英语报刊选读考试样题
英语报刊选读试题3
英语报刊选读试题3I. Translate the following items into Chinese. (2 points for each from 1 to 15; 5 points for 16 and 17 respectively; 40 points in total)1. as a tribute to a distinguished graduate2. three years in a row3. a double-digit cut in critical defense research programs4. political lobbying5. electoral college6. harmless entertainment7. have a real problem separating reality from fantasy8. capital punishment9. cram for an exam10. Higher Education Act11. a fellow student of Fisher’s12. the give-and-take of the traditional classroom13. a standard brick-and-mortar university14．Predicting the future takes insight and dedication.15. worth a lot of money for a lot of people16. Don Wise wandered into the living room of his home in Leewood one evening last Semptember. His ten-year-old son, Mike, and a 12-year- old friend were sitting in front of a large-screen television set. They were playing a vedio game they had rented called 007.17. Ms. Stuart says her experience with online learing was wonderful but also served to challenge one of the false ideas about Internet study: the notion that it doesn’t require as much commitment and discipline as conventional classroom courses. If anything,Stuart believes she works harder than most traditional on-site students. She says she can provide firsthand evidence that the idea that distance learning is easy is a misconception.II. Read the short passages and choose the best answer. (2 points for each; 20 points in total)(A)SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico. Howling "like a million ghosts", a hurricane with an eye bigger than the islands it threatened blew into the Caribbean on Tuesday with winds that peaked at 170 miles an hour (270 kilometers an hour).The hurricane, designated Luis, straddled the Lesser Antilles and the Leeward Islands and moved westward toward Puerto Rico, Dominica and Cuba.The full force of the storm, estimated at 700 miles wide, was expected to strike Puerto Rico on Wednesday.High seas a hundred miles away it killed a French tourist in Guadeloupe."I've been in hurricanes, but I've never been in anything this strong before," said Scott Stripling, a meteorologist at the National Weather Service in San Juan.With confirmed wind gusts of up to 160 miles an hour and an eye 60 miles wide, the hurricane threatened even more devastation than the destructive hurricane named Hugo in 1989.As the hurricane bore down Tuesday on Barbuda, a tiny island of 1,400 people, winds of at least 146 miles an hour knocked out US wind measuring instruments on neighboring Antigua, 25 miles to the south. There was an unofficial report of gusts up to 175 miles an hour on Antigua."It's like a million ghosts howling outside," said Jackie Butler, who teaches inDavie, in south Florida. She got caught while vacationing in Barbuda with her husband and five children, including their 2-month-old daughter.Antigua government radio went off the air early Tuesday. Listeners switched to the Baptist station, Radio Lighthouse, which continued broadcasting warnings and news that some roofs had been blown off and many telephone lines downed.1. A storm with winds of up to 170 miles an hour the Caribbean.A. blew intoB. is expected to threatenC. moved westwards towards2. The hurricane, named could be more destructive than the one in 1989.A. LiusB. HugoC. Barbuda3. Winds knocked out .A. a French touristB. a US meteorologistC. US wind-measuring instruments4. Jackie Butler in Barbuda.A. got caught in the hurricaneB. was staying with her childrenC. teaches5. continued broadcasting warnings and news.A. The government radioB. The Baptist stationC. National Weather Service（B）CORTE, Corsica - A Corsican nationalist was shot dead and his wife was badly wounded here Thursday, bringing to three the number of pro-independence militants killed in less than 24 hours.Noel Sargentini, about 30 years old, was killed when two gunmen opened fire as he drove his car in this northern Corsican town. Both he and his wife, Dominique, were members of the Cuncolta Nziunalista, one of the two main nationalist movements campaigning for independence from France.The police said the Sargentinis were overtaken by another car that blocked the road. Two gunmen got out and fired through the couple's windshield.Mr. Sargentini died from bullets to the head and chest. His wife was hit by two bullets in the hip but was said to be out of danger.Ten people have been shot and killed this year, seven of them since July 13, in a growing feud between the Cuncolta and its rival, the Movement for Self-Determination. The two groups are off-shoots of the banned Corsican National Liberation Front.In the northern port of Bastia Wednesday evening, Pierre Albertini, 34, was killed in a gun battle in which he managed to wound one of his assailants fatally.Mr. Albertini, a member of the Movement for Self-Determination, was walking on a main street when three cars pulled up in front of him and the occupants began shooting. He fired back with his Uzi machine-pistol and wounded one of them, Pierre Duriani,24, before being hit in the heart. Mr. Duriani, a Cuncolta militant, died later in a hospital.6. shot dead on Thursday.A. A Corsican nationalist wasB. A Corsican couple wereC. Three Corsican nationalists were7. as he drove his car in a northern Corsican town.A. Two gunmen opened fire at Noel Sargentini's wifeB. Noel Sargentini was killedC. Two gunmen shot Noel Sargentini dead8. There is a growing feud between .A. the Cuncolta and the Corsican National Liberation FrontB. the Movement for self-Determination and Corsican National Liberation FrontC. the Cuncoita and the Movement for Self-Determination9. On Wednesday evening, a gun battle also killed .A. a manB. two menC. seven people10. began shooting at Albertini as he was walking on a main street.A. Three menB. The occupants in the three carsC. Three cars stopped and peopleIII. Read the following passage and choose the best answer.(4 points for each; 20 points in total)Lessons of Heart Disease, Learned and Ignored‘Time Is Muscle’At least half of all patients never call an ambulance. Instead, in the throes of a heart attack, they drive themselves to the emergency room or are driven there by a friend or family member. Or they take a taxi. Or they walk.Patients often say they were embarrassed by the thought of an ambulance arriving at their door.“Calling 911 seems like such a project,” Mr. Orr said. “I reserve it for car accidents and exploding appliances. I feel like if I can walk and talk and breathe I should just get here.”It is an understandable response, but one that can be fatal, cardiologists say.“If you come to the hospital unannounced or if you drive yourself there, (1) you’re burning time,” Dr. Antman said. “And time is muscle,” he added, meaning that (2) heart muscle is dying as the minutes tick away.There may be false alarms, Dr. Sopko said.“But it is better to be checked out and find out it’s not a problem than to have a problem and not have the therapy,” he said.Calling an ambulance promptly is only part of the issue, heart researchers say. There also is the question of how, or even whether, the patient gets either of two types of treatment to open the blocked arteries, known as reperfusion therapy.One is to open arteries with a clot-dissolving drug like TPA, for tissue plasminogen activator.“These have been breakthrough therapies,” said Dr. Joseph P. Ornato, a cardiologist and emergency medicine specialist who is medical director for the City of Richmond, Va. “But the hooker is that even the best of the clot buster drugs typically only open up 60 to 70 percent of blocked arteries —nowhere close to 100 percent.”The drugs also make patients vulnerable to bleeding, Dr. Ornato said.One in 200 patients bleeds into the brain, having a stroke from the treatment meant to save the heart.The other way is with (3) angioplasty, the procedure Mr. Orr got. Cardiologists say it is the preferred method under ideal circumstances.(4) Stents have recently been questioned for those who are just having symptoms like shortness of breath. In those cases, drugs often work as well as stents. But during a heart attack or in the early hours afterward, stents are the best way to open arteries and prevent damage. That, though, requires a cardiac catheterization laboratory, practiced doctors and staff on call 24 hours a day. The result is that few get this treatment.“We now are seeing really phenomenal results in experienced hands,” Dr. Ornato said. “We can open 95 to 96 percent of arteries, and bleeding in the brain is virtually unheard of. It’s a safer route if it is done by very experienced people and if it is done promptly. Those are big ifs.”The ifs were not a problem for Mr. Orr. His decision to go to Brigham and Women’s Hospital proved exactly right. But he did not know that when he chose the hospital —he chose it because (5) his doctor was affiliated with Brigham.1. “You are burning time” meansA you are wasting timeB you are using timeC you are flaming time2. “heart muscle is dying as the minutes tick away” means except __ __.A. As time slip by, the heart muscle stop its working.B . As every minute pass by, the heart muscle becomes weaker.C. As time goes on, the heart muscle lose its function suddenly.3. Which of the following is FalseA. The cardiologist is not in favor of the idea that patients drive themselves to the hospital.B. Patients feel it is a shame to call .C. Calling an ambulance promptly is the most important thing when the heart attacks.4. Which of the following is true according to the passageA. During a heart attack or in the early hours afterward, stents work as well as drugs.B. The preferred method under ideal circumstances is with angioplasty.C. Doctors are seeing really temporary results in experienced people.5. “ his doctor was affiliated with Brigham” means .A. His doctor was angry with Brigham.B. His doctor inferior to Brigham.C. His doctor has connection with BrighamIV. Read the following passage and then translate the underlined sentences. (4 points for each; 20 points in total)Lobbyists Out of Shadows into The SpotlightRecent years have seen an exploration in the number of advocates hired by corporations, labor unions, individuals and other special interests who want to influence actions of the White House, Congress and regulatory agencies Who are these people How do they earn their pay How effective are theyLobbying, a practice as old as the nation’s government, got its name from the cozyrelationship struck up in lobbies of the Capitol and nearby hotels between members of Congress and those seeking favor.. In the early days, companies would often seal the vote of a politician by simply putting him on retainer.(1)Lobbyists quickly developed an unsavory reputation of being bagmen who conducted the people’s business around the poker table. Despite periodic scandals and demands for reform, Congress has been reluctant to tamper with laws guaranteeing the right of citizens to petition the government.(2)Lobbyists come in a variety of guises, but lawyers, trade-association representatives and public relations consultants dominates the field.(3)A number of lobbyists previously served in key government posts. The roster includes more than 300 former member of Congress, cabinet and White House officials and congressional aides.Lobby firms come in all sizes. For every large lobbying firm doing business out of a plushy downtown building, there are scores of tiny operations that often deal in specialized issues. Stanley Brand says of his small outfits: “We can be a lot more efficient than the large firms, and some clients aren’t always interested in the large hitters.Lobbying is big money. A high-powered organization will charge an annual retainer of $ 200,000 or more. To put a premium on winning, some contracts include “success bonus” clauses. With millions or even billions of dollars on the line in bills before Congress, the stake run high.Lobbyists often are hired not so much to influence officials as to find out what is going on in Washington that could affect a client. Mounting a drive to get voters to work on members of Congress through letters, telephone calls and personal visits can have enormous impact.Lobbying is a two-way street. When they are not busy trying to sway the views of politicians, the lobbyists are engaged in raising campaign money for those same politicians. Lobbyists, like members of most professions, have their intramural quarrels..Where lobbyists used to avoid notoriety and preferred to work behind the scenes,many seek publicity as a useful tool. The Watergate era put a stop to all the underground games being played, so they came out of the closet. (4) Whether they work offstage or in the spotlight, lobbyists promise to continue exerting a powerful influence as long as there’s a Washington.（5）(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)附：参考答案I. Translate the following items into Chinese. (2 points for each from 1 to 15; 5 points for 16 and 17 respectively; 40 points in total)1. 作为对一位著名毕业生表达敬意的方式2. 连续三年3. 关键防卫研究项目上两位数的削减4. 政治游说5. 选举团6. 无害的娱乐7. 实在难以分清现实与幻想8. 死刑，极刑9. 突击学习备考10. 高等教育法11. 费舍尔的一个同学12. 传统课堂的师生交流13. 标准的现实学校14．预测未来需要洞察力和专注15. 对许多人来说，需要花很多钱16. 去年九月的一个傍晚唐怀斯走进自己在李武德的家里的客厅。
英语报刊阅读练习题（一）及答案
英语报刊阅读练习题（一）I.Translate the following words into Chinese. 1. Los Angeles Times Times 2. 2. Time 3. Sun Sun 4. 4. New Statesman and Society 5. UPI UPI 6. 6. Secretary of Homeland Security 7. Department of the Interior 8. State Legislature 9. Lieutenant-Governor 10. Lord President of the Council 11. Minister of State 12. Borough Council 13. Deputy Leader 14. Silicon V alley 15. parliamentary 15. parliamentary democracy democracy 16. AIDS 17. NSA 18. AL/Arab League 19. ICJ 20. SC (UN) II.Translate the following two short paragraphs. 1.We also recognize the challenges that America now faces. We are winning the war against enemies of freedom, yet more work remains. We will prevail in this noble mission. Liberty has the power to turn hatred into hope. 2.以和平方式实现祖国统一，最符合台湾海峡两岸同胞的根本利益。
国家以最大的诚意，尽最大的努力，实现和平统一。
III.Rewrite the following headlines if necessary. 1.Italian Ex-Mayor Murdered 2.Rail Chaos Getting Worse 3.How America Sees the World 4.Woman Kills Husband, Self 5.Chinese Cooks: Masters at Turning a Turnip into a Flower IV .Read the following news and then choose the right answer to each question. News Item 1 At least 29 people are reported dead and even more are missing after severe storms in the State of Florida. Many of the fatalities occurred in the central part of the state where powerful Many of the fatalities occurred in the central part of the state where powerful tornadoes damaged hundreds of buildings. tornadoes damaged hundreds of buildings. Widespread power outages delayed the efforts of Widespread power outages delayed the efforts of rescue crews. Florida has been hit by hail, heavy rains, and wind gusts as high as 20 kilometers per hour since Sunday afternoon. Many areas remain under a tornado watch. 1.What is the condition in the state of Florida? A.It has been attacked by severe drought. B.It has been hit by powerful tornadoes. C.It has been damaged by wind only. D.It has been struck by heavy rain only. 2.When did such weather begin? - 1 -A.Saturday morning. B.Since Saturday afternoon. C.Since Sunday morning. D.Since Sunday afternoon. News Item 2 Authorities in the Philippines are searching for a missing passenger jet. The civil Pacific Air DC9 failed to land on schedule Monday on a flight form Manila to Cagayan de Oro in the southern island of Mindanao. Flight 387 is believed to be carrying 99 passengers and a crew of five. Weather conditions are reported to have been good and the pilot did not report any trouble before contact with him was lost. 3.When is the Air DC9 scheduled to land? A.Monday B.Tuesday C.Wednesday D.Thursday 4.How many people are there in Flight 387? A.99 B.104 C.103 D.105 News Item 3 In central Asia, forestry officials in China say they've put out a fire which spread into Chinese territory from Mongolia. The official news agency said that in nine days the fire had spread across 300,000 hectares in the Chinese province of Inner Mongolia. The thousands of people fighting the In Mongolia fire were hampered by a lack of transport and by strong winds fanning the flames.itself, officials said fires were continuing to blaze across the country. They said 16 people have now died. Several countries and international aid agencies have promised funding to help fight the fire and to house people made homeless by it. 5.What happened in the province of Inner Mongolia? A.A fire was attacking it caused by an explosion. B.16 people died because of the fire. C.A fire lasted for a week. D.A fire was spreading into it from Mongolia. 6.What prevented the fight with the fire? A.A lack of water. B.A lack of transport. C.Strong winds. D.Both B and C. News Item 4 The United States has confirmed that it plans to sell anti-aircraft weapons worth 84 million dollars to Taiwan. The package will include nearly 500 stinger anti-aircraft missiles as well as launching systems and training missiles. The US Defense Department has sent details of the arms to Congress which had to approve the sale. Initial agreement for the deal was reached in March shortly before a Presidential election in Taiwan, and while China was conducting maneuvers in the Taiwan Strait. China said the exercises were a warning against moves by Taiwan to seek independence. 7.How much are the weapons worth? A.80 million. B.84 million. C.18 million. D.50 million. 8.When was the initial agreement first made? A.May B.April C.March D.Not mentioned. News Item 5 With a national strike by shopkeepers and businessmen in Zimbabwe going into its second day, further serious disruption is expected across the country. The government has said it intends to punish all those who have supported the illegal action against tax increases as the closures have denied employees the right to work. It said action would also be taken against civil servants and head teachers who closed their schools. Zimbabwean business leaders have called the statement threatening and without a legal basis. 9.What has caused the national strike in Zimbabwe? A.Employees demanding higher pay. B.Tax increases by the government. C.Head teachers closing their schools. D.Employees being denied the right to work. 10.The government has said it intends to punish _____. A.those who supported the illegal tax increases B.shopkeepers and businessmen C.whoever has supported the strike D.Zimbabwean business leaders V.Read the following article and then answer the questions below. Breaking Up is Hard to Do When Texans Russell Smith and John Anthony traveled to Vermont to join in a civil union in February 2002, they had all the romantic intentions of any couple exchanging “I do’s.” But like the 50 percent of Americans whose marriages end in divorce, Smith and Anthony later decided to call it quits. Because the two had shared business deals. Smith worried he might one day face financial obligations from his ex. So he filed fro divorce in a Texas court. Though a district judge initially agreed to grant one, Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott intervened. He feared granting a divorce would signal that the state recognized the union in the first place — a step Texas and other states aren’t yet willing to take. “A court cannot grant a divorce where no marriage existed,” Abbott argued. The judge reversed the divorce and the couple was forced to hash things our on their own. “They were just wanting to legally terminate this relationship,” says Anthony’s lawyer, Tommy Gunn. “Obviously the divorce route did not work.” If gay couples think it’s tough to get married, they may find it’s ever harder to spite up. Few want to think about it on the way to the altar, but “we’re not immune to relationship problems,” says David Buckel, an attorney who directs the marriage project at Lambda legal. Though all it takes is a romantic weekend to tie the knot under Canada’s just-passed same-sex marriage law or get linked by civil union in Vermont, both places requires at least one member of the couple to establish residency for a year before granting a divorce or official dissolution. Of the roughly 5,000 civil unions performed so far in Vermont, the only state that legally recognizes the same-sex commitments, 85 percent went to out-of-staters. That has left other states grappling with what to do when civil unions sour — and whether standard divorce laws can apply. A West Virginia family-court judge agreed to use divorce laws to dissolve a civil union there last year. But Connecticut courts dismissed the divorce case filed by Glen Rosengarten, who decided to end his 15-year relationship shortly after he and his partner got a civil union in Vermont. Dying of AIDS, Rosengarten wanted to preserve his estate for children from an earlier marriage, says his lawyer Gary I. Cohen. “He had incredible anxiety about it — he really wanted closure in his life,” Cohen says. Rosengarten appealed to the state Supreme Court, but died before the case was heard. Medical bills ate up his estate, so inheritance became a moot point, too. Without access to divorce, all the benefits gay couples get with a civil union — shared property, adoption rights, insurance — must be undone one by one. If they can’t dissolve the union, they may not be free to enter into a new union or marriage, either. “It shoves gay people into a no man’s land where they have to fight it out for themselves,” says Evan Wolfson, director of Freedom to Marry. “Because it’s not marriage, people don’t have one of the automatic protections that comes with marriage,” Gay couples can’t hope to erase the pain that comes with parting. But after last week, there’s at least a chance they may one day get a little more help when things fall apart. Comprehension 1.According to Para. 2, _____. A.both Canada and Vermont have passed same-sex marriage law B.both Canada and Vermont will not grant a divorce until the couple resides for one year C.there are About 5,000 same-sex civil unions in Vermont D.attorneys at Lambda Legal never handled any marriage problems 2.Which of the following statement is NOT true? A.Smith and Anthony established a civil union in February 2002. B.Texas would acknowledge civil union. C.One out of two Americans divorces. D.Vermont is the only state that admits same-sex marriage. 3.Which of the following statement is NOT true about Rosengarten? A.He entered a civil union Vermont. B.He was once married and had children. C.He filed for divorce and the case was dismissed by both the Connecticut court and the Supreme Court. D.His children cannot inherit his legacy because AIDS consumed his estate completely. 4.When civil unions failed, _____. A.a gay couple can not enter into a new union or marriage without being granted a divorce. B.standard divorce laws are invalid C.standard divorced laws can be used to solve the problem D.couples in Vermont can be granted divorces 5.According to the passage, which of the following benefits can gay couples get with a civil union? A.victim’s compensations rights B.worker’s compensation benefits C.family leave benefits D.adoption rights Word Study Complete each sentence with a word or phrase given below (in its appropriate form if necessary). erase fall apart legal agree tough incredible initially access financial appeal to 1.Tokyo and New York are major _____ centers. 2.She came _____ to spend a few days, but in the end she stayed for a whole month. 3.It’s _____ finding a job these days. 4.Should euthanasia be made _____? 5.He _____ to let me go home early. 6.He gave an _____ explanation of the cause of the accident. 7.She _____ the high court against her sentence. 8.Nowadays students in rural areas have _____ to the Internet. 9.She couldn’t _____ the accident from her memory. 10.Their marriage finally _____. VI.The following questions are connected to your reading course studies. Write down in English your own opinions, using 100-120 words each. Question: Write down what you think of both the problems and the benefits that can be brought to the native community, by the immigration of people of alien race, colour and religion. 英语报刊阅读练习题（一）答案I.Translate the following words into Chinese. 1. 《洛衫矶时报》《时代》《洛衫矶时报》 2. 《时代》3. 《太阳报》《太阳报》4. 《新政治家和社会》《新政治家和社会》5. （美）合众国际社（美）合众国际社6. 国土安全部长国土安全部长7. 内政部内政部8. 州议会州议会 9. 副州长副州长10. 枢密院长枢密院长 11. 国务大臣国务大臣12. 市政会市政会 13. 副领袖副领袖14. 硅谷硅谷 15. 议会民主制议会民主制16. 艾滋病艾滋病 17. （美）国家安全局（美）国家安全局 18. 阿拉伯国家联盟阿拉伯国家联盟19. （联合国）国际法院（联合国）国际法院 20. （联合国）安全理事会（联合国）安全理事会 II. Translate the following two short paragraphs. 参考译文：1. 我们也认识到美国所面临的挑战。
