2015年北京师范大学英语专业考研,复试真题,真题解析,考研真题,考研笔记,复试流程

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2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题分享笔记

全心全意因才思教2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题分享笔记各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京师范大学的翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的考研真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

我完全是靠记忆里的东西，考试时忘了把题目抄到准考证上带出来……所以回忆出来的东西可能很乱很杂*&*%……*&%#…翻译硕士英语：第一道大题感觉今年北师大有点换方向了，北师大往年貌似愿意出那种我们都不认识的长单词，今年有相当一部分是on witn这样的介词搭配，反正我是不会，基本靠蒙，不过其中也有几道长单词的题，现在只记得一个单词了ingenerate。

阅读部分是三篇选择，两篇问答。

那三篇选择还凑合吧，感觉是专八水平或比专八还简单点，文章也不长。

但是那两篇简答题，我基本上是瞎写，文章我也没读懂，其中有一篇好像是四十岁男人咋地咋地的，里面还有暗喻，我是完全不明白那个到底想暗示什么，就胡写了……题目第一道是paraphrase第一段的最后一句话，还有的题目是问你同不同意作者的观点，为什么。

作文是有关时尚的，作文的具体题目是啥我忘了，反正大意就是：很多人都追随时尚，却不顾真正适合自己的东西。

要求我们写一篇400-500字的作文。

翻译基础：economy class; Achilles' heel; a wet hen; child's play; 方便面；买一送一；粮食安全；彩票；暂停；吉日；山寨；两篇互译文章，英译汉是讲美国应对当前经济全球化什么什么的。

整体不难，也基本没有啥不认识的单词。

但是汉译英彻底把我难住了，是讲“和氏璧”的，说春秋时期有个人楚国人叫汴河，他在山里得了块璞玉，进献给厉王，被厉王认为是石头，于是以欺君之罪剁了左脚，全心全意因才思教厉王死后，武王（好像是他）即位，汴河又把玉进献给武王，再一次以同样的理由剁掉右脚，武王死后，文王即位，汴河抱着玉在楚山下大哭，文王得知后，命人把玉剖开，发现里面确实是一块绝世美玉，于是起名叫“和氏璧”。

2015年北京师范大学考博英语真题及答案解析

第一部分：试题
Part I ：Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSER SHEET. Passage 1 The human ear contains the organ for hearing and the organ for balance. Both organs involve fluid-filled channels containing hair cells that produce electrochemical impulses when the hairs are stimulated by moving fluid. The ear can be divided into three regions: outer, middle, and inner. The outer ear collects sound waves and directs them to the eardrum separating the outer ear from the middle ear. The middle ear conducts sound vibrations through three small bones to the inner ear. The inner ear is a network of channels containing fluid that moves in response to sound or movement. To perform the function of hearing, the ear converts the energy of pressure waves moving through the air into nerve impulses that the brain perceives as sound. Vibrating objects, such as the vocal cords of a speaking person, create waves in the surrounding air. These waves cause the eardrum to vibrate with the same frequency. The three bones of the middle ear amplify and transmit the vibrations to the oval window, a membrane on the surface of the cochlea, the organ of hearing. Vibrations of the oval window produce pressure waves in the fluid inside the cochlea. Hair cells in the cochlea convert the energy of the vibrating fluid into impulses that travel along the auditory nerve to the brain. The organ for balance is also located in the inner ear. Sensations related to body position are generated much like sensations of sound. Hair cells in the inner ear respond to changes in head position with respect to gravity and movement. Gravity is always pulling down on the hairs, sending a constant series of impulses to the brain.

2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题解析

2015年对外经济贸易大学朝鲜语翻译硕士考研真题解析各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上对外经济贸易大学的翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的考研经验，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

26.陕西省县市郊的半坡遗址显示出典型的中国古代________社会的文化特征。

A蒙昧 B母系氏族 C父系氏族 D奴隶27.商朝最后的国都是殷，就是现在河南的________A洛阳 B安阳 C信阳 D开封28.中国古代的宗法制度完善于周代，其核心是________。

A分封制 B等级制 C嫡长子继承制 D家族制29.古代发现的石鼓文字属于________ 体文字A大篆 B小篆 C隶书 D楷体30.《论语》中记载，孔子晚年喜欢读《易》，因为经常翻阅，以致“韦编三绝”，这表明当时书籍的主要形式是________A甲骨 B帛书 C简册 D纸卷31.在先秦诸子中，法家学说集大成者韩非强调应该把法令、权势、________三者结合在一起加以运用A权术B刑罚 C军功D恩惠32.西汉在中央朝廷设立由三公九卿等职官，在地方上实行的是________ 制。

A郡国B郡县C州府D行省33.魏晋玄学的早期代表人物有何晏和________A孔融B许慎C郭象D王弼34.“传神写照，正在阿睹中”是东晋画家______提出的主中表现人物内在精神的绘画理论A吴道子B阎立本C展子虔D顾恺之35.东晋道教理论家________著有《抱朴子》，对道家的发展有很大贡献。

A葛洪B吕洞宾C张道陵D陶弘景对外经济贸易大学MTI翻译硕士考研首先，翻译硕士朝鲜语第一道大题，5道语法选择题。

（基础，难度不大）10分第二道大题，5道改错（真心没看出来哪里不对）10分第三道大题，5道填空（单词或句子）10分第四道大题，5道给三个句子让你添一个相同的词使三个句子都适用10分第五道大题，阅读：貌似讲的是电子产品智能化？？5道选择 10分第六道大题，翻译：一段韩译汉，一段汉译韩（一带一路）真心蒙圈啊。

2015北京师范大学翻译硕士真题

2015北京师范大学翻译硕士研究生考试真题英语翻译基础短语翻译：英译汉：1.save the day2.at one’s wits end3.trump card4.inclusive growth5.judicial credibility6.dividened7.retrospective translation8.follow like sheep9.be given the cold shoulder10.maiden work11.live broadcast12.APEC13.The Doctrine of the Mean14.VIP Suite15.play for safety汉译英：1.拜金主义2.市话3.社会主义法治4.看手相5.化妆室6.钻石王老五7.上市公司8.餐馆勤杂工9.批发价10.动漫产业11.不可抗力12.神似13.亚健康14.仪仗队15.加油站英译汉短文考的一种科伽尔熊，说这种熊怎么怎么残忍啊乱七八糟的汉译英短文考的室中国典籍，什么卷帙浩繁啊，厚重的文化底蕴啊，能解其困厄啊啥的说典籍太多不知从何下手，可以通过读此类书籍而获全豹之貌。

