高一上学期期中考试试卷
山东省泰安肥城市2024_2025学年高一语文上学期期中试题
山东泰安肥城市2024-2025学年高一语文上学期期中试题本试卷共150分,考试时间150分钟。
留意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
大半个世纪以前,费孝通先生在《乡土中国》一书中提出了“差序格局”的概念,同样还是在这本书中,费老也告知我们,中国社会是一个熟人社会,人们生于斯长于斯,共同经营着家庭事业。
虽然还有天下与国家等关系的存在,但它们在客观上离自己太遥远。
大多数人都过着守望相助的生活。
差序格局概念的提出,实现了我们从理论上来相识乡土中国之可能,其说明力之强大已成为中国社会学的一个经典概念。
但特别缺憾的是,我们目前所运用的林林总总的理论和概念都是西方学术的舶来品。
他们给我们输入什么理论、概念和方法,我们就用什么理论、概念和方法;他们建立了什么新的学派,我们就抓紧学习并介绍什么学派。
正是在这层意义上,差序格局的提出显现了它的重要地位,为中国社会学探讨供应了一个重要的范例和理论方向。
缺憾的是,这个概念一花独放了60多年,没有呼应,没有发展。
当中国学术界还没有从根本上建立起中国社会的理论模式之时,代表着中国传统精华的乡土中国正在发生着深刻的社会变迁。
由于我们尚未有现成理论和概念可以套用,造成阅历描述性、总结性成果大量涌现,理论创簇新见。
仅就农夫城乡流淌问题而言,即有“农村剩余劳动力的转移”、“离土不离乡”、“城乡二元结构”、“新生代农夫工”等话语主题。
总之,有关中国农村社会问题探讨所显现的特点始终是阅历探讨不少,而理论概括不足,直至我们在2011年第1期《读书》上读到吴重庆先生写的《从熟人社会到“无主体熟人社会”》一文,才使得我们有机会看到理论苗头的出现。
河南省南阳市六校2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试 数学含解析
2023—2024学年(上)南阳六校高一年级期中考试数学(答案在最后)考生注意:1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置.2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号.回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上.写在本试卷上无效.3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知集合{}{}33,2A x x B x x =-<<=<-,则()A B =R ð()A .(]2,3-B .[]2,3-C .[)2,3-D .()2,3-2.已知,a b ∈R ,则下列选项中,使0a b +<成立的一个充分不必要条件是()A .0a >且0b >B .0a <且0b <C .0a >且0b <D .0a <且0b >3.若关于x 的不等式0ax b ->的解集是(),1-∞-,则关于x 的不等式20ax bx +>的解集为()A .()(),01,-∞+∞ B .()(),10,-∞-+∞ C .()1,0-D .()0,14.已知幂函数()()21af x a a x =--在区间()0,+∞上单调递增,则函数()()11x ag x bb +=->的图象过定点()A .()2,0-B .()0,2-C .()2,0D .()0,25.已知函数()f x 的定义域为(]0,4,则函数()()21xf g x x =-的定义域为()A .()(]0,11,2B .(]1,16C .()(],11,2-∞ D .()(]0,11,166.设1231log 9,,23a b c -⎛⎫=== ⎪⎝⎭,则()A .c a b<<B .a c b<<C .b c a <<D .c b a<<7.已知函数()2f x x x x =-+,则()A .()f x 是偶函数,且在区间(),1-∞-和()1,+∞上单调递减B .()f x 是偶函数,且在区间()(),11,-∞-+∞ 上单调递减C .()f x 是奇函数,且在区间()(),11,-∞-+∞ 上单调递减D .()f x 是奇函数,且在区间(),1-∞-和()1,+∞上单调递减8.已知函数()12131xf x x+=-+,则使得()()21f x f x <+成立的x 的取值范围是()A .11,3⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭B .1,13⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭C .()1,1,3⎛⎫-∞--+∞ ⎪⎝⎭ D .()1,1,3⎛⎫-∞+∞ ⎪⎝⎭二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有多项符合题目要求,全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.9.已知0a b <<,则()A .22a b>B .2ab b>C .11a b<D .11a b a>+10.下列各组中两个函数是同一函数的是()A .()f x =()2g x =B .()f x x =和()g x =C .()3112x f x +⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭和()3112t g t +⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭D .()211x f x x -=+和()1g x x =-11.若函数2xy =的图象上存在不同的两点,A B 到直线l 的距离均为1,则l 的解析式可以是()A .2x =-B .1y =C .1y =-D .y x=12.已知236ab==,则()A .ab a b=+B .4a b +>C .48a b<D .22log log 2a b +>三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.已知集合(){}(){}22,,,,25A x y x y B x y xy =∈=+=N ,则A B 中元素的个数为______.14.已知函数()3212x f x x =-+在区间[]2023,2023-上的最大值为M ,最小值为m ,则M m +=______.15.若函数()11ax f x x -=-在区间()1,+∞上单调递减,则实数a 的取值范围是______.16.已知函数()2,0,2,0,x x x f x x +≤⎧=⎨>⎩则满足()()11f x f x +->的x 的取值范围是______.四、解答题:共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17.(10分)计算:(Ⅰ)20.5310910310.0122162716π--⎛⎫⎛⎫++-+⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭;(Ⅱ)()223343log 48log 18log 2log 3log 16⨯+-+⨯.18.(12分)已知集合{}{}222760,210,0A x x x B x x x m m =-+≤≤=-+->.(Ⅰ)若1m =,求A B ;(Ⅱ)若x A ∈是x B ∈成立的充分不必要条件,求m 的取值范围.19.(12分)已知函数()(0xf x a a =>且1)a ≠的图象经过点()4,4.(Ⅰ)求a 的值;(Ⅱ)比较()2f -与()()22f m m m -∈R 的大小;(Ⅲ)求函数()()133x g x a x -=-≤≤的值域.20.(12分)(Ⅰ)若关于x 的不等式260mx mx m ++-<的解集非空,求实数m 的取值范围;(Ⅱ)若[]2,1x ∀∈-,不等式22mx mx m -<-+恒成立,求实数m 的取值范围.21.(12分)近年来,共享单车的出现为市民“绿色出行”提供了极大的方便,某共享单车公司计划在甲、乙两座城市共投资200万元,每个城市都至少要投资70万元,由前期市场调研可知:在甲城市的收益P (单位:万元)与投入a (单位:万元)满足8P =-,在乙城市的收益Q (单位:万元)与投入a (单位:万元)满足134Q a =+.(Ⅰ)当在甲城市投资125万元时,求该公司的总收益;(Ⅱ)试问:如何安排甲、乙两个城市的投资,才能使总收益最大?22.(12分)已知定义域为R 的函数()133x x nf x m++=+是奇函数.(Ⅰ)求,m n 的值;(Ⅱ)判断()f x 的单调性并用定义证明;(Ⅲ)若当1,23x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时,()()2210f kxf x +->恒成立,求实数k 的取值范围.2023-2024学年(上)南阳六校高一年级期中考试数学・答案一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.1.答案C 命题意图本题考查集合的表示与运算.解析由题意可得{}2B x x =≥-R ð,所以(){}23A B x x =-≤<R ð.2.答案B 命题意图本题考查充分条件与必要条件的应用.解析选项A ,C ,D 都既不是充分条件也不是必要条件,对于B ,由0a <且0b <可得0a b +<,反过来推不出,所以B 符合条件.3.答案D 命题意图本题考查不等式的解法.解析由于关于x 的不等式0ax b ->的解集是(),1-∞-,所以0,0,a ab <⎧⎨--=⎩则有b a =-且0a <,则20ax bx +>等价于0b x x a ⎛⎫+< ⎪⎝⎭,解得01x <<,即不等式20ax bx +>的解集为()0,1.4.答案A 命题意图本题考查幂函数和指数函数的性质.解析因为()()21a f x a a x =--是幂函数,所以211a a --=,解得2a =或1a =-.当2a =时,()2f x x=在()0,+∞上单调递增,当1a =-时,()1f x x=在()0,+∞上单调递减,故2a =.此时()21x g x b +=-,当2x =-时,()20g -=,即()g x 的图保过定点()2,0-.5.答案C 命题意图本题考查函数的定义域.解析要使函数()g x 有意义,则024,10,x x ⎧<≤⎨-≠⎩故1x <或12x <≤,所以()g x 的定义域为()(],11,2-∞ .6.答案A 命题意图本题考查指数和对数的运算.解析因为1233123,2,log 92log 3232b c a -⎛⎫==>===== ⎪⎝⎭,所以c a b <<.7.答案D 命题意图本题考查函数的奇偶性和单调性.解析由题意得()222,0,2,0,x x x f x x x x ⎧-+≥=⎨+<⎩画出函数()f x 的大致图象,如图,观察图象可知,函数()f x 的图象关于原点对称,故函数()f x 为奇函数,单调递减区间是()(),1,1,-∞-+∞.8.答案C 命题意图本题考查偶函数的性质和不等式的解法.解析易知函数()f x 的定义域为R ,且()f x 为偶函数.当0x ≥时,()12131xf x x+=-+,易知此时()f x 单调递增,所以()()()()2121f x f x fx f x <+⇒<+,所以21x x <+,解得1x <-或13x >-.二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.每小题全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.9.答案ABD 命题意图本题考查不等式的性质.解析由0a b <<,得a b >,则22a b >,A 成立;由a b <两边同时乘以b ,不等号反向,得2ab b >,B 成立;由a b <两边同时除以ab ,得11b a<,C 不成立;由0a b <<可得0a b a +<<,同除以()a b a +,可得11a b a>+,D 成立.10.答案BC 命题意图本题考查函数的概念.解析A ,D 中函数的定义域不同.11.答案AD 命题意图本题考查函数的图象与性质.解析分别作出相应的图象,如图:对于A ,容易看出2xy =的图象上存在两点13,8⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭与11,2⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭到直线2x =-的距离均为1,故A 正确;对于B ,2xy =的图象在直线1y =上方的部分仅存在一点()1,2到直线1y =的距离为1,在直线1y =下方的部分满足01y <<,到直线1y =的距离均小于1,故不存在符合条件的两点,故B 错误;对于C ,因为20xy =>,故其图象上所有点到直线1y =-的距离均大于1,故C 错误;对于D ,利用几何知识可以算得点()0,1到直线y x =的距离为212<,由指数函数的图象可知,在点()0,1的两边各存在一点到直线y x =的距离为1,故D 正确.12.答案ABD 命题意图本题考查指数的运算性质.解析对于A ,因为236ab==,所以()()26,36baabba ==,所以26,36ab b ab a ==,所以2366ab ab b a⋅=⋅,所以66aba b +=,所以ab a b =+,故A 正确;对于B ,因为2ab a b ab =+≥,又a b ≠,所以2ab ab >4ab >,所以4a b ab +=>,故B 正确;对于C ,因为23ab=,所以2242398aab b b ===>,故C 错误;对于D ,设()222log log log a b ab t +==,则24ab '=>,所以2t >,故D 正确.三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.答案4命题意图本题考查集合的概念和运算.解析因为2222250534=+=+,所以满足2225x y +=的自然数对有()()()()0,5,5,0,3,4,4,3,即A B中的元素有4个.14.答案2-命题意图本题考查奇函数的概念.解析设函数()322x g x x =+,则()g x 的最大值为1M +,最小值为1m +,容易判断()g x 是奇函数,所以()()110M m +++=,所以2M m +=-.15.答案()1,+∞命题意图本题考查函数的单调性.解析函数()1111ax a f x a x x --==+--,由()1,x ∈+∞时,()f x 单调递减,得10a ->,解得1a >.16.答案()1,-+∞命题意图本题考查分段函数和不等式的解法.解析由题意知,当1x >时,1221xx -+>恒成立;当01x <≤时,2121x x +-+>恒成立;当0x ≤时,由2121x x ++-+>,解得1x >-,所以10x -<≤.综上,x 的取值范围是()1,-+∞.四、解答题:共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17.命题意图本题考查指数和对数的运算性质.解析(Ⅰ)原式12232516432160.012716-⎛⎫⎛⎫=++-+⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭593100241616=++-+100=.(Ⅱ)原式()2232234318log 22log log 3log 42⎡⎤=⨯++⨯⎢⎥⎣⎦()82343log 2log 9log 32log 4=++⨯82212=++=.18.命题意图本题考查集合的运算、充分条件与必要条件的判断.解析由2760x x -+≤得16x ≤≤,故{}16A x x =≤≤,由22210x x m -+-=得121,1x m x m =-=+,因为0m >,故{}11m x m x B -≤≤+=.(Ⅰ)若1m =,则{}02B x x =≤≤,所以{}12A B x x =≤≤ .(Ⅱ)若x A ∈是x B ∈成立的充分不必要条件,则A B Ü,则有11,16,m m -≤⎧⎨+≥⎩解得5m ≥,此时满足A B Ü,所以m 的取值范围是[)5,+∞.19.命题意图本题考查指数函数的性质,函数与不等式的综合.解析(Ⅰ)因为()xf x a =的图象经过点()4,4,所以44a =,又0a >且1a ≠,所以a =1>,所以()xf x =在R 上单调递增.又因为()2222(1)10m m m ---=-+>,所以222m m ->-,所以()()222f f m m -<-.(Ⅲ)当33x -≤≤时,014x ≤-≤,所以1042)x -≤≤,即114x -≤≤,所以()g x 的值域为[]1,4.20.命题意图本题考查一元二次不等式与二次函数.解析(Ⅰ)当0m =时,显然60-<,满足题意;若0m <,显然满足题意;若0m >,则需()2Δ460m m m =-->,解得08m <<.综上,实数m 的取值范围是(),8-∞.(Ⅱ)由题可知,当[]2,1x ∈-时,()2120m x x -+-<恒成立.因为22131024x x x ⎛⎫-+=-+> ⎪⎝⎭,所以()2120m x x -+-<等价于221m x x <-+.因为222211324y x x x ==-+⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭在区间[]2,1-上的最小值为27,所以只需27m <即可,所以实数m 的取值范围是2,7⎛⎫-∞ ⎪⎝⎭.21.命题意图本题考查函数模型的应用和二次函数的性质.解析(Ⅰ)当在甲城市投资125万元时,在乙城市投资75万元,所以总收益为1875363.754-+⨯+=(万元).(Ⅱ)设在甲城市投资x 万元,则在乙城市投资()200x -万元,总收益为()()11820034544f x x x =-+-+=-+,依题意得70,20070,x x ≥⎧⎨-≥⎩解得70130x ≤≤.故()()145701304f x x x =-++≤≤.令t =,则t ∈,所以2145,4y t t =-++∈,因为该二次函数的图象开口向下,且对称轴t =,所以当t =,即80x =时,y 取得最大值65,所以当在甲城市投资80万元,乙城市投资120万元时,总收益最大,且最大总收益为65万元.22.命题意图本题考查函数的综合问题.解析(Ⅰ)因为()f x 在定义域R 上是奇函数,所以()00f =,所以1n =-.又由()()11f f -=-,可得3m =,经检验知,当3,1m n ==-时,原函数是奇函数.(Ⅱ)由(I )知()()131121,333331x x x f x f x +-==-⋅++在R 上是增函数.证明:任取12,x x ∈R ,设12x x <,则()()2112211211212113331333133131x x x x f x f x ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-⋅--⋅=- ⎪ ⎪++++⎝⎭⎝⎭()()211223333131x x x x ⎡⎤-⎢⎥=++⎢⎥⎣⎦,因为12x x <,所以21330x x ->,又()()1231310x x++>,所以()()210f x f x ->,即()()21f x f x >,所以函数()f x 在R 上是增函数.(Ⅲ)因为()f x 是奇函数,所以不等式()()2210f kx f x +->等价于()()()22112f kx f x f x >--=-,因为()f x 在R 上是增函数,所以212kx x >-,即对任意1,23x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,都有212xk x ->成立.设()2212112x g x x x x -⎛⎫==-⋅ ⎪⎝⎭,令11,,32t t x ⎡⎤=∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,则有()212,,32g t t t t ⎡⎤=-∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,所以()max max ()()33g x g t g ===,。
天津市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题(含答案)
天津市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题姓名:__________班级:__________考号:__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、听力理解,第一节听下面五段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)1.What does the woman want the boy to do?A.Have supper.B.Watch TV.C.Go to study.2.What is the man complaining about?A.The stupid box.B.Monica's crying.C.The polluted air.3.When did the canteen prices go up?A.This week.B.Last week.C.Last month.4.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Husband and wife.B.Waiter and customer.C.Shop assistant and customer.5.What will the speakers probably do first tonight?A.Go shopping.B.Have dinner together.C.Go out for a walk.二、听力理解,第二节听下面几段材料。
每段材料后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)听录音,回答问题。
