牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第2讲-时态(2)
牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第2讲-时态(2)-教案
牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语第2讲-时态(2)-教案教育1对3辅导讲义学员姓名：学科教师：年级：八年级辅导科目：英语授课日期时间主题时态（2）学习目标1.掌握时态的基本概念；2.掌握和各种时态连用的时间状语；3.能在具体的语境中选用正确的时态。
教学内容1、上次课后巩固作业复习；2、互动探索教学建议：带领学生仔细观察这四幅图，并引导学生思考其中所用时态及其用法，以及比较其中的差异，从而引出本节课要复习的四个时态。
第一幅：过去完成时；第二幅：过去进行时；第三幅：现在完成时；第四幅：现在进行时。
教学建议：由于此部分是复习课，建议老师采取以教代学的方式让学生各自负责一个知识点进行讲解，其他学生进行提问。
老师在过程中进行补充和总结。
I. 时态复习【知识梳理1】现在进行时1. 表示正在发生的动作或者目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）Come on! We are choosing presents for John’s 20th birthday.What lesson are you studying this week?Mr. Brown is a teacher of maths, but he is now teaching computer lessons.2. 用look!… listen!…等开头，强调某人正在做某事. Look, it’s snowing heavily outside and everywhere is in white.Listen! Someone is playing the drum next door.3. 表示不断重复的动作，常带always, constantly, forever, all the time等频度副词，而且带有感情色彩。
Alice is always helping others and doing volunteer work in the community.He is changing his mind all the time so that it’s hard for others to understand him.4. 位移动词如：arrive, come, go, leave等常用进行时表示即将发生的动作。
沪教牛津版八年级英语下册语法精讲及练习
语法知识现在进行时一.现在进行时表示的意义：1.表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作发生的时间是此时此刻。
例如；I am reading an English book. 我正在看一本英语书。
She is watching TV. 她正在看电视。
2.表示目前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
例如：What lessons are you studying this week? 你们本周学哪些课了？Tom’s parents are working in China this year. 汤姆的父母今年一直在中国工作。
二.现在进行时的句子结构：现在进行时由“助动词be + 动词的现在分词”构成，be (am, is, are)是助动词，不做联系动词用，不解释“是”。
其句子结构为：1.肯定句由“主语 + be + v.-ing + 其他”构成。
例如：I am cleaning the classroom. 我正在打扫教室。
They are playing the piano.2. 否定句由“主语 + be + not + v.-ing + 其他”构成。
例如：He is not watching TV. 他没在看电视。
They are not writing. 他们没在写东西。
3. 一般疑问句由“Be + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？”构成，其肯定答句为“Yes, 主语 + be”否定答句为“No, 主语 + be + not”。
例如：—Is she listening to the music? 她正在听音乐吗？—Yes, she is. / no, she isn’t. 是的，她在听。
/ 不，她不在听。
—Are they running? 他们正在跑步吗？—Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 是的，他们在跑。
/ 不，他们不在跑。
4. 特殊疑问句由“特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + v.-ing + 其他？”构成。
沪教牛津版八下英语语法知识点归纳
沪教牛津版八下英语语法知识点归纳1. Present tense：现在时- 现在时表示目前正在进行的动作或状态：e.g. I am doing my homework.（我正在做作业。
）- 现在时还可以用来表示经常性的动作或习惯：e.g. She always gets up early.（她经常早起。
）2. Past tense：过去时- 过去时表示已经发生的动作或状态：e.g. I went to the park yesterday.（我昨天去了公园。
）- 过去时还可以用来表示过去的习惯或常态：e.g. He used to swim every morning.（他过去每天早上游泳。
）3. Future tense：将来时- 将来时表示将要发生的动作或状态：e.g. We will visit Paris next summer.（我们将会在明夏去巴黎。
）4. Modal verbs：情态动词- 情态动词用来表示说话者的态度、习惯、能力等：e.g. You should study harder.（你应该更加努力学习。
）- 常见的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would等。
5. Passive voice：被动语态- 被动语态表示动作的接受者在句中作为主语：e.g. The cake was made by my sister.（这个蛋糕是由我妹妹制作的。
）6. Reported speech：间接引语- 间接引语用来转述别人所说的话：e.g. She said that she was going to the cinema.（她说她要去电影院。
）7. Adjectives and adverbs：形容词和副词- 形容词用来描述名词或代词的性质或特征：e.g. He is a tall man.（他是一个高个子的男人。
）- 副词用来描述动词、形容词和其他副词的程度、方式等：e.g. She sings beautifully.（她唱得很美。
牛津沪教版英语八年级下 Unit1-Unit2语法知识点整合
A .don't make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. I'd rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.A. to shareB. to have sharedC. shareD. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________in a fire.A. being destroyedB. having been destroyedC. to be destroyedD. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.A. wait, to comeB. wait; comeC. waiting; comingD. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.A. hearing, saying, to repairB. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairingD. