.B.The universities are encouraged to generate more groundbreakingresearch.C.The Ref tends to set up a different standard for replications ofstudies.D.The Ref’s indifference to replications of studies has led toworrying effects.64.The Ref’s focus on originality has brought about .A.a reliable body ofknowledgeB.publications exploring new areasC.tests of well-established theoriesD.uninteresting replications of studies65.We can infer from the passage that the Ref .A.is a system for assessing the quality of research in UKuniversitiesB.provides UK researchers with funding and job opportunitiesC.recognizes researchers’ work and adds to their attractiveness tostudentsD.is planning to change its standard before the next Ref submission66.What does the writer mean by saying “be a good scientist”?A.Contribute to the solution to the replication crisis.B.Reform the standards that have been set up by the Ref.C.Give up possible funding and promotion given by universities.D.Avoid using false research practices to test old theories.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The parents’ refusal to admit these changes when the child knowsthem to be true makes impossible.B.Most children have such a high ideal of their parents, unless theparents themselves have been unsatisfactory, that it can hardly hope to stand up to a realistic evaluation.C.They may even make some unpleasant remark’s about the friends’parents, and think of them as disloyalty.D.Today we tend to go to the other extreme, but on the whole this is ahealthier attitude both for the child and the parent.E.What the child cannot forgive is the parent’s refusal to admit thesecharges if the child knows them to beF.They may even accuse them of disloyalty, or make some unpleasantremarks about the friends’ parents.Parents are often upset when their children praise the homes of their friends and regard it as a slur (诋毁) on their own cooking, or cleaning, or furniture, and often are foolish enoughto let the teenagers see that they are annoyed. 67 Such a loss of dignity and a kind of childish behavior on the part of the adults deeply shocks the teenager, and makes them decide that in future they will not talk to their parents about the place or people they visit. Before very long the parents will be complaining that the child is so secretive and never tells them anything, but they seldom realize that they have brought this on themselves.Disillusionment(醒悟) with the parents, however good and adequate they may be both as parents and as individuals, is to some degreeinevitable.68 Parents would be greatly surprised and deeply touched ifthey realized how muchbelief their children usually have in their character and correctness, and how much this faith means to a child. If parents were prepared for this teen-aged reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment, they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by offending and resisting it. The teenagers, with his passion for sincerity, always respects a parent who admits that he is wrong, or ignorant, or even that he has been unfair or unjust. 69Victorian parents believed that they kept their dignity by retreating（伪装） behind anunreasoning authoritarian attitude; in fact they did nothing of the kind, but children were then too frightened to let them know how they really felt. 70 It is always wiser and safer to face up to reality, however painful it may be at the moment.IV.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, usingthe words given in the brackets.71. 新任的总统因军事危机而忧心忡忡。
2023_2024学年上海市奉贤区高三上册10月月考数学模拟测试卷(附答案)
2023_2024学年上海市奉贤区高三上册10月月考数学模拟测试卷二､选择题（本大题共4题，满分13．如果，，那么直线0AC <0BC >A ．第一象限C ．第三象限P(1)求成功点的轨迹方程；(2)为了记录比赛情况，摄影机从P F的轨迹没有公共点，求点纵坐标(1)若直线l 平行于AB ，与圆C 相交于两点，且，求直线l 的方程；,D E DE AB =(2)在圆C 上是否存在点P ，使得成立若存在，求点P 的个数；若不存在，说2212PA PB +=明理由；(3)对于线段AC 上的任意一点Q ，若在以点B 为圆心的圆上都存在不同的两点，使得点,M N M 是线段QN 的中点，求圆B 的半径r 的取值范围.【详解】如图，过点作垂直于，垂足为O OC PQ =22R d -2222()R ON CN --即两点重合时，CN =,N C PQ直径为14，.对于B ，因为()2213a b ++=当且仅当时，等号成立，故612a b =+=对于C ，将看作是22a b +(O 所以，故min 31d r OM =-=-.故选：D.16．C【分析】取点，推理证明得(4,0)-N 和的最小值作答.【详解】如图，点M 在圆O ，||2||4ON OM ==当点不共线时，,,O M N ||||2||||OM ON OA OM ==则有，当点共线时，有||||2||||MN OM MA OA ==,,O M N 因此2||||||(MA MB MN MB BN +=+≥=-O 的交点时取等号，2MA MB+26）设圆心C 到直线l ：(1y k x =-O 到直线l ：的距离为()1y k x =-，，241k =+221kd k =+2212OEF S EF d r =⋅⋅=-△（3）设，(,0)Q n。
上海市南洋模范中学2017届高三上学期周练(10.20)英语试题 Word版含答案
南洋模范高三周练2016年10月20日Grammar and Vocabulary（A）One of the most important skills in reading is the knowledge of words. Since Vocabulary Building and Word Study, another book in this series, (25) ______ (devote) to vocabulary development, we are not going to deal with this skill directly, but you should be aware of the basic fact (26) ______ the number of words you know determines the difficulty and complexity of the material you can read and understand.(27) ______ you have an extremely limited reading vocabulary, you will be able to read only very simple material. For example, children just beginning to read in first grade must use books that only have a few dozen words in them. As they progress through school their reading vocabulary keeps increasing (28) ______ they are adults. Adults typically have reading vocabularies of over 50,000 words.Failure (29) ______(develop) an extensive reading vocabulary will definitely hold you back in your efforts to improve comprehension. Most people learn new words by encountering them in reading or conversation, (30) ______ the meaning is usually clear from the context. A few words are learned by looking them up in the dictionary.If you feel that vocabulary is a problem for you, you may wish to do something systematic about it. There are many good books (31) ______ to help develop vocabulary, including the one in this series. (32) ______(begin) with any of them will help yourvocabulary.（B）Conversation is an important part of life to everyone. However some people are afraid of starting a casual conversation with a stranger (33) ______ ______ a fear of not having anything interesting to say. Fear of rejection is also a reason for keeping silent. Small talk in a conversation can serve as a way of warming up and getting to know each other. Most people, (34) ______ ______ ______ successful they are at work, will find the process of making small talk uncomfortable, even pointless.However, you (35) ______ (have) a pretty small world if you refuse to let others in. Starting off with (36) ______ usual comment or question will make others comfortable, and even just greeting them with a simple “hello” will often be enough.Once you have made the first move, there is no turning back. You need to keep things going before you can gracefully say goodbye. Think about what you would like to share with a new friend and that is (37) ______ you can ask the other person about. Work, family, hobbies or interests are some general points of discussion. (38) ______ (keep) the ball rolling, you can show that you are really interested in what they are saying. Once you find common points of interest, things will definitely take off from there.Small talk (39) ______ turn out to be a pleasant experience. The conversation should be brief and casual without turning into a long and boring discussion. Do not let yourself control the conversation. Let (40) ______ talk too. Stop worrying about how big of a fool you may appear to be. You may even find out later on that you have the “talent” of getting people to open up to you by engaging them in small talk. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. additionalB. academicC. balanceD. optionsE. highlightF. particularG. involvedH.related I. thought J. presentationK. positionJob seekers should know the rules of labor market before they try to find a proper job. Most career organizations 41 three stages for graduates to follow the process of securing a suitable career: recognizing abilities, matching these to available jobs and presenting them well to possible employers.Job seekers have to make a careful assessment of their abilities. One area of assessment should be of their 42 qualifications, which include special skills within their subject area. Graduates should also consider their own values and attitudes. An honest assessment of personal interests and abilities such as creative skills, or skills acquired from work experience, should also be given careful 43 .The second stage is to study the opportunities which are available for employment. To do this, graduates can study job and 44 information in newspapers, or they can pay a visit to a careers office, write to friends or relatives who may already be 45 in a particular profession. After studying all the various 46 , they should be in a position to make informed comparisons between various careers.Good personal 47 is essential in the search for a good career. Job application forms should be filled in carefully and correctly, without grammar of spelling errors. They should also prepare properly by finding out all they can about the possible employer. When 48 information is asked for, job seekers should describe their abilities and work experience in more depth, as wellas 49 their own abilities with the employer’s needs, explain why they are interested in a career with the 50 company and try to show that they already know something about the company and its activities. Interviewees should try to give positive answers and not be afraid of asking questions about anything they are unsure about.Reading ComprehensionDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People read for different purposes. Sometimes people read for information while on other occasions, for understanding. Therefore, we can know that the word “reading” has two51 senses.The first sense is the one in which we read newspapers, magazines, and so on. We can get access to the content of those materials 52 . Such materials may increase our 53 of information, but they cannot improve our understanding. And clearly we don’t have any difficulty in gaining the new information, for our understanding is 54 to them before we start. Otherwise, we would have felt the shock of puzzlement.The second sense is the one in which we read something that at first we do not completely 55 . Here the thing to be read is at the first sight better or higher than the reader. The writer is communicating something that can increase the reader’s understanding. Such56 between unequals – people who know and people who don’t know – must be made possible. Otherwise one person could never learn from another. Here “learning” means understanding more,not 57 more information.What are the 58 in this kind of reading? First, there is inequality in understanding. The writer must be “59 ” to the reader in understanding. Besides, his book must convey something he possesses while his potentialreaders 60 . Second, the reader must be able to 61 this inequality in some degree. And he should always try to reach the same level of understanding with the writer. If the 62 is approached, success of communication is achieved.Besides gaining information and un derstanding, there’s another goal of reading:63 . It is the least 64 and requires the least amount of effort. Everyone who knows how to read can read for entertainment if he wants to. 65 , any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well.51. A. meaningful B.broad C. separate D. informative52. A. easily B.wholly C.briefly D. highly53. A. analysis B. comprehension C.appreciation D. store54. A. equal B.contrary C. inferior D. devoted55. A. agree B.understand C. approve D. enjoy 56. A. contact B.relationship C. method D. communication57. A. selecting B. ignoring C. remembering D. creating58. A. conditions B. procedures C.approaches D. purposes59. A. humble B. superior C.kind D. generous60. A. know B. acquire C. lack D. deny61. A. recognize B.follow C.neglect D. overcome62. A. principle B. equality C. information D. content63. A. knowledge B. ability C. entertainment D. culture64. A. enjoyable B. reasonable C.flexible D. demanding65. A. In fact B. On the contrary C. Inaddition D. On the other hand阅读理解(A)Dennis Sinar, 51, a doctor from New York, is quick to explain why he took a year-long break from his job. “I was pretty burned out after practicing medicine for 26 years. I needed a recharge.” So he took a “gap year”, from July 2011 to June 2012, to explore things like ancient buildings, antique restoration, archaeology and traditional Eastern medicine, in locations including Alaska, Nepal and Romania.“Taking a break fro m work is an excellent way for adults to go into a new career or refresh an old one,” said Holly Bull, president of Princeton, N, J. “In recent years, mid-career breaks have been gaining more interest,” she said. A report on adult gap years published this year by a market research company also described the potential American market for gap years as a “sleeping giant.”