6.How does the woman feel now?A.Sleepy.B.Upset.C.Regretful.7.What is the woman doing?A.Recommending a club.B.Sharing her holiday life.C.Introducing a new friend.8.What does the woman ask the man to do at the end of the conversation?A.Take a good rest.B.Go to the Key Club.C.Pay attention to her email.听录音,回答问题。
高一年级第一学期期中考试数学试卷及其参考答案
高一年级第一学期期中考试数学试卷(基础模块第一章、第二章)一、选择题(每小题5分,共60分)1.下列表示正确的是().A.{ 0 }=∅B.{全体实数}=RC.{ a }∈{a,b,c } D.{ x∈R∣x2+1=0 }=∅2.已知全集U={ 0,1,2,3,4,5},集合A={1,2,5},B={2,3,4},则(U C A)B=().A.{2}B.{0,2,3,4}C.{3,4}D.{1,2,3,4,5}3.已知A={ (x,y) | 2x-y=0 },B={ (x,y) | 3x+2y=7 },则A B=().A.{(2,1)}B.{1,2}C.{(1,2)}D.{x=1,y=2}4.设A={ x | 0< x < 1 },B={ x | x < a } ,若A⊆B,则a的取值范围是().A.[1,+∞) B.(-∞,0]C.[0,+∞)D.(-∞,1]5.已知集合A={ x | x2+14= 0 },若A∩R =∅,则实数m的取值范围是().A.m<1B.m≥1C.0<m<1D.0≤m<16.“A⊆B”是“A B=A”的().A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件7.不等式21-+xx≤0的解集为().A.{ x | x≥2}B.{ x | x≥2或x<-1 }C.{ x|-1<x≤2 }D.{x| x≥2或x≤-1 }8.已知a<b<0,c>0,那么().A.a2<b2B.a b<1C.ca<cb D.ca>cb9.绝对值不等式| 2x-3 |<5的解集是().A.{ x | x<-1或x>4 }B.{ x |-1<x<4 }C.{ x | x<-1 }D.{ x | x>4 }10.与不等式-x2-2x+3>0同解的不等式(组)是().A. x2+2x-3>0B. (x+3)(x-1)<0C.x+3>0x-1D.x+3<0x-1>0⎧⎨⎩a 、b 、c 的大小顺序是( ). A.a>b>c B.c>b>a C.b>a>c D.a>c>b12.若实数0<a <1,则)0>1(a-x)(x-a的解集为( ). A.{ x |1<x<a a } B.{ x | 1<<a x a} C.{ x | 1< >x a 或x a } D.{ x | 1<a >x 或x a}二、填空题(每小题4分,共16分)13.设全集U={ 1,2,3,4,5 },A={ 2,5 },则U C A 的所有子集的个数为 _________. 14.符合条件{a}⊆M {a,c,d}的集合M的个数是 _________.15.设a,b为实数,则“a2=b2”是“a=b”的 _________条件.(填充分或必要)16.不等式2+2m x x+n>0的解集是(11,32-),则不等式2-nx +2x-m >0的解集是 _________.三、解答题(共74分,解答应写出文字说明及演算步骤) 17.已知U={ x |-2<x<7 ,x ∈N },A={ 1,2,4 },B={ 2,3,5}.求: ⑴ A U B ;⑵ A B ;⑶ B C C U U A;⑷ B C C U U A .(12分)18.若集合A={ x | mx 2+2x -1 = 0 , m ∈R , x ∈R }中有且仅有一个元素,那么m 的值是多少?(12分)19.设集合A={ x | x 2-3x +2 = 0 },B = { x | x 2+2(a +1)x +(a 2-5) = 0 },若A B = { 2 },求实数a的值.(12分) 20.解不等式x+23-x≤1.(12分) 21.设全集为R ,A={ x | |x-1|<3 },B={ x | x 2-x -2≥0 },求A B ,A U B ,A CB .(12分)22.已知集合A={ x | x 2-x -12 ≤0 },集合B={ x | m -1≤x ≤2m +3 },若A U B=A ,求实数m 的取值范围.(14分)高一年级第一学期期中考试数学试卷参考答案二、填空题(每小题4分,共16分)13、 8 14、 3 15、 必要 16、 (-2,3)三、解答题:(22题14分,17~21题每题12分,共计74分)17.解:U={ 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 }. ⑴A U B={1,2,3,4,5}.⑵A B={2}.⑶B C C U U A ={ 0,3,5,6 }U { 0,1,4,6 }={ 0,1,3,4,5,6, }. ⑷ B C C U U A={ 0,3,5,6 } { 0,1,4,6 }={ 0,6 }.18. 解:当m=0时, A=12⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭,符合题意.当m ≠0时,要使集合A 中有且仅有一个元素,必须 方程mx 2+2x -1 = 0有两个相等实数根, ∴ 2∆=2+4m =0, 即m=-1,综上所述,m=0或m=-1. 19. 解:A={ 1,2 }∵ A B={ 2 }, ∴ 2 B, ∴ 2是方程x 2+2(a +1)x +(a 2-5) = 0的根,把x=2代入此方程得2a +4a+3=0, ∴ a=-1或a=-3, 当a=-1时,B={ -2,2 }, A B={ 2 },符合题意. 当a=-3时,B={ 2 }, A B={ 2 },符合题意. 综上所述,a 的值为-1或3. 20. 解:原不等式⇔x+2-13-x ≤0⇔x+2-(3-x)3-x ≤0⇔2x-13-x≤0 ⇔2x-1x-3≥00≠⎧⇔⎨⎩x-3(2x-1)(x-3)≥012⇔x ≤或x>3, ∴ 解集为12{x |x ≤或x>3}. 21. 解:解|x-1|<3得-2<x<4, 故A=(-2,4).解x 2-x -2≥0得x ≤-1或x ≥2, 故B=(-∞,-1]∪[2,+∞).∴ A B=(-2,-1]∪[2,4),A U B=R,A C B=(-2,4) (-1,2)=(-1,2).22.解: 解x2-x-12 ≤0得-3≤x≤4, 故A=[-3,4],由A U B=A,知B A,∴⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩m-1≤2m+3,m-1≥-3,2m+3≤4,即12⎧⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎩m≥-4,m≥-2,m≤,∴ -2≤m≤12.。
河南省郑州市第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试数学试题
郑州一中2022~2023学年上学期期中考试高一(数学)试题说明: 1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题),满分150分。
2.考试时间:120分钟。
3.将第Ⅰ卷的答案代表字母填(涂)在答题卡上。
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题,共60分)一、单项选择题(本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.)1.已知集合,,则( )A .B . C .D .2.已知非空数集A ,B ,命题p :对于,都有,则p 的否定是( )A .对于,都有B .对于,都有C .,使得D .,使得3.函数f (x )=2x +13-x-(x +3)0的定义域是( )A .(-∞,-3)∪(3,+∞) B. (-∞,-3)∪(-3,3)C .(-∞,-3)D .(-∞,3)4.祖暅原理也称祖氏原理,一个涉及几何求积的著名命题.内容为:“幂势既同,则积不容异”.“幂”是截面积,“势”是几何体的高.意思是两个等高的几何体,如果在等高处的截面积相等,则体积相等.设A ,B 为两个等高的几何体,p :A ,B 的体积相等,q :A ,B 在同一高处的截面积相等.根据祖暅原理可知,p 是q 的( )A.充分必要条件 B .充分不必要条件C.必要不充分条件 D .既不充分也不必要条件5.关于的不等式的解集为,则关于的不等式 的解集为 ( )A .B .C .D .6.定义在上的偶函数满足:对任意的,有{}0,1,2,3,4,5A ={}15B x x =∈-<<N A B = {}2,3,4{}1,2,3,4{}0,1,2,3,4{}0,1,2,3,4,5x A ∀∈x B ∈x A ∀∈x B ∉x A ∀∉x B ∉0x A ∃∈0x B ∈0x A ∃∈0x B∉x 220ax bx ++>(1,2)-x 220bx ax -->(2,1)-(,2)(1,)-∞-+∞ (,1)(2,)-∞-+∞ (1,2)-R ()f x [)()12120,,x x x x ∈+∞≠,则,,的大小关系为( )A .B .C .D .7.函数的图象大致为( )A . B . C . D .8.中国宋代数学家秦九韶曾提出“三斜求积术”,即假设在平面内有一个边长分别为的三角形,其面积可由公式求得,其中,这个公式也被称为海伦-秦九韶公式,现有一个三角形的三边长满足,则此三角形面积的最大值为( )A .6B .610C .12D .1210二、多项选择题(本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中有多个选项是符合题目要求的,全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分).9.下列叙述正确的是( )A.若P ={(1,2)},则B.{x |x >1}⊆{y |y ≥1}C.M ={(x ,y )|x +y =1},N ={y |x +y =1},则M =ND.{2,4}有3个非空子集10.若 则( )A .B .C .D.11.若,则下列关系正确的是( )A .B .CD .12.已知,都是定义在上的函数,其中是奇函数,是()()21210f x f x x x -<-()2f -()2.7f()3f -()()()2.732f f f <-<-()()()2 2.73f f f -<<-()()()32 2.7f f f -<-<()()()3 2.72f f f -<<-()112x f x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭a b c ,,S S =1=)2p a b c ++(146a b c +==,P ∅∈0a b >>22ac bc >a c b c ->-22a b>11a b <4455x y x y ---<-x y <33y x -->>133y x-⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭()f x ()g x R ()f x ()g x偶函数,且,则下列说法正确的是( )A .为偶函数B .C .为定值D .第Ⅱ卷 ( 非选择题,共90分)三、填空题(本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.)13.已知集合A ={﹣1,0,1},B ={a 2,1},若B ⊆A,则实数a 的值是 .14.若,则的取值范围是 .15.已知函数(且)在区间上是减函数,则实数的取值范围是________.16.高斯是德国著名的数学家,用其名字命名的“高斯函数”为,其中表示不超过x 的最大整数.例如:,.已知函数,,若,则________;不等式的解集为________.四、解答题(本题共6小题,17题10分其它题均为12分,共70分.) 17.(本小题10分)(1)求值:;(2)已知,求值:.18.(本小题12分)设集合,集合.(1)若,求和(2)设命题,命题,若是成立的必要条件,求实数的取值范围.19.(本小题12分)在①,②这两个条件中任选一个,补()()2x f x g x +=()()f g x ()00g =()()22g x f x -()()2,02,0x x x f x g x x -⎧≥+=⎨<⎩33(1)(32)a a +<-a y =0a >1a ≠[1,2]a []y x =[]x [ 2.1]3-=-[3.1]3=()()|1|3[]f x x x =--[)0,2x ∈5()2f x =x =()f x x ≤()31211203320.2521624------⨯⨯+⎛⎫⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭11223(0)a a a -+=>22111a a a a --++++{|13}A x x =-<<{|22}B x a x a =-<<+2a =A B A B:p x A ∈:q x B ∈p q a []2,2x ∀∈-[]1,3x ∃∈充到下面问题的横线中,并求解该问题.已知函数.(1)当时,求函数在区间上的值域;(2)若______,,求实数a 的取值范围.20.(本小题12分)某公司生产某种电子仪器的固定成本为20000元,每生产一台仪器需要增加投入100元,设月产量为台,当不超过400台时总收入为元,当超过400台时总收入为80000元.(1)将利润(单位:元)表示为月产量的函数;(2)当月产量为何值时,公司所获利润最大?最大利润为多少元?(总收入=总成本+利润)21.(本小题12分)已知不等式的解集为.(1)求的值,(2)若,,,求的最大值.22.(本小题12分)已知函数,.(1)证明:函数在上单调递增;(2)若存在且,使得的定义域和值域都是,求的取值范围.0m n <<()24f x x ax =++2a =-()f x []22-,()0f x ≥x x 214002x x -x P x 5111133x +≤≤(()[],a b a b ,0m >0n >0bm n a ++=mn m n+()2211a f x a a x+=-0a >()f x ()0,+∞,m n ()f x [,]m n a。
福建省厦门双十中学2023~2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题(含答案)
厦门双十中学2023—2024学年第一学期高一年期中考试英语试题注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 请认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项,在答题卡上与题号相对应的答题区域内答题,写在试卷、草稿纸上或答题卡非题号对应答题区域的答案一律无效。
不得用规定以外的笔和纸答题,不得在答题卡上做任何标记。
3. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
4. 考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分20分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the woman come so early?A. To practice her story.B. To prepare for the exam.C. To tell the man about her story.2. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Nurse and patient.B. ColleaguesC. Friends.3. What will the woman do?A. Teach the kids to play soccer.B. Do Sally a favor.C. Pick up the man’s medicine.4. What happened to the woman yesterday?A. She gave her friend a lift.B. She caught a train home.C. Her car broke down.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a bus stopB. At an airport.C. At a restaurant.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试数学试题(含答案)
福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年第一学期期中考试高一数学(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上.2.选择题答案必须用2B 铅笔将答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案.答案不能答在试卷上.3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答.答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案,不准使用铅笔和涂改液,不按以上方式作答无效.4.考试结束后,将答题卡交回.一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 已知集合{}2,0,3A =,{}2,3B =,则( )A. A B= B. A B ⋂=∅C. A BD. B A2. 设,,R a b c ∈,且a b >,则下列结论正确的是( )A. 22a b > B.11a b< C. 22a b > D. 22ac bc >3. 已知函数()()()2221f x x a x a =+-+-为奇函数,则a 的值是( )A. 1B. 2C. 1或2D. 04. “2log 2x <”是“13x <<”的( )A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件C. 充分必要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件5. 在同一直角坐标系中,函数()(0),()log aa f x x x g x x =≥=的图像可能是( )A. B.C. D.6. “学如逆水行舟,不进则退;心似平原跑马,易放难收”(明·《增广贤文》)是勉励人们专心学习的.如果每天的“进步”率都是1%,那么一年后是36536511% 1.01+=();如果每天的“退步”率都是1%,那么一年后是36536511%0.99-=().一年后“进步”的是“退步”的3653653651.01 1.0114810.990.99=≈(倍.如果每天的“进步”率和“退步”率都是20%,那么大约经过( )天后“进步”的是“退步”的一万倍.(lg 20.3010,lg 30.4771≈≈)A. 20B. 21C. 22D. 237. 已知130.9a =,0.913b ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,271log 92c =,则( )A a c b<< B. b c a << C. b a c << D. c b a<<8. 已知定义域为()0,∞+函数()f x 满足对于任意1x ,()20,x ∈+∞,12x x ≠,都有()()1221211x f x x f x x x ->-,且()32f =,则不等式()1f x x <-的解集为( )A. (),2-∞ B. ()0,2 C. ()0,3 D. ()2,3二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.9. 下列说法中正确的有( )A. 命题p :0R x ∃∈,200220x x ++<,则命题p 否定是R x ∀∈,2220xx++>.的的B. “0m <”是“关于x 的方程220x x m -+=有一正一负根”的充要条件C. 奇函数()f x 和偶函数()g x 的定义域都是R ,则函数()()()=h x f g x 为偶函数>”是“x y >”的必要条件10. 若0a >,0b >,且4a b +=,则下列不等式恒成立的( )A.114ab ≥ B.122a b+≥ C.2≥ D. 228a b +≥11. 双曲余弦函数e e ch 2x xx -+=常出现于某些重要的线性微分方程的解中,譬如说定义悬链线和拉普拉斯方程等,其图象如图.已知函数()2e e 122023x x f x x -+=+,则满足)()2ff a <+的整数a 的取值可以是( )A. -1B. 0C. 1D. 212. 已知函数()f x 的定义域为[)0,∞+,当[]0,2x ∈时,()[](]242,0,142,1,2x x x f x x x ⎧-∈⎪=⎨-∈⎪⎩,当2x >,()()2f x mf x =-(m 为非零常数).则下列说法正确的是( )A. 当2m =时,()5.52f =B. 当12m =时,()y f x =的图象与曲线4log y x =的图象有3个交点C. 若对任意的[)12,0,x x ∈+∞,都有()()124f x f x -≤,则1m ≤D. 当01m <<,n +∈N 时,()y f x =的图象与直线12n y m -=在[]0,2n 内的交点个数是21n -三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13. 若函数)311x fx +=-,则43f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭______.14. 已知集合{}22,1,0,1,2,{|ln(34)}A B x y x x =--==--,则A B = ______.15. 