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.A. to doB. toC. doingD. doing so21. Robert is said to __________ abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to study B. to be studying D. to have been studying22. I'm gong to Xi'an next week. Have you anything __________ to your parents?A. to takeB. to be takenC. to be bought toD. to buy23. when are they __________ in their plan?A. handB. handedC. to handD. give24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____________.A. have survivedB. are to surviveC. would survivedD. will survive25. When we hurried to the station, there happened ________ no bus at that time.A. to haveB. to beC. havingD. being26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________ matters worse, it began to rain.A. madeB. having madeC. makingD. to make27. At ________ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy _________a good rest.A. no, to takeB. no, takingC. any, to takeD. one, taking28. --Are you a student? --No, but I used _________.A. to beB. to wasC. to doD. to be a29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed _________ himself _________ in the living room.A. to enjoy, to shutB. to be enjoying, shuttingC. to be enjoying, shutD. to have enjoyed, having shut30. With a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled31. We're leaving at six o'clock, and hope _________ most of the journey by lunch time.A. to doB. to have doneC. to makeD. to have made32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier _________.A. understoodB. to be understoodC. to understandD. understand33. Who will you get __________ the project for us?A. designB. to designC. designedD. designing34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know __________.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. what to do with itD. to do what with it35. We are not allowed __________ outdoors with some other children.A. playingB. to be playingC. to playD. be playing36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _________ to carry all the way home.A. much too heavyB. too much heavyC. heavy too muchD. too heavy much37. She feels so strongly that each of us should have a role __________in making the earth a better place to live in.A. to have playedB. to playC. to be playedD. to be playing38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _________.A. to sendB. for sending itC. to send it toD. for sending it to39. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears _________ everything.A. to tellB. to be toldC. to be tellingD. to have been told11 / 11。
沪教牛津版八年级下-unit-2-body-language
沪教牛津版八年级下-unit-2-body-languageUnit 2 Body language一、重点词汇:（一）根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. He made a rude _gesture (手势) at the driver of the other car.2. There is no advice on how to use your body language (肢体语言).3. When he heard the words, he gave a long sigh (叹气).4. There is a sad expression(表情) on her face.5. She gives the impression (印象) of being very busy.6. She sat with her back towards (朝向) me.7. Hold (使保持) your head up.8. I walked over to (朝……走过去) her and put out my hand.9. Can you come over to ( 顺便来) our school tomorrow?10. The young man made a good impression on (给留下好印象) them.11. The horse were running neck and neck .(齐头并进，不分上下).12. Don’t cross (交叉) your legs when you sit, please.Cross 作动词，意为“穿过，越过，渡过”，可直接带宾语。
Across介词，指从这边到那边平面“通过，横过”，含义与on有关。
He walked across the road to the other side.13. What a hot day! I am a bit (有点儿) thirsty. 相当于a little 或kind of,用来修饰形容词或副词。
沪教牛津版八年级下册8B Unit2 Body language语法专项课件(动名词)PPT
考点大观
易错辨析
通关训练
动名词的用法
3. 介词后跟动名词 What about going to the cinema? 去看电影怎么样？ On seeing his teacher, he jumped off his bike.
他一看见老师就下自行车。
考点大观
易错辨析
通关训练
常跟动名词作宾语的动词
try
doing sth. 试着做某事
考点大观
易错辨析
通关训练
易错点2 动名词表示抽象或多次的行为
动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语，在有些时候可
以通用。但是，动名词多表示抽象或多次的行为， 不定式往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
考点大观
易错辨析
通关训练
易错点2 动名词表示抽象或多次的行为
I like swimming in summer. 夏天我喜欢游泳。
D. rest
考查非谓语动词。根据句意“她到达山顶，停下来
解析
在一个大石头上休息一下”可知，“停下来去休 息”，做另外一件事情，故stop后跟动词不定式。
考点大观
易错辨析
通关训练
【典例3】— Look! The lights in the classroom are still on. — Oh, I forgot _______.