“A gap year is a challenge for the older individual to step out of a comfort zone and take a risk. I enjoyed that side most.” said Dr. S inar, who kept a daily blog about his experience. His time studying Eastern medicine “assured the reasons I went into health care,” said Dr. Sinar, who returned to practice medicine at his old job, although he works fewer days. “I use those experiences to provide my patients with more care,” he added. “And I listen better than I did before.”George Garritan, chairman of the Department of Leadership and Human Capital Management at New York University, certainly agrees with Dr. Sinar. He said a gap-year experience could be worthwhile for employees and companies. For employees, investing in themselves and improving skill sets is a move that will benefit throughout their career. He added that returning employees feel refreshed and have given more thought to their career. For companies, offering unpaid leaves makes good sense for attracting and keeping talented employees.66. Dr. Sinar took a gap year because he ________.A. had lost his old jobB. wanted to refresh after 26 years’ workC. had a desire for travellingD. became interested in historical research67. The phrase “sleeping giant” (in 2nd paragraph) indicates that ________.A. it’s too early for people to accept the conception of gap yearB. the effect of gap year policy remains to be seenC. it’s di fficult to foresee the gap year marketD. more American people will accept the gap year policy68. What’s George Garritan’s attitude toward the “gap year”A. Positive.B. DoubtfulC. Uninterested.D. Uncertain.69. What’s the passage mainly aboutA. How an adult plans a mid-career gap year.B. Why a gap year is worthwhile for adults.C. Whether a gap year is popular with adults.D. Why a gap year is challenging for individuals.Submitting Assignment OnlineIn order to upload an assignment to the system properly, you must save the assignment using one of the following applications: Microsoft Word, Corel WordPerfect, or Microsoft Excel.After you complete an assignment, it is important to save your work. This ensures that assignment being uploaded to the system is the most updated version. Your word processing program may attempt to save the assignment to a folder on your computer. We recommend creating a new folder, named after your course, in a location that is easy to remember, such as “My Documents.”File Name RequirementsSelect a file name for the assignment that is easy to remember. The file name must NOT contain spaces. Any spaces used in the file name will prevent the file from uploading to the system. File names using the extensions .rtf, .html, .zip, .jpg, or .exe are NOT allowed.Assignment Upload ProcedureWhen the file is ready to upload, follow these steps:1. Sign in the system.2. Enter your address information and click the CONTINUE button. You will be routed to the “Directions” s creen.3. Review the directions and click the CONTINUE button. You will be routed to the “Special Assignment Upload” screen.4. Click the SEARCH button. The “Choose File” window pops up.5. Find the location on your computer where you saved your assignment, and select the file.After you have selected the file, click the UPLOAD button to upload your assignment to the system.Assignment Submission DatesAssignments must be submitted by midnight on the specified due date. Submit your assignment on time so that it reaches the system on or before the due date. No late assignments will be accepted or marked. Assignments delivered after the due date will not be assessed and will be failed. Please manage your time carefully as family and work demands will not be accepted as excuses for late or non-submissions. Tutors and administrators do not have the authority to grant extensions.70. Which of the following file names is acceptable for submitting assignment?A. researchpaper.doc B. research paper.pdfC.researchpaper.doc D. researchpaper.rtf71. Students are advised to save an assignment to a specific folder in order to ________.A. sign in thesystem B. remember where the document isC. choose the appropriate applicationD. remember the document name quickly72. The phrase “pops up” in the passage probably means “________”.A. appearsB. eliminatesC. scansD. browses73. If you summit your assignment after the due time, you ________.A. can have a second chanceB. should ask a tutor for helpC. may apply for an extensionD. will get a fail for the workBThe jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 . By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1. CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. 37. Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?2. CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 38. There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3. Personal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 . “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”4. Self -expression40 there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas–music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we can’t forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.(C)Even in a weak job market, the old college try isn’t the answer for everyone. A briefing paper from the Brookings Institution warns that “we may have overdone the message” on college, senior fellow Isabel Sawhill said.“We’ve been telling students and their families for years that college is the only way to succeed in the economy and of course there’s a lot of truth to that,” Ms. Sawhill said. “On average it does pay off… But if you load up on a whole lot of student debt and then you don’t graduate, that is a very bad situation.”One comment that people often repeat among the years of slow job growth has been the value of educat ion for landing a job and advancing in a career. April’s national unemployment rate stood at 7.5%, according to the Labor Department. The unemployment rate for high-school graduates over 25 years old who hadn’t attended college was 7.4%, compared with 3.9% for those with a bachelor’s degree or more education. The difference is even bigger among those aged 16-24. The jobless rate for those with only a high school diploma in that age group is about 20%. At the same time, recent research by Canadian economists warns that a college degree is no guarantee of promising employment.Ms. Sawhill pointed out that among the aspects that affect the value of a college education is the field of one’s major: students in engineering or other sciences end up earning more than those who major in the arts or education. The cost of tuition and the availability of financial aid are other considerations, with public institutions generally a better financial bargain than private ones.She suggested two ways of improving the situation: increasing vocational-technical(职业技能) training programs and taking a page from Europe’s focus on early education rather than post-secondary learning. “The European countries put a little more attention to getting people prepared in the primary grades,” she said. “Then they have a higher requirement for whoever goes to college—but once you get into college, you’re more likely to be highly subsidized(资助).”She also is a supporter of technical training—to teach students how to be workers, such as plumbers, welders and computer programmers—because “employers are desperate” for workers with these skills.74. People usually think that _____.A. the cost of technical schooling is a problemB. one will not succeed without a college degreeC. technical skills are most important for landing a jobD. there is an increased competition in getting into a college75. What does the underlined part “taking a page from” mean?A. revisingB. promotingC. definingD. adopting76. What can we infer from the passage?A. Public institutions charge more for education.B. European universities are stricter with students.C. Students with certain skills are in great demand.D. Canadian students prefer to major in engineering.77. Ms. Sawhill may probably agree that_______A. too much stress has been put on the value of college degreeB. technical training is more important than college educationC. a college degree will ensure promising employmentD.it is easier for art students to find favorite jobs(D)Among the government's most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children. Not surprisingly, the costs are steep. For a middle-class, husband-and-wife family (average pretax income in 2009 ：$ 76 250), spending per child is about $ 12 000 a year. With inflation the family’s spending on a child will total $ 286 050 by age 17.The dry statistics ought to inform the ongoing deficit debate, because a budget is not just a catalog of programs and taxes. It reflects a society’s priorities and values. Our society does not—despite rhetoric (说辞）to the contrary---put much value on raising children. Present budget policies tax parents heavily to support the elderly. Meanwhile, tax breaks for children are modest. If deficit reduction aggravates these biases, more Americans may choose not to have children or to have fewer children. Down that path lies economic decline.Societies that cannot replace their populations discourage investment and innovation. They have stagnant (萧条的）or shrinking markets for goods and services. With older populations, they resist change. To stabilize its population—discounting immigration—women must have an average of two children. That's a fertility rate of 2.0. Many countries with struggling economies are well below that.Though having a child is a deeply personal decision, it’s shaped by culture, religion, economics, and government policy. "No one has a good answer” as to why fertility varies among countries, says sociologist Andrew Cherlin of The Johns Hopkins University. Eroding religious belief in Europe may partly explain lowered birthrates. In Japan young women may be rebelling against their mothers' isolated lives of child rearing. General optimism and pessimism count. Hopefulness fueledAmerica's baby boom. After the Soviet Union’s collapse, says Cherlin, "anxiety for the future" depressed birthrates in Russia and Eastern Europe.In poor societies, people have children to improve their economic well-being by increasing the number of family workers and providing support for parents in their old age. In wealthy societies, the logic often reverses. Government now supports the elderly, diminishing the need for children. By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children in the United States and almost 1.0 in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journal National Affairs. Similarly, some couples don't have children because they don't want to sacrifice their own lifestyles to the time and expense of a family.Young Americans already face a bleak labor market that cannot instill (注入）confidence about having children. Piling on higher taxes won’t help, "If higher taxes make it more expensive to raise children," says Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, "people will think twice about having another child." That seems like common sense, despite the multiple influences on becoming parents.78. What do we learn from the government report?A) Inflation increases families' expenses.B) Raising children is getting expensive.C) Budget reduction is around the corner.D) Average family expenditure is increasing.79. What is said to be the consequence of a shrinking population?A) Weakened national strength. C) Economic downturn.B) Increased immigration. D) Social instability.80. What accounted for America’s baby boom?A) Optimism for the future. C) Religious beliefs.B) Improved living conditions. D) Economic prosperity.81. Why do people in wealthy countries prefer to have fewer children?A) They want to further improve their economic well-being.B) They cannot afford the time and expenses of rearing children.C) They are concerned about the future of the coming generation.D) They don't rely on their children to support them in old age.82. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A) To instill confidence in the young about raising children.B) To advise couples to think twice before having children.C) To encourage the young to take care of the elderly.D) To appeal for tax reduction for raising children.(E)Space exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力)struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They resonated(共鸣) with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up at odds with each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact.The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no successor. The perpetual argument is that funds are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dispensable luxury—as if saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems.But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modem Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us—not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the spin-off technologies they produce, but because the two types of dreams feed off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can transcend what were once considered inherent limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the credit. The more evidence we collect that our species is capable of greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.83. The author mentions Cyrano de Bergerac in order to show that_________.A) imagination is the mother of inventionB) ingenuity is essential for science fiction writersC) it takes patience for humans to realize their dreamsD) dreamers have always been interested in science fiction84. How did the general public view Kennedy’s space exploration plan?A) It symbolized the American spirit.B) It was as urgent as racial equality.C) It sounded very much like a dream.D) It made an ancient dream come true.85. W hat does the author say about America’s aim to explore space?A) It may not bring about immediate economic gains.B) It cannot be realized without technological innovation.C) It will not help the realization of racial and economic equality.D) It cannot be achieved without a good knowledge of the other worlds.86. What is the author’s attitude toward space programs?A) Critical. C) Unbiased.B) Reserved. D) Supportive.87. What does the author think of the problems facing human beings?A) They pose a serious challenge to future human existence.B) They can be solved sooner or later with human ingenuity.C) Their solutions need joint efforts of the public and privatesectors.D) They can only be solved by people with optimism andambitionSUMMARYI am a strong believer that if a child is raised with approval, he learns to love himself and will be successful in his own way. Several weeks ago, I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines．I kept asking him to sit down, telling him that he would concentrate better. He sat but seconds later, as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it, he got up again．I was getting frustrated, but then it hit me．I started noticing his answers were much quicker and accurate when he stood up．Could he be more intent while standing up？This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe. I was raised to believe that a quiet, calm child was a sure way to success．This child would have the discipline to study hard, get good grades and become someone important in life．Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality traits，and all you can do is loving and accepting them．As parents，throughout their growing years and beyond that, we need to be our kids' best cheerleaders，guiding them and helping them find their way.I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate．Obviously, he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine．We need to learn to accept our kids' ways of doing things．Some way may have worked for me but doesn't mean we need to carry it through generations．There is nothing sweeter than being individual and unique．It makes us free and happy and that's just the way I want my kids to live their own life．Summary:________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________翻译1. 请你便的时候打电话给我。
2023-2024学年上海交大附中高三上10月月考英语试题及答案
上海交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年度第一学期高三英语十月月考试卷（满分150分，120分钟完成。
答案请写在答题纸上。
）I.Listening Comprehension(25’)Section ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Go to catch the next train. B.Listen to the traffic report.C.Go to the city by other transportation.D.Check the weekend schedule.2.A.It doesn’t take a long time to get there. B.The lectures have been put off.C.There is no need to hurry.D.The lectures have already started.3.A.The woman should have gone to Paris earlier.B.He studied French in a different way in high school.C.Life in Paris helped improve the woman’s language skills.D.The woman must have had a good teacher in Paris.4.A.She thinks the post office is nearby. B.She is also looking for the post office.C.She thinks the man’s guess is right.D.She doesn’t know where the post office is.5.A.Her coat is similar to the man’s. B.The man needn’t have brought the coat.C.Her sweater is not warm enough.D.The man shouldn’t have worn a sweater.6.A.Make sure the registration office didn’t make a mistake.B.Decide whether to drop the course in the first week.C.Find out if a place opens up in the course later.D.Take the course of the creative writing next year.7.A.He recently spent a month in New York. B.He can recommend many things to do.C.He suggests the woman extend her trip.D.He bets the woman will have fun there.8.A.Disappointed. B.Excited. C.Proud. D.Embarrassed.9.A.He talks less than he used to. B.He hasn’t had time to play tennis recently.C.He shouldn’t have behaved so proudly.D.He has never talked to her after the game.10.A.The man should have had his car inspected earlier.B.There are always a lot of people at the auto inspection center.C.She waited longer than the man did to have her car inspected.D.The auto inspection center will close at the end of the month.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s),and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s).The conversation(s)and passage(s)will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.The truck’s over speeding. B.The truck’s heavy load.C.The terrible weather.D.The pedestrians’carelessness.12.A.The relocation of several factories. B.The company’s pay offer.C.The high rate of unemployment.D.The union’s demand.13.A.They will increase by a third this year.B.They have been rising in the last five years.C.The average price of a house in the UK is£255,900.D.They make it extremely difficult for those on the property ladder to buy a house. Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.What causes fearfulness externally. B.Why mice are particularly fearful animals.C.Whether fearfulness is inherited or not.D.How animals react to frightening situations.15.A.They wandered around the box. B.They bred again and again.C.They couldn’t find a hiding place.D.They remained close to one wall.16.A.Some changes in the nervous system. B.The interference from human beings.C.The size of nerve cells in the brain.D.The existence of certain nerve cells. Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.In the woman’s hometown. B.In the man’s hometown.C.Outside their hometown.D.In a small town.18.A.Choose whichever friend can give the best toast.B.Choose whichever friend can plan the reception.C.Choose whichever friend knows all their in-laws.D.Choose whichever friend knows a lot about weddings.19.A.The bride’s family. B.A wedding planner.C.The groom’s family.D.The new couple.20.A.She doesn’t think it is a tradition.B.She thinks her mother-in-law can plan the wedding well.C.She thinks it will cost too much to have a wedding planner.D.She doesn’t want her wedding to be in the charge of someone unknown to her.II.Grammar and Vocabulary(20’)Section ADirections:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)What is nirvana(涅槃、超脱)for a potato?To be sliced and bathed in boiling oil before ____21____(emerge)as a French fry?To have its weight matched in butter and cream and be transformed into glorious mounds of mash?No.The answer is found in a plastic bag.For a potato,there is no nobler fate than to end up in a packet of Tayto cheese-and-onion crisps.Taytos are the perfect crisps.The company was established in Ireland in1954by Joe Murphy.He was not the inventor of crisps,but he has been credited____22____ transforming them.Until then there was no way to flavour the individual crisps____23____. Instead,each bag came with a small blue packet of salt____24____(shake)over the contents.Murphy started with artificial flavours of cheese and onion.The pairing is a classic,and the flavour combines well with potatoes.“Potatoes,”____25____(write)Seamus Heaney, one of Ireland’s greatest poets,“promise the taste of ground and root”.The ____26____(poetic)might describe them as a bit plain.Sprinkled with the salty umami(鲜味) of Murphy’s seasoning,however,they became a cut-price sensation.Taytos remain the classic Irish crisp,but now they are available elsewhere,____27____, of course,many other brands of flavoured crisps are.That is a mixed blessing.Once upon a time even industrially produced foods had a limited range.To travel was to discover not only the cooking in other places,but the snacks.Going to France was a chance to chug(一饮而尽)a bottle of Orangina,a fizzy drink.For me,Taytos were____28____once-a-year treat, to be eaten on a beach in south-west Ireland shivering after an icy swim or sweating at the top of a mountain.Thanks to a globalised food system and the appetites of homesick migrants,such items are now available far beyond their lands of origin.That shift results in the loss of a modest joy.At first glance a bag of Taytos is the opposite of a seasonal or local food.____29____(enclose)in their silvery plastic,they survive in all seasons and locales.And yet,for me at least,these potato snacks are entangled with their Irish roots.The ingenious seasoning should taste no different____30____I am in a London park or in Murphy’s homeland.But somehow it does.(B)Are you afraid of getting old?____31________31________31____we get past the age of25,many of us immediately feel the urge to stop the signs of ageing—especially the visible ones.Men and women are now using topical“anti-ageing”creams,spa treatments and medical procedures____32____(counter)many of them.____33____these methods can somewhat affect the way you look,ageing is an internal process.A new study has found exactly when during your lifetime this process peaks.A group of scientists based out of the Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered that____34________34____being a smooth,continuous process,ageing surges forward at three distinct stages of life:first,at the age of34,then at age60,and finally at78.The study,published in Nature Medicine,reveals that scientists can not only predict your age by studying the proteome(protein levels in the blood)but also determine which organs are ageing faster than____35________35____,and which age-related diseases your body is more likely to develop.The study measured plasma proteins(血浆蛋白) collected from4,263adults between the ages of18-95years and studied the changes in the proteome that occurred with age.Their ultimate goal was to understand how to identify the changes associated with cardiovascular issues and age-related diseases like Alzheimer's____36________36____ therapeutic treatments can be devised to counter their onset while there's still time.Dr Tony Wyss-Coray,one of the leading members of the study,told Stanford Medicine News Center,“We've known for a long time that____37____(measure)certain proteins can give you information about a person's health status—lipoproteins(脂蛋白)for cardiovascular(心血管的)health,for example.But it____38____(not appreciate)that so many different proteins'levels—roughly a third of all the ones we looked at—change markedly with advancing age.”This difference between the chronological(按时间计算的)and physiological(生理的) age,according to the scientists'“plasma-protein clock”,showed that a lot of people in the study seemed younger than they actually are.What's more,the study also confirmed that men and women,though equally____39____(represent)in the study,age differently.Does this mean medications and lifestyle methods,with further research,can also be devised to help____40____ages too rapidly and is at risk of contracting age-related diseases like hypertension and Alzheimer's?You never know.Section B:Directions:Complete the following passages by using the words in the box.Each word can only beIt launched an independent review of security after items including gold jewellery and gems of semiprecious stones and glass dating from the15th century BC to the19th century AD were found to be missing,stolen or damaged.Legal action against the____41____member of staff will be taken and the matter is also being investigated by the economic crime command of the Metropolitan police.George Osborne,the museum’s chair,said:“The trustees of the British Museum were extremely____42____when we learned earlier this year that items of the collection had been stolen.“The trustees have taken____43____action to deal with the situation,working with the team at the museum.We called in the police,imposed emergency measures to increase security,set up an independent review into what happened and lessons to learn,and used all the____44____powers available to us to deal with the individual we believe to be responsible.“Our priority is now threefold:first,to____45____the stolen items;second,to find out what,if anything,could have been done to stop this;and third,to do whatever it takes,with investment in security and collection records,to make sure this doesn’t happen again.“This incident only reinforces the____46____for the reimagination of the museum we have embarked upon.It’s a sad day for all who love our British Museum,but we’re determined to____47____the wrongs and use the experience to build a stronger museum.”Hartwig Fischer,the museum’s director,said:“This is a highly unusual incident.We take the safeguarding of all the items in our care____48____.The museum apologises for what has happened,but we have now brought an end to this–and we are determined to put things right.We have already tightened our security arrangements and we are working alongside outside experts to complete a definitive____49____of what is missing,damaged and stolen.This will allow us to____50____our efforts into our work to ensure the stolen items are returned to the museum.”III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.I own a market research company,so I understand the importance of gathering data from your target audience and using that data in order to make product development.I also know that surveys can provide____51____information that's extremely valuable to our clients.But the quality of the data you get as an output from surveys is only as strong as how well you____52____the survey questions.One of the main pitfalls I see teams make is writing leading questions that might get the company results they want to hear,but those results are not always____53____.Below are common ways I've seen companies ask leading questions and how to avoid them:1.Don't make assumptions for your participants.