《英语报刊选读》复习题
Exercises on News Publications(2) I． Put the following terms into Chinese1. Weekly News2. New York Daily News3. Wall Street Journal4. San Francisco Chronicle5. Fortune6. Reader’s Digest7. Financial Times8. Morning Star9. Independent10. Boston Globe11.Guardian12. Economist13. National Geographic14. Times15. Newsweek16. Daily Star17. Spectator18. Daily Telegraph19. Family Circle20. People Weekly21. Chicago Sun-Times22. Dalas Morning News23. Business Week24. Newsweek25. Daily Star26 American Legion27. Tribune28. The Sun29. Time30. Far Eastern Economic ReviewII. Write out the full name of the following initials and put them into Chinese respectively1. VOA2. APEC3. SC(UN)4. OPEC5. UNESCO6. IMF7. EC/EU8. NATO9. WEU10. CIS11. WTO12. EP13. WIPO14. CD15. TC16. G-717. UN18. IOC19. ADB20. CE21． AL/Arab League 22． IAEA23． ICJ24． UNDC25． EFTA26． CHR 27．OECD28． UNHCR 29．World Bank 30． UNCTAD 31．NAMIII. Translate the following into Chinese1.The US is an attractive market. Its business culture, which has brought the world ―shareholder value‖and ―IPOs‖, has been leading commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.US business is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: ―If you can make it here, you can make it anywhere!‖ Yet a euphoric approach to business is by no means enough. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ruthlessly focused.Communicating is natural talent of Americans. When negotiating partners meet, the emphasis is on small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humour that is more direct than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in a relaxed way and with plenty of jokes to capture your audience’s attention.2.Graying Armies March to Defend Social Security Organized, strong and angry-lobbyists for the elderly are warning lawmakers not to tamper with their benefits.Aiming for a late-April showdown in the Senate, advocates for the elderly are waging all-out against a budget proposal that would limit cost-living increases for Social Security.The unusually intense effort--expected to cost 2 million dollars and involving thousands of volunteers—is threatening to unravel the deficit-reduction plan worked out by President Reagan and Senate Republicans. It is also providing new insights into how one emotionally charged and well-organized group can bring maximum pressure to force Congress around to its way of thinking.For weeks, defenders of the elderly have swamped congressional offices with phone calls, mil and personal visits. One effort alone, masterminded by the National Council of Citizens with the help of a private group, Villers Advocates, prompted senior citizens to send some more 800,000 postcards to Capitol Hill.Local groups also organized 200 meetings with lawmakers and their staffs during Congress’s Easter recess. They staged scores of public forums, press conferences and other events to dramatize the grievances of the elderly.3.Whatever happened to the Margaret Thatcher who was tearful and adrift, nonplused by her forced retirement from the world stage? Lately she has been jetting about to all the usual capitals, confident and assertive as ever. Last month she made a weeklong tour of South Africa, where she was feted lavishly by President F. W. de Klerk and taunted by protesters carrying signs saying SMELT THE IRON LADY. Two weeks ago she was in Moscow, and her private meeting with President Gorbachov, whom she warned about backsliding on perestroika (reform), topped the main Soviet TV evening news broadcast. Next week Thatcher travels to the United States, where she is expected to issue a spiritual defense of British national sovereignty within the European Community. September takes her to Japan, where she will lecture on the environment and Japan’srole in the world. ―To decide all that as drifting,‖ says novelist Jeffrew Archer, a former M. P. and Thatcher confident, ―takes a great deal of imagination.‖ For John Major’s six-month-old government, Thatcher’s new energy could pose some serious problems. When Thatcher travels, she speaks. When she speaks, it is not to articulate Major’s more moderate view of the path Britain should take in the 1990s. Rumors that Thatcher has grown disenchanted with Major –over his warmer attitude to Europe and his speedy demolition job on her widely loathed poll tax – have been circulating at Westminster for weeks. Last week the rumors exploded into a frontpage story in The Sunday Telegraph about a widening Thatcher-Maj or rift: ―He is grey. He has no ideas. I have been totally deceived,‖ the paper quoted Thatcher as telling an unnamed but close political ally. Thatcher promptly and publicly denounced the story as ―complete nonsense.‖ But few serious onlookers doubt those exact words,‖ said one old Thatcher ally last week. ―But I’ve heard her ex press sentiments like that.‖。
英语报刊选读A及标准答案
教学点： 年级： 班级： 姓名： 学号： 密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题《英语报刊阅读》试题（A 卷）Part Ⅰ Reconstruct the messages of the following headlines of news stories: (1% for each, 10%)Example: Italian Ex-Mayor Murdered ---An Italian Ex-Mayor Is Murdered1. ________ US ________ told not exploit ________ Tibet issue.2. Rubin ________ Greenspan ________ at odds.3. Visitors ________ flocking to Mao ’s birth place.4. ________ man ________ quizzed after ________ wife is knifed in ________ sports store.Part Ⅱ Read the following passage and answer the Questions A 5-34 (1% for each,30%) and B 35-44 (2% for each,20%)A Tuition Reform for Higher EducationChinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform in recent years. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute and important part of the reform. Schools which once admitted students almost exclusively according to state plans are becoming more accepting of students sent by work groups for further training and those who pay their own fees.Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year, up 158 200 or 25 percent over last year's figure. Of these, 216 000, or 27.4 percent, will be sent by their work groups or will pay their own way.In the past, the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students, a matter of policy since New China was established in 1949. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought a heavy burden to the sate, hindering further development of higher education. Since higher education is non —compulsory education in China, to charge appropriate fees will help improve school facilities and expedite the development of education in this stage. As an added benefit, paying their own way will encourage students to study harder.The reform will take effect in two directions. State—financed students will begin paying part of the costs of their education, and more self—paying students will be accepted.In August 1989, under the direction of the State council, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the Sate Price Bureau drew up stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuition, accommodation and other expenses for students of institutions of higher learning. Beginning from that year, freshmen at regular universities and colleges and professional schools (including cadres taking special training courses and students working on a second degree) were charged 100 yuan (about us $17) each for their tuition fee, and this low charge is expected to be raised gradually. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions such as Guangdong Province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300 yuan. Students living on campus paid about 20 yuan per year for accommodation and the charge was slightly higher for better furnishing. Normal school students and those admitted on scholarships need only pay for accommodation. Reduced tuitions and fees are available to students in need of financial assistance, but accommodation expenses will remain the same.In June 1992, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation, short—term training programs, correspondence courses and night school. These should be determined according to the needs of each school, the abilities of students to pay and general conditions in each area. The tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can range from 300 to 500 yuan per academic year. Liberal arts, history and economics students of the fine arts pay 400 to 600 yuan per year, and students of the fine arts 400 to 750 yuan. Statistics for 1992 show students paid an average of 340 yuan in tuition that year, only 5 percent of the real cost.Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of rising tuition. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidiesfrom their work units. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit students with financial difficulties.Guidelines concerning self—paying students were first set out in 1989. The State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodation and must cover their own medical expenses. The charge for each self—paying student averaged 2 000 yuan of the cost in 1992, or 30 percent of the cost. Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education is sponsored by work units, with payment coming either in part or in full from their units, are somewhat higher. Self—paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduating.Charges for correspondence courses and night school are equal to or slightly higher than those for full-time students enrolled according to the state plan.With their improvement of their living standards and the deepening of reform, people in general accept the changes in the tuition system. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuition rates will be more flexible and diversified. Student payments will be augmented by finding from the state, enterprises and funds raised from the public. Laws and regulations will by enacted to ensure steady progress, and overseas organizations and individuals are encouraged to set up and operate schools in China.--21st Century, Apr.20, 1992 Reading ComprehensionCircle the letter that best suits the answer or completes the statement.5. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees ____.A. pay an important part in the reformB. make up an important part of the reformC. include an important part of the reformD. hold an important part of the reform6. Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year ____.A. which is the same as last years figure密封线内不要答题B. which is more than last year's figure by 158 200C. which is 25 per cent over last year's figureD. both B and C7. Among 786 200 students ____ will be sent by their work groups or will pay their own way.A. 158 200B. 21 600C. 27.4 per centD. 25 per cent8. Since New China was established, all tuition and school fees for university students ____.A. Were paid by their work groupsB. Were paid by the students themselvesC. Were paid by the stateD. Were paid by the local government9. The policy which the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students ____.A. Brought lots of profits to the stateB. Was helpful to further development of higher educationC. Brought many advantages to the stateD. Brought expense and trouble to the state 10. Which statement is not true?A. To charge appropriate fees will help improve school facilitiesB. As an added benefit, paying their own way will encourage students to study harderC. Higher education is compulsory education in ChinaD. Tuition reform for higher education will take effect in two directions11. Stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuition, accommodation and other expenses for students of institutions of higher learning was drafted by ____.A. the State Education CommissionB. the State CouncilC. the universities and collegesD. the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题12. The figure on tuition fee was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions, but was ____.A. fixed at 300 yuanB. limited in 300 yuanC. over 300 yuanD. much more than 300 yuan13. Students in need of financial assistance ____. A. can get a grantB. need only pay for accommodationC.can get support from the local governmentD. can enjoy reduced tuitions and fees14. According to the stipulations made by the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau, the tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can ____.A. be changed between 300 and 500 yuan per academic yearB. be fixed at 300 or 500 yuan per yearC. be set at 400 or 600 yuan per yearD. be extended from 400 to 750 yuan per year15. The children of revolutionary martyrs in Shanghai ____. A. enjoy reduced tuition B. enjoy free charge tuition C. gain allowance from governmentD. receive subsidies from their parents work units16. Stipulations concerning self —paying students took effect in ____. A. 1989 B. 1992 C. 1990 D. 199117. Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education is sponsored by work units ____.A. are set at 2 000 yuan per yearB. are exempted 50 per cent from the whole cost of their educationC. are rather higherD. are exempted 30 percent18. Self—paying students, after their graduation, ____.A. will return to their unitsB. will be appointed to do some work by the stateC. are provided employments by the statD. are not assigned jobs by the state19. Which statement is true?A. The increases in tuition rates can not be changed easilyB. Students payment will be decreased by funding from the state and enterprisesC. Laws and regulations will be made to ensure steady progressD. People in general can't accept the change in the tuition reformVocabularyChoose the best answer to explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase.20. Chinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform in recent year____.A. WalkingB. stepC. footD. speed21. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute an important part of the reform____.A. Make upB. establishC. holdD. Complete22. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought a heavy burden to the state____.A. it brought the state expense and troubleB. it brought the state sufferingC. it made the state involve in difficultiesD. it caused the state involved in troubles23. The reform will take effect in two directions____.A. will take placeB. will come into forceC. will affectD. will have an influence24. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions such as Guangdong, province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300yuan____.A. coveredB. aboutC. overD. much more than25. This Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation____.A. decideB. fixC. put forwardD. Both A and B26. The tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can range from 300 to 500 yuan per academic year____.A. be charged between 300 and 500B. set at 300 or 500C. be decided at 300 or 500D. extend from 300 to 50027. Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of rising tuition____.A. determinedB. damageC. harmfulD. influential28. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition____.A. charges a little forB. makes free charge forC. reduces the charge forD. Both A and B29. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidies from their work units____.A. insisted onB. not enforcedC. chargedD. exempted30. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit students with financial difficulties____.密封线内不要答题A. helpB. give money toC. give profits toD. send allowance of money to31. The State Educational Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education____.A. arrangedB. advocatedC. stated clearlyD. stimulated32. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodation and must cover their own medical expenses____.A. includeB. exemptC. changeD. provide money for33. Self —paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduation____.A. After graduation the state doesn't give employments to the self —paying studentsB. After graduation, the state doesn't appoint the self —paying students to do some workC. After graduation, the self-paying students are not going to apply for jobsD. All are wrong34. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuition rates will be more flexible and diversified____.A. will be more easily bent and variousB. will be more limited and various.C. will be easily changed and in variety to adapt to new conditionsD. will be raised more than beforeB Endangered Trade(The Asian Wall Street Journal, Mar., 1999)Such is the special relationship between America and its NATO partners that while that alliance cooperates to bomb Serbian forces, the U.S. and the EU are managing a trade war against each other. Fortunately, no lives are at stake in the latter conflict. Yet if it spreads unchecked, the rest of the world is sure to feel the pain of it.密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题It's hard to decide whether the U.S. or Europe deserves the most contempt for expanding their trade war. The first fight, over bananas, is essentially a struggle between two fruit distributors with strong political connections. Now Washington and Brussels are escalatingtheir battle over beef, with European farmers stooping to science in their claims that hormone-treated American beef is unsafe.In his first term in office, President Bill Clinton teamed up with the Republicans to push major free-trade liberalizations. Now, however, he seems bent on pursuing 'level even if playing fields,'torpedoing the world economy. The latest salvo was fired this week, with the U.S. announcing it has targeted close to $1 billion of European products for 100% tariffs if the European Union doesn't drop the hormone nonsense.The move follows an earlier announcement that the U.S. administration will fight Europe's banana import regime by hitting a range of European goods with prohibitive tariffs. Add to this renewed American threats to raise the drawbridge to Russian, Japanese and Brazilian steel, as well as administration support for a congressional vote to ban Concorde flights from Europe in relation for EU threats to refuse landing rights to old-American planes retrofitted with noise reducing technology.Mr. Clinton sounded the protectionist battle cry in his January State of the Union address, where he vowed to fight for 'a freer and fairer trading system for 21st century America.' In the case of agriculture, when the respective lobbies on both sides of the Atlantic enter the fray, that translates into a sticky situation. On the whole, American farmers are major exporters. And U.S. farmers have a good case on beef hormones. But it is nonetheless dangerous for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion in trade.This is not to excuse the EU. The hormone argument is nonsense. The World Trade Organization has acknowledged as much, ordering the EU to allow imports of American meat by May 13. Brussels has responded by saying that it needs more time because European citizens, who supposedly don't like hormones in their food, would rebel against their governments if American meat suddenly appeared on their store shelves.Were it not for the high stakes involved for both producers and consumers, the argument might be amusing. When governments curtail trade the global economy shrinks and for all the jobs 'saved' by protections, there are a lot more lost. The Smoot-Hawleyagricultural protections imposed by the U.S. Congress in the late 1920s certainly contributed to the Great Depression. Mr. Clinton may believe he is fighting the good fight. But we've never thought much of the kind of war where you pose even when you win.Judge whether the following statement are True or False:35. ( ) The Trade war between the U.S. and the EU has cost no lives but is equally dangerous.36. ( ) It's very easy to decide who is to blame for expanding the trade war.37. ( ) The very beginning of the trade war suggests that it bears political significance.38. ( ) The author agrees that hormone-treated beef is harmful to one's health.39. ( ) President Bill Clinton used to be a believer of free trade, but not now.40. ( ) Level playing fields ca do good to the world economy.41. ( ) Besides its trade war with the EU, the U.S. is also in conflict with Japan, Russia and Brazil.42. ( ) The author thinks that in the case of beef, the American farmers are justified.43. ( ) The author thinks that it is a right decision for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion in trade.44. ( ) The two sides have submitted the case of beef to the WTO for settlement.for each,20%)The Rich Get Richer and ElectedBy Steven V. RobertsThe representatives newly elected in 1984 were almost four times as wealthy as thefirst-term lawmakers elected only six years before, according to a new study based one themembers’ financial reports.Behind this remarkable a swing, the study says, are two main factors: a courtdecision that outlawed limits on what candidates could give to their own campaigns,and the enormous growth in the cost of pursuing a seat in Congress. As a result, it isincreasingly difficult for candidates of modest means, particularly women, to mountsuccessful challenges to entrenched office holders.One solution, the authors contend, is a system of public financing for campaigns,but Congress seems in no mood to change the political rules any time soon.