常跟动名词作宾语的短语
be fond of, be good at, be worth, devote to, feel like, get used
to, give up, have difficulty, insist on，look forward to, pay attention to, put off, refer to, be busy (in)等。
上海牛津八年级下知识点
上海牛津八年级下知识点下面是上海牛津八年级下的知识点总结。
一、英语1. 时态本学期将学习的英语时态有以下几个：一般过去时、现在完成时、将来时。
需要掌握哪些动词的构成及用法，例如不规则动词，如go、eat、come等，还有常用的时间状语，如yesterday、last week、often等。
2. 名词本学期还将学习不同类型的名词，包括单数、复数、可数、不可数等。
需要用英语描述各种物品及概念，并掌握它们的复数形式和构成方式。
二、数学1. 代数代数是本学期的主要内容之一。
学生们需要学习如何解决一元二次方程和用算式计算各种计算。
2. 几何学几何学也是本学期的主要知识点之一。
本学期将学习如何通过计算分类，分析和计算四边形、三角形等图形。
其中还包括计算圆形的周长和面积。
三、物理1. 牛顿第二定律牛顿第二定律是本学期的一个主要内容。
通过本学期的学习，学生应该能够计算加速度和速度，并计算出重力和重力势能的大小。
2. 光的反射和折射另一个本学期的重点内容是光的反射和折射。
学生们应该能够识别反射和折射，以及如何计算光线的角度和方向。
四、化学1. 化学反应化学反应是本学期的主要内容之一。
通过学习，学生们应该能够理解化学反应的基本概念和定义。
他们还应该学习如何构建反应平衡式、计算反应的热及焓变化值，并了解反应速率和影响反应速度的因素。
2. 元素周期表另一个本学期的重点是元素周期表。
学生们应该能够理解元素周期表的基本组成部分，并识别表中不同元素的周期和族。
五、生物1. 生态系统生态系统是本学期的主要内容之一。
学生们应该能够了解生态系统的基本概念、分析物种相互之间的关系，并能识别生态系统中不同物种在生态网中所占的位置。
2. 生殖系统本学期还将学习生殖系统的基本结构和功能。
学生们还应该能够理解选择不同生殖方式的意义，并了解促进生殖健康的重要性。
总结通过本学期的学习，学生们将掌握英语、数学、物理、化学、生物等多个领域的知识点。
沪教牛津版八年级英语下册语法精讲及练习
语法知识现在进行时一.现在进行时表示的意义： 1.表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作发生的时间是此时此刻。
例如； I am reading an English book. 我正在看一本英语书。
She is watching TV. 她正在看电视。
2.表示目前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
例如： What lessons are you studying this week? 你们本周学哪些课了？ Tom's parents are working in China this year. 汤姆的父母今年一直在中国工作。
二.现在进行时的句子结构：现在进行时由“助动词be + 动词的现在分词”构成，be (am, is, are)是助动词，不做联系动词用，不解释“是”。
其句子结构为： v.-ing + 其他”构成。
例如：+ be + 1.肯定句由“主语I am cleaning the classroom. 我正在打扫教室。
They are playing the piano.v.-ing + 其他”构成。
例如： + be + not + 2. 否定句由“主语He is not watching TV. 他没在看电视。
They are not writing. 他们没在写东西。
v.-ing + 其他？”构成，其肯定答句为“Yes, 主语 + be3. 一般疑问句由“Be + 主语 + ”否定答句为“No, 主语 + be + not”。
例如：—Is she listening to the music? 她正在听音乐吗？—Yes, she is. / no, she isn't. 是的，她在听。
/ 不，她不在听。
—Are they running? 他们正在跑步吗？—Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. 是的，他们在跑。
沪教牛津版八年级下Unit2讲解与练习
---沪教牛津版八年级下Unit 2 解说及练习基础知识：短语1.the use of...... ......的用途2.body language肢体语言3.in communication在沟通中4.Make/accept/reject suggestions 提出、接受、拒绝建议5.the meaning of........的含义6.take place 发生7.look down 俯视8.look up 仰望、查问9.sit up straight坐直身体10.look bored 看上去无聊11.a part-time job 一份兼员工作12.a well-dressed lady 一位衣着考究的女士13.walk over 走向 ....14.instead of 代替15.at once 立刻16.make a good impression on sb 给某人留下好印象17.remind sb of sth提示某人某事18.at the moment此时19.think it over屡次考虑20.start/end with以...... 开始 /结束21.because of因为22.according to依照23.the type of...... ...种类的24.refer to 描绘25.at an early age在很小的时候26.be angry 生气27.be good at擅长municate with sb 和某人沟通29.a bit 一点儿、稍微30.far away from离....远31.be unhappy about sth 对某事不快乐32.for example比方33.too much 太多（ +名词）34.feel nervous感觉紧张35.set up 成立、成立36.take part in 参加句型1.shake hands with sb 与某人握手2. What ’ s the matter?怎么了？3.make sb do sth 使某人做某事4.decide to do sth决定做某事5.try to do sth努力做某事try doing sth试一试做某事6.I think+ 从句我认为 ......7.have a good chace to do sth有好机会去做某事8. It ’s+adj+for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事是 ......9. What happened ？怎么了？10.by doing sth经过做某事11.look forward to doing sth希望着做某事12.be interested in doing sth对做某事感兴趣13.Why not do sth?= Why don ’tyou do sth? 为什么不做某事？14. What about doing sth ？做某事怎么样？15.had better do sth 最好做某事16.keep doing sth 素来做某事17.think about doing sth 考虑做某事18.somewhere nice某个宜人的地方19.as...as 和...... 同样20.be easy to do sth 很简单做某事第 1 页--------语法：动名词Communicating is more than just speaking交.流不可是是说话Debbie enjoys smiling and always looks friendly.黛比喜欢微笑并且看上去总是很友好 I’m looking forward to going to Beijing. 我正希望着去北京。