求值:31114log 1032631190.027log 2811log 2-⎛⎫+-++= ⎪+⎝⎭______.16. 已知正数x ,y ,z 满足222321x y z ++=,则1zs xyz+=的最小值为______.四、解答题:本题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17. 已知集合{}22|430A x x ax a =-+<,集合{|(3)(2)0}B x x x =--≥.(1)当a =1时,求A B ⋂,A B ⋃;(2)设a >0,若“x ∈A ”是“x ∈B ”的必要不充分条件,求实数a 的取值范围.18. 已知函数()22(11)1xf x x x =-<<-.(1)判断函数()f x 的奇偶性,并说明理由;(2)判断函数()f x 的单调性并证明.19. 已知函数()f x 满足()()()()2,f x y f x f y x y +=+-∈R ,且()26f =.(1)求()0f ,判断函数()()2g x f x =-奇偶性,并证明你的结论;(2)若对任意x y ≠,都有()()()0f x f y x y -->⎡⎤⎣⎦成立,且当(]0,4x ∈时,不等式()18f x f m x ⎛⎫+-≥ ⎪⎝⎭恒成立,求实数m 取值范围.20. 已知实数a 满足123a ≤,1log 32a ≤.(1)求实数a 的取值范围;(2)若1a >,()()()()ln 1ln 12R aa f x mx x a x m =++---∈,且12f a ⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭,求12f ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的值.21. 杭州亚运会田径比赛 10月5日迎来收官,在最后两个竞技项目男女马拉松比赛中,中国选手何杰以2小时13分02秒夺得男子组冠军,这是中国队亚运史上首枚男子马拉松金牌.人类长跑运动一般分为两个阶段,第一阶段为前1小时的稳定阶段,第二阶段为疲劳阶段. 现一60kg 的复健马拉松运动员进行4小时长跑训练,假设其稳定阶段作速度为 130km /h v =的匀速运动,该阶段每千克体重消耗体力1112Q t v ∆=⨯(1t 表示该阶段所用时间),疲劳阶段由于体力消耗过大变为 223010v t =-的减速运动(2t 表示该阶段所用时间).疲劳阶段速度降低,体力得到一定恢复,该阶段每千克体重消耗体力的的22222,1t v Q t ⨯∆=+已知该运动员初始体力为010000,Q kJ =不考虑其他因素,所用时间为t (单位:h ),请回答下列问题:(1)请写出该运动员剩余体力Q 关于时间t 的函数()Q t ;(2)该运动员在4小时内何时体力达到最低值,最低值为多少?22. 已知函数()()9230xx mf x m +=-⋅>.(1)当1m =时,求不等式()27f x ≤的解集;(2)若210x x >>且212x x m =,试比较()1f x 与()2f x 的大小关系;(3)令()()()g x f x f x =+-,若()y g x =在R 上的最小值为11-,求m 的值.福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年第一学期期中考试高一数学(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上.2.选择题答案必须用2B 铅笔将答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案.答案不能答在试卷上.3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答.答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案,不准使用铅笔和涂改液,不按以上方式作答无效.4.考试结束后,将答题卡交回.一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 已知集合{}2,0,3A =,{}2,3B =,则( )A. A B =B. A B ⋂=∅C. A BD. B A【答案】D 【解析】【详解】根据集合相等的概念,集合交集运算法则,集合包含关系等知识点直接判断求解.【分析】因为集合{}2,0,3A =,{}2,3B =,所以A B ≠,{}2,3A B ⋂=, B 是A 的真子集,所以A,B,C 错误,D 正确.故选:D2. 设,,R a b c ∈,且a b >,则下列结论正确的是( )A. 22a b > B.11a b< C. 22a b > D. 22ac bc >【答案】C 【解析】【分析】利用特殊值举反例排除即可得到答案.【详解】对于A ,若0,1a b ==-,则22<a b ,故A 错误;对于B ,若1,1a b ==-,则11a b>,故B 错误;对于C ,由于2x y =在R 上单调递增,所以a b >时,22a b >,故C 正确;对于D ,若0c =,则22ac bc =,故D 错误.故选:C3. 已知函数()()()2221f x x a x a =+-+-为奇函数,则a 的值是( )A. 1B. 2C. 1或2D. 0【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据奇函数()00f =得到a 值再用定义法验证即可.【详解】因为函数()()()2221f x x a x a =+-+-为奇函数,定义域为(),-∞+∞,所以()()()0210f a a =--=,解得1a =或2a =,当1a =时,()()221f x xx =-,则()()()221f x x x f x -=--≠-,不满足题意;当2a =时,()()221f x x x =+,则()()()221f x x x f x -=-+=-,满足题意.所以a 的值是2.故选:B4. “2log 2x <”是“13x <<”的( )A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件C. 充分必要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据充分条件、必要条件的概念和对数函数相关概念求解即可.【详解】由22log 2log 4x <=,解得04<<x ,由“04<<x ”是“13x <<”的必要不充分条件,所以“2log 2x <”是“13x <<”的必要不充分条件.故选:B5. 在同一直角坐标系中,函数()(0),()log aa f x x x g x x =≥=的图像可能是( )的A. B.C. D.【答案】D 【解析】【分析】通过分析幂函数和对数函数的特征可得解.【详解】函数()0ay xx =≥,与()log 0a y x x =>,答案A 没有幂函数图像,答案B.()0ay x x =≥中1a >,()log 0a y x x =>中01a <<,不符合,答案C ()0ay xx =≥中01a <<,()log 0a y x x =>中1a >,不符合,答案D ()0ay xx =≥中01a <<,()log 0a y x x =>中01a <<,符合,故选D.【点睛】本题主要考查了幂函数和对数函数的图像特征,属于基础题.6. “学如逆水行舟,不进则退;心似平原跑马,易放难收”(明·《增广贤文》)是勉励人们专心学习的.如果每天的“进步”率都是1%,那么一年后是36536511% 1.01+=();如果每天的“退步”率都是1%,那么一年后是36536511%0.99-=().一年后“进步”的是“退步”的3653653651.01 1.0114810.990.99=≈(倍.如果每天的“进步”率和“退步”率都是20%,那么大约经过( )天后“进步”的是“退步”的一万倍.(lg 20.3010,lg 30.4771≈≈)A. 20 B. 21C. 22D. 23【答案】D 【解析】【分析】根据题意可列出方程10000(10.2) 1.2x x ⨯-=,求解即可,【详解】设经过x 天“进步“的值是“退步”的值的10000倍,则10000(10.2) 1.2x x ⨯-=,即1.2(100000.8x=,1.20.8lg10000log 10000231.2lg3lg20.1761lg l 4443g 20.8x ∴====≈≈-,故选:D .7. 已知130.9a =,0.913b ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,271log 92c =,则( )A. a c b <<B. b c a <<C. b a c <<D. c b a<<【答案】D 【解析】【分析】根据指数函数的单调性和对数运算法则计算即可.【详解】由题意得,3227311121log 9log 322233c ===⨯=;因为13xy ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭在R 上单调递减,所以10.90.5111333⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭<<,由于0.510.73⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭,所以10.73b <<;因为0.9x y =在R 上单调递减,所以1130.90.90.9a ==.所以c b a <<.故选:D8. 已知定义域为()0,∞+的函数()f x 满足对于任意1x ,()20,x ∈+∞,12x x ≠,都有()()1221211x f x x f x x x ->-,且()32f =,则不等式()1f x x <-的解集为( )A. (),2-∞ B. ()0,2 C. ()0,3 D. ()2,3【答案】C 【解析】【分析】将()()1221211x f x x f x x x ->-变为()()2121110f x f x x x ++->,结合构造函数())1(),(0f x xg x x +=>,即可判断()g x 的单调性,由此将不等式()1f x x <-可化为()(3)g x g <,结合函数单调性,即可得答案.【详解】由题意知对于任意1x ,()20,x ∈+∞,12x x ≠,不妨设12x x <,则210x x ->,由()()1221211x f x x f x x x ->-得()()12212110x f x x f x x x -->-,即()()21122121110f x f x x x x x x x ⎡⎤++-⎢⎥⎣⎦>-,结合21120,0x x x x ->>得()()2121110f x f x x x ++->,即()()212111f x f x x x ++>,设())1(),(0f x xg x x +=>,则该函数在()0,∞+上单调递增,且()3(3)113f g =+=,则()1f x x <-即()11f x x+<,即()(3)g x g <,故03x <<,即不等式()1f x x <-的解集为()0,3,故选:C二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.9. 下列说法中正确的有( )A. 命题p :0R x ∃∈,200220x x ++<,则命题p 的否定是R x ∀∈,2220x x ++>B. “0m <”是“关于x 的方程220x x m -+=有一正一负根”的充要条件C. 奇函数()f x 和偶函数()g x 的定义域都是R ,则函数()()()=h x f gx 为偶函数>”是“x y >”的必要条件【答案】BC 【解析】【详解】根据含有一个量词命题的否定可判断A ;判断“0m <”和“关于x 的方程220x x m -+=有一正一负根”之间的逻辑关系可判断B ;根据函数奇偶性定义判断C ;判断>”和“x y >”的推出关系可的判断D.【分析】对于A ,命题p :0R x ∃∈,200220x x ++<,则命题p 的否定是R x ∀∈,2220x x ++≥,A 错误;对于B ,当0m <时,对于220x x m -+=有440m ∆=->,即方程有两个不等实根,设为12,x x ,则120x x m =<,即12,x x 一正一负;当220x x m -+=有一正一负根时,只需满足120x x <,即0m <,即“0m <”是“关于x 的方程220x x m -+=有一正一负根”的充要条件,B 正确;对于C ,由题意知()h x 的定义域为R ,由()(),()()f x f x g x g x -=--=可得()()()(())()h x f g x f g x h x -=-==,即函数()()()=h x f g x 为偶函数,C 正确;对于D >0x y >≥,反之,当x y >,比如0x y >>故>”是“x y >”的充分条件,D 错误,故选:BC 10. 若0a >,0b >,且4a b +=,则下列不等式恒成立的( )A. 114ab ≥B. 122a b +≥C. 2≥D. 228a b +≥【答案】AD【解析】【分析】运用基本不等式和特殊值法判断各个选项即可.【详解】对于A 和C ,因为0a >,0b >,所以4a b +=≥2≤,当且仅当2a b ==时等号成立,故04ab ≤<,则114ab ≥,故A 正确,C 错误;对于B ,代入2a b ==,12131222a b +=+=<,故B 错误;对于D ,()22282a b a b++≥=,当且仅当2a b ==时等号成立,故D 正确.故选:AD11. 双曲余弦函数e e ch 2x xx -+=常出现于某些重要的线性微分方程的解中,譬如说定义悬链线和拉普拉斯方程等,其图象如图.已知函数()2e e 122023x x f x x -+=+,则满足)()2f f a <+的整数a 的取值可以是( )A. -1B. 0C. 1D. 2【答案】BCD【解析】【分析】判断函数()2e e 122023x x f x x -+=+的奇偶性以及单调性,则由)()2f f a <+可得||2|a <+,将各选项中的数代入验证,即可得答案.【详解】由题意知()2e e 122023x x f x x -+=+的定义域为R ,()2e e 1()22)0(23x x f x f x x -+-==+-,即()f x 为偶函数,又0x >时,e 1x >,令e ,(1)x t t =>,且e x t =在(0,)+∞上单调递增,函数1y t t=+(1,)+∞上单调递增,故e e 2x xy -+=在(0,)+∞上单调递增,则()2e e 122023x x f x x -+=+在(0,)+∞上单调递增,在(,0)-∞上单调递减,故由)()2f f a <+得|||2|a <+,将各选项中的数代入验证,0,1,2适合,在故选:BCD12. 已知函数()f x 的定义域为[)0,∞+,当[]0,2x ∈时,()[](]242,0,142,1,2x x x f x x x ⎧-∈⎪=⎨-∈⎪⎩,当2x >,()()2f x mf x =-(m 为非零常数).则下列说法正确的是( )A. 当2m =时,()5.52f =B. 当12m =时,()y f x =的图象与曲线4log y x =的图象有3个交点C. 若对任意的[)12,0,x x ∈+∞,都有()()124f x f x -≤,则1m ≤D. 当01m <<,n +∈N 时,()y f x =的图象与直线12n y m -=在[]0,2n 内的交点个数是21n -【答案】BCD【解析】【分析】化简得到()()22f x f x +=,进而求得则()5.54f =,可判定A 错误;当12m =时,作出函数()y f x =的图象与曲线4log y x =的图象,结合图象,可判定B 正确;根据题意得出函数()f x 的值域对m 进行分类讨论,可判定C 正确;由()y f x =的图象与直线12n y m -=在[]0,2n 内的交点个数可判定D 正确.【详解】当2m =时,函数()()22f x f x =-可转化为()()22f x f x +=,则()()()()()5.5 3.522 3.521.524 1.5414f f f f =+==+==⨯=,所以A 错误;当12m =时,函数()y f x =的图象与曲线4log y x =的图象,如图所示,可得函数()y f x =的图象与曲线4log y x =的图象有3个交点,所以B 正确;对于C 中,依题意,max min ()()4f x f x -<,当[]0,2x ∈时,函数()f x 的值域为[]0,2;当1m >时,若[]0,2x ∈时,可得函数()f x 的值域为[]0,2,若(2,4]x ∈时,函数()f x 的值域为[]0,2m ;若6(4],x ∈时,函数()f x 的值域为20,2m ⎡⎤⎣⎦, ;随着x 依次取值,值域将变成[0,)+∞,不符合题意,若1m <-时,若[]0,2x ∈时,可得函数()f x 的值域为[]0,2,若(2,4]x ∈时,函数()f x 的值域为[]2,0m ;max min ()()224f x f x m -³->,不符合题意,所以C 正确;对于D ,当[]0,2x ∈时,可得函数()f x 的值域为[]0,2,当(2,4]x ∈时,函数()f x 的值域为[]0,2m ;当6(4],x ∈时,函数()f x 的值域为20,2m ⎡⎤⎣⎦……,当(24],22x n n ∈--时,函数()f x 的值域为20,2n m-⎡⎤⎣⎦,当(22,2]x n n ∈-时,函数()f x 的值域为10,2n m -⎡⎤⎣⎦当(2,22]x n n ∈+时,函数()f x 的值域为0,2n m ⎡⎤⎣⎦,若01m <<,12222n n m m m -<<<<,由图象可知,()y f x =的图象与直线12n y m -=在区间[]0,2,(2,4],……,],(2242n n --上均有2个交点,在(22],2n n -上有一个交点,在(2,)n +∞上无交点,所以()y f x =的图象与直线12n y m -=在[]0,2n 内的交点个数是21n -,所以D 正确.故选:BCD.【点睛】本题解题关键是准确作出函数的图象,数形结合可得判断B ,D ,利用()()22f x f x +=迭代可判断A ,对于C ,分1m >和1m <-两种情况讨论可判断.三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13. 若函数)311x fx +=-,则43f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭______.【答案】72-## 3.5-【解析】【分析】根据题意,令19x =,准确运算,即可求解.【详解】由函数)311x f x ++=-,令19x =,可得13479()1)13219f f +=+==--.故答案为:72-.14 已知集合{}22,1,0,1,2,{|ln(34)}A B x y x x =--==--,则A B = ______.【答案】{}2-【解析】【分析】根据不等式的解法和对数函数的性质,求得集合B ,结合集合并集的运算,即可求解.【详解】由不等式234(4)(1)0x x x x --=-+>,解得1x <-或>4x ,即{|1B x x =<-或4}x >,因为集合{}2,1,0,1,2A =--,所以{}2A B =-I .故答案为:{}2-.15. 求值:31114log 1032631190.027log 2811log 2-⎛⎫+-++= ⎪+⎝⎭______.【答案】8【解析】【分析】根据指对幂运算法则进行计算即可.【详解】由题意得,391log 10log 1029019==,1413181⎛⎫ =⎝=⎪⎭,3130.02710-==,66663311l 1og 2log 2log 2log 1log 2log 63+=+=+=+,所以原式110101833=+-+=.故答案为:816. 已知正数x ,y ,z 满足222321x y z ++=,则1z s xyz+=的最小值为______.【答案】【解析】【分析】先代换1z +,结合基本不等式求解可得答案..【详解】因为222321x y z ++=,所以()()22232111z z x y z +=-=-+;易知1z <,所以221132z zx y +=-+;所以()221321xyz z z x y s xyz ++==-,由()114z z -≤,当且仅当12z =时取等号,可得()22432s y x y x +≥=≥,当且仅当228323x y ==,即x y ==时,取到最小值.故答案为:.四、解答题:本题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17. 已知集合{}22|430A x x ax a =-+<,集合{|(3)(2)0}B x x x =--≥.(1)当a =1时,求A B ⋂,A B ⋃;(2)设a >0,若“x ∈A ”是“x ∈B ”的必要不充分条件,求实数a 的取值范围.【答案】(1){}|23A B x x =≤< ,{}|13A B x x ⋃=<≤;(2)12a <<.【解析】【分析】(1)化简集合A ,B ,再利用交集、并集的定义直接计算得解.(2)由“x ∈A ”是“x ∈B ”的必要不充分条件可得集合B A ,再利用集合的包含关系列出不等式组求解即得.【小问1详解】当a =1时,{}{}|(1)(30)|13A x x x x x -<=<-=<,{|()()}{|23}320B x x x x x =≤-≤≤=-,所以{}|23A B x x =≤< ,{}|13A B x x ⋃=<≤.【小问2详解】因为a >0,则{}|3A x a x a =<<,由(1)知,{|23}B x x =≤≤,因为“x ∈A ”是“x ∈B ”的必要不充分条件,于是得B A ,则有233a a <⎧⎨>⎩,解得12a <<,所以实数a 的取值范围是12a <<.18. 已知函数()22(11)1x f x x x =-<<-.(1)判断函数()f x 的奇偶性,并说明理由;(2)判断函数()f x 的单调性并证明.