“The lower chamber is going upper class,” said Mark Green, the president of The Democracy Project, a public policy institute based in New York. “But this evolution from a House of Representatives to a House of Lords denies the diversity of our democracy. It establishes a de facto property qualification for office that increasingly says: low and middle income need not apply.”The Democracy Project produced the study in cooperation with the United States Public Interest Research Group, a similar institute situated in Washington. But their research was not entirely theoretical. In 1980 Mr. Green was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Congress in New York's 15th District, in Manhattan. The winner was Bill Green, one of the wealthiest members of Congress.Of Assets and MillionairesMembers of Congress must report their assets in broad categories, not exact numbers, so the figures in the study are not precise. But the minimum average wealth of the 43 lawmakers first elected last year was $251,292. Six years earlier, the 74 new members reported an average of only $41,358 in assets. With inflation figured in, the increase was almost 400 percent in real terms.Moreover, financial data on the class of 1978 indicated only one millionaire, William F. Clinger Jr., a Pennsylvania Republican. Last year's newcomers included 15 possible millionaires, more than a third of the entire group. Topping the list was Joseph J. Dioguardi, a Westchester Republican, who listed assets of $1 million to $2.46 million.The main reason for the change, Mr. Green maintains, is the Supreme Court decision of 1976 in the case of Buckley V. Valeo. In that case, the Court ruled that limits mandated by Congress on the amount a candidate could give to his or her own campaign were an unconstitutional abridgment of individual rights. At the same time, the Court upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.“Quite naturally”, Mr. Green said, “this puts a premium on personal wealth.The 43 Representatives newly elected in 1984 spent an average of $459,344; of that, $50,329 was their own money in an average case. Eight of the 43 spent more密封线内不要答题than $100,000 in personal funds but the clear leader was Tommy F. Robinson, an Arkansas Democrat, who contributed $441, 167 to his own campaign. Mr. DioGuardi was next with a personal donation of $210,000.The Senate Puts an even higher premium on wealth. Last year the average candidate for the Senate spent $2 million, and the roster of millionaires in the Senate is steadily growing.The second factor putting a premium on personal wealth, Mr. Green argues, is the rapid rise of political action committees. They tend to favor incumbents with their campaign contributions, and a result, Mr. Green says, is that it takes a wealthy challenger to make a race of things.One apparent effect is the obstacle this poses for women who run for Congress. While women in rapidly rising numbers are capturing local and state offices, their representation on the national level has stayed static. The class of 1984 included only two women: Helen D. Bentley of Maryland and Jan Meyers of Kansas, both Republicans.“It is largely men who control wealth in America,” Mr. Green said, “and if wealth is a major variable in political success, that automatically means more men will run and win.”Fred Wertheimer, president of Common Cause, the public affairs lobby that , if you're not personally wealthy, and you're not willing to indebt yourself to the PAC's, you face an uphill struggle just to get your message on the table.The authors of the study argue that some form of public financing for campaigns should be instituted. “Competition for public office should be based more upon merit than money,” asserted Gene Karpinski, executive director of the public interest research group.Mr. Wertheimer argues that “members of Congress know they have a national scandal on their hands ” and are willing to consider public financing, or at least a total limit on PAC contributions. But the chances for change in the current system remain decidedly poor.Obviously the current occupants of Capitol Hill have kept their seats under the present rules, which clearly favor incumbents. Accordingly, Mr. Green maintains, Congress is still probably “several scandals away ” from a serious push to change the campaign system.密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题(From The New York Times, September 24, 1985)45. Why has the House of Representatives been changing into a rich man's club or a House of Lords?46. In what way did the Court decision favor the wealthy candidates?47. Are women far behind men in getting Congressional offices? Please give an example for your answer.48. What role do political action committees play in a campaign for public office? 49. According to the author of the study, on what basis should the political race for public office be placed?Part Ⅵ Translate the following into Chinese .(20%)How to negotiateThe US is an attractive market. Its business culture, which has brought the world “shareholder value ” and “IPOs ”, has been leading commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.US business is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: “If you can make it here, you can make it anywhere!” Yet a euphoric approach to business is by no means enough. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ruthlessly focused.Communicating is natural talent of Americans. When negotiating partners meet, the emphasis is on small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humour that is more direct than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in a relaxed way and with plenty of jokes to capture your audience's attention.《英语报刊阅读》试卷（A 卷参考答案）Part Ⅰ Reconstruct the messages of the following headlines of news stories: (1% for each, 10%) 1、The is the 2、and are3、are4、A is his aPart ⅡRead the following passage and answer the Questions A 5-34 (1% for each,30 %) and B 35-44 (2% for each,20%)A:5～9 BDCCD 10～14 CDBDA 15～19 BACDC20～24 DAABA 25～39 BACBD 30～34 ACDBCB:35～39 TFTFT 40～44 FTTFTPart ⅢRead the following passage and answer Questions 45～49 (4% for each,20%) 45. Because the House of Representatives is largely composed of wealthy men, and they get elected not on their merit, but on their money.46. The court decision outlawed limits on the amount that a candidate could give to his own campaign. At the same time it upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.47. Yes. Take the Congressional election in 1984 for example, only two women got elected.48. They play a very important role to help officeholders to get re-elected with campaign contributions.49. Some form of public financing should be taken. Competition for public office should be based more on merit than money.Part ⅣTranslate the following into Chinese .(20%)美国是一个有吸引力的市场。
英语报刊选读考试样题(2)
英语报刊选读考试样题(2)
英语报纸和杂志是学习英语的重要资源。
它们为读者提供了丰富多样的信息和观点，帮助人们提高英语阅读和理解能力。
在这篇文章中，我将介绍一些英语报刊选读考试的样题。
英语报刊选读考试的样题通常包括阅读理解和相关的练习题。
这些题目旨在测试考生对英语文章的理解和分析能力，以及对语法和词汇的运用。
一个阅读理解样题可以是一篇短文或一篇有关某个话题的文章。
考生需要仔细阅读文章，并回答一些与文章内容相关的问题。
这些问题可能涉及主旨、细节、推理、隐含意义等方面。
考生需要基于对文章的理解和推理，选择正确的答案。
另一个样题可能要求考生根据某个句子的上下文，选择合适的词或短语填空。
这样的题目旨在考察考生对词汇和语法的掌握。
考生需要根据上下文的意思和句子的语法结构，选择最合适的选项来填空。
有些样题要求考生对文章中的观点或论据进行分析和评价。
考生需要根据自己的理解和观点，回答相关的问题。
这些题目旨在帮助考生培养批判性思维和分析问题的能力。
在备考英语报刊选读考试时，考生应该多读英语文章，特别是和考试中常见话题相关的文章。
可以通过阅读英语报纸和杂志，或使用在线学习资源来进行训练。
此外，考生还应该多做一些练习题，加强对文章的理解和分析能力。
总之，英语报刊选读考试是一个测试考生对英语文章理解和分析能力的重要环节。
通过多读英语文章和做练习题，考生可以提高自己的阅读和理解能力，为考试做好准备。
英语报刊选读考试样题(2)参考答案及评分细则
湖南广播电视大学开放教育期末考试英语报刊选读考试样题（2）参考答案及评分细则I. Translate the following into Chinese: (20小题，每题2分，共40分)1. International Monetary Fund (IMF) 国际货币基金组织2. United Nations Economic Council 联合国经济理事会3. World Trade Organization (WTO) 世界贸易组织4. European Union 欧洲联盟/欧盟5. Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) 上海合作组织6. the Common Wealth 英联邦7. Group of Eight (G8) 八国集团8. The Times 泰晤士报9. The Guardian 卫报10. Financial Times 金融时报11. The Economist 经济学人12. Washington Post 华盛顿邮报13. News Week 《新闻周刊》14. Reader’s Digest 《读者文摘》15. Fortune 《财富》杂志16. financial crisis 金融危机17. political asylum 政治庇护（避难）18. Downing Street 唐宁街（英国首相府邸），英国政府19. Foreign Secretary 外交大臣20. the House of Lords 上议院Part II. Read the following news and choose the best answer. (5小题，每题2分，共10分) 21. A 22.C 23.C 24.D 25. BPart III. Answer the questions according to the report: (5小题，每题5分，共25分)26. What does the underlined phrase “Triple-digit oil prices” in Paragraph 1 mean?It means that the oil prices have reached or surpassed $100 per barrel.27.Which country is the largest oil consumer in the world?The U.S. is the largest oil consumer in the world.28. What does the underlined word ascent in Paragraph 4 mean?It means rise or growth.29. Why do economists and other market watchers anticipate that the oil prices will not collapse?It is partly because the global economy is stronger, but also because the increases have been gradual.30. How much does OPEC control the world’s oil output?OPEC controls about a third of the world’s oil output.评分说明：第三部分为阅读新闻报道并回答问题，共5题，每题5分，共25分。
英语报刊文章选读期末试题 A卷
内蒙古大学本科通识教育公共选修课之《英语报刊文章选读》期末考试试题（A卷）序号_______学号____________姓名___________专业__________ 年级________ 补考标记□（请把答案写在答题纸上,写在试卷上无效）I. Reading comprehension. (20%)How McNuggets Changed The WorldThe story of fast food: Yes, you are what you eat By Amanda SpakeFed up with carhops, broken glassware, and rowdy teenage customers, Richard and Maurice McDonald opened McDonald’s restaurant in 1948 at the site of the former San Bernardino drive-in. To attract families driving California’s new freeways, they topped their building with eye-catching golden neon arches.Hamburgers, cheese-burgers, French fries, milkshakes, and sodas, sold in paper wrappers and cups, were the only menu items. Each 15-cent burger came with ketchup, onions, mustard, and two pickles, and food preparation was driven into simple, repetitive tasks. One worker grilled burgers, another put on condiments, one wrapped food, one made fries and shakes, others took orders. With the principles of the assembly line added to the commercial kitchen, fast food was born, and with it a new way of life.“Fast food has had an enormous impact not only on our eating habits but on our economy, our culture, and our values,” says Eric Schlosser, author of Fast Food Nation, out this month. On any given day, about one quarter of U.S. adults visit a fast-food restaurant. The typical American now eats three hamburgers and four orders of French fries each week. Thirty years ago Americans spent about $ 6 billion on fast food; in 2000 they spent over $ 110 billion, more than on higher education, personal computers, or new cars.Let’s eat!McDonald’s, of course, primarily owes its success to Ray Kroc, who showed up at the Speedee Service selling milkshake mixing machines in 1954.Kroc had a vision: a McDonald’s at every corner in every town in America. Soon, he made a deal to franchise the eateries. Low labor costs became his key to keeping prices down. “McDonald’s pioneered a sector of service employment — part-time, low-wage jobs, offering no benefits,”says Schlosser. Today fast food workers typically quit or get fired every three to four months. The industry pays most of them minimum wage, and companies benefit from federal programs that reward them for creating jobs for the poor. “American taxpayers in effect subsidize the industry’s high turnover rate,” Schlosser adds.In more recent years, success has come from innovations like the “Chicken1《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第 1 页共9 页McNugget,”created by a chicken processor at McDonald’s request. Made from pieces of reconstituted chicken breast that are held together by stabilizers, breaded, fried, frozen, and then reheated, McNuggets were introduced in 1983. They became widely popular among young children and those adults who believe them to be healthier than burgers. ( In fact, McNuggets contain twice as much fat per ounce as hamburgers and are fried in hydrogenated vegetable oils containing high amounts of trans fatty acids, a culprit behind heart disease. )Even apart from the McNugget, fast food’s most clever marketing has been to kids. Every month, 90 percent of American 3-to-9-year-olds go to a Mc Donald’s. The company mascot, Ronald McDonald, is more recognizable to youngsters than any character except Santa Claus. Many chains have tie-ins with Disney, Fox, and sport leagues, but McDonald’s 1997 promotion of the Teenie Beanie Baby, fee with each Happy Meals, is a classic. In 1997, McDonald’s was selling about 10 million Happy Meals per week. Over a 10-day period, sales of Happy Meals with Teenie Beanie Babies, aimed at 3-to-8-year-olds, jumped to 100 million per week.Still, it may only be a matter of time before consumers force fast-food chains to tame their marketing talents and come up with healthier recipes, says Schlosser, who believes promoting fast food to kids should be banned like cigarette advertising. “Obesity is second after smoking as the leading cause of deadly illness,” he says, “ and childhood obesity is rising.” He points to In-N-Out Burger, a small California-based chain, as a sign of the future. The chain used fresh ingredients and healthy oils for frying, “and they treat workers well,”Schlosser adds. And as at McDonald’s 50 years ago, the lines outside In-N-Out burger grow longer every day.Questions 1—8 are based on the passage you have just read.1. Among the four items of personal computers, higher education, fast food and new cars, the spending on was the highest in the U.S.A. in 2000.A. personal computersB. higher educationC. fast foodD. new cars2. McNuggets was introduced into U.S.A. in .A. 1985B. 1990C. 2000D. 19833. The author considers as a culprit behind heart disease.A. trans fatty acidsB. smokingC. fast-paced lifeD. drinking4. is believed to be the mascot of McDonald’s.A. Mickey MouseB. Santa ClausC. Teenie Beanie BabiesD. Ronald McDonald5. How did fast food come into being?6. What impact has fast food produced on Americans?2《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第 2 页共9 页7. What are the factors of McDonald’s success?8. Why does Schlosser believe that fast food should be banned to children? II. Choose the best answers. (30%)9. What is not one of the functions of newspaper headlines?A.Summarizing the story.B.Beautifying the newspaper page.C.Indicating how much importance each news item has.D.Indicating on which page the news item is.10. “Supreme CourtRejects BushTerror Powers”The above headline is a .A.Flush-left headline.B.Drop or step form.C.Inverted pyramid form.D.Centered headline.11. “Nightmare for MajorIn tragedy ofTony high flier”The above headline is a .A.Flush-left headline.B.Drop or step form.C.Inverted pyramid form.D.Centered headline.12.“Nato to press on with attackAircraft and artillery blast Serbs in allies’ fiercest onslaught”The above underlined headline is called .A. strap lineB. sub-headlineC. news leadD. news summary13.“Defiant president to seek support from CongressSupreme court rejects Bush terror powers”The above underlined headline is called .A. strap lineB. sun-headlineC. news leadD. news summary14. What punctuation mark is usually not used in a headline?A. Comma.B. Quotation marks.C. Period or full stop.D. Colon.15. What kind of news lead is usually preferred for hard news?A.Direct news lead.B. Delayed news lead.C. Positive news lead.D. Negative news lead.16. The structure of a news story is usually .3《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第 3 页共9 页A. longB. logicalC. illogicalD. loose17. During nearly nine years with the company, Ms Galle has turned down job offers with higher pay.A. moved aroundB. refusedC. objectedD. shown18. The study found that more than 70 percent of the workers, born between 1964 and 1975, rated companionship, a loving family and enjoying life as extremely important.A. calculatedB. set a rateC. rankedD. listed19. Among workers of all ages, the number who said they were likely to leave fell to 42 percent in the October survey from 50 percent in 1999.A. began toB. broke downC. brought down toD. decreased20. While Generation X came of age during the country’s longest economic boom…A.came into beingB. became adultC. became agedD. came out of21. Congress might want to enact some of its own, which could entail a constitutional change.A. increaseB. decreaseC. make…necessaryD. rank22. Although appointed by governors and presidents, judges are by and large governed by the rule of law.A. in generalB. in as much asC. in thatD. in and out23. Maybe then we’ll look back at Campaign 2000 as a minor electoral glitch.A.false informationB. journalC. small problemD. journalist24. And we’ll all be better off if we don’t sweep our problems under the rug.A.sweep the problemsB. clean the problemsC. get rid off the problemsD. cover up problems25. As this issue was going to press, we still didn’t know the outcome of the election…A.the press conferenceB. be publishedC. stressD. be permitted26. Many Americans were surprised—and foreigners shocked—that a presidential election would be governed by state law and administered by lowly county officials.A.controlledB. gone along withC. got to knowD. achieved27. Most other democracies around the world have not just consistent standards, but national commissions and specific regulations governing close elections.A. going along withB. handlingC. achievingD. surpassing28. All relationships can have rough patches.A.end up divorceB. end up marriage4《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第 4 页共9 页C. experience happinessD. experience difficulties29. It made me feel like I wasn’t important in the relationship, like I was at the end of the line.A.at the end of the bottom lineB. the last important person to himC. at the other sideD. the last person to him30. It takes commitment, but it can and does happen.A.promiseB. accomplishmentC. committeeD. achievement31. A North St. Paul, Minn., couple used to regularly blow up at each other and say things calculated to hurt.A.explodeB. blow offC. fightD. lose one’s temper32. …and the pressure of adapting to each other and dealing with stepchildren caused major rows.A. problemsB. issuesC. quarrelsD. contradictions33. New Yorker are spreading their blankets and kicking off their workday shoes to relish the romance of open-air cinema again.A.realizeB. enjoyC. make…come trueD. promote34. What is singular about open-air cinema in New York City is the sheer scope of offerings.A.singleB. unusualC. strangeD. singable35. “There’s French fries and ketchup,” her pal, Dawn Brighid, 32, chimed in.A.said something in agreementB. took inC. looked atD. blew in36. With a combination of giant corporate sponsors and community-minded pluck,a surfeit of arts institutions eager to organize summertime screenings.A.respectB. homageC. shelterD. courage37. In her corner of the park, the crowd was engrossed in the dark twists of “Metropolis”.A.black-coloredB. mysterious- atmospheredC. dark-facedD. black-lettered38. …a surfeit of arts institutions eager to organize summertime screenings and movie buffs eager to watch the most deliciously arcane film.A.movie fansB. movie theatresC. movie-goersD. moving picturesII. Translate the following phrases into Chinese. (30%)39. Generation Xers 40. job loyalty 41. job-hopping42. job insecurities 43. release a study 44 carry out a survey45. an economic downturn 46. dot-com revolution 47. a recruiting firm48. human capital 49. electoral system 50. behind-the-scenes story5《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第 5 页共9 页51. eliminate the Electoral College 52. crisis-proof your marriage53. drag up past transgressions 54. withdraw into oneself55. take a low-paying job 56. dual-income couple 57. clinical depression 58. put one’s marriage on the back burner 59. develop irreparable breaches 60. speak one’s mind 61. drive-in movie theatre 62. executive director63. home-grown film 64. cult film 65. feature attraction66. B-movies 67. hiss at the bad guy 68. a selling pointIII. Translate the following sentences into English. (10%):69.Still, Catalyst and other research organizations that have studied Generation X caution that this age group has high demands for employers that, if not met, could prompt employees to depart, downturn or no.70. The Marshall Plan and the occupation of Japan were devoted to building democracy amid the wreckage of World War II, and postwar foreign policy has been driven, in part, by advancing democratic values.71. The system has a high error rate and leaves those troublesome and now infamous “chad”—little bits of paper that don’t detach and confuse the card-counting machine about the true nature of the vote.72. It’s helpful to have a therapist’s objective point of view because, typically, each person just sees what the other person is doing, not how he or she is contributing to the problem.73. The Grand Poobah of outdoor cinema in New York City is, of course, the Monday night series at Bryant Park, which began nine years ago and is so popular that grabbing a spot means showing up hours in advance.IV. Answer the following questions. (10%)74. What are the main features of English newspaper headlines?75. What are the main stylistic features of English newspaper article?6《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第 6 页共9 页内蒙古大学本科通识教育公共选修课之《英语报刊文章选读》期末考试试题（A卷）序号_______学号____________姓名___________专业__________ 年级________（请把答案写在答题纸上,写在试卷上无效）Answer SheetI. Reading Comprehension. (20%)1. A. B. C. D.2. A. B. C. D.3. A. B. C. D.4. A. B. C. D.5.6.7.8.II. Choose the best answers. (30%)7《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第7 页共9 页9. A. B. C. D. 10. A. B. C. D.11.A B. C. D. 12. A. B. C. D.13.A. B. C. D. 14. A. B. C. D.15.A. B. C. D. 16. A. B. C. D.17.A. B. C. D. 18. A. B. C. D.19.A. B. C. D. 20. A. B. C. D.21.A. B. C. D. 22. A. B. C. D.23.A. B. C. D. 24. A. B. C. D.25.A. B. C. D. 26. A. B. C. D.27.A. B. C. D. 28. A. B. C. D.29.A. B. C. D. 30. A. B. C. D.31.A. B. C. D. 32. A. B. C. D.33.A. B. C. D. 34. A. B. C. D.35.A. B. C. D. 36. A. B. C. D.37.A. B. C. D. 38. A. B. C. D. III. Translate the following phrases into Chinese. (30%)39. 40.41. 42.43. 44.45. 46.47. 48.49. 50.51. 52.53. 54.55. 56.57. 58.59. 60.61. 62.63. 64.65. 66.67. 68.IV. Translate the following sentences. (10%)69.8《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第8 页共9 页70.71.72.73.V. Answer the following questions. (10%)74.75.9《英语报刊文章选读》（A卷）第9 页共9 页。