2015-2016新版沪版初中牛津初中英语八年级下册Unit2知识点语法精讲精练
Unit 2：Body language重点短语：1:part-time job 兼职工作2:travel agency 旅行社3:be at work在工作4:look up抬头看；查阅5:glance at扫一眼6:stare at盯着看7:walk over to走到…8:prefer…to宁愿…而不愿9:body language肢体语言10:get a chance to do sth. 得到机会做某事11:make a good impression on留下好的印象12:hold up抬头；耽误13:decide to do sth. 决定做某事14:smile at sb. 对某人微笑15:at once=right away 立刻，马上16:remind sb about/of sth提醒某人某事17. Think it over. 考虑18:agree with sb同意某人的意见19:work as+职业：做什么职业20:one another互相（三者以上）21:during the summer holidays22:instead of代替，而不是23:look down往下看，蔑视24. be angery with sb.【注意区别】1）what does she look like?用来询问一个人的外貌长相是怎么样的，表达外貌时，描述特征时用主系表结构，人体部分描述的谓语用have/has连句子。
如---What does Jim look like?吉姆长得怎么样？----He is very thin and tall. He has short hair.拓展---what is Lucy like? 露西性格怎么样？（what’s …like? 人怎么样）----She's very friendly. 她很友好。
2）That lady told him how to send it in the fastest and cheapest way.tell sb to do sth告诉某人去做某事。
上海牛津沪教版八年级(下)同步讲义unit2
—－可编辑修改，可打印——别找了你想要的都有！精品教育资料——全册教案，，试卷，教学课件，教学设计等一站式服务——全力满足教学需求，真实规划教学环节最新全面教学资源，打造完美教学模式第二讲Unit2 Water上海牛津沪教版八年级(下)同步讲义Unit2 Water适用学科初中英语适用年级初中二年级适用区域上海课时时长（分钟）120分钟（一对一）知识点知识点1：本单元词汇知识点2：词组知识点3：句型知识点4：过去进行时知识点5：不定式的用法知识点6：定语从句教学目标知识：学生能够基本掌握8年级上册Unit2中的词汇、词组、句型及语法。
方法：牢记各个知识点的用法，归纳总结异同点，通过习题加强巩固。
能力：熟练掌握各种词汇的用法；具备准确判断词性及转换的能力；熟练掌握过去进行时时态；熟练掌握不定式的用法；熟练掌握定语从句；教学重点词性转换；不定式的用法；定语从句；教学难点不定式的用法教学过程一、课堂导入教师讲述一个与本节课题目有关的英文小故事，引出今日所要讲解的知识点，然后让学生简单梳理一下所涉及的问题，带着问题学习本节课的内容。
二、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课学的重点内容，检测单词的用法，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过英文小故事导入本节课所要学习的新知识。
三、知识讲解1. 知识点一：重点单词1）daily [ˈdeɪli]【词性】adv.【词义】每天【经典例句】Your body needs about two litres of water daily.你的身体每天需要两升左右的水。
2）amount [əˈmaʊnt]【词性】n.【词义】数量；数额【易混淆点】an amount of 大量的，修饰不可数名词a number of 大量的，修饰可数名词【经典例句】When you exercise, the amount of water you need increase.当你锻炼的时候，你身体需要水的量就增加了。
上海牛津版八年级下册Unit2 Water 同步讲义 解析版
上海牛津版八年级下册同步讲义Unit 2 Water一、词汇Words1.washbasin n. 洗脸盆e.g. Water was pouring into the washbasin. 水正在流入洗脸盆。
批注：wash“洗”basin “水池，盆”wash-basin合在一起就变成了洗脸盆。
washbasin一般指固定在浴室中的洗脸盆，而厨房中的水槽则一般称为sink.2. vanish v. 消失，突然不见e.g. I thought it would rain, but the clouds have vanished and it's a fine day.我原以为天要下雨的，可是云消失了，是个好天。
【常用搭配】vanish into the air/from sight消失不见vanish in darkness在黑暗中消失vanish into nothing化为乌有批注：先让学生回忆以前学过的“消失”disappear，然后再讲解两者之间的区别1）vanish的语气强，指突然间化为乌有，强调非常彻底地，神秘地消失，失踪。
Eg. The airplane vanished into the clouds.The man ran into the shop and vanished from sight.12）disapppear 是普通用词，语气没有vanish 强烈，强调从视线或脑海中消失。
这消失可能是暂时的/突然的或永久的，视情况而定。
Eg. When spring comes , the snow disappears .3. amount n.数量，数额e.g. He spent a large amount of money on books. 他花了很多钱买书。
【知识拓展】an amount of 一定数量的 a large amount of 大量的 a small amount of 少量的批注：提问学生还有一个表示数量的词是什么，如果学生不清楚，老师可以提示学生是数字那个单词number，然后再问问学生这两个词之间的区别，知道多少。
上海牛津沪教版八年级(下)同步讲义unit2
—－可编辑修改，可打印——别找了你想要的都有！精品教育资料——全册教案，，试卷，教学课件，教学设计等一站式服务——全力满足教学需求，真实规划教学环节最新全面教学资源，打造完美教学模式第二讲Unit2 Water上海牛津沪教版八年级(下)同步讲义Unit2 Water适用学科初中英语适用年级初中二年级适用区域上海课时时长（分钟）120分钟（一对一）知识点知识点1：本单元词汇知识点2：词组知识点3：句型知识点4：过去进行时知识点5：不定式的用法知识点6：定语从句教学目标知识：学生能够基本掌握8年级上册Unit2中的词汇、词组、句型及语法。
方法：牢记各个知识点的用法，归纳总结异同点，通过习题加强巩固。
能力：熟练掌握各种词汇的用法；具备准确判断词性及转换的能力；熟练掌握过去进行时时态；熟练掌握不定式的用法；熟练掌握定语从句；教学重点词性转换；不定式的用法；定语从句；教学难点不定式的用法教学过程一、课堂导入教师讲述一个与本节课题目有关的英文小故事，引出今日所要讲解的知识点，然后让学生简单梳理一下所涉及的问题，带着问题学习本节课的内容。