2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士研究生考试真题百科知识1.禅宗的主要代表人物：A玄奘B慧能C道安D达摩2.有关数字不正确的是：A希伯来文化中9可表天堂的至尊无上B中国人的数字观中9是上天的数C中国文化9是最大的阳数，为至尊D十表圆满，中国人一般避用，担心过于圆满反招致灾难3.全真道教的主张：4.圣经中的“太初”和《庄子》中“太初”的理解？5.《抱朴子金丹篇》凡草木烧之即烬，而丹砂烧之成水银…..得出的结论？6.《梅花三弄》中的胡床指？三调指？7.以管之笔拟太虚之体，以判躯之状画寸眸之明体现的绘画美学原则：A天眼B以小观大C游目 D 遗神取貌8.以下哪个是市民绘画？A财神B笔简形具，惟心所出C寄于未来以求延续愿望D小说插图9.最好的《兰亭集序》的仿作是？10.书法艺术言论中不正确的是？11.一段话出自梁启超《什么是文化》的。

2015年北京师范大学教育学基础考研,复试真题,真题解析,考研真题,考研笔记,复试流程

北师考研详解与指导一.关于考研院校的选择假设研究生考试是一个战场，那么首战就是信息战。

能够在考研论坛看到这个帖子，证明你已经懂了这个道理，有过来人的经验，你才能赢了第一战。

选学校看三件事1.自己的实力、2.学校的实力、3.毕业后的发展。

下面具体来说说：1.自己没有实力什么白扯。

实力来自于本身的学科基础和考研过程中的坚持，你一定要坚持，才能知道自己有多少实力，如果你学习能力很强，不用在意自己是什么学校出生，二本，三本逆袭34所的例子多的是，只要肯付出。

但是也要记住，考名校的成功率是很小的。

比如，我作为三跨考生，专业基础为零，北师学前教育一年只招10个人，保送7个，就剩3个，今年报考了381个人，个个都不是吃素的，最后成功的几率自己算一算。

要承受很大的压力，想成功入学，天时地利人和，一样都少不了。

所以总结一下摆正心态，不要因名校难考就妄自菲薄，低估自己，但也要想好要付出的。

想好再选择~2.学校的实力看学科排名，看学校综合排名，看科研实力，选自己感兴趣的方向。

好学校多的很，选性价比最高的，最合适自己的，别人不能替你做选择，自己认真考量后做出选择。

3.毕业后还是要好好想想怎么发展的，不然一切都会变得盲目，在你复习到最艰苦的时候，你需要光明的未来给你动力，那么如果你刚开始没有想清楚，这时候你会迷茫，焦虑，动摇。

这些是致命伤，会直接导致考研失败的。

所以，一定要想好了再做决定，往大了说，这也是改变命运的一次选择嘛，值得在行动前好好思考。

二.关于考研复习计划的制定复习3轮，第一轮3-7月；第二轮7-10、11月；第三轮11月到1月第一轮的任务是熟悉课本。

方法可以多元化，阅读的同时一定要动笔，第一遍一定要动笔哦！不然看完会觉得4个月不知道干什么了，一边看书，一边做笔记，不断提炼你的笔记，不用怕写错，写的不整齐，不够有概括性，只要动笔就是有效地！拿教育心理学举例子！每阅读一个理论就要用自己的话，做一个小表，代表人物，理论来源，核心思想，应用方向。

2015年北京师范大学语言学考研,复试真题,真题解析,考研真题,考研笔记,复试流程

2015年北京师范大学语言学考研,复试真题,真题解析,考研真题,考研笔记,复试流程北师考研详解与指导（一）专业课复习1.关于看书北师大的参考书网站上列有16本，但实际需要看的并没有那么多。

现汉有黄廖本的上下册，这是最基本的必看。

古汉有王力本的一二册（尤其要以第一册为主），三四册不用看，张之强的古汉上下两册分别讲古文和通论，古文和王力版的基本一样，重点是看下册通论，张版归纳更有条理。

语言学也列有两本教材，但之前师姐跟我说伍铁平本不用看，这是一届届私传的秘籍，重点是徐通锵、叶蜚声本，我就以叶徐本为主、伍本只是稍微翻了翻。

文学史就选的是网站上列出的教材，现当代是郭志刚本，古文学是游国恩本。

虽然这几本书都不是我本科所用的教材，但是看过之后我发现这两本书作为参考书目是有道理的。

因为北师文学史只占50分，题目较为简单。

而这两本书都比较基础，看起来也非常快。

书应该怎么看呢？每个人都有自己的看书习惯，我只介绍一下我自己的一些心得体会。

首先，我往往在看一本书之前会先看目录，了解这本书大致讲了哪几部分内容，每一部分有哪些章节，有了大体框架之后才会细看。

在具体到每一节时，我通常会注意每个章节的论述思路。

也就是这一节讲了什么内容，笔者是分几部分进行阐述的，在具体阐述时用了哪些材料和方法。

经常这样的思考有利于思维的训练，分析问题的能力就是在这样的反复思考中获得的。

尤其是学硕，与专硕在试卷上最大的不同就是主观性题目特别多，需要在短时间内分析很多问题，经常这样思考对训练思维，形成答题思路很有效。

其次，可能大家在看书中会遇到这种情况，刚开始可能看书速度会比较慢，但没有关系，这说明自己对这部分知识还不太熟悉，只要反复的看，多看几遍就好了。

在看过几遍教材之后，可能有同学又觉得自己对于书本知识感觉很熟悉，但一问又说不上来，再看下去就没什么提高。

这时我建议大家可以适当做一些参考书，这有助于帮助查缺补漏，加深对书本内容的理解。

至于看什么参考书我在下面会做简单介绍。

2015年北京师范大学外国语言文学学院参考书,考研真题,复试流程,考研心态,考研经验

1/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年北京师范大学考研指导育明教育创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

科目名称书名作者出版社243日语新版《中日交流标准日本语》初级(上.下两册)人民教育出版社243日语新版《中日交流标准日本语》中级(上册)人民教育出版社741基础日语《高年级日语》精读1---3册赵华敏等上海译文出版社，2007年761基础俄语《东方》1---8册，丁树杞主编外语教学与研究出版社，1997941英语语言文学《译论》张经浩湖南教育出版社1996941英语语言文学《简明英国文学史》刘意青刘灵外语教育与研究出版社2008941英语《美国文学简史》常耀信南开大学出版社第24版20082/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2语言文学942英语语言学及应用语言学《语言学教程》（第三版）胡壮麟（主编）北京大学出版社，2006942英语语言学及应用语言学《英语教学法教程》（修订版）王蔷（主编）高等教育出版社，2006942英语语言学及应用语言学An Introduction to Foreign Language Learning and TeachingJohnso n,Keith外语教学与研究出版社，2002943日语语言文学《日语概论》翟东娜、潘钧主编高等教育出版社2008年，943日语语言文学《日本文学史》（各种日文版的）不限出版社943日语语言文学《日本国家概况》刘笑明南开大学出版社3/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：3944俄语语言文学《20世纪俄罗斯文学》符．维．阿格诺索夫主编中国人民大学出版社2001944俄语语言文学《东方》1---8册丁树杞主编外语教学与研究出版社1997年944俄语语言文学《俄译汉教材》蔡毅外语教学与研究出版社2006（1）一般而言，每篇阅读理解只讲一个主题，阅读时应通过段落主题句把握中心。