“How well do you think we delivered on your project?”implies your team did a good job.To make it more objective,____54____to ask,“How did we deliver on your project?”It's a subtle change,but the second question takes out the implicit bias.2.Balance the options from which participants can choose.Let's say you want to know the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction customers have with your product or service.If you ask this in a multiple-choice format,you need to ensure the____55____is balanced for both positive and negative responses.The following options, for example,would not work:•Extremely satisfied•Very satisfied•Satisfied•Somewhat unsatisfied•UnsatisfiedAs a rule of thumb,if you have“extremely”on the positive end,you should have “extremely”on the negative side as well,and give a(n)____56____option in the middle of the scale.3.Don't'lead the witness'(or participant).Again,if you're seeking____57____(and you should have started with knowing why you're conducting the survey in the first place),you don't want to put statements in front of a question that will lead participants to____58____in a certain way.____59____,my company works a lot with educational technology companies.We would never write a question such as this:“Most of the people who use this educational technology product say that the adaptive and personalized nature of the product is better than others on the market.What do you think?”This is because,now,the participant knows exactly what we want them to think.4.Avoid double-barrel questions.Be mindful about including two questions in one and____60____how a participant can respond.Say you ran an event for customers;you wouldn't want to ask,“What do you think about the location and the quality of the speakers?”and then have multiple choice options where they are really only able to respond to one question.They might have loved the venue but hated your presenters.The____61____of the data you gather is compromised when you put questions together.5.Don't write coercive questions.These questions don't sit well.In my experience,they tend to come up more in customer ____62____surveys and employee surveys when you really want to be able to highlight the positives.Examples of coercive questions include:"You'll leave us a positive Google Review,won't you?""You'll tell your friends to visit our restaurant,right?"Naturally,these are full of bias,so they should be avoided____63____.Know what the goals of your survey are.If you want to get data that____64____biases, yes,leading questions can help you get those data points.But the integrity of the data cannot be trusted when you're not writing questions in a(n)____65____way for your participants to answer.51. A.quantitative B.controversial C.mysterious D.proper52. A.craft B.pave C.tempt D.anchor53. A.delightful B.dominant C.accurate D.independent54. A.repeat B.rephrase C.restore D.refresh55. A.portion B.category C.thread D.scale56. A.random rmative C.sacred D.neutral57. A.instinct B.gratitude C.truth D.harmony58. A.reverse B.respond C.deny pete59. A.In addition B.For instance C.After all D.Above all60. A.limiting B.spilling C.inserting D.distracting61. A.integrity B.endurance C.exploitation D.highlight62. A.discrimination B.satisfaction C.transition D.perseverance63. A.on good terms B.by no means C.at all costs D.to some extent64. A.conserves B.entitles C.seals D.includes65. A.isolated B.objective C.selected D.reflectiveSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In winter,Hammerfest is a thirty-hour ride by bus from Oslo,though why anyone would wantto go there in winter is a question worth considering.It is on the edge of the world,the northernmost town in Europe,a place of dark and fierce winters,where the sun sinks into the Arctic Ocean in November and does not rise again for ten weeks.I wanted to see the Northern Lights...but now as l picked my way through Oslo in late December.I was beginning to have my doubts.Things had not started well.I had overslept at the hotel,missing breakfast,and had to leap into my clothes.I couldn't find a taxi and had to drag my over-weighted bag eight blocks to the central bus station.I had had huge difficulty persuading the staff at the Kreditkassen Bank on Karl Johans Gate to cash sufficient traveller's cheques to pay the1,200-kroner bus fare------they simply could not be made to grasp that the William McGuire Bryson on my passport and the Bill Bryson on my traveller's cheques were both me-and now here l was arriving at the station two minutes before departure...and the girl at the ticket counter was telling me that she had no record of my reservation.'This isn't happening,'I said.'I'm still at home in England enjoying Christmas...'Actually,I said, 'There must be some mistake.Please look again.'The girl studied the passenger list.'No,Mr Bryson,your name is not here.'But I could see it,even upside-down.'There it is,second from the bottom.''No,'the girl decided,'that says Bernt Bjornson.That's a Norwegian name.''It doesn't say Bernt Bjorson.It says Bill Bryson.Look at the y,the two ls.Miss,please,’But she wouldn't have it.'If I miss this bus,when does the next one go?''Next week at the same time.'Oh,splendid.'Miss,believe me,it says Bill Bryson.''No,it doesn't.''Miss,look,I've come from England.I'm carrying some medicine that could save a child's life.' She didn't buy this.'l want to see the manager.''He's in Stavanger.''Listen,I made a reservation by telephone.If I don't get on this bus,I'm going to write a letter to your manager that will cast a shadow over your career prospects for the rest of this century.'This clearly did not alarm her.Then it struck me.'If this Bemt Bjorson doesn't show up,can l have this seat?''Sure.'Why don't I think of these things in the first place...?'Thank you,'I said...66.What can be learned from the passage about Hammerfest?A.It is located in the South of the city of Oslo.B.It is where the Northern Lights can be seen.C.It remains a town without sufficient power supply.D.It remains in the darkness from November till next March.67.The writer got to the station just two minutes before the train's departure because he spent much time_____.A.cashing his traveller's chequesB.finding a place to have breakfastC.waiting for a taxi to send him thereD.choosing suitable clothes to wear68.By“Oh,splendid”,the writer meant that he actually felt_____.A.puzzledB.amazedC.worriedD.relieved69.Why did the writer say he was carrying some medicine and he would write to the manager?A.To tell the girl what he really wanted to do.B.To show the girl how angry he was with her.C.To warn the girl of the potential consequences.D.To persuade the girl to give him a seat on the bus.(B)Care for a zoom-in observation of animals with no bars between you and the observed as opposed to ordinary zoos?Where to have close-up encounters with some of the world’s most rare animals？We are revealing for you：1.Right whales,Bay of Fundy,CanadaNorthern right whales are on the brink of extinction,but survivors arrive in the Bay of Fundy each summer(May through October)to feed east of Grand Manan Island.They are recognized by a broad back and no dorsal fin,which distinguish them from other whales entering the bay.Planning:Whale-watching tours operate out of Digby Neck peninsula on Nova Scotia and nearby islands,such as Brier Island.St.Andrews.Grand Manan Island.and Deer Island.2.Grizzly bears,AlaskaGrizzlies like salmon.In mid-July and again in mid-August,grizzlies make for Alaskan rivers to hook out the fish with their formidable claws.The bears gather in large numbers at rapids and pools,sometimes fighting for the best sites.Brooks Falls in Katmai National Park,and Fish Creek, near Hyder,have viewing platforms.Planning:Most fishing sites are reached by chartered light aircraft and a hike.Hyder is off the Swart-Cassiar Highway.3.Monarch butterflies,Sierra Chincua,MexicoEach fall,millions of North American monarch butterflies migrate thousands of miles to the oyalmel fir forests of the Transvolcanic Mountain Range,in the state of Mchoacdn.They flock intimately(closely)on tree trunks,bushes,and on the ground,fully showing their gregarious natureand occupy Sierra Chincua and four neighbouring hills that make up the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve.Planning:Chineua is one of two hills in the reserve open to the public from November through March.4.Komodo dragons,Komodo Island,IndonesiaLanding on Komodo,you would feel like stepping back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth,as park maps reported,“Here be dragons!”This mountainous volcanic island is home to the world's largest living lizard---the Komodo dragon.Weighing79to91kg.the Komodo dragon has a tail as long as its body.You can hike to a viewpoint at Banugulung and watch as park rangers feed food to the lizards,some of which are more than10ft(3m)long.Planning:Komodo is reached solely by boat from Bima(on eastern Sumbawa)or Labuan Bajo (on western Flores).5.Wildebeest migration,Serengeti,TanzaniaUndoubtedly the world's most spectacular wildlife sight is the annual wildebeest migration, when1.4million wildebeest and200,000zebras and gazelles are on the move across the Serengeti plains.The animals are trekking to chase the clean water and fresh grass.Along the way,lions and hyenas stalk them,and crocodiles lie in wait.Planning:The herds migrate across Tanzania from December through July,and then pass through the Masai Mara in Kenya in August and September.70.The underlined word gregarious is closest in meaning to________________.A.being able to climbB.preferring group livingC.migrating in small numbersD.moderate in temper71.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.Right whales are distinguished from other whales by unique appearance features.B.Viewing spots for grizzly bears are accessible by air and on foot.C.Komodo Island is located east of Flores and West of SumbawaD.Wildebeest herds travel to pursue favourable food conditions.72.Li Hua is an adventurous visitor longing for closer look at animals.He is taking a gap year and doing voluntary work now in Indonesia.He will go back to China and further his study next fall. Which of the following will be the most reasonable wildlife-watching route after he finishes his voluntary work this winter?A.Alaska→Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua→SerengetiB.Serengeti→Alaska→Bay of Fundy→Sierra ChincuaC.Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua→Serengeti→AlaskaD.Sierra Chincua→Serengeti→Alaska→Bay of Fundy(C)Many Americans harbor a false and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale,head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst,points out that if the dangers from bacterially polluted chicken were as great as some people believe,“the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food,there is no such thing.Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California,Berkeley,points out that up to10%of a plant’s weight is made up of natural pesticides.Says he:“Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves,they employ chemical warfare.”And many naturally produced chemicals,though occurring in tiny amounts,prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens-a substance which can cause cancer.Mushrooms might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives.Declares Christina Stark,a nutritionist at Cornell University:“We’ve got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made.”Yet the issues are not that simple.While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table,they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety.They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals.If food already contains natural carcinogens,it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones.Though most people are subject to the small amounts of pollutants generally found in food and water,at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink.To make good food and water supplies even better,the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards,enhance its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies.The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less risky alternatives.Perhaps most important,consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly.The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain,from fields to processing plants to kitchens.73.What does the author think of the Americans’view of their food?A.They overstate the government’s interference with the food industry.B.They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.C.They overestimate the risk of the food they eat.D.They overlook the potential danger caused by the food.74.The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because________.A.no food is free from pollution in the environmentB.pesticides are widely used in agricultureC.many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicalsD.almost all foods have hazardous additives75.By saying“they employ chemical warfare”(Para.2),Bruce Ames means“________”.A.plants produce certain chemicals to resist pests and diseasesB.plants absorb useful chemicals to promote their growthC.farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plantsD.farmers use chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases76.What is the message the author wants to convey in the passage?A.Eating and drinking have become more dangerous than before due to additives.B.Sweeping measures must be taken immediately to ensure safety in food industry.C.Healthy food is a distant dream in the modern society,remaining to be realized.D.There is reason for caution but no cause for alarm with regard to food consumption.