选修6

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选修-6.祭十二郎文基础知识梳理练习

错了消息】，东野之书，耿兰之报，何为而在吾侧也？【可是，东野报丧的信件，耿兰述哀的讣[fù]文，为什么又分明放在我身边呢？】呜呼！其信然矣！【唉！这是真的啊！】吾兄之盛德而夭其嗣矣！【我哥哥的美好品德反而使得他的儿子夭亡了啊！】汝之纯明宜业其家者，不克蒙
其泽矣.！【你纯洁聪明最适于继. 承家业，却不能承受先人
愁。. 】呜呼！其竞以此而殒(yǔn)其生？【唉！难道这种
病竟然夺去了的生命吗？】抑别有疾而致斯乎？【还是另患重病而无法挽救呢？】汝之书，六月十七日也；【你的信，是六月十七日写的；】东野云，汝殁以六月二日；
兄之盛.德而天其嗣乎？【如果是. 真的，我哥哥的美好品德
反而会使他的儿子短命吗？】汝之纯明而不克蒙其泽乎？
【你. 这样纯洁聪明却不应该承受先人的恩泽吗？】少者强
者而天殁、长者衰者而存全乎？未可以为信也！【年轻的强壮的反而天亡，年长的衰弱的反而全活，这是万万不能相信的啊！】梦也，传之非其真也【这是在做梦，这是传
呜呼！吾少（ shào）孤，及长(zhǎng)，不省(xǐng)
所怙. (hù)，惟兄嫂是依。【唉！我从小就做了孤儿，等到
长大，连父亲是什么样子都记不清，唯一的依靠，就是哥
哥和嫂嫂。】中年，兄殁(mò)南方，吾与汝俱幼，从嫂归葬河阳。【哥哥才到中年，又死于南方，我和你都年幼，
跟随嫂嫂把哥哥的灵柩送回河阳安葬。】既又与汝就食江南，零丁孤苦，未尝一日相离也。【后来又和你跑到江南宣州找饭吃，虽然零丁孤苦，但没有一天和你分离过。】吾上有三兄，皆不幸早世，承先人后者，在孙惟汝，在子
头发花白，牙齿也松动了。】念诸父与诸兄，皆康强而早
世，. 如吾之衰者，其能久存乎？【想到我的几位叔伯和几
位兄长都身体健康、却都过早地逝世，像我这样衰弱的人，哪能长命呢？】吾不可去，妆不肯来，恐旦暮死，而汝抱无涯之戚也。【我离不开这儿，你又不肯来，生怕我早晚

人教版高中英语选修六第一单元课件Languagepoints

8. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature … conventional adj. (traditional)常规的，通常的，传统的；受俗套束缚的，按习惯办事的，陈旧的，形式上的
e.g. The chairman made a few conventional remarks. 主席说了几句客套话。
6. consequently adv. 所以，因此 consequent adj. 随后的，相应的 consequence n. 后果
e.g. Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it. “福斯特先生从未去过中国, 所以对中国了解的很少。”
【考例】
If I _____ plan to do anything I wanted
to, I’d like to go to Tibet and travel
through as much of it as possible.
would
B. could
C. had to
D. ought to
【点拨】根据句子提供的语境，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if 从句的谓语要用一般过去式；再根据句意“要是我能计划做我想做的事，我就……”，选could。
conventional weapons 常规武器
a conventional design 传统图案
conventional opinions 旧观念
9. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, …

高中英语人教版选修6关键知识提炼

高中英语人教版选修6关键知识提炼
1. 文化差异
- 英语人教版选修6涉及到了一些国际文化差异的话题，例如多元文化、国际交往等。

- 学生们需要理解和尊重不同文化之间的差异，培养跨文化意识和交际能力。

2. 文学与艺术
- 教材中包含了一些经典文学作品和艺术创作，如莎士比亚的戏剧和印象派绘画。

- 学生们应该学会欣赏文学和艺术作品，并能够运用英语描述和解读它们。

3. 环境保护
- 选修6中关注了环境保护的重要性，涉及到了气候变化、可持续发展等话题。

- 学生们应该了解环境问题，并积极参与到环保行动中去。

4. 社会问题
- 教材中还涉及了一些社会问题，如青少年犯罪、贫困等。

- 学生们需要思考和讨论这些问题，并提出解决方案。

5. 学术写作
- 选修6着重培养学生的学术写作能力，包括论述和议论文的写作技巧。

- 学生们需要学会构思、组织和表达自己的观点，并能够用正确的英语表达出来。

以上是高中英语人教版选修6的关键知识提炼，希望对您有帮助。

人教版高中英语选修六（Book6Unit1）

人教版高中英语选修六(Book6 Unit1)Unit1Art假如你叫李华，最近你的美国笔友Tony要来北京体验中国传统文化，请根据他的问题回复邮件，为他设计北京一日游活动，帮助他体验中国传统文化。

请描述你们打算去的地方、具体的活动安排以及这样安排的理由。

Dear Tony,I'm glad that you will come to Beijing soon.There are lots of places of interest in Beijing.Here I do recommend Beijing Hutong tour.First,we will go sightseeing along the lanes in Hutong.The houses in Hutong are traditional,called Siheyuan.From them,you can imagine how people used to live.You can stop anywhere you like and it is interesting to take pictures or have a close look.Next,we are going to pay visits to a Hutong family.We can have lunch there and have a short talk with the local residents,which can help you learn about many stories of the past.We can not only appreciate the dramatic changes that Hutong has undergone,but also see evidence of the history of Beijing, experience the old way of life and experience traditional Beijing culture.In a word,Hutongs are the homes of common people in the past.It is easy to know how people lived and had fun in the old days.So it is a good choice to learn about traditional Chinese culture.I'm looking forward to your coming.Yours,Li Hua1.文章体裁:应用文——电子邮件。

