非谓语三种形式的区别和辨析

非谓语动词三种形式用法的区别：

1. 做主语：

v-ing & to do 都可以做主语，大多数情况两者没有区别。注意：但是v-ed不可以做主语。Exploring the Amazon River deserves courage. ( doing 表抽象的概念)

To explore the Amazon River deserves courage. ( to do 表具体的/将来的动作)

其余注意事项：

1）Seeing is believing.

To see is to believe. (即：主语与表语的形式要一致)

但是不能说：Seeing is to believe; 或者To see is believing.

2）Lincoln said it was not right for the south to break away from the union.

Linda said it was nice of you to lend her money.

The children’s loving nature can surely inspire their love for their family members.

3) It is no good / no use / useless + doing sth 句型

It’s no use crying over spilt milk.

4) There is no + doing. 句型

There is no knowing what will happen next. 谁也不知道下一步会发生什么。

There is no telling what will happen. 谁也无法判断、辨别将要发生什么。

2. 做表语：

My favorite hobby is to collect / collecting old coins. (一般概念to do/doing 可以互换)

Our aim is to help the old lead a happy life. (表具体的/将来的动作用to do)

We were all greatly amazed at the children’s wonderful performance.

The children’s wonderful performance was amazing.

3. 作宾语：用哪种形式做宾语往往跟动词的搭配用法有关

like / love to do & like / love doing;

begin / start to do & begin / start doing;

prefer to do & prefer doing;

continue to do & continue doing;

try to do VS try doing;

mean to do VS mean doing;

can’t help doing VS can’t help (to) do

go on to do VS go on doing;

stop to do VS stop doing;

forget to do VS forget doing / forget having done

regret to do VS regret doing / regret having done;

remember to do VS remember doing / remember having done;

sth need doing & sth need to be done (需要)

sth require doing & sth require to be done (需要)

sth want doing & sth want to be done (需要)

sth deserve doing & sth deserve to be done (值得)

需要注意的重要形式：

特殊疑问词(how / what / when/ where…) + to do = 宾语从句

Hearing the sad news, I didn’t know what to do.

= Hearing the sad news, I didn’t know what I could do.

I couldn’t decide whether to work another year or change my job.

= I couldn’t decide whether I could work another year or change my job.

2）it 做形式宾语，to do / doing做真正的宾语

I though it an honor to have been invited to dinner. ( to be invited to dinner的完成式) I found it no use attempting to lose weight by going on diet.

3）I’m looking forward to seeing you again.

I have no choice but to stay home for another hour.

I have nothing to do but stay home for another hour.

I can do nothing but stay home for another hour.

4. 作宾语补足语：（考试重点）

I often notice a little boy pass this corridor and enter the garden.

I found a stranger walking nearby our shop.

( doing 强调动作正在进行；（看到、注意到）动作的一部分)