【答案】(1)()f x 是奇函数,理由见解析(2)()f x 在(1,1)-上单调递减,证明见解析【解析】【分析】(1)根据函数奇偶性定义进行判断证明;(2)根据函数单调性定义进行证明.【小问1详解】()f x 是奇函数,理由如下:函数()22(11)1x f x x x =-<<-,则定义域关于原点对称,因为()()221x f x f x x --==--,所以()f x 是奇函数;【小问2详解】任取1211x x -<<<,则22121211221222221212222222()()11(1)(1)x x x x x x x x f x f x x x x x --+-=-=---- 1221211221222212122()2()2(1)()(1)(1)(1)(1)x x x x x x x x x x x x x x -+-+-==----,因为1211x x -<<<,所以2212211210,0,10,10x x x x x x +>->-<-<,所以12())0(f x f x ->,所以()f x 在(1,1)-上单调递减.19. 已知函数()f x 满足()()()()2,f x y f x f y x y +=+-∈R ,且()26f =.(1)求()0f ,判断函数()()2g x f x =-的奇偶性,并证明你的结论;(2)若对任意x y ≠,都有()()()0f x f y x y -->⎡⎤⎣⎦成立,且当(]0,4x ∈时,不等式()18f x f m x ⎛⎫+-≥ ⎪⎝⎭恒成立,求实数m 的取值范围.【答案】(1)()02f =,函数()()2g x f x =-是奇函数,证明见解析(2)(],0-∞【解析】【分析】(1)利用赋值法即可求得()02f =,利用奇函数定义和已知条件即可证明函数()()2g x f x =-奇偶性;(2)根据条件得到函数()f x 单调性,再结合题中条件将原不等式化简,将恒成立问题转化为最值问题进而求解.【小问1详解】因为函数()f x 满足()()()()2,f x y f x f y x y +=+-∈R ,所以令0y =,得到()()()20f x f x f =+-,所以()02f =;函数()()2g x f x =-定义域为(),-∞+∞,因为()()()()()()()422020g x g x f x f x f x f x f +-=+--=+---=-=⎡⎤⎣⎦,所以函数()()2g x f x =-奇函数【小问2详解】因为对任意x y ≠,都有()()()0f x f y x y -->⎡⎤⎣⎦成立,所以函数()f x 在(),-∞+∞单调递增,不等式()18f x f m x ⎛⎫+-≥ ⎪⎝⎭,即()126f x f m x ⎛⎫+--≥ ⎪⎝⎭,即()()122f x f m f x ⎛⎫+--≥⎪⎝⎭,即()12f x m f x ⎛⎫+-≥ ⎪⎝⎭,所以12x m x +-≥,所以12m x x≤+-对(]0,4x ∈恒成立,因为12x x +≥=,当且仅当1x x =,即1x =时等号成立,所以min12220m x x ⎛⎫≤+-=-= ⎪⎝⎭,即实数m 的取值范围为(],0-∞20. 已知实数a 满足123a ≤,1log 32a ≤.(1)求实数a 的取值范围;(2)若1a >,()()()()ln 1ln 12R a a f x mx x a x m =++---∈,且12f a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,求12f ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的值.【答案】(1)(0,1){9} 是(2)-13【解析】【分析】(1)根据指数幂的含义以及对数函数的单调性分别求得a 的取值范围,综合可得答案;(2)由题意确定a 的值,化简()f x ,由12f a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭可得919()9ln 322m =+-,再由911(9ln 222f m ⎛⎫-=-- -⎪⎝⎭,两式相加即可求得答案.【小问1详解】由123a ≤可得09a ≤≤,当01a <<时,由1log 32a ≤得12log 3log a a a ≤,则123,09a a ≤∴<≤,故01a <<;当1a >时,由1log 32a ≤得12log 3log a a a ≤,则123,9a a ≥∴≥,故9a ≥;综合可得实数a 的取值范围(0,1){9} ;【小问2详解】由题意知1a >,则9a =,则()()()99ln 19ln 12f x mx x x =++---,需满足11x -<<,则()919ln 21x f x mx x+=+--,故由12f a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭得919(9ln 322m =+-,则9119ln 3222f m ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=--- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,则1194,1322f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+=-∴-=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭.21. 杭州亚运会田径比赛 10月5日迎来收官,在最后两个竞技项目男女马拉松比赛中,中国选手何杰以2小时13分02秒夺得男子组冠军,这是中国队亚运史上首枚男子马拉松金牌.人类长跑运动一般分为两个阶段,第一阶段为前1小时的稳定阶段,第二阶段为疲劳阶段. 现一60kg 的复健马拉松运动员进行4小时长跑训练,假设其稳定阶段作速度为 130km /h v =的匀速运动,该阶段每千克体重消耗体力1112Q t v ∆=⨯(1t 表示该阶段所用时间),疲劳阶段由于体力消耗过大变为 223010v t =-的减速运动(2t 表示该阶段所用时间).疲劳阶段速度降低,体力得到一定恢复,该阶段每千克体重消耗体力22222,1t v Q t ⨯∆=+已知该运动员初始体力为010000,Q kJ =不考虑其他因素,所用时间为t (单位:h ),请回答下列问题:(1)请写出该运动员剩余体力Q 关于时间t 的函数()Q t ;(2)该运动员在4小时内何时体力达到最低值,最低值为多少?【答案】(1)()100003600,0148004001200,14t t Q t t t t -<≤⎧⎪=⎨++<≤⎪⎩(2)2t =时有最小值,最小值为5200kJ .【解析】【分析】(1)先写出速度v 关于时间t 的函数,进而求出剩余体力Q 关于时间t 的函数;(2)分01t <≤和14t <≤两种情况,结合函数单调性,结合基本不等式,求出最值.【小问1详解】由题可先写出速度v 关于时间t 的函数()()30,0130101,14t v t t t <≤⎧=⎨--<≤⎩,代入1ΔQ 与2ΔQ 公式可得()()()1000060230,016012301016400,1411t t Q t t t t t -⋅⋅⨯<≤⎧⎪=⎡⎤-⋅--⎨⎣⎦-<≤⎪-+⎩解得()100003600,0148004001200,14t t Q t t t t -<≤⎧⎪=⎨++<≤⎪⎩;【小问2详解】①稳定阶段中()Q t 单调递减,此过程中()Q t 最小值()()min 16400kJ Q t Q ==;②疲劳阶段()48004001200(14)Q t t t t =++<≤,则有()480040012004005200kJ Q t t t =++≥+=,当且仅当48001200t t=,即2t =时,“=”成立,所以疲劳阶段中体力最低值为5200kJ ,由于52006400<,因此,在2h t =时,运动员体力有最小值5200kJ .22. 已知函数()()9230x x m f x m +=-⋅>.(1)当1m =时,求不等式()27f x ≤的解集;(2)若210x x >>且212x x m =,试比较()1f x 与()2f x 的大小关系;(3)令()()()g x f x f x =+-,若()y g x =在R 上的最小值为11-,求m 的值.【答案】(1)(,2]-∞;(2)()()12f x f x <;(3)1.【解析】【分析】(1)把1m =代入,结合一元二次不等式及指数函数单调性求解不等式即得.(2)利用差值比较法,结合基本不等式判断出两者的大小关系.(3)利用换元法化简()g x 的解析式,对3m 进行分类讨论,结合二次函数的性质求得m 的值.【小问1详解】当1m =时,函数123()92)633(x x x x f x +=-⋅-=⋅,不等式()27f x ≤化为2(3)63270x x -⋅-≤,即(33)(39)0x x +-≤,解得39x ≤,则2x ≤,所以不等式()27f x ≤的解集为(,2]-∞.【小问2详解】依题意,()()112212923923x x m x x mf x f x ++-⋅⋅-=-+()()()12121233332333x x x x x x m =+--⋅-()()1212333323x x x x m =-+-⋅,由210x x >>,得12330x x -<,又212x x m =,则123323x x m +>=>==⋅,因此()()120f x f x -<,所以()()12f x f x <.【小问3详解】令3x t =,0t >,则()()221323,9232mm x m x f x t t f x t t--=-⋅⋅-=-⋅=-⋅,于是()()()g x f x f x =+-2213232mmt t t t =-⋅⋅+-⋅2211(t t t =+)-2⋅3m ⋅(t +211()23()2m t t t t =+-⋅⋅+-221(3)23m m t t=+---,而12t t+≥=,当且仅当1t t =,即1t =,0x =时取等号,当32m ≤,即3log 2m ≤时,则当12t t +=时,()y g x =取得最小值313443211,log 4m m -⋅-=-=,矛盾;当32m >,即3log 2m >时,则当13m t t+=时,()y g x =取得最小值22311m --=-,解得1m =,则1m =,所以m 的值是1.【点睛】思路点睛:含参数的二次函数在指定区间上的最值问题,按二次函数对称轴与区间的关系分类求解,再综合比较即可.。
2023-2024学年常州中学高一数学上学期期中考试卷附答案解析
2023-2024学年常州中学高一数学上学期期中考试卷2023-11(试卷总分为150分,考试时间为120分钟.)一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.若{}{}{}1,2,3,4,1,2,2,3U M N ===,则()U M N ð是()A .{}4B .{}2,4C .{}1,3,4D .{}1,2,32.下列函数中,值域为()0,∞+的偶函数是()A.y =B .y x=C .1y x=D .21y x =3.设x ∈R ,则“23x ->”是“2560x x -->”的()A .充分而不必要条件B .必要而不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件4.已知奇函数()f x 在R 上单调递增,若()31f =,则满足()120f x -≤-≤的x 取值范围是()A .[]1,0-B .[]1,2-C .[]1,2D .[]1,35.设R A ⊆,且A ≠∅,从A 到R 的两个函数分别为()()21,35f x x g x x =+=+,若对于A 中的任意一个x ,都有()()f xg x =,则集合A 的个数是()A .1B .2C .3D .无穷多6.已知函数()225,1,1x ax x f x ax x ⎧-+≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩是R 上的堿函数,则实数a 的取值范围是()A .0a >B .01a <≤C .12a ≤<D .12a ≤≤7.若0ab >>,则下列不等式一定成立的是()A .11b b a a +>+B .11a b a b +>+C .a b a b b a +>+D .22a b a a b b +>+8.已知函数()()221R f x x ax a =-+∈,若非空集合(){}()(){}0,1A x f x B x f f x=≤=≤∣∣,满足A B =,则实数a 的取值范围是()A.11⎡⎤--⎣⎦B.1⎡⎤-⎣⎦C.⎡⎣D.1,1⎡⎣二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分,在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求,全部选对的得5分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分.9.关于x 的方程2210mx x ++=有两个实数解的一个充分条件是()A .1m ≤-B .10m -<<C .01m ≤<D .m 1≥10.若正实数a ,b 满足1a b +=则下列说法正确的是()A .ab 有最大值14B.11a b +有最小值4D .22a b+有最大值1211.已知集合{}1,1A =-,非空集合{}3210B x x ax bx =++-=∣,下列条件能够使得B A ⊆的是()A .1,1a b ==-B .1,1a b =-=C .3,3a b ==-D .3,3a b =-=12.已知函数()2211x xf x x x +=++,则下列结论正确的是()A .()f x 在()1,+∞上单调递增B .()f x 值域为][(),22,∞∞--⋃+C .当0x >时,恒有()f x x>成立D .若12120,0,x x x x >>≠,且()()12f x f x =,则122x x +>三、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.由命题“存在x ∈R ,使220x x m ++≤”是假命题,求得m 的取值范围是(,)a +∞,则实数a 的值是.14.已知函数()21,,2x c f x xx x c x ⎧-≤⎪=⎨⎪-<≤⎩,若()f x 的值域为[]22-,,则实数c 的值是.15.某网店统计了连续三天售出商品的种类情况:第一天售出17种商品,第二天售出13种商品,第三天售出14种商品;前两天都售出的商品有3种,后两天都售出的商品有5种,则该网店这三天售出的商品最少有种.16.已知一块直角梯形状铁皮ABCD ,其中//AD ,90,1,3BC A AB BC AD ∠=︒===,现欲截取一块以CD 为一底的梯形铁皮CDEF ,点,E F 分别在,AD AB 上,记梯形CDEF 的面积为1S ,剩余部分的面积为2S ,则21S S 的最小值是.四、解答题:本题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17.已知二次函数()()21,f x ax bx a b =++∈R 的最小值为4a -.(1)若()51f -=,求a 的值;(2)设关于x 的方程()0f x =的两个根分别为12,x x ,求12x x -的值.18.已知全集U =R ,集合()(){}210,203x A x B x x a x a x -⎧⎫=≤=---≤⎨⎬-⎩⎭∣∣.(1)当12a =时,求()U A B ð;(2)若x B ∈是x A ∈的必要不充分条件,求实数a 的取值范围.19.已知函数()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数,当0x >时,()332f x x x =-+.(1)求函数()f x 的解析式;(2)①用定义证明函数()f x 在()0,1上是单调递减函数;②判断函数()f x 在[)1,+∞上的单调性,请直接写出结果;(3)根据你对该函数的理解,在坐标系中直接作出函数()()R f x x ∈的图象.20.某乡镇响应“绿水青山就是金山银山”的号召,因地制宜的将该镇打造成“生态水果特色小镇”,经调研发现:某珍稀水果树的单株产量W (单位:千克)与施用肥料x (单位:千克)满足如下关系;()()253,0250,251x x W x xx x ⎧+≤≤⎪=⎨<≤⎪+⎩,肥料成本投入为10x 元,其它成本投入(如培育管理、施肥等人工费)30x 元.已知这种水果的市场售价为20元/千克,且销售畅通供不应求,记该水果单株利润为()f x (单位:元)(1)求()f x 的解析式;(2)当施用肥料为多少千克时,该水果单株利润最大?最大利润是多少?21.已知函数()()f xg x =(1)求函数()f x 的定义域和值域:(2)若a 为非零实数,设函数()()()h x f x ag x =+的最大值为()m a .①求()m a ;②确定满足()1m a m a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的实数a ,直接写出所有a 的值组成的集合.22.已知函数()()3R af x x a x =-+∈.(1)求关于x 的不等式()()2221f x f x -->的解集,(2)若对任意的正实数a ,存在01,12x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,使得()0f x m ≥,求实数m 的取值范围.1.A【分析】根据给定条件求出M N ⋃,再求()U M N ð即可得解.【详解】因{}1,2M =,{}2,3N =,则{1,2,3}M N = ,而{}1,2,3,4U =,所以(){4}U M N ⋃=ð.故选:A.2.D【分析】利用函数奇偶性的判断与值域的求法,逐一分析判断各选项即可.【详解】对于A ,因为y =的定义域为[)0+∞,,所以此函数不是偶函数,故A 错误;对于B ,因为y x =≥,即y x=的值域为[)0+∞,,故B 错误;对于C ,当=1x -时,11y x ==-,显然值域不为()0,∞+,故C 错误;对于D ,因为()21y f x x ==的定义域为()(),00,∞-+∞U ,且21y x =>,又()()()2211f x f x x x -===-,所以21y x =是值域为()0,∞+的偶函数,故D 正确.故选:D.3.B【分析】先化简“23x ->”和“2560x x -->”,再利用充分必要条件的定义分析判断即可得解.【详解】因为23x ->等价于1x <-或5x >,2560x x -->等价于1x <-或6x >,而{1x x <-或}5x >{1x x <-或}6x >,所以23x ->⇐2560x x -->,故“23x ->”是“2560x x -->”的必要而不充分条件.故选:B.4.B 【分析】利用()f x 的奇偶性可得()31f -=-,()00f =,再结合()f x 的单调性得到320x -≤-≤,从而得解.【详解】因为函数()f x 为R 上的奇函数,()31f =,则()()331f f -=-=-,()00f =,所以()120f x -≤-≤可化()()()320f f x f -≤-≤,又函数()f x 在R 上单调递增,所以320x -≤-≤,解得12x -≤≤.故选:B .5.C【分析】令2135x x +=+.解得1x =-或4x =,进而可列举出满足条件的集合A ,从而得解.【详解】因为()()21,35f x xg x x =+=+,令2135x x +=+,解得1x =-或4x =,故由题意可知{}1,4A ⊆-,且A ≠∅,则当{1}A =-,{4}A =,{}1,4A =-时,满足条件.故选:C.6.D【分析】根据分段函数的单调性可得出关于实数a 的不等式组,由此可解得实数的取值范围.【详解】易知二次函数225y x ax =-+的对称轴为x a =,因为函数25,1(),1x ax x f x ax x ⎧-+≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩是R 上的减函数,所以1125a a a a ≥⎧⎪>⎨⎪-+≥⎩,解得12a ≤≤.故选:D.7.C【分析】利用作差比较法及不等式的性质逐项判断即可求解.【详解】对于A ,()111b b b a a a a a +--=++,因为0a b >>,所以0,10b a a -<+>,所以()1b aa a -<+,即101b b a a +-<+,于是有11b b a a +<+故A 错误;对于B ,因为()()222211111a b ab a b a b b ab a a b a b a b ab ab --+++--⎛⎫+-+=-== ⎪⎝⎭,因为0a b >>,所以0,0a b ab ->>,但ab 与1的大小不确定,故不一定成立,故B 错误;对于C ,因为2222a b ab a ab b a b a ab b a b b a b a ab +++--⎛⎫+-+= ⎪⎝⎭()()a b ab a b ab -++=,因为0a b >>,所以0,0,0a b ab ab a b ->>++>,所以()()0a b ab a b ab -++>,即0a b a b b a ⎛⎫+-+> ⎪⎝⎭,于是有a b a b b a +>+,故C 正确;对于D ,因为()()()()()()222222a b b a a b b a b a a b a a b b b a b b a b +-+-++-==+++,因为0a b >>,所以0,0,20b a b a a b -<+>+>,所以()()()02b a b a b a b -+<+,即202a b a a b b +-<+,于是有22a b aa b b +<+,故D 错误.故选:C.8.A【分析】不妨设()1f x ≤的解集为[,]m n ,从而得(){}n B x m f x ≤=≤∣,进而得到0n =且min ()0m f x ≤≤,又m ,()n m n ≤为方程()1f x =的两个根,可得2m a =,由此得到关于a 的不等式组,解之即可得解..