人教版高二英语选修六单词表

以下是为⼤家整理的关于《⼈教版⾼⼆英语选修六单词表》，供⼤家学习参考！选修6Unit 1△realistic adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的 n. 摘要 sculpture n. 雕塑△sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊 faith n. 信任；信⼼；信念 faithfully adv. 忠实地△consequently adv. 所以；因⽽ aim n. ⽬标；⽬的 vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某⽅向）努⼒ conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的evident adj. 明显的；明⽩的△Giotto di Bondone 乔托（意⼤利画家、雕刻家、建筑师）△renaissance n. 新⽣；复兴；复活△the Renaissance ⽂艺复兴（时期） adopt vt. 采⽤；采纳；收养△humanistic adj. ⼈道主义的 possess vt. 拥有；具有；⽀配 possession n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 superb adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的△perspective n. 透视画法；透视图；观点technique n. 技术；⽅法；技能△Masaccio 马萨乔（意⼤利画家） coincidence n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、⼝味、故事等）相合 by coincidence 巧合地△masterpiece n. 杰作；名著△impressionism n. 印象主义；印象派△impressionist adj. 印象派的n. 印象派艺术家△post-impressionist adj. 后印象派的 n. 后印象派艺术家 a great deal ⼤量 shadow n. 阴影；影⼦ ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 controversial adj. 争论的；争议的 attempt n. 努⼒；尝试；企图 vt. 尝试；企图 on the other hand (可是)另⼀⽅⾯ predict vt. 预⾔；预告；预测△landscape n. 风景；景⾊ specific adj. 确切的；特定的 figure n. 画像；⾝材；数字clay n. 黏⼟△critic n. 评论家；批评者△bronze n. 青铜；青铜⾊；青铜制艺术品 marble n. ⼤理⽯△Mona Lisa 蒙娜?丽莎（达?芬奇所作的⼀幅肖像画）△Leonardo da Vinci 列奥纳多?达?芬奇（意⼤利画家） carve vt. 雕刻；刻记 delicate adj. 脆弱的；容易⽣病的；精致的△Michelangelo ⽶开朗基罗（意⼤利⽂艺复兴雕刻家、画家、建筑师和诗⼈）△canvas n. 帆布；画布△Picasso 毕加索（西班⽛画家） café n. 咖啡馆；⼩餐馆 allergic adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的△effectively adv. 有效地 exhibition n. 展览；陈列；展览会 aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好⽃的 scholar n. 学者 flesh n. ⾁；肌⾁；⾁体in the flesh 活着的；本⼈△Matisse 马蒂斯（法国画家） geometry n. ⼏何学 bunch n. 束；串△ Manhattan n. 曼哈顿岛；曼哈顿区（纽约市中⼼） avenue n. 林荫道；道路；⼤街 preference n. 喜爱；偏爱△Guggenheim Museum 古根海姆博物馆△display vt. 展⽰；陈列；显露 appeal vi. 有感染⼒；呼吁；求助 vt. 将……上诉 n. 呼吁；恳求 appeal to （对某⼈）有吸引⼒；（使某⼈）感兴趣 fragile adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的△circular adj. 圆形的；环形的；循环的△metropolitan adj. 主要都市的；⼤城市的 reputation n. 名声；名誉 civilization n. ⽂明；⽂化；⽂明社会 Egypt n. 埃及（东北⾮国家） Egyptian adj.埃及的；埃及⼈的 visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的 fragrant adj. ⾹的；令⼈愉快的△Monet 莫奈（法国画家）△Whitney 惠特尼△Madison n. 麦迪逊 contemporary adj. 当代的；同时代的 permanent adj. 永久的；持久的 district n. 区；区域；⾏政区committee n. 委员会 signature n. 署名；签字Unit 2△poetry n. 诗（总称）；诗意 tick vt. 给……标记号 rhyme n. 韵；押韵；押韵的词 vi. & vt. (使)押韵 convey vt. 传达；运送△emotion n. 情感；情结；感情 nursery n. 托⼉所 nursery rhyme 童谣 concrete adj. 具体的△repetition n. 重复；反复；循环contradictory adj. 引起⽭盾的；好反驳的△hush vi. &vt. （使某⼈）安静下来△mockingbird n. 嘲鸫（⼀种鸟，能模仿其他鸟的叫声） diamond n. 钻⽯；菱形△brass n. 黄铜；黄铜器△billy-goat n. 公⼭⽺ flexible adj. 灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的pattern n. 模式；式样；图案△squire n. 乡绅 cottage n. 村舍；⼩屋△coffin n. 棺材 sparrow n. ⿇雀△kitten n. ⼩猫 tke it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容 run out of ⽤完△cinquain n. 五⾏诗 be made up of 由……构成 tease vi. & vt. 取笑；招惹；戏弄 salty adj. 含盐的；咸的△droop vi. 低垂；凋萎；萎靡△dread vi. & vt. 害怕；畏惧 endless adj. ⽆穷的；⽆⽌境的△haiku n. 俳句△syllable n. ⾳节 minimum n. 最低限度；最少量最⼩数 translation n. 翻译；译⽂ branch n. 枝条；⽀流；部门△melt （melted; melted, molten） vi. 融化；溶化；软化△brimful adj. 盈满的；满到边际的 in particular 尤其；特别 eventually adv.最后；终于△await vt. 等候；期待 transform vi. & vt. 转化；转换；改造变换△revolve vi. & vt. （使）旋转△utter vt. 说；讲；发出（声⾳） sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛；懊悔 bare adj. ⾚*的；光秃的；稀少的 n. 最基本的要素 librarian n. 图书馆馆长；图书馆管理员 forever adv. 永远△stem n. 茎；⼲△cement n. ⽔泥 section n. 部分；节；切下的块 appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的exchange n. 交换；交流；互换 vt. & vi. 调换；交换 diploma n. 毕业⽂凭；学位证书 sponsor n. 赞助⼈；主办者；倡议者 vt.发起；举办；倡议 blank n. 空⽩ adj. 空⽩的；茫然的 compass n. 指南针；罗盘；（复数）圆规 bride n. 新娘 bridegroom n.新郎 championship n. 冠军称号△rhythmic adj. 有节奏的；有规律的 darkness n. ⿊暗；漆⿊ warmth n. 暖和；温暖 try out 测试；试验 scholarship n. 奖学⾦；学问；学术成就 pianist n. 钢琴家；钢琴演奏者 violinist n. ⼩提琴演奏者 let out 发出；放⾛load n. 负担；负荷物（尤指沉重的）Unit 3cigarette n. ⾹烟；纸烟 alcohol n. 酒；酒精 alcoholic adj. 酒精的 abuse n. & vt. 滥⽤；虐待△fitness n. 健康△sexual adj. 性的；性别的 stress n. 压⼒；重⾳ vt. 加压⼒于；使紧张△stressful adj. 产⽣压⼒的；紧张的△obesity n. （过度）肥胖；肥胖症 adolescent n. 青少年 adj. 青春期的 adolescence n. 青春期 ban vt. 禁⽌；取缔 n. 禁令；谴责 due adj. ⽋款的；预定的；到期的 due to 由于…… tough adj. 困难的；强硬的 addicted adj. ⼊了迷的；上了瘾的 addicted to 对……有瘾△nicotine n. 尼古丁 accustom vt. 使习惯于 accustomed adj. 惯常的；习惯了的 accustomed to 习惯于…… withdrawal n. 收回；撤退；戒毒（或脱瘾）过程△bad-tempered adj. 脾⽓暴躁的；易怒的 automatic adj. ⽆意识的；⾃动的 automatically adv. ⽆意识地；⾃动地 mental adj. 精神的；智⼒的 mentally adv. 精神上；智⼒上 quit vt. 停⽌（做某事）；离开 effect n. 结果；效⼒ lung n. 肺pregnant adj. 怀孕的 abnormal adj. 畸形的；异常的 breathless adj. ⽓喘吁吁的；屏息的 unfit adj. 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的 strengthen vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强 vi. 变强△resolve n. 决⼼；决定 decide on 对……作出决定 packet n. ⼩包；⼩盒 feel like (doing) 想要（做）…… △relaxation n. 放松，松弛 desperate adj. 绝望的，拼命的 chemist n. 药剂师；化学家△gum n. 树胶△chewing gum ⼝⾹糖 disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的△weaken vi. （对某事的决⼼）动摇；减弱 vt. （使）变弱ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 comprehension n. 理解（⼒） in spite of 不顾；不管 take risks (a risk) 冒险 get into 陷⼊；染上（坏习惯） etc (et cetera) adv. 诸如此类的事物；等等 appendix （复数-dixes, -dices） n. 附录；附件 illegal adj. 不合法的；违法的 pill n. 药丸；药⽚△robbery n. 抢劫；盗窃△slippery adj. 滑的△HIV （Human Immunodeficiency Virus）⼈体免疫缺损病毒（艾滋病病毒）△ AIDS （Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）艾滋病（后天免疫缺损综合症） at risk 处境危险；遭受危险△SARS （Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome）⾮典型性肺炎△immune adj. 有免疫⼒的 survival n. 幸存；幸存者 sex n. 性；性别△fluid n. 液体；流体△inject vt. 注射△injection n. 注射；注射剂 needle n. 针；（注射器的）针头△spill （spilt, spilt） vi. 溢出；酒落 vt. 使溢出；使酒落 male adj. 男性的；雄性的 n. 男⼈；雄性动（植）物 female adj. ⼥性的；雌性的 n. 雌性的动（植）物；⼥⼈△condom n. 避孕套△homosexual n. 同性恋 adj. 同性恋的 prejudice n. 偏见；成见judgement n. 看法；判决；判断△disco n. 迪斯科舞会；迪斯科舞厅 abortion n. 流产；中途失败 cigar n. 雪茄烟 embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；陷⼊困境的 awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的Unit 4consume vt. 消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完△renewable adj. 能再⽣的；可更新的△greenhouse n. 温室；花房△Fahrenheit adj. 华⽒的 n. 华⽒温度计 come about 发⽣；造成△Sophie 索菲（⼥名）△Armstrong 阿姆斯特朗（姓） graph n. 图表；坐标图；曲线图 random adj. 胡乱的；任意的 phenomenon (复数-ena) n. 现象 subscribe vi. 同意；捐赠；订阅 vt. (签署)⽂件；捐助subscribe to 同意；赞成；订购△fossil n. 化⽯；从地下采掘出来的（矿物） fuel n. 燃料△byproduct n. 副产品△Janice 贾尼丝（⼥名）△Foster 福斯特（姓或男名）△methane n. 甲烷；沼⽓△Celsius adj. (温度)摄⽒的 quantity n. 量；数量 quantities of ⼤量的 tend vi. 趋向；易于；照顾 vt. 照顾；护理 go up 上升；增长；升起△Charles Keeling 查尔斯?基林△measurement n. 衡量；测量；尺⼨ per prep. 每；每⼀ data n. 资料；数据 result in 导致 trend n. 趋势；倾向；⾛向 catastrophe n. ⼤灾难；浩劫 flood n. 洪⽔；⽔灾△drought n. 旱灾；⼲旱△famine n. 饱荒△George Hambley 乔治?汗布利 oppose vt. 反对；反抗；与（某⼈）较量 opposed adj. 反对的；对⽴的 be opposed to 反对…… mild adj. 温和的；温柔的；淡的△environmental adj.环境的△environmentalist n. 环境保护论者 consequence n. 结果；后果；影响 state vt. 陈述；说明 range n. 种类；范围 even if 即使 keep on 继续 glance vi. 看⼀下；扫视 n. ⼀瞥 steady adj. 平稳的；持续的；稳固的 steadily adv. 平稳地；持续地tendency n. 倾向；趋势 widespread adj. 分布⼴的；普遍的 on the whold ⼤体上；基本上△economical adj. 节约的；经济的△hectare n. 公顷 average adj. 平均的 existence n. ⽣存；存在 outer adj. 外部的；外⾯的 on behalf of 代表……⼀⽅；作为……的代⾔⼈△individual n. 个⼈；个体 adj. 单独的；个别的 advocate vt. 拥护；提倡；主张 commitment n. ；交托；信奉put up with 忍受；容忍 pollution n. 污染；弄脏 growth n. 增长；⽣长 electrical adj. 电的；与电有关的△appliance n. ⽤具；⼯具；器具 so long as 只要 casual adj. 随便的；漫不经⼼的；偶然的 an so on 等等 motor n. 发动机 can n. 容器；罐头circumstance n. 环境；情况 microwave n. 微波炉；微波 refresh vt. 使恢复；使振动 educator n. 教育⼯作者；教育家contribution n. 贡献△imperative n. 祈使语⽓；命令△heading n. 标题△slogan n. 标语；⼝号 presentation n. 显⽰；演出nuclear adj. 核的；核能的；原⼦核的 disagreement n. 分歧；不⼀致Unit 5diagram n. 图解；图表；⽰意图 volcano n. ⽕⼭△volcanic adj. ⽕⼭的△volcanology n. ⽕⼭学△volcanologist n. ⽕⼭学家erupt vi. （指⽕⼭）爆发；突然发⽣ eruption n. ⽕⼭爆发；（战争等）爆发 ash n. 灰；灰末△crater n. ⽕⼭⼝；弹坑△lava n. (⽕⼭喷出的)熔岩；⽕⼭岩 hurricane n. 飓风；风暴 questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表 alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边 prep.在……旁边；沿着……的边 equipment n. 设备；装备 appoint vt. 任命；委派△observatory n. 观象台；天⽂台；⽓象台database n. 数据库；资料库△Mount Kilauea 基拉韦厄⽕⼭ evaluate vt. 评估；评价；估计 burn to the ground 全部焚毁 wave n. 波浪；波涛 vi. 波动；起伏；挥⼿△molten adj. 熔化的；熔融的 fountain vi. & vt. 泉⽔般地喷出或涌出 n. 喷泉；源泉absolute adj. 绝对的；完全的 absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地△spaceman n. 宇航员；航天专家 suit n. ⼀套外⾐；套装 vt. 适合；使适宜 helmet n. 头盔 boot n. 靴⼦ make one’s way 前往 potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能 adj. 可能的；潜在的 actual adj. 实在的；实际的△geology n. 地质学△Mount Etna 埃特纳⽕⼭（意⼤利西西⾥岛东北部）△Sicily 西西⾥岛（意⼤利南部）△sample n. 样品；样本 candidate n. 候选⼈；候补者△Mount Vesuvius 维苏威⽕⼭△threat n. 恐吓；威胁 bungalow n.平房；⼩屋△Pompeii 庞培（意⼤利古都）△tornado n. 龙卷风；旋风 typhoon n. 台风 thunderstorm n. 雷暴 precious adj. 贵重的；珍贵的 novelist n. ⼩说家 fog n. 雾 document n. ⽂件；证件 rainbow n. 彩虹 uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的；不舒适的balcony n. 阳台 unconscious adj. 失去知觉的；未察觉的 shoot （shot, shot） vt. 射中；射伤 shot n. 射击；枪炮声 tremble vi.摇晃；摇动；颤抖 sweat n. 汗 vi. 出汗 anxious adj. 忧虑的；不安的 anxiety n. 担⼼；焦虑；渴望 panic (panicked, panicked) vi. & vt. 惊慌 n. 惊慌；恐慌△tsunami n. 海啸；地震海啸 glance through 匆匆看⼀遍△Manchu adj. 满族的 n. 满⼈ vary from…to… 由……到……不等 diverse adj. 多种多样的；不同的△diversity n. 多种多样；多样性△crane n. 鹤；吊车；起重机△leopard n. 豹△spectacular adj. 引⼈⼊胜的；壮观的 bathe vi. 洗澡；游泳△arouse vt. 激发；唤醒某⼈ appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；感谢△peak n. ⼭顶；顶峰△persuasion n. 信服；说服 guarantee vt. 保证；担保。

人教版英语选修六第三单元课文翻译原文

人教版英语选修6第三单元课文原文及翻译Unit 3 A healthy life 第三单元健康生活ReadingADVICE FROM GRANDADDear James,It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. It's my birthday in two weeks time and I'll be 82 years old! I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop. You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.By the way, did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways? First, you can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms. I remember feeling bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain. Secondly, you become addicted through habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. But I did finally manage.When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects of smoking. I didn't know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. I certainly didn't know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way. Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers. However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. She said my breath and clothes smelt, and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow. She told me that she wouldn't go out with me again unless I stopped! I also noticed that I became breathless quickly, and that I wasn't enjoying sport as much. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet. It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.Love fromGrandadHow can you stop smoking?It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you. Here are a few suggestions.Prapare youself. Decide on a day to quit. Don’t choose a day that you know is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam. Make a list of all the benefits you will get from stopping smoking. Then throw away your last packet of cigarettes.Be determined. Every time you fell like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. Reread the list of benefits you wrote earlier.Break the habit. Instead of smoking a cigarette, do something else. Go for a walk, clean your teeth, frink some water, clean the house; in fact, do anything to keep ypur mind and especially your hands busy.Relax. If you start to feel nervous or stressed, do not raech for a cigarette. Try some deep breathing instead. Do some relaxationg exercises every time you feel stressed.Get help if you need it. Arrange to stop smoking with a friend so you can talk about your problems,or join a stop-smoking group. If you feel desperate , you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about something to help you, like nicotine chewing gum.Keep trying. Don’t be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking. If you weaken and have a cigarette,do not feel ashamed. Just try again. You will succeed finally.爷爷的忠告亲爱的詹姆士：今天，这儿天气晴朗。

