美国文学第6章whitman,Dickinson

合集下载

单选题美国文学

1. William Faulkner is the author of ______. Ba. Far From the Madding Crowdb. Sound and Furyc. For Whom the Bell Tollsd. Scarlet Letter2. Robert Frost is a famous_______. Ca. novelistb. playwrightc. poetd. literary critic3. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by ________. Da. Jack Londonb. Charles Dickensc. Samuel Coleridged. Earnest Hemingway4. The great transcendental work by Henry David Thoreau is______. Ba. Natureb. Waldenc. Experienced. Essays5. Mark Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a combination of_____and serious literature. Aa. American folk humorb. funny jokesc. English folklored. American values6. I Have a Dream is addressed by _____. Ca. Abraham Lincolnb. John F. Kennedyc. Martin Luther Kingd. Ralph Waldo Emerson7. The period from 1865—1914 has been referred to as the _______in the literary history of the United States. Aa. Age of Realismb. Age of Classicalismc. Age of Romanticismd. Age of Renaissance8. With “Collected Poems”, ______won the second Pulitzer Prize. Ca. Ezra Pondb. e. e. cummingsc. Robert Frostd. William Cullen Bryant9. Moby Dick is the most important work by ______. Ba. Jack Londonb. Herman Melvillec. Sinclair Lewisd. Ralph Ellison10. O. Henry earned his fame mainly for his ______. Ca. novelsb. poemsc. short storiesd. dramas11. ______ is NOT a novel of Francis Scott Fitzgerald. Ba. Tender Is the Nightb. Anna Christiec. The Beautiful and Dammedd. The Great Gatsby12. The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to ______for his “mastery of the art of modern narration”. Da. William Faulknerb. John Steinbeckc. Saul Bellowd. Earnest Hemingway13. Sister Carrie is a masterpiece of _______work. Da. romanticb. classicc. neo-classicd. naturalistic14. The Road Not Taken is a poem written by ______. Aa. Robert Frostb. Longfellowc. Ezra Pondd. Carl Sandburg15. T. S. Eliot’s most famous long poem is ______. Ca. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrockb. A Boy’s Willc. The Waste Landd. The Golden Bough16. Daisy Miller is a great work by _____. Aa. Henry Jamesb. Mark Twainc. Dreiserd. Stowe17. The black man Jim is a character in Mark Twain’s _______. Ba. The Adventures of Tom Sawyerb. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnc. Life on the Mississippid. The Prince and the Pauper18. The Grapes of Wrath is the masterpiece of ______. Aa. John Steinbeckb. John Cheeverc. John Updiked. John Dos Passos19. The image of the famous “henpecked husband” is created by_____. Aa. Washington Irvingb. Fennimore Cooperc. Edith Whartond. William Dean Howells20. _____was the most important person of the transcendental club. Ca. Hawthornb. Whitmanc. Emersond. Thoreau21．Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT_____. Aa. a strict poetic formb. a simple and conversational languagec. a free and natural rhythmic patternd. an easy flow of feelings22．The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______. A a. 1820 b. 1850c. 1880d. 192023．The publication of _______ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of the New England Transcendentalism. Aa. Natureb. Self-Reliancec. The Over-Sould. The American Scholar24．Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ____. Aa. Ezra Poundb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Robert Frostd. Emily Dickinson25．______is NOT written by Edgar Allan Poe. Da. The Ravenb. Annabel Leec. The Fall of the House of Usherd. Song to Celia(C) 26. In addition to Nature, Ralph Waldo Emerson is also noted for his famous essay, ___, which has often been called the second American Declaration of Independence---a declaration of cultural independence for the United States.A. The DialB. The Divinity School AddressC. The American ScholarD. The Over-Soul(D) 27. Which of the following is NOT written by Nathaniel Hawthorne?A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet LettersC. Young Goodman BrownD. Self-Reliance(A) 28. In his ___ and ___, Mark Twain shows his nostalgic recollections of his early boyhood.A. Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB. Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Gilded AgeC. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Gilded AgeD. Life on the Mississippi and The Gilded Age(C) 29. One of the differences between Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson is their intention of writing poems. Emily Dickinson wrote poems chiefly for ___.A. displaying her poetic talentB. expressing her view on public affairsC. psychological therapyD. wide reputation(C) 30. ___ by Theodore Dreiser is a story , tracing the material rise of an actress and the tragic decline of a man who used to give the actress indispensable help.A. An American TragedyB. Trilogy of DesireC. Sister CarrieD. Nigger Jeff(D) 31. Hemingway used Gertrude Stein's remark that "You are all a lost generation." as a motto in his novel________.A. For Whom the Bell TollsB. The Old Man and the SeaC. A Farewell to ArmsD. The Sun Also Rises(B) 32. In 1920, Fitzgerald's first novel _______ was published, which brought him, not only reputation, wealth but also Zelda, an embodiment of his romantic notions of a Southern Belle.A. The Great GatsbyB. This Side of ParadiseC. The Beautiful and DamnedD. Tender is the Night(C) 33. Ezra pound wrote 70 books of his own, and edited 70 books of other writers. His major work of poetry is _____, a long poem which he worked on over a long period of time , and which traces the rise and fall of eastern and western empires.A. Make It NewB. The ABC of ReadingC. The CantosD. In a Station of the Metro(A) 34. Which is of the following poems is NOT composed by Robert Frost?A. SuccessB. After Apple - PickingC. The Road Not TakenD. Mending Wall35. Mark Twain created, in____________, a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of world literature. AA. Huckleberry FinnB. Tom SawyerC. The Man That Corrupted HadleyburgD. The Gilded Age36. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain. DA. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham37. With William Dean Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century. CA. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism38. Ezra Pound' s long poem____________ contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected. BA. The Waste LandB. The CantosC. Don JuanD. Queen Mab39. The Fitzgeralds lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scoot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and traveling. It was this living style that nicknamed the decade of the 1920s as ______. BA. The Roaring TwentiesB. The Jazz AgeC. The Dollar DecadeD. all of the above40. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplisheda revolution in literary style and language. DA. James JoyceB. Ezra PoundC. Thomas Stearns EliotD. all of the above41. __________ tells the Joad family's life from the time they were evicted from their farm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California. BA. Of Mice and MenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The Great GatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls42. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of Enlightenment. ______43. The short story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” is taken from Irving’s work46．Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in _____ and50. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes52. _____ is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow stepped outside the main55. From Thoreau’s jail experience, came his famous essay, _____ which states his belief that no man should violate his conscience at the command of a government. CA. WaldenB. NatureC. Civil DisobedienceD. Common Sense56. Most of the poems in Whitman’s Leaves of Grass sing of the “en-mass” and the1620 and arrived in the present Provincetown harbor on November 21 in the sameyear. This ship was named ____________. Ba. The Pilgrimsb. Mayflowerc. Americad. Titanic59. _________ was the first American writer to write entirely American literature. Ca. Anne Bradstreetb. Washington Irvingc. Mark Twaind. Ernest Hemingway60. _______ was the leader of American transcendentalism. Ca. Benjamin Franklinb. Washington Irvingc. Ralph Waldo Emersond. Henry David Thoreau61._________ is father of the detective story and of psychoanalytic criticism. Da. Washington Irvingb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Walt Whitmand. Edgar Allan Poe63. Which of the following is a naturalistic writer? Da. William Dean Howellsb. Mark Twainc. Ernest Hemingwayd.Theodore Dreiser64. Hemingway wrote about American compatriots in Europe whereas ________wrote about the Jazz age, life in American society. Da.William Carlos Williamsb. William Faulknerc. John Steinbeckd. F. Scott Fitzgerald65. Dreiser’s Tri logy of Desire includes three novels. They are The Financier, The Titan and_____ .A. The GeniusB. The TycoonC. The StoicD. The Giant66. The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American___________ .A. local colorismB. vernacularismC. modernismD. naturalism67. Robert Frost combined traditional verse forms -the sonnet, rhyming couplets, blank verse -with a clear American local speech rhythm, the speech of _______farmers with its idiosyncratic diction and syntax.A. SouthernB. WesternC. New HampshireD. New England68. Apart from the dislocation of time and the modern stream-of-consciousness, the other narrative techniques Faulkner used to construct his stories include_________,symbolism and mythological and biblical allusions.A. impressionismB. expressionismC. multiple points of viewD. first person point of view69. One of the characteristics that have made Mark Twain a major literary figure in the 19th century America is his use of____________ .A. vernacularB. interior monologueC. point of viewD. photographic description70. It is on his____________ that Washington Irving’s fame mainly rested.A. childhood recollectionsB. sketches about his European toursC. early poetryD. tales about America71. As a philosophical and literary movement, the main issues involved in the debate of Transcendentalism are generally concerning ____________________.A. nature, man and the universeB. the relationship between man and womanC. the development of Romanticism in American literatureD. the cold, rigid rationalism of Unitarianism72. About the novel The Scarlet Letter, which of the following statements is NOT right?A. It’s very hard to say that it is a love story or a story of sin.B. It’s a highly symbolic story and the author is a master of symbolism.C. It’s mainly about the moral, emotional and psychological effects of the sinupon the main characters and the people in general.D. In it the letter A takes the same symbolic meaning throughout the novel.73. The great sea adventure story Moby-Dick is usually considered____________.A. a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe.B. an adventurous exploration into man’s relationship with natureC. a simple whaling tale or sea adventureD. a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the artistic truth and beauty74. In his poems, Walt Whitman is innovative in the terms of the form of his poetry, which is called “____________________.”A. free verseB. blank verseC. alliterationD. end rhyming75. Which of the following is said of the American naturalism?A. They preferred to have their own region and people at the forefront of the stories.B. Their characteristic setting is usually an isolated town.C. Humans should be united because they had to adapt themselves to changing harshenvironment.D. Their characters were conceived more or less complex combinations of inheritedattributes, their habits conditioned by social and economic forces.76. Which of the following is not right about Mark Twain’s style of language?A. His sentence structures are long, ungrammatical and difficult to read.B. His words are colloquial, concrete and direct in effect.C. His humor is remarkable and characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration，repetition and anti-climax.D. His style of language had exerted rather deep influence on the contemporary writers.77. As a great innovator in American literature, Walt Whitman wrote his poetry in anunconventional style which is now called free verse, that is _________.A. lyrical poetry with chanting refrainsB. poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme schemeC. poetry without rhymes at the end of the lines but with a fixed beatD. poetry in an irregular metric form and expressing noble feelings78. In his poetry, Robert Frost made the colloquial ______ speech into a poetic expression.A. EnglandB. New EnglandC. PlymouthD. Boston79. Which of the following statements is right about Robert Frost’s poetry?A. He combined traditional verse forms with the difficult and highly ornamental language.B. He combined traditional verse forms with the pastoral language of the Southern area.C. He combined traditional verse forms with a simple spoken language-the speech ofNew England farmers.D. He combined traditional verse forms with the experimental.80. Which of the following is not written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the best-known American authors of the 20th century?A. The Sun Also Rises.B. The Old Man and the Sea.C. Mosses From the Old Manse.D. The Green Hills of Africa.81. Which of the following is not a work of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s?A. The House of the Seven Gables.B. The Blithedale Romance.C. The Marble Faun.D.White Jacket.82. In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as ______________.A. commentatorsB. observersC. villainsD. saviors83. Besides sketches, tales and essays, Washington Irving also published a book on ______, which is also considered an important part of his creative writing.A. poetic theoryB. French artC. history of New YorkD. life of George Washington84. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______ at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmes as "Our intellectual Declaration of Independence."A. "Nature"B. "Self-Reliance"C. "Divinity School Address"D. "The American Scholar"85. Which of the following statements about writers in 1920s is true?A. Mark Twain published his last and most important novel.B. F. Scott Fitzgerald received the Nobel Prize.C. Freudian psychology influenced many modern writers.D. Most writers were politically radical.86. In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is_______________.A. Washington IrvingB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Walt Whitman87. The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his“black vision．”The Term “black vision” refers to______________.A. Hawthorne's observation that every man faces a black WallB. Hawthorne's belief that all men are by nature evilC. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his storyD. that Puritans of Hawthorne's time usually wore black clothes88. In__________, Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whether he will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.A. “After Apple-Picking”B. “The Road NOt Taken”C. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”D. “Fire and Ice”89. The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the_______ in the American literary history．A. individual feelingB. survival of the fittestC. strong imaginationD. return to nature90. Generally speaking，all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be_____.A. transcendentalistsB. optimistsC. pessimistsD. idealists91. American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were(a) “_______,” devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization．A. Lost GenerationB. Beat GenerationC. Sons of LibertyD. Angry Young Men92. Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely Characters in_______.A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet LetterC. The Portrait of a LadyD. The pioneers93. In his realistic fiction, Henry James's primary concern is to present the_________.A. inner life of human beingsB. American Civil War and its effectsC. life on the Mississippi RiverD. Calvinistic view of original Sin94. American Romanticism stretches from the end of the ________ century through the outbreak of ______.A. 18th, the Civil WarB. 18th, the War of IndependenceC. 19th, WWID. 19th, WWII95. _________ believes that the chief aim of literary creation is beauty, and “the death of a beautiful woman is, unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world.”A. Walt WhitmanB. Edgar Allen PoeC. Anne BradstreetD. Ralph Waldo Emerson96. Which is generally regarded as the manifesto and the Bible of American Transcendentalism?A. Thoreau’s WaldenB.Emerson’s NatureC. Poe’s Poetic PrincipleD. Thoreau’s Nature97. Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.A. WaldenB. The PioneersC. NatureD. "Song of Myself"98. ‘Leaves of Grass’ commands great attention because of its uniqu ely poeticembodiment of________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.A. the democratic idealsB. the romantic idealsC. the self-reliance spiritsD. the religious ideals99. ________is the author of the work “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”.A. Washington IrvingB. James JoyceC. Walt WhitmanD. William Butler Yeats100. After "The Adventure of Tom Sawyer", Twain gives a literary independence to Tom’s buddy Huck in a book called_________, and the book from which "all modern American literature comes".A. Life on the Mississippi RiverB. The Gilded AgeC. Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD. The Sun Also Rises101. The greatest work written by Theodore Dreiser is__________.A. Sister CarrieB. An American TragedyC. The FinancierD. The Titan102. We can perhaps summarize that Walt Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features except that they are _______________.A. conversational and crudeB. lyrical and well-structuredC. simple and rather crudeD. free-flowing103. Who exerts the single most important influence on literary naturalism, of which Theodore Dreiser and Jack London are among the best representative writers?A. FreudB. Darwin.C. W.D. Howells. D. Emerson104. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his ____.A. international themeB. waste-land imageryC. local colorD. symbolism105. In Henry James’ Daisy Miller, the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of _______________.A. the force of conventionB. the free spirit of the New WorldC. the decline of aristocracyD. the corruption of the newly rich106. "Two roads diverged in a yellow wood / And sorry I could not travel both ..." In the above two lines of Robert Fros t’s The Road Not Taken, the poet, by implication, was referring to _______.A. a travel experienceB. a marriage decisionC. a middle-age crisisD. one’s course of life107. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is ____________.A. insignificantB. vicious by natureC. divineD. forward-looking108. The Publication of ______established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. The American ScholarD. The Over-Soul。