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.They differ in how they space the syllables in a sentence.B.Unlike other languages,English is unusually rich in consonant(辅音)clusters.C.French-speakers are familiar with a U.S.city called yoos-TON,not the English HYOO-ston.D.In“civilisation”the primary and secondary stress is on the4th and1st syllable respectively.E.There is much more to learning a foreign accent than the sounds that the letters on the page represent.F.As with chemistry,the important thing is not just how the elements behave in isolation,but how they cometogether.Why you have an accent in a foreign languageOpen a textbook for a foreign language,the first thing you see is an alphabet,listing the lettersand the sounds they represent.This is obviously crucial for unfamiliar systems,say those of Greek or Russian.But even for languages that rely on the Latin alphabet,the guide will explain how accentmarks change a letter’s pronunciation,and strange features such as the-gl-in Italian.And with that,it’s off to master greetings,vocabulary and so on,with little further thought for pronunciation.This is a shame.____87____To begin with,the rough equivalents given in Englishare often quite rough indeed.In French,the p in Paris sounds rather different from the p in English,a contrast often neglected in textbooks:the French version lacks the strong puff of air of the Englishone.Even when textbooks or instructors mention this sort of difference,the next step is often missing.____88____Each language has rules for these combinations,which native speakers generally grasp but don’t or can’t explain.。
2021年高三上学期第十次周练物理试题 含答案
2021年高三上学期第十次周练物理试题含答案一、选择题(本题共12小题，每题6分共72分。
每小题给出的四个选项中，1-9题只有一个选项正确，9-12题有多个选项正确)1.在“探究弹性势能的表达式”的活动中，为计算弹簧弹力所做功，把拉伸弹簧的过程分为很多小段，拉力在每小段可认为是恒力，用各小段做功的代数和代表弹力在整个过程所做的功，物理学中把这种研究方法叫做“微元法”，下面实例中应用该方法的是（）A.根据加速度的定义，当△t非常小，就可以表示物体在某时刻的瞬时加速度B.在推导匀变速运动位移公式时，把整个运动过程划分成很多小段，每一小段近似看作匀速直线运动，然后把各小段的位移相加C．在探究加速度、力和质量三者之间关系时，先保持质量不变研究加速度与力的关系，再保持力不变研究加速度与质量的关系D．在不需要考虑物体本身的大小和形状时，用点来代替物体，即质点2.从手中竖直向上抛出的小球，与水平天花板碰撞后又落回到手中，设竖直向上的方向为正方向，小球与天花板碰撞时间极短．若不计空气阻力和碰撞过程中动能的损失，则下列能（A B C D3.有三辆汽车以相同初速度同时经过某一路标，从此时开始，第一辆车做匀速直线运动，第二辆车先减速后加速，第三辆车先加速后减速，它们经过下一路标末速度相同，则（）A 第一辆车先通过下一路标B 第二辆车先通过下一路标C 第三辆车先通过下一路标D 三辆车同时通过下一路标4.如图所示，水平桌面上平放有一堆卡片，每一张卡片的质量均为m.用一手指以竖直向下的力压第1张卡片，并以一定速度向右移动手指，确保第1张卡片与第2张卡片之间有相对滑动.设最大静摩擦力与滑动摩擦力相同，手指与第1张卡片之间的动摩擦因数为μ1，卡片之间、卡片与桌面之间的动摩擦因数均为μ2，且有μ1＞μ2，则下列说法正确的是() A．任意两张卡片之间均可能发生相对滑动B．上一张卡片受到下一张卡片的摩擦力一定向左C．第1张卡片受到手指的摩擦力向左D．最后一张卡片受到水平桌面的摩擦力向右5．在空中飞行了十多年的“和平号”航天站已失去动力，由于受大气阻力作用其绕地球转动半径将逐渐减小，最后在大气层中坠毁．若“和平号”航天站每一时刻的飞行都可近似看作圆周运动，在此过程中下列说法不正确的是（）A．航天站的速度将加大B．航天站绕地球旋转的周期加大C．航天站的向心加速度加大D．航天站的角速度将增大6．如图3所示，从光滑的1/4圆弧槽的最高点滑下的小滑块滑出槽口时速度方向为水平方向，槽口与一个半球顶点相切半球底面为水平，若要使小物块滑出槽口后不沿半球面下滑，已知圆弧轨道的半径为R1，半球的半径为R2，则R1和R2应满足的关系是（）A．B．C．D．7.质量分别为2m和m的A、B两个物体分别在水平恒力F1和F2的作用下沿水平面运动,撤去F1、F2后受摩擦力的作用减速到停止,其v-t图象如图所示,则下列说法正确的是()A.F1、F2大小相等B.F1、F2对A、B做功之比为2:1C.A、B受到的摩擦力大小相等D.全过程中摩擦力对A、B做功之比为1:2 8．在街头的理发店门口，常可以看到这样一个标志：一个转动的圆筒，外表有彩色螺旋斜条纹，我们感觉条纹在沿竖直方向运动，但条纹实际在竖直方向并没有升降，这是由圆筒的转动而使我们的眼睛产生的错觉。
上海中学高三英语周测试卷
上海中学高三英语周测试卷Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper II, blankfilling (10%) form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Catherine Elizabeth Middleton grew up in Chapel Row, a village near Newbury, Berkshire, England. She studied art history in Scotland at University of St. Andrews, 21. she met with William in 2001. their engagement was announced on 16th, Nov, 2010, and she attended many high profile royal events before they married on 29,Apr. 2011 at Westminster Abbey.Since she 22. (catch) the eye of Britain’s Prince William, Kate Middleton has been on the entire world’s fashion radar. The “Kate Middleton Effect” is a term that 23. (coin) lately because when the Duchess of Cambridge wears 24. , it’s pretty much guaranteed it will fly off the shelves. Every designer she supports has seen a sharp increase in sales, and many women believe that 25. Kate wears it, it is the item to own. For example, when Middleton, stepped out 26. a＄340 camel-colored dress from Resis to greet President Obama and the first lady in May, traffic on the Reiss website rose by 200% and the dress quickly was sold out.Well, the Duchess’ influence is striking again: and this time it is reducing the size of handbags. Kate rarely carries a bag that she wouldn’t be able to hold with one hand, and is clearly a supporter of a gorgeous clutch. As a result, Lulu Guinness is seriously considering 27. (reduce) the size of handbags in the next collections. “personally, I’m making my clutch bags smaller next season 28. they can look more delicate and ladylike, and that is to do with her, I think ” Guinness told the Telegraph. She joked that 29. this makes bags less practical, design doesn’t always have to succumb to practically. It is true, the Duchess 30. not need to carry around as many things as the rest of us, but she surely will have women across the world trying to cram everything into their new bags.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The fortunate people in the world—the only really fortunate people in the world, in my mind, — are those whose work is also their pleasure. The class is not a large one, not nearly so large as it is often presented to be; and authors are perhaps one of the most important elements in its 31 . They enjoy in this respect at least a real harmony of life. To my mind, to be able to make your work your pleasure is the one class distinction in the world 32 striving for; and I do not 33 that others are tend to envy those happy human beings who find their livelihood in the gay effusions(流露) of their fancy, to whom every hour of labor is an hour of enjoyment, and even a holiday is almost 34 of that enjoyment. Whether a man writes well or ill, has much to say or little, if he cares about writing at all, he will 35 the pleasures of composition.To sit at one’s table on a sunny morning, with four clear hours of 36 security, plenty of nice white paper, and a Squeezer pen—that is true happiness. With the complete absorption of the mind upon a/an 37 occupation—what more is there than that to desire? What does it matter what happens outside? The House of Commons（下议院）may do what it likes, and so may the House of Lords. The bottom may be knocked clean out of the American market. The heathen（异教徒）may show violent anger in every part of the globe. Never mind, for four hours, at any rate, we will 38 ourselves from a common, ill-governed, and 39 world, and with the key of fancy 40 that cupboard where all the good things of the infinite are put away.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15 %）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A worldwide poll of more than 100 million people has selected what it calls the new SevenWonders of the World．The online poll picked:- the Roman Coliseum- the Taj MahalA. uninterruptibleB. worthC. appreciateD. compositionE. supposedly AB. disorderly AC. wonder AD. withdraw AE. agreeable BC. unlock BD. deprivation- the Great Wall of China- Machu Picchu in Peru- the Petra archaeological site in Jordan- the massive Christ the Redeemer sculpture in Brazil- the Great Pyramid of GizaThe new wonders are expected to boost tourism to some popular destinations, but it is also prompting some serious rethinking on the __56__ of tourists．VOA’s Mil Arcega reports.Of the __57__ seven wonders of the world, only the Pyramids of Giza are still standing. But the organizers of the New Seven Wonders say there is __58__ shortage of wonders in the world．Tia Viering is communications chief for the Zurich-based committee. “A wonder, we have been known to say in the past, is what makes you __59__,” says Viering. “It makes you __60__ and it takes your breath away for a second and you think 'Oh wow! Why? How? Who? When?' And it's not just a building that you think, 'Oh, that's sort of a nice building' -- it takes your breath away and it __61__ touches you.”Viering says the __62__was choosing only seven from a list of 21 of the world's most awe inspiring sites．Among them are the ancient temples of Angkor Wat (吴哥窟)．Some fear rampant (无节制的) tourism is __63__ one of Cambodia's most popular destinations．Historical preservationist John Stubbs is with the World Monument Fund. "There's not a minute to __64__ in looking after this precious place because, without a doubt, it could be ruined by some wrong __65__," says Stubbs．__66__ for many years, these monuments built for a 12th century king attract more than two million visitors every year．From just two hotels 10 years ago, today there are more than 100. In what was once jungle, new shopping malls, pizza restaurants and massage parlors __67__ the landscape．Even tourists have __68__ feelings about the commerce surrounding what were __69__ placesof worship．People had various reactions．"I think it takes away from it, I do," says one．"I don't,” says another．“ I feel that the importance of this place deserves people to watch it, see it, __70__ it．" 56．A．demand B．obligation C．reaction D．worship 57．A．imaginary B．newly-elected C．honorable D．original 58．A．a B．such C．no D．another 59．A．wonder B．sigh C．laugh D．agree 60．A．escape B．wander C．stop D．hurry 61．A. emotionally B．physically C．critically D．artificially 62．A．conflict B．agreement C．surprise D．difficulty 63．A．destroying B．changing C．overdeveloping D．discovering 64．A．spend B．find C．waste D．spare 65．A．concepts B．decisions C．designs D．findings 66．A．Independent B．Unexpected C．Undeniable D．Inaccessible 67．A．use B．equip C．dot D．symbolize 68．A．similar B．mixed C．strong D．changeable 69．A．once B．promisingly C．ever D．eventually 70．A．witness B．love C．improve D．protectSection B （40 %）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A）They looked shocked and insulted and somehow ashamed. Above all, they looked old. Wexford thought that in the nature of things a woman of seventy ought to be an orphan, ought to have been an orphan for twenty years. This one had been an orphan for scarcely twenty days. Her husband sitting opposite her, pulling his thin moustache, slowly and mechanically shaking his head, seemed older than she, perhaps not so many years the junior of his late mother-in-law. He wore a brown knitted jacket and sheepskin slippers. His wife kept saying she couldn’t believe her ears, she couldn’tbelieve it, why were people so evil? Wexford didn’t answer that. He couldn’t, though he had often wondered himself.“My mother died of a stroke,” Mrs. Betts said nervously. “It was the death certificate. Dr. Moss put it on the death certificate.”“She was ninety-two,” Mr. Betts said in his thick throaty voice. “Ninety-two.”“I mean,” said Mrs. Betts, “Are you saying that Dr. Moss was telling untruth? A doctor?”“Why don’t you ask him? We’re only ordinary people, the wife and me, we’re not educated. Doctor said a cerebral hemorrhage (脑溢血),” Betts trembled a little over the words, “and in plain language that’s a stroke. That’s what he said. Are you saying the wife or me gave mother a stroke? Are you saying that?”“I’m making no claims, Mr. Betts.” Wexford felt uncomfortable, wished himself anywhere butin this newly decorated, paint-smartened house. “I’m merely making enquiries which information received obliges me to do.”“Gossip,” said Mr. Betts bitterly. “This street’s a hotbed of gossip. Pity they’re nothing betterto do. Oh, I know what they’re saying. Half of them turn up their noses and looked the other way when I pass them.”Mr. Betts stared at Wexford with a kind of timid outrage. “Haven’t you folk got nothing betterto do? What about the real crime? What about the street attacks and the break-ins?”Wexford sighed. But he went on persistently questioning, remembering what the nurse had said, what Dr. Moss had said, keeping in the forefront of his mind that motive, which was so much more than merely wanting an aged parent out of the way. If he hadn’t been a policeman, with a great respect for the law and for human life, he might have felt that these two, or one of them, had been angered beyond bearing to do murder.One of them? Or both? Or neither? Ivy Wrangton had either died an unnatural death or elsethere had been a series of coincidences and unexplained events which were nothing short of unbelievable.71. Wexford was slightly confused by the fact that .(A) Mrs. Betts had been so old when her mother died(B) Mr. Betts was as old as his wife’s mother(C) Mrs. Betts had lost both of her parents(D) Mr. and Mrs. Betts both denied his accusation72. Mr. Betts implied that that .(A) his mother-in-law died of old age(B) the doctor Moss had insulted them(C) the doctor who signed the death certificate made a mistake(D) he cannot fully understand the cause of the death of his mother-in-law73. Mr. Betts appears to believe that that .(A) the neighbors have been chatting about their ill-treatment of the mother-in-law(B) the police should be concentrating on other offences(C) he was not so well-educated as the doctor(D) their neighbors are too proud of themselves74. Wexford feels it is worth questioning the couple about Ivy Wrangton because that .