人教版选修6核心单词及其用法汇总

【常用结构】break one’s faith with sb. 对某人不守信用keep faith with sb. 守信于某人lose faith in 不再信任have faith in 相信; 信任in good/bad faith 真心诚意/虚情假意After repeated failure, he lost faith in himself. 不断的失败之后，他对自己失去了信心。

Faith can remove mountains. 信仰能移山。

Never break faith, or you will lose all your friends. 不要背信弃义，否则你将失去所有的朋友。

【常用结构】take aim (at) 瞄准……aim at 向……瞄准；旨在，针对aim high 胸怀大志;心气很高What is your aim in life? 你生活的目标是什么?He aimed the gun at the enemy officer. 他用枪瞄准了敌人的军官。

Our factory must aim at developing new models of machines. 我们的工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。

Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently he knows very little about it.福斯特先生从未去过中国，所以对中国了解得很少。

【联想拓展】be consequent on/upon 因……引起的；consequence n. 后果；结果；重要性be of consequence 重要的as a consequence=as a result 结果in consequence 由于as a consequence of=as a result of 作为……的结果in consequence of 由于；作为……的结果He is a man of great consequence. 他是一个重要的人物。

高中化学选修6教案

高中化学选修6教案课题：有机化合物的结构与性质教学目标：1. 了解有机化合物的基本结构与分类；2. 掌握有机化合物的一些常见性质，如溶解性、燃烧、氧化等；3. 能够根据有机化合物的结构推测其性质。

教学内容：1. 有机化合物的基本结构；2. 有机化合物的分类；3. 有机化合物的性质。

教学步骤：第一步：导入（5分钟）老师通过提问的方式引出本节课的话题，让学生思考有机化合物在日常生活中的应用和重要性。

第二步：讲解有机化合物的基本结构（10分钟）通过幻灯片介绍有机化合物的基本结构，引导学生了解有机分子的碳骨架、官能团等概念，并与无机化合物进行比较。

第三步：学习有机化合物的分类（15分钟）介绍有机化合物的分类方法，包括按碳骨架、官能团等分类法，以及常见的烃类、醇类、醛酮类等有机化合物的分类。

通过实例让学生了解各类有机化合物的特点。

第四步：探究有机化合物的性质（20分钟）展示几种有机化合物的性质实验，如醇的溶解性实验、燃烧实验等，让学生通过实验了解不同有机化合物的性质。

引导学生探究有机分子的结构与性质之间的关系。

第五步：讨论（10分钟）引导学生讨论有机化合物的结构与性质之间的关系，总结本节课的重点知识，并提出问题引导学生深入思考。

第六步：作业布置（5分钟）布置相关的练习题，让学生巩固所学知识，并提出研究性问题，激发学生的兴趣。

教学反思：通过本节课教学，学生能够初步了解有机化合物的基本结构与分类方法，掌握一些常见有机化合物的性质，并能够根据有机化合物的结构推测其性质。

在教学过程中，我注重引导学生主动探究，激发他们的学习兴趣，帮助他们建立对有机化合物的理解与认识。

在今后的教学中，我将继续注重让学生参与其中，培养他们的实验操作能力和创新思维。

高中英语外研社版选修六

高中英语外研社版选修六篇一：外研版高中英语选修6重点短语(精校版)高中英语选修六重点（老师打字很辛苦，努力背哦！）Module1 6. hold out伸出，维持，坚持 hold back阻挡1. be serious about 认真对待 hold on （电话）等一会，别挂断 hold up 举起 be nervous about 对…紧张焦虑7 long for sth 渴望得到某物be cautious about 对…小心 9. turn away 走开 turn to sb 向某人求助2. lack(v) sth =be laching ina lack(n) of sth 11. keep/ have one’s eye on 注视，盯着看3. in advance 提前 keep an eye on 留意4. think of想起 think highly of sb 高度评价 12. fix on注视，凝视13. cast about 搜索/寻找5. look away from 把目光从…移开 14. be laden with 充溢着（某种味道）15. look around for 四处寻找6. A is good, in addition, B is good. 16. marry sb 娶/嫁某人= In addition to A, B is good.get married to sb 和某人结婚（表动作）7. apply for 申请apply…to … 把…应用于… be married to sb 和某人已婚（表状态）8. do sb a favour = do a favour for sb 帮某人一个忙 17. appeal to sb 吸引某人in favour of 支持/赞同 /请求某人做某事9. a reply to… 对…的回复 reply to sb.=answer sb.回复18.be associated with 与…有联系11. be absent from 缺席19. be restricted to… 限于12. as a consequence 因此/结果 20. in possession ofsth拥有…13. apologize to sb for sth/doing 因…道歉 in the possession of sb为某人所有= make an apology to sb for sth/doing 21. ahead of… 在…前面 ahead of time 提前14. be aware of… 知道…应该做15.take the lead 带头/领先 24. catch a glimpse of 瞥见lead to 导致 lead-led-led 25. by hand用手，用手工16.show off 炫耀17. go through 经历/经受（困难等） 26. set out出发set up 建立 set off for 出发去…18. they have sth in mon 他们有一些共同点 27. sth be invisible to sb某物某人来说是看不见的19.leave out 删去/省去20. cheer sb up 使某人振作 28.强调句：It is +被强调部分+ that/who…语法：1.didn’t need to do 不需要做 29. be responsible for 对…负责needn’t have done 本来不需要做却做了语法： v-ing 作状语(时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、2. 情态动词+ have done 有两种意义：结果) 介词+ v-ing 作状语表过去推测must/ might/ can’t have done 例：Turning to right, you will see the hospital.（条件）一定/可能/不可能已经做了 Module 3表后悔shouldn’t have done 本不该做 1. get close to 靠近 chat with sb 与…聊天Module 2 2. burst out doing=burst into sth. 突然发生，突然…起来1. play an important part in 在…中起重要作用 eg. burst out crying= burst into tears 突然哭起来2. hesitate to do sth 犹豫做… burst out laughing= burst into laughter 突然笑起来 hesitate about/ over sth 对于做…犹豫 burst out singing= burst into song 突然唱起来 without hesitation 毫不迟疑3. knock over 撞死/撞伤knock at/ down/ into3. in the direction of 朝…方向4. lose interest in 对……失去兴趣under the direction of sb在某人的指导下have an interest in对……有兴趣4. put down 放下，写下;镇压 put up 张贴 6. turn round = turn around 转身put aside保留；put away收好put off推迟，推延turn to sb求助于 turn out结果是,证明是5. I doubt if/ whether 怀疑是否… 7. a large/small amount of + UN+ is… 大/小量的….large/small amounts of + UN+ are…there is no doubt that… 毫无疑问18. raise money 筹钱 raise筹措；抚养，种植；提高 12. draw upon / on利用，凭借，依赖9. count...as 把……当作 count on 指望,依靠 13. present sb. with sth = present sth. to sb 向…颁发 .10. on the phone 在通电话 at present 目前15. on the one hand…, on the other hand… 11. quarrel with sb over/ about sth 与某人争吵某事12. make up 和好，和解，编造，虚构，组成一方面…, 另一方面……13. regret doing sth 后悔做了某事16. be connectedto/with与…有关联regret to do... 很遗憾地要做某事 17. Oh, e on 得了吧，算了吧14. keep/stay in touch with与…….保持联系I can’t stand sth 我无法忍受某事be in touch with 与…….有联系18. in one’s twenties 在某人二十几岁时be out of touch with与…….失去/无联系19. “一??就?? ” 的表达get in touch with 与……取得联系①themoment/minute/second/instant +that …lose touch with与……失去联系②no sooner had I done… than I did....=hardly/scarcely had I done… when. I did.... 15. Don't mention it. (别人道谢时回答)不客气16. be ashamed of对……感到惭愧③immediately/instantly/directly +句子17. be on good terms with sb 与某人关系很好④ on doingin terms of 按照…..,依据…… 20. take sth seriously 重视，认真对待19. be blessed with 享有……的福气语法：现在完成进行时： have/ has been doing20. in return 作为报答，作为交换 +for 表示动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直不间断地持续21. be allergic to 对…过敏到现在，而且还有可能继续持续下去。

高中英语选修六的知识点总结

高中英语选修六的知识点总结高中英语选修六的知识1Ⅰ. 常考单词必背1.faith n.信任;信心;信念;信仰Faith can move mountains. 精诚所至，金石为开。

[快速闪记](1) （同义词）：faith，belief，confidence，trust(2) lose faith in 对……失去信心put ones faith in 绝对相信break/keep faith with sb 对某人不守信用(守信用);对某人不忠实(忠实)in good faith 真诚地;诚意地(3)faithful adj.忠实的;忠诚的;尽职的;可靠的faithfully adv. 忠实地;如实地;诚心诚意地;深信着地2.typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的Could you please show a typical example? 你能举出一个典型的例子来吗?3.attempt vt. 企图;试图;尝试n.[C] [U] 尝试;努力They are attempting the steepest part of the mountain. 他们努力攀登这座山的最陡的部分。

[快速闪记](1)attempt to do/doing... 试图做……attempt at sth 试图做某事(2)make an attempt to do/at (doing) sth 试图做某事in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事at ones first attempt 某人第一次尝试(3)attempted adj. 未遂的;未成功的4.predict vt. 预言;预告;预料;预计Middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. 中年人可以更加精确地预测他们的未来。