英语报刊选读试题
1. What is news? What are some categories of news?A folk definition:News is something that you haven’t heard before;news is what editors and reporters say it is.A more accurate definition:News is information that is published in mass media about recent events in the country or world or in a particular area of activity.In terms of style: spot news, news features, etc.In terms of nature: political, economic, sports, cultural, etc.In terms of area: international, domestic, local, etc.In terms of timeliness: hard news Vs soft news.2. What is news value? What are some basic elements of news value? News value refers to the importance of the facts and details in the news that can satisfy the public’s interest in news. Public interest means the degree of attention the readers pay to the news reports.Basic elements:Timeliness: Freshness strengthens a new story.Proximity: Close-to-home events naturally are of interest to media outlets. Conflict: Whether it revolves people, governmental bodies, or sports teams, conflict is considered newsworthy.Eminence or prominence: Some happening simply are more newsworthy when well-known people are involved.Consequence or impact: Media give prominent play to these.Human interest: Human interest stories often appeal to the emotions of readers, pulling them into the lives of others or into subjects of broad concern.3. What are the functions of newspaper?1. To inform, giving readers the latest news. The dissemination of information must be objective, as far as possible without some sort of perspective; information must be accurate, can’t spread the information that listening to or the first second-hand materials; message should be as complete as possible, or keep up after the development.2. To influence. Newspaper articles or news on the general public has a great influence on the editorial or commentary point of view, it can be something about the public's view.3. To entertain. Newspapers can have on the entertainment pages. You can also publish comic books, comic strips, and even novels, essays and so on. These are for people to read tea recreational.4. To advertise. Advertising In addition to timely delivery of a variety of information, but more importantly, for the newspaper to bring economic revenue.4. What are the features of a front page in a newspaper?(1). A lead storythe most important political, economic and/or military event, sometimes accompanied by a relevant photo.(2). News index or briefon the side or bottom part of the front page.(3). The headlinesbrief but impactive (How to achieve this goal?)(4). Often with few or even no advertisements5. What are the features of headlines in Lexis, Grammar and Rhetoric? Lexical:Small words and abbreviations instead of big, complete ones;Choice of words in headlines — style and purpose.Grammatical:Omission of link verbs such as BE;Infinitives for future events; Phrases as headlines;Present tense for past events;Pre-modification Rhetorical:Parody (仿拟):Temporary transformation allusions, proverbs, famous sayings;Metaphor (隐喻)6. How do news magazines differ from newspaper in layout and news coverage?Articles in a magazine do not merely tell the readers 5ws but provide them with a perfect taste of an art of language. Many narrative and delayed leads, detailed descriptions and the consequences of the events are offered in an article of magazine, accompanied by captions and photos and titles. Every issue has fixed columns. Cover story is the most import news item in a magazine.The news magazines usually have larger space, longer time interval to report more specifically(details), and print eye-catching photos of each article, fixed section.7. What is news lead? What are direct lead and delayed lead?News leads ——the first a few paragraphs which indicate the five Ws and an H (WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY, HOW ) of the news story.Direct leadA direct lead tells readers the most important aspect of the story (the five Ws) in a direct and stra ightforward way, and is often used in “hard news” . Delayed leadDelayed lead A delayed lead attracts readers by hinting the content of the story. It is usually found in news features and other “soft stories” that put more emphasis on human interest rather than timeliness of an event.A delayed lead usually sets a scene or evokes a mood with an incident, anecdote, or example.8. What is the body structure of a news story? What are advantages of it? Inverted pyramid (also called “inverted triangle”)—— the most important aspect of a story is higher up in the body of the story, while other information is written lower down in order of importance. Advantages:1. Easy for journalists to write, since the structure is clear.2. Easy for editors to modify, since the lower parts are less important thuscan be readily cut off if necessary.3. Easy for readers to grasp the main idea and decide whether to read on--- time is money!9. What are the difference between tabloids and broadsheets? (at first four aspects)Tabloids：①Headlines are typed in bold print and may extend across the whole page. They are often capitalized. ②Paragraphs are usually only a few lines long. ③The typographical features are very varied: the first paragraph uses larger print and is often bold; the second paragraph is slightly smaller, the third paragraph uses standard print size. Initial letters are usually large.④Punctuation is used sparingly. Commas are often omitted after initialadverbials and between strings of adjectives. Inverted commas are used to mark direct speech and to highlight key words.Broadsheets:①Headlines usually only extend over two columns, the print tends to besmaller. Front page headlines, however, are sometimes an exception.②Paragraphs are longer so the reader has to concentrate for longer periods oftime.③The typographical features are more standard. The same size of print isused throughout except for headlines, strap lines and sub-headlines.④Punctuation is used traditionally and more formally than in tabloids. Dashesare less frequent.10. What are the main functions of mass communication for society?⑴.Surveillance: facts and data;⑵. Interpretation: information on the ultimate meaning and significance of news events;⑶. Transmission of values: The mass media present portrayals of our society and by;⑷. Diversion: ①seeking relief from boredom or the routine activities of everyday life; ②relaxation or escape from the pressures and problems of day to day existence; ③emotional release of pent-up emotions and energy⑸. Linkage: the media function that addresses our need to strengthen our contact with family, friends, and others in our society.11. How to deal with new words in reading newspapers and magazines?⑴. Try to find some help from the author⑵. Try to find some help from word formation⑶. Try to find some help from context and common knowledge12. What is communication? What are the forms of communication? Communication:the process of sharing ideas, information, and messages with others in a particular time and place.Forms of communication:verbal communication, nonverbal communication, visual communication, electronic communication.13. What is the code of ethics for journalists?①Responsibility: Journalists should not use their professional status as representatives of the public for selfish or other unworthy motives.②Freedom of the press: Journalists should be free from government control or censorship.③Accuracy and objectivity: truth is the ultimate goal, objectivity in reporting the news is another goal.14. What is journalism? What does the study of journalism include?In a narrow sense, journalism is the collection and periodical publishing of news. It includes writing for, editing, and managing such media as the newspaper and the periodical. In other words, it means gathering, evaluating, and disseminating facts of current interest.In a broad sense, journalism is the gathering and transmission of news, business management of journals, and advertising in all its phases. And following the advent of radio and television, there was trend toward including all communication dealing with current affairs in the term of journalism.15. What is the definition of news agency? What are the major news agencies in America and Britain?News agencies are organizations that collect, transmit, and distribute news to newspapers, periodicals, television, radio, and other journalistic and mass communications media.America: the Associated Press (AP)美联社; the United Press International (UPI)Britain: Reuters 路透社16. What are the benefits obtained via appreciating the language of English news?Some benefits ——⑴.Acquire latest information (90%)⑵.Understand the fundamentals of English journalism⑶.Know about the different styles of English newspapers and magazines⑷.Improve one’s English competence17. What is privacy? What actions can be regarded as invasion of privacy?Privacy: The right of the individual to be protected against intrusion into his personal life or affairs, or those of his family, by direct physical means or by publication of information.①A TV news crew hiding in a van outside your room and secretly taping your activities while you were inside.(But it’s a different story for public figures such as superstar and politicians.)②A newspaper publishing private medical records that a person has a dreadful disease.18. Give a brief account of the general communication process.The sources encode information and send it to the receivers through the channel, during this process the information will become a message with some noises. The receivers decode the message to get the information and then may become new sources.19. What is Yellow Journalism?Yellow Journalism, in short, is biased opinion masquerading as objective fact. Moreover, the practice of yellow journalism involved sensationalism, distorted stories, and misleading images for the sole purpose of boosting newspaper sales and exciting public opinion. It was particularly indicative of two papers founded and popularized in USA in the late 19th century:The New York World -- J. Pulitzer and The New York Journal -- W. R. Hearst.20. What is hard news? What is soft news? How to distinguish between them?Hard news generally refers to up-to-the-minute news and events that are reported promptly.Soft news is background information or human-interest stories, which appeal to people’s curiosity, sympathy, skepticism, or amazement.H v S:1. Difference in the subject matterPolitics, war, economics and crime used to be considered hard news, while arts, entertainment and lifestyles were considered soft news.②The tone of presentationA hard news story takes a factual approach: What happened? Who was involved? Where and When did it happen? Why?A soft news story tries instead to entertain or advise the reader. You may have come across newspaper or TV stori es that promised “News you will use”.。
英语报刊选读练习题
英语报刊选读练习题IntroductionWith the increasing complexity and globalization of our world, it has become essential for individuals to develop strong English language skills. Reading English newspapers and magazines is an effective way to improve language proficiency and keep up with current affairs. In this article, we present a selection of exercises based on English newspaper articles, providing readers with an opportunity to practice their reading comprehension skills while gaining valuable knowledge.Exercise 1: Multiple ChoiceRead the following short news article and choose the correct answer from the options provided:[News Article]Title: "World Leaders Gather for Climate Summit"Date: October 15, 2022World leaders from over 100 countries are convening in New York today for the highly anticipated Global Climate Summit. The summit aims to address the urgent issue of climate change and explore solutions to reduce carbon emissions. Key topics on the agenda include renewable energy strategies, international cooperation, and environmental policies.Question:1. What is the purpose of the Global Climate Summit?A. To discuss strategies for reducing carbon emissionsB. To address environmental policies in New YorkC. To promote cooperation between world leadersD. To explore solutions for energy conservationAnswer: AExercise 2: Fill in the BlanksComplete the following article by filling in the blanks with the appropriate words from the given options:[Article]Title: "New Study Reveals Benefits of Exercise for Mental Health"According to a recent (1)_______ conducted by the University of London, regular physical exercise is closely linked to improved mental well-being. The study involved over 1,000 participants and found that those who engaged in exercise at least three times a week reported lower levels of stress and (2)_______ symptoms.The researchers emphasized that the type of exercise doesn't necessarily matter as long as it is done (3)_______. Activities such as walking, cycling, or even gardening have been shown to have positive effects on mental health. Experts recommend finding an activity that one enjoys to increase the likelihood of (4)_______ the exercise routine.(5)_______, it is important to note that exercise alone does not replace professional treatments for mental health conditions. However, incorporatingregular physical activity into one's lifestyle can serve as a (6)_______ that complements existing therapies.1. A. investigation B. examination C. survey D. research2. A. palpable B. evident C. glaring D. obvious3. A. rhythmically B. periodically C. consistently D. regularly4. A. maintaining B. retaining C. sustaining D. upholding5. A. On the other hand B. Therefore C. Additionally D. Nonetheless6. A. supplement B. substitute C. substitute D. complementAnswers:1. D2. B3. C4. A5. C6. DExercise 3: True or FalseRead the newspaper excerpt below and determine whether the statements are true or false:[News Excerpt]Title: "New Technology Revolutionizes Food Delivery"A breakthrough in autonomous vehicle technology is set to revolutionize the food delivery industry. Self-driving cars equipped with cutting-edge software will soon deliver food orders directly to customers' homes. The technology aims to reduce delivery time and increase efficiency.Statements:1. Autonomous vehicle technology is expected to transform food delivery. (True/False)2. Self-driving cars will only deliver food to restaurants. (True/False)3. The primary objective of the technology is to improve delivery efficiency. (True/False)Answers:1. True2. False3. TrueConclusionEngaging in regular reading exercises based on English newspaper articles can significantly enhance one's language skills and broaden their understanding of current events. By practicing multiple-choice questions,fill-in-the-blanks exercises, and true/false statements, readers can improve their reading comprehension abilities while staying informed about a variety of topics. So, pick up a newspaper or magazine and start practicing!。
英语报刊选读试题1
英语报刊选读试题 1I. Translate the following into Chinese. (5 points for each; 30 points in total)1. Ms. Stuart says her experience with online learing was wonderful but also served to challenge one of the false ideas about Internet study: the notion that it do esn’t require as much commitment and discipline as conventional classroom courses. If anything, Stuart believes she works harder than most traditional on-site students. She says she can provide firsthand evidence that the idea that distance learning is easy is a misconception.2. The cover story of this winter’s alumni bulletin, which was designed partly by the University of California’s government relations office in Washington, was also a shrewd ploy to cement relations with Jerry Lewis, who is a key member of the House Appropriations Committee.3. Individual professors and college administrators have also been increasing their political donations, according to the Center for Responsive Politics. Gifts by university employees to presidential candidates totaled more than ＄2.4 million in the first three quarters of 2003, according to the center. The leading recipient was HowardDean, who collected ＄719, 000, and close behind was George W. Bush, who received ＄680, 000.4. In effect, the Bush doctrine establishes two classes of sovereignties: the sovereignty of the United States, which takes precedence over international treaties and obligations; and the sovereignty of all other countries, which is subject to the will of the United States. This is reminiscent of Geo rge Orwell’s Animal Farm: all animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.5. Colleges and universities still shy away from organized political fundraising and campaign advertising –the stock in trade of modern lobbying. Nonprofit status or state laws prohibit many of them from engaging in it.6. Don Wise wandered into the living room of his home in Leewood one evening last Semptember. His ten-year-old son, Mike, and a 12-year- old friend were sitting in front of a large-screen television set. They were playing a vedio game they had rented called 007.II. Read the passage and choose the right answer to each question.（5 points for each; 20 points in total）Campaign strategists have agreed to focus on the Senate, where leaders hope to complete work on the budget package by May 1. “We felt that if the Senate defeated the proposal, it would not even come up in the House,” says John Rother, legislative director for the 18-million-member American Association of Retired persons.Targeted mainly are Republicans, who control the Senate, with particular emphasis on the 21 who face re-election next year. The next election looms l arge in the lobbyists’ strategy. “We shall not forget if Congress behaves in an unfriendly fashion to the senior citizens of the United States,” warns Jacob Clay man, president of the NCSC, which represents 4.5 million persons. “We shall remember—and 1986 is just around the corner.”Eric Shulman, legislative director for the NCSC, explains: “Those up for reelection will have their ears closest to the ground—and we are making as much of a rumble as we can. We see this issue being won or lost not in Washington but out in the countryside.” Adds Arthur Flemming, former U. S. commissioner on aging and now a lobbyist for the elderly:” “It’s the grass roots that convey the message most effectively.”1．In the sentence“…… where leaders hope to complete… ,”leaders refer to .A．House leaders B．floor leadersC．Congressional D．Senate leaders2．In the sentence “… it would not even come up in the House …,”the House ref ers to .A．the House of CommonsB．the House of RepresentativesC．the House of LordsD．the Senate3．Why does the author say, “Targarted mainly are Republicans who cantrol the Senate …?”It is .A．so said because the Democrats hold more seats in the SenateB．so said because the Republicans hold more seats in the SenateC．so said because the Republicans hold fewer seats in the SenateD．so said because the Republicans Party holds more congressional seats4．In the sentence “It’s the gras s roots that convey the message most effectively,”grass roots refer to .A．ordinary citizens or voters B．basic structuresC．politicians D．CongressmenIII．Read the following and answer questions.（10 points for each; 50 points in total）Blacks’ history in America (1660—1860)American Blacks are without doubt all of African origin. The first group of 20 Blacks sold to English settlers of Virginia in 1619 were brought in by a Dutch ship. From that time to the mid-19th century, some 14 million blacks were transported from West Africa to Virginia and other southern colonies of the New World. Almost all of themwere sold into slavery and subjected to white rule. Not only would they work for their masters as slaves for life but their descendants would also become slaves the moment they were born.Of course no person would have voluntarily chosen to be sold away from his native country. He was either sold by his own rulers or captured by white slave traders as portrayed in Alex Hale y’s noval Roots. Some of the details in Haley’s story were similar to those in other books. The kidnapping of slaves and their miserable life under the supervision of slave owners and overseers existed and the conditions on the voyage from Africa to Americ a were horrible. The slaves’ bodies were bound together and their limbs either tied or chained with shackles like Kunta, an important character in Roots. The air in the holds was filthy with the smell of sweat, vormit and body waste. When they caught infections diseases, many slaves died on the voyage. Some even died of flogging or starvation. It was said that only about half slaves could survive the voyage. Though some survived, the fate of those survivors was no better than being sold at auction like animals.After 1700, a large number of Africans arrived in America. In the first half of the century, they made up 20 percent of the colonial population. Many of them were in the southern colonies. They worked either on plantations or in houses. Then in 1793, the invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney resulted in a new demand for more slaves as it provided an inexpensive method of separating cotton seeds from fibres. With the increase in cotton acreage, slavery persisted in the South and became the foundation of its economy.Slavery was anyhow a moral evil. It was inhuman and was also an institution restricting the development of industry. Many people, mostly people in the North desired an immediate end to the evil institution so that they would be able to develop industry. Some assumed that the only way to solve the problem was to ship all Blacks back to Africa. With the aid of such leading figures as James Monroe (president), John Marshall (Supreme Court justice), Henry Clay and Daniel Webster (senators),t hey established the American Colonization Society in the 1820’s. This organization was finally successful in getting some land in West Africa for those willing to go back home, thus forming the new nation: the Republic of Liberia, the place of freedom. They named its capital Monrovia after the U. S. president at the time. However, the resettlement policy did little to solve the dilemma. No more than 15,000 Blacks returned to Africa between 1821 and 1860; most of the others preferred to stay in the places they had been born. Those rejecting the policy of being sent home claimed American citizenship on the ground that they were Americans by birth so that they were entitled to the rights set forth in the Declaration of independence.Questions:1．How did the first group of Blacks arrive in America?2．Describe the voyage to America for the slaves on the ship.3．Where did many of the slaves settle? why ?4．What solution did President Monroe propose to solve the problem of slavery? 5．What does the Republic of Liberia mean?附：参考答案I. Translate the following into Chinese. (5 points for each; 30 points in total)1. 斯图亚特女士说她在线学习的经历（经验）很有意义，但也能挑战关于网上学习的一个不实的看法，即认为网上学习不需要像传统课堂上课那样的身心投入和纪律约束的想法。