2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题整理

2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题整理各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京师范大学翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题及经验，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科写作部分第四章姓氏和名、字、号1. 姓氏是标志社会结构中一种（血缘关系）的符号。

2. 中国姓氏制度的特点:(1) 它是氏族血缘关系的产物，又是宗法制度的表现，其历史渊源非常久远，是世界上最古老的姓氏制度之一；(2) 在长期的封建社会中，它与封建礼制相结合，标榜同姓同宗，抬高名门大姓，成为维护封建统治秩序的有力工具；(3) 它虽然以汉族原有的姓氏为主体，但是也吸收和容纳了许多其他民族的文化成分，因此它已经成为民族团结和融合的象征。

3. 中国的姓氏可以追溯到（母系氏族社会）。

4. 姓：母系氏族社会中，人们按母系血缘分成若干氏族，每个氏族都以图腾或居住地形成互相区别的族号，这个族号就是“姓”。

5. 氏：同一母系血统的子孙繁衍，人口增加，同一母族分为若干支族迁往不同的地方居住和生活，每个支族都要有一个区别于其他支族的称号，这个称号就是“氏”。

6. 姓氏最初的区别：(1) 姓代表母系血统，氏代表氏族分支；(2) 姓是不变的，氏是可变的；(3) 姓区别血统，氏区别子孙。

7. 进入夏商周三代，氏都是由（统治者赐封）而来的，这时氏已是（贵族地位）的标志8. 姓氏混为一体，大致是在（秦汉）时代。

9. 姓氏的主要来源：(1) 上古最早产生的姓：姬、姜、姚等；(2) 祖先的族号：唐、夏、周等；(3) 国名：齐、鲁、燕、韩等；(4) 地名：西门、南宫、东郭等；(5) 官职：司马、司徒、司空、帅、尉、史等；(6) 职业：屠、陶、乐、卜等；(7) 动植物：马、羊、龙、杨、柳等；(8) 排行或数字：孟、仲、季、伍、陆、万等；(9) 爵号或谥号：王、侯、昭、庄等；(10) 出身：王子、公孙、公子、王孙等；(11) 少数民族：长孙、慕容、尉迟等。

2015北京师范大学翻译硕士考研复试经验笔记

2015北京师范大学翻译硕士考研复试经验笔记各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

初试已过，经过短暂的调整，很多考生投入到复试的奋战中，小编也整理北京师范大学翻译硕士考研复试的经验回忆，希望能帮到今年考研的考生们，祝大家考研复试顺利，都考个好成绩。

一、复试情况北师复试的差额复试比例为180%，也就是说进入复试18个，要刷掉8个，比例之高有点罕见。

所以希望报考北师的孩纸慎重考虑，竞争还是挺大的。

当然换个角度思考问题，进入复试的机会也更大，低分的孩纸指不定还有逆袭的机会(比如过了CATTI二级三级的会有优势，老师可能会优先考虑)。

北师近三年的分数线不断增加，从11年的300分，到12年的330分，再到今年的350分。

光看这趋势挺吓人，但北师的分数线是严格按照180%的差额率来划定的。

就拿今年来说，北师计划招25人，推免了4人，最后复试录取的名额就剩下21人，21*180%=37.8，最终进入复试的人数为38人，刚好吻合。

分数线应该就是按第38名的初试成绩划定的。

哪怕你是39名，总分只差1分，也只能认命。

二、下面简单回忆下复试的过程先是全部考生进入一个会议室，老师大概介绍一下北师MTI的情况(学费，培养方案神马的，点名确认下是不是有同学没到等等)。

接着就开始面试了，正常的面试顺序是按照初试成绩由高到低排定。

由于今年情况特殊，23号很多应届的孩纸要考专八，所以上午就先安排应届的孩纸面试，好让他们赶回学校参加考试，下午的就是往届考生。

面试之前会给你一张A4纸，上面有一篇阅读理解，有划线句子，文章后面附了几个问题，题型就跟基础英语的最后一道阅读理解类似。

给10分钟的准备时间，可以带电子词典或者手机查阅单词。

时间到后，就进入另一个教室接受老师的面试，总共是5位老师，有年轻的，也有年长一点的。

面试的程序一般最开始让你自我介绍，然后可能的话会针对自我介绍提一些问题，再自我介绍的时候，千万别给自己挖太多坑，比如，一位同学说自己喜欢阅读世界名著，老师就开始问他有关这方面的问题，最后那位同学都有点儿招架不住。

2015年北京师范大学英语专业考研,复试真题,考研真题,考研大纲,考研笔记,考研经验

北师考研详解与指导一、define and distinguish the following terms1.prescriptive VS descriptive2.metaphor Vs metonymy3.bilingualism Vs diglossia4.discreet-point test VS integrative test5.teaching approach VS teaching methodology6.entailment VS presuppose二、answer the following questions1.what is arbitrariness and iconicity?how is iconicity related to arbitrariness?what's your views about iconicity and arbitrariness?2.3.the following exams are which kind of formations?explain how it formed in the process of formation?coke blunch bus edit tofu4.In the following five conversations,there are to some degree with e Grice's cooperative principle and maxim account for the odd.(1)大概是it violated the quantity(first)(2)A:Let's get kids something to eat?B:ok,but I veto C-H-O-C-O-L-A-T-E.(3)A:Are you there?B:No,I'm here.(4)A:what did you buy?Bh,just some stuff.(5)A:professor,Jame is an old bag.B:Today's weather is bright,isn't it?(大概意思是这样）5.忘记了6.忘记了7.Explain the difference between TG grammar and systemic functional grammar.(15')e examples to explain the factors affect the listening task,make comment about it.(15')9.Explain the genre-based approach in wring.(20')1.充分备考2月中上旬2015年全国硕士研究生考试成绩公布后，34所自划线研究生招生单位也将在3月陆续公布复试分数线，3月底，全国各研招单位复试工作陆续进行。