(完整版)人教版高中英语选修6各单元课文原文

选修6 Unit 1 Art-ReadingA SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGArt is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.The Renaissance (15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angr about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.Modern Art (20th century to today)At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call "modem art". This is because t he Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modem art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?THE BEST OF MANHATTAN’S ART GALLERIESThe Frick Collection (5th Avenue and E.70th Street)Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York. Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people. Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection. You can also explore Frick's beautiful home and garden which are well worth a Visit.Guggenheim Museum(5th Avenue and 88th Street)This museum owns 5,000 superb modern paintings, sculptures and drawings. These art works are not all displayed at the same time. The exhibition is always changing. It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings. The Guggenheim Museum building is also world-famous. When you walk into gallery, you feel as if youwere inside a fragile, white seashell. The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom. There are no stairs just a circular path. Themuseum also has an excellent restaurant.Metropolitan Museum of Art (5th Avenue and 82nd Street)The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection. This covers more than 5,000 years of civilization from many parts of the world, including America, Europe, China, Egypt, other African countries and South America. The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art. It introduces you to ancient ways of living. You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant Ming garden, a typical room in an 18th century French house and many other special exhibitions.Museum of Modern Art (53rd Street, between 5th and 6th Avenues)It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century tothe 21st century are housed in the same museum. The collection of Western art includes paintings by such famous artists as Monet, Van Gogh, Picasso and Matisse. A few words of warning: the admission price is not cheap and the museum is often very crowded.Whitney Museum of American Art (945 Madison Avenue, near 75th Street)The Whitney holds an excellent collection of contemporary American painting and sculpture. There are no permanent displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time. Every two years, the Whitney holds a special exhibition of new art by living artists. The museum also shows videos and films by contemporary video artists.选修6 Unit 2 Poems-ReadingA FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMSThere are various reasons why people write poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression. Otherstry to convey certain emotions. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. In this text, however, we will look at a few of the simpler forms.Some of the first poetry a young child learns in English is nursery rhymes. These rhymes like the one on the right (A) are still a common type of children's poetry. The language is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.A Hush, little baby, don't say a word, Papa's going to buy you a mockingbird. Ifthat mockingbird won't sing, Papa's going to buy you a diamond ring. If that diamond ring turns to brass, Papa's going to buy you a looking-glass. If that looking-glass gets broke, Papa's going to buy you a billy-goat. If that billy-goat runs away, Papa's going to buy you another today.One of the simplest kinds of poems are those like B and C that list things. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C).B I saw a fish-portal all on fireI saw a fish-pond all on fire,I saw a house bow to a squire,I saw a person twelve-feet high,I saw a cottage in the sky,I saw a balloon made of lead,I saw a coffin drop down dead,I saw two sparrows run a race,I saw two horses making lace,I saw g girl just like a cat,I saw a kitten wear a hat,I saw a man who saw these too,And said though strange they all were true.C Our first football matchWe would have won ...if Jack had scored that goal,if we'd had just a few more minutes,if we had trained harder,if Ben had passed the ball to Joe,if we'd had thousands of fans screaming,if I hadn't taken my eye off the ball,if we hadn't stayed up so late the night before,if we hadn't taken it easy,if we hadn't run out of energy.We would have won ...if we'd been better!Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines. With these, students can convey a strong picture in just a few words. Look at the examples (D and E) on the top of the next page.D Brother Beautiful, athletic Teasing, shouting, laughing Friend and enemy too MineE Summer Sleepy, salty Drying, drooping, dreading Week in, week out EndlessF A fallen blossom Is coming back to the branch. Look, a butterfly!( by Moritake)G Snow having melted, The whole village is brimful Of happy children.(by Issa)Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is made up of 17 syllables. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers. It is easyto write and, like the cinquain , can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using the minimum of words. The two haiku poems (F and G) above are translations from the Japanese.H Where she awaits her husband On and on the river flows. Never looking back,Transformed into stone.Day by day upon the mountain top,wind and rain revolve.Should the traveller return,this stone would utter speech.,(by Wang Jian)Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry - Tang poems from China in particular? A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English. This Tang poem (H) is a translation from the Chinese.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own. It is easier than you might think and certainly worth a try!I'VE SAVED THE SUMMERI've saved the summerAnd I give it all to youTo hold on winter morningsWhen the snow is new.I've saved some sunlightIf you should ever needA place away from darknessWhere your mind can feed.And for myself I've kept your smileWhen you were but nineteen,Till you're older you'll not knowWhat brave young smiles can mean.I know no answersTo help you on your wayThe answers lie somewhereAt the bottom of the day.But if you've a need for loveI'll give you all l ownIt might help you down the roadTill you've found your own.(by Rod McKuen)选修6 Unit 3 A healthy life-ReadingADVICE FROM GRANDADDear James,It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. It's my birthday in two weeks time and I'll be 82 years old! I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop. You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. By the way, did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways? First, you can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. So when the drug leaves your body, you get withdrawal symptoms. I remember feeling bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain. Secondly, you become addicted through habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. But I did finally manage.When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects of smoking. I didn't know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. I certainly didn't know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way. Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers. However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. She said mybreath and clothes smelt, and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow. She told me that she wouldn't go out with me again unless I stopped! I also noticed that I became breathless quickly, and that I wasn't enjoying sport as much. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet. It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.Love fromGrandadReading and discussingBefore you read the poster below, discuss what you know about HIV/AIDS with your classmates. Make a list of words that you might come across in this poster.HIV/AIDS:ARE YOU AT RISK?HIV is a virus. A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease. There are many different viruses, for example, the flu virus or the SARS virus. HIV weakens a person's immune system; that is, the part of the body that fights disease. You can have HIV in your blood for a long time, but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so much that you body can no longer fight disease. This stage of the illness is called AIDS. If you develop AIDS, your chances of survival are very small.HIV is spread through blood or the fluid that the body makes during sex. For a person to become infected, blood or sexual fluid that carries the virus, has to get inside the body through broken skin or by injection. One day scientists will find a cure for HIV/AIDS.Until that happens, you need to protect yourself. Here are some things you can do to make sure you stay safe.If you inject drugs:do not share your needle with anyone else. Blood from another person can stay on or in the needle. If a person has HIV and you use the same needle, you could inject the virus into your own blood.do not share anything else that a person has used while injecting drugs.Blood could have spilt on it.If you have sex with a male or a female:use a condom. This will prevent sexual fluid passing from one person to another.The following statements are NOT true.A person cannot get HIV the first time they have sex.WRONG. If one sexual partner has HIV, the other partner could become infected.You can tell by looking at someone whether or not they have HIV.WRONG. Many people carrying HIV look perfectly healthy. It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.Only homosexuals get AIDS.WRONG. Anyone who has sex with a person infected with H1V/AIDS risks getting the virus. Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men.If you hug, touch or kiss someone with AIDS or visit them in their home, you will get HIV/AIDS.WRONG.You can only get the disease from blood or sexual fluid.Unfortunately, people with HIV sometimes lose their friends because of prejudice.Many people are afraid that they will get HIV/AIDS from those infected with HIV!AIDS. For the same reason, some AIDS patients cannot find anyone to look after them when they are sick.You can get HIV/AIDS from mosquitoes.WRONG. There is no evidence of this.选修6 Unit 4 Global warming-ReadingTHE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMER-BUT DOES IT MATTER?During the 20th century the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit. That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. S o how has this come about and does it matter? Earth Care’s Sophie Armstrong explores these questions.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activitythat has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. Some byproducts of this process a re called "greenhouse" gases, t he most important one of which is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: "There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the 'greenhouse effect'. This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth. Without the 'greenhouse effect', the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into theatmosphere. I t means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up."We know that the levels of carbon dioxide have increased greatly over the last 100 to 150 years. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. He found that between these years the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million(see Graph 2).All scientists accept this data. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossilfuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. So how high will the temperature increase go? Dr Janice Foster says that over the next 100 years the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1.5 degrees Celsius, but it could be as high as 5 degrees.However, the attitude of scientists towards this rise is completely different. On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that the trend which increases t he temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe. She says, "We can't predict the climate well enough to know what to expect, but it could be very serious." Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level, or predict severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases a nd the disappearance o f species. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences. In fact, Hambley states, "More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing. It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals - all of which will make life for human beings better."Greenhouse g ases continue to build up in the atmosphere. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse g ases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades o r centuries. No one knows the effects of global warming. Does that mean we should do nothing? Or, are the risks too great?WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING?Dear Earth Care,I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming. Sometimes I feel that individuals can have little effect on such huge environmental problems. However, 1 still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today. As I'm not sure where to start with my project, I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.Thank you!Ouyang GuangDear Ouyang Guang,There are many people who have a commitment like yours, but they do not believe they have the power to do anything to improve our environment. That is not true. Together, individuals can make a difference. We do not have to put up with pollution. The growth of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide in the air actually comes as a result of many things we do every day. Here are a few suggestions on how to reduce it. They should get you started with your project.1 We use a lot of energy in our houses. It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it - if not, turn it off! Do not be casual about this. So if you are not using the lights, the TV, the computer, and so on, turn them off. If you are cold, put on more clothes instead of turning up the heat.2 Motor vehicles use a lot of energy- so walk or ride a bike if you can.3 Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to. It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials, so, if you can, buy things made from recycled materials.4 Get your parents to buy things that are economical with energy - this includes cars as well as smaller things like fridges and microwaves.5 Plant trees in your garden or your school yard, as they absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh your spirit when you look at them.6 Finally and most importantly, be an educator. Talk with your family and friends about global warming and tell them what you have learned.Remember - your contribution counts!Earth Care选修6 Unit 5 The power of nature-ReadingAN EXCITING JOBI have the greatest job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes inan office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored.Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth - the volcano.I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago. My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. Our work has saved many lives because people in the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses. Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine. This is because n o one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the rocks fall. The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock. However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one. It was in the second week after I arrived in Hawaii. Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early. I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. I ran out of the house into the back garden where I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance. There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air. It was an absolutely fantastic sight.The day after this eruption I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it. Two other scientists and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the crater that had been formed during the eruption. Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before we went any closer. All three of us looked like spacemen.We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves. It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.Today, I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started. Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.THE LRKE OF HERVENChangbaishan i s in Jilin Province, Northeast China.Much of this beautiful, mountainous area is thick forest . Changbaishan is China's largest nature reserve and it is kept in its natural state for the people of China and visitors from all over the worldto enjoy. The height of the land varies from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. Among the rare animals are cranes, black bears, leopards and tigers. Many people come to Changbaishan t o study its unique plants and animals. Others come to walk in the mountains, to see the spectacular waterfalls or to bathe in the hot water pools. However, the attraction that arouses the greatest appreciation in the reserve is Tianchi or the Lake of Heaven.Tianchi is a deep lake that has formed in the crater of a dead volcano on top of the mountain. The lake is 2,194 metres above sea level, and more than 200 metres deep. In winter the surface freezes over. It takes about an hour to climb from the endof the road to the top of the mountain. When you arrive you are rewarded not onlywith the sight of its clear waters, but also by the view of the other sixteen mountain peaks that surround Tianchi.There are many stories told about Tianchi. The most well-known concerns three young women from heaven. They were bathing in Tainchi when a bird flew above them and dropped a small fruit onto the dress of the youngest girl. When she pickedup the fruit to smell it, it flew into her mouth.Having swallowed the fruit, the girl became pregnant and later gave birth to a handsome boy. It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, don't forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.。

高中英语选修六单词表完整版

高中英语选修六单词表完整版Unit 1: Artappreciate: vt. 欣赏，赏识masterpiece: n. 杰作，名著gallery: n. 画廊，美术馆sculpture: n. 雕塑，雕塑品abstract: adj. 抽象的，抽象派的Unit 2: Poemsrhythm: n. 韵律，节奏metaphor: n. 隐喻，暗喻imagery: n. 描述，意象verse: n. 诗，诗句rhyme: n. 押韵，韵脚Unit 3: Musicmelody: n. 旋律，曲调harmony: n. 和声，和弦symphony: n. 交响乐conductor: n. 指挥orchestra: n. 管弦乐队Unit 4: Newspapers and Magazineseditorial: n. 社论，评论column: n. 专栏journalist: n. 新闻工作者，记者headline: n. 大，新闻circulation: n. 发行量，传播Unit 5: Films and TV Programmesscript: n. 剧本，脚本episode: n. （电视剧）集，一集director: n. 导演actor: n. 演员actress: n. 女演员Unit 6: Novelsplot: n. 情节character: n. 角色，人物setting: n. 背景，环境theme: n. 主题，题目genre: n. 类型，流派请同学们在学习过程中，不仅要记忆这些单词，还要学会如何在实际语境中运用它们。

通过不断积累和练习，相信大家的英语词汇量和语言运用能力都会得到显著提升。

Unit 7: Theatredrama: n. 戏剧，戏剧艺术stage: n. 舞台，阶段costume: n. 服装，戏装props: n. 道具scenery: n. 布景，风景Unit 8: Adsadvertisement: n. 广告promote: vt. 促进，提升brand: n. 品牌，类型target: vt. 瞄准，针对consumer: n. 消费者，顾客Unit 9: Culturetradition: n. 传统，惯例custom: n. 习俗，习惯heritage: n. 遗产，传统diversity: n. 多样性，差异 identity: n. 身份，特性Unit 10: Historyancient: adj. 古代的，古老的 medieval: adj. 中世纪的modern: adj. 现代的，近代的 era: n. 时代，年代civilization: n. 文明，文化Unit 11: Architecturestructure: n. 结构，构造design: n. 设计，构思foundation: n. 基础，地基arch: n. 拱门，拱形结构dome: n. 圆顶，圆屋顶Unit 12: Literatureprose: n. 散文poetry: n. 诗歌novel: n. 小说essay: n. 论文，散文fable: n. 寓言，神话联想记忆：尝试将单词与熟悉的事物或场景相联系，形成记忆链条。