美国文学史及选读考研复习笔记6.

History And Anthology of American Literature （6）附：作者及作品一、殖民主义时期The Literature of Colonial America1．船长约翰·史密斯Captain John Smith《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》“A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony”《弗吉尼亚地图，附：一个乡村的描述》“A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country”《弗吉尼亚通史》“General History of Virginia”2．威廉·布拉德福德William Bradford《普利茅斯开发历史》“The History of Plymouth Plantation”3．约翰·温思罗普John Winthrop《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England”4．罗杰·威廉姆斯Roger Williams《开启美国语言的钥匙》”A Key into the Language of America”或叫《美洲新英格兰部分土著居民语言指南》Or “A Help to the Language of the Natives in That Part of America Called New England ”5．安妮·布莱德斯特Anne Bradstreet《在美洲诞生的第十个谬斯》”The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America”二、理性和革命时期文学The Literature of Reason and Revolution 1。

英美文学Chapter 6

Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking • A reminiscence of a childhood experience that can be split into three subsections: • 1,The mocking birds, a male and a female, happily sing together of ideal love and bliss 2,the he-bird, the lone singer of bereavement and lonesome love 3, the lone singer of death as the spiritual fulfillment of lonesome love • Two sets of symbols stand for the endless cycle: the sun and the moon, day and night, land and sea; life and physical, death and spiritual
Emily Dickinson
Emily Dickinson
• The loss of faith, the religious uncertainty harassed her. As she failed to confess herself Christian, she embraced poetic life. p97 • In an act of self-recognition, realizing that poetic interpretation of life conflicted with religious dogma, Dickinson affirmed her individuality and emerged a mature poet. p98 • The main themes: Death and immortality

Chapter6WhitmanPPT课件

6
(2) He advocates the realization of the individual value. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass sing of the "en-masse" and the self as well. (3) Pursuit of love and happiness is approved of repeatedly and affectionately in his lines. Sexual love, a rather taboo topic of the time, is displayed candidly as something adorable. The individual person and his desires must be respected.
2
Whitman's democratic ideals
Whitman's democratic ideas govern his poetrywriting. In his famous poetry, openness, freedom, and above all, individualism (the belief that the rights and freedom of individual people are most important) are all that concerned him. Whitman brings the hard-working farmers and laborers into American literature, attack the slavery system and racial discrimination.