二、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课学的重点内容，检测单词的用法，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过英文小故事导入本节课所要学习的新知识。
三、知识讲解1. 知识点一：重点单词1）daily [ˈdeɪli]【词性】adv.【词义】每天【经典例句】Your body needs about two litres of water daily.你的身体每天需要两升左右的水。
2）amount [əˈmaʊnt]【词性】n.【词义】数量；数额【易混淆点】an amount of 大量的，修饰不可数名词a number of 大量的，修饰可数名词【经典例句】When you exercise, the amount of water you need increase.当你锻炼的时候，你身体需要水的量就增加了。
初中英语 牛津上海版八年级下Unit2基础知识点复习教案
e. g. I am going to play table tennis with my friends this afternoon.(2) be going to还表示客观情况下（非主观打算）即将要发生的动作。
e. g. The weatherman says it is going to rain tomorrow.【随堂练习】ⅠRead and choose the best answer.()1. _______ Tai Mountain is the most famous mountain in Shandong.A. TheB. AnC. AD. /()2. There are ________ trees in my neighbourhood. We should plant some more.A. a lot ofB. fewC. a littleD. little()3. It's time ________ a rest. You have read the story book for a long time.A. to haveB. havingC. hasD. had()4. Don't ________ harmful chemicals into the river or lake.A. bringB. takeC. rushD. pour()5. The lights are still on in the lab. Please remember before leaving.A. turning them offB. to turn them offC. turning off themD. to turn off themⅡ. Rewrite the sentences as required.1.The man cut down a magnolia tree. (改为否定句)The man down a magnolia tree.2.He enjoyed the view on the thirtieth floor of Jinmao Building. (就划线部分提问)he _________ on the thirtieth floor of Jinmao Building?Ⅲ. Reading comprehension.AOnce upon a time some tiny frogs held a competition. The first to reach the top of a very high tower would be the winner.A big crowd gathered around the tower to see the race and cheer them on.The race began. No one in the crowd really believed that any of the tiny frogs would reach the top of tower. "They will never get to the top," someone said.One by one, the tiny frogs began to fall off.The crowd kept yelling," It's too difficult! No frog will make it！"More tiny frogs got tired and gave up, but one continued climbing, higher and higher. This one wouldn't give up.In the end, he was the only one left. It got to the top. The other frogs naturally wanted to know: How did the frog make it?One frog stepped forward to ask the winner. Then the frog found that the winner was deaf.He had won because he was able to keep his own mind. He couldn't hear criticism(批评) ; neither could he hear praise(表扬). There is a lesson for us all in the little frog's story. Don't let others block you on your way to your goal.True or false.() 1. No one came to see the race.() 2. No one believed any of the frogs would win.() 3. The crowd kept yelling because one frog reached the top of the tower.() 4. All the frogs stopped climbing because it was too difficult.() 5. The winner could hear nothing.。
牛津上海版八年级下Unit2基本词汇讲义设计
8B U2基础篇词汇Words1. 1.washbasin n. 洗脸盆e.g. Water was pouring into the washbasin. 水正在流入洗脸盆。
批注：wash“洗”basin “水池，盆”wash-basin合在一起就变成了洗脸盆。
washbasin一般指固定在浴室中的洗脸盆，而厨房中的水槽则一般称为sink.2. vanish v. 消失，突然不见e.g. I thought it would rain, but the clouds have vanished and it's a fine day.我原以为天要下雨的，可是云消失了，是个好天。
【常用搭配】vanish into the air/from sight消失不见vanish in darkness在黑暗中消失vanish into nothing化为乌有批注：先让学生回忆以前学过的“消失”disappear，然后再讲解两者之间的区别1）vanish的语气强，指突然间化为乌有，强调非常彻底地，神秘地消失，失踪。
Eg. The airplane vanished into the clouds.The man ran into the shop and vanished from sight.2）disapppear 是普通用词，语气没有vanish 强烈，强调从视线或脑海中消失。