(完整版)高中英语选修6单词表

Unit 1△realistic adj. 现实主义的;逼真的; 现实的abstract adj. 抽象的;深奥的n. 摘要sculpture n. 雕塑△sculptor n. 雕刻家;雕塑家gallery n. 美术陈列室;画廊faith n. 信任;信心;信念faithfully adv. 忠实地△consequently adv. 所以;因而aim n. 目标;目的vi. & vt. 瞄准;(向某方向)努力conventional adj. 常规的;传统的; 因循守旧的typical adj. 典型的;有代表性的evident adj. 明显的;明白的△Giotto di Bondone 乔托(意大利画家、雕刻家、建筑师) △renaissance n. 新生;复兴;复活△the Renaissance 文艺复兴(时期)adopt vt. 采用;采纳;收养△humanistic adj. 人道主义的possess vt. 拥有;具有;支配possession n. (尤作复数)所有; 财产superb adj. 卓越的;杰出的; 极好的△perspective n. 透视画法;透视图; 观点technique n. 技术;方法;技能△Masaccio 马萨乔(意大利画家)coincidence n. 巧合(的事);(事情、口味、故事等)相合by coincidence 巧合地△masterpiece n. 杰作;名著△impressionism n. 印象主义; 印象派△impressionist adj. 印象派的n. 印象派艺术家△post-impressionist adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家a great deal 大量shadow n. 阴影;影子ridiculous adj. 荒谬的;可笑的controversial adj. 争论的;争议的attempt n. 努力;尝试;企图vt. 尝试;企图on the other hand (可是)另一方面predict vt. 预言;预告;预测△landscape n. 风景;景色specific adj. 确切的;特定的figure n. 画像;身材;数字clay n. 黏土△critic n. 评论家;批评者△bronze n. 青铜;青铜色; 青铜制艺术品marble n. 大理石△Mona Lisa 蒙娜·丽莎(达·芬奇所作的一幅著名肖像画)△Leonardo da Vinci 列奥纳多·达·芬奇(意大利著名画家)carve vt. 雕刻;刻记delicate adj. 脆弱的;容易生病的; 精致的△Michelangelo 米开朗基罗(意大利文艺复兴雕刻家、画家、建筑师和诗人) △canvas n. 帆布;画布△Picasso 毕加索(西班牙画家)cafén. 咖啡馆;小餐馆allergic adj. 过敏性的;对……过敏的△effectively adv. 有效地exhibition n. 展览;陈列;展览会aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的;侵略的; 好斗的scholar n. 学者flesh n. 肉;肌肉;肉体in the flesh 活着的;本人△Matisse 马蒂斯(法国画家)geometry n. 几何学bunch n. 束;串△Manhattan n. 曼哈顿岛;曼哈顿区(纽约市中心)avenue n. 林荫道;道路;大街preference n. 喜爱;偏爱△Guggenheim Museum 古根海姆博物馆△display vt. 展示;陈列;显露appeal vi. 有感染力;呼吁;求助vt. 将……上诉n. 呼吁;恳求appeal to (对某人)有吸引力; (使某人)感兴趣fragile adj. 精细的;易碎的;脆弱的△circular adj. 圆形的;环形的; 循环的△metropolitan adj. 主要都市的; 大城市的reputation n. 名声;名誉civilization n. 文明;文化; 文明社会Egypt n. 埃及(东北非国家)Egyptian adj. 埃及的;埃及人的visual adj. 视觉的;看得见的fragrant adj. 香的;令人愉快的△Monet 莫奈(法国画家)△Whitney 惠特尼△Madison n. 麦迪逊contemporary adj. 当代的; 同时代的permanent adj. 永久的;持久的district n. 区;区域;行政区committee n. 委员会signature n. 署名;签字Unit 2△poetry n. 诗(总称);诗意tick vt. 给……标记号rhyme n. 韵;押韵;押韵的词vi. & vt. (使)押韵convey vt. 传达;运送△emotion n. 情感;情结;感情nursery n. 托儿所nursery rhyme 童谣concrete adj. 具体的△repetition n. 重复;反复;循环contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的; 好反驳的△hush vi. &vt. (使某人)安静下来△mockingbird n. 嘲鸫(一种鸟，能模仿其他鸟的叫声) diamond n. 钻石;菱形△brass n. 黄铜;黄铜器△billy-goat n. 公山羊flexible adj. 灵活的;可弯曲的; 柔顺的pattern n. 模式;式样;图案△squire n. 乡绅cottage n. 村舍;小屋△coffin n. 棺材sparrow n. 麻雀△kitten n. 小猫tke it easy 轻松;不紧张;从容run out of 用完△cinquain n. 五行诗be made up of 由……构成tease vi. & vt. 取笑;招惹;戏弄salty adj. 含盐的;咸的△droop vi. 低垂;凋萎;萎靡△dread vi. & vt. 害怕;畏惧endless adj. 无穷的;无止境的△haiku n. 俳句△syllable n. 音节minimum n. 最低限度;最少量最小数translation n. 翻译;译文branch n. 枝条;支流;部门△melt (melted; melted, molten) vi. 融化;溶化;软化△brimful adj. 盈满的;满到边际的in particular 尤其;特别eventually adv. 最后;终于△await vt. 等候;期待transform vi. & vt. 转化;转换;改造变换△revolve vi. & vt. (使)旋转△utter vt. 说;讲;发出(声音)sorrow n. 悲伤;悲痛;懊悔bare adj. 赤裸的;光秃的;稀少的n. 最基本的要素librarian n. 图书馆馆长; 图书馆管理员forever adv. 永远△stem n. 茎;干△cement n. 水泥section n. 部分;节;切下的块appropriate adj. 适当的;正当的exchange n. 交换;交流;互换vt. & vi. 调换;交换diploma n. 毕业文凭;学位证书sponsor n. 赞助人;主办者;倡议者vt. 发起;举办;倡议blank n. 空白adj. 空白的;茫然的compass n. 指南针;罗盘; (复数)圆规bride n. 新娘bridegroom n. 新郎championship n. 冠军称号△rhythmic adj. 有节奏的;有规律的darkness n. 黑暗;漆黑warmth n. 暖和;温暖try out 测试;试验scholarship n. 奖学金;学问; 学术成就pianist n. 钢琴家;钢琴演奏者violinist n. 小提琴演奏者let out 发出;放走load n. 负担;负荷物(尤指沉重的)Unit 3cigarette n. 香烟;纸烟alcohol n. 酒;酒精alcoholic adj. 酒精的abuse n. & vt. 滥用;虐待△fitness n. 健康△sexual adj. 性的;性别的stress n. 压力;重音vt. 加压力于;使紧张△stressful adj. 产生压力的; 紧张的△obesity n. (过度)肥胖; 肥胖症adolescent n. 青少年adj. 青春期的adolescence n. 青春期ban vt. 禁止;取缔n. 禁令;谴责due adj. 欠款的;预定的;到期的due to 由于……tough adj. 困难的;强硬的addicted adj. 入了迷的;上了瘾的addicted to 对……有瘾△nicotine n. 尼古丁accustom vt. 使习惯于accustomed adj. 惯常的; 习惯了的accustomed to 习惯于……withdrawal n. 收回;撤退;戒毒(或脱瘾)过程△bad-tempered adj. 脾气暴躁的;易怒的automatic adj. 无意识的;自动的automatically adv. 无意识地; 自动地mental adj. 精神的;智力的mentally adv. 精神上;智力上quit vt. 停止(做某事);离开effect n. 结果;效力lung n. 肺pregnant adj. 怀孕的abnormal adj. 畸形的;异常的breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的;屏息的unfit adj. 不健康的;不合适的;不合格的strengthen vt. 加强;巩固;使坚强vi. 变强△resolve n. 决心;决定decide on 对……作出决定packet n. 小包;小盒feel like (doing) 想要(做)……△relaxation n. 放松，松弛desperate adj. 绝望的，拼命的chemist n. 药剂师;化学家△gum n. 树胶△chewing gum 口香糖disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的△weaken vi. (对某事的决心)动摇;减弱vt. (使)变弱ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的comprehension n. 理解(力)in spite of 不顾;不管take risks (a risk) 冒险get into 陷入;染上(坏习惯)etc (et cetera) adv. 诸如此类的事物; 等等appendix (复数-dixes, -dices) n附录;附件illegal adj. 不合法的;违法的pill n. 药丸;药片△robbery n. 抢劫;盗窃△slippery adj. 滑的△HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)人体免疫缺损病毒(艾滋病病毒)△AIDS(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)艾滋病(后天免疫缺损综合症)at risk 处境危险;遭受危险△SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) 非典型性肺炎△immune adj. 有免疫力的survival n. 幸存;幸存者sex n. 性;性别△fluid n. 液体;流体△inject vt. 注射△injection n. 注射;注射剂needle n. 针;(注射器的)针头△spill (spilt, spilt) vi. 溢出;酒落vt. 使溢出;使酒落male adj. 男性的;雄性的n. 男人;雄性动(植)物female adj. 女性的;雌性的n. 雌性的动(植)物;女人△condom n. 避孕套△homosexual n. 同性恋adj. 同性恋的prejudice n. 偏见;成见judgement n. 看法;判决;判断△disco n. 迪斯科舞会;迪斯科舞厅abortion n. 流产;中途失败cigar n. 雪茄烟embarrassed adj. 尴尬的;陷入困境的awkward adj. 局促不安的;笨拙的Unit 4consume vt. 消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完△renewable adj. 能再生的;可更新的△greenhouse n. 温室;花房△Fahrenheit adj. 华氏的n. 华氏温度计come about 发生;造成△Sophie 索菲(女名)△Armstrong 阿姆斯特朗(姓)graph n. 图表;坐标图;曲线图random adj. 胡乱的;任意的phenomenon (复数-ena) n. 现象subscribe vi. 同意;捐赠;订阅vt. (签署)文件;捐助subscribe to 同意;赞成;订购△fossil n. 化石;从地下采掘出来的(矿物)fuel n. 燃料△byproduct n. 副产品△Janice 贾尼丝(女名)△Foster 福斯特(姓或男名)△methane n. 甲烷;沼气△Celsius adj. (温度)摄氏的quantity n. 量;数量quantities of 大量的tend vi. 趋向;易于;照顾vt. 照顾;护理go up 上升;增长;升起△Charles Keeling 查尔斯·基林△measurement n. 衡量;测量;尺寸per prep. 每;每一data n. 资料;数据result in 导致trend n. 趋势;倾向;走向catastrophe n. 大灾难;浩劫flood n. 洪水;水灾△drought n. 旱灾;干旱△famine n. 饱荒△George Hambley 乔治·汗布利oppose vt. 反对;反抗;与(某人)较量opposed adj. 反对的;对立的be opposed to 反对……mild adj. 温和的;温柔的;淡的△environmental adj. 环境的△environmentalist n. 环境保护论者consequence n. 结果;后果;影响state vt. 陈述;说明range n. 种类;范围even if 即使keep on 继续glance vi. 看一下;扫视n. 一瞥steady adj. 平稳的;持续的;稳固的steadily adv. 平稳地;持续地tendency n. 倾向;趋势widespread adj. 分布广的;普遍的on the whold 大体上;基本上△economical adj. 节约的;经济的△hectare n. 公顷average adj. 平均的existence n. 生存;存在outer adj. 外部的;外面的on behalf of 代表……一方; 作为……的代言人△individual n. 个人;个体adj. 单独的;个别的advocate vt. 拥护;提倡;主张commitment n. 承诺;交托;信奉put up with 忍受;容忍pollution n. 污染;弄脏growth n. 增长;生长electrical adj. 电的;与电有关的△appliance n. 用具;工具;器具so long as 只要casual adj. 随便的;漫不经心的;偶然的an so on 等等motor n. 发动机can n. 容器;罐头circumstance n. 环境;情况microwave n. 微波炉;微波refresh vt. 使恢复;使振动educator n. 教育工作者;教育家contribution n. 贡献△imperative n. 祈使语气;命令△heading n. 标题△slogan n. 标语;口号presentation n. 显示;演出nuclear adj. 核的;核能的;原子核的disagreement n. 分歧;不一致Unit 5diagram n. 图解;图表;示意图volcano n. 火山△volcanic adj. 火山的△volcanology n. 火山学△volcanologist n. 火山学家erupt vi. (指火山)爆发;突然发生eruption n. 火山爆发; (战争等)爆发ash n. 灰;灰末△crater n. 火山口;弹坑△lava n. (火山喷出的)熔岩;火山岩hurricane n. 飓风;风暴questionnaire n. 问卷;调查表alongside adv. 在旁边;沿着边prep. 在……旁边; 沿着……的边equipment n. 设备;装备appoint vt. 任命;委派△observatory n. 观象台;天文台;气象台database n. 数据库;资料库△Mount Kilauea 基拉韦厄火山evaluate vt. 评估;评价;估计burn to the ground 全部焚毁wave n. 波浪;波涛vi. 波动;起伏;挥手△molten adj. 熔化的;熔融的fountain vi. & vt. 泉水般地喷出或涌出n. 喷泉;源泉absolute adj. 绝对的;完全的absolutely adv. 绝对地;完全地△spaceman n. 宇航员;航天专家suit n. 一套外衣;套装vt. 适合;使适宜helmet n. 头盔boot n. 靴子make one’s way 前往potential n. 潜在性;可能性;潜能adj. 可能的;潜在的actual adj. 实在的;实际的△geology n. 地质学△Mount Etna 埃特纳火山(意大利西西里岛东北部)△Sicily 西西里岛(意大利南部)△sample n. 样品;样本candidate n. 候选人;候补者△Mount Vesuvius 维苏威火山△threat n. 恐吓;威胁bungalow n. 平房;小屋△Pompeii 庞培(意大利古都)△tornado n. 龙卷风;旋风typhoon n. 台风thunderstorm n. 雷暴precious adj. 贵重的;珍贵的novelist n. 小说家fog n. 雾document n. 文件;证件rainbow n. 彩虹uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的; 不舒适的balcony n. 阳台unconscious adj. 失去知觉的; 未察觉的shoot (shot, shot) vt. 射中;射伤shot n. 射击;枪炮声tremble vi. 摇晃;摇动;颤抖sweat n. 汗vi. 出汗anxious adj. 忧虑的;不安的anxiety n. 担心;焦虑;渴望panic (panicked, panicked) vi. & vt. 惊慌n. 惊慌;恐慌△tsunami n. 海啸;地震海啸glance through 匆匆看一遍△Manchu adj. 满族的n. 满人vary from…to…由……到……不等diverse adj. 多种多样的;不同的△diversity n. 多种多样;多样性△crane n. 鹤;吊车;起重机△leopard n. 豹△spectacular adj. 引人入胜的; 壮观的bathe vi. 洗澡;游泳△arouse vt. 激发;唤醒某人appreciation n. 欣赏;感激;感谢△peak n. 山顶;顶峰△persuasion n. 信服;说服guarantee vt. 保证;担保。