报刊选读期末考试.doc
商务英语报刊选读期末考试内容一、单词l.Invigorate vt.鼓舞；使精力充沛2.Gauntadj.憔悴的；荒凉的；枯瘦的3.Sporadically adv.菩星地；偶发地4.1rascible adj.易怒的5.Vivacious adj•活泼的；快活的；有生气的法货币19.1ntegrate vt使..完整，使..成为整体2O.Perceive vt.察觉，感觉；理解；认知vi.感到6.Ambivalence n.矛盾情绪7.Shrink vi.收缩；vt.使缩小；使收缩8.Revenue n.收入；税收；收益9.Evolvevt.发展；进化；推断出10.Hybrid n.杂种；混血儿；混合物11.Premium n.保险费额外费用；奖金12.Subsidize vt•资助結予奖助金；向...行贿13.Fraudulent adj•欺骗性的；不正的14.Encrypt vt•加密15.Replicate vt.复制；折叠n.复制品16.Demographic adj•人口统计学的；人口学的23.Permanent adj.永久的，永恒的；不变的24.Undeniably abv.不可否认的，确凿无疑的25.Encroach vi.侵占;蚕食；侵蚀26.Predominant adj.主要的；卓越的支配的；有力的27.1nfringe vt.侵犯；违反；破坏vi侵犯，侵害28.Penetratingadj•渗透的；尖锐的；29.Doctrine n.主义；学说;教义30.Ambiguity n.含糊：不明确；暧昧31.Jurisdiction n.司法权，审判权，管18.Sovereignty n.主权；主权家；君32.Debilitate vt.使衰弱；使虚弱33.Concoct vt.捏造；混合而制；调和34丄ogistics n.后勤学35.1nterweave n.互相编织36.Momentum n•势头；动力：冲力37.Restructure n.调整；重建；更改结构38.Nuisancen•讨厌的人；【法律】妨害行为，骚扰行为39.Triple n•增至三倍40.Consecutive adj.连贯的，连续不断的Morale n.士气；精神面貌；民心Attrition n.摩擦；磨损；消耗Forgo vt.放弃；停止21.Overhaul vt.分解检查，大修；追上并超过22.Bias n.偏爱；偏见41.Exert vt.运用，发挥，；施以影响42.Ore n.矿石，矿43.Scrutiny n.详细审查；监视；细看44.Ratio n.比率；比例45.Lodgevt.提出；寄存；借助；嵌入二、词组l.Venture capitalist 风险资本家9.Junk bond 垃圾证券2.Unemployment rate 失业率lO.Feature story 新闻特写3.Real estate 不动产ILMarketing mix 营销组合4.Stock market 证券交易所12.Product packaging 产品包装SeEquity market 股栗市场13.Listed company 上市公司6.Bad loan 坏账14.Access to market 市场准入7.Delinquency rate 拖欠率attract foreign investment 吸引外资8.Central bank 中央银行Economic sovereignty 经济主权Economic entities 经济实体Start-up companies 新成立的公司Regional economics 区域经济学Market share 市场份额An acquisition spree 大举收购Market competition 市场竞争Tax revenue 税收收入Joint venture 合资企业Technology executives 技术主管At stake 岌岌可危Patent application 专利申请State-owned companies 国有企业三、选词填空I.When we embark on any task，it is important that we start well.2>Undervalued share price can lead to dealership competition and hostile takeover.3Xarge volume of data were gathered because of the research.4eThe Board agreed to Johnson’s retirement on grounds(?/illness healths5.1t has given me consolation and delight to see such a vivacious younger generation.6.What’s more，any laboratory equip to make vaccines can easily churn out deadly biological material.7eHe would disappear for months at a time ,occasionally showing up gaunt and ragged.8.Their goals was to invigorate their economics and international standing by attracting brains ,taste and talent9Jf the current trends continue，by 2020,the population of Singapore may start to shrink.lO.China is among several countries in the region that subsidize rice prices，an increasingly expensive proposition.II.Learn to highlight your positive attitude*12eBusines$es and need to update security software ^encrypt data and be aware of data flow.13.1f others means fail，they will resort to force.14.The Congress come to an end of their one-month holiday and start afresh working this afternoon，15.You should never try to earn money at the sacrifice of your health*16.Another proposal was to ban the use of primates caught in the wild .17.The census of 2.0 and the CASS study both showed the ratio stable at around 120.18.The draft legislation still requires parliamentary approval.。
《英语报刊选读》期末考试试卷附答案
《英语报刊选读》期末考试试卷附答案一、将下列所给的英语名词翻译成中文。
（15小题*2=30）1．The House of Lords2．Social Security3．Capitol Hill4．Speaker5．Fund —raising party6．Senior citizen7．Westinghouse Science Talent Search8．Asia —Pacific summit9．Sovereignty10．British Foreign Secretary11．Christian12．economic recession13．royal family14．the Commonwealth15．spokesman二、报刊阅读题。
Campaign strategists have agreed to focus to focus on the Senate, where leaders hope to complete work on the budget package by May 1. “We felt that if the Senate defeated the proposal, it would not even come up in the House,”says John Rot her, legislative director for the 18—million —member American Association of Retired persons.Targeted mainly are Republicans, who control the Senate, with particular emphasis on the 21 who face re—election next year. The next election looms large in the lobbyists’strategy. “We shall not forget if Congree haves in an unfriendly fashion to the senior citizens of the United States,”warns Jacob Clay man, president of the NCSC, which represents 4.5 million persons. “We shall remember—and 1986 is just around the corner.”Eric Shulman, legislative director for the NCSC, explains: “Those up forreelection will have their ears closest to the ground—and we are making as much of a rumble as we can. We see this issue being won or lost not in Washington but out in the countryside.”Adds Arthur Flemming, former U. S. commissioner on aging and now a lobbyist for the elderly:”“It’s the grass roots that convey the message most effectively.”I ．单项选择题。
英语报刊选读试题3
英语报刊选读试题3 work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR英语报刊选读试题 3I. Translate the following items into Chinese. (2 points for each from 1 to 15; 5 points for 16 and 17 respectively; 40 points in total)1. as a tribute to a distinguished graduate2. three years in a row3. a double-digit cut in critical defense research programs4. political lobbying5. electoral college6. harmless entertainment7. have a real problem separating reality from fantasy8. capital punishment9. cram for an exam10. Higher Education Act11. a fellow stude nt of Fisher’s12. the give-and-take of the traditional classroom13. a standard brick-and-mortar university14．Predicting the future takes insight and dedication.15. worth a lot of money for a lot of people16. Don Wise wandered into the living room of his home in Leewood one evening last Semptember. His ten-year-old son, Mike, and a 12-year- old friend were sitting in front of a large-screen television set. They were playing a vedio game they had rented called 007.17. Ms. Stuart says her experience with online learing was wonderful but also served to challenge one of the false ideas about Internet study: the notion that it doesn’trequire as much commitment and discipline as conventional classroom courses. If anything, Stuart believes she works harder than most traditional on-site students. She says she can provide firsthand evidence that the idea that distance learning is easy is a misconception.II. Read the short passages and choose the best answer. (2 points for each; 20 points in total)(A)SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico. Howling "like a million ghosts", a hurricane with an eye bigger than the islands it threatened blew into the Caribbean on Tuesday with winds that peaked at 170 miles an hour (270 kilometers an hour).The hurricane, designated Luis, straddled the Lesser Antilles and the Leeward Islands and moved westward toward Puerto Rico, Dominica and Cuba.The full force of the storm, estimated at 700 miles wide, was expected to strike Puerto Rico on Wednesday.High seas a hundred miles away it killed a French tourist in Guadeloupe."I've been in hurricanes, but I've never been in anything this strong before," said Scott Stripling, a meteorologist at the National Weather Service in San Juan.With confirmed wind gusts of up to 160 miles an hour and an eye 60 miles wide, the hurricane threatened even more devastation than the destructive hurricane named Hugo in 1989.As the hurricane bore down Tuesday on Barbuda, a tiny island of 1,400 people, winds of at least 146 miles an hour knocked out US wind measuring instruments on neighboring Antigua, 25 miles to the south. There was an unofficial report of gusts up to 175 miles an hour on Antigua."It's like a million ghosts howling outside," said Jackie Butler, who teaches in Davie, in south Florida. She got caught while vacationing in Barbuda with her husband and five children, including their 2-month-old daughter.Antigua government radio went off the air early Tuesday. Listeners switched to the Baptist station, Radio Lighthouse, which continued broadcasting warnings and news that some roofs had been blown off and many telephone lines downed.1. A storm with winds of up to 170 miles an hour the Caribbean.A. blew intoB. is expected to threatenC. moved westwards towards2. The hurricane, named could be more destructive than the one in 1989.A. LiusB. HugoC. Barbuda3. Winds knocked out .A. a French touristB. a US meteorologistC. US wind-measuring instruments4. Jackie Butler in Barbuda.A. got caught in the hurricaneB. was staying with her childrenC. teaches5. continued broadcasting warnings and news.A. The government radioB. The Baptist stationC. National Weather Service（B）CORTE, Corsica - A Corsican nationalist was shot dead and his wife was badly wounded here Thursday, bringing to three the number of pro-independence militants killed in less than 24 hours.Noel Sargentini, about 30 years old, was killed when two gunmen opened fire as he drove his car in this northern Corsican town. Both he and his wife, Dominique, were members of the Cuncolta Nziunalista, one of the two main nationalist movements campaigning for independence from France.The police said the Sargentinis were overtaken by another car that blocked the road. Two gunmen got out and fired through the couple's windshield.Mr. Sargentini died from bullets to the head and chest. His wife was hit by two bullets in the hip but was said to be out of danger.Ten people have been shot and killed this year, seven of them since July 13, in a growing feud between the Cuncolta and its rival, the Movement for Self-Determination. The two groups are off-shoots of the banned Corsican National Liberation Front.In the northern port of Bastia Wednesday evening, Pierre Albertini, 34, was killed in a gun battle in which he managed to wound one of his assailants fatally.Mr. Albertini, a member of the Movement for Self-Determination, was walking on a main street when three cars pulled up in front of him and the occupants began shooting. He fired back with his Uzi machine-pistol and wounded one of them, Pierre Duriani,24, before being hit in the heart. Mr. Duriani, a Cuncolta militant, died later in a hospital.6. shot dead on Thursday.A. A Corsican nationalist wasB. A Corsican couple wereC. Three Corsican nationalists were7. as he drove his car in a northern Corsican town.A. Two gunmen opened fire at Noel Sargentini's wifeB. Noel Sargentini was killedC. Two gunmen shot Noel Sargentini dead8. There is a growing feud between .A. the Cuncolta and the Corsican National Liberation FrontB. the Movement for self-Determination and Corsican National Liberation FrontC. the Cuncoita and the Movement for Self-Determination9. On Wednesday evening, a gun battle also killed .A. a manB. two menC. seven people10. began shooting at Albertini as he was walking on a main street.A. Three menB. The occupants in the three carsC. Three cars stopped and peopleIII. Read the following passage and choose the best answer.(4 points for each; 20 points in total)Lessons of Heart Disease, Learned and Ignored‘Time Is Muscle’At least half of all patients never call an ambulance. Instead, in the throes of a heart attack, they drive themselves to the emergency room or are driven there by a friend or family member. Or they take a taxi. Or they walk.Patients often say they were embarrassed by the thought of an ambulance arriving at their door.“Calling 911 seems like such a project,” Mr. Orr said. “I reserve it for car accidents and exploding appliances. I feel like if I can walk and talk and breathe I should just get here.”It is an understandable response, but one that can be fatal, cardiologists say.“If you come to the hospital unannounced or if you drive yourself there, (1) you’re burning time,” Dr. Antman said. “And time is muscle,” he added, meaning that (2) heart muscle is dying as the minutes tick away.There may be false alarms, Dr. Sopko said.“But it is better to be checked out and find out it’s not a problem than to have a problem and not have the therapy,” he said.Calling an ambulance promptly is only part of the issue, heart researchers say. There also is the question of how, or even whether, the patient gets either of two types of treatment to open the blocked arteries, known as reperfusion therapy.One is to open arteries with a clot-dissolving drug like TPA, for tissue plasminogen activator.“These have been breakthrough therapies,” said Dr. Joseph P. Ornato, a cardiologist and emergency medicine specialist who is medical director for the Cityof Richmond, Va. “But the hooker is that even the best of the clot buster drugs typically only open up 60 to 70 percent of blocked arteries — nowhere close to 100 percent.”The drugs also make patients vulnerable to bleeding, Dr. Ornato said.One in 200 patients bleeds into the brain, having a stroke from the treatment meant to save the heart.The other way is with (3) angioplasty, the procedure Mr. Orr got. Cardiologists say it is the preferred method under ideal circumstances.(4) Stents have recently been questioned for those who are just having symptoms like shortness of breath. In those cases, drugs often work as well as stents. But during a heart attack or in the early hours afterward, stents are the best way to open arteries and prevent damage. That, though, requires a cardiac catheterization laboratory, practiced doctors and staff on call 24 hours a day. The result is that few get this treatment.“We now are seeing really phenomenal results in experienced hands,” Dr. Ornato said. “We can open 95 to 96 percent of arteries, and bleeding in the brain is vi rtually unheard of. It’s a safer route if it is done by very experienced people and if it is done promptly. Those are big ifs.”The ifs were not a problem for Mr. Orr. His decision to go to Brigham and Women’s Hospital proved exactly right. But he did not know that when he chose the hospital — he chose it because (5) his doctor was affiliated with Brigham.1. “You are burning time” meansA you are wasting timeB you are using timeC you are flaming time2. “heart muscle is d ying as the minutes tick away” means except __ __.A. As time slip by, the heart muscle stop its working.B . As every minute pass by, the heart muscle becomes weaker.C. As time goes on, the heart muscle lose its function suddenly.3. Which of the following is False?A. The cardiologist is not in favor of the idea that patients drive themselves to the hospital.B. Patients feel it is a shame to call 9.11.C. Calling an ambulance promptly is the most important thing when the heart attacks.4. Which of the following is true according to the passageA. During a heart attack or in the early hours afterward, stents work as well as drugs.B. The preferred method under ideal circumstances is with angioplasty.C. Doctors are seeing really temporary results in experienced people.5. “ his doctor was affiliated with Brigham” means .A. His doctor was angry with Brigham.B. His doctor inferior to Brigham.C. His doctor has connection with BrighamIV. Read the following passage and then translate the underlined sentences. (4 points for each; 20 points in total)Lobbyists Out of Shadows into The SpotlightRecent years have seen an exploration in the number of advocates hired by corporations, labor unions, individuals and other special interests who want to influence actions of the White House, Congress and regulatory agencies Who are these people How do they earn their pay How effective are theyLobbying, a practice as old as the nation’s government, got its name from the cozy relationship struck up in lobbies of the Capitol and nearby hotels between members of Congress and those seeking favor.. In the early days, companies would often seal the vote of a politician by simply putting him on retainer.(1) Lobbyists quickly developed an unsavory reputation of being bagmen who conducted the people’s business around the poker table. Despite periodic scandals and demands for reform, Congress has been reluctant to tamper with laws guaranteeing the right of citizens to petition the government.(2)Lobbyists come in a variety of guises, but lawyers, trade-association representatives and public relations consultants dominates the field.(3)A number of lobbyists previously served in key government posts. The roster includes more than 300 former member of Congress, cabinet and White House officials and congressional aides.Lobby firms come in all sizes. For every large lobbying firm doing business out of a plushy downtown building, there are scores of tiny operations that often deal in specialized issues. Stanley Brand says of h is small outfits: “We can be a lot more efficient than the large firms, and some clients aren’t always interested in the large hitters.Lobbying is big money. A high-powered organization will charge an annual retainer of $ 200,000 or more. To put a premium on winning, some contracts include “success bonus” clauses. With millions or even billions of dollars on the line in bills before Congress, the stake run high.Lobbyists often are hired not so much to influence officials as to find out what is going on in Washington that could affect a client. Mounting a drive to get voters to work on members of Congress through letters, telephone calls and personal visits can have enormous impact.Lobbying is a two-way street. When they are not busy trying to sway the views of politicians, the lobbyists are engaged in raising campaign money for those same politicians. Lobbyists, like members of most professions, have their intramural quarrels..Where lobbyists used to avoid notoriety and preferred to work behind the scenes, many seek publicity as a useful tool. The Watergate era put a stop to all the underground games being played, so they came out of the closet. (4) Whether they work offstage or in the spotlight, lobbyists promise to continue exerting a powerful influenc e as long as there’s a Washington.（5）(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)附：参考答案I. Translate the following items into Chinese. (2 points for each from 1 to 15; 5 points for 16 and 17 respectively; 40 points in total)1. 作为对一位著名毕业生表达敬意的方式2. 连续三年3. 关键防卫研究项目上两位数的削减4. 政治游说5. 选举团6. 无害的娱乐7. 实在难以分清现实与幻想8. 死刑，极刑9. 突击学习备考10. 高等教育法11. 费舍尔的一个同学12. 传统课堂的师生交流13. 标准的现实学校14．预测未来需要洞察力和专注15. 对许多人来说，需要花很多钱16. 去年九月的一个傍晚唐怀斯走进自己在李武德的家里的客厅。
-英语报刊选读A及答案