2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题分享笔记

今天先来扒扒第二天上午考的357英语翻译基础（发现了一个铁打的规律：每年都会考2个前一二年的词不过才占150分里的2分大家看看就好不必太在意2011年是11个国情基本词，有什么产业结构调整之类的大家翻翻去年的回忆贴就知道今年虽然开了十八大但是和中共一点都没沾边翻译也是和去年思路不一样想考北师如果不是本校的学生有老师指点劝各位还是准备一壶才好在考试的时候倒出一杯千万别有侥幸心理不要让自己有薄弱环节）30个英汉互译英译汉：tariff barrier 关税壁垒soft soap 奉承话trade partner 贸易伙伴a shallow laughter 浅笑？（我不确定……）prize fellow 获奖学金的学生archiles' heel 致命伤，大缺点demanding work 要求高的工作全心全意因才思教a wet hen 泼妇netizen 网民release a polla counter-offer 还价economy class 经济舱software wizard 软件向导polite society 上流社会child's play 容易干的事，不重要的事汉译英：（有一个想不起来了……想起来我再补进来）粮食安全food security人肉搜索internet mass hunting团购group buying/purchase山寨mountain village （山寨货：cottage cargo/ goods）买一赠一buy one and present one彩票lottery tickets食用方法edible methods大片（不知要考什么我写了两个large mass of 和slice of）水货parallel/smuggled goods吉日lucky day暂停pause?归化naturalization全心全意因才思教方便面instant noodle（s）靶心bull 's eye 或target center第二部分是汉英文段互译汉译英是汴河泣玉的故事（我只记得大概了，可能有些句子不准确……）在中国文化的历史长河中，不管是太平盛世玉，还是群雄争霸，人们一直喜欢佩戴玉饰，并写诗歌颂它。

2015年北二外基础英语考研大纲,考研真题,考研重点,真题解析,考研心态

【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：12015年中国人民大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

北京第二外国语学院攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试《基础英语》考试大纲一、适用的招生专业英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学二、考试的基本要求本考试旨在考察考生是否具备攻读英语语言文学专业硕士研究生的英语水平，主要考察考生的交际语言能力，即语言知识和语用能力两个方面。

要求考生在规定的时间内，在不参阅任何工具书的情况下独立完成答卷。

【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：2三、试卷结构总分：150分题型：语法、词汇30分；完形填空30分；阅读理解30分；段落翻译30分；命题作文30分。

四、考试的主要内容与要求1、语法、词汇部分采用单选题的客观题型，旨在考察考生的语法、词汇知识。

2、完形填空部分采用单选题的客观题型，旨在考察考生运用语法、词汇及语篇知识等的综合语言能力。

3、阅读理解部分采用单选题和简答题等两种主客观题型，旨在考察考生阅读包括学术语篇在内的正规语体语篇的能力，试题类型涵盖寻找事实性信息、归纳总结、根据文章推断推理以及根据语篇解读某些语言点等方面。

4、段落翻译包含英译中和中译英两种题型，主要考察考生的翻译能力，同时兼顾考生的阅读与写作能力。

5、写作为命题作文，重点考察考生运用正规语体写作说明文或议论文的英文写作能力。

要求考生在限定时间内完成不低于规定字数的、符合文体要求的一篇完整的文章，评分标准将依据考生写作的内容、篇章组织和语言水平等方面。

五、主要参考书目水平测试，无指定参考书。

根据大纲和历年考题，我们把题型分为7种：推理题,例证题,词汇题,句子理解题,指代题,主旨题,态度题.下面就我去年在复习真题并结合老师的讲座有一套命题规律小结:(一)推理题推理题一般包括数字推理,知识推断和逻辑推理,它主要考察我们理清上下逻辑关系的能力，可以算是各类题型中最难的一种（我错的最多的一种，所以首先总结它的规律）。

2015年北京师范大学考研真题,考研参考书,考研经验,考研大纲,考研信息,考研辅导班资料,复试分数线

2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题汉语写作与百科知识一.选择题1.王微以一管之笔拟太虚之体的美学原则A.游目B.遗神取貌C.以大观小2.禅宗的代表人物A.慧能B.达摩C.道安<佛经翻译家，听着耳熟就选他了，错了>D.玄奘3.全真道教“识心见性”，它的主张有？4.晋葛洪:凡草木烧之即烬,而丹砂烧之成水银,积变又成丹砂A.阐述水银和硫磺相互作用相互影响的关系B.阐述草本、硫磺、水银相互影响的关系C.逻辑不成立，但有其借鉴意义5.“王子猷（王徽之）出都，尚在渚下。

旧闻桓子野善吹笛，桓于岸上过，王在船中，客有识之者，云是桓子野。

王便令人与相闻云：闻君善吹笛，试为我一奏。

桓时已贵显，素问王名，即便回下车，踞胡床，为作三调。

弄毕，便上车去。

客主不交一言。

”这首曲子演变成后来的琴曲《梅花三弄》A.胡床是一种坐具，类似”交椅”B.作三调指吹了三首曲子C.胡床是一种卧具，类似”马扎子”D.作三调指弹了三首曲子6.京剧有其虚拟化和程式化，下面选项体现其虚拟化的是A.绕场一圈表示日行千里B.用紫色脸谱表示人的刚正威严C.在唱法上面，文小生刚柔并济，武小生刚健有力D.正直官员戴方翅纱帽，贪官污吏为圆翅纱帽7.市民绘画主要是A.与传统习俗有关的画B.小说或戏曲中的插图多为艳情小说8.班固删定刘歆《七略》，着于《汉书》，然后有了《艺文志》A.是最早的艺术理论总集B.是最早的关于绘画评论文集C.分经史子集，《四库全书》沿用此例。

9.梁启超在《什么是文化》一书中说道，文化者，人类心所能开释出来之有价值的共业也。

此处的共业是指A.包括道德法律信仰等的社会制度层B.关于,,,,,,的意识层10.藏族人民集体创作的也是世界唯一一部活史诗的是A.格萨尔B萨格尔11.下列说法正确的一项是A.五谷是稻、黍、稷、麦、菽。

小麦去皮在<不记得朝代>传入西域。

B.烈性酒的传入....的C.汉代衣服棉麻织品....D.“立嫡以长不以贤，立子以贵不以长”夏朝（或者商朝）是母系氏族社会影响下的兄终弟及制，周的宗法制下的嫡长子继承制12.我国农耕经济的影响下，古代汉服的特点是A.上衣下袴B.博衣宽带C.褊狭圆领D.鞍褡13“仁者爱人。