【详解】因为()221f x x ax =-+,不妨设()1f x ≤的解集为[,]m n ,则由()()1f f x ≤得()m f x n≤≤,所以()(){}(){}1n B f x f f x x m x =≤=≤≤∣∣,又(){}0A x f x =≤∣,A B =≠∅,所以0n =且min ()0m f x ≤<,因为()1f x ≤的解集为[,]m n ,所以,m n 是()1f x =,即2211x ax -+=的两个根,故2m n a +=,即2m a =,此时由0m n <=,得20a <,则a<0,因为()221f x x ax =-+,显然2440a ∆=+>,且()f x开口向上,对称轴为x a =,所以()()222min 211f a a a a f x =-+=-+=,则2210a a ≤-+≤,又a<0,解得11a ≤≤-,即11a ⎡⎤∈--⎣⎦.故选:A.【点睛】关键点睛:本题解决的关键在于假设()1f x ≤的解集为[,]m n ,进而得到0n =且min ()0m f x ≤<,从而得解.9.AB【分析】利用二次方程的性质,结合充分条件的性质即可得解.【详解】因为2210mx x ++=有两个实数解,当0m =时,210x +=,显然不满足题意;当0m ≠时,440m ∆=->,得1m <;综上,1m <且0m ≠,即2210mx x ++=有两个实数解等价于1m <且0m ≠,即0m <或01m <<,要使得选项中m 的范围是题设条件的充分条件,则选项中m 的范围对应的集合是{0m m <或}01m <<的子集,经检验,AB 满足要求,CD 不满足要求.故选:AB.10.ABC【分析】由已知结合基本不等式一一判断计算可得.【详解】解:因为正实数a ,b 满足1a b +=,由基本不等式可得21()24a b ab += ,当且仅当a b =时取等号,故A 正确;因为2112a b a b =++=+++=,当且仅当a b =时取等号,,故B 正确;1114a b a b ab ab ++== ,当且仅当a b =时取等号,即11a b +有最小值4,故C 正确;222()212a b a b ab ab +=+-=-,由A 可知14ab ≤,所以2212a b +≥即22a b+有最小值12,当且仅当a b =时取等号,故D 错误;故选:ABC .11.ABD【分析】利用因式分解求三次方程的根化简集合B ,再利用集合关系即可判断.【详解】对于A ,方程3210x x x +--=,因式分解得()()2110x x -+=,解得1x =-或1x =,所以{}1,1B =-,满足B A ⊆,故A 正确;对于B ,方程3210x x x -+-=,因式分解得()()2110x x -+=,解得1x =,所以{}1B =,满足B A ⊆,故B 正确;对于C ,方程323310x xx +-=-,因式分解得()()21410x x x -++=,解得1x =或2x =-,所以{1,22B =--,不满足B A ⊆,故C 错误;对于D ,方程323310x x x -+-=,因式分解得()310x -=,解得1x =,所以{}1B =,满足B A ⊆,故D 正确;故选:ABD.12.ACD【分析】先判断()f x 的奇偶性,再在,()0x ∈+∞上,令211x t x x x +==+研究其单调性和值域,再判断()f x 的区间单调性和值域判断AB ;利用解析式推出1()()f f x x =,根据已知得到211x x =,再应用基本不等式判断C ;特殊值法,将2x =代入判断D.【详解】对于AB ,因为()2211x xf x x x +=++,则由解析式知()f x 的定义域为{|0}x x ≠,又2222()11()()()11x x x x f x f x x x x x ⎛⎫-+-+-=+=-+=- ⎪--++⎝⎭,所以()f x 为奇函数,当,()0x ∈+∞时,由对勾函数性质知:1t x x =+在(0,1)上单调递减,在(1,)+∞上单调递增,且值域为[2,)t ∈+∞,而1y t t =+在[2,)t ∈+∞上递增,所以()f x 在(0,1)x ∈上单调递减,在(1,)x ∈+∞上单调递增,且5(),2f x ⎡⎫∈+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭,由奇函数的对称性知:()f x 在(,1)x ∈-∞-上单调递增,在(1,0)x ∈-上单调递减,且5(),2f x ⎛⎤∈-∞ ⎝⎦,所以()f x 值域为55,,22⎛⎤⎡⎫-∞-+∞⎪⎥⎢⎝⎦⎣⎭ ,故A 正确,B 错误;对于C ,当0x >时,()22211011x x x f x x x x x x x +-=+-=+>++恒成立,所以恒有()f x x>成立,故C 正确;对于D ,由222211111()1111x x x x f f x x x x x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪+⎛⎫⎝⎭=+=+= ⎪+⎝⎭⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭,因为12120,0,x x x x >>≠,且12()()f x f x =,所以211x x =,故121112x x x x +=+≥=,当且仅当11x =时等号成立,而11x =时,211x x ==,故等号不成立,所以122x x +>,故D 正确;故选:ACD.【点睛】关键点睛:对于D 选项,根据解析式推导出1()f f x x ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,进而得到211x x =为关键.13.1【分析】根据命题的否定为真,转化为二次不等式恒成立,利用判别式求解.【详解】因为命题“存在x ∈R ,使220x x m ++≤”是假命题,所以命题“R x ∀∈,220x x m ++>”是真命题,故2240m ∆=-<,即1m >,故1a =.故答案为:114.12-##0.5-【分析】先由反比例函数的性质分析得0c <,再由二次函数的性质确定c 的取值范围,从而结合函数图像即可得解.【详解】因为()21,,2x c f x xx x c x ⎧-≤⎪=⎨⎪-<≤⎩,当0c >时,当0x c <≤时,1(1),x c f x ⎛⎤-∈-∞- ⎝=⎥⎦,不合题意;当0c =时,当0x <时,()(0,)1x f x ∈-=+∞,不合题意;所以0c <,当x c ≤时,110x c <-≤-,即()10,f x c ⎛⎤∈- ⎥⎝⎦,当2c x <≤时,()221124f x x x x ⎛⎫=--+ ⎪⎝⎭=-开口向下,对称轴为12x =,当2x =时,()2242f =-=-,令()2f c =-,即22c c -=-,解得1c =-或2c =(舍去),令()0f c =,即20c c -=,解得0c =或1c =,作出()f x 的大致图象,如图,因为()f x 的值域为[]22-,,所以12c -=,解得12c =-,经检验,满足题意.故答案为:12-.15.27【分析】先分析得前两天共售出的商品种类,再考虑第三天售出商品种类的情况,根据题意即可得解.【详解】由题意,第一天售出17种商品,第二天售出13种商品,前两天都售出的商品有3种,所以第一天售出但第二天未售出的商品有17314-=种,第二天售出但第一天未售出的商品有13310-=种,所以前两天共售出的商品有1410327++=种,第三天售出14种商品,后两天都售出的商品有5种,所以第三天售出但第二天未售出的商品有1459-=种,因为914<,所以这9种商品都是第一天售出但第二天未售出的商品时,该网店这三天售出的商品种类最少,其最小值为27.故答案为:27.16.725##0.28【分析】利用直角梯形的几何性质,求出()211232x x S =-++,从而可得21S S 的表达式,结合函数的单调性,即可得解.【详解】依题意,作CG AD ⊥于G,则2,1GD AD BC CG AB =-===,则CD =由题意知//EF CD ,则FEA D ∠=∠,而1tan 2CG D GD ∠==,sin D =;故1tan 2FEA ∠=,设(01)AF x x =<<,则2AE x =,故EF =,作EH CD ⊥于H,则)sin 32EH ED D x =⋅-,故)()()()()2111132132232522S x x x x x =⋅-=+-=-++,则()()()2221111312321222x S x x x =⨯+⨯--++=-+,故22212321S x x x S x --=+++,令223t x x =-++,则223x x t -=-+,因为01x <<,故252,8t ⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦,则213141S t S t t -++==-+,而41y t =-+在252,8⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦上单调递减,故41y t =-+的最小值为47125258-+=,即21S S 的最小值为725.故答案为:725.【点睛】关键点睛:解答本题的关键是结合梯形的几何性质表示出相关线段长,求出梯形CDEF 的面积表达式,即可求解答案.17.(1)49(2)4【分析】(1)利用二次函数的性质得到42b f aa ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭,结合()51f -=得到关于,a b 的方程组,解之即可得解;(2)利用韦达定理,结合(1)中结论与完全平方公式即可得解.【详解】(1)因为二次函数()()21,f x ax bx a b =++∈R 的最小值为4a -,所以0a >,则()f x 开口向上,对称轴为2b x a =-,所以42b f a a ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭,即21422b b a b a a a ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+-+=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,则22164b a a =+,因为()51f -=,即()()21155a b -++-⨯=,则5b a =,将5b a =代入22164b a a =+,得2225164a a a =+,解得49a =或0a =(舍去),所以49a =.(2)因为()0f x =,即210ax bx ++=的两个根分别为12,x x ,所以2121,b x x a a x x +=-=,所以()()22222222114144b b a x x x a a x x a x -⎛⎫-+=--⨯=⎪⎝⎭=-,由(1)可知22164b a a =+,即22164a b a =-,所以()221221616a x x a =-=,故124x x -=.18.(1)934x x ⎧⎫<<⎨⎬⎩⎭(2)(]{},11-∞-⋃【分析】(1)分别解出集合A 与集合B ,然后求得U B ð,进而求得()U AB ð的值;(2)由题意得A 是B 的真子集,由此列不等式组,解不等式组可求得a 的取值范围.【详解】(1)因为{}10|133x A x x x x -⎧⎫=≤=≤<⎨⎬-⎩⎭∣,当12a =时,1190|22944B x x x x x ⎧⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎧⎫=--≤=≤⎨⎬⎨⎬ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎩⎭⎩⎭∣,则{1|2U B x x =<ð或94x ⎫>⎬⎭,所以()934UB A x x ⎧⎫⋂=<<⎨⎬⎩⎭ð.(2)因为{}()(){}2|13,|20A x xB x x a x a =≤<=---≤,又()22172024a a a ⎛⎫+-=-+> ⎪⎝⎭,所以22a a +>,由()()220x a x a ---≤得22a x a ≤≤+,所以{}2|2B x a x a =≤≤+,因为x B ∈是x A ∈的必要不充分条件,所以A B ,所以2123a a ≤⎧⎨+≥⎩,解得1a ≤-或1a =,所以实数a 的取值范围为(]{},11-∞-⋃.19.(1)3332,0()0,032,0x x x f x x x x x ⎧-+>⎪==⎨⎪--<⎩(2)①证明见解析;②()f x 在[)1,+∞上单调递增(3)图像见解析【分析】(1)利用函数奇偶性,结合题设条件即可求得()f x 的解析式;(2)①利用函数单调性的定义,结合作差法即可得证;②在①的基本上继续判断即可;(3)利用(1)与(2)中的结论,结合()f x 的单调性与奇偶性即可作图.【详解】(1)因为当0x >时,()332f x x x =-+,所以当0x <时,0x ->,则()()()333232f x x x x x -=---+=-++,又()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数,所以()()332f x f x x x =--=--,且()00f =,所以3332,0()0,032,0x x x f x x x x x ⎧-+>⎪==⎨⎪--<⎩.(2)①设1201x x <<<,则3111()32f x x x =-+,3222()32f x x x =-+,所以3322121122121122()()(32)(32)()(3)f x f x x x x x x x x x x x -=-+--+=-++-,因为1201x x <<<,所以120x x -<,且22112201,01,01x x x x <<<<<<,则22112230x x x x ++-<,所以12())0(f x f x ->,即12()()f x f x >,故()f x 在()0,1上是单调递减函数.②()f x 在[)1,+∞上单调递增,理由如下:当121x x >≥时,120x x ->,22112230x x x x ++->,则12()()f x f x >,所以()f x 在[)1,+∞上单调递增.(3)由(2)知,()f x 在()0,1上单调递减,在[)1,+∞上单调递增,且()10f =,又()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数,所以()f x 在()1,0-上单调递减,在(],1-∞-上单调递增,且()()110f f -=-=,所以()f x的图象如图,.20.(1)()210040300,021000100040,251x x x f x x x x ⎧-+≤≤⎪=⎨--<≤⎪+⎩(2)当施用肥料为4千克时,该水果单株最大利润,最大利润为640元【分析】(1)根据题意,利用销售额减去成本投入可得出利润解析式;(2)利用分段函数的单调性及基本不等式计算最值即可得解.【详解】(1)依题意,当02x ≤≤时,()()203010f x W x x x=--()2220534010040300x x x x =⨯+-=-+;当25x <≤时,()()203010f x W x x x=--5010001000204040100040111x x x x x x x x =⨯-=-=--+++;所以()210040300,021000100040,251x x x f x x x x ⎧-+≤≤⎪=⎨--<≤⎪+⎩;(2)当02x ≤≤时,()221100403001002965f x x x x ⎛⎫=-+=-+ ⎪⎝⎭,此时由二次函数的性质可知()()max 21004402300620f x f ==⨯-⨯+=;当25x <≤时,()()10001000100040104040111f x x x x x =--=--+++1040640≤-,当且仅当()10004011x x =++,即4x =时,等号成立;综上,当施用肥料为4千克时,该水果单株最大利润,最大利润为640元.21.(1)定义域为[]0,2;值域为2⎤⎦(2)①12,02121(),22222a a a m a a a a a ⎧+≥-≠⎪⎪⎪=---<<-⎨⎪≤且;②{}212⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ 【分析】(1)根据根式的概念可得()f x 定义域,再计算()22f x =+求解可得()f x 值域;(2)①令2t ⎤=⎦,设函数()22a F t t t a =-++,2t ⎤∈⎦,再根据二次函数对称轴与区间的位置关系分类讨论求解即可;②分类讨论a 的取值范围,结合()m a 的解析式即可得解.【详解】(1)因为()f x =,所以020x x ≥⎧⎨-≥⎩,则[]0,2x ∈,又()222f x x x ==+-+2=+当[]0,2x ∈时,()[]2110,1x --+∈,所以()[]22,4f x ∈,又()0f x ≥,所以()2f x ⎤∈⎦;(2)依题意,得()h x =令2t ⎤=⎦,则22222t t -=+=,令()22222t a F t t a t t a -=+⋅=+-,2t ⎤∈⎦,当0a >时,此时二次函数对称轴10t a =-<<()()max 2F t F =2a =+.当a<0时,此时对称轴10t a =->,当12a -≥,即102a -≤<时,开口向下,则()()max 2F t F =2a=+;12a <-<,即2122a -<<-,对称轴1t a =-,开口向下,则()max 1F t F a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭12a a =--,当1a -≤22a ≤-时,开口向下,()max Ft F=综上,12,0211(),22222a a a m a a a a a ⎧+≥-≠⎪⎪⎪=---<<-⎨⎪≤且.②当0a >时,1a >,则122a a +=+,解得1a =或1a =-(舍去);当102a -≤<时,12a≤-,则2a +=2a (舍去);当2122a -<<-时,12a -<<12a a --=2a =(舍去);当a ≤≤时,1a ≤≤,则()1m a m a ⎛⎫== ⎪⎝⎭;当2a -<<1122a <<-12a a =--,解得a =(舍去);当2a ≤-时,1102a -≤<12a =+,解得212a =--(舍去);综上,1a =或22a ≤≤,即{}1a ⎡∈⎢⎣⎦ .【点睛】关键点睛:本题解决的关键是熟练掌握分类讨论的方法,利用二次函数的性质,结合轴动区间定即可得解.22.(1)答案见解析(2)3,2⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦【分析】(1)依题意化简不等式得()()22320ax x x -+>,从而分类讨论即可得解;(2)由题意可得()ax 0m f x m ≥,然后分704a <≤,744a <<和4a ≥三种情况讨论()y f x =的最大值,从而可求得结果.【详解】(1)因为()()3R af x x a x =-+∈,所以由()()2221f x f x -->,得()23223122a a x x x x ⎡⎤-+---+>⎢⎥-⎣⎦,化简得2022a a x x ->-,即()()32022a x x x +>-,即()()22320ax x x -+>,当0a =时,该不等式无解,当0a >时,不等式化为()()22320x x x -+>,解得203x -<<或2x >,当a<0时,不等式化为()()22320x x x -+<,解得23x <-或02x <<,综上,当0a =时,()()2221f x f x -->的解集为∅,当0a >时,()()2221f x f x -->的解集为()2,02,3⎛⎫-+∞ ⎪⎝⎭ ,当a<0时,()()2221f x f x -->的解集为()2,0,23⎛⎫-∞- ⎪⎝⎭ .(2)因为对任意的正实数a ,存在01,12x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,使得()0f x m ≥,所以()ax 0m f x m ≥,易知当0a >时,()3af x x x =-+在1,12⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增,所以1,12x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时,()1()max ,12f x f f ⎧⎫⎛⎫≤⎨⎬ ⎪⎝⎭⎩⎭,且()112f f ⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭,因为()117232,14222f a a f a⎛⎫=-+=-=- ⎪⎝⎭,所以()172,1422f a f a ⎛⎫=-=- ⎪⎝⎭,当720240a a ⎧-≥⎪⎨⎪-≥⎩,即704a <≤时,max ()4f x a =-,因为704a <≤,所以9444a ≤-<,所以94m ≤;当720240a a ⎧-<⎪⎨⎪->⎩,即744a <<时,令7242a a ⎛⎫--=- ⎪⎝⎭,得52a =,所以()153max ,14222f f ⎧⎫⎛⎫≥-=⎨⎬ ⎪⎝⎭⎩⎭,故32m ≤;当720240a a ⎧-≤⎪⎨⎪-≤⎩,即4a ≥时,所以max 77()2222f x a a =-=-,因为4a ≥,所以79222a -≥,所以92m ≤;综上,32m ≤,所以m 的取值范围为3,2⎛⎤-∞⎥⎝⎦.【点睛】关键点睛:本题第2小题的解决关键在于分类讨论()1,12f f ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的正负情况,从而确定()0maxf x ,由此得解.。
江苏省无锡市天一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试数学试题
D.若 a - b Î[0] ,则整数 a , b 属同一类
四、多选题
12.已知函数 f ( x), g ( x) 是定义在 R 上的函数,其中 f(x)是奇函数,g(x)是偶函
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试卷第51 页,共33 页
1.C 【分析】利用交集的定义即可求解.