Chapter6WaltWhitman

Emerson probably didn’t care much about knowing about Whitman’s long foreground, but he was right in assuming Whitman had lived a full and diverse life.
States themselves are essentially the greatest poem." • The volumes are a tribute to the country and to its people, especially the common working people.
Why were so many writers shocked by Whitman?
• “noxious weeds” “ poetry of barbarism”, “ a mass of stupid filth”
– His lack of regular rhyme and meter (free verse) and nontraditional poetic style and subject matter shocked more traditional writers.
• Longfellow, Holmes, and Lowell were equally unimpressed.
• Even Thoreau was appalled by Whitman’s poetry, and he was certainly no conformist!
• Whitman needed a boost—a way of getting his work recognized. He sent a free copy to Emerson.

whitman and dickinson 美国文学课件

The Eyes around—had wrung them dry— And Breaths were gathering firm For that last Onset—when the King Be witnessed—in the Room—
I willed my keepsakes—signed away What portion of me be Assignable—and then it was There interposed a Fly—
*
Except a spending
tah“lrlIefoeff-awhmeereelkifbterearevlocellnuignsieWvdealysto,hginmagrdetoenniDng.C.,
and writingIpcooeutsld, not escape her.”
* Experienced successive deaths during her life, which affected her deeply
Heart, We Will forget him
Heart, we will forget him, You and I, tonight! You must forget the warmth he gave, I will forget the light.
When you have done pray tell me, Then I, my thoughts, will dim. Haste! ‘lest while you’re lagging I may remember him!
With Blue-uncertain stumbling Buzz— Between the light—and me— And then the Windows failed—and then I could not see to see—

Chapter 6 Whitman Dickinson

Chapter 6 Whitman DickinsonI Walt Whitman1. Lifea.Born on Long Island, New Yorkb.left school at eleven to work as an office boy, first for a law firm and then for a newspaper.c.Although he had only a few years of formal education he was a rapid and eager reader.d.became a typesetter, began contributing short items to his own and other journals.e.When he was seventeen two big fires temporarily halted the development of the printingindustry in Brooklyn and Whitman was forced to return to his family’s farm.f.In 1855 he printed the edition of an electrifying book that made up the first edition of Leavesof Grass.g.He wrote over 400 poems in his life time.2. Worksa.Leaves of Grass草叶集(a collection of Whitman’s poetries. totally nine editions and lastedition includes more than 400 poemsb.His well-received poems:Song of the Broad-Axe阔斧之歌I hear America Singing我听见美洲在歌唱Democratic Vistas民主的前景;Song of Myself自我之歌3. Influences on Whitmana.Enlightenmentb.Idealismc.Transcendentalismd.science, evolution idease.western frontier spiritsf.Jefferson’s individualismg.Civil War Unionism,h.Orientalism.4. Major themes in his poems:a.equality of things and beingsb.divinity of everythingc.immanence of Godd.democracye.evolution of cosmosf.multiplicity of natureg.self-reliant spirith.death, beauty of deathi.expansion of Americaj.brotherhood and social solidarityk.pursuit of love and happiness5. His stylea.free verse(no conventional rhyme and meter)b.direct, plain and even vulgar languagec.his poetry suggests rather than tellII Emily Dickinson1. Lifea.born in 1830 into a Calvinist family of Amherst, Massachusetts.b.attended Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in South Hadleyc.It was later, during her mid-twenties that Emily began to grow reclusive.d.By the 1860s, she lived in almost total physical isolation from the outside world, but activelymaintained many correspondences and read widely.e.She wrote 1775 poems, but only seven of them published in her life time.f.Before her death, she asked her sister to burn all her poems. However, her sister publishedthose beautiful poems.2. Worksa.Because I Could Not Stop for Death 《因为我不能等待死神》b.I Heard a Fly Buzz—When I Died 《我死时听到了苍蝇的嗡嗡声》c.My Life Closed Twice Before Its Close《我从未失掉过这么多但有两次》d.I Like to See It Lap the Miles 《我愿看它穿千里》3. Characteristicsa.Dickinson was able to create a very personal and pure kind of poetry.b.Dickinson’s terse, frequently imagistic style is even more modern and innovative thanWhitman’sc.Her poetry exhibits great intelligence and often evokes the agonizing paradox of the limits ofthe human consciousness trapped in time.d.The subjects of Dickson’s poetry are the traditional ones of love, nature, religion, andmortalitye.Her poetry is also notable for its technical irregularitiesf.Other characteristics of her style: sporadic capitalization of nouns; convoluted andungrammatical phrasing; off-rhymes; broken meters; bold, unconventional, and often startling metaphors; and aphoristic wit.。

Unit6Whitman

His Poetry
• His poetry is marked by startling innovations in style and content that not only reflect the contemporary transition from romanticism to realism, but also signal the liberation of American literature from its European parentage and from the domination of the New England intellectual establishment.
teacher, free-lance writer • Supported the abolition of slavery, dismissed from
his job • Worked at carpentry & other odd jobs • Served as a correspondent for the New York Times
• He believes that God is in this world, and life is a cycle and everything comes from the universal soul, the Divine Ground of Being, to which all things and people go and return. So everything and everyone must be equal.
• He believes in the democracy of the common man in which no larger body should violate the equality of men. He also believes in the equality of men and women. He has great feelings for both men and women and holds that the love between men and women is essential to democracy.

常耀信美国文学史第三版Chapter 6 Whitman·Dickinson

First edition(1855)
It contained twelve poems and did not sell well, but it made a stir on the American literary scene. It broke with the poetic convention, and its sexuality and exotic and vulgar language brought harsh criticisms on it.
➢In 1848, he traveled south to work in the New Orleans.
➢In 1855, the first edition of his work, Leaves of Grass came out with his own money, which contained twelve poems.
ideas about death, and beauty of death. ❖ Attacks the slavery system and racial
discrimination.
Literary points of view
❖Whitman was a catalog of American and European thought.
The Leaves were called “noxious weeds ,” it’s poetry “poetry of barbarism ” and “a mass of stupid filth.” 邪恶的种子，野蛮的诗歌，一滩愚蠢的污秽物。
Whitman’s Major Works
❖ Responds enthusiastically to the expansion of America.

常耀信美国文学史第三版Chapter 6 Whitman·Dickinson

Sexuality
Whitman's sexual orientation is generally assumed to be homosexual or bisexual on the basis of his poetry, though this assumption has been disputed. His poetry depicts love and sexuality in a more earthy, individualistic way common in American culture before the medicalization of sexuality in the late 19th century.
Leaves of Grass Sing" (1867) "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking" (1859) (1855—1892) "Patrolling Barnegat" (1856) "Pioneers! O Pioneers!" (1865)
"Prayer of Columbus" (1900) "Song of Myself" (1855) "Song of the Open Road" (1856) "This Dust Was Once the Man" (1871) "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd" (1865) Sections: Calamus Sea-Drift Drum-Taps
Whitman and Peter Doyle, one of the men with whom Whitman was believed to have had an intimate relationship.