(A) he is certain they both murdered her(B) he knew they were tired of looking after her(C) the circumstances surrounding her death were quite unusual(D) he was unsure of what their motive may have been(B)The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning.Before it ends, it will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it is likely to reshape our politics, our culture, and the character of our society for years.No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S., lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them—especially for young people. The research of Till V on Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden within American society. More difficult, in the moment, is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the U.S. was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend.75. By saying "to find silver linings" (Line 1, Para. 2) the author suggest that the jobless tryto________.A. seek subsidies from the government.B. explore reasons for the unemployment.C. make profits from the troubled economy.D. look on the bright side of the recession.76. According to Paragraph2, the recession has made people_______.A. realize the national dreamB. struggle against each otherC. challenge their prudenceD. reconsider their lifestyles77. Benjamin Friedman believes that economic recessions may__________.A. impose a heavier burden on immigrantsB. bring out more evils of human natureC. promote the advance of rights and freedomD. ease conflicts between races and classes78. The research of Till V on Watcher suggests that in the research graduates from elite universities tend to____________.A. Lag behind the others due to decreased opportunitiesB. Catch up quickly with experienced employeesC. See their life chances as dimmed as the othersD. Recover more quickly than the others(C)Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. "Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!" pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social andbiological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones—spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.79. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as_______.A. a supplement to the social cureB. a stimulus to group dynamicsC.an obstacle to school progressD. a cause of undesirable behavior80. Rosenberg holds that public advocates should_______.A. recruit professional advertisersB. learn from advertisers’ experienceC. stay away from commercial advertisesD. recognize the limitations of advertisements81. In the author’s view, Rosenberg’s book fails to________.A. adequately probe social and biological factorsB. effectively evade the flaws of the social cureC. illustrate the functions of state fundingD. produce a long-lasting social effect82. The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is______.A. harmfulB. desirableC. profoundD. questionable（D）Depending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says national public radio) or five years (according to some customer-loyalty experts). The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers (people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly. Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "elite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jet-way. At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats. Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics; that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada—get this—"We have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else. " Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U. S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores. Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. Billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter. Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U. S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents. But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood. Howcivil was your last flight？Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $ 5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called Board First. com will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online. Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for. And then there is the US, where society seems to be cleaving into two groups; Very Important Persons, who don’t wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do-unhappy.83. What does the following sentence mean? ”Once the most democratic of institution, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers… Poor suckers, mostly. ”(2 paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracyB. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.84. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line? A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport. B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks. C. First-class passenger status at airports. D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.85. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen) _______.A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.86. What is the tone of the passage?A. InstructiveB. HumorousC. SeriousD. Indifferent（E）A. In large settings, people reported feeling more powerful and were likelier to steal money, cheat on a test, and commit traffic violations.B. How honest a person is depends mainly on his or her personality.C. This held true even when people were role-playing----that is, they weren’t rich real life.D. When Dutch psychologist Gerben van Kleef asked study participants that question, most chose the second accountant.E. Researchers find it very common among “successful” people but can’t explain why.F. The more wins, the higher the hormones, the greater the confidence boost, thebigger the risks, and so on.Picture two accountants alerted to suspicious entries in the books. The first takes the violation seriously. The second thinks it’s not a big deal. Who has more power? ____67______ Powerful people break the rules-----therefore, breaking rules makes one seem more powerful. “In its modest form, rule breaking is actually healthy,” says Zhen Zhang of Arizona State University. He found that relatively minor violations during adolescence----damaging property, playing hooky----predicated an admired occupation entrepreneur. When young men, in particular, take risks that succeed, testosterone levels surge. The hormone may underline the “winner effect,” say researchers John Coates and Joe Herbert of University of Cambridge, who tracked the hormonal activity of stock option traders (again, all male) over their good and bad days in the market _____68______. But at a certain point, risk taking can become illogical. This can cause “ethical numbing(道德麻木).” Consider Steve Jobs: As Apple grew, so did lawsuits against it, like those over patents. Being wealthy has a moral effect on both genders. Studies have found that the $150,000-plus per-year set was four times as likely to cheat as those making less than $15,000 a year when playing a game to win $50. The rich didn’t stop for pedestrians at a crosswalk nearly as often as less-wealthy drivers. ______69_____ That’s because environment—not personality—encourage rule breaking, argues Andy Yap, a behavioral scientist. Yap and his colleagues asked volunteers to sit in an SUVsize driver’s seat versus a crowded one or an executive-size office space versus a cubicle(小隔间) and then tested their responses to various moral evens. _____70______.Section C （10%）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病）of sleepiness in the nation．”I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr.David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.The beginning of our sleep-deficit（睡眠不足）crisis can be traced back to the invention ofthe light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19thcenturies, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. ”The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr.David, ”They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally vigorous. ”Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programme.” In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition. “To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier.” We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr. David, ”Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 在旅游旺季，机票订的越早越便宜。
2023-2024学年上海交大附中高三上英语10月周练卷及答案
2023-2024学年上海交大附中高三上英语10月周练卷II.Grammar and VocabularySection AMichelle Yeoh,an iconic name in Chinese cinema,made history on Sunday night by becoming the first Asian woman(21)_________(win)the Academy Award for best actress.It was the first time in its95-year history that the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Science(22) _________(award)the Oscar for the best actress in a leading role to a self-identified Asian actress.The film,Everything Everywhere All at Once,(23)_________Yeoh plays a struggling laundromat（自助洗衣店）owner unexpectedly(24)_________(task)with saving the multiverse from destruction,swept the Oscars with a total of seven awards,including for best picture and best director,(25)_________(make)it the biggest winner of the night."For all the little boys and girls who look like me watching tonight,this is a beacon of hope and possibility,"the actress said in her acceptance speech in Los Angeles to emphasize that one must dream big(26)_________dreams do come true."And ladies,don't let anyone ever tell you (that)you're(27)_________your prime,"the60-year-old added.The actress also used her speech to honor her84-year-old mother,Janet Yeoh."I have to dedicate this to my mom and all the moms in the world because they are really the superheroes, and without them(28)_________of us would be here tonight,"she said.Yeoh has been heavily in demand since her role as a controlling mother in the film Crazy Rich Asians(2018).She has become one of(29)_________(influential)stars of Chinese descent globally,said Sha Dan,a veteran critic and curator of the Beijing International Film Festival.Yeoh's historic win has caused a stir among her Chinese fans,who are inspired by the hardworking actress'battle to rise to the top in the global film industry.Many call her a role model for demonstrating(30)_________a woman's ambitions is not limited by age.Section B(A)A.rebellingB.bondageC.officeD.painfulE.securingF.denyG.creditH.serve I.extend J.agenda K.consequentialAbraham Lincoln did not free the enslaved.The enslaved freed themselves.For decades, historians have argued for the agency of Black Americans in__31__their own libertaion during the Civil War.But Lincoln's entire presidential legacy is often summarized in an easy one-liner: "Lincoln freed the slaves."Lincoln is perhaps one of the few presidents who require constant revisiting.This Juneteenth, I'm honored to revisit Lincoln's personal and political legacy,particularly focusing on how he faced the deadliest and most__32__war in U.S.history.Equally important,it emphasizes the role of Black leaders,abolitionists（废奴主义者）,and political activists who convinced Lincoln to transform the nation.In America,slavery died a(n)__33__death on the ground.During the Civil War,enslaved people did not wait for White liberators.They saw many of their slaveholders leave to fight,and so they left for freedom.Enslaved people by the hundreds of thousands ran away to Union lines and Northern cities to escape their__34__.Their massive migration forced the nation to place the end of slavery on the national political__35__.We have looked for abolition in all the wrong places.Freedom did not come from the White House or Congress.Black people were not given freedom;they forced freedom to become a national mandate（授权）.The Emancipation Proclamation freed the enslaved in__36__states,but we should remember that Louisiana,Maryland,Missouri,Tennessee,and West Virginia also officially ordered abolition on their own.Because the enslaved were escaping,the nation had no choice.While we can__37__Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation formally,it was abolitionist and national leader Frederick Douglass who convinced Lincoln to use freedom as a weapon.Douglass pushed Lincoln to make abolition the heart and cause of the war.He persuaded Lincoln to allow Black men to fight and__38__in the military,and to compensate them equally.Unknown to many, Douglass is the real hero behind much of Lincoln's success.In the end,Lincoln's real issue was not reuniting the Confederacy（南部邦联）with America, nor was it even freeing enslaved people.It was getting White Americans,himself included,to give up their obsession with White supremacy.This question remains for every president elected to__39__:What to do with White people?Lincoln is flawed,but he was also willing to reflect and listen.I appreciate Lincoln the most for his willingness to understand and eventually act upon the encouragement of Black leaders and their White allies to__40__freedom,citizenship,and voting rights to African Americans.