人教版高中英语选修六知识点总结

Unit1I词汇及结构1.wouldratherdosth情愿做….wouldrathersbdidsth情愿sb做…情愿做….而不愿意做…：wouldratherdosththandosth=woulddosthratherthandosth=prefertodosthratherthandosth=preferdoingsthtodoingsth2.faithn.信任,信仰keepfaithwith忠于信仰;守信havefaithin相信,信任ingoodfaith老实地；诚恳地faithfuladj.忠诚的，可靠的3.AstherearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itwouldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminsuchashorttext．so+adj+a(an)+(单数可数)(+that…)somany/few+n(复数)(+that…)somuch/little(不可数)(+that…)such+adj.+n.(不可数)/n(复数)4.consequentlyadv.所以，因此MrFosterhasneverbeentoChina.Consequently,heknowsverylittleaboutit.福斯特先生从未去过中国,所以对中国了解得很少。

consequentadj.作为结果的,随之发生的consequencen.结果asaconsequence/resultof=becauseof5.aim1）n.(C)目标withoutaim无目的的/无目标的achieveone’saimmissone’saim打不中目标(U)对准,瞄准takeaimat2）v.(以枪等)对准,瞄准aimataimlessa.无目标的，无目的的打算,计划,以……为目标,立志做……aimatdoing=aimtodo瞄准,力求做到,力争达到6.typicaladj.典型的；具有代表性的；象征性的(representative)typicalexample典型事例adj.evident明白的,明显的(apparent)n.evidence证据;证明Itisevident(obvious)(t osb)that…..7.realistic现实主义的,逼真的,现实的realism现实主义idealismrealist现实主义terrorism恐怖主义terrorist恐怖分子SocialismSocialistrealadj.真的realizev.实现8adoptvt.1).采取;采纳;吸收Aftermuchdeliberation,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.再三考虑之后,我决定采纳她的建议。

人教版高中英语选修6重点词词性转换

选修六Unit11.exhibition n．展览；陈列；展览会→ exhibit v.展览；陈列2.attempt n．[C，U]努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图→attempted adj.企图的；未遂的3.aim n．[C]目标；目的vi.& vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力→aimless adj.没有目标的；无目的的→aimlessly ad v.漫无目的地；无目标地4.appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助→(熟词生义) vt.将……上诉n．[C，U]呼吁；恳求；吸引力→appealing adj.吸引人的5.adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养→adopted adj.被收养的；被采用的→adoption n．[U]收养；采用6.faith n．[U]信任；信心；信念→faithful adj.忠实的；守信的→faithfully ad v.忠实地7.possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→possession n．[U]拥有；占有；(用复数)财产8.evident adj.明显的；明白的→evidently ad v.显然；明显→evidence n．[U]证据9.predict vt.预言；预告；预测→prediction n．[C，U]预言→predictor n．[C]预言者10.preference n．[C，U]喜爱；偏爱→prefer vt.喜爱；偏爱→preferred/preferred(过去式/过去分词)11.typical adj.典型的；有代表性的→typically ad v.典型地12.specific adj.确切的；特定的→specifically ad v.确切地；特定地13.abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的n．摘要→ abstractly adv.抽象地；理论上地→abstraction n.抽象14.delicate adj.脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的→ delicately adv.优美地；微妙地；精致地15.coincidence n．巧合(的事) →coincident adj.同时发生的；巧合的→ coincidently adv. 巧合地16.sculpture n.雕塑→ sculptor n.雕刻家；雕塑家17.consequently adv. 所以；因而→ consequent adj.作为结果的→consequence n.结果；后果18.conventional adj.传统的；因循守旧的→ conventionally adv. 照惯例；照常套19.controversial adj. 争论的；争议的→ controversially adv.引起争议地;争议的20.e ffectively adv. 有效地→ effective adj.有效的；生效的→ effect n. 效应；结果21.preference n.喜爱；偏爱→ prefer vt.宁可；较喜欢(过去式: preferred 过去分词: preferred 现在分词: preferring)22.permanent adj. 永久的；持久的→ permanently adv.永久地→ temporarily adv.暂时地；临时地→ temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的Unit21.warmth n.暖和；温暖→ warm adj. 温暖的；暖和的→ warmly adv. 亲切地；温暖地2.exchange n. [C，U]交换；交流；互换vt.& vi.调换；交换→ exchangeable adj. 可交换的3.repetition n. 重复；反复；循环→ repeat n. 重复；反复v. 重复；复述→repeated adj. 重复的→ repeatedly adv. 重复地；再三地4.poetry n.诗（总称）；诗意→ poet n.诗人→ poem n. 诗；韵文5.load n. [C]负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)vt.装载→( unload vt.卸载6.appropriate adj.适当的；正当的→appropriately ad v.适当地→( inappropriate adj.不适当的7.darkness n. [U]黑暗；漆黑→dark adj.黑暗的8.endless adj.无穷的；无止境的→end n．& v.终止；结束→ending n. [C]结尾；结局9.eventually ad v.最后；终于→eventual adj.最后的10.flexible adj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的→flexibly ad v.灵活地；易曲地；柔软地→flexibility n. [U]柔韧性；灵活性11.transform vi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换→transformation n. [U]转化；转换；变换12.sorrow n. [U]悲伤；悲痛；懊悔→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的13.translation n. [U]翻译；[C]译文→translate v.翻译→translator n. [C]译员；翻译家14.convey vt.传达；运送→过去式: conveyed →过去分词: conveyed →现在分词: conveying → conveyable adj. 可搬运的；可传达的15.concrete adj.具体的→ concretely adv. 具体地16.violinist n. 小提琴演奏者→ violin n. 小提琴17.pianist n.钢琴家；钢琴演奏者→ piano n. 钢琴Unit31.alcohol n.酒；酒精→alcoholic adj. 酒精的2.effect n．[C，U]结果；效力→effective adj.有效的3.quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开→quit/quitted/quit/quitted(过去式/过去分词)4.addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addiction n．[U，C]沉溺；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的→addict vt.使上瘾n．[C]有瘾的人5.accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的6.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．[U]失望；沮丧；[C]令人失望的人/物7.desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的→desperately ad v.拼命地；绝望地8.ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧；(常用复数)遗憾的事→(同义词)shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的9.stress n．[C，U]压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的10.mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally ad v.精神上；智力上11.strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强→strength n．[U]力气；力量；[C]强项；长处12.automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→automatically ad v.无意识地；自动地13.embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrassing adj.使人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫→embarrassment n．[U]窘迫；难堪；[C]使人为难的人/事14.awkward adj.局促不安的；笨拙的;难对付的，难处理的→ awkwardly adv.笨拙地;尴尬地;困难地15.inject vt. 注射→ injection n. 注射；注射剂16.adolescent n．青少年adj.青春期的→ adolescence n.青春期17.fitness n. 健康→fit adj. 适宜的；合适的；健康的v.适合→比较级: fitter →最高级: fittest18.tough adj.困难的；强硬的→ toughly adv.强硬地；固执地→ toughness n.韧性;坚韧;刚性→比较级: tougher →最高级: toughest19.relaxation n. 放松；松弛→ relax v. 休息；放松→ relaxed adj. 放松的；松懈的→ relaxing adj. 轻松的20.weaken vi.（对某事的决心）动摇；减弱vt. （使）变弱→ weak adj.弱的；虚弱的；无力的→ weakness n.软弱；弱点21.robbery n.抢劫；盗窃→ rob v.抢劫；掠夺(过去式: robbed 过去分词: robbed 现在分词: robbing) → robber n. 盗贼；强盗→ robbery n. 抢劫22.slippery adj.滑的→ slip v. 滑倒；滑脱→ 过去式: slipped →过去分词: slipped →现在分词: slipping24.ban vt. 禁止；取缔；n.[C]禁令→ 过去式: banned →过去分词: banned →现在分词: banningUnit41.drought n. 旱灾；干旱→ dry adj.干的；干燥的→比较级: drier/dryer →最高级: driest/dryest2.advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张n．[C]提倡者；拥护者→ advocator n.拥护者；提倡者mitment n.承诺；交托；信奉→ commit v.犯罪；承诺；委托4.consequence n．[C]结果；后果；影响；[U]重大；重要→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently ad v.因此；所以5.oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的；对立的6.steady adj.平稳的；持续的→steadily ad v.平稳地；持续地7.pollution n．[U]污染；弄脏→pollute vt.污染8.tendency n．[C]倾向；趋势→tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理9.existence n．[U]生存；存在→exist vi.存在→existing adj.现存的10.consume vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完→consumer n．[C]顾客→consumption n．[U]消费(量)；消耗(量)11.phenomenon n．[C]现象→phenomena pl.现象12.growth n．[U]生长；增长→grow vi.生长；增长→grew/grown(过去式/过去分词)13.s tate vt.陈述；说明→ statement n.陈述；声明14.individual n. 个人；个体adj.单独的；个别的→ individually adv.个别地；单独地；独特地15.economical → adj.节约的；经济的→ economic adj.经济学的；经济的→economics n.经济学→ economy n. 经济；节约d adj. 温和的；温柔的；淡的→ mildly adv. 柔和地；和善地17.environmental adj.环境的→ environmentalist n. 环境保护论者→environment n.环境；外界Unit51.diversity n. 多种多样；多样性→ diverse adj. 不同的；多种多样的2.panic vi.& vt.惊慌n．[C]惊慌；恐慌→panicked/panicked/panicking(过去式/过去分词/现在分词)3.guarantee vt. 保证；担保→过去式: guaranteed →过去分词: guaranteed →现在分词: guaranteeing4.potential n．[C] 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj.可能的；潜在的→ potentially adv. 潜在地5.shoot vt.射中；射伤→(熟词生义)拍摄→shot/shot/shooting(过去式/过去分词/现在分词)6.anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiously ad v.不安地→anxiety n．[U]担心；焦虑；渴望7.appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n．[C，U]约定；任命8.evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计→evaluation n．[C]评估9.absolute adj.绝对的；完全的→absolutely ad v.绝对地；完全地10.suit n．[C]一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜→suitable adj.合适的→( unsuitable adj.不合适的11.actual adj.实在的；实际的→actually ad v.实际地12.bathe vi.洗澡→bath n．[C]洗澡13.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的→(comfortable adj.舒服的；舒适的→comfortably ad v.舒适地→comfort vt.安慰14.unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的→(conscious adj.有知觉的；有意识的→consciously ad v.有意识地→consciousness n．[U]知觉；意识15.volcano n．火山→volcanic adj.火山的→ volcanology n.火山学→ volcanologist n.火山学家16.novelist n. 小说家→ novel n.小说adj. 新奇的17.tremble v i.颤抖；发抖→ trembling adj.发抖的；哆嗦的18.erupt vi.（指火山）爆发；突然发生→ eruption n. 火山爆发；（战争等）爆发19.equipment n. 设备；装备→ equip vt. 装备；具备→过去式: equipped →过去分词: equipped →现在分词: equipping。