这消失可能是暂时的/突然的或永久的，视情况而定。
Eg. When spring comes , the snow disappears .3. amount n.数量，数额e.g. He spent a large amount of money on books. 他花了很多钱买书。
【知识拓展】an amount of 一定数量的 a large amount of 大量的 a small amount of 少量的批注：提问学生还有一个表示数量的词是什么，如果学生不清楚，老师可以提示学生是数字那个单词number，然后再问问学生这两个词之间的区别，知道多少。
沪教牛津版八年级下册英语背记手册 Unit 2 Unit 2
Unit 2 Body language基础背默核心单词1. n. 语言2. v. 接受3. n. 手势4. n. 信息；消息5. adj. 兼职的6. adj. 衣着入时的7. n. 女士；女子8. v. 叹息9. n. 麻烦10. prep. 向；朝11. v. 使保持（在某位置） 12. adv. 以后；后来13. v. 提醒；使想起14. n. 颈；脖子15. v. 使交叉16. adj. 确信；肯定单词变形1. communicate—（名词）2. （动词）—meaning—（形容词）3. bore—（人作主语的形容词）—（物作主语的形容词）4. express—（名词）5. appear—（名词）6. impress—（名词）7. shake—（过去式）—（过去分词）8. nod—（过去式）9. appear—（名词）核心短语1. 肢体语言2. 发生3. 坐直，坐起来4. 代替，而不是5. 不仅仅是6. 认真考虑7. 给……留下好印象 8. 提醒某人某事9. ……的关键10. 抬头11. 对某人微笑12. 摇头13. 与……交流14. 双臂交叉重点句型1. 西蒙，你没有给人们留下好印象。
You don't people , Simon.2. 他坐得笔直，试着对人们微笑。
He straight and at people.3. 她想提醒我明天是她的生日。
She wanted to that tomorrow is her birthday.。
牛津上海版八年级初二下册英语 第2讲-时态教案
时态
基本概念 基本形式 学法点睛
表示现在 现在进行时 正在发生
的动作
am/is/a re doing
掌握常见时间状 语： now / at present /
at the (this)
moment / Look
(Listen) 根据句意进行判 断某人此刻正在 做某事。
时态
基本概念 基本形式 学法点睛
D. Works
选A，for+一段时间，典型的现在完成时的标志。
【知识梳理4】 过去完成时
1. 基本结构: had + 过去分(done)
2. 表示在过去先后发 生的两个动作中，先 发生的动作通常用过 去完成时。
3. 过去完成时的 时间状语有：by +过去时间点 (eg. by 2007, by the time he was born) 等。
last month
根据句意进行判 断，过去完成时 的动作发生在某 一过去的动作之 前。
1.规定学生在25分钟内完成；
2. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记；
3．下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率 最高的学生；
4．让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题，老师 进行补充；
5．老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点 进行复习。
表示过去发
生的动作对 现在完成时 现在有影响
have / has done
或一直持续
到现在
掌握常见时间状 语： already/just/yet/thr
ee times/since
yesterday/for three hours
/recently/so far/in
the past(last) ten
【例题精讲】
上海牛津版英语八年级下册8BUnit2U2总结复习
学员编号：年级：初二课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型T Unit2（牛津8下）基础知识梳理星级★★★教学目标1、使学生能够基本掌握本单元中的基础词汇及重要句型；2、使学生熟练运用本节课所学的知识。
授课日期及时段（建议2-5分钟）Water in three states: liquid, solid , and water vapor in the air. Clouds are accumulations of water droplets, condensed from vapor-saturated air.Water is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H2O. A water molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms connected by covalent bonds. Water is a liquid at temperatures above 0 °C (273.15 K, 32 °F) at sea level, but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid state, ice, and gaseous state (water vapor or steam). Water also exists in a liquid crystal state near hydrophilic surfaces.Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface,and is vital for all known forms of lifeOn Earth, 96.5% of the planet's water is found in oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in other large water bodies, and 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of solid and liquid water particles suspended in air), and precipitation.