《美国文学史》各章节知识点指南

《美国文学史》各章节知识点指南时间：2011年2月使用教材：《美国文学史》（第二版）常耀信著Chapter 1 Colonial America★1607 Jamestown, Virginia：the first permanent English settlement in America★1620 Plymouth, Massachusetts: the second permanent English settlement in America★Captain John Smith: the first American writer writing in English★Anne Bradstreet: the first American woman poetMajor work: The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America (1650)Contemplations (9) on P. 17 （熟悉这首诗歌）To My Dear and Loving Husband《致我亲爱的丈夫》★Philis Wheatley: the first black woman poet in American literature★Edward Taylor: the most famous poet in the colonial periodHuswifery on P. 19 （熟悉这首诗歌）★Roger Williams: The Bloody Tenet of Persecution for the Cause of Conscience (1644)Translated the Bible into the Indian tongue★John Winthrop: “Model of Christian Charity”（〈基督慈善之典范〉）The History of New England (two volumes, 1825, 1826)(〈新英格兰史〉) 1630 --- 1649 in diary★Thomas Paine: Common Sense, The American Crisis, The Rights of Man, The Age of Reason★Philip Freneau: Poet of the American RevolutionThe Wild Honeysuckle, The Indian Burying Ground, The Dying Indian: Tomo Chequi★Charles Brockden Brown: the first important American novelistWieland, Edgar Huntly, Ormond, Aurthur MervynChapter 2 Edwards, Franklin, Crevecoeurthe 18th century: Age of Reason and EnlightenmentJonathan Edwards: America’s first systematic ph ilosopherThe Freedom of the Will, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God Benjamin Franklin: The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard’s Almanac熟悉37页的引文Hector St. John de Crevecoeur: Letters from an American FarmerChapter 3 American Romanticism, Irving, CooperWashington Irving: the first American writer to win international acclaimThe Sketch Book: Rip Van Winkle, The Legend of Sleepy HollowJames Fenimore Cooper: Leatherstocking Tales (五个故事的题目)Natty Bumpo (人物形象)Chapter 4 New England Transcendentalism, Emerson, ThoreauRalph Waldo Emerson: Nature (the Bible and manifesto of New England Transcendentalism)The American Scholar (America’s Declaration of IntellectualIndependence)Henry David Thoreau: Walden, or Life in the WoodsChapter 5 Hawthorne, MelvilleNathaniel Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letter, Twice-Told Tales, The House of the Seven Gables, The Blithedale Romance, The Marble Faun, Young Goodman BrownHerman Melville: Moby Dick, Omoo, Mardi, Redburn, White Jacket, PierreChapter 6 Whitman, DickinsonWalt Whitman: Leaves of Grass; free verse; Song of MyselfEmily Dickinson: Of the 1775 poems, only 7 poems were published in her lifetime.熟悉教材中98至102页所选的诗歌Chapter 7 Edgar Allan Poe★Edgar Allan Poe: The Fall of the House of Usher, The Philosophy of Composition, The Poetic Principle, The Raven，To Helen熟悉教材中107页所选的The Raven中的部分诗行Chapter 8 The Age of Realism, Howells, JamesWilliam Dean Howells: The Rise of Silas Lapham, Criticism and FictionHenry James: important writings listed on P. 125the international themeChapter 9 Local Colorism, Mark TwainHamlin Garland: Crumbling Idols, Veritism (真实主义)Bret Harte: The Luck of Roaring CampMark Twain: 主要作品, vernacular literature, colloquial styleHarriet Beecher Stowe 斯托夫人& her Uncle Tom’s Cabin《汤姆叔叔的小屋》Louisa May Alcott 路易莎·梅·奥尔科特& her Little Women 《小妇人》Kate Chopin 凯特·肖班& her The Awakening 《觉醒》Chapter 10 American Naturalism, Crane, Norris, Dreiser, RobinsonStephen Crane: Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (the first naturalistic novel in American literature), The Red Badge of Courage (the first anti-war novel in American literature),Famous short stories: The Open Boat, The Bride Comes to the Yellow SkyFrank Norris: The Octopus, McTeagueTheodore Dreiser: Sister Carrie, Jennie Gerhardt, the Desire Trilogy, The GeniusEdwin Arlington Robinson: Richard CoryJack London: The Call of the Wild, White Fang, The Sea Wolf, Martin EdenO. Henry (William Sidney Porter): famous for his short stories such as The Gift of the Magi Upton Sinclair: The Jungle, the Muckraking MovementChapter 11 The 1920s, Imagism, PoundThe first American Renaissance: the first half of the 19th centuryThe second Renaissance: the 1920sThe three principles of the Imagist Poetry熟悉四首意象派诗歌：In a Station of the Metro, Oread, The Red Wheelbarrow, Fog, 并会分析其中的第一和第四首Ezra Pound: The Cantos, Hugh Selwyn MauberleyChapter 12 T. S. Eliot, Stevens, WilliamsT. S. Eliot: The Waste Land （五个部分的题目）, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock其他主要作品founder of New Criticism: depersonalization, objective correlativeWilliam Carlos Williams: PatersonChapter 13 Frost, Sandburg, Cummings, Hart Crane, Moore★Robert Frost: New England poet, lyrical poet, the unofficial poet laureate, won the Pulitzer Prize four timesThe Road Not Taken (熟悉此诗), Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, Mending Wall, Apple-picking <<摘苹果>>Carl Sandburg: Fog, The Harbor (two famous Imagist poems)E. E. Cummings: the most interesting experimentalist in modern American poetryHart Crane: The BridgeChapter 14 Fitzgerald, Hemingway★F. Scott Fitzgerald: the spokesman of the Jazz AgeThe Great GatsbyErnest H emingway: Hemingway hero with “grace under pressure”, the iceberg principle“I always try to write on the principle of the iceberg. There is seven-eights of it under water for every part that shows. Anything you know you can eliminate and it only strengthens your iceberg. It is the part that doesn’t show. ”冰山运动之雄伟壮观，是因为它只有八分之一在水面上。