(B)A.reportedlyB.abandonedC.interveneD.prioritizedE.typicallyF.accountableG.unavoidableH.plungedI.honorJ.stemsK.liquidSilicon Valley Bank collapsed Friday morning after a stunning48hours in which a bank run and a capital crisis led to the second-largest failure of a financial institution in Us history.A bank run happens when too many account holders withdraw their money at the same time and the bank cannot__41__their requests.California regulators closed down the tech lender and put it under the control of the US Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.The FDIC is acting as a receiver（官方接管人）,which __42__means it will liquidate the bank's assets（资产）to pay back its customers,including depositors and creditors.The wheels started to come off on Wednesday,when SVB announced it had sold a bunch of securities at a loss and that it would sell$2.25billion in new shares to support its balance sheet（资产负债表）.That triggered a panic among key venture capital firms,who__43__advised companies to withdraw their money from the bank.The company's stock price__44__on Thursday,dragging other banks down with it.By Friday morning,SVB's shares were halted and it had__45__efforts to quickly raise captial or find a buyer.Several other bank stocks were temporarily halted Friday,including First Republic, PacWest Bancorp,and Signature Bank.The mid-morning timing of the FDIC's takeover was noteworthy,as the agency typically waits until the market has closed to__46__."SVB's condition deteriorated so quickly that it couldn't last just five more hours,"wrote Better Markets CEO Dennis M.Kelleher."That's because its depositors were withdrawing their money so fast that the bank was insolvent（破产的）,and an intraday closure was__47__due to a classic bank run."Silicon Valley Bank's decline__48__partly from the Federal Reserve's aggressive interest rate hikes over the past year.Despite initial panic on Wall Street over the run on SVB,which caused its shares to crater, analysts said the bank's collapse is unlikely to set off the kind of domino effect that gripped the banking industry during the financial crisis."The system is as well-0capitalized and__49__as it has even been,"Moody's chief economist Mark Zandi said."The banks that are now in trouble are much too small to be a meaningful threat to the broader system."President Joe Biden told Americans that he would seek to hold those responsible__50__.He also called for better oversight and regulation of large banks.He promised no losses would he paid for by taxpayers.III.Reading ComprehensionsSection AJudicial（司法的）processes involve slow,deliberative thinking.Artificial intelligence(AI) involves mind-blowing computational speed.On March2nd,in a hearing at the Supreme Court in London,these two__51__came together to raise big questions for intellectual property in the age of machines.In2019Britain's Intellectual Property Office denied Stephen Thaler,an American computer scientist,patents for two inventions--a beverage container and a search-and-rescue device.The applications were not denied because the inventions lacked__52__,but because the named inventor was not a human being.AI is often used as a tool to help researchers find new inventions.Applicants normally put the name of the person(or person)who worked most closely with the__53__as the inventor.Until now this has not been a problem because AI has always required human__54__.But Dr Thaler asserts that his"creativity machine",DABUS(short for"Device for the Autonomous Bootstrapping of Unified Sentience"),had come up with the two inventions without any intervention and that it would be__55__to claim that he was the inventor.He is making the same argument in other jurisdictions（司法审判）.But this is the first time it has reached a country's highest court.The immediate stakes may not seem that high.The British government conducted aconsultation in2021on patents and AI;__56__Dr Thaler's claims,most respondents said AI is not sufficiently advanced to invent without human involvement.And a ruling in his favor in Britain alone would have limited commercial consequences."There is very little point in only the UK__57__AI inventions,"says Matt Hervey of Gowling WLG,a law firm."If a company has a feasible choice to keep its__58__a secret and exploit it,it won't disclose the secret in a patent application to get a monopoly in only one country."__59__,the technology is moving fast and the questions raised by the case are profound. There is ambiguity（模棱两可）in British law over who,or what,can claim__60__for an invention.The Patents Act of1977was written long before its drafters could imagine robots creating anything and refers to the inventor as the"deviser".If the Supreme Court does interpret the law to include machines,that could weaken the social__61__on which patents are based. Inventors are encouraged to innovate on the understanding that if they disclose their inventions in a patent,they will be granted monopoly（垄断）rights to__62__their investment.An AI is different:robots do not require any incentive（激励）to innovate.If the court decides that only a human inventor can hold a patent,its view on how rights can be legitimately transferred from an AI to humans(particularly if it is not clear how the AI works) will be closely watched.__63__a machine has not yet created a medical product on its own,Avi Goldfarb,an economist researching AI and health care at the University of Toronto,worries that if such inventions are not__64__there will be little incentive for firms to create machines that do drug research.The court is expected to deliver its ruling in a few months.It will not be__65__.51.A.worlds B.cultures C.industries D.departments52.A.capital mitment C.novelty D.initiative53.A.machine B.innovation anization D.scheme54.A.subscription B.variation C.recognition D.assistance55.A.contradictory B.dishonest C.reassuring D.justifiable56.A.on account of B.in line with C.in spite of D.by virtue of57.A.denying B.protecting C.pursuing D.suspending58.A.revenue B.strategy C.perception D.invention59.A.Therefore B.However C.Additionally D.Actually60.A.credit B.charge C.monopoly pensation61.A.phenomenon B.routine C.bargain D.conventions62.A.recover B.stimulate C.withdraw D.transfer63.A.As B.Unless C.Once D.Although64.A.applicable B.original C.substantial D.patentable65.A.the last word B.a flash in the pan C.once in a blue moon D.the silver liningSection BAI confess I hesitated when the editor in chief of The New York Times Magazine told me in late2014that I would be editing a new front-of-book column called Letter of Recommendation, about stuff people really like.The column was the brainchild of our staff writer,Sam Anderson,he explained.Sam figured that there was no shortage of places to find out what writers hate but few spaces for writers to talk about what they love.We would push against this trend,900words a week,40-seomthing times per year.The reason for my hesitation was a simple,unfortunate fact about writing.Writing about thing you hate is easy:not just fun,but generative.The criticism tends to entertain,even if you disagree,but the ode doesn't.The writerly tone is well-suited to our age,but it's hard not to see it as a collective defense mechanism--as if revealing your true feelings exposes your unmentionable secrets to the public.Obsessions,meanwhile,are inseparable from our peculiarities as people--we come to love things for often weird reasons.When the column really works,it's as revealing about the author as it is its subject.One writer,a man in his late30s,for example, recommended Pedialyte,which he drinks to balance the effects of both drinking and exercise,and to cheat his way back to youth.I probably see somewhere between three and five Letter of Recommendation pitches a day. It's a great spot for trying out new writers in the magazine,so I try my best to keep up with all the email,but I often fail.(I feel genuinely terrible about this every day of my life.)Determining which to assign involves seeing how it meets the various criteria we've settled on over the years. We don't like the column to be timely--everything else in the world is timely.But on the other hand,we need to put a headline on the thing that people might reasonably recognize,stop and read about.There should be a personal angle to the recommendation,but also some universallyrecommendable aspect.But then again,it shouldn't be too recommendable:this isn't a column for life-hacks（生活小技巧）.The recommendation itself should be attractively unexpected--"sideways,"as editors are perhaps too fond of saying--but really,it's just excuse to cut brilliant writers loose to amuse or inspire us.66.Sam Anderson proposed a column called Letter of Recommendation because he found_________.A.the fashion trend was not easy to push againstB.there was a shortage of good quality columnsC.writers could hardly find a place to share their likesD.his brainchild could sometimes increase readership67.The word"ode"(in paragraph2)is closest in meaning to_________.A.praiseB.blameC.hesitationD.determination68.Why is the writer in his late30s mentioned in paragraph2?A.To give an example of the writerly tone.B.To highlight the way that the column selects writers.C.To show how a collective defense mechanism works.D.To illustrate how writers reveal themselves in the column.69.The writer hopes that in the column,_________.A.the recommended items are quite familiar to readersB.the recommended items should follow the latest trendC.readers can learn about life skills from the recommendationsD.readers will find the recommendations beyond their expectation(B)Decoding Our Comedy Shows:What's the Difference?What's the difference between our shows?It's a question we hear a lot from our audiences. We understand it can be confusing to know what to expect.That's why we're here to break it down for you!Each show has its unique flavor and is designed to cater to different audiences.First up,we have our Showcase Selected.Showcase Selected features a carefully handpicked lineup of5to6talented comedians.Our comedians with years of experience will have you roaring with laughter from start to finish.If you are looking for a night of professional comedy and guaranteed laughs, we've got you covered with this90-minute show that is sure to make your night one of remember.Next,we have Open Mic.Open Mic isn't our typical,polished comedy show.If you're in the mood for something a little more unpredictable,our Open Mic is the perfect choice.It offers a chance for comedians of all levels to test their material and see what works.You'll witness seasoned pros trying out new jokes,or rising stars putting their own twist on comedy.With6-10 comedians performing for5-8minutes each during a60-minute show,you never know whatyou're going to get-but that's part of the fun!For those who want a little extra,we offer Showcase Plus.Showcase Plus features the hilarious comedian/influencer Norah(Norah's time exceeds30minutes),along with3to5 talented comedians who have years of experience in the industry.With Showcase Plus,you can expect nothing but90minutes of non-stop laughter.Tickets for Showcase Plus this March are already sold out.However,tickets for our upcoming April Showcase Plus are now available on our mini program.Click the poster below to grab your tickets early for the April show before they sell out too!Spicy Comedy SCHEDULEShowcase Selected--150RMB3/edyMart①Jorge/Ian/Han/Li Ying...20:003/25SAT.UCCA Edge②Kent/Jorge/Li Ying/Simon/Eric19:303/26SUN.UCCA EdgeFrankie/Jorge/Ian/Han/Andrew/Winne19:30Open Mic---49RMB3/edyMartOpen Mic Night19:303/edyMartOpen Mic Night19:30Showcase Plus---380RMB3/26SUN.UCCA EdgeNorah/Jorge/Ian/Simon14:00Norah/Jorge/Ian/Han/Simon16:30ComedyMart:2F,No.138Middle Huaihai LU,Shanghai Plaza,Huangpu District,Shanghai UCCA Edge:2F,No.88Xizang Bei Lu,Jang'an District,ShanghaiFollow our WeChat official account for more showcases information!70.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Each kind of show lasts about the same length of time.B.Shows featuring Norah are the most sought-after.edyMart and UCCA Edge are the two sponsors of SpicyComedy.D.All kinds of shows are available on weekdays as well as at weekends.71.If you want to experience something different or unconventional,you'd better to choose__________.A.Showcase SelectedB.Open Mic.C.Showcase Plus.D.Any of the above.72.Where can people get the tickets for SpicyComedy?A.On its official website.B.From its booking office.C.From its Microblog official account.D.On its official mini program.