2015年北京师范大学硕士研究生入学考试《英语学科教学》真题及答案

2015年北京师范大学硕士研究生入学考试《英语学科教学》真题(总分：150.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、定义题(总题数：5，分数：40.00)1.The Input Hypothesis（分数：8.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Learners acquire language in one way- by exposure to comprehensible input. If the input contains language just beyond the current level of the learner, then comprehension can occur and acquisition will occur.)2.The Affective Filter Hypothesis（分数：8.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Affect refers to motives, needs, attitudes and emotional states. If a learner is tense or angry, for example, they will filter out input, making it unavailable for acquisition.)municative Competence（分数：8.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(It concludes both the knowledge about the language and the knowledge about how to use the language appropriately in communicative situations. Speakers not only have to know functional meaning of the language but also the social context where the message is given.There are five components of communicative competence: linguistic competence, pragmatic competence, discourse competence, strategic competence, and fluency.Linguistic competence is concerned with knowledge of the language itself, its form and meaning. Pragmatic competence refers to the appropriate use of the language in social context. That is to say, the choice of the vocabulary and structure depends on the setting, the relative status of the speakers, and their relationships. Discourse competence refers to one's ability to create coherent written text or conversation and the ability to understand them. Strategic competence is similar to communication strategies. It refers to strategies one employs when there is communication breakdown due to lack of resources. Fluency means one's ability to link units of speech together with facility and without strain or inappropriate slowness or undue hesitation.)4.Structural Linguistics（分数：8.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Structural linguistics is an approach to linguistics originating from the work of Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure and is part of the overall approach of structuralism.Structural linguistics involves collecting a corpus of utterances and then attempting to classify all of the elements of the corpus at their different linguistic levels: the phonemes,morphemes, lexical categories, noun phrases, verb phrases, and sentence types.De Saussure's Course in General Linguistics, published posthumously in 1916, stressed examining language as a static system of interconnected units. He is thus known as a father of modern linguistics for bringing about the shift from diachronic (historical) to synchronic (non-historical) analysis, as well as for introducing several basic dimensions of semiotic analysis that are still important today, such as syntagmatic and paradigmatic analysis (or 'associations' as Saussure was still calling them). Two of Saussure's key methods were syntagmatic and paradigmatic analysis, which define units syntactically and lexically, respectively, according to their contrast with the other units in the system.Structural linguistics begins with the posthumous publication of Ferdinand de Saussure's Course in General Linguistics in 1916, which was compiled from lectures by his students. The book proved to be highly influential, providing the foundation for both modern linguistics and semiotics. Structuralist linguistics is normally seen as giving rise to independent European and American traditions.)5.nductive reasoning（分数：8.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Inductive reasoning is the opposite of deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning makes broad generalizations from specific observations. "In inductive inference, we go from the specific to the general. We make many observations, discern a pattern, make a generalization, and infer an explanation or a theory,"Wassertheil-Smoller told Live Science. "In science there is a constant interplay between inductive inference (based on observations) and deductive inference (based on theory), until we get closer and closer to the 'truth,' which we can only approach but not ascertain with complete certainty."Even if all of the premises are true in a statement, inductive reasoning allows for the conclusion to be false. Here's an example: "Harold is a grandfather. Harold is bald. Therefore, all grandfathers are bald." The conclusion does not follow logically from the statements.Inductive reasoning has its place in the scientific method. Scientists use it to form hypotheses and theories. Deductive reasoning allows them to apply the theories to specific situations.)二、简答题(总题数：4，分数：60.00)6.Discuss the concept of competency-based language teaching.（分数：15.00）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Competency-Based Language Teaching (CBLT) is an application of the principles of Competency-Based Education to language teaching. By the end of 1970s,CBLT was mostly used in ―work-related and survival-oriented language teaching programs for adults. Since the 1990s CBLT has been seen as the state-of -the-art approach to adult ESL. Recently, it has reemerged in some parts of the world as a major approach to the panning of language programs. Competency-based Language Teaching is designed not around the notion of subject knowledge but around the notion of competency. Criterion-based assessment is essential for CBLT. Students have to perform specific language skills which they have already learned during the course.CBLT shares with behaviorist views of learning the notion that language form can be inferred from language function; that is, certain life encounters call for certain kinds of language. Central to both L & L theory is the view that language can be functionally analyzed into appropriate parts and subparts: that such parts and subparts can be taught (and tested) incrementally. CBLT takes a "mosaic" approach to LL in that the "whole" (communicative competence) is constructed from smaller components correctly assembled. CBLT is built around the notion of CC and seeks to develop functional communication skills in learners. CBLT thus shares some features with CLT.CBLT seeks to develop students' competencies from what they know about language to what they do with it, especially essential skills, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors required for effective performance of a real-world task or activity. The final goal is to enable students to become autonomous individuals capable of coping with the demands of the world.The eight features of CBLT: (1) a focus on successful functioning in society. (2) a focus on life skills to determine. (3) task-or performance-centered orientation. (4) modularized instruction. (5) outcomes that are made explicit a priori. (6) continuous and ongoing assessment. (7) demonstrated mastery of performance objectives. (8) individualized, student- centered instruction.)7.Analyze the teacher's role(s)in The Audiolingual Method.（分数：15.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(The teacher's role is central and active. It is the teacher who always dominates the class. The teachers models the target language, controls the direction and pace of learning,and monitors and corrects the learner's performance.Materials in the audiolingual Method are primarily teacher-oriented. The teacher's book contains the structured sequence of lesson to be followed, and the dialogues, drill, and other practice activities.)8.Explain the concept of The Monitor Hypothesis.（分数：15.00）_________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________。

2015年北京师范大学文学理论考研真题,心得分享,考研笔记,复试真题

1/7【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年北京师范大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

936文学理论与外国文学史(含比较文学)文学理论新编童庆炳主编北京师范大学出版社2010年2月第3版936文学理论与外国文学史(含比较文学)外国文学史（西方卷）匡兴主编北京师范大学出版社2010年2月版936文学理论与外国文学史(含比较文学)《东方文学史通论》（增订版）王向远高等教育出版社2013年版936文学理论与外国文宏观比较文学讲演录王向远广西师范大学出版社2008年2/7【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：2学史(含比较文学)936文学理论与外国文学史(含比较文学)中国古代文论教程李壮鹰高等教育出版社2005年版3/7【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 3小作文技巧为先文采其次根据《考研英语大纲》规定，从2005年取消了听力之后，考研英语作文就有两类了，一个大作文，另一个是新增的小作文（10分）。