《英语报刊阅读》试题（A 卷）…………………………………………………………………………………………………… Part Ⅰ Reconstruct the messages of the following headlines of news stories: (1% for each, 10%)Example: Italian Ex-Mayor Murdered---An Italian Ex-Mayor Is Murdered1. ________ US ________ told not exploit ________ Tibet issue.2. Rubin ________ Greenspan ________ at odds.3. Visitors ________ flocking to Mao ’s birth place.4. ________ man ________ quizzed after ________ wife is knifed in ________ sports store.Part Ⅱ Read the following passage and answer the Questions A 5-34(1% for each,30%) and B 35-44 (2% for each,20%)A Tuition Reform for Higher EducationChinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform in recent years. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute and important part of the reform. Schools which once admitted students almost exclusively according to state plans are becoming more accepting of students sent by work groups for further training and those who pay their own fees.Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year, up 158 200 or 25 percent over last year's figure. Of these, 216 000, or 27.4 percent, will be sent by their work groups or will pay their own way.In the past, the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students, a matter of policy since New China was established in 1949. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought a heavy burden to the sate, hindering further development of higher education. Since higher education is non —compulsory education in China, to charge appropriate fees will help improve school facilities and expedite the development of education in this stage. As an added benefit, paying their own way will encourage students to study harder.The reform will take effect in two directions. State —financed students will beginpaying part of the costs of their education, and more self—paying students will be accepted.In August 1989, under the direction of the State council, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the Sate Price Bureau drew up stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuition, accommodation and other expenses for students of institutions of higher learning. Beginning from that year, freshmen at regular universities and colleges and professional schools (including cadres taking special training courses and students working on a second degree) were charged 100 yuan (about us $17) each for their tuition fee, and this low charge is expected to be raised gradually. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions such as Guangdong Province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300 yuan. Students living on campus paid about 20 yuan per year for accommodation and the charge was slightly higher for better furnishing. Normal school students and those admitted on scholarships need only pay for accommodation. Reduced tuitions and fees are available to students in need of financial assistance, but accommodation expenses will remain the same.In June 1992, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation, short—term training programs, correspondence courses and night school. These should be determined according to the needs of each school, the abilities of students to pay and general conditions in each area. The tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can range from 300 to 500 yuan per academic year. Liberal arts, history and economics students of the fine arts pay 400 to 600 yuan per year, and students of the fine arts 400 to 750 yuan. Statistics for 1992 show students paid an average of 340 yuan in tuition that year, only 5 percent of the real cost.Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of rising tuition. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidiesfrom their work units. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit students with financial difficulties.Guidelines concerning self—paying students were first set out in 1989. The State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodation and must cover their own medical expenses. The charge for each self—paying student averaged 2 000 yuan of the cost in 1992, or 30 percent of the cost. Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education is sponsored by work units, with payment coming either in part or in full from their units, are somewhat higher. Self—paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduating.Charges for correspondence courses and night school are equal to or slightly higher than those for full-time students enrolled according to the state plan.With their improvement of their living standards and the deepening of reform, people in general accept the changes in the tuition system. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuition rates will be more flexible and diversified. Student payments will be augmented by finding from the state, enterprises and funds raised from the public. Laws and regulations will by enacted to ensure steady progress, and overseas organizations and individuals are encouraged to set up and operate schools in China.--21st Century, Apr.20, 1992 Reading ComprehensionCircle the letter that best suits the answer or completes the statement.5. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees ____.A. pay an important part in the reformB. make up an important part of the reformC. include an important part of the reformD. hold an important part of the reform6. Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year ____.A. which is the same as last years figureB. which is more than last year's figure by 158 200C. which is 25 per cent over last year's figureD. both B and C7. Among 786 200 students ____ will be sent by their work groups or will paytheir own way.A. 158 200B. 21 600C. 27.4 per centD. 25 per cent8. Since New China was established, all tuition and school fees for university students ____.A. Were paid by their work groupsB. Were paid by the students themselvesC. Were paid by the stateD. Were paid by the local government9. The policy which the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students ____.A. Brought lots of profits to the stateB. Was helpful to further development of higher educationC. Brought many advantages to the stateD. Brought expense and trouble to the state10. Which statement is not trueA. To charge appropriate fees will help improve school facilitiesB. As an added benefit, paying their own way will encourage students to study harderC. Higher education is compulsory education in ChinaD. Tuition reform for higher education will take effect in two directions11. Stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuition, accommodation and other expenses for students of institutions of higher learning was drafted by ____.A. the State Education CommissionB. the State CouncilC. the universities and collegesD. the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau12. The figure on tuition fee was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions, but was ____.A. fixed at 300 yuanB. limited in 300 yuanC. over 300 yuanD. much more than 300 yuan13. Students in need of financial assistance ____.A. can get a grantB. need only pay for accommodationC.can get support from the local governmentD. can enjoy reduced tuitions and fees14. According to the stipulations made by the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau, the tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can ____.A. be changed between 300 and 500 yuan per academic yearB. be fixed at 300 or 500 yuan per yearC. be set at 400 or 600 yuan per yearD. be extended from 400 to 750 yuan per year15. The children of revolutionary martyrs in Shanghai ____.A. enjoy reduced tuitionB. enjoy free charge tuitionC. gain allowance from governmentD. receive subsidies from their parents work units16. Stipulations concerning self—paying students took effect in ____.A. 1989B. 1992C. 1990D. 199117. Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education is sponsored by work units ____.A. are set at 2 000 yuan per yearB. are exempted 50 per cent from the whole cost of their educationC. are rather higherD. are exempted 30 percent18. Self—paying students, after their graduation, ____.A. will return to their unitsB. will be appointed to do some work by the stateC. are provided employments by the statD. are not assigned jobs by the state19. Which statement is trueA. The increases in tuition rates can not be changed easilyB. Students payment will be decreased by funding from the state and enterprisesC. Laws and regulations will be made to ensure steady progressD. People in general can't accept the change in the tuition reformVocabularyChoose the best answer to explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase.20. Chinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform in recent year____.A. WalkingB. stepC. footD. speed21. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute an important part of the reform____.A. Make upB. establishC. holdD. Complete22. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought a heavy burden to the state____.A. it brought the state expense and troubleB. it brought the state sufferingC. it made the state involve in difficultiesD. it caused the state involved in troubles23. The reform will take effect in two directions____.A. will take placeB. will come into forceC. will affectD. will have an influence24. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions such as Guangdong, province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300yuan____.A. coveredB. aboutC. overD. much more than25. This Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation____.A. decideB. fixC. put forwardD. Both A and B26. The tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can range from 300 to 500 yuan per academic year____.A. be charged between 300 and 500B. set at 300 or 500C. be decided at 300 or 500D. extend from 300 to 50027. Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of rising tuition____.A. determinedB. damageC. harmfulD. influential28. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition____.A. charges a little forB. makes free charge forC. reduces the charge forD. Both A and B29. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidies from their work units____.A. insisted onB. not enforcedC. chargedD. exempted30. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit students with financial difficulties____.A. helpB. give money toC. give profits toD. send allowance of money to31. The State Educational Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education____.A. arrangedB. advocatedC. stated clearlyD. stimulated32. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodationand must cover their own medical expenses____.A. includeB. exemptC. changeD. provide money for33. Self—paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduation____.A. After graduation the state doesn't give employments to the self—paying studentsB. After graduation, the state doesn't appoint the self—paying students to do some workC. After graduation, the self-paying students are not going to apply for jobsD. All are wrong34. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuitionrates will be more flexible and diversified____.A. will be more easily bent and variousB. will be more limited and various.C. will be easily changed and in variety to adapt to new conditionsD. will be raised more than beforeB Endangered Trade(The Asian Wall Street Journal, Mar., 1999)Such is the special relationship between America and its NATO partners that while that alliance cooperates to bomb Serbian forces, the U.S. and the EU are managing a trade war against each other. Fortunately, no lives are at stake in the latter conflict. Yet if it spreads unchecked, the rest of the world is sure to feel the pain of it.It's hard to decide whether the U.S. or Europe deserves the most contempt for expanding their trade war. The first fight, over bananas, is essentially a struggle between two fruitdistributors with strong political connections. Now Washington and Brussels are escalating their battle over beef, with European farmers stooping to science in their claims that hormone-treated American beef is unsafe.In his first term in office, President Bill Clinton teamed up with the Republicans to push major free-trade liberalizations. Now, however, he seems bent on pursuing 'level even if playing fields,'torpedoing the world economy. The latest salvo was fired this week, with the U.S. announcing it has targeted close to $1 billion of European products for 100% tariffs if the European Union doesn't drop the hormone nonsense.The move follows an earlier announcement that the U.S. administration will fight Europe's banana import regime by hitting a range of European goods with prohibitive tariffs. Add to this renewed American threats to raise the drawbridge to Russian, Japanese and Brazilian steel, as well as administration support for a congressional vote to ban Concorde flights from Europe in relation for EU threats to refuse landing rights to old-American planes retrofitted with noise reducing technology.Mr. Clinton sounded the protectionist battle cry in his January State of the Union address, where he vowed to fight for 'a freer and fairer trading system for 21st century America.' In the case of agriculture, when the respective lobbies on both sides of the Atlantic enter the fray, that translates into a sticky situation. On the whole, American farmers are major exporters. And U.S. farmers have a good case on beef hormones. But it is nonetheless dangerous for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion in trade.This is not to excuse the EU. The hormone argument is nonsense. The World Trade Organization has acknowledged as much, ordering the EU to allow imports of American meat by May 13. Brussels has responded by saying that it needs more time because European citizens, who supposedly don't like hormones in their food, would rebel against their governments if American meat suddenly appeared on their store shelves.Were it not for the high stakes involved for both producers and consumers, the argument might be amusing. When governments curtail trade the global economy shrinks and for all the jobs 'saved' by protections, there are a lot more lost. The Smoot-Hawley agricultural protections imposed by the U.S. Congress in the late 1920s certainly contributed to the Great Depression. Mr. Clinton may believe he is fighting the good fight. But we'venever thought much of the kind of war where you pose even when you win.Judge whether the following statement are True or False:35. ( ) The Trade war between the U.S. and the EU has cost no lives but is equally dangerous.36. ( ) It's very easy to decide who is to blame for expanding the trade war.37. ( ) The very beginning of the trade war suggests that it bears political significance.38. ( ) The author agrees that hormone-treated beef is harmful to one's health.39. ( ) President Bill Clinton used to be a believer of free trade, but not now.40. ( ) Level playing fields ca do good to the world economy.41. ( ) Besides its trade war with the EU, the U.S. is also in conflict with Japan, Russia and Brazil.42. ( ) The author thinks that in the case of beef, the American farmers are justified.43. ( ) The author thinks that it is a right decision for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion in trade.44. ( ) The two sides have submitted the case of beef to the WTO for settlement.for each,20%)The Rich Get Richer and ElectedBy Steven V. RobertsThe representatives newly elected in 1984 were almost four times as wealthy as the first-term lawmakers elected only six years before, according to a new study based one the members’ financial reports.Behind this remarkable a swing, the study says, are two main factors: a courtdecision that outlawed limits on what candidates could give to their own campaigns,and the enormous growth in the cost of pursuing a seat in Congress. As a result, it isincreasingly difficult for candidates of modest means, particularly women, to mountsuccessful challenges to entrenched office holders.One solution, the authors contend, is a system of public financing for campaigns,but Congress seems in no mood to change the political rules any time soon.“The lower chamber is going upper class,” said Mark Green, the president of TheDemocracy Project, a public policy institute based in New York. “But this evolution from a House of Representatives to a House of Lords denies the diversity of our democracy. It establishes a de facto property qualification for office that increasingly says: low and middle income need not apply.”The Democracy Project produced the study in cooperation with the United States Public Interest Research Group, a similar institute situated in Washington. But their research was not entirely theoretical. In 1980 Mr. Green was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Congress in New York's 15th District, in Manhattan. The winner was Bill Green, one of the wealthiest members of Congress.Of Assets and MillionairesMembers of Congress must report their assets in broad categories, not exact numbers, so the figures in the study are not precise. But the minimum average wealth of the 43 lawmakers first elected last year was $251,292. Six years earlier, the 74 new members reported an average of only $41,358 in assets. With inflation figured in, the increase was almost 400 percent in real terms.Moreover, financial data on the class of 1978 indicated only one millionaire, William F. Clinger Jr., a Pennsylvania Republican. Last year's newcomers included 15 possible millionaires, more than a third of the entire group. Topping the list was Joseph J. Dioguardi, a Westchester Republican, who listed assets of $1 million to $2.46 million.The main reason for the change, Mr. Green maintains, is the Supreme Court decision of 1976 in the case of Buckley V. Valeo. In that case, the Court ruled that limits mandated by Congress on the amount a candidate could give to his or her own campaign were an unconstitutional abridgment of individual rights. At the same time, the Court upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.“Quite naturally”, Mr. Green said, “this puts a premium on personal wealth.The 43 Representatives newly elected in 1984 spent an average of $459,344; of that, $50,329 was their own money in an average case. Eight of the 43 spent more than $100,000 in personal funds but the clear leader was Tommy F. Robinson, an Arkansas Democrat, who contributed $441, 167 to his own campaign. Mr. DioGuardiwas next with a personal donation of $210,000.The Senate Puts an even higher premium on wealth. Last year the average candidate for the Senate spent $2 million, and the roster of millionaires in the Senateis steadily growing.The second factor putting a premium on personal wealth, Mr. Green argues, isthe rapid rise of political action committees. They tend to favor incumbents with their campaign contributions, and a result, Mr. Green says, is that it takes a wealthy challenger to make a race of things.One apparent effect is the obstacle this poses for women who run for Congress. While women in rapidly rising numbers are capturing local and state offices, their representation on the national level has stayed static. The class of 1984 included onlytwo women: Helen D. Bentley of Maryland and Jan Meyers of Kansas, both Republicans.“It is largely men who control wealth in America,”Mr. Green said, “and if wealth is a major variable in political success, that automatically means more menwill run and win.”Fred Wertheimer, president of Common Cause, the public affairs lobby that , if you're not personally wealthy, and you're not willing to indebt yourselfto the PAC's, you face an uphill struggle just to get your message on the table.The authors of the study argue that some form of public financing for campaigns should be instituted. “Competition for public office should be based more upon meritthan money,”asserted Gene Karpinski, executive director of the public interest research group.Mr. Wertheimer argues that “members of Congress know they have a national scandal on their hands” and are willing to consider public financing, or at least a total limit on PAC contributions. But the chances for change in the current system remain decidedly poor.Obviously the current occupants of Capitol Hill have kept their seats under the present rules, which clearly favor incumbents. Accordingly, Mr. Green maintains, Congress is still probably “several scandals away” from a serious push to change the campaign system.(From The New York Times, September 24, 1985)45. Why has the House of Representatives been changing into a rich man's club or aHouse of Lords46. In what way did the Court decision favor the wealthy candidates47. Are women far behind men in getting Congressional offices Please give an examplefor your answer.48. What role do political action committees play in a campaign for public office49. According to the author of the study, on what basis should the political race forpublic office be placedHow to negotiateThe US is an attractive market. Its business culture, which has brought the world “shareholder value” and “IPOs”, has been leading commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.US business is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: “If you canmake it here, you can make it anywhere!”Yet a euphoric approach to business is by nomeans enough. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it isat the same time ruthlessly focused.Communicating is natural talent of Americans. When negotiating partners meet, theemphasis is on small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humour that is moredirect than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in a relaxed wayand with plenty of jokes to capture your audience's attention.《英语报刊阅读》试卷（A卷参考答案）Part ⅠReconstruct the messages of the following headlines of news stories: (1% foreach, 10%)1、The is the2、and are3、are4、A is his aPart ⅡRead the following passage and answer the Questions A 5-34 (1% foreach,30 %) and B 35-44 (2% for each,20%)A:5～9 BDCCD 10～14 CDBDA 15～19 BACDC20～24 DAABA 25～39 BACBD 30～34 ACDBCB:35～39 TFTFT 40～44 FTTFTPart ⅢRead the following passage and answer Questions 45～49 (4% for each,20%) 45. Because the House of Representatives is largely composed of wealthy men, and they get elected not on their merit, but on their money.46. The court decision outlawed limits on the amount that a candidate could give to his own campaign. At the same time it upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.47. Yes. Take the Congressional election in 1984 for example, only two women got elected.48. They play a very important role to help officeholders to get re-elected with campaign contributions.49. Some form of public financing should be taken. Competition for public office should be based more on merit than money.Part ⅣTranslate the following into Chinese .(20%)美国是一个有吸引力的市场。
英语报刊选读