参考答案:
【详解】由题意可知, A Ç B = {x -1 £ x < 3} Ç{0,1, 2,3} = {0,1, 2} .
故选:C. 2.A 【分析】写出该命题的否定即可.
【详解】“ "x Î Z , x2 + 2x + m £ 0 ”的否定是“ $x Î Z , x2 + 2x + m > 0 ”. 故选:A 3.B 【解析】利用函数奇偶性的定义和单调性的性质分别对各个选项分析判断即可.
安徽省合肥市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
合肥一中2023-2024学年度高一年级第一学期期中联考英语考生注意:1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前,考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时,请将答案答在答题卡上。
选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
()1.When will the football match begin?A.At 9: 50.B.At 10: 00.C.At 10: 10.()2.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.How to help friends. B.How to win more friends. C.How to get on with friends.()3.What is the woman probably doing?A.Making some notes. B.Planning her holiday. C.Preparing for her exams.()4.When was tea first discovered as a drink?A.About thirty-five centuries ago. B.About twenty-five centuries ago. C.About fifty centuries ago.()5.What are the speakers going to do tomorrow morning?A.Plant some trees. B.Clean the river. C.Protect some trees.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
山东省枣庄市滕州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试语文试题(含答案)
滕州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试语文2023.11注意事项:1.本试卷共10页。
满分150分。
考试时间150分钟。
2.作答时,请将选择题答案按要求涂写在答题卡上,其他试题答案写在答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。
一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~2题。
“以文为词”是后人对辛弃疾的重要评价,相关研究已非常深入。
学者普遍注意到辛弃疾词具有熔铸经史、善发议论、融入散文章法句法等特点。
不过据笔者管见,对辛词与四六文的关系似乎研究不多。
辛弃疾虽以词最为著名,但其实著述颇多,诸体兼备。
只可惜其《稼轩集》早佚,文章留存有限。
今所见者,散文有大名鼎鼎的《美芹十论》《九议》,骈文则有《贺叶留守启》《新居上梁文》等数篇。
骈体文章,宋人通称为“四六”。
宋代骈散分流,散体多用以著述,骈体多施于朝廷文书及士人交际日用。
南宋时期,骈体书启的写作日益普遍,诸家文集多有留存。
辛弃疾的四六文创作亦应不少,而且享有一定的时誉,一些篇章被纳入选本,一些名句亦为他人借鉴。
今存四六虽不多,但章句文辞颇耐细品。
如《新居上梁文》云:“青山屋上,古木千章;白水田头,新荷十顷。
亦将东阡西陌,混渔樵以交欢;稚子佳人,共团栾而一笑。
”想象新居落成后的优美风景和居处其中的悠然生活,骈对工稳,文气秀逸。
这篇《新居上梁文》既体现了辛弃疾以四六法为文的特点,还体现出辛弃疾化用前人成句的做法。
文中有云:“望物外逍遥之趣,吾亦爱吾庐;语人间奔竞之流,卿自用卿法。
”“吾亦爱吾庐”是陶渊明《读山海经》中的句子,“卿自用卿法”乃《世说新语》中庾敳对王衍说过的话。
二者放在一起,不但是天然佳对,而且鲜明展现出辛弃疾对隐逸生活的向往与对官场奔竞的蔑视,算得上四六文中的俊句。
此种化用前人成句的做法,正是辛弃疾词中的拿手好戏。
其《水调歌头(我亦卜居者)》作于将迁新居不成之际,上片末尾直用孟郊《借车》中的“借车载家具,家具少于车”两句,下片末尾直用陶渊明《读山海经》“众鸟欣有托,吾亦爱吾庐”,呼应将迁新居,化用自然,前后照应,呈现出与《新居上梁文》相似的艺术技巧。
高一语文第一学期期中考试卷(附答案)
高一语文第一学期期中考试卷(附答案)一、现代文阅读(36 分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共 3 小题,9 分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3 题。
中国古典诗词是中华民族传统文化中的瑰宝,它以优美的语言、深刻的思想和丰富的情感,展现了中华民族的智慧和精神。
古典诗词不仅是文学艺术的珍品,也是中华民族文化传承的重要载体。
古典诗词的语言之美,在于其凝练、含蓄、富有节奏感和韵律感。
诗人通过精心选择字词,运用各种修辞手法,如比喻、拟人、夸张、对偶等,使诗词的语言生动形象,富有感染力。
例如,“忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开”,诗人运用比喻的手法,将雪花比作梨花,生动地描绘了雪景的美丽。
古典诗词的思想之深,在于其对人生、社会、自然等方面的深刻思考和感悟。
诗人通过诗词表达自己的理想、抱负、情感和价值观,反映了不同历史时期的社会风貌和人民的生活状况。
例如,“安得广厦千万间,大庇天下寒士俱欢颜”,诗人杜甫表达了对穷苦人民的同情和对社会公平的向往。
古典诗词的情感之丰富,在于其能够触动人们的心灵,引起人们的共鸣。
诗人通过诗词表达自己的喜怒哀乐、爱恨情仇等情感,使读者在欣赏诗词的过程中感受到人性的美好和生命的意义。
例如,“问君能有几多愁,恰似一江春水向东流”,诗人李煜通过对愁绪的形象描绘,表达了自己内心的痛苦和无奈。
1. 下列关于原文内容的理解和分析,正确的一项是(3 分)A. 中国古典诗词只是文学艺术的珍品,不是中华民族文化传承的重要载体。
B. 古典诗词的语言之美在于其运用了比喻、拟人、夸张、对偶等所有修辞手法。
C. 古典诗词的思想深刻,能够反映不同历史时期的社会风貌和人民的生活状况。
D. 古典诗词的情感丰富,只能表达诗人自己的喜怒哀乐,不能引起读者共鸣。
2. 下列对原文论证的相关分析,不正确的一项是(3 分)A. 文章开篇提出中国古典诗词是中华民族传统文化中的瑰宝,然后从语言之美、思想之深、情感之丰富三个方面进行论述。
B. 文章在论述古典诗词的语言之美时,列举了“忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开” 的例子,增强了说服力。
江苏省南通市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试 化学含解析
2023-2024学年度第一学期高一年级期中考试化学(答案在最后)注意事项:1.本试卷包括第Ⅰ卷选择题和第Ⅱ卷非选择题两部分。
满分100分,考试时间75分钟。
2.可能使用的相对原子质量:H1C12N14O16Na23Mg24Al27S32Cl35.5K39Ca40Fe56第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共39分)单项选择题(本题包括13小题,每小题3分,共计39分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
)1.2023年10月4号,瑞典皇家科学院宣布将2023年化学奖授予量子点的发现与合成者。
碳量子点是一类具有显著荧光性能的零维碳纳米材料,直径低于10nm ,在碳核表面含有OH -、COOH -等基团。
下列说法正确的是A.碳量子点属于胶体B.碳量子点的荧光性能属于丁达尔效应C.碳量子点直径比氢离子大D.碳量子点与石墨属于同素异形体2.分类是科学研究的重要方法。
下列物质分类不.正确的是A.电解质:五水硫酸铜、碳酸钙、熔融氯化钠、次氯酸B.非电解质:乙醇、四氯化碳、一氧化碳、氨气C.碱性氧化物:氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化亚铁、过氧化钠D.酸性氧化物:二氧化硫、三氧化硫、干冰、五氧化二氯3.某溶液中含有较大量的Cl -、23CO -、OH -三种阴离子,如果只取一次该溶液就能够分别将3种阴离子依次检验出来。
下列实验操作的操作顺序中,正确的是①滴加Mg(NO 3)2溶液②过滤③滴加AgNO 3溶液④滴加Ba(NO 3)2溶液A.①②④②③B.④②③②①C.①②③②④D.④②①②③4.下列指定量不.相等的是A.等质量的6S 与8S 所含的硫原子数B.相同质量的2O 分别完全转化为2Na O 和22Na O 时转移的电子数C.相同温度下,120mL1mol L -⋅的3AlCl 溶液与110mL3mol L -⋅的2CaCl 溶液含有的氯离子数D.同温同压下,相同体积的任何气体含有的分子数5.设A N 为阿伏加德罗常数的值,下列叙述中正确的是A.2100gNa O 和22Na O 的混合物中含有的阴、阳离子物质的量之比为1:2B.123100mL1mol L Na CO -⋅溶液中含有A 0.3N 个OC.21molCl 与足量Fe 完全反应,转移的电子数为A3N D.铁粉与水蒸气反应生成222.4LH ,反应中转移的电子数为A2N 6.下列“实验结论”与“实验操作及现象”相符的一组是选项实验操作及现象实验结论A 用光洁无锈的铁丝蘸取少量溶液在酒精灯火焰上灼烧,火焰呈黄色该溶液中一定含有钠盐,可能含有钾盐B 向某溶液中加入盐酸,产生能使澄清石灰水变浑浊的气体该溶液中一定含有2-3CO C 向某溶液中滴加氯水后,再滴加KSCN 试剂,溶液变成血红色溶原溶液中不一定含2Fe +D将有色鲜花放入盛有干燥氯气的集气瓶中,盖上玻璃片,鲜花褪色氯气也具有漂白性A.AB.BC.CD.D7.下列物质的转化不能一步实现的是A.22233Na Na O NaOH Na CO NaHCO →→→→B.34332Fe Fe O Fe(OH)FeCl FeCl →→→→C.()323NaCl NaHCO Na CO NaOH→→→饱和D.22Cl HClO HCl Cl →→→8.室温下,下列各组离子在指定溶液中能大量共存的是A.澄清透明的溶液中:22434Cu NH NO SO 、、、++--B.能使酚酞变红的溶液:33K Fe I CH COO ++--、、、C.1240.1mol L H SO -⋅溶液:223Ca ClO HCO Fe +--+、、、D.()12430.1mol L Fe SO -⋅溶液:23Mg Na SCN NO 、、、++--9.对于4℃时100mL 水中溶解了22.4LHCl 气体(标况下)后形成的溶液,下列说法中正确的是A.所得溶液的体积为22.5LB.所得溶液中溶质的物质的量浓度为10mol /LC.根据题给数据,所得溶液中溶质的物质的量浓度可以求得D.根据题给数据,所得溶液中溶质的质量分数可以求得10.下列关于物质的性质与用途不.具有对应关系的是A.3NaHCO 溶液具有弱碱性,可用于治疗胃酸过多B .二氧化氯具有强氧化性,可用作杀菌消毒C.钠单质熔点较低,可用于冶炼金属钛D.铁粉能与2O 反应,可用作食品保存的脱氧剂11.下列离子方程式正确的是A .22Na O 溶于水:2222Na O H O 2Na 2OH O +-+=++↑B.向硫酸氢钠溶液中加入氢氧化钡溶液至2-4SO 恰好沉淀:442-22H Ba OH BaSO H OSO ++-+++=↓+C.氯气溶于水呈酸性:22Cl H O 2H Cl ClO +--+++ D.向2CaCl 溶液中通入22223CO :Ca CO H O CaCO 2H ++++=↓+12.配制250mL0.200mol /L 的NaOH 溶液,部分实验操作示意图如下:下列说法不.正确的是A.容量瓶身标有温度、容量、刻度、浓度等B.上述实验操作步骤的正确顺序为②①④③C.玻璃棒的作用是摚拌和引流,配制好的NaOH 溶液不可长期存放在容量瓶中D.溶解后一定要冷却至室温,定容时,若蒸馏水加多了,只能重新配制13.某容器中发生一个化学反应,其中涉及242H O ClO NH H N Cl 、、、、、-++-六种粒子。
上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
上海复旦大学附属中学2023学年第一学期高一年级英语期中考试试卷Ⅰ.Listening Comprehension(25’)Section A(10’)Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.At the airport. B.In a theatre. C.In a ticket office. D.At a hotel.2.A.Attend a party. B.Go camping. C.Decorate a house. D.Rent a tent.3.A.2. B.3. C.5. D.10.4.A.The postcard has been lost.B.The local post office is closed.C.The man will go to the post office.D.The woman is expecting a postcard.5.A.Buy some new equipment.B.Leave the equipment as they are.C.Watch what the woman is doingD.Finish his work as quickly as possible.6.A.Work on the assignment with a classmate.B.Talk to an advisor about dropping the course.C.Spend more time working on maths problems.D.Ask a graduate assistant for help.7.A.Go home to get a book.B.Return a book to the library.C.Pick up a book at the library for the woman.D.Ask the librarian for help in finding a book.8.A.She wishes she hadn’t ordered the dish.B.She doesn’t usually eat in the cafeteria.C.The cafeteria usually uses canned vegetables.D.The dish usually contains fewer vegetables.9.A.Students still have time to apply for a loan.B.Students must wait until next month to apply for a loan.C.The woman should find out whether her loan application was accepted.D.The woman should ask for an extension on the application deadline.10.A.She didn’t want to stay at the Gordon.B.Her hotel is far from the conference center.C.She isn’t sure how to get to the Apple Gates.D.The man should consider moving to another hotel.Section B(15’)Directions:In Section B,you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s),and you will be asked several questions on each of the c onversation(s)and the passage(s).The conversation(s)and the passage(s)will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following talk.11.A.To make some physical samples of the wine to be tasted.B.To reach an agreement on how certain flavors smell.C.To coin some descriptive terms for certain flavors.D.To find a room that is lit with red light.12.A.It helps people distinguish different flavors.B.It is composed of wheels of different sizes.C.It exposes users to fruity flavors alone.D.It divides flavors into two categories.13.A.The standard procedure of wine-testing.B.The wide use of the Aroma Wheel.C.The at-home wine-testing test.D.The fun sensory world.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.He read about it the day before.B.One of the students asked him about it.C.He had just read Dr.Frederick Cock’s travel log.D.The students were required to read about it.15.A.Peary wasn’t an experienced explorer.B.He had reached the pole before Peary did.C.Peary had announced his success too early.D.The investigation of Peary’s trip wasn’t thorough.16.A.They interviewed Peary.B.They talked to one of Peary’s companions.C.They examined Peary’s tools used for the voyage.D.They conducted a computer analysis of photographs.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.A new source of fuel oil.B.An alternative use of fuel oil.C.A way to make fuel oil less polluting.D.A new method for locating underground oil.18.A.She was doing research for a paper on it.B.She was told about it by her roommate.C.She read a newspaper article about it.D.She heard about it in class.19.A.To produce a gas containing carbon and hydrogen.B.To heat the reactors to a proper temperature.C.To prevent dangerous gases from forming.D.To remove impurities from methanol.20.A.It hasn’t been firmly tested. B.It is quite expensive.C.It uses up scarce minerals.D.It produces harmful gases.Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary(30’)Section A(20’)Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21.Skin is primarily made of two layers:the uppermost layer,the epidermis,which________a protection against the environment;and the dermis,the layer below the epidermis.A.is being served asB.serves asC.has served asD.is served as22.The authorities announced they had discovered a cave which________over one thousand meters deep and five meters across.A.measuring to beB.was measuredC.was said to measureD.was said to be measured23.The Prince and the Frog is a fairy musical that________the days when Walt Disney was a person,not a brand.A.was dated back toB.dates back toC.has been dating fromD.had dated from24.The festival can start with a30-minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they ________to recently,expressing themselves freely.A.have been exposingB.have exposedC.have been exposedD.are being exposed25.People who often exercise and stay active are much less likely to develop heart disease than people who rarely move,________that exercise consists of a few minutes a day of jogging or multiple hours a week of walking.A.on conditionB.whetherC.forD.no matter26.________they went abroad,the tourists were so curious about everything that they purchased many goods,which made it difficult to control the budget.A.For the first timeB.By the first timeC.At the first timeD.The first time27.________,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strangeC.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound28.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in2014________showed a mere five to10minutesa day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.A.whenB.whereC.whoD.which29.Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot________it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.A.thatB.whereC.asD.when30.The Great Wall is so good a place________many foreign people come to visit________it has become well known all over the world.A.as;asB.that;thatC.as;thatD.that;as31.Researchers made headlines worldwide by developing a new type of battery that________far faster and is up to the job.A.sparklesB.quitsmentsD.charges32.Recently,many buried________have come to light,one of which is hand tools that have now been superseded by the machine.A.crispsB.relicsC.masterpiecesD.certificates33.The Sahara desert has a variable temperature,________from being extremely hot during the day to freezing cold at night.A.rangingB.mixingC.fadingD.fleeing34.Due to lack of profundity and________precision,his language aquisition hypothesis was not extensively accepted as scientific.A.relevantB.distantC.analyticalD.imaginary35.In response to the supervisor’s nasty comments,John shrugged off his shoulders,and________a huge smile, saying,“You go your way;I’ll go mine.”A.generatedB.reflectedC.challengedD.flashed36.A forest fire swept across large________of north Maine this fall;and it took a couple of weeks to bring the blaze ________control.A.varieties;inB.ruins;fromC.soils;beyondD.portions;under37.The brain areas________reasoning,judging,and planning get to work on constructing various action plans.A.torn betweenB.expectant ofC.concerned withD.rooted in38.In times of need,we find comfort in the arms of family and friends,but sometimes we may________seek solace in unhealthy behaviors.A.be tempted toB.be likely toC.start over toD.turn out to39.Each Sping Festival witnesses migrant workers________during the holiday season to build the city brick by brick,laying a solid foundation for its development.A.lie awakeB.stay putC.go bankruptD.travel young40.The winning plan involved restoring the historic chapels,________some of the ugly buildings,and creating new public spaces for pedestriansA.muddling throughB.running intoC.walking offD.tearing downSection B(10’)Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.admireB.appealC.attractD.benefitsE.relevantF.entryG.eager H.expected unch J.maintain K.packagedLin Wanqi,a26-year-old resident of Shanghai,was among the earliest to try Luckin Coffee’s new Moutai-flavored latte.She was curious about how her beloved coffee tastes with Chinese liquor in it,41to sample this“young people’s first sip of Moutai”,“The aroma of the alcohol is very strong and is well blended with the milk,”Lin told.The partnership between China’s top liquor maker Kweichow Moutai and domestic coffee chain Luckin Coffee has become both a hot topic and a moneymaker,selling5.42million cups and grossing(总共赚得)100million yuan just on Sept4,the product’s42date,China Daily reported.The coffee drink,43with an iconic Moutai-themed label and containing less than0.5percent(alcohol by volume)of53degrees Moutai,is priced at38 yuan,although consumers can get it for19yuan using coupons.