[5][6] Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products.Water on Earth moves continually through the hydrological cycle of evaporation and transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, and runoff, usually reaching the sea. Evaporation and transpiration contribute to the precipitation over land.T同步-U2基础知识梳理1Safe drinking water is essential to humans and other lifeforms even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients. Access to safe drinking water has improved over the last decades in almost every part of the world, but approximately one billion people still lack access to safe water and over 2.5 billion lack access to adequate sanitation. There is a clear correlation between access to safe water and GDP per capita.However, some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability. A recent report (November 2009) suggests that by 2030, in some developing regions of the world, water demand will exceed supply by 50%.Water plays an important role in the world economy, as it functions as a solvent for a wide variety of chemical substances and facilitates industrial cooling and transportation. Approximately 70% of the fresh water used by humans goes to agriculture.批注：通过和学生一起阅读这篇文章，了解水，然后引出今天的主题。
八年级英语 Chapter 2 Reading 上海牛津版
初二英语Chapter 2: Reading上海牛津版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Chapter 2: Reading二. 重点词组：1. must be 在此处：肯定是，是对目前事情的推测。
关于must 表示推测的用法one of ＝the /物主代词＋名词的复数是一个常用结构，表示……之一，该结构中的名词必须是复数。
eg: The earth is one of the planets in the solar system.地球是太阳系中的行星之一。
David is one of my best friends. 大卫是我最好的朋友之一。
2. at six 表示：在六点钟。
在英语中，时间通常是用介词短语来表示的。
不同的时间要与不同的介词搭配。
表示时刻的用“at”eg: I have breakfast at 7:30.表示早，中，晚用in。
eg: we have classes in the morning do sports in the afternoon and do our homework in the evening. 我们上午上课，下午做运动，晚上写作业。
注意：表示在正午用at noon，在深夜用at night表示在具体的某一天用on，eg: school begins on Sept. 1. 在9月1号学生开学。
Let’s go out for a barbecue on a sunny day. 我们找个晴天去烧烤吧。
表示在星期几用oneg: We don’t go to school on Sunday.表示在某月某个季节用ineg: We go on a school trip in May.It often snows in winter here.3. put on 表示：穿，戴时的用法。
后面接名词后代词做宾语。
当宾语是代词时该代词必须放在on 的前面。
eg: Tom put on his jacket and went out.汤姆穿上皮夹克，然后走了出去。
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教育1对3辅导讲义I. 时态复习【知识梳理1】现在进行时1. 表示正在发生的动作或者目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）Come on! We are choosing presents for John’s 20th birthday.What lesson are you studying this week?Mr. Brown is a teacher of maths，but he is now teaching computer lessons.2. 用look!… listen!…等开头，强调某人正在做某事.Look，it’s snowing heavily outside and everywhere is in white.Listen! Someone is playing the drum next door.【巩固练习】1.—We all went to the cinema except you last night. Why didn't you come?—Because I ________ that movie twice.A.has seenB. sawC. had seenD. had been seen2. Jenny didn’t visit the rubber duck in Century park yesterday because she ________ it.A. seesB. sawC. has seenD. had seen3. They________ in Italy for twelve years before they moved to England.A. liveB. were livingC. have livedD. had lived4. The government ________ some school buildings for safety by the end of last year.A. is rebuildingB. was rebuildingC. would rebuildD. had rebuilt5. Mary ________ in that housing estate since she came back to Shanghai in 2019.A. is livingB. had livedC. would liveD. has lived基础版：I. Choose the best answer.1. Today’s young people can’t live without smart phones. They keep their hands on the phones wherever they go，even while they ________ meals.A. hadB. will haveC. are havingD. were having2. What ________ you ________ when the captain came in?A. are；doingB. did；doC. were；doingD. have；done3. My sister has learnt English ________.A. for twelve years agoB. since she was fourC. twelve years agoD. at the age of four4. —Are your parents at home，Jane?