(C)what is the single most effective way to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions?Go vegetarian? Replant the Amazon?Cycle to work?None of the above.The answer is:make air-conditioners radically better.On one calculation,replacing refrigerants（制冷剂）that damage the atomosphere would reduce total greenhouse gases by the equivalent of90bn tonnes of CO2by2050.Making the units more energy-efficient could double that.Air-conditioning is one of the world's great overlooked industries.Automobiles andair-conditioners were invented at roughly the same time,and both have had a huge impact on where people live and work.Unlike cars,though,air-conditioners have drawn little criticism for their social impact,emissions or energy efficiency.Most hot countries do not have rules to govern their energy use.Yet air-conditioning has done quite a lot of things to benefit humankind.It has transformed productivity in the tropics and helped turn southern China into the workshop of the world.In Europe,its spread has pushed down heat-related deaths ten times less than what it was in2003, when70,000people,most of them elderly,died in a heatwave.For children,air-conditioned classrooms and dormitories are associated with better grades at school.Environmentalists who call air-conditioning"a luxury we cannot afford"have half a point, however.In the next ten years,as many air-conditioners will be installed around the world as were put in between1902(when air-conditioning was invented)and2005.Until energy can be produced without carbon emissions,these extra machines will warm the world.At the moment, therefore,air-conditioners create a vicious cycle.The more the Earth warms,the more people need them.But the more there are,the warmer the world will be.Cutting the impact of cooling requires three things(beyond turning up the thermostat（温度调节器）to make rooms less Artic).First,air-conditioners must become much more efficient.The most energy-efficient models on the market today consume only about one-third as much electricity as average ones.Minimum energy-performance standards need to be raised,or introduced in countries that lack them altogether,to push the average unit's performance closer to the standard of the best.Next,manufacturers should stop using damaging refrigerants.One category of these, hydrofluorocarbons,is over1,000times worse than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat in the atmosphere.An international deal to phase out these pollutants,called the Kigali amendment,will come into force in2019.Foot-draggers should approve and implement it; America is one country that has not done so.Last,more could be done to design offices,malls and even cities so they do not need as many air-conditioners in the first place.More buildings should be built with overhanging roofs or balconies for shade,or with natural air-circulation.Simply painting roofs white can help keep temperatures down.Better machines are necessary.But cooling as an overall system needs to be improved ifair-conditioning is to fulfill its promise to make people healthier,wealthier and wiser,without too high an environmental cost.Providing indoor sanctuaries of air-conditioned comfort need not come at the expense of an overheating world.73.Why does the author think air-conditioning is an overlooked industry?A.Because many hot countries haven't put the energy-controlling rules into force.B.Because it has caused the same impact on people's life and work as automobiles have.C.Because it has brought great economic,physical,and educational benefits to humans.D.Because it doesn't get the due criticism for its environmental impact as automobiles do.74.What can we learn from Paragraph4?A.The price of air-conditioning will go u due to the large demand for it.B.A high environmental cost will come along with the air-conditional service.C.Environmentalists are expecting extra machines which can warm the world.ernments partially agree that air-conditioning is a luxury we cannot afford.75.With regard to the measures to cut the impact of cooling,which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Manufacturers should only stop using hydrofluorocarbons.B.People should avoid turning up the air-conditioners to have cool rooms on hot days.C.People should adopt more environmentally-friendly materials when designing buildings.ernments should give a green light to the agreement on eliminating the pollutants.76.The author writes this passage to_________.A.arouse peoples'attention to the global warming.B.appeal for the global joint efforts to combat global warming.C.give credit to air-conditioning for its great contributions to humansD.offer a new perspective on how to reduce greenhouse gasses emissionsSection CA.Despite the inclusion of comedians,this film is a super suspense（悬疑）drama inspired by historical events,mixing various elements from different genres.B.The movie,by one of China's most famous directors,Zhang Yimou,has aroused a strong response from the public.C.Qin underestimates the power of the people,and the will and courage of Yue's followers,whose bigger plan is for Qin to say the last words Yue wrote in prison before he died--that is,the poem"Full River Red".D.He leads the Han soldiers in a recitation of Yue's poem and expression of their fervent desire to recover lost land.E.It is also the title of China's top-selling film over the recent Lunar New Year holiday.F.There are twists and turns as characters reveal their hidden loyalties,whether to foreigners or to the Song dynasty.Seeing red on the silver screen"My hair bristles with anger,"young men cry as they leave their red-cushioned cinema seats. "We will feast on the barbarians'flesh...we will drink their blood."They are reciting lines from "Full River Red",a poem,believed to be written by Yue Fei,a12th-century general of the Song dynasty._________77_________The movie has grossed more than4bn yuan($590m)since,its release on January22nd.The film is set your years after the death of Yue,who famously led the Song kingdom's battles against invading Jurchens,whose descendants became known as Manchus.Legend says he was killed in1142by Qiu Hui,a corrupt Song chancellor who pushed the emperor to negotiate and stop fighting the Jurchens.In Chinese culture Qin is recalled as a hanjian,or traitor to one's Han ethnicity,and Yue as the opposite._________78_________Not only have cinema-goers delivered spontaneous recitations of the chilling poem at film screenings,the movie has also prompted an increase in attacks on statues of Qin at tourist sites--a practice that has a long tradition.The film is about the mysterious murder of Jurchen envoy（使节）in Qin's court._________79_________Qin and his lackeys（听差）are portrayed as officials who lie,cheat,and kill for power--and betray the ethnic-Han people.The film's heroes are undercover grassroots patriots who resent(or feel angry about)Qin's behaviour and infiltrate（渗透）his court to avenge Yue.They try to recruit a young commander in Qin's army,Sun Jun,who is torn between obedience to his traitorous superiors and loyalty to his people.In one scene,Sun cuts a tattoo that says"Serve the nation with utmost loyalty"off his uncle's back as his uncle shouts that Sun is a "running dog"of foreigners(an off-used insult among Chinese nationalists today).By the end, Sun turns against Qin._________80_________That scene made some viewers cry,according toreviews on Douban,a film website."Full River Red"draws on ancient history,but its modern meaning is clear.The poem is a lament that national shame has not been avenged:it talks of retaking lost"mountains and rivers".II.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.82.在这部影片中，最能打动观众的不是某一特定的角色或场景，而是一个文明面对灾难时的选择。
2021年高三第10周综合练习卷数学文试题 含答案
2021年高三第10周综合练习卷数学文试题含答案一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题5分，满分50分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．）1、若复数满足，其中为虚数单位，则（）A． B． C． D．2、已知集合，，则集合的子集个数是（）A．B．C．D．3、命题“对任意，都有”的否定是（）A．存在，使得B．不存在，使得C．存在，使得D．对任意，都有4、下列函数中，既是偶函数又在上单调递增的是（）A．B．C．D．5、有两张卡片，一张的正反面分别写着数字与，另一张的正反面分别写着数字与，将两张卡片排在一起组成两位数，则所组成的两位数为奇数的概率是（）A．B．C．D．6、一个几何体的三视图如图，则该几何体的体积是（）A．B．C．D．7、设是等差数列的前项和，公差，若，，则正整数的值是（）A．B．C．D．8、在中，，，，则的值是（）A．B．C．D．9、设，分别是椭圆（）的左、右焦点，点在椭圆上，线段的中点在轴上，若，则椭圆的离心率是（）A．B．C．D．第1列第2列第3列第4列第5列10、将正偶数，，，，按表的方式进行排列，记表示第行第列的数，若，则的值是（）A．B．C．D．二、填空题（本大题共5小题，考生作答4小题，每小题5分，满分20分．）（一）必做题（11～13题）11、不等式的解集是．12、已知四边形是边长为的正方形，若，，则的值是．13、设，满足约束条件220840x yx yxy-+≥⎧⎪--≤⎪⎨≥⎪⎪≥⎩，若目标函数（，）的最大值为，则的最大值是．（二）选做题（14、15题，考生只能从中选做一题）14、（坐标系与参数方程选做题）在平面直角坐标系中，直线（为参数）与圆（为参数）相切，切点在第一象限，则实数的值是．15、（几何证明选讲选做题）在平行四边形中，点在线段上，且，连接，，与相交于点，若的面积为，则的面积是．三、解答题（本大题共2小题，共26分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．）16、（本小题满分12分）已知函数．求函数的最小正周期；若，求的值．17、（本小题满分14分）如图，已知三棱锥的侧面是等边三角形，是的中点，，．求证：平面；求点到平面的距离．高三文科数学综合练习卷（10）参考答案一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题5分，满分50分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案ABCDCBADAC二、填空题（本大题共5小题，考生作答4小题，每小题5分，满分20分．） （一）必做题（11～13题）11、 12、 13、（二）选做题（14、15题，考生只能从中选做一题） 14、 15、三、解答题（本大题共2小题，共26分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．）16、解：()sin 2cos 22222f x x x x x ⎫=+=+⎪⎪⎭…………………2分 …………………3分…………………………4分函数的最小正周期为…………………………5分 由已知得：…………………6分…………………7分即…………………………8分2237cos 22cos 121525αα⎛⎫=-=⨯-=- ⎪⎝⎭…………………………12分17、证明：∵,是等边三角形 ∴,故是直角三角形，∴…………………………2分同理可证…………………………3分∵平面，∴平面…………………………4分 又∵平面，∴…………………………5分又∵是的中点，∴…………………………6分 ∵, ∴平面…………………………7分 解：∵,∴,故是直角三角形，………………………8分 ∴…………………………9分 由可知，是三棱锥的高∴…………………………11分 又∵是边长为等边三角形，∴011sin 6022ABP S PA PB ∆=⋅=⨯=12分 设点到平面的距离为，则…………………13分∵,即，解得∴点到平面的距离为…………………………14分39599 9AAF 骯34326 8616 蘖1cr 23694 5C8E 岎C22801 5911 夑30754 7822 砢b29330 7292 犒35303 89E7 觧c。
2018-2019学年上海市格致中学高三上学期十月周末练习数学试卷
2018-2019学年上海市格致中学高三上学期十月周末练习数学试卷一． 填空题（本大题共有12题，其中1-6每小题4分，7-12每小题5分，满分54分）1. 计算23lim12n n nn→∞-=+++___________; 【答案】62. 如果函数()y f x = 的反函数为11()3,x f x -+= 则(1)f 的值为__________; 【答案】：1-3. 函数()sin cos f x a x b x =+的一条对称轴为直线4x π=，则直线的倾斜角为_________; 【答案】34π4. 已知9a x ⎛ ⎝的展开式中，3x 的系数为94 ，则常数a 的值为_________; 【答案】45. 一个圆锥与一个球的体积相等且圆锥的底面半径是球的2 倍，若圆锥的高为1 ，则球的表面积为_________; 【答案】4π6. 设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若以12,a = 公差33,60,k k d S S k +=-==_________; 【答案】57. 满足不等式arccos 2arccos(1)x x <- 的x 取值范围是_________;【答案】11,32⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦8. 设集合}sin ,3n M x x n Z π⎧==∈⎨⎩，则满足条件3,P M ⎧⎪-=⎨⎪⎪⎩⎭的集合P 的个数是______个； 【答案】49. 在ABC ∆ 中，120,2,1,BAC AB AC D ∠=== 为线段上的任意一点（包括端点），则AD BC ⋅ 的最大值为_________; 【答案】210. 已知复数12,z z 满足1221,1Re 1,11z z lmz ≤-≤≤-≤≤ ，若12z z z =+ ，则z 在复平面上对应的点组成的图形的面积是_________; 【答案】12π+11. 已知函数2()log 1x f x x x=++ ，在8 行8 列矩阵111213182122232881828388a a a a a a a a a a a a ⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎪ ⎪⎝⎭中，()(18,18,),if ia f i j i j N f=≤≤≤≤∈且 则这个矩阵中所有数之和为_________;【答案】32 【解析】1188211(1)log 1.22a a f ===+= 2()log ,1xf x x x =++ 22111()log log 1111x x f x f x x x x x⎛⎫∴+=+++= ⎪+⎝⎭+()(18,18,),1,if i i fa f i j i j N f f i=≤≤≤≤∈⋅=且1if fi a a ∴+= ，‘ ∴ 在8 行8 列矩阵1112132122232881828388a a a a a a a a a aaa ⎛⎫ ⎪⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭ 中，所有数之和为：8,0641322if i f S a ===⨯=∑12. 用()C A 表示非空集合A 中元素的个数，{}3224310,A x x x x a x =+++-=若()5,C A = 则实数a 的取值范围为_________;【答案】9(,0)10- 【解析】{}3224310A x x x x a x =+++-=，()5,C A =则3224310x x x a x +++-=有5 个不同实数解，必然a o < ，方程化为(1)(3)(1)(1)0,x x x a x x +++-+=1x =- 是此方程的一个实数根， 1x ≠- 时，化为(3)(1),x x a x +=--分别做出函数(3),(1),y x x y a x =+=--的图像，由于函数(3),(1),y x x y a x =+=--的图像必须有4 个交点， 当(1)y a x =--的图像经过点39,24⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭时，有910a =-90.10a ∴-<< ∴ 实数a 的取值范围是9(,0)10-二、选择题（每小题5分，共20分）13.函数()412x xf x +=的图像 ( )【A 】关于原点对称 【B 】关于x 轴对称【C 】关于y 轴对称 【D 】关于直线y x =对称 【答案】C14.已知()f x 是定义在R 上的偶函数，对x R ∈都有成()()()63f x f x f +=+成立，若()01f =，则()2016f 的值为 ( )【A 】0 【B 】1 【C 】2015 【D 】2016 【答案】B15.阿波罗尼斯（约公元前262190-年）证明过这样一个命题：平面内到两定点距离之比为常数()01k k k >≠且的点的轨迹是圆，后人将这个圆称为阿氏圆。
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上海中学高三数学周练卷（十）
一. 填空题
1.已知集合{|14}A x x =≤≤，2{|280}B x x x =+-≤，则A B =
2.已知log 1a b =-，则2a b +的最小值是
3.函数21y x =-(1)x <-的反函数是
4.函数sin()cos()43y x x π
π
=+⋅+的最小正周期为
5.幂函数2()(1)m f x m m x =-+的图像与y 轴没有交点，则m =
6.已知函数()f x 是定义在R 上的偶函数，且在[0,)+∞上单调递增，若实数a 满足 12
2(log )(log )2(1)f a f a f +≤，则a 的取值范围是 7.若函数()cos 2sin f x x a x =+在区间(,)62
ππ上是减函数，则a 取值范围是 8.已知()f x 是定义在[2,2]-上的函数，对于任意实数12,[2,2]x x ∈-，且12x x ≠时，恒有 1212
()()0f x f x x x ->-，()f x 的最大值为1，则满足方程2(log )1f x =的解为 9.2AB =，60B ︒∠=，AC b =，若b M ∈时△ABC 能唯一确定，则集合M =
10.已知关于x
x ≥的解集区间长度为4||a ，则实数a =
11.记1231n i n i a
a a a a ==+++⋅⋅⋅+∑，则函数21
1()||n f x x n ==-∑的最小值为 12.已知111(,)P x y ，222(,)P x y 是以原点
O 为圆心的单位圆上的两点，12POP θ∠=（θ为 钝角），若3sin()45
πθ+=，则1212x x y y +的值为 13. 若定义在R 上的函数()f x 是奇函数，(2)f x -是偶函数，且当02x <≤时
，()f x =()(3)f x f =在区间(0,16)上的所有实数根之和是
14. 若方程343x x =-和33log (1)43x x -=-的解分别为1x 和2x ，则12x x +=
二. 选择题
15.已知函数42,0()cos ,0
x x x f x x x ⎧+>=⎨≤⎩，则下列结论正确的是（ ）
A.()f x 是偶函数
B.()f x 是R 上的增函数
C.()f x 是周期函数
D.()f x 的值域为[1,)-+∞
16.若2{(,)||tan |sin 0}M x y y x ππ=+=，22{(,)|2}N x y x y =+≤，则集合M N 的元素个数为（ ）
A. 4
B.5
C. 8
D.9
17.已知()y f x =为定义在R 上的函数，则“存在0x R ∈，使得2200()()f x f x -≠”是“()f x 为非奇非偶函数”的（ ）条件
A. 充分非必要
B. 必要非充分
C. 充要
D. 既不充分也不必要
18.已知2()34f x x x =-+，432(())318506948f g x x x x x =++++，那么整系数多项式函数()g x 的各项系数和为（ ）
A.8
B.9
C.10
D.11
三. 解答题
19. 设函数1,0sgn()0,01,0x x x x >⎧⎪==⎨⎪-<⎩
，求函数2()sgn(ln )ln f x x x =-的零点；
20. 解下列不等式：
（1）|1||2|2x x -+-<； （2
||0x x
≥；
21. 定义：若对任意1x 、2(,)x a b ∈恒有1212()()()22
x x f x f x f ++≤成立，则称函数()f x 在(,)a b 上为凹函数，已知凹函数具有如下性质：对任意的(,)i x a b ∈(1,2,,)i n =⋅⋅⋅，必有 1212()()()(
)n n x x x f x f x f x f n n
++⋅⋅⋅+++⋅⋅⋅+≤，当且仅当12n x x x ==⋅⋅⋅=等号成立； （1）试判断2y x =是否为R 上的凹函数，并说明理由； （2）若,,x y z R ∈，且3416x y z ++=，试求222
34x y z ++的最小值并指出取得最小值时,,x y z 的值；
22. 已知函数2()1f x ax bx =++和函数21()2bx g x a x b
-=+，且0a >； （1）若()g x 是奇函数，试求()f x 在R 上的值域；
（2）若方程()g x x =有两个不相等的实根，当0b >时，判断()f x 在(1,1)-上的单调性；
（3）当2b a =时，问是否存在正数x ，使得对任意[1,2]a ∈，315()()42f x ag x ≤+≤恒 成立，若存在，求出正数x 的取值范围，若不存在，说明理由；
23. 在△ABC 中，设,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，且a b c ≤≤；
（1）若2b ac =，求B 的取值范围；
（2）对于任意正整数n ，以sin(19)n ︒、cos(19)n ︒和1为长的线段是否能构成三角形，并 说明理由；
（3）①
② 对任意一个三角形，设其三边为,,a b c 且a b c ≤≤，试研究以x a 、x b 、x
c 为长的线段 是否一定能构成三角形，写出你的结论，并说明理由；
参考答案
一. 填空题
1. [1,2]
2.
3. 1()f x -=
4. π
5. 0
6. 1[,2]2
7. (,2]-∞
8. 4x =
9. [2,)+∞ 10.
49
11.110 12. -
13.24 14. 73
二. 选择题
15. D 16. D 17. C 18. A
三. 解答题
19.1x =或x e =； 20.（1）15(,)22；（2）[(0,2] ；
21.（1）是；（2）2223432x y z ++≥，此时2x y z ===；
22.（1）0b =，值域[1,)+∞；（2）求出2b a >，12b a -
<-，单调递增；（3）(0,1]； 23.（1）(0,]3π
；
（2）当n 为奇数，sin(19)sin19n ︒︒=，sin(19)sin19n ︒︒=；当n 为偶数，sin(19)sin1n ︒︒=， cos(19)cos1n ︒︒=；∵sin1cos11︒︒+>，sin19cos191︒︒+>，∴能构成三角形；
（3）①cos 0
C =>；② 当[0,1]x ∈，一定能构成三角形；其他情况不一定；。