地理选修 6

地理选修六学案 1.1我们周围的环境【学习目标】1、通过对案例分析，准确地理解“环境”的概念和人类与环境相互影响和相互制约的关系；2、培养学生发现问题、概括知识的能力。

【阅读思考】一、什么是环境1、环境的定义：注意：周围事物（环境）是相对于中心事物并和中心事物相关的事物2、《中华人民共和国环境法》中的“环境”的中心事物是3、天然环境：定义：环境（分类依据：举例：人类对其影响程度）人工环境：定义：举例：二、人类与环境1、关系：2、人与环境关系变化历程:A 、最初：B 、随着和，人类对环境的影响越来越。

C 、今天【问题探究】1、读人类社会与环境的相关模式图 ⑴内圆―――占有一定空间的人类社会外圆―――人类社会与其周围环境构成的人地系统内外圆之间的空间―――人类社会周围的环境 ⑵箭头代表的含义①代表人类通过生产活动，从环境中获取物质和和能量；②代表人类将新陈代谢和消费活动的产物，以废弃物的形式排放到环境中；③代表人类通过生产活动和生活活动对环境产生影响：A、正面：人类遵循自然规律，合理利用资源或者废弃物排放不超过环境的自净能力；B、负面：人类向环境索取资源的速度超过了资源本身及其代替品的再生速度，或者向环境排放废弃物的数量超过了环境的自净能力，使环境质量下降④代表环境对人类的反馈作用（正面和负面）2、阅读案例①思考：（1）在旧石器时代，周口店的居民与环境之间的关系有什么特点?原因是什么?（2）农业文明以来，周口店的居民与环境的关系出现了什么问题?原因又是什么?（3）你是如何理解人类和环境之间关系的?（4）进入21世纪，周口店乡是如何对待人类与环境的关系的？【实战演练】【学习反思】1.2 环境问题的产生及其特点【学习目标】1．了解当前人类所面临的主要环境问题2．认识环境问题产生的主要原因及危害重点难点：理解环境问题产生的主要原因及危害学习方法：比较法、案例分析法、图示法等【阅读思考】一、环境问题的表现1．环境问题的概念环境问题：当人类违反环境发展的客观规律，向环境索取资源的速度超过了资源本身及其替代品的再生速度，或者向环境排放废弃物的数量超过了环境的自净能力时，环境则把这种不良影响反作用于人类，就会出现影响人类的生存、生活和健康，甚至危及人类的生存的环境问题。

高中英语选修6 词汇表(人教版)

高中英语选修6词汇表（新课标人教版）Book 6 Unit 1realistic/riə’lɪstɪk/ adj.现实的abstract/'æbstrækt/adj。

抽象的n. 摘要sculpture /'skʌlptʃə/ n。

雕塑sculptor/’skʌlptə/ n。

雕刻家gallery /'ɡælərɪ/ n. 画廊faith /feɪθ/ n. 信任；信心；信念faithfully /'feɪθfəli/ adv. 忠实地consequently /’kɔnsikwəntli/ adv. 所以；因而aim /eɪm/ n. 目标;目的v. 瞄准conventional/kən’venʃənl/ adj.传统的typical /’tɪpɪkl/adj。

典型的evident /’evɪdənt/ adj. 明显的renaissance /riˌneisns/ n.新生；复兴the Renaissance 文艺复兴（时期）adopt /ə’dɒpt/ vt。

采用；收养humanistic /ˌhju:mə’nɪstɪk/ adj.人道主义的possess /pə’zes/ vt. 拥有possession /pə’zeʃn/ n.（尤作复数）所有；财产superb /ˌsu:’pə：b/ adj。

极好的perspective/pə’spektɪv/n.观点technique /tekˌni:k/ n。

技术；方法coincidence /kəʊˌɪnsɪdəns/ n. 巧合by coincidence 巧合地masterpiece /‘mɑ:stəpi：s/ n. 杰作a great deal 大量shadow /’ʃædəʊ/ n。

阴影;影子ridiculous /rɪ'dɪkjʊləs/ adj。

荒谬的controversial /ˌkɒntrə'və:ʃl/adj。

选修6-高中英语单词表格

活着的；本人
△
n.
马蒂斯（法国画家）
n.
几何学
n.
束；串
△
n.
曼哈顿岛；曼哈顿区（纽约市中心）
n.
林荫道；道路；大街
n.
喜爱；偏爱
△
n.
古根海姆博物馆
△
vt.
展示；陈列；显露
黑体
vi. vt.n.
有感染力、呼吁、求助；将……上诉；呼吁、恳求
黑体
phr.
（对某人）有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣
adj.
精细的；易碎的；脆弱的
泉水般地喷出或涌出；喷泉、源泉
黑体
adj.
绝对的；完全的
黑体
adv.
绝对地；完全地
△
n.
宇航员；航天专家
黑体
n. vt.
一套外衣、套装；适合、使适宜
n.
头盔
n.
靴子
黑体
phr.
前往
黑体
n. adj.
潜在性、可能性、潜能；可能的、潜在的
黑体
adj.
实在的；实际的
△
n.
地质学
△
n.
埃特纳火山（意大利西西里岛东北部）
△
adj.
圆形的；环形的；循环的
△
adj.
主要都市的；大城市的
n.
名声；名誉
n.
文明；文化；文明社会
n.
埃及（东北非国家）
adj.
埃及的；埃及人的
adj.
视觉的；看得见的
adj.
香的；令人愉快的
△
n.
莫奈（法国画家）
△
n.
惠特尼
△
n.
麦迪逊

高中地理选修6知识点

高中地理选修6知识点高中地理选修6知识点地理学是一门研究地球的学科，它主要研究地球表面的自然和人文现象，包括天气、内陆水系、地球物理、人类活动等方面的知识。

高中地理选修6是地理学中的一门必修课程，主要涵盖了地球系统科学、地球环境科学、地球资源科学、地球空间科学以及地球研究方法与地理技术等内容。

本文将对高中地理选修6中的知识点进行详细介绍。

一、地球系统科学地球系统科学是地理学的一门基础课程，它主要研究地球内、外部环境之间的相互作用以及这种相互作用所产生的几乎无限复杂的异构系统。

地球系统科学主要包括四个方面的学科：1.大气环境科学大气环境科学主要研究大气现象，如天气、气候、气温、风、云、降水等自然现象，以及大气污染、气体的环境污染等人文活动对大气环境的影响。

2.海洋环境科学海洋环境科学主要研究海洋中的水文学、海洋地质学、物理海洋学、海洋生物学等学科，以及人类活动对海洋生态系统、海洋生物和海洋环境的影响。

3.陆地环境科学陆地环境科学主要研究陆地系统中的自然现象，如生态系统、生态环境、植被、土壤、地貌、水文以及人类活动对这些自然现象的影响。

4.地质环境科学地质环境科学主要研究地球内部的构造、形态、地理、地球动力学以及地质过程和物质循环等。

二、地球环境科学地球环境科学主要研究地球上的各种环境问题，包括人类活动对环境的影响、环境保护等。

地球环境科学主要包括五个方面的学科：1.自然灾害地理学自然灾害地理学主要研究自然灾害的成因、发生规律、影响及预防等问题。

2.环境污染地理学环境污染地理学主要研究各种污染的成因，如水、空气、土壤等污染的种类、规模、分布和影响等。

3.城市环境地理学城市环境地理学主要研究城市环境的特点、变化和影响因素，以及城市环境规划、建设和管理等问题。

4.环境保护地理学环境保护地理学主要研究环境保护的基本原理、环境保护的政策、法律、标准和管理制度，以及环境保护的技术手段和方法等。

5.资源环境地理学资源环境地理学主要研究地球资源的分布、特点、价值、开发和利用问题，以及资源管理、保护和可持续利用等问题。

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浙江高考IB模块历史选修6《世界文化遗产荟萃》古埃及的金字塔1．金字塔的来源（外形酷似“金”字，故译为金字塔）(l)建筑条件①政治上，奴隶制国家的出现、统一和发展。

法老集宗教世俗权利于一身②经济上，奴隶制经济的发展。

③文化上，陵墓文化。

④几何天文等科技的发展(2)金字塔的杰出代表：吉萨金字塔群（胡夫、哈佛拉、孟卡拉三大金字塔和狮身人面像）。

2．胡夫金字塔特点( 1 )历史地位：是埃及历史上规模最大、结构也最复杂的金字塔。

( 2 )外部：规模巨大，匀称壮观；（3）内部：构適乒杂，艺术精美。

( 4 )精湛建筑艺术：精确度高、结构精密。

3．两谜(1)金字塔的建造之谜。

(2)狮身人面像的建造之谜。

4．金字塔群存在的历史意义（1）是古埃及文明的象征(2)昭示古埃及文明的高超技术与成就(3)承载古埃及人民的智慧和历史(4)是人类建筑史上的奇迹(5)现实意义：历史文化价值；旅游观光价值；科考价值5．金字塔的威胁：自然因素：风化，高温，地震。