—No. They ________ taking a walk in the park.A. doB. areC. willD. have5. Look! The Smiths ________ TV happily on the sofa.A. is watchingB. watchesC. watchedD. are watching6. — Dave，we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready?— No，I ________ our guide book and towels yet.A. don't packB. didn't packC. have packedD. haven't packed7. I have to be off now. My friends ________ outside.A. waitB. are waitingC. have waitedD. were waiting8. People ________ a lot of trees on the countryside by the end of last month.A. plantB. plantedC. have planted D had planted9. Julia isn’t going to the cinema with us because she ________ the film.A. seesB. sawC. will seeD. has seen时态基本概念基本形式学法点睛现在进行时表示现在正在发生的动作am/is/aredoing❖掌握常见时间状语：now / at present / at the (this) moment / Look (Listen)❖根据句意进行判断某人此刻正在做某事。
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响或一直持续到现在have / has done❖掌握常见时间状语：already/just/yet/three times/since yesterday/for three hours/recently/so far/in the past(last) ten days❖根据句意进行判断，过去的动作对现在产生了影响。
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在发生的动作was / weredoing❖掌握常见时间状语：at that moment /at this time yesterday/at 6:00 last Sunday/from1:00 to 3:00 yesterday afternoon❖when/while引导的时间状语从句或者主句中表示某一时间正在发生的延续性动作。
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作had done❖掌握常见时间状语：by the end of last month❖根据句意进行判断，过去完成时的动作发生在某一过去的动作之前。
【巩固练习】day，when Mr. Miller was out，Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk，Buck ____4____. No one saw them go，and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel，and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck.Buck ____5____，and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man. The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth. For a few moments he was unable to move，and it was ____6____ for the two men to put him into the train.1.A. money B. trouble C. gold D. Snow2.A. for example B. in fact C. above all D. of course3.A. her B. their C. his D. its4.A. said B. thought C. heard D. wondered5.A. cried B. laughed C. smiled D. died6.A. impossible B. difficult C. easy D. necessaryIII. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
）Anger(生气) is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework，when your team loses an important game，when your friend b____1____ your favorite thing and then breaks it，you may get really angry.Usually，your body will tell you when you are angry. For example，you breathe much f____2____，your face turns red，and you may want to break something or hit someone，but sometimes，you hide your anger. For example，you may hide it in your h____3____. The problem is that if you do this，you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt.In fact，it's not good to hide your anger，and it's normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way，without hurting d____4____ or yourself. Let me give you some advice.When you get angry，you can talk about it with other people. It's helpful to talk about your anger with other people，such as p____5____ teachers，good friends etc. When you talk about anger，those b____6____ feelings can start to go away. On the other hand，when you start to feel angry，you can do some other things: count from 1 to 100；go for a bike ride；think about good things，etc.Don't let your anger c____7____ you. Remember that how you act when you are anger can make everything better or worse.根据图片找到各个修饰词之间的不同点和相同点。