2020年智慧树知道网课《美国文学概论》课后章节测试满分答案

绪论单元测试1【判断题】(50分) Wecandefineliteratureaslanguageartisticallyusedtoachieveidentifiableliteraryqualitiesan dtoconveymeaningfulmessages.（）A.错B.对2【多选题】(50分)Hopefully,therearethreeveryhelpfulapproachestothestudyofit:namely(),(),().A.NoneoftheotherchoicesB.analyticalapproachC.thematicapproachD.historicalapproach第一章测试1【单选题】(10分) ThemostenduringshapinginfluenceinAmericanthoughtandAmericanliteraturewas().A.IdealismB.TranscendentalismC.AmericanPuritanismD.Enlightenment2【单选题】(10分) ThecommonthreadthroughoutAmericanliteraturehasbeentheemphasisonthe().A.revolutionismB.individualismC.reasonD.rationalism3【单选题】(10分)DuringtheReasonandRevolutionPeriod,AmericanswereinfluencedbytheEuropeanmove mentcalledthe().A.EnlightenmentMovementB.ModernistMovementC.ChartistMovementD.RomanticistMovement4【单选题】(10分)ThomasJefferson’sattitude,thatis,afirmbeliefinprogress,andthepursuitofhappiness,istypi caloftheperiodwenowcall().A.AgeofEvolutionB.AgeofReasonC.AgeofRomanticismD.AgeofRegionalism5【判断题】(10分) ThesettlementoftheNorthAmericancontinentbytheEnglishbeganintheearlypartofthe16th century.()A.对B.错6【判断题】(10分) BenjaminFranklinseemedtorepresenttheageofreasonandrevolutioninhisparadoxicalfaith inbothsocialorderandinnaturalrights,inloveofstabilityanddevotiontorevolutionarychange.（）A.错B.对7【判断题】(10分) CommonSenseboldlyadvocatedaDeclarationofIndependence.（）A.错B.对8【判断题】(10分) PhilipFreneauwasthemostimportantwriterinAmericanpoetryofthe18thcentury.（）A.对B.错9【多选题】(10分) WhichofthefollowingstirredtheworldandhelpedformtheAmericanRepublic?()A.TheAmericanCrisisB.TheAutobiographyC.TheFederalistD.DeclarationofIndependence10【多选题】(10分)Whoarenotconsideredasthe“PoetofAmericanRevolution”?()A.PhilipFreneauB.WaltWhitmanC.AnneBradstreetD.EdwardTaylor第二章测试1【单选题】(10分)In（）,Hawthornesetsouttoprovethateveryonepossessessomeevilsecrets.A.TheMinister’sBlackVeilB.YoungGoodmanBrownC.TheBirthmarkD.Earth’sHolocaust2Thedesireforanescapefromsocietyandareturntonaturebecameapermanentconventionof Americanliterature,evidentin().A.HenryDavidThoreau’sWaldenB.NathanielHawthorne’sTheScarletLetterC.HermanMelville’sMobyDickD.RalphWaldoEmerson’sTheAmericanScholar3【单选题】(10分)ThemasterpieceofWaltWhitmanis().A.LeavesofGrassB.Drum-TapsC.O,Captain,MyCaptainD.SongofMyself4EdgarAllanPoewasthefirstAmericanartistintheAmericanLiterature,whoinfluencedtheEur opean,especiallythe()writersofthefollowinggenerations.A.EnglishB.FrenchC.ItalianD.German5【判断题】(10分) DemocracyandpoliticalequalitybecametheidealsoftheromanticperiodinAmerica.()A.错B.对6【判断题】(10分) EmilyDickinsonisgoodatthecharmofsomethingbutdroppingthethingitself.()A.对B.错7【判断题】(10分)RomanticvalueswereprominentinAmericanpolitics,art,andphilosophyuntiltheCivilWar.（）A.错B.对8【判断题】(10分)Asamoralphilosophy,transcendentalismwasneitherlogicalnorsystematical.()A.对B.错9【多选题】(10分)Ledby()and(),therearoseakindofteachingsoftranscendentalismintheearlynineteenthcent ury.A.WaltWhitmanB.RalphWaldoEmersonC.HenryDavidThoreauD.HermanMelville10【多选题】(10分) ChoosetheauthorswhobelongtotheromanticgroupinAmericanliterature.()A.NathanielHawthorneB.BenjaminFranklinC.HenryDavidThoreauD.RalphWaldoEmerson第三章测试1【单选题】(10分)Theappearanceof()’sTheLuckofRoaringCampin1868markedasignificantdevelopmentint hebriefhistoryoflocalcolorfiction.A.HarrietBeecherStoweB.BretHarteC.KateChopinD.HamlinGarland2【单选题】(10分)WithWilliamDeanHowells,HenryJamesandMarkTwainactiveonthescene,()becamethem ajortrendinthe1870sand1980s.A.SentimentalismB.NaturalismC.RealismD.Romanticism3MarkTwaincreated,in(),amasterpieceofAmericanrealismthatisalsooneofthegreatbookso fworldliterature.A.TheAdventuresofTomSawyerB.TheGildedAgeC.TheManthatCorruptedHadleyburgD.TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn4【单选题】(10分)(),oneofthegreatestwarnovelscomesfromStephenCrane.A.TheBlueHotelB.Maggie:AGirloftheStreetsC.TheRedBadgeofCourageD.OpenBoat5Generallyspeaking,LondonwasmuchmoreinterestedinideasthanCraneandlesssentiment althanNorris.()A.对B.错6【判断题】(10分) Theultimateaimofthelocalcoloristsistocreatetheillusionofanindigenouslittleworldwithqual itiesthattellitapartfromtheworldoutside.()A.对B.错7【判断题】(10分) JackLondonwasusuallyconsideredasanaturalistbyliteraryhistorians.()A.对B.错8【判断题】(10分)AftertheCivilWar,theFrontierwasclosing.Disillusionmentandfrustrationwerewidelyfelt.W hathadbeenexpectedtobea“GoldenAge”turnedtobea“Gilded”one.()A.对B.错9【多选题】(10分) TherearesomeimportantinfluencesofAmericanliteratureofRealismincluding().A.industrializationB.theCivilWarC.mechanizationD.capitalism10【多选题】(10分)Choosethethreestaunchadvocatesofnineteenth-centuryAmericanrealism().A.MarkTwainB.HenryJamesC.JackLondonD.WilliamDeanHowells第四章测试1【单选题】(10分)“Theapparitionofthesefacesinthecrowd;Petalsonawet,blackbough.”Thisistheshortestpoemwri ttenby().A.EzraPoundB.E.E.CummingsC.RobertFrostD.ThomasStearnsEliot2【单选题】(10分) TheAmericansocialupheavalsandtheliteraryconcernsoftheGreatDepressionyearsended withtheprosperityandturmoilbroughtbythe().A.SecondWorldWarB.FirstWorldWarC.WarofIndependenceD.CivilWar3【单选题】(10分)WhichofthefollowingwasnotwrittenbyRobertFrost?()A.SteepleBushB.IntheClearingC.AWitnessTreeD.TilburyTown4【单选题】(10分) ThefirstAmericantowintheNobelPrizeforLiteraturewasasharpsocialcritic,whosenamewa s().A.SinclairLewisB.WilliamFaulknerC.ErnestHemingwayD.ThomasStearnsEliot5【判断题】(10分) TheformanddirectionofmodernAmericanliteraturehadclearlybeguntoemergeinthefirstde cadeofthe20thcentury.()A.对B.错6【判断题】(10分) ThreeAmericanwriterswontheNobelPrizeforLiteratureduringtheyearsbetweenthetwowor ldwars.()A.对B.错7【判断题】(10分)Althoughshore-lived,theImagistmovementhadatremendousinfluenceonmodernpoetry.()A.错B.对8【判断题】(10分)RobertFrostwonfourNobelPrizesinhislife.()A.错B.对9【多选题】(10分)Earlyinthe20thcentury,()and()publishedworksthatwouldchangethenatureofAmericanpoe try.A.T.S.EliotB.RobertFrostC.WaltWhitmanD.EzraPound10【多选题】(10分)TheImagistwritersfollowedthreeprinciples,theyrespectivelyare().A.economyofexpressionB.NoneoftheotherchoicesC.directtreatmentD.clearrhythm第五章测试1【单选题】(10分)WhatwasRalphEllison'snovelthatwasthestoryofanunnamedAfricanmanwhocouldnotbes eenbecausepeoplechosenottoseehim?()A.FlyingHomeB.ShadowandActC.ThreeDaysBeforetheShootingD.InvisibleMan2【单选题】(10分) Thisladywasarecordbreakerfortheliteratureandwomenwriters!Shewasaslavethatlearned toreadandwritefromhermasters,whoalsoencouragedhertowritepoetry.Herworkwasprais edbytheBritishandAmericansalikeduringtheAmericanRevolutionaryWar.Whowasthefirst AfricanAmericanladypoettopublishabookintheUnitedStates?()A.MayaAngelouB.PhillisWheatleyC.SojournerTruthD.AliceWalker3【单选题】(10分)WhereisMorrison's1992novelJazzset?()A.Chicagointhe1940sB.NewOrleansattheturnofthe20thcenturyC.Harleminthe1920sD.Sohointhe1950s4【单选题】(10分)Alphonso(Celie'sstepfather)neverrevealedthatCelieandNettiewerenothisbiologicalchildr enbecause().A.hepromisedtheirmotherhewouldneverrevealthetruth.B.hewantedtheirinheritancerights.C.hethoughthewasindeedtheirfather.D.hedidnotwanttohurtthem.5【判断题】(10分) SeveralAfricanAmericansbecamefamousfortheirautobiographiesabouttheirlivesasslave s,includingFrederickDouglass,whobecamealeadingfigureintheabolitionistmovement.()A.对B.错6【判断题】(10分)AftertheendofslaveryandtheAmericancivilwar,anumberofAfrican-Americanauthorswrote nonfictionworksabouttheconditionofAfricanAmericansintheUnitedStates.()A.对B.错7【判断题】(10分)Morrison'snovelsaremostlysetinablackcommunityinthethirtiesorforties,buttheydonotmer elytellstoriesaboutaparticularcommunityduringaparticularperiod.()A.错B.对8【判断题】(10分)MisterisCelie'shusbandwhooriginallytriestoseekarelationshipwithNettiebutsettlesforCeli e.()A.错B.对9【多选题】(10分) AboutthefourthdevelopmentstageofAmericanJewishliterature,whichareright?()A.Duringthisperiod,theeconomyoftheUnitedStatesdevelopedrapidly.B. AmericanJewishwritersdominatedtheAmericanliteraryworldandbecameoutstandingwritersinthisperiod.C.Inpolitics,inthe1950s,theUnitedStateswasfullofclosedandconservativeideas.D.Thefourthperiodwasfrom1945to1973.10【多选题】(10分) ChoosetheChinsesAmericanwriters.()A.SuiSinFarB.MaxineHongKingstonC.FrankChinD.AmyTan第六章测试1【单选题】(10分)WhendidEugeneO'NeillgetNobelPrizeforliterature?()A.1952B.1948C.1955D.19362【单选题】(10分)“AmericanShakespeare”refersto().A.EugeneO’NeillB.EdwardAlbeeC.ElmerRiceD.TennesseeWilliams3【单选题】(10分) DeathofaSalesmaniswrittenby().A.ElmerRiceB.TennesseeWilliamsC.CliffordOdetsD.ArthurMiller4【单选题】(10分)WaitingforLefty,writtenby()ashortplayaboutaNewYorktaxi-drivers'strike,withitsfamousag itpropendinganditsinfluentialuseofEuropeanexpressionistmethodsprovedtobeaverybrilli antandimpressiveperformanceonBroadway.A.EugeneO’NeillB.TennesseeWilliamsC.CliffordOdetsD.ElmerRice5【判断题】(10分)LongDay'sJourneyintoNightissetinthesummerhomeoftheTyronefamily,August1912.()A.对B.错6【判断题】(10分) TheAmericandramatictraditionbeganwithYeBareandYeCubb(1665)byWilliamDarbyand othertwoauthor-performers.()A.错B.对7【判断题】(10分) ThefirstAmericantragedytobestagedwasTheContrastwrittenbyRoyallTyler(1757-1826),a ndfirstplayedinNewYorkCityin1787.()A.错B.对8【判断题】(10分)Poeticplayswereverypopularinthefirsthalfofthe19thcentury.()A.对B.错9【多选题】(10分) Choosetheplaywrightswhobelongtothe1940s?()A.WilliamIngeB.TennesseeWilliamsC.ArthurMillerD.DavidMamet10【多选题】(10分) Choosetheplaywrightswhobelongtothe1960s?()A.SamShepardB.DavidMametC.EdwardAlbeeD.AugustWilson。

Chapter 6 Whitman

3.Whitman's poetic style and language To dramatize the nature of these new poetical feelings, Whitman employed brand-new means in his poetry, which would first be discerned in his style and language.
(2) He advocates the realization of the individual value. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass sing of the "en-masse" and the self as well. (3) Pursuit of love and happiness is approved of repeatedly and affectionately in his lines. Sexual love, a rather taboo topic of the time, is displayed candidly as something adorable. The individual person and his desires must be respected.
(2) theme and the poet's essential purpose (a) theme: In this giant work, openness, freedom, and above all, individualism (the belief that the rights and freedom of individual people are most important) are all that concerned him. Whitman brings the hardworking farmers and laborers into American literature, attack the slavery system and racial discrimination. In this book he also extols nature, democracy, labor and creation ,and sings of man's dignity and equality, and of the brightest future of mankind . Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass sing of the "en-masse" and the self as well.