英语一的大作文为图画作文（20分），英语二的为图表作文（15分）。

其中的小作文，多是辞职信、道歉信、感谢信等应用文体，它的形式是给出提示要点，要求考生根据要求表达清楚要点。

它的评分重点在于信息点的覆盖；内容的组织，语言的准确性；格式及语域的恰当。

鉴于小作文不需要华丽的词藻和吸引阅卷人眼球的文采，只要掌握一定的方法技巧，在格式、语言和要点等方面下足功夫，拿到理想的分数还是不难的。

下面就为2015年考研的同学们提供以下小作文写作技巧。

一、格式1.称呼：英语应用文称呼有这样的特点：1）如果是不认识的人，一般称呼为敬词+尊称。

2015年北京师范大学考博英语真题

2015年北京师范大学考博英语真题(总分68, 做题时间90分钟)1. Reading ComprehensionThe human ear contains the organ for hearing and the organ for balance. Both organs involve fluid-filled channels containing hair cells that produce electrochemical impulses when the hairs are stimulated by moving fluid. The ear can be divided into three regions: outer, middle, and inner. The outer ear collects sound waves and directs them to the eardrum separating the outer ear from the middle ear. The middle ear conducts sound vibrations through three small bones to the inner ear. The inner ear is a network of channels containing fluid that moves in response to sound or movement. To perform the function of hearing, the ear converts the energy of pressure waves moving through the air into nerve impulses that me brain perceives as sound. Vibrating objects, such as the vocal cords of a speaking person, create waves in me surrounding air. These waves cause the eardrum to vibrate with the same frequency. The three bones of the middle ear amplify and transmit the vibrations to the oval window, a membrane on the surface of the cochlea, the organ of hearing. Vibrations of me oval window produce pressure waves in the fluid inside me cochlea. Hair cells in the cochlea convert the energy of the vibrating fluid into impulses that travel along the auditory nerve to the brain. The organ for balance is also located in the inner ear. Sensations related to body position are generated much like sensations of sound. Hair cells in the inner ear respond to changes in head position with respect to gravity and movement. Gravity is always pulling down on the hairs, sending a constant series of impulses to the brain. When the position of the head changes—as when the head bends forward—the force on the hair cells changes its output of nerve impulses. The brain then interprets these changes to determine the head's new position.1.What can be inferred about the organs for hearing and balance?A Both organs evolved in humans at the same time.B Both organs send nerve impulses to the brain.C Both organs contain the same amount of fluid.D Both organs are located in me ear's middle region.2.Hearing involves all of the following EXCEPT______.A motion of the vocal cords so that they vibrateB stimulation of hair cells in fluid-filled channelsC amplification of sound vibrationsD conversion of wave energy into nerve impulses3.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the cochlea is a part of______.A the outer earB me eardrumC the middle earD the inner ear4.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 about gravity?A Gravity has an essential role in the sense of balance.B The ear converts gravity into sound waves in the air.C Gravity is a force that originates in the human ear.D The organ for hearing is not subject to gravity.5.In this passage, the author mainly explains______.A the organs of the human earB the function of the hearingC the three regions of the earD how the ear organ performs the hearing and balanceThe geology of the Earth's surface is dominated by the particular properties of water. Present on Earth in solid, liquid, and gaseous states, water is exceptionally reactive. It dissolves, transports, and precipitates many chemical compounds andis constantly modifying the face of the Earth. Evaporated from the oceans, water vapor forms clouds, some of which are transported by wind over the continents. Condensation from the clouds provides the essential agent of continental erosion: rain. Precipitated onto the ground, the water trickles down to form brooks, streams, and rivers, constituting what is called the hydrographic network. This immense polarized network channels the water toward a single receptacle: an ocean. Gravity dominates this entire step in the cycle because water tends to minimize its potential energy by running from high altitudes toward the reference point that is sea level. The rate at which a molecule of water passes through the cycle is not random butis a measure of the relative size of the various reservoirs. If we define residence time as the average time for a water molecule to pass through one of the three reservoirs—atmosphere, continent, and ocean—we see that the times are very different. A water molecule stays, on an average, eleven days in the atmosphere, one hundred years on a continent and forty thousand years in the ocean. This last figure shows the importance of the ocean as the principal reservoir of the hydrosphere but also the rapidity of water transport on the continents. A vast chemical separation process takes places during the flow of water over the continents. Soluble ions such as calcium, sodium, potassium, and some magnesium are dissolved and transported. Insoluble ions such as aluminum, iron, and silicon stay where they are and form the thin, fertile skin of soil on which vegetation can grow. Sometimessoils are destroyed and transported mechanically during flooding. The erosion of the continents thus results from two closely linked and interdependent processes, chemical erosion and mechanical erosion. Their respective interactions and efficiency depend on different factors.6.According to the passage, clouds are primarily formed by water______.A precipitating onto the groundB changing from a solid to a liquid stateC evaporating from the oceansD being carried by wind7.The passage suggests that the purpose of the "hydrographic network" is to______.A determine the size of molecules of waterB prevent soil erosion caused by floodingC move water from the Earth's surface to the oceansD regulate the rate of water flow from streams and rivers8.What determines the rate at which a molecule of water moves through the cycle, as discussed in the third paragraph?A The potential energy contained in water.B The effects of atmospheric pressure on chemical compounds.C The amounts of rainfall that fall on the continents.D The relative size of the water storage areas.9.All of the following are examples of soluble ions EXCEPT______.A magnesiumB ironC potassiumD calcium10.The word "efficiency" in line 21 is closest in meaning to______.A relationshipB growthC influenceD effectivenessScientists have long understood that supermassive black holes weighing millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black hotels gravity pulls harder on the nearest part of the star, an imbalance that pulls the star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough. Scientists say this uneven pulling is not the only hazard facing the star. The strain of these unbalanced forces can also trigger a nuclear explosion powerful enough to destroy the star from within. Matthieu Brassart and Jean-Pierre Luminet of the Observatoire de Paris in Meudon, France, carried out computer simulations of the final moments of such anunfortunate star's life, as it veered towards a supermassive black hole. When the star gets close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape. Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would be complicated by shock waves generated during the flattening process and that no nuclear explosion should occur. The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and found that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. " There will be an explosion of the star — it will be completely destroyed," Brassart says. Although the explosion obliterates the star, it saves some of the star's matter from being devoured by the black hole. The explosion is powerful enough to hurl much of the star's matter out of the black hole's reach, he says. The devouring of stars by black holes may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought mat several months after the event that rips the star apart, its matter starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays. If stars disrupted near black holes really do explode, then they could in principle allow these events to be detected at a much earlier stage, says Jules Hatpern of Columbia University in New York, US2. "It may make it possible to see the disruption of that star immediately if it gets hot enough," he says. Brassart agrees. "Perhaps it can be observed in the X-rays and gamma rays, but it's something that needs to be more studied," he says. Supernova researcher Chris Fryer of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, US3, says the deaths of these stars are difficult to simulate, and he is not sure whether the researchers have proven their case that they explode in the process.11.Something destructive could happen to a star that gets too close to a black hole. Which of the following destructive statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A The black hole could tear apart the star.B The black hole could trigger a nuclear explosion in the star.C The black hole could dwindle its size considerably.D The black hole could devour the star.12.According to the third paragraph, researchers differed from each other in the problem of ______.A whether nuclear reaction would occurB whether the stars would increase its density and temperatureC whether shock waves would occurD whether the uneven forces would flatten the stars13.According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?A No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside the star.B The star would be destroyed completely.C Much of the star's matter thrown by the explosion would be beyond the black hole's reach.D The black hole would completely devour the star.14.What will happen several months after the explosion of the star?A The star's matter will move further away from by the black hole.B The black hole's matter will heat up.C The torn star's matter will swirl into the black hole.D The black hole's matter will release ultraviolet light and X-rays.15.According to the context, the word "disruption" in Paragraph 6 means______.A confusionB tearing apartC interruptionD flatteningOur culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one's side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell. Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that " Gift" means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm's length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable. Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are making us lose friends, business and respect in the world. Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them. When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. Then attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer —who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters. For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all America is the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor needed funds and goods. But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a moresignificant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.16.It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably______.A stand stillB jump asideC step forwardD draw back17.The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their______.A cultural self-centerednessB casual mannersC indifference towards foreign visitorsD arrogance towards other countries18.In countries other than their own most Americans______.A are isolated by the local peopleB are not well informed due to the language barrierC tend to get along well with the nativesD need interpreters in hotels and restaurants19.According to the author, Americans' cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will______.A affect their image in the new eraB cut themselves off from the outside worldC limit their role in world affairsD weaken the position of the US dollar20.The author's intention in writing this article is to make Americans realizethat______.A it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD it is time to get acquainted with other culturesHistorians have only recently begun to note the increase in demand for luxury goods and services that took place in 18th-century England. McKendrick has explored the Wedgwood firm's remarkable success in marketing luxury pottery; Plumb has written about the proliferation of provincial theaters, musical festivals, and children's toys and books. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: Who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effects of the new demand for luxuries? An answer to the first of these hasbeen difficult to obtain. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufactures and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. We still need to know how large this consumer market was and how far down the social scale the consumer demand for luxury goods penetrated. With regard to this last question, we might note in passing that Thompson, while rightly restoring laboring people to the stage of 18th-century English history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist consumerism in general; for example, laboring people in eighteenth-century England readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries. To answer the question of why consumers became so eager to buy, some historians have pointed to the ability of manufacturers to advertise in a relatively uncensored press. This, however, hardly seems a sufficient answer. McKendrick favors a Veblen model of conspicuous consumption stimulated by competition for status. The "middling sort" bought goods and services because they wanted to follow fashions set by the rich. Again, we may wonder whether this explanation is sufficient. Do not people enjoy buying things as a form of self-gratification? If so, consumerism could be seen as a product of the rise of new concepts of individualism and materialism(a preoccupation with or stress upon material rather than intellectual or spiritual things), but not necessarily of the frenzy for conspicuous competition. Finally, what were the consequences of this consumer demand for luxuries? McKendrick claims that it goes a long way toward explaining the coming of the Industrial Revolution. But does it? What, for example, does the production of high-quality pottery and toys have to do with the development of iron manufacture or textile mills? It is perfectly possible to have the psychology and reality of a consumer society without a heavy industrial sector. That future exploration of these key questions is undoubtedly necessary should not, however, diminish the force of the conclusion of recent studies: the insatiable demand in eighteenth-century England for frivolous as well as useful goods and services foreshadows our own world.21.In the first paragraph, the author mentions McKendrick and Plumb most probably in order to ______.A contrast their views on the subject of luxury consumerism in 18th-century EnglandB indicate the inadequacy of historiographical approaches to 18th-century English historyC give examples of historians who have helped to establish the fact of growing consumerism in 18th-century EnglandD support the contention that key questions about 18th-century consumerism remain to be answered22.Which of the following items, if preserved from 18th-century England, would provide an example of the kind of documents mentioned in lines 3-4, Paragraph 2?A A written agreement between a supplier of raw materials and a supplier of luxury goods.B A diary that mentions luxury goods and services purchased by its author.C A theater ticket stamped with the date and name of a particular play.D A payroll record from a company that produced luxury goods such as pottery.23.According to the text, Thompson attributes to laboring people in 18th-century England which of the following attitudes toward capitalist consumerism?A Enthusiasm.B Curiosity.C Ambivalence.D Hostility.24.In the third paragraph, the author is primarily concerned with______.A contrasting two theses and offering a compromiseB questioning two explanations and proposing a possible alternative to themC paraphrasing the work of two historians and questioning their assumptionsD examining two theories and endorsing one over the other25.According to the text, 18th-century England and the contemporary world of the text readers are______.A dissimilar in the extent to which luxury consumerism could be said to be widespread among the social classesB dissimilar in their definitions of luxury goods and servicesC dissimilar in the extent to which luxury goods could be said to be stimulant of industrial developmentD similar in their strong demand for a variety of goods and servicesPity those who aspire to put the initials PhD after their names. After 16 years of closely supervised education, prospective doctors of philosophy are left more or less alone to write the equivalent of a large book. Most social-science postgraduates have still not completed their theses by the time their grant runs out after three years. They must then get a job and finish in their spare time, which can often take a further three years. By then, most new doctors are sick to death of the narrowly defined subject which has blighted their holidays and ruined their evenings. The Economic and Social Research Council, which gives grants to postgraduate social scientists, wants to get better value for money by cutting short this agony. It would like to see faster completion rates; until recently, only about 25% of PhD candidates were finishing within four years. The ESRC's response has been to stop PhD grants to all institutions where the proportion taking less than four years is below 10% ; in the first year of this policy the national average shot up to 39%. The ESRC feels vindicated in its toughness, and will progressively raise the threshold to 40% in two years. Unless completion rates improve further, this would exclude 55 out of 73 universities and polytechnics — including Oxford University, the London Schoolof Economics and the London Business School. Predictably, howls of protest have come from the universities, who view the blacklisting of whole institutions as arbitrary and negative. They point out that many of the best students go quickly into jobs where they can apply their research skills, but consequently take longer to finis their theses. Polytechnics with as few as two PhD candidates complain that they are penalized by random fluctuations in student performance. The colleges say there is no hard evidence to prove that faster completion rates result from greater efficiency rather than lower standards or less ambitious doctoral topics. The ESRC thinks it might not be a bad thing if PhD students were more modest in their aims. It would prefer to see more systematic teaching of research skills and fewer unrealistic expectations placed on young men and women who are undertaking their first piece of serious research. So in future its grants will be given only where it is convinced that students are being trained as researchers, rather than carrying out purely knowledge-based studies. The ESRC can not dictate the standard of thesis required by external examiners, or force departments to give graduates more teaching time. The most it can do is to try to persuade universities to change their ways. Recalcitrant professors should note that students want more research training and a less elaborate style of thesis, too.26.By time new doctors get a job and try to finish their theses in spare time, ______.A most of them died of some sicknessB their holidays and evenings have been ruined by their jobsC most of them are completely tired of the narrowly defined subjectD most of their grants run out27.Oxford University would be excluded out of those universities that receive PhD grants from ESRC, because the completion rate of its PhD students' theses within four years is lower than ______.A 25%B 40%C 39%D 10%28.All the following statements are the arguments against ESRC's policy EXCEPT______.A all the institutions on the blacklist are arbitrary and negativeB there is no hard evidence to prove that faster completion rates result from greater efficiency rather than lower standards or less ambitious doctoral topicsC many of the best students go quickly into jobs where they can apply their research skills, but consequently take longer to finish their diesesD some polytechnics are penalized by random fluctuations in student performance29.The ESRC would prefer______.A that me students were carrying out purely knowledge-based studies rather than being trained as researchersB to see higher standards of PhD students' theses and more ambitious doctoral topicsC more systematic teaching of research skills to fewer unrealistic expectations placed on inexperienced young PhD studentsD that PhD students were less modest in their aims30.What the ESRC can do is to______.A force departments to give graduates more teaching timeB try to persuade universities to change their waysC dictate me standard of diesis required by external examinersD note mat students want more research training and less elaborate style of thesis2. English-Chinese Translation1.Washington Irving grasped this fact nearly a hundred years ago when he wrote: "The stranger who would form a correct opinion of English character must go forth into the country. He must sojourn in villages and hamlets; he must visit castles, villas, farmhouses, cottages; he must wander through parks and gardens, along hedges and green lanes; he must loiter about country churches, attend wakes and fairs and other rural festivals, and cope with me people in all their conditions and all their habits and humors. "2.The impact of decentralization trends, of course, extends well beyond cities. Sprawling development patterns are destabilizing many of the suburbs that surround America's cities. Older suburbs are experiencing the same challenges as cities: failing schools, persistent crime, and the loss of jobs and businesses to other, further out suburbs. Even suburban areas that are developing rapidly are finding that explosive growth has its drawbacks, especially in the form of overcrowded schools, but also in long commutes and the inability of local governments to pay for new roads, sewers, and other infrastructure.3. Chinese-English Translation1.发展中国家的人们若为移民问题操心，往往是想到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学去创造自己最辉煌的未来。