赤峰市电视广播电视大学考试试卷201学年度第学期课程：英语报刊选读考卷编号：A分，共30分)1．The House of Lords 2．Social Security 3．Capitol Aill 4．Speaker 5．Fund—raising party 6．Senior citizen 7．Westinghouse Science Talent Search8．Asia—Pacific summit 9．Sovereignty 10．British Foreign Secretary11．Christian 12．economic recession 13．royal family 14．the Commonwealth 15．spokesmanPart two: Reading Comprehension (共70分)Campaign strategists have agreed to focus to focus on the Senate, where leader s hope to complete work on the budget package by May 1. “We felt that if the Senate defeated the proposal, it would not even come up in the House,” says John Rot her, legislative director for the 18—million—member American Association of Retired persons.Targeted mainly are Republicans, who control the Senate, with particular emphasis on the 21 who face re—election next year. The next election looms large in the lobbyists’ strategy. “We shall not forget if Congress behaves in an unfriendly fashion to the se nior citizens of the United States,” warns Jacob Clay man, president of the NCSC, which represents 4.5 million persons. “We shall remember—and 1986 is just around the corner.”Eric Shulman, legislative director for the NCSC, explains: “Those up for reelection will have their ears closest to the ground—and we are making as much of a rumble as we can. We see this issue being won or lost not in Washington but out in the countryside.” Adds Arthur Flemming, former U. S. commissioner on aging and now a lobbyist fo r the elderly:” “It’s the grass roots that convey the message most effectively.”I．Choose the right answer to each question（每小题5分，共20分）1．…… where leaders hope to complete …A．House leaders B．floor leaders C．Congressional D．Senate leaders2．… it would not even come up in the House …A．the House of Commons B．the House of RepresentativesC．the House of Lords D．the Senate3．Targarted mainly are Republicans who cantrol the Senate …A．so said because the Democrats hold more seats in the SenateB．so said because the Republicans hold more seats in the SenateC．so said because the Republicans hold less seats in the SenateD．so said because the Republicans Party holds more congressional seats4．“It’s the grass roots that convey the message most effectively.”A．ordinary citizens or voters B．basic structuresC．politicians D．CongressmenII．（每小题10分，共50分）Blacks’ history in America (1660—1860)American Blacks are without doubt all of African origin. The first group of 20 Blacks sold to English settlers of Virginia in 1619 were brought in by a Dutch ship. From that time to the mid—19th century, some 14 million blacks were transported from West Africa to Virginia and other southern colonies of the New World. Almost all of them were sold into slavery and subjected to white rule. Not only would they work for their masters as slaves for life but also their descendants would be slaves the moment they were born.Of course no person would have voluntarily chosen to be sold away from his native country. He was either sold by his own rulers or captured by white slave traders as portrayed in Alex Haley’s noval Roots. Some of the details in Haley’s story were similar to those in other books. The kidnapping of slaves and their miserable life under the supervision of slave owners and overseers existed and the conditions on the voyage from Afraca to America were horrible. The slaves’ bodies were bound together and their limbs either tied or chained with shackles like Kunta, an important character in Roots. The air in the holds was filthy with the smell of sweat, vormit and body waste. When they caught infections diseases, many slaves died on the voyage. Some even died of flogging or starvation. It was said that only about half slaves could survive the voyage. Though some survived, the fate of those survivors was no better than being sold at auction like animals.After 1700, a large number of Africans arrived in America. In the first half of the century, they made up 20 percent of the colonial population. Many of them were in the southern colonies. They worked either on plantations or in houses. Then in 1793, the invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney resulted in a new demand for more slaves as it provided an inexpensive method of separating cotton seeds from fibres. With the increase in cotton acreage, slavery persisted in the South and became the foundation of its economy.Slavery was anyhow a moral evil. It was inhuman and was also an institution restricting the development of industry. Many people, mostly people in the North desired an immediate end to the evil institution so that they would be able to develop industry. Some assumed that the only way to solve the problem was to ship all Blacks back to Africa. With the aid of such leading figures as James Monroe (president), John Marshall (Supreme Court justice), Henry Clay and Daniel Webster (senators), they established the American Colonization Society in the 1820’s. This organization was finally successful in getting some land in West Africa for those willing to go back home, thus forming the new nation: the Republic of Liberia, the place of freedom. They named its capital Monrovia after the U. S. president at the time. However, the resettlement policy did little to solve the dilemma. No more than 15,000 Blacks returned to Africa between 1821 an d1860; most of the others preferred to stay in the places they had been born. Those rejecting the policy of being sent home claimed American citizenship on the ground that they were Americans by birth so that they were entitled to the rights set forth in the Declaration of independence.II. Answer the following questions:1．How did the first group of Blacks arrive in America?2．Describe the voyage to America for the slaves on the ship.3．Where did many of the slaves settle? why ?4．What solution did President Monroe propose to solve the problem of slavery?5．What does the Republic of Liberia mean?英语报刊选读试题答案及评分标准一、1．英国贵族院2．社会保障计划3．美国国会山喻美国国会4．议长5．筹款[宴]会6．老年人7．西屋发掘少年科技英才赛8．亚大首脑仁义或峰会9．主权10．英国外交大臣11．基督徒12．经济衰退13．王室14．英联邦15．发言人二、I．1．D 2．B 3．B 4．AII．1．They arrived in America by a Dutch ship.2．Their bodies were hound together and their limbs either tied or chained. The air in the holds was filthy. Many of them died of diseases on the voyage, and some even died of flogging or starvation.3．Most of them settled in the southern colonies because in 1793, the intention of the cotton resulted in a new demand for move slaves.4．He proposed to ship all blacks back to Afoica.5．It means the place of freedom.。
英语报刊选读试题2
英语报刊选读试题2第一部分交际用语（10分）1.----Hello, Xiaohui. How was the party?----- .A I’m fine, thank you.B It was Friday.C Hi, Jack. We had a great time.2. ------ ?------ Two years ago.A Where did you go?B Do you like JapanC When did you visit Japan?3.----Can I help you?------ .A Nice to see you.B Yes, please.C Not at all.4. ---- What do you usually do at weekends?------ .A I play football with a group of friends.B It’s lovely. Thank you.C I started learning tennis when I was 6.5. ---Ivydale Guesthouse. Can I help you?---- .A Salad, please.B Yes, please. I’d like to make a reservation.C I’ll go there myself.第二部分词汇与结构（40分）( )6.He said nothing and went upstairs.A toB byC forD \( )7.He said to me, “I’m sorry trouble you”.A ofB toC aboutD for( )8.We the teacher carefully when an old woman ran in quickly.A heardB were listening toC listend toD were hearing. ( )9.A: “Don’t make faces in class!” ----------- B: “”A Certainly, I will.B Excuse me, I’m wrong.C That’s OK.D Sorry!I won’t do it again( )10.Hurry up, we can’t catch the last bus.A andB orC soD but( )11.When she saw the money on the ground, she at once.A picked it upB picked it downC picked away itD picked up it ( )12.A; “Whose book is this?”B: It’s .A himB myC sheD his( )13.Her parents her watch TV on Saturday evening.A tellB wantC likeD let( )14.The child can himself when his parents are out.A look afterB take careC look forD look at( )15.A; “Can you answer this question?” --------- B: .A What is it?B I’m not clever.C Let me try.D Sorry, I can.( )16.They about English names at ten the day before yesterday.A talkB talkedC are talkingD were talking ( )17. The driver looked but he didn’t see anybody.A atB forC overD around( )18.My father is a teacher. What about ?A heB mineC himselfD yours( )19.A: I have lost my watch. B: .A What pityB What a pity.C Not at allD I’m so glad.( )20.Mr Liu has read the story.A wholeB allC halfD several( )21“Help to some beef,” he said to the women.A youB meC yourselfD yourselves( ) is television.A shorter toB short asC short forD short form( )23.“did you pay for this free coat?---------- “Eight-eight yuan.”A How manyB WhatC How many yuansD How much( )24.She supper when there was a loud knock at the door.A was havingB has hadC hadD had（)25.Lucy is four years than her brother.A oldB olderC the oldestD more older第三部分阅读理解（20分）( A )Helen Keller lived in the U.S.A. She was a great woman.When Helen was a baby, she got very sick. After many weeks, she doctor said, “She is better, but now she can’t see and she can’t hear.” Her mother and father were very sad.After a few years, things got worse. There was no way for Helen to speak to other people. She heard nothing. She saw nothing, she didn't understand anything.Then one day a teacher came to live with Helen and her family. The teacher helped Helen learn about words. Helen was a very bright child and soon she learned to spell her first word. When she was older, she went to college.Helen was very famous. She helped many blind and deaf people.She traveled around the world and helped many people.Helen was a very old woman when she died. The world remembers her today as a brave and wonderful person. She was blind and deaf, but she found a way to see and hear.( )26. Helen Keller got very sick when .A she was a babyB she went to collegeC her teacher came to her home C she was very old( )27. taught Helen Keller her first word.A Her motherB Her teacherC Her fatherD The doctor( )28.Helen Keller was famous because .A she was an American.B she traveled around the worldC her teacher taught her many things.D she learned to read and write and helped many people in the world.( )29.The world remembers Helen Keller today because .A she was very brightB she was a blind and deaf.C she was a brave and wonderful person.D she went to college( )30.Helen Keller was blind and deaf, but .A she found a way to understand the world.B her mother and father didn’t feel sad.C she found a way to travel around the world.D she found out how people became blind and deaf.（ B ）Tom’s father was ill. It was Saturday. Tom was on the way to the hospital to see his father. The hospital was very far, so he had to take a bus.When he got to the bus stop, there were already many people there. They were standing in line. The bus was late. Tom didn’t want to wait in this queue. He went to the front and stood there. One of the people said to him, “you mustn’t jump the queue, boy.”With a red face Tom said sorry and went to the end of the line. Soon the bus came, all the people got on the bus.( )31.This story happened onA MondayB SundayC SaturdayD Tuesday( )32.Tom went to see his .A motherB auntC uncleD father( )33.The hospital from his home.A was nearB wasn’t farC was behindD was very far( )34.Tom went to the hospital .A by busB by carC by bikeD on foot( )35.Tom wanted to when he got to the bus stop.A go awayB leaveC jump the queueD go to the end第四部分翻译（30分）36.我不想放弃任何一个科目。
英语报刊阅读练习50题
英语报刊阅读练习50题1. The famous singer is known for her powerful voice and kind heart. What does she often do to help others?A. Donates money to charities.B. Buys expensive gifts for herself.C. Hides her wealth from the public.D. Ignores people in need.答案：A。
本题考查对人物行为的理解。
A 选项“向慈善机构捐款”符合这位歌手善良的形象和乐于助人的特点。
B 选项“给自己买昂贵的礼物”与帮助他人无关。
C 选项“向公众隐瞒财富”不符合她善良的特质。
D 选项“忽视有需要的人”与已知的她的形象相悖。
2. The athlete overcame many difficulties to win the championship. How did he keep motivated?A. By believing in himself.B. By giving up easily.C. By blaming others for his failures.D. By avoiding training.答案：A。
本题考查对人物保持动力的方式的理解。
A 选项“通过相信自己”是积极向上且合理的保持动力的方式。
B 选项“轻易放弃”不可能让他克服困难赢得冠军。
C 选项“把失败归咎于他人”是消极的态度，不利于保持动力。
D 选项“避免训练”无法让他取得成功。
3. The scientist made an important discovery. What inspired her topursue this research?A. Her love for science.B. The desire for fame.C. The pressure from her parents.D. The easy money it could bring.答案：A。
英语报刊阅读考试样题
英语报刊阅读考试样题I. Reconstruct the messages of the following headlines of news stories: (10 points)Example: Italian Ex-Mayor Murdered---An Italian Ex-Mayor Is Murdered told not to exploit Tibet issue2.Rubin, Greenspan at odds3.Visitors flocking to Mao‘s birth place4.Man quizzed after wife is knifed in sports storeII. Read the following passage and answer the Questions A 5-34 (30 points) and B 35-45 (20 points).Tuition Reform for Higher EducationChinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform in recent years. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute and important part of the reform. Schools which once admitted students almost exclusively according to state plans are becoming more accepting of students sent by work groups for further training and those who pay their own fees.Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year, up 158 200 or 25 percent over last year‘s figure. Of these, 216 000, or 27.4 percent, will be sent by their work groups or will pay their own way.In the past, the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students, a matter of policy since New China was established in 1949. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought a heavy burden to the sate, hindering further development of higher education. Since higher education is non—compulsory education in China, to charge appropriate fees will help improve school facilities and expedite the development of education in this stage. As an added benefit, paying their own way will encourage students to study harder.The reform will take effect in two directions. State—financed students will begin paying part of the costs of their education, and more self—paying students will be accepted.In August 1989, under the direction of the State council, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the Sate Price Bureau drew up stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuition, accommodation and other expenses for students of institutions of higher learning. Beginning from that year, freshmen at regular universities and colleges and professional schools (including cadres taking special training courses and students working on a second degree) were charged 100 yuan (about us $17) each for their tuition fee, and this low charge is expected to be raised gradually. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions such as Guangdong Province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300 yuan. Students living on campus paid about 20 yuan per year for accommodation and the charge was slightly higher for better furnishing. Normal school students and those admitted on scholarships need only pay for accommodation. Reduced tuitions and fees are available tostudents in need of financial assistance, but accommodation expenses will remain the same.In June 1992, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation, short—term training programs, correspondence courses and night school. These should be determined according to the needs of each school, the abilities of students to pay and general conditions in each area. The tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can range from 300 to 500 yuan per academic year. Liberal arts, history and economics students of the fine arts pay 400 to 600 yuan per year, and students of the fine arts 400 to 750 yuan. Statistics for 1992 show students paid an average of 340 yuan in tuition that year, only 5 percent of the real cost.Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of rising tuition. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidies from their work units. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit students with financial difficultiesGuidelines concerning self—paying students were first set out in 1989. The State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodation and must cover their own medical expenses. The charge for each self—paying student averaged 2 000 yuan of the cost in 1992, or 30 percent of the cost. Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education is sponsored by work units, with payment coming either in part or in full from their units, are somewhat higher. Self—paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduating.Charges for correspondence courses and night school are equal to or slightly higher than those for full-time students enrolled according to the state plan.With their improvement of their living standards and the deepening of reform, people in general accept the changes in the tuition system. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuition rates will be more flexible and diversified. Student payments will be augmented by finding from the state, enterprises and funds raised from the public. Laws and regulations will by enacted to ensure steady progress, and overseas organizations and individuals are encouraged to set up and operate schools in China.--21st Century, Apr.20, 1992Reading ComprehensionCircle the letter that best suits the answer or completes the statement.5.Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees ____.A.pay an important part in the reformB.make up an important part of the reformC.include an important part of the reformD.hold an important part of the reform6.Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year ____.A.which is the same as last years figureB.which is more than last year‘s figure by 158 200C.which is 25 per cent over last year‘s figureD.both B and C7.Among 786 200 students ____ will be sent by their work groups or will pay their ownway.A. 158 200B. 21 600C. 27.4 per centD. 25 per cent8.Since New China was established, all tuition and school fees for university students ____A.Were paid by their work groupsB.Were paid by the students themselvesC.Were paid by the stateD.Were paid by the local government9.The policy which the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students ____.A.Brought lots of profits to the stateB.Was helpful to further development of higher educationC.Brought many advantages to the stateD.Brought expense and trouble to the state10.Which statement is not true?A.To charge appropriate fees will help improve school facilities.B.As an added benefit, paying their own way will encourage students to study harder.C.Higher education is compulsory education in China.D.Tuition reform for higher education will take effect in two directions.11.Stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuition, accommodation and otherexpenses for students of institutions of higher learning was drafted by ____.A.the State Education CommissionB.the State CouncilC.the universities and collegesD.the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau12.The figure on tuition fee was higher in special economic zones and economicallydeveloped regions, but was ____.A. fixed at 300 yuanB. limited in 300 yuanC. over 300 yuanD. much more than 300 yuan13.Students in need of financial assistance ____.A.can get a grantB.need only pay for accommodationC.can get support from the local governmentD. can enjoy reduced tuitions and fees14.According to the stipulations made by the State Education Commission, the Ministry ofFinance and the State Price Bureau, the tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can ____.A.be changed between 300 and 500 yuan per academic yearB.be fixed at 300 or 500 yuan per yearC.be set at 400 or 600 yuan per yearD.be extended from 400 to 750 yuan per year15.The children of revolutionary martyrs in Shanghai ___.A.enjoy reduced tuitionB.enjoy free charge tuitionC.gain allowance from governmentD.receive subsidies from their parents‘ work units16.Stipulations concerning self—paying students took effect in ____.A. 1989B. 1992C. 1990D. 199117.Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education issponsored by work units _____.A.are set at 2 000 yuan per yearB.are exempted 50 per cent from the whole cost of their educationC.are rather higherD.are exempted 30 percent18.Self—paying students, after their graduation, ____.A.will return to their unitsB.will be appointed to do some work by the stateC.are provided employments by the statD.are not assigned jobs by the state19.Which statement is true?A.The increases in tuition rates can not be changed easily.B.Students payment will be decreased by funding from the state and enterprises.ws and regulations will be made to ensure steady progress.D.People in general can‘t accept the change in the tuition reform.VocabularyChoose the best answer to explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase.20.Chinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform in recent yearA. walkingB. stepC. footD. speed21.Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute an important part of thereform.i.Make up B. establish C. hold D. complete22. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought a heavy burden to the state.A.it brought the state expense and troubleB.it brought the state sufferingC.it made the state involve in difficultiesD.it caused the state involved in troubles23. The reform will take effect in two directions.A. will take placeB. will come into forceC. will affectD. will have an influence24. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regionssuch as Guangdong, province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300 yuan.A.coveredB. aboutC. overD. much more than25. This Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions ofhigher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation.A. decideB. fixC. put forwardD. Both A and B26. The tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can range from 300 to 500 yuanper academic year.A.be charged between 300 and 500B.set at 300 or 500C.be decided at 300 or 500D.extend from 300 to 50027. Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of rising tuition.A.determinedB. damageC. harmfulD. influential28. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition.A.charges a little forB. makes free charge forC. reduces the charge forD. Both A and B29. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financialsupport as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidies from their work units.insisted on B. not enforced C. charged D. exempted30. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit students with financialdifficulties.A. helpB. give money toC. give profits toD. send allowance of money to31. The State Educational Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education.A.arrangedB. advocatedC. stated clearlyD. stimulated32. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodation and must covertheir own medical expenses.A.includeB. exemptC. changeD. provide money for33. Self—paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas studentssent by their units will return to them after graduation.A.After graduation the state doesn‘t give employments to the self—paying studentsB..After graduation, the state doesn‘t appoint the self—paying students to do someworkC.After graduation, the self-paying students are not going to apply for jobsD.All are wrong.34. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuition rates will be moreflexible and diversified.A.will be more easily bent and variousB.will be more limited and variousC.will be easily changed and in variety to adapt to new conditionsD.will be raised more than beforeB Endangered Trade(The Asian Wall Street Journal, Mar., 1999)Such is the special relationship between America and its NATO partners that while that alliance cooperates to bomb Serbian forces, the U.S. and the EU are managing a trade war against each other. Fortunately, no lives are at stake in the latter conflict. Yet if it spreads unchecked, the rest of the world is sure to feel the pain of it.It‘s hard to decide whether the U.S. or Europe deserves the most contempt for expanding their trade war. The first fight, over bananas, is essentially a struggle between two fruit distributors with strong political connections. Now Washington and Brussels are escalating their battle over beef, with European farmers stooping to phony science in their claims that hormone-treated American beef is unsafe.In his first term in office, President Bill Clinton teamed up with the Republicans to push major free-trade liberalizations. Now, however, he seems bent on pursuing ‗level even if playing fields,‘torpedoing the world economy. The latest salvo was fired this week, with the U.S. announcing it has targeted close to $1 billion of European products for 100% tariffs if the European Union doesn‘t drop the hormone nonsense.The move follows an earlier announcement that the U.S. administration will fight Europe‘s banana import regime by hitting a range of European goods with prohibitive tariffs. Add to this, renewed American threats to raise the drawbridge to Russian, Japanese and Brazilian steel, as well as administration support for a congressional vote to ban Concorde flights from Europe in relation for EU threats to refuse landing rights to old-American planes retrofitted with noise reducing technology.Mr. Clinton sounded the protectionist battle cry in his January State of the Union address, where he vowed to fight for ‗a freer and fairer trading system for 21st century America.‘ In the case of agriculture, when the respective lobbies on both sides of the Atlantic enter the fray, that translates into a sticky situation. On the whole, American farmers are major exporters. And U.S. farmers have a good case on beef hormones. But it is nonetheless dangerous for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion in trade.This is not to excuse the EU. The hormone argument is nonsense. The World Trade Organization has acknowledged as much, ordering the EU to allow imports of American meat by May 13. Brussels has responded by saying that it needs more time because European citizens, who supposedly don‘t like hormones in their food, would rebel against their governments if American meat suddenly appeared on their store shelves.Were it not for the high stakes involved for both producers and consumers, the argument might be amusing. When governments curtail trade the global economy shrinks and for all the jobs ‗saved‘by protections, there are a lot more lost. The Smoot-Hawley agricultural protections imposed by the U.S. Congress in the late 1920s certainly contributed to the Great Depression. Mr. Clinton may believe he is fighting the good fight. But we‘ve never thought much of the kind of war where you pose even when you win.Judge whether the following statement are True or False:35. ( ) The Trade war between the U.S. and the EU has cost no lives but is equally dangerous.36. ( ) It‘s very easy to decide who is to blame for expanding the trade war.37. ( ) The very beginning of the trade war suggests that it bears political significance.38. ( ) The author agrees that hormone-treated beef is harmful to one‘s health.39. ( ) President Bill Clinton used to be a believer of free trade, but not now.40. ( ) Level playing fields ca do good to the world economy.41. ( ) Besides its trade war with the EU, the U.S. is also in conflict with Japan, Russia andBrazil.42 .( ) The author thinks that in the case of beef, the American farmers are justified.43. ( ) The author thinks that it is a right decision for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion in trade.44. ( ) The two sides have submitted the case of beef to the WTO for settlement.III. Read the following passage and answer Questions 45-49 (20 points)The Rich Get Richer and ElectedBy Steven V. RobertsSpecial to The New York TimesWASHINGTON, Sept. 23 –The House of Representatives, which prides itself on being ―the people‘s House.‖ Has been turning into a rich man‘s club.The representatives newly elected in 1984 were almost four times as wealthy as the first-term lawmakers elected only six years before, according to a new study based one the members‘financial reports.Behind this remarkable a swing, the study says, are two main factors: a court decision that outlawed limits on what candidates could give to their own campaigns, and the enormous growth in the cost of pursuing a seat in Congress. As a result, it is increasingly difficult for candidates of modest means, particularly women, to mount successful challenges to entrenched office holders.One solution, the authors contend, is a system of public financing for campaigns, but Congress seems in no mood to change the political rules any time soon.―The lower chamber is going upper class,‖said Mark Green, the president of The Democracy Project, a public policy institute based in New York. ―But this evolution from a House of Representatives to a House of Lords denies the diversity of our democracy. It establishes a de facto property qualification for office that increasingly says: low and middle income need not apply.‖The Democracy Project produced the study in cooperation with the United States Public Interest Research Group, a similar institute situated in Washington. But their research was not entirely theoretical. In 1980 Mr. Green was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Congress in New York‘s 15th District, in Manhattan. The winner was Bill Green, one of the wealthiest members of Congress.Of Assets and MillionairesMembers of Congress must report their assets in broad categories, not exact numbers, so the figures in the study are not precise. But the minimum average wealth of the 43 lawmakers first elected last year was $251,292. Six years earlier, the 74 new members reported an average of only $41,358 in assets. With inflation figured in, the increase was almost 400 percent in real terms.Moreover, financial data on the class of 1978 indicated only one millionaire, William F. Clinger Jr., a Pennsylvania Republican. Last year‘s newcomers included 15 possible millionaires, more than a third of the entire group. Topping the list was Joseph J. Dioguardi, a Westchester Republican, who listed assets of $1 million to $2.46 million.The main reason for the change, Mr. Green maintains, is the Supreme Court decision of 1976 in the case of Buckley V. Valeo. In that case, the Court ruled that limits mandated by Congress on the amount a candidate could give to his or her own campaign were an unconstitutional abridgment of individual rights. At the same time, the Court upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.―Quite naturally‖, Mr. Green said, ―this puts a premium on personal wealth.The 43 Representatives newly elected in 1984 spent an average of $459,344; of that, $50,329 was their own money in an average case. Eight of the 43 spent more than $100,000 in personal funds but the clear leader was Tommy F. Robinson, an Arkansas Democrat, who contributed $441, 167 to his own campaign. Mr. DioGuardi was next with a personal donation of $210,000.The Senate Puts an even higher premium on wealth. Last year the average candidate for the Senate spent $2 million, and the roster of millionaires in the Senate is steadily growing.The second factor putting a premium on personal wealth, Mr. Green argues, is the rapid rise of political action committees. They tend to favor incumbents with their campaign contributions, and a result, Mr. Green says, is that it takes a wealthy challenger to make a race of things.One apparent effect is the obstacle this poses for women who run for Congress. While women in rapidly rising numbers are capturing local and state offices, their representation on the national level has stayed static. The class of 1984 included only two women: Helen D. Bentley of Maryland and Jan Meyers of Kansas, both Republicans.―It is largely men who control wealth in America,‖Mr. Green said, ―and if wealth is a major variable in political success, that automatically means more men will run and win.‖Fred Wertheimer, president of Common Cause, the public affairs lobby that studies campaign financing issues, summed up the situation this way: ―Today, if you‘re not personally wealthy, and you‘re not willing to indebt yourself to the PAC‘s, you face an uphill struggle just to get your message on the table.The authors of the study argue that some form of public financing for campaigns should be instituted. ―Competition for public office should be based more upon merit than money,‖asserted Gene Karpinski, executive director of the public interest research group.Mr. Wertheimer argues that ―members of Congress know they have a national scandal on their hands‖ and are willing to consider public financing, or at least a total limit on PAC contributions. But the chances for change in the current system remain decidedly poor.Obviously the current occupants of Capitol Hill have kept their seats under the present rules, which clearly favor incumbents. Accordingly, Mr. Green maintains, Congress is still probably ―several scandals away‖ from a serious push to change the campaign system.(From The New York Times, September 24, 1985)45. Why has the House of Representatives been changing into a rich man‘s club or a House of Lords?46. In what way did the Court decision favor the wealthy candidates?47. Are women far behind men in getting Congressional offices? Please give an example for your answer.48. What role do political action committees play in a campaign for public office?49. According to the author of the study, on what basis should the political race for public office be placed?V. Translate the following into Chinese: (20%)How to negotiateThe US is an attractive market. Its business culture, which has brought the world ―shareholder value‖and ―IPOs‖, has been leading commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.US business is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: ―If you can make it here, you can make it anywhere!‖ Yet a euphoric approach to business is by no means enough. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ruthlessly focused.Communicating is natural talent of Americans. When negotiating partners meet, the emphasis is on small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humour that is more direct than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in a relaxed way and with plenty of jokes to capture your audience‘s attention.答案I. 补上标题中省略或被代替的单词（每词分1分，共10分）1.The US is told not exploit the Tibet issue2.Rubin and Greenspan are at odds3.Visitors are flocking to Mao‘s birth place4. A man is quizzed after his wife is knifed in a sports storeII. 阅读理解A. 每小题1分，共30分5. B6. D7. C8.C9. D 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. D 14. A15. B 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. D 21.A 22. A 23. B 24. A25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33.B 34. CB.每小题2 分，共20分35. T 36. F 37. T 38. F 39. T40. F 41. T 42. T 43. F 44. TIII.每小题4分，共20分45.Because the House of Representatives is largely composed of wealthy men, and they getelected not on their merit, but on their money.46. The court decision outlawed limits on the amount that a candidate could give to his own campaign. At the same time it upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.47. Yes. Take the Congressional election in 1984 for example, only two women got elected.48. They play a very important role to help officeholders to get re-elected with campaign contributions.49. Some form of public financing should be taken. Competition for public office should be based more on merit than money.IV. 翻译20 分美国是一个有吸引力的市场。
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湖南广播电视大学开放教育期末考试英语报刊选读考试样题（2）（开卷）注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。
考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。
试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。
二、仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。
答案一定要写在答题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。
三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
Part I. Translate the following into Chinese: (20小题，每题2分，共40分)1. International Monetary Fund (IMF)2. United Nations Economic Council3. World Trade Organization (WTO)4. European Union5. Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)6. the Common Wealth7. Group of Eight (G8)8. The Times9. The Guardian10. Financial Times11. The Economist12. Washington Post13. News Week14. Reader‟s Digest15. Fortune16. financial crisis17. political asylum18. Downing Street19. Foreign Secretary20. the House of LordsPart II. Read the following news and choose the best answer. (5小题，每题2分，共10分) Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to get rid of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem –how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which uses not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no fuel is needed to make the campus's six buildings comfortable.Some parts of most modern buildings – theaters and offices as well as classrooms – are more than sufficiently heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery”. A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University's system is the first to recover heat from buildings and reuse it in others.Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students send out more heat than female students, and the larger a student is, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working overweight male genius.21. What is characteristic of the buildings on Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh?A. They are more comfortable to live in than other buildings.B. They collect body heat to regulate the temperature inside.C. They use light bulbs to heat the classrooms.D. They consume less fuel to keep the classrooms cool.22. According to the passage, the technique of heat recovery is used ________.A. to provide a special form of air-conditioningB. to provide heat for the hot water systemC. to find out the source of heatD. to collect heat and reuse it23. The phrase “the hottest prospect” in this passage refers to ________.A. the person who suffers most from heatB. the person who needs more heat than othersC. the person who gives off most heatD. the person who make better use of body heat24. Which of the following statements is NOT true according the passage?A. The harder a student works, the more heat he or she produces.B. The bigger a student is, the more heat he or she sends out.C. A girl student sends out more heat than a boy student.D. A large and hard-working boy student gives off the most heat.25. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?A. Recovery of Body Heat C. Modern Building‟s Heat SystemB. Body Heat and Sex D. Ways of Heating BuildingsPart III. Answer the questions according to the report: (5小题，每题5分，共25分)Commodities Report: The Bullish Case for Oil in 2011Triple-digit oil prices have reappeared on the horizon, and this time when crude passes that milestone, it might stay a while.Global oil demand is slowly rising as the U.S. and other major economies recover. Inventories of oil and fuel stockpiles in the U.S. – th e world‟s largest oil consumer – have steadily declined from 27-year highs in September. Demand in Latin America and Asia continues to grow as well.Add to that a slower, steadier rise in oil prices than was seen in 2007-08, and there‟s a good chance that oil can continue to push higher. …It‟s a combination of all these countries increasing demand,‟ says Mark Waggoner, president of Excel Futures in Bend, Oregon. …A little bit here, a little bit there – when you p ut it all together, it‟s a lot.‟Some big investors have increased bets that oil prices will continue their ascent. Goldman Sachs, J.P. Morgan and a growing roster of major energy-trading banks expect prices to rise above $100 a barrel in 2011 and stay there. Mr. Waggoner estimates oil could push as high as $130 a barrel next year.The net long position – or bets futures will rise – of hedge funds and other money managers has nearly tripled since July, according to data from the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.The last push above $100 a barr el is still fresh on investors‟minds. The rally ended in mid-2008, with crude priced at nearly $150. Within three months, however, prices were back below $100 and on their way to a nearly five-year low. The economy was in recession at the time, and prices couldn‟t hold amid falling consumer spending and a slowdown in manufacturing and global trade.This time, economists and other market watchers anticipate that the oil prices will not collapse, partly because the global economy is stronger, but also because the increases have been gradual. Oil futures took all of 2010 to rise from $80 to $90 a barrel; in late 2007, that gap was covered in five weeks. The slower increase has given consumers more time to adjust their household budgets. Also, prices for gasoline and home heating oil two years ago were much higher, which reset expectations about what a steep price increase feels like.…As long as gasoline prices go up fairly slowly, it‟s generally not a big problem,‟ says Bill O‟Grady, chief market strategist at Confluence Investment Management. U.S. retail gasoline prices, one of the key ways oil prices affect consumers, are up only 8.6% this year, averaging $2.86 a gallon at the end of November.Last weekend, ministers from the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries agreed to maintain quotas despite the recent oil price rally, signaling that they are comfortable with prices inching toward triple digits. The cartel, which cont rols about a third of the world‟s oil output, won‟t meet again until June 2011. And an official from Saudi Arabia, the de facto leader of OPEC, said sharp supply drops must accompany prices above $100 a barrel before the group increases production.Reported by Jerry A. DiColo Questions:26. What does the underlined phrase “Triple-digit oil prices” in Paragraph 1 mean?27.Which country is the largest oil consumer in the world?28. What does the underlined word ascent in Paragraph 4 mean?29. Why do economists and other market watchers anticipate that the oil prices will not collapse?30. How much does OPEC control the world‟s oil output?Part IV. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese: (1题，25分)31. Some American economists believe that if the price o f oil does rise further, it won‟t necessarily do economic damage. For one, the price spike of 2008 led many people and companies to cut back on energy consumption, a shift that could make them more resilient to price increases this time around. Beyond that, oil-price increases can have little to no impact if they correspond to a decrease in the value of the dollar against other currencies. Because oil is bought and sold in dollars, it doesn‟t become more expensive for most of the world‟s buyers unless the price increase exceeds the drop in the dollar. And in the U.S., the export boost from a cheaper dollar can create more jobs, offsetting the pain of higher prices at the gas pump.湖南广播电视大学开放教育期末考试英语报刊选读考试样题（2）答题纸Part I. Translate the following into Chinese: (20小题，每题2分，共40分)1. International Monetary Fund (IMF) ____________________________2. United Nations Economic Council ____________________________3. World Trade Organization (WTO) ____________________________4. European Union ____________________________5. Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) ____________________________6. the Common Wealth ____________________________7. Group of Eight (G8) ____________________________8. The Times ____________________________9. The Guardian ____________________________10. Financial Times ____________________________11. The Economist ____________________________12. Washington Post ____________________________13. News Week ____________________________14. Reader‟s Digest ____________________________15. Fortune ____________________________16. financial crisis ____________________________17. political asylum ____________________________18. Downing Street ____________________________19. Foreign Secretary ____________________________20. the House of Lords ____________________________Part II. Read the following news and choose the best answer. (5小题，每题2分，共10分)21. 22. 23. 24. 25.Part III. Answer the questions according to the report: (5小题，每题5分，共25分)26.27.28.29.30.Part IV. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese: (1题，25分) 31.。