美国文学史之填空题

填空题Part 1 Early American Literature: Colonial Period to 1815Chapter 1 The Literature of the New World1. Origin stories are those dramatizing ______of how the earth originated or of how people established relationships with plants, ______ and the cosmos.(tribal interpretations, animal)2. Trickster tales are humorous tales featuring______. (trickster characters)3. Historical narratives are diverse in kinds. Some of them are tribal records of historical events. Many other narratives feature ______ that move in recognizable historical settings. (legendary figures)4. The name of Captain John Smith is now associated with the English expedition that founded the ______ in 1607. (Jamestown colony)Chapter 2 The Literature of Colonial America: 1620-17631.The colonial period covers almost the entirety of ______ and a great portion of ______. (the 17th century,the 18th century)2.The year 1620 saw the Pilgrims settling in the tiny colony of Plymouth in Massachusetts which, due toWilliam Bradford’s influential work ______, is now regarded as a symbol for Puritan culture during colonial settlement. (Of Plymouth Plantation)3.In the earlier colonial period, much of the literature was produced by ______ and ______. (Puritan,Pilgrim writers)4.The term “Puritan” was first applied to those ______ who rejected Queen Elizabeth’s religious settlementsof 1560 because they were determined to “purify” their religion. (Protestant reformers)5.Calvinism is a specific and rather rigid brand of Puritanism. Calvinists are those who follow the teachingsof ______, a religious reformer in France. (John Calvin)6.Anne Bradstreet’s “domestic” poems and ______ are today recognized as her best literary achievement. Inthem, she conveyed her personal feelings for New England and ______. (the Contemplations, family life) 7.In general, meditative poetry is a contemplation of self and expression of hoped-for union with God orwith a ______. But Edward Taylor’s poetry also shows an anguished search for God, an intense personal struggle with his ______ and with ______. (transcendent reality, spirituality, Satan)8.Cotton Mather’s most important book is ______. (Magnalia Christi American a)9.Of the quarrels with Puritan beliefs in the 17th century, the cases of Anne Hutchinson and ______ are ofparticular significance. (Roger Williams)10.Jonathan Edward was a complex theologian in whom the fervor of the ______ and the thinking of ______converged, if not coexisted, in contradiction. (Great Awakening, Enlightenment)11.Today, Jonathan Edward is generally regarded as a pioneering philosopher and the greatest mind of the______ period. (colonial)12.The Middle colonies are ______ and ______ more diverse. (culturally, ethnically)Chapter 3 Literature and the American Revolution: 1764-18151.Literature in the period of American Revolution (before, during and after) was predominantly public and______. (utilitarian)2.The emergence of Deism in the 18th century America came directly from the ______. (Enlightenment)3.In his lifetime, Benjamin Franklin was an inventor, scientist, ______, ______, ______, an exemplaryself-made man, a revolutionary hero, and, of course, an ______. (printer, political statesman, diplomat, author)4.With his restless energy, his optimism and his innovative spirit, Franklin exemplifies the Age of ______ orwhat Franklin himself called the Age of Experiment. (Enlightenment)5.Partly because he was very good at promoting himself, Franklin established for the public the image of a______ man, and an archetypal American success story that has since become part of American popular culture. (self-made)6.Although Poor Richard’s Almanacs are not really in the vein of fiction, ______ could be the earliestcharacter of fiction created by an American author. (Poor Richard)7.Perhaps the best-known portion of Franklin’s Autobiography is where he speaks of the ______ heembraced and how he translated them into daily practices. (13 virtues)8.______, drafted in June, 1776, is at once a national symbol of liberty and a monument to Jefferson as astatesman and author. (The Declaration of Independence)9.William Hill Brown’s novel ______ followed the sentimental mode and its characteristic theme ofseduction. (The Power of Sympathy)Part 2 American Romanticism: 1815-186Chapter 1 The Age of American Romanticism1.Nationalism often goes hand in hand with ______. But the special psychological make-up of Americannationalism also gave American ______ its own particular characteristics. (romanticism, romanticism) 2.American romanticism was influenced by European romanticism, particularly German, ______ and______. While showing characteristics of European romanticism, American romantic writers differed from their European counterparts in that they did not show the kind of ______ as seen in European romanticism. (English, French, political radicalism)Chapter 2 Early Romanticism1.______ was the first American storyteller created in a literary text, and as a storyteller he resembles hisauthor, Washington Irving. (Rip)2.______ and ______ are today two of Irving’s best known stories. Both are included in ______, acollection of sketches and stories. (Rip Van Winkle, The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow, The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. )3.The Leather-stocking Series consists of five novels which, in the order of publications, are: ______,______, ______, ______, and ______. (The Pioneers, The Last of the Mohicans, The Prairie, The Pathfinder, The Deerslaye r)4.“Leather-stocking”is the nickname for ______ who is in the habit of wearing long deerskin leggings.(Natty Bumppo)5.Natty Bumpoo is both the friend and foe of ______. He seems to respect them, but he retains his ______superiority while living with them. (American Indians, Christian)6.Starting with ______, Copper wrote 11 sea stories. Among them, ______ is a tale of the adventure ofCaptain Heidegger who gives up privacy in order to aid the Americans. (The Pilot, Red Revor)7.______, one of Bryant’s best poems, served as a bridge over which the young poet moved towards hisfather’s religious liberalism (Deism and Unitarianism) and towards Wordsworth’s nature.(“Thanatopsis”)Chapter 3 Transcendentalism and Symbolic Representation1.The transcendental Club sponsored two major activities. First, they published 16 issues of ______, aquarterly, between 1840 ad 1844. ______ was the first editor. (The Dial, Margaret Fuller)2.______ is today regarded as the “Father” of American literature. (Emerson)3.As the leading spokesman for Transcendentalism, Emerson once explained that this philosophy meant______. (a little beyond)4.“The Over-Soul” presents the more mystical side of Emerson ad the basis of ______. The “Over-Soul”refers to the profound and all-encompassing ______ to which each individual soul should lie upon.(Transcendentalism, spiritual nature)5.Today Thoreau is primarily remembered by two of his works: ______ and the essay ______. (Walden,Civil Disobedience)Chapter 4 Hawthorne, Melville and Poe1.Hawthorne wrote well over a hundred stories, essays and sketches, and is the author of four remarkablenovels: ______, ______, ______and ______. (The Scarlet Letter, The House of the Seven Gables, The Blithedale Romance, The Marble Faun)2.In Hawthorne’s writings there is a consistent concern with the psychological currents beneath the ______.______ is a typical Hawthornian metaphor for this concern. (conscious, A dream-like journey at night) 3.Hawthorne depicts “sin” not for its own sake. He allows us to study the effects of sin on the ______ andon people related to them. (sinners)4.Many of Hawthorne’s male characters live in ______. It seems extraordinarily difficult for them to knowsomeone else and to disclose themselves to another person. (isolation)5.If there was anything in the 19th century close to being the American epic, it was ______, published oneyear after The Scarlet Letter. (Moby Dick)6.The novel Moby Dick tells the strange story of the possessed and implacable Captain ______ risking hislife, those of his crew and his ship on the rough seas in search of a monstrous ______. (Ahab, white whale)7.Poe is a critic, poet and short story writer, and he is important in all three aspects. His contribution toFrench symbolist poetry was made not primarily through his ______ but his ______. (poetry, stories andcriticism)8.“The Raven” captures the mourning of the narrator for the loss of his beloved when a raven monotonouslyrepeats the word ______. (Nevermore)Chapter 8 Whitman and Dickinson1.______ and ______ were two major poets in the late 19th century. (Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson)2.Technically speaking, Whitman’s poetry is “free verse” in that the lack of ______ and ______ is known ashis major technical innovation. (meter, rhyme)3.The speaker in many of Dickinson’s poems is in ______ and ______. Frequently, the speaker speaks of a______. (anguish, pain, recurring pain)4.______ is the longest and one of the best in Whitman’s canon. (“Song of Myself”)5.Emily Dickinson wrote nearly ______ poems, although fewer than 20 of them were printed in her lifetime.(2000)Chapter 9 A House Divided: Writing Against Slavery1.______ boosted abolitionist sentiments and shook the conscience of the South. (Uncle Tom’s Cabin)2.the novel’s appeal comes from the extreme sentimentality that derives from the deaths of little Eva St.Clare and ______ as well as from melodramatic events such as ______’s escape across the ice of the Ohio River. (Uncle Tom, Eliza)3.Frederick Douglass wrote the powerful autobiography ______. (Narrative of the Life of FrederickDouglass, an American Slave)4.Harriet Ann Jacob’s first-person account, ______, is the only slave narrative written by a woman.(Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl)Part 3 American Realism: 1865-1914Chapter 1 The Age of Realism1.Realism reacts against romanticism’s emphasis on intuition, ______, a dreary (or innocent) sense ofwonder, ______, ______, and general optimistic belief in the goodness of things. (imagination, idealism, faith in nature )Chapter 2 Regional and Local Color Writings1. ______ and ______ writings may be considered the early stage of literary realism. They were instances of realism insofar as they depicted contemporary life, used the speech of ______ and avoided, in general, fantastic plotlines. (Regional, local, the common people)2.Ernest Hemingway once remarked: “All modern literature comes from on Book by Mark Twain called______.” (Huckleberry Finn)3.As an ironist, Mark Twain allows us to see the adult through the eyes of a ______, and to see the childthrough an ______’s perspective. (child, adult)4.Tom Sawyer is the story of the boy Tom Sawyer and his friends ______ and ______. (Huckleberry Finn,Joe Harper)5.“The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calavera County” is a “tall tale” filled with the kind of exaggerationand comedy that characterize ______life. (the frontier)6.There were many other regionalists and local colorists. Some of the prominent ones include _____ in NewEngland, ______ and ______ in the deep South, and ______ who wrote of the far West mining camps.(Sarah Orne, George Washington Cable, Kate Chopin, Brett Harte)Chapter 3 Henry James and William Dean Howells1.In Henry James’s texts, ______ and ______ are two different societies and cultural forces brought intocontact. (Europe, America)2.Henry James wrote 36 volumes of fictional works. A dozen or so are longer novels. The more completeversions of three of the best--______, ______, The Golden Bowl—were published posthumously. (The Wings of Dove, The Ambassadors)3.Henry James had a liking for the short-story form. However, his elaboration on details often led to theexpression of short story themes into short novels or novellas. The two best-known novellas are: ______ and ______. (Daisy Miller, The Turn of the Screw)4.While William Dean Howells was a journalist for the Ohio State Journal he wrote ______, a book whichhelped Lincoln become elected and which brought Howells recognition and an appointment as American Counsel in Venice. (The Campaign Life of Abraham Lincoln)5.In The Rise of Silas Lapham, Lapham is a sturdy country-bred man who becomes successful as a paintmanufacturer and has an opportunity to rise in ______ society. (Boston)Chapter 4 Literary Naturalism1.Under the influence of European writers such as Emile Zola, Thomas Hardy, George Eliot, Americanliterary ______ emerged in the 1890s as an outgrowth of American realism. (naturalism)2.In naturalist fiction, the characters are often ______ in the social stratum. (the lowest)3.The naturalist stories are often about those rendered helpless by uncontrollable forces. The mood is darkand _____. (pessimistic)4.Jack London’s masterpiece ______ is somewhat autobiographical. (Martin Eden)5.Norris’s novel ______ has been called “the first full-bodied naturalistic American novel”and “aconsciously naturalistic manifesto”. (McTeague)6.The first novel of Theodore Dreiser was ______. (Sister Carrie)7.The protagonist of Dreiser’s Trilogy of Desire is ______. (Frank Cowperwood)Chapter 5 Women Writing on the “Woman Question”1.In literature, writing on the “woman question” mostly meant critiquing the Victorianist cultural code andpromoting ______. (women’s liberation)2.The Awakening presents the story of ______’s doomed attempt to find her own fulfillment through passion.(Edna Pontellier)3.The Awakening is simultaneously a ______ novel, a ______novel, a ______ novel, and a ______ novel.(local color, realist, romantic, feminist)4.Like Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, Kate Chopin’s______was condemned not because it was sexy butbecause it deviates from the sexual codes of “good society.”