“I44the spirit of innovation of the two brands,and the spirit is also shared by young people,”said Lin.In recent years,Moutai has embarked on various creative campaigns to45to younger customers,introducing products like Moutai ice cream,scented sachets(香囊)and canvas bags.“This partnership lets Moutai make its brand younger,”Li Honghui,a marketing director for drinks,also pointed out that such innovative cooperation can bring 46to both brands.“Through partnerships,brands can share resources,expand the market,and bring more diversified products to consumers,”Li said.In2023,China’s brand partnership market is47to surpass a scale of100billion yuan and is projected to approach300billion yuan by2025,according to China Quality Daily.However,flawed partnerships may lead to negative consequences.Take the collaboration between Chinese coffee chain Manner and French luxury brand Louis Vuitton(LV),for example.Consumers could get a free LV canvas bag by buying at least two books in the coffee shop.The two books would cost at least580yuan.The campaign was harshly criticized for the high barrier of48to receive the gift and many people doubted whether it was worth the price.Similarly,in July this year,milk tea brand Heytea and jewellery brand Chow Tai Fook jointly launched a peach-flavored drink,which was mocked by internet users as neither49nor tasty.They said that peaches had nothing to do with Chow Tai Fook,and that the drink was too sweet with not enough peaches.“It’s important to50 the high quality of the products in these partnerships rather than merely generate hype(炒作),”Li said.Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection A(15’)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The term‘dark tourism’is far newer than the practice,which long predates Pompeii’s emergence as a dark 51.Dr Philip Stone,perhaps the world’s leading academic expert on dark tourism,considers the Roman Coliseumto be one of the first dark tourist sites,where people travelled long distances to watch death as ter,until the late18th century,the appeal was52still in central London,where people paid money to sit in grandstands to watch mass hangings.Dealers would sell pies at the53,which was roughly where Marble Arch stands today.It was only in1996that‘dark tourism’entered the scholarly vocabulary when two academics in Glasgow54 it while looking at sites associated with the murder of John F.Kennedy.Those who study dark tourism identify plenty of55for the growing phenomenon,including raised awareness of it as a(n)56thing.Access to sites has also improved with the arrival of cheap57travel.It’s hard to imagine that the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial and museum would now welcome more than two million visitors a year were it not for its58to Krakow’s international airport.Peter Hohenhaus,a widely travelled dark tourist based in Vienna,also59the broader rise in off-the-beaten track tourism,beyond the territory of popular guidebooks and TripAdvisor rankings.“A lot of people don’t want mainstream tourism and that often means engaging with places that have a more60 history than,say,a Roman ruin,”he says.“You go to Sarajevo(萨拉热窝)and most people remember the war being in the news so it feels closer to one’s own life story.”Auschwitz-Birkenau Marble ArchHohenhaus is also a fan of‘beauty in61’,the contemporary cultural movement in which urban ruins have become subject matter for expensive coffee-table books and a thousand Instagram accounts.The crossover(交叉风格)with death is clear.“I’ve always been drawn to62things,“the54-year-old says.Nevertheless,like any tourism,dark tourism at its best is educational,the example of Grenfell Tower(many“tourists”flooded to a London tower block,destroyed by a fire in2017with71deaths)hints at the63felt at some sites.“I remember the Lonely Planet Bluelist book had a chapter about dark tourism a while ago and one of the64was‘pay due respect’,”Hohenhaus says.“It’s big,it’s dramatic,it’s black and it’s a story you’ve followed in the news.I’ll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close.I can see the attraction.But I would not stand in the street taking a selfie 65.”51.A.opportunity B.secret C.attraction D.memory52.A.fancier B.harsher C.likelier D.further53.A.site B.relic C.memorial D.range54.A.assigned B.charted C.applied D.processed55.A.motivations B.obstacles C.purposes D.reasons56.A.identifiable B.creative C.unrecognizable D.practical57.A.rail B.coach C.pedestrian D.air58.A.shortcut B.resemblance C.nearness D.relevance59.A.relates to B.points to C.signals to D.translates to60.A.distant B.ancient C.recent D.recorded61.A.disgust B.decay C.disbelief D.doubt62.A.beautiful B.contemporary C.urban D.ruined63.A.amazement B.unease C.pressure D.panic64.A.limitations B.obstacles C.goals D.rules65.A.embarrassedly B.determinedly C.necessarily D.merrilySection B(22’)Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)We lost another tree in our last storm,and it broke my heart.Thanks to the large amounts of rainfall here in the Pacific Northwest,tree roots don’t grow very deep or provide a strong anchor against the wind.We have lost many trees through the years,but this one was different.About17years ago,I joined the Arbor Day Foundation,and they sent me10Canadian blue spruce seedlings. Our property has many large Douglas firs,which are magnificent trees,but I wanted to add some variety.I planted my blue spruce seedlings along the driveway,and I did all I could to protect them.Shortly after that,a storm with gusts up to129km/h ripped through our area and took down many of our fir trees. My seedlings survived.But when we decided to join our neighbor in selling our downed trees to a logger,we had to move the seedlings to keep them from getting destroyed.Sadly,five of the10blue spruce trees didn’t survive being moved.Of the five that lived,three were in our front yard,where I could watch them grow into mature trees from my front window.When one of the big Douglas firs that towered over them died,we decided to cut it down before it fell.After much debate,my husband,Eldon,and my son-in-law Gary Parker decided they could drop it without hitting any of the blue spruce trees.I watched breathlessly as the drama unfolded,praying the whole time I heard the chainsaw.The fir fell right between two of them as planned,and my trees continued to grow.Then one night I was lying in bed during yet another windstorm and heard a loud noise,followed by the sound of a tree crashing down.The next morning I awoke to find the largest of our blue spruces lying on the ground;I was incredibly upset.For17years,I’d enjoyed watching it grow from a seedling to a tree nearly40feet(12.2meters)tall. Now it was gone!Losing my tree was hard to accept,even though I knew that it was nature’s way.I also knew there was only one thing I could do about it.Another10new seedlings recently arrived from the Arbor Day Foundation.I planted them in a safe spot close to the house.When they’re a little larger,I’ll transplant them to a permanent spot where I can watch them grow tall and beautiful.66.Why does the author share the fact that the tree lost in the last storm was“different”in the first paragraph?A.Mainly because it was a rare Canadian blue spruce.B.Mainly because it had survived many strong windstorms.C.Mainly because she had devoted a great deal of effort to protecting it.D.Mainly because the author once signed an agreement with the Foundation.67.The author has lost many trees mainly because________.A.most trees were too weak to protect themselves from the windstormB.many trees did not survive after being relocated to a permanent spotC.she plants trees along the driveway where the wind affects them greatlyD.the amount of rainfall there means tree roots can’t provide firm support68.Which of the following is TRUE?A.All the blue spruces were coincidentally uprooted in the last severe storm.B.The author’s family cut the fir to make room for the blue spruces around it.C.The author planned to sell blue spruces to a logger when they were mature.D.The author was worried that cutting the dead fir would hurt the blue spruces.69.What can we conclude from the last paragraph?A.The author couldn’t get over the fact that she had lost her blue spruces.B.The author wanted to fight against nature by planting more trees.C.The Arbor Day Foundation provides guidance about transplantation.D.The author is hopeful about the new blue spruces she has newly planted.(B)Your Day,Your WayWith more than200marked trails spreading across two great mountains,Whistler Blackcomb can proudly boast that it is North America’s largest ski resort.The Whistler Blackcomb Snow School is regarded as one of the best ski schools in this area.Our programs offer the best possible opportunity to improve skiing and gain confidence,skip lift lines and discover the wonders of Whistler Blackcomb.We have professional instructors from around the world to help you in your language,ability and style.Explore and book your program online now!TEEN LESSONSRIDE TRIBE PROGRAMBENEFITS■Hang out with those of similar age and ability.■Be entitled to free lunches in mountain restaurants.■One instructor to every six kids or less.PRICINGLesson Lesson Lift Regular Season$775$1,0557+DaysRegular Season$820$1,100Within6DaysHoliday Season$825$1,1057+DaysHoliday Season$870$1,150Within6Days■Regular Season:Nov.23to Dec.15,Jan.15to Feb.11,Feb.26to Mar.25,Apr.9to Apr.23■Holiday Season:Dec.16to Jan.14,Feb.12to25,Mar.26to Apr.8■All prices are quoted in Canadian dollars and are subject to tax.Prices are subject to change.■The ride tribe program usually starts on Monday.■Meet at8:45a.m.at the Garibaldi Lift Company Patio.Return to the deck of the Carleton by4:30p.m.■Each Skier is required to wear a helmet.CANCELLATION POLICY■No fee outside of48hours.■Inside48hours,no fee to transfer to another day.■Inside48hours,$25for group lessons and$50for private lessons to be refunded to a credit card.■Medical reasons may be an exception.MORE INFORMATION■ is the official ski rental booking engine for Whistler Blackcomb.You can obtain skiing equipment at all three mountain bases.■Enter your email address below to sign up for messages from our resorts to get special offers,resort updates and snow alerts.■Call1-888-403-4727for more information.70.You would like to take the five-day program at the Whistler Blackcomb Snow School on February18with two friends of yours.You want to buy a lift ticket while they don’t.How much does it cost altogether if you book online in September?A.$2,605.B.$2,740.C.$2,755.D.$2,890.71.If you book the7-day program at the Whistler Blackcomb Snow School online,you_______.①will receive basic training in skiing online②don’t need to pay for your lunch on the mountain③will spend more than40hours learning how to ski④cannot cancel your lesson in any caseA.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④72.According to the passage,which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Nobody is allowed to go skiing without a helmet.B.The ski school offers a special discount in summer.C.Skiers can pick up their rented skis at the mountain bases.D.The Whistler Blackcomb Snow School is well-known in North America.