人为因素：战争，工业化和城市化，旅游开发。

雅典卫城和奥林匹亚遗址1．雅典城邦：自然条件经济角度国家特征政治体制民主自由平等和平2．雅典卫城(1)代表：山门、伊瑞克提翁神庙和帕特农神庙。

（2）特点：顺山势而建，布局自由，高低错落，主次分明，精致秀丽，最具特色的是柱廊。

体现人文主义精神。

（3）功能：祭祀庆典，防卫御敌，公民议政(4)帕特农神庙：特点：外观：宏伟壮丽，雕刻精致华美。

内观：伫立着雅典娜女神雕像。

地位：是雅典卫城最富盛名的建筑。

价值：①外面有雄伟的柱廊围绕，不仅显得雄伟壮丽，精致华美的雕刻装饰也堪称人类艺术的瑰宝②浮雕展现了古代希腊社会政治活动、社会活动、宗教活动等场景，是了解古希腊历史的重要资料。

3．奥林匹亚竞技会的特点：和平友谊、公平竞争、崇拜英雄、追求健美、奋发上进、广泛交流（增强民族自信和民族情感）等。

4．奥林匹克运动（1）精神：相互了解、友谊、团结和公平竞赛。

(2)格言：更高、更快、更强。

(3)宗旨：建立和平美好的世界古罗马城的建筑艺术成就1．古罗马的象征——大斗兽场（1）特点：规模大；功能多；建筑设计水平高；阶级等级明显；举行角斗活动是主要活动之一；是东方社会没有的。

(2)价值：最宏伟的建筑；希腊式和古罗马式建筑融合。

2．图拉真广场和纪功柱(1)结构：层次分明，功能丰富，拱门、庭院、大厅、图书馆、纪功柱、图拉真广场。

(2)价值：充分体现了罗马帝国时代的大一统思想和对皇权的推崇。

3．雄伟的万神殿(1)地位：罗马最宏伟著名的神庙建筑，唯一完整保存至今的古罗马建筑。

(2)目的：崇拜以星宿为代表的希腊与罗马的各位天神。

(3)结构：由门廊和正殿两部分构成，集希腊柱式与罗马圆顶式建筑风格于一体，气势恢宏。

（4）特点：万神殿将古希腊建筑和罗马建筑风格有机地融为一体，使建筑既宏伟壮观，又有广阔的空间。

最大的特色是它的圆形穹顶，把穹顶技术发展到顶峰。

后影响到了世界各地的建筑。

美学角度，并体现了人与神联系和宗教情感。

小结：古罗马建筑的价值1、史学价值：为我们研究古罗马政治经济、文化艺术及科学技术等，提供了极为重要的实物资料。

2、艺术价值：罗马建筑是古希腊建筑的继承和发展，并达到了那个时代的顶峰，对后世欧洲建筑乃至世界建筑都产生了巨大影响。

根据世界文化遗产的评定标准，古罗马城满足如下几点①代表一种独特的艺术成就，一种创造性的天才杰作；②在一定时期内或世界某一文化区域内，对建筑艺术、纪念物艺术、城镇规划或景观设计等方面的发展产生重大影响的事务；③可作为一种类型建筑群或景观的杰出范例，展示出人类历史上一个（或几个）重要阶段的作品；④与某些事件或现行传统、思想、信仰或文学艺术作品有直接或实质关联，具有特殊普遍意义的实物。

佛罗伦萨(l)佛罗伦萨成为文艺复兴摇篮的原因①政治：佛罗伦萨共和国的建立②经济：欧洲最早的资本主义萌芽出现③文化：美第奇家族的扶植(2)佛罗伦萨著名的文化遗产①圣母玛利亚教堂：构成；圣母玛利亚大教堂，洗礼堂，钟楼。

特点；圆顶，穹顶---椭圆形，外观通过鼓座全部展现出来。

是对古罗马教堂建筑的继承与创新，具有创新意义上的古典倾向地位：是佛罗伦萨的标志性建筑之一。

它的建造，标志着意大利文艺复兴建筑的诞生。

体现了公民精神和人类的勤勉和力量②西斯廷小教堂；壁画特点：多位艺术家参与创作；画面场面宏伟，形象生动；宗教题材为主；反映人文主义思想③乌菲齐博物馆：藏有《天使》、《圣母像》、《维纳斯的诞生》、《春神图》，是欧洲乃至世界的艺术宝库，为后世留下了深厚的文化遗产；是佛罗伦萨成为文艺复兴中心的见证，是学术研究的重要资源④帕拉蒂纳美术馆：藏有文艺复兴绘画大师的名画《椅子中的圣母》、《戴面纱的女人》、《英国人画像》等。

圣彼得大教堂——世界上最大的天主教堂(1)目的：树立罗马教廷的威信。

（2）建筑理念：迎融圣威(3)建筑风格:具有明显的文艺复兴时期提倡的古典主义形式，主要特征是罗马式的圆顶和希腊式的柱式相结合。

(4)地位：①迄今为止世界上最大的天主教堂；②融汇了意大利众多艺术精英的智慧，成就了意大利文艺复兴时期最辉煌的建筑艺术；③是世界建筑史上的奇迹，更是世界文化史上的珍贵遗产。

小结 1.从外观上比较圣彼得大教堂与帕特农神庙、万神殿的联系与区别说明了什么？继承古希腊古罗马的建筑风格，如：希腊柱式风格、三角形山墙风格、罗马穹顶风格等；但又有所创新，如穹顶的发挥。

2. 圣母玛利亚教堂与德国科隆大教堂比较希腊古罗马寻求灵感3.意大利文艺复兴时代背景：意大利资本主义经济的兴起和资产阶级力量的发展，时代需要冲破基督教神学束缚的人文主义大师。

巨人代表：拉斐尔、米开朗基罗、达芬奇、贝尔尼尼。

世界建筑的奇迹万里长城1．建筑风格①建筑原则、方法：就地取材、因地制宜、用险制塞。

②风格：朴实浑厚、粗犷奔放、雄伟壮观、气势磅礴，和当地自然环境和谐一致。

2．复杂完备的防御体系(1)城墙功能：(2)关城(3)烽火台(4)障(5)军用道路3．文化内涵(1)伟大艺术宝库①建筑艺术：气势磅礴；布局巧妙。

②装饰雕刻艺术：雕饰精美、美观③文学艺术：产生民间传说、说唱戏曲、诗词歌赋、绘画雕塑等文学艺术作品(2)其他①民族关系：民族矛盾与褪屏的产物。

②中华民族的伟大个性：凝聚力、卓越的智慧与创造力；勤劳勇敢、热爱和平。

4．重大积极作用(1)防御作用：保护中原农业生产和人民生命财产。

(2)中外关系：保障丝绸之路畅通，促进中西经济文化交流。

(3)边疆开发：对长城沿线经济文化发展的推动。

(4)民族关系：促进各族经济文化交流和民族融合。

5．普世价值：长城有独特的建筑风格，复杂完备的防御体系，丰富的文化内涵，是一座巍峨的的历史丰碑秦始皇陵1．地位：秦始皇陵是中国历史上第一个也是古代最大的皇帝陵园。

2．建制布局①“事死如生”的陵园：模仿都城的建制布局。

②基本构成：寝殿、地宫（整个陵墓建筑群的核心）和陪葬坑等。

③对后世影响：秦始皇开创的以陵寝、地宫和陪葬墓为基本格局的帝王陵寝制度，开创了后世帝王厚葬之风的先河。

秦兵马俑1．构成：一号坑：面积最大，有陶俑、陶马、战车、青铜剑二号坑：有弩兵、方阵、骑兵方阵、混合方阵四个方阵，还有弓弩、戟三号坑：面积最小，兵马俑的指挥部四号坑：中军2．工艺特色：神态逼真、色彩绚丽、个性鲜明，高度概括和细腻写实的艺术手法。

3．艺术价值：秦兵马俑的大型艺术群塑，是我国雕塑艺术史上的一支奇葩。

史学价值：秦始皇陵兵马俑为我们研究秦朝政治、经济、军事制度、文化艺术及科学技术等，提供了极为重要的实物资料。

1．最大的古代宫殿建筑群 (1)特点：布局严谨（前朝后寝的院落式）、华美壮丽、中轴对称、主次分明、面向正南（中轴对称表现：主要建筑集中在中轴线上，两侧分布次要建筑；中轴线上的建筑高大豪华，两侧相对低矮；三大殿台基为三层，后三宫台基只有一层。

体现了儒家思想为主的传统礼制）（主次分明体现了皇权至高无上）（建筑面向正南体现了南面而王的正统观念）(2)故宫建筑遵循：封建传统礼制，即儒家思想为主的传统礼制。

阴阳五行学说。

家国统一思想。

皇权独尊。

(3)构成：皇宫、宫城（紫禁城，北京城的中心，城中之城）、皇城、京城。

2．疏朗雄伟的三大殿(1)太和殿（特点：采用最尊贵的屋顶形式，四个檐角的琉璃小兽破例用了十个）地位：规模最大、气势最雄伟、装饰最华丽，紫禁城中处于主体地位，是现存中国古代最高最大的宫殿。

代表封建皇权的核心。

功能：节日、皇帝即位、命将出征等重大活动举行典礼的地方。

(2)中和殿：三大殿中规模最小，供在大典前作短暂休息之用。

(3)保和殿①用途：除夕盛宴；殿试场所。

②特点：采用减柱法，显得格外宽敞。

③云龙石雕政治象征意义：云龙雕刻有山崖、海水和流云，代表着皇帝的九条巨龙飞腾在海水中，气势磅礴，象征天子一统江山。

3．严谨富丽的内廷建筑后三宫：乾清官、交泰殿、坤宁宫是故宫内廷的主体建筑。

挥系统煮成一个完整的军政编列体系，展现了秦军威武雄壮的豪迈气势4．藏品丰富的文物宝库——故宫博物院特点：是中华民族文化史的实物宝库。

保存文物一百零五万多件，充分体现了中国古代工艺技术的辉煌成就。

5．世界建筑艺术的瑰宝(1)建筑思想：除满足帝王生活、理政的要求外，突显皇权至尊（更重要）。

(2)地位：集中体现了我国古代建筑艺术的优秀传统与独特风格，充分显示了古代劳动人民的精湛技艺和创造才能。

世界建筑艺术的瑰宝。

宫殿建筑典范。

6．被列为世界文化遗产名录的原因是世界上现存规模最大的、保存最完整的古代木结构建筑群；是明清时中国文明的历史见证；是中国五千年传统文化的见证。

瑰丽的夏宫——颐和园1．历史地位：世界最著名的古典园林之一，也是中国现存最完整、规模最大的一座皇家园林。

2．组成：由万寿山和昆明湖组成。

3．特点：运用中国传统的造园手法，山外有山，景中有景，意境幽美。

将不同风格的园林建筑和谐地组合在一起4．主要景观(1)政治活动区(2)生活居住区(3)游览区浓郁的江南园林风格①万寿山前山A ．景区特征：华丽宏伟。

B ．主要景观：千步廊（世界最长的彩绘长廊）②昆明湖A ．景区特征：典型的杭州西湖风格。

B ．主要景观：东堤文昌阁、秀漪桥、十七孔桥、南湖岛；西堤玉带桥等。

③后山后湖A 、景区特征：典型的藏式寺庙建筑风格。

B ．主要景观：谐趣园。

5．文化价值：是中国古典园林建筑的博物馆。

文化精神内涵：皇帝威严历史价值：是建筑史上的宏伟巨作，是园林艺术上的百科大全，代表着中国皇家园林最高的造园艺术，展现出中国造园艺术的精华；浸透着中国人民的血汗，体现了中国人民的智慧和创造力；是爱国主义教育的重要场所；有利于水利灌溉，是一座人工水库古色古香的平遥古城1．保存最完整的明清县城——平遥古城(1)市楼功能：官府管理市场的办事场所（2）特点：沿南北中轴展开，左右对称(3)平遥古城体现什么文化内涵？平遥古城的建筑布局是按照以儒家思想为主的传统礼制安排，反映当时“神人共治”和儒道佛“三教合一”的文化内涵。