(The Awakening)5.As a fictionalized version of “rest cure,”“The Yellow Wallpaper” is a powerful feminist indictment of thenorms in a ______ culture. (patriarchal)6.Thematically, Edith Wharton’s novels reflect the struggles of the individual members of ______in theirattempts to actualize themselves within the rigid behavioral mores of their______. (elite societies, class)Part 4 American Modernism: 1914-1945Chapter 15 Modernism in the American Grain1.In its most apparent sense, “modernism”indicates an impulse towards creating something ______.(new)2.In modern fiction, ______ point of view—representing a given perspective—is used more often. (the firstperson)3.If American Romanticism was the first flowering of American literature, American ______ was the secondflowering. (modernism)4.Freud boldly and naturalistically explained that human behavior is largely the result of instinctual drives,such as______ and ______ urges. If the individual wished to enjoy the benefits of civilization, he/ she must control these urges. (sexual, aggressive)Chapter 16 The Evolution of Modernism1.Edwin Arlington Robinson created the ______ and ______ characters who believe they have failed. Hismain theme seems to be the agony of life and a hopeless wish for ______. (alienated, disillusioned, happiness)2.______ is the most popular modern poet in America. Towards the end of his life, he received more literaryawards, government recognitions, and institutional honors than any other poet of the 20th century. (Robert Frost)3.It was in England that Robert Frost published his first collection of poetry ______ in 1913. Ezra Pound,whom he met in England, helped him publish his second volume ______ which contains some of Frost’s most stunning poems, including ______, ______, ______and ______. (A Boy’s Will, North of Boston, “Mending Wall,”“Home Burial,”“The Road Not Taken,”“Apple-Picking.”)4.Willa Cather’s major novels fall into three groups. In three of her novels--______, ______ and ______--Cather explores the pioneer experience in the landscape of Nebraska, the Midwest and Colorado. (O Pioneers! The Song of the Lark, My Antonia )5.We can get better acquainted with Cather’s literary style by reviewing ______, and it was with this novelthat Cather made craft. (My Antonia)6.Sherwood Anderson is primarily remembered as the author of ______, Gathered into a loosely connectednovel are stories of ______ or ______ characters. (Winesburg, Ohio, grotesque, twisted)Chapter 17 American Modernism in Europe1.In 1936, Gertrude Stein remarked, “America is my country and Paris is my hometown and it is as it hascome to be.” She spoke not just for herself but also for a generation of _____. (American expatriates) 2.As evidence of her originality, Stein was the first American writer to try to transcribe banal daily speechinto literature. Specifically, in ______ and in ______, she used this kind of “natural” conversation in prose narrative. (Three Lives, The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas)3.______ is so far the only writer in the Western culture who has been able to turn the characteristics of theChinese language into a specific and “new” component in English/ American poetry. (Pound)4.Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the ______ movement. (Imagist)5.Ezra Pound’s major work of poetry is the long poem called ______. (The Cantos)6.Hilda Doolittle always signed her name ______. (H.D.)Chapter 18 Modern Fiction between the Wars1.It is generally believed that the modernist innovativeness in American poetry was exemplified by ______,______ and a few others whose paradigmatic texts exerted a powerful influence on fiction writers. (T. S.Eliot, Wallace Stevens)2.Under Anderson’s guidance, William Faulkner published his first novel ______, but his first major successwas ______. (Soldier’s Pay, The Sound and the Fury)3.The first three sections of The Sound and the Fury are narrated by three Compson brothers: ______,______, ______. (Benjy, Quentin, Jason)4.As I Lay Dying is a comedy with a profoundly ______. The novel is also Faulkner’s attempt to translate______ in painting into a fictional form. (tragic center, cubism)5.In Light in August Faulkner makes an indictment of racism in the South by offering a profound analysis ofthe “truths”in a cultural discourse that mingles religious fanaticism, ______ and ______, a discourse shared by Southerners at various levels. (sexism, racism)6.“A Rose for Emily” seems to be a ______ story, at least initially. (detective)7.Hemingway’s trip to Africa on a hunting expedition in 1933-14 became the basis for ______. He went toSpain twice to cover the Civil War in 1936-37, which provided material for his novel ______. (Green Hills of Africa, For Whom the Bell Tolls)8.“The Big Two-Hearted River”, included in ______, shows ______who, bearing traumas of the war withinhim, has returned to a small town where he finds the river and trout as he remembers them. (In Our Time, Nick Adams)9.______ is the most important work Fitzgerald wrote. The title character, ______ is a very rich man whofought in World War I. (The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby)10.Tender is the Night is Fitzgerald’s ______ novel and it is a novel about ______. (mature, maturity)11.The best-known work by Dos Passos is ______, a trilogy consisting of ______, ______, and ______.(U.S.A. The Forty-Second Parallel, 1919, The Big Money)12.John Steinbeck is a modern writer, no doubt, but he can also be regarded as a ______ and a ______.(regionalist, naturalist)13.Today, Steinbeck is primarily remembered by three of his many novels: ______, ______, and ______.( In Dubious Battle, Of Mice and Men, The Grapes of Wrath )14.Steinbeck consciously uses stylistic devices of the ______ and attempts to create his new ______.(folk tale, folklore)Chapter 19 Modern American Poetry1.The charm of Eliot’s poetry lies not only in the ______ but also in the ______ he has created. (images,mellow cadence)2.The “waste” in the title is not only a reference to the devastation and bloodshed of ______, but also to theemotional and spiritual sterility of the ______. (World War I, Western man)3.Eliot wrote seven plays, the best of which is ______, a verse play on an ancient historical subject, writtenin 1935. (Murder in the Cathedral)4.Eliot’s last important work was ______, a profound meditation on time and timelessness, written in fourparts. (Four Quartets)5.“Sunday Morning” is one of the best-known poems by Stevens. The poem introduces a woman who doesnot go to church on Sunday morning but stays at home to enjoy ______ and to contemplate ______.(the sunshine, what divinity is )6.The themes of William Carlos Williams’s poems are broad ranging, including the emergence of life,______, ______ in its many guises, sexuality and the erotic, the richness of everyday experience, and, last but not least, the realities of industrial America. (the nature of poetry, the unfortunate humanity)7.The odd appearance of E.E. Cummings’ verses on the page is meant as an aid to oral reading or, morespecifically, as a guide to timing, accentuation, syllabus stresses. To indicate stress, for example, he would ______ or _______. (break lines, capitalize key words)Chapter 20 African American Literature and Modernism1.Jean Toomer, poet and novelist, was for some time regarded as the most talented writer in the _______.(Harlem Renaissance)2.Between 1922 and 1929, Toomer wrote several plays in which he experienced with _______ techniques.(impressionist)3.The most important stage in Langston Hughes’s development was when he discovered Harlem, New York,and the cultural and literary circle of the ______ writers. (“New Negro”)4.Their Eyes were Watching God, Hurston’s best work, tells of Janie’s story, a young black woman’s searchfor ______. (self-knowledge)5.Native Son is a novel that explores the complex ______and ______ factors involved in a black boy’shorrendous crimes. (social, psychological)6.Black Boy is subtitled ______. This is an autobiographical novel that begins with ______’s Childhood andstops at the point when he leaves the South to head for the North. (“A Record of Childhood and Youth”, Wright)7.The Men Who Lived Underground appeared in its final form in a collection of short stories, ______.(Eight Men)Part 5 American Literature Diversified: 1945 to the New MillenniumChapter 21 Literature Diversified Under New Conditions1.Contemporary American literature is inclusive of ______, ______ and what is covered under the broadtitle “postmodern literature.” (ethnic literature, postcolonial literature)2.Existentialism is, strictly speaking, a philosophy formulated in the first half of the 20th century, with______, ______ and ______ being the three main representatives. (Heidegger, Sartre, Camus)3.In general, the distinction between postmodernism and modernism is perhaps less a matter of stylisticdifferences than a matter of attitude towards ______ and ______. (culture, literature)4.Derrida cites three thinkers as the precursors of deconstruction: ______, ______ and ______.(Nietzsche, Heidegger, Freud)5.The father of deconstruction is the French thinker ______ who did not specifically concern himself withliterature or literariness. (Jacques Derrida)6.Reading and writing are bound in the signifying process which is multilayered, continuous andnever-ending. For this insight, Derrida coined the word ______. (différence)Chapter 22 American Theater: Three Major Playwrights1.______ was America’s first dramatist of world renown. In the course of a long and prolific career, he wonfour Pulitzer prizes, gained international recognition, and in 1936 won the Nobel Prize. (Eugene O’Neil) 2.As an expressionist play, The Hairy Ape makes a protest against the ______ and______ in theindustrialized world. (dehumanization, alienation)3.______ was the most important dramatist that emerged after world War II. Like Arthur Miller, he adoptedmany of the experimental devices from the ______ and other avant-garde dramatists of the 1920s, but he integrated them into a entirely individualized. (Tennessee Williams, expressionists)4.Indeed, ______ is Tennessee Williams’s autobiographical play based on the family circumstances in1935-1936. (The Glass Menagerie)5.As seen in the majority of his plays, Miller’s favorite material is the conflict in the American middle-classfamily, with the tension often anchored on the father-son relationship as in ______ and ______ or, sometimes, on the strained relationship between a father and his stepdaughter, as in ______. (All My Sons, Death of a Salesman, A View From the Bridge)Chapter 23 Major Fiction Writers: 1945 till the 1960s1.If there was a tradition of novels that studied the waste of war and madness of war mentally, NormanMailer appeared to be a leader, with his ______ and ______ being the representative works. (The Naked and the Dead, Armies of the Night)2.Until he died in 1994, Ellison published one epic-scope novel, ______, and collections of short stories andessays. (Invisible Man)3.Baldwin is both a brilliant fiction writer and a brilliant essayist. His best-known novel is ______,published in 1953. (Go Tell It on the Mountain)4.O’Connor’s first novel Wise Blood consists of many gratuitous ad unrelated incidents. But it does have afocus on ______. (Hazel (Haze) Motes)5.The differences among Bellow’s works show the versatility of his talents. His earlier works include______, a comic and mordant existentialist tale set in wartime America, and ______, a parable of Gentile and Jew, and an unsentimental study of ______. (Dangling Man, The Victim, anti-Semitism)6.To speak of Salinger is to speak of ______. (The Catcher in the Rye)7.The phrase, “Catch-22,” is today a metaphorical expression in the English language, meaning a ______dilemma. The expression originates from ______’s novel. (self-contradictory, Heller)Chapter 24 Poetic Tendencies Since 19451.Confessional poems are conversational, bleak, brooding, showing a clear sense of alienation. Therecognized confessionals include ______, ______, W. D. Snodgrass, Anne Sexton, ______and others.(Robert Lowell, John Berryman.)2.In the term “beat generation” the word “beat” means: ______ and ______. (beat down, beatific)3.Allen Ginsberg’s best and most influential poem is ______. (Howl)4.Synder’s poetic power has much to do with his interest in ______. In Chinese and Japanese poetry, in theculture of ______, and in the natural landscape details of America. (Buddhism, American Indians) Chapter 25 Fictional Inclinations Since the 1960s1.In John Barth’s first novel, The Floating Opera, the narrator ______ spends ten years analyzing the day hecontemplated and decided against suicide. (Todd Andrew)2.American “postmodern” writers such as John Barth often write what is known as ______, namely, a pieceof fiction that is concerned with revealing the devices and conventions of making fiction and the process of making fiction. (metafiction)3.Simply speaking, meta-fiction is fiction about ______. Meta-fictional elements can also be found in suchmodernist writers as ______ and______. (Henry James, Marcel Proust)4.Pynchon wrote a short fiction titled ______ in which he used the whole range of meanings of ______.(Entropy, entropy)5.Joyce Carol Oates’s first novel ______, depicts an intense and violent love affair between a 17-year-oldgirl and a 30-year-old car racer, exposing emotional derangements, compulsive behaviors, and tragic love.(With Shuddering Fall)6.______ is perhaps the most accomplished short fiction writer since the 1960s. his fiction shows theadmired qualities of such short fiction masters as Hemingway and Anderson. (Raymond Carver) Chapter 26 Contemporary Multi-ethnic Literature and Fiction1.______’s The Woman Warrior, published in 1976, marked the beginning of Asian American writersbreaking into the mainstream. Amy Tan’s _______was another astonishing success commercially.(Maxine Hong Kingston, The Joy Luck Club)2.Morrison is praised for her powerful ______, her provocative ______, sophisticated narrative techniques,and poetic language. (fictional style, themes)3.______ is perhaps Morrison’s best novel, certainly her best-known. (Beloved)。