(C)The term culture now is more used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team.In its original sense,however,culture includes all identifying aspects of a racial group,nation,or empire:its physical environment,history,and traditions,its social rules and economic structure,and its religious beliefs and arts.The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another.It is for this reason that most people regard culture as learned rather than innate.People acquire a culture because they are not born with one.The process by which a person develops a taste for regional foods,accented speech,or an outlook on the world over time,therefore,is known as enculturation(文化适应).Cultures are often identified by their symbols—images that are familiar and coated with meaning.Totem poles (图腾柱)carved with animals and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest but more literally represent specific tribes(部落).In Asia and India,the color of yellow is connected with temples while in ancient China it was a color only the emperor’s family was allowed to wear.Thus,different cultures may respond to a symbol quite differently.For example,to some a flag may represent pride,historical accomplishments,or ideals;to others,however,it can mean danger or oppression.To individuals unfamiliar with cultures outside their own,the beliefs,behaviors,and artistic expression of other groups can seem strange and even threatening.A society that ranks all other cultures against its own standards is considered to be ethnocentric(from the Greek ethnos,meaning“people,”and kentros,meaning“center”).A strongly ethnocentric society assumes also that what is different from its own culture is likely to be inferior and,possibly, wrong or evil.All people are ethnocentric to some degree,and some aspects of ethnocentrism,such as national pride,contribute to a well-functioning society.An appreciation for one’s own culture,however,does not prevent acceptance and respect for another culture.History documents the long-term vigour and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and various cultural backgrounds live and work together.Extreme ethnocentrism,in contrast,can lead to racism—the belief that it is race and racial origin that account for variations in human character or ability and that one’s own race is superior to all others.73.The underlined word“innate”in Paragraph2most probably means________.A.avoidableB.developedC.instinctiveD.managed74.According to the passage,the statement which is TRUE is________.A.Culture consists of some positive features of a racial group,nation or empireB.Different interpretations of a symbol help to distinguish one culture from anotherC.An ethnocentric country opens welcoming arms to cultures different from its ownD.People from various cultural backgrounds often reach an agreement on some image75.What can be inferred from the passage?A.All aspects of ethnocentrism can produce negative effects on a society.B.Respect and acceptance of different cultures are a proper cultural attitude.C.Racism is unlikely to bring about serious conflicts among different cultures.D.Countries with a strong sense of national pride play a superior role in the world.76.The most proper title of the passage might be________.A.Culture,a Faithful Mirror of HistoryB.Culture,the Origin of Racial SuperiorityC.Culture,the Vigor of World DevelopmentD.Culture,a Distinctive Identity of a NationSection C(8)Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.In many ways,our courage to imagine helps push back the boundaries of possibility.B.Therefore,as you can see evidenced by such examples,age has absolutely nothing to do with it.C.What’s even worse than restriction is that adults often underestimate kids’abilities.D.The reality,unfortunately,is a little different,and it has a lot to do with trust,or a lack of it.E.For better or worse,we kids aren’t held back as much when it comes to thinking about reasons why not to do things.F.But there’s a problem with this rosy picture of kids being so much better than adults.For kids like me,being called childish can be a frequent occurrence.Every time we make irrational demands or exhibit irresponsible behavior,we are called childish.Take a look at these events:imperialism,colonization,world wars,etc.Who’s responsible?Adults.What have kids done?Anne Frank touched millions with her powerful account of the Holocaust,Ruby Bridges helped to end segregation in the United States,and,most recently,Charlie Simpson helped to raise120,000pounds for Haiti on his little bike.77The traits the word childish addresses are seen so often in adults that we should delete this age-discriminatory word when it comes to criticizing behavior associated with irresponsibility and irrational thinking.Then again,who’s to say that certain types of irrational thinking aren’t exactly what the world needs?Maybe you’ve had grand plans before but stopped yourself,thinking,“That’s impossible,”or,“That costs too much,”or,“That won’t benefit me.”78Kids can be full of inspiring aspirations and hopeful thinking.Like my wish that no one went hungry or that everything were a free kind of utopia(不切实际的空想).Sometimes a knowledge of history and the past failures of utopian ideals can be a burden because you know that if everything were free,then the food stocks would become depleted and scarce and lead to chaos.But in order to make anything a reality,you have to dream about it first.79For instance,the Museum of Glass in Tacoma,Washington,has a program called Kids Design Glass, and kids draw their own ideas for glass art.The resident artists said they got some of their best ideas through the program because kids don’t think about the limitations of how hard it can be to blow glass into certain shapes;they just think of good ideas.Our inherent wisdom doesn’t have to be insiders’knowledge.Kids already do a lot of learning from adults,and we have a lot to share.I think that adults should start learning from kids.Learning between grownups and kids should be reciprocal(相互对等的).80If you don’t trust someone,you place restrictions on them.Adults seem to have a universally restrictive attitude towards kids from every“don’t do that,don’t do this”in the school handbook to。
福建省泉州市2023—2024学年度上学期高一期中考试语文试题【含答案】
福建省泉州市高一期中考试语文试题考生注意:1.2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
3.本试卷主要考试内容:部编版必修上册第一、三、六单元。
一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题,19分)阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
材料一:凭借着科幻场景的震撼力、科幻想象的创造力、科幻人文的认知力,《流浪地球2》完成了中国式情感、中国式精神的多重表达,创造了中国式科幻叙事新话语,在人类命运共同体的宏阔视野中,展现出可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象。
《流浪地球》系列电影始终坚持以中国情感创新中国科幻叙事。
“带着地球去流浪”的《流浪地球》科幻想象,是中国传统思想与现代科学精神的有机结合,也是中国价值融汇世界话语的创新视角。
在《流浪地球2》中,“中国视角”的叙事核心得到进一步强化,并以此锚定了中国式科幻叙事价值立场。
置于未来世界中央的中国,在不可预知的生存危机面前,为拯救世界提供了独树一帜的中国方案,展示了承载中华几千年文明的中国智慧。
同时,释放出以“家”“亲情”为标识的中国式情感。
当妻儿抽签无果无法进入地下城避险时,刘培强选择了再次面试航天领航员为家人获取名额;为了给予已经去世女儿完整的生命,图恒宇不惜以身试险,将女儿的数字生命储存卡接入超级电脑。
一个甘愿牺牲,一个敢于冒险,爱情与亲情迸发出中国式情感的光辉,呈现出中国式情感中具实质朴的底色。
《流浪地球2》以中国精神升格中国科幻文化。
如果说“中国叙事”与“中国情感”是在科幻类型的故事层面建构中表达,那么《流浪地球2》更深层次的主题与思考,则是在营造十足科幻视听魅力的同时,将中国价值更具哲理思辨性地呈现出来。
中华文明历经沧桑,孕育了“协和万邦”的和平发展愿景,催生了“穷则独善其身,达则兼济天下”的处世智慧,成就了“天下同归而殊途,一致而百虑”的包容性治理理念。
影片将这些一脉相承的中国传统哲学与人文思想,注入科学精神、科幻想象,通过片中人物的关键抉择予以表达。
面对末日危机,身处看似不可逆转的困境,人类如何选择?在一系列基于科学认知的拯救地球群体行为中,影片凸显了“责任”二字的千钧之力。
(成都七中)四川省成都市第七中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试化学试题(含答案)
成都七中2023-2024学年度上期高2023级半期考试化学试卷(考试时间:75分钟;试卷满分:100分)可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 O-16 Na-23 S-32 Cl-35.5一、单项选择题(本题共14小题,每题3分,共42分)1.下列劳动项目与所涉及的化学知识叙述正确且有关联的是2.化学实验是化学探究的一种重要途径。
下列有关实验操作正确的是A.用过滤操作除去淀粉胶体中混有的NaCl杂质B.中学实验室中,不可将未用完的钠放回原试剂瓶C.进行焰色试验时,可用玻璃棒替代铂丝D.用湿润的淀粉-KI试纸检验Cl23.宏观辨识与微观探析是化学学科核心素养之一。
下列离子方程式书写完全正确的是A.氯气通入水中:Cl2+H2O=2H++Cl‒+ClO‒B.MnO2与浓盐酸反应制氯气:MnO2+4H++2Cl‒=Mn2++Cl2↑+2H2OC.向沸水中滴入饱和FeCl3溶液,煮沸至液体呈红褐色立即停热:Fe3++3H2O=Fe(OH)3↓+3H+ D.向NaHCO3溶液中加入等体积等浓度的Ba(OH)2溶液:HCO3−+Ba2++O H‒=BaCO3↓+H2O 4.NaCl是实验室中的一种常用试剂。
下列与NaCl有关的实验,描述正确的是A.海水晒盐过程主要发生化学变化B.应透过蓝色钴玻璃观察NaCl在灼烧时的焰色,从而检验Na元素C.进行粗盐提纯时,可向上层清液中继续滴加2~3滴BaCl2溶液以检验SO42‒是否除尽D.除去NaCl溶液中的NaHCO3:加适量NaOH溶液5.归纳总结是化学学习的重要方法。
NaHSO4稀溶液的部分化学性质总结如下。
下列说法错误的是A.性质①说明NaHSO4溶液显酸性B.性质②中发生反应的离子方程式为Ba2++SO42‒=BaSO4↓C.性质③中反应生成的气体是H2,该反应属于置换反应D.以上性质说明NaHSO4溶液具有酸的通性,在某些反应中可以代替稀H2SO46.利用如图装置进行Cl2的制备及性质探究实验时,下列说法错误的是A.甲中反应的氧化剂与还原剂的物质的量之比为1∶4B.乙的作用为除去Cl2中的HClC.丙中紫色石蕊试液先变红后褪色D.为吸收多余的Cl2,丁中可盛放NaOH溶液7.一块绿豆大小的钠块加入到盛有一定量水的烧杯中,反应现象十分丰富。
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六十七中学2006—2007学年高一年级上学期期中练习试题语文2006年11月班级姓名分数一.基础知识训练:(10分,每小题2分)1.下列加点字注音都正确的一组是:()A.踟.蹰 ( chí) 隽.永(juàn)倔.强(juè)慰藉. ( jiè )B.窠.臼 ( kē) 翌.日( lì)倾.诉(qīng )霎.时( shà)C.宁谧.(mì)亘.古(gèn)恪.守( kè)熨.帖(yù )D.拙劣.( liè)邂.逅(xiè)教诲.( huǐ)独处.(chǔ)2.下列词语中书写有两组错误的一项是:()A.漫溯——塑造点啜——缀泣猝然——荟萃毕竟——竞相生长B.惆怅——稠密花芯——灯蕊余遐——暇迩安祥——吉详三宝C.渲染——喧响步履——覆亡苍茫——沧桑迥然——炯炯有神D.雾蔼——和霭岁暮——羡慕幽僻——譬如骋用——游目聘怀3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是①岗位培训改变了只在学校接受教育的状况,一个人离开学校并不意味着学习的。
②由于环境污染和一些人为的原因,著名的阿尔巴斯白山羊绒的品质正在逐步地。
③“月光如流水一般,静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上”,这个“泻”字用得。
A.终止退化精当 B.中止退化恰当C.中止蜕化精当 D.终止蜕化恰当4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用恰当的一句是:A.据专家推算,在首都市内的空气污染中,汽车尾气的排放可算首当其冲....,竟占了污染总量的45%。
B.丁局长收取贿赂的事情被人揭发了,他现在声名狼藉....。
C.只要你能身临其境....地为我想一想,你就会同情我的处境,就不会是这种态度了!D.近年来,一些正值豆寇年华....的大学生沉迷在网吧里,从而荒废了学业,浪费了青春,真让人痛心不已。
5.依次填入下列两句中横线处的语句,与上下文语义连贯、音节和谐的一组是()(1)每逢深秋时节,松竹山茶,色彩绚丽,美景尽览。
(2)远眺群山环抱,近看小河流水,茶园葱绿,松竹并茂。
①置身山顶,俯瞰槐榆丹枫,②置身山顶俯瞰,槐榆丹枫,③白云缭绕,层林叠翠。
④层林叠翠,白云缭绕;A.①③ B.①④ C.②③ D.②④二.(课内)文言文阅读:(10分,每小题2分)佚之狐言于郑伯曰:“国危矣,若使烛之武见秦君,师必退。
”公从之。
辞曰:“臣之壮也,犹不如人;今老矣,无能为也已。
”公曰:“吾不能早用子,今急而求子,是寡人之过也。
然郑亡,子亦有不利焉。
”许之。
夜缒而出,见秦伯,曰:“秦、晋围郑,郑既知亡矣。
若亡郑而有益于君,敢以烦执事。
越国以鄙远,君知其难也。
焉用亡郑以陪邻?邻之厚,君之薄也。
若舍郑以为东道主,行李之往来,共其乏困,君亦无所害。
且君尝为晋君赐矣,许君焦、瑕,朝济而夕设版焉,君之所知也。
夫晋,何厌之有?既东封郑,又欲肆其西封,若不阙秦,将焉取之?阙秦以利晋,唯君图之。
”秦伯说,与郑人盟。
使杞子、逢孙、扬孙戍之,乃还。
《烛之武退秦师》(节选) 6.对下列句子中加点的词的解释,不正确的一项是A.是寡人之过.也过:过错。
B.若亡.郑而有益于君亡:灭亡。
C.朝济.而夕设版焉济:渡河。
D.与郑人盟盟:结盟。
7.指出下列句中没有的通假字的一项()A.越国以鄙远B.共其乏困C.秦伯说,与郑人盟D.失其所与,不知8.下列各句中加点词意义和用法相同的一项是()A.①佚之狐言于.郑伯 B.①若亡郑而有益于.君②赵氏求救于.齐②皆以美于.徐公C.①夫晋,何厌之.有? D.①臣之.壮也,犹不如人②四方之士来者,必庙礼之.②吾妻之.美我者,私我也9.下列省略句中成分补充正确的是()①()夜缒而出,见秦伯②()许君焦、瑕,朝济而夕设版焉③()既东封郑,又欲肆其西封④客从外来,与()坐谈⑤皆以()美于徐公A.①烛之武②晋君③晋君④客⑤邹忌B.①郑伯②晋君③晋君④邹忌⑤客C.①秦师②郑伯③秦伯④妻、妾⑤邹忌D.①秦师②郑伯③秦伯④邹忌⑤客10.选出不属于让秦伯退兵理由的一项()A.许君焦、瑕,朝济而夕设版焉。
B.邻之厚、君之薄也。
C.秦晋围郑,郑既知亡矣。
D.夫晋,何厌之有?三.诗歌鉴赏(8分,每小题2分)11.阅读下面这首诗,选出对这首诗内容的解说,不恰当的一项是()邂逅[台湾]席慕蓉他把忧伤画在眼角我将流浪抹上额头你用思念添几缕白发我让岁月雕刻我憔悴的手然后在街角我们擦身而过漠然地不再相识啊亲爱的朋友请别错怪那韶光改人容颜我们自己才是那个化妆师A.第一节中,诗人用“画”、“抹”、“添”、“雕刻”等词语,既显示了岁月流逝的轨迹,也揭示了人们“自寻烦恼”的反常心理。
B.诗人在第一节将“你”、“我”如一的“雕琢”展现出来,在第二节中便把“化妆”得严严整整的“你”、“我”推向街角,展现擦身而过却不相识的场面。
C.第二节中“请别错怪”一句仿佛是一种规劝,又仿佛是一种提醒,娓娓而谈中解释了“漠然地不再相识”的本质。
D.诗人在诗中把抽象的人生“世态”阐述得既含蓄深沉又细致入微,他含蓄地告诉人们,经常化妆打扮自己,并不能带来美丽,而只会使自己苍老。
12.对冰心的诗《繁星》的赏析,不恰当的一项是()繁星闪烁着——深蓝的天空,何曾听得见他们对语?沉默中微光里他们深深的互相颂赞了。
A.诗的开头,诗人面对深邃的天空,展开了丰富的想象:那些闪烁着的繁星一定在频频对语,然而他们的对语又难以听到。
B.接下来,诗人笔锋一转,为读者展示了另一个想像的天地:听不到繁星的对语,并非意味着她们真正的沉默,更非意味着她们之间有什么隔膜。
C.这首诗运用比喻手法,融情入景,使诗篇收到了情景交融、意境深邃、饱蕴哲理的艺术效果。
D.这首诗通过想像,让星星相亲相爱、“互相颂赞”表达了诗人希望人与人之间要互敬互爱的美好愿望。
13.阅读《我不记得我的母亲》,任选两题作答。
我不记得我的母亲泰戈尔我不记得我的母亲,只在我游戏中间有时似乎有段歌谣在我玩具上回旋,是她在晃动我的摇篮时所哼过的那些歌调。
我不记得我的母亲,但当初秋的早晨合欢花香在空气中浮动,庙里晨祷的馨香向我吹来像母亲一样的气息。
我不记得我的母亲,只当我从卧室的窗口眺望悠远的蓝天,我觉得我的母亲凝注在我脸上的眼光布满了整个天空。
①.这首诗表面上说诗人不记得自己的母亲,实际上却是记忆深刻,诗人怎样叙写母亲对自己的爱。
_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________。
②泰戈尔的诗歌美好轻盈,这与诗歌选取的意象有密切关系,请就本诗中的一二意象作具体的分析。
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________。
③.本诗用词精当,请指出你认为使用精当的词并作具体分析。
四.阅读下面短文,用现代汉语翻译下列划线句子(4分,每小题2分)虎求百兽而食之,得狐。
狐曰:“子无敢食我也!天帝使我长百兽,今子食我,是逆天帝命也!子以我为不信,吾为子先行,子随我后,观百兽之见我而敢不走乎?”虎以为然,故逐与之行。
兽见之皆走。
虎不知兽畏已而走也,以为畏狐也。
①.天帝使我长百兽,今子食我,是逆天帝命也!②.虎不知兽畏已而走也,以为畏狐也。
五.默写及相关文学常识填空(10分,每空1分)1.恰同学少年,,书生意气,(《沁园春·长沙》。
)2.,,你的心是小小的窗扉紧掩。
(《错误》)3.树缝里也漏着一两点路灯光,,。
(《荷塘月色》)4.《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》选自《战国策·齐策》,原为战国末期和秦汉间人编纂,后经汉代编订成书,属于体史书。
文中“令初下,群臣进谏,;数月之后,;期年之后,虽欲言,无可进者”写出了齐王纳谏,颁布进谏赏令后国内的变化。
六.(课内)现代文阅读(14分)阅读下面一段文字,回答文后4~8题。
曲曲折折的荷塘上面,弥望的是田田的叶子。
叶子出水很高,像亭亭的舞女的裙。
层层的叶子中间,零星地点缀着些白花,有袅娜地开着的,有羞涩地打着朵儿的;正如一粒粒的明珠,又如碧天里的星星,又如刚出浴的美人。
微风过处,送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。
这时候叶子与花也有一丝的颤动,像闪电般,霎时传过荷塘的那边去了。
叶子本是肩并肩密密地挨着,这便宛然有了一道凝碧的波痕。
叶子底下是脉脉的流水,遮住了,不能见一些颜色;而叶子却更见风致了。
月光如流水一般,静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。
薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里。
叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样;又像笼着轻纱的梦。
虽然是满月,天上却有一层淡淡的云,所以不能朗照;但我以为这恰是到了好处——酣眠固不可少,小睡也别有风味的。
月光是隔了树照过来的,高处丛生的灌木,落下参差的斑驳的黑影,峭楞楞如鬼一般;弯弯的杨柳和稀疏的倩影,却又像是画在荷叶上。
塘中的月色并不均匀;但光与影有着和谐的旋律,如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲。
《荷塘月色》(节选)朱自清1.联系上下文,仔细体味下面几个词语在文中的含义。
(2分)袅娜:_______________________________ 羞涩:_______________________________ 2.本文用到了多种修辞手法,增强了表现力,如拟人和通感等。
请从上段文字中分别找出一个例子来。
(2分)拟人:__________________________________ 通感:__________________________________3.“叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样;又像笼着轻纱的梦”一句中,两个分句各侧重于描写什么?(3分)答:4.段中的“酣眠”与“小睡”分别喻指什么景象?(4分)答:①②5.“光与影有着和谐的旋律”所描写的具体景色是什么?(3分)答:七.仿写:在下面这个赞颂“无名英雄”的比喻句后,再接着仿造两个比喻句,句式要与前一句相同,意境要与前一句一致。
(4分)你(无名英雄)不是金秋的硕果,而是果树下的一方泥土;。
八.写作:(40分)在物欲横流的今天,在快节奏的都市生活中,许多人的世界里小得只剩下自己,开始变得对身边人和事熟视无睹,对别人的爱与关怀不再感动,更缺乏感激。