陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解及练习

陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感慨句讲解与练习

一、陈述句

陈述句就是表达一件事情后者表达一种看法的句子。

陈述句的分类

陈述句可以分为肯定式和否认式两种。

1.肯定式

第一种：主语+谓语+其他，如

Lucy likes playing sports.

I am singing.

My father went to Beijing last week.

She can ride the bike.

第二种：主语+系动词+表语，如：

This room is empty.

We are good friends .

2.否认式

陈述句的否认式有以下三种：

第一种就是Be动词加，后面not 构成否认句。

如：lisa is not a student

There were not at school yesterday.

第二种就是实义动词，而且没有情态动词或助动时，要用"do/dose/did +not 构成否认。

如：Idon’t like music.

The farmer did not want to feed the rabbit.

第三种：谓语动词为"助动词、情态动词+实义动词〞时，要用"助动词/情态动词+not〞构成否认。

如：I am not going to play puter games.

Harry must not go to school at night.

We can not go hiking with you this weekend.

二、疑问句分为四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句。

1.一般疑问句通常以be ,have ,助动词或情态动词开头，答复时用Yes, No, 朗读

时要用升调。

2.特殊疑问句是对句子*一局部的疑问句。

特殊疑问句的句式是：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。疑问词有who, whom , whose , what, when, why , where ,how 等。如：who is our classmate" What does Kate do on Sundays"

Whose cat is it " which bag will they buy" When did he go out " Why don’t we go together"

Where were you last night " How are you today"

3.选择疑问句的构造是提供两种或两种以上的情况，供对方进展选择答复的句

子。

选择疑问句的句式是：一般疑问句+or +可选择局部。如：are the apples red or green "

选择疑问句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问句+or+可选择局部。如：which girl is taller ,Sally or Jessica"

选择疑问句的答复和特殊疑问句一样，不能用yes 或no ，要根据实际情况答复。朗读时，选择疑问句在or 前面的局部要用升调，句末要读降调。

4.反义疑问句的句式有两种，一种是：肯定句陈述句+否认构造的反意疑问句

是在陈述句的后面，对陈述句所说的实施或看法提出疑问的句子。

附加疑问句。如：you know him ,don’t you " 另一种是：否认陈述句+肯定构造的附加疑问句。如：Sandy can’t speaking English ,can he"

反义疑问句也要用yes 或No来答复。如果陈述句局部的内容是事实，就用yes 答复，后面相应的用肯定构造；如果陈述句局部的内容不是事实，就用no 来答复，后面跟否认构造。在翻译时要注意yes 和no的意思。

如：you know him ,d on’t you" Yes ,I do . (是，我认识。) No，I don’t ( 不，我不认识)

Sandy can’t speak English ,can he " Yes ,he can . (不，他会。) No，he can’t.(是的，他不会。)

在朗读时，陈述句局部用降调，附加疑问可以升也可以降。

三、祈使句

1.什么是祈使句

用来表示请示、命令、劝告、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。如：Sit down, please.

Be careful!

2.祈使句的分类

根据用途和功能，祈使句可以分为以下几类

表请求。如：Close the window , please.

表命令。如Stop talking!

表提醒或警告。如：Look out !The car is ing.

表邀请。如：Help yourself to some fish.

表示制止。如：Don’t spit ! No parking!

四、感慨句的构造

小学阶段的感慨句主要有how 和what 引导两种。

1.How感慨句的构造：how +形容词/副词+主语+谓语，如：how nice the boots

are!

2.what 感慨句的构造：What +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，如：

what a pretty girl she is ! 但是如果是可数名词复数或不可数名词，就可以去掉句中的a/an.

如：What e*pensive pens these are ! What pleasant weather it is!

稳固练习

根底题

( )1. Where is the man"

A. Under the tree

B. At 10:00

C. Read a book

D. My mother ( )2. How do you go to school"

A. At 8:00

B. I

C. Today

D. By bike ( )3. What’ he"

A. Working

B. His father

C. At home

D. A teacher. ( )4. What time do you get up every day"

A. At home

B. He

C. Clean my bedroom

D. At 7:00 ( )5. What _____ she do this morning"