Chapter6WhitmanandDickinson_美国文学

“the most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that an American has yet contributed”
Emerson brought me to a boil”
• Whitman: “dear Master,” “I was simmering, simmering, simmering,
My tongue, every atom of my blood, form’d from this soil, this air, Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till death.
• He was a daring experimentalist who “broke the new wood” • He began to experiment around 1847 which lead to a complete break with traditional poetics. • Features: • A. parallelism or rhythmical unit (the Bible) • B. phonetic recurrence (systematic repetition of words and phrases) • C. his long catalogs of lines, his piling up of nouns, verbs, or adjectives, • Whitman broke free from the traditional iambi pentameter and wrote “free verse”.

美国文学 Walt Whitman

The Last Representatives of American Romanticism Walt Whitman Emily Dickinson
America’s most significant 19th century poets
Walt Whitman (1819-1892)
The True Voice of Americans
from convention
his sexuality
his exotic and vulgar
language

Many said his work was
a “poetry of barbarism” “noxious weeds” “a mass of stupid filth”
Whitman House-Camden

In 1868 Poems of Walt Whitman
was published in England, and later was popular in England

He moved to Camden, New Jersey to live with his brother
death.
VIII. Reputation and influence

He has been compared to a mountain in
American literary history.

Contemporary American poetry, whatever
school or form, bears witness to his great influence.

VI. Work: Leaves of Grass VII. Reputation and influence

#Chapter 6美国文学

Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking
• A reminiscence of a childhood experience that can be split into three subsections:
• 1,The mocking birds, a male and a female, happily sing together of ideal love and bliss 2,the he-bird, the lone singer of bereavement and lonesome love
Whitman
• Pound called him a “ pigheaded father”, recognized him nonetheless as a father figure who led the break from the past. (free verse p93) P95
• The fundamental ideas which were prevalent in America at the time pervade all his poems: general mysticism and anti-rationalism, pantheism, and the theory of “the Great Chain of Being”. p91
Chapter6
1.Whitman.Dicki nson 2.
Content
• The influence on and of Whitman • Whitman’s literary contributions • Compare and contrast Dickinson and

Unit 6 Dickinson

Emily Dickinson
(1830—1886)
Important men in Dickinson’s life:

Thomas Wentworth Higginson, a poetry critic for The Atlantic Monthly, who later helped gathering her poems for publication.
poem?And what does it imply?
What is the theme of the poem? What is Dickinson’s principle of poetic composition?
Features of DHale Waihona Puke ckinson’s poetry:
--telling
images, striking, suggestive and connotative sometimes incomprehensible
--a severe economy of expression --direct and plain words, simple syntax --faulty grammar --no regular rhyme --unusual capitalization --unusual use of punctuation marks

the Reverend Charles Wadsworth, toward Dickinson might possess a deep love passion.
whom

Benjamin Newton, a law student in her father’s office, who introduced her to Emerson’s works and other prominent literary texts.

美国文学第6章whitman,Dickinson

单选题 美国文学

美国文学史及选读考研复习笔记6.

英美文学Chapter 6

Chapter6WhitmanPPT课件

Chapter6WaltWhitman

whitman and dickinson 美国文学课件

Chapter 6 Whitman Dickinson

Unit6Whitman

常耀信美国文学史第三版Chapter 6 Whitman·Dickinson

常耀信美国文学史第三版Chapter 6 Whitman·Dickinson

《美国文学史》各章节知识点指南

2020年智慧树知道网课《美国文学概论》课后章节测试满分答案

Chapter 6 Whitman

美国文学史之填空题

Chapter6WhitmanandDickinson_美国文学

美国文学 Walt Whitman

#Chapter 6美国文学

Unit 6 Dickinson

单选题美国文学