2015年北京师范大学日语翻译硕士考研真题分享笔记

全心全意因才思教2015年北京师范大学日语翻译硕士考研真题分享笔记各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京师范大学的翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的考研真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

现在考研刚刚结束，趁还记得过来写一下，可能有些地方记不太清楚，但还是希望能对一些朋友有用，也算是表表心意，不足之处还望多多指教~~（721）基础英语一. 完形填空（20分）一篇短文，挖出20个空，讲learning second language 对人大脑的好处，没有选项，没有首字母提示，全凭上下文分析，应该能填出来，只是不确定是否为最佳答案，难度不是很大。

二. 阅读一（18分） heading搭配，多给了两个备选项，讲的是一个小型电影节三. 阅读二（18分）段落排序，原文少了六个段落，给了七个选项，选进去，讲的是一些科学结论及research可信性，大家要学会辨别四. 阅读三（24分）两道主观大题，一道12分，文章讲thinking分三个level，第一题阐释三个level是什么，并自己举例，第二大题elaborate作者最后一句话五. 翻译（30分）一段比较formal的文章，从中截取了五六个长句子，讲的是在学校实行的种族隔离对儿童的影响，号召取消这样的隔离六. 作文（40分）encouraging young people that they can accomplish great things if they try hard enough is misleading and potentially harmful 谈谈你的看法全心全意因才思教（941）英语语言文学一. 单选（10分）唯一的五道选择题，范围比较宽，比如说以下作品共有的特点（lyrical啊，还是ballad之类的），或是以下五位作者属于哪个时代，还出了一个Emerson的self-reliance的小选段，分析作者这样说的意义等等（以前没看过也没关系，和阅读题一样直接分析就行）总之这五道应该是把基础知识看了就差不多。

2015年北京师范大学外国语言文学学院考研真题,考研笔记,复试流程,考研经验

1/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年北京师范大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

专业代码、名称及研究方向招生人数考试科目备注011外国语言文学学院外文学院不公布、不出售历年的考研试题。

接收推免生比例为50%左右。

050201英语语言文学1301英美文学①101思想政治理论②243日语或244法语③721基础英语④941英语语言文学02翻译理论与实践同上2/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2050202俄语语言文学901俄苏文学①101思想政治理论②241英语或243日语或244法语③761基础俄语④944俄语语言文学02俄语教学同上050205日语语言文学901日本文化①101思想政治理论②241英语或244法语③741基础日语④943日语语言文学02日本文学同上03日语语言与教学同上050211外国语言学243/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 3及应用语言学01语言学①101思想政治理论②243日语或244法语③721基础英语④942英语语言学及应用语言学02英语教学理论与实践同上这里所指的捷径并不是“速成班”、“点金法”，而是合理步骤，让你能够达到“事半功倍”。

相信现在还有很多同学仍然没有确定自己的目标专业院校，一直抱着等等看或者船到桥头自然直的态度，就这么在摸索中复习着。

虽然，我们也是在学习，在进步，但是这种指向性不明确针对性不准确的复习，肯定会消耗掉我们的一些精力和时间。

只有目标明确，才能有的放矢，事半功倍。

4/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 4尽早确定目标专业院校有很多同学认识不到目标对于行为指导的意义，以及对成功的重大影响力，也有同学自认为确定了目标，具体问了才知道原来所谓的目标就是考研，这个目标太宽泛了，指导不了我们的行为，起码不能很好的指导我们。

2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研经验,考研真题,考研参考书

2015年北京师范大学翻译硕士MTI考研经验、考研参考书北师大15年招生计划为70人，全部为笔译。

保送占50%左右，即35人左右，但最终保研只录取了16人，由此可见保送情况并非特别好。

15年报考人数为180人左右，招收人数除去保送名额后为54人，报录比约为3.5:1。

面试人数为80,差额率为1.48。

据说16年将继续扩招，招生人数将达到100人左右，从这个角度而言，16年的竞争应该不至于太过激烈。

特别注意的是北师大最终于录取规则为，总分=(211翻译硕士英语成绩+357英语翻译基础成绩）乘以某个系数+复试成绩，择优录取。

可见，政治和百科只是在进入复试时可以助你一臂之力，一旦进入复试后，这两门课的成绩就没有用了。

因此，最理想的情况是各科过线的前提下，这两门课的分数越低，专业课分数越高，越好。

但这显然不现实。

我们要做的是，在这两门课上投入合理的时间，同时掌握高效的方法，事半功倍地拿下这两门课。

关于复习计划，必定是因人而异，根据我的复习经验给大家提两个建议：1.弄清自己的优劣势，合理的把时间向劣势科目倾斜。

比如你汉译英比较弱，那就可能需要保证每天一篇汉译英的量；比如你政治从来没有听过课，那么别人十月，十一月才开始复习政治，你可能在暑假就需要开始带着看一些。

笨鸟先飞但天道酬勤。

2.—定要有计划。

把每天各个时段要做什么事情，打印在纸上，慢慢调整，直到制定出一个合适自己的计划。

比如你计划七月看完《高级英语1》，那么每天安排两个小时来看，应该看多少，如果发现自己看不完，就减少些，反之就増加些，一直到合适为止。

只有有了这样一个明确的计划，你才知道每天自己在做什么，还有什么没有做，这样效率才更高。

磨刀不误砍柴工，在复习初期，花几天时间捋捋思路，制定一个复习计划，是非常值得的。

首先给大家介绍一下政治科目的复习资料吧。

强化复习阶段(第一轮复习，准备选择题）资料：肖秀荣的《知识点精讲精练》，但是马哲部分不要看这一本。

术业有专攻，肖老师主要研究方向是毛中特，他书中的马原部分讲解得不是太好。