Interpreting _An Overview
Interpreting英语口译
Professional code of ethics
Progression of Skills for Consecutive Interpreting
Memory Training: encoding, storage, retrieval,
categorization, generalization and comparison, mnemonics and aids to memory Public Speaking: voice projection, speed of delivery, eye contact Figures: Cardinal numbers, fractions, decimals, percentages, rates, ratios, totals, trends, stability, fluctuation, comparisons, intensifiers and softeners
Progression of Skills for Consecutive Interpreting
Summary: analysis and organization, focus
on main points Communicating across cultures: cultural references, idioms, humor and jokes Sight translation: structuring your delivery, sentences and sense groups
商务英语口译教程
Unit One An Overview of Interpretation Theories
Part One
“思”指的是信息的解码和编码处理，即对来源语信息的识别、解析和重构。口译要求译员具备深厚的语言功底，能够在瞬间透过语言的浅层结构洞察其深层结构。 “表”即表达，是指将以目标语编码之后的信息通过口头表达形式再现出来。
Unit One An Overview of Interpretation Theories
Part One
“听”是口译过程中信息传递的第一个重要环节。当然，“听”在这里不单纯指“听入”信息，因为有时是“视入”信息。听入是口译中最基本、最常见的信息接收形式。译员应主动听入信息，即有目的得接收语言信号，从而较完整、迅速地接受说话者的信息。 “记”指的是记忆。口译的记忆可有两种形式，一种是心记，另一种是笔记。无论是心记还是笔记，所记忆的内容主要是信息的概念和命题，而非信息的表现形式。在面对大量的信息时，译员应只记要点，不记细节。口译的临场性要求记忆与理解是同时进行的。
Unit One An Overview of Interpretation Theories
Part One
三、口译的特点(The Features of interpretation) 当我们说起口译的特点时，一般总是把口译和笔译相比较。口译与笔译的交流性质、目的、表达方式等方面的差别决定了口译有一些自己的特点。综述口译研究者的成果，口译有以下一些特点。 1．口译的即席性强 口译是一种即席性很强的翻译行为。一般情况下，口译人员即使知道今天要翻译的主题也很难预测说话者将要表达的具体的言语内容。尤其是做谈判翻译时，谈判双方会在很多方面有分歧，谈判者随时会调整自己的思路和计划，不可预测性更强。
interpretation1
沪市成交综述
成交金额 增 A股 B股 合计 减 成交量 增 减
554,909.9 260,319.0 7,191,568 3,380,274 6 5 9,480.59 6386.62 171,386 98,150 564,390.5 265,705.6 7,362,954 348,424 5 7
Exercises
• • e.g. World Expo 不夜城 磁悬浮列车 大学城 everbright city maglev train college town Metro pass
Why do I learn interpretation in college? 1. to enhance your English competence.
• Listen to the following conversation and start to interpret at the end of each segment.
Vocabulary to help
• • • • • • 取行李 claim the luggage time 马路对面 across the road auto parts 直飞：non-stop flight/fly directly 温哥华 Vancouver 倒时差 recover from your jet lag 锦绣中华：Splendid China Theme Park
• It delivers message from one language into another orally, aiming at bridging the linguistic and cultural barriers in international communication. • 1. It is done on request and for a financial reward; 2. it is paid for by a client; • 3. interpreters are subject to professional rules.
口译教程第一课
Abby
Teaching Objectives
Challenging Interpreting: a course of interpreting skills Students undertaking this course: A good knowledge of Chinese and English The ability to understand and use spoken language Understanding the theory underlying the principles and
二、口译练习 1.质量要求 2.译前准备
2.1课前检索与阅读 2.2课前检查 3.对话口译 从事旅游业 4.篇章口译 4.1 an introduction to an industrial village 4.2 being a traveler，not a tourist 4.3长城景区导游词 4.4旅游论坛致辞 三、日积月累 四、译员须知 礼仪常识
3.Types of interpreting（口译分类）
4）根据活动的性质和正式程度，可分为会议口译和联络口译
会议口译：conference interpreting 联络口译：liaison interpreting
3.Types of interpreting（口译分类）
5）根据译语的流向，可分为单向口译和双向口译
practice of interpreting Proficient in the skills and techniques which are used by
professional interpreters Constant professional improvement You will learn: how to sharpen your interpreting skills further
24trainingsightt...
摘要视译是在阅读文本的同时将文本内容翻译成另一种语言的翻译形式。
自20世纪70年代以来，译员越来越多地可以在正式口译之前获得发言人的演讲稿。
这一方面给译员提供了便利，另一方面也给译员带来了新的挑战。
从受重视程度来说，视译多数被认为是同声传译的附属，仅仅作为基础性训练，为交替传译、同声传译和带稿同传打基础。
因此，针对视译的研究一直为数不多。
然而，Marjorie Agrifoglio的论文《视译与口译—制约因素与失利原因的比较分析》引起了人们的注意。
论文通过实验证明，视译的最大挑战来自于文本对译员的视觉干扰。
和交替传译、同声传译相比，视译的内容错误较少，而表达错误较多。
要提高视译的表达质量就要从减少文本的视觉干扰开始。
笔者就是以此结论为出发点，假设事先对文本进行适当标记可以提高视译的质量。
笔者首先介绍了前人对视译理论和实践的研究，通过Gile的精力分配模型，Levelt的语言获得模型以及Anderson的ATC*模型和中英文句法结构的比较，阐释视译过程中译员可能面临的困难。
其次，通过请受试者进行做文本标记和不做文本标记的中英、英中视译对比实验来分析文本标记对视译的影响。
实验结果证实了笔者的假设，文本标记可以减少视译的视觉干扰，提高视译表达质量。
但是，由于中国学生在中英视译和英中视译中遇到的难点不同，文本标记对提高视译表达的作用也不尽相同。
鉴于中国学生面对英文文本可能存在的理解问题和紧张等心理因素，是文本标记所无法克服的，而在视译中文文本时，这些问题相对较少，文本标记对中国学生中英视译的帮助要大过英中视译。
因此，在视译教学中，应着重培养学生的文本标记能力，辅以提高英语阅读理解水平的课程，并将多种主题、多种类型的视译与带稿同传训练相结合，提高学生的综合口译能力。
关键词：视译，文本标记，视觉干扰，中英文句法结构差异ABSTRACTThe Effect of Text Marks on the Delivery of Sight TranslationJin LuSight interpretation is the kind of interpreting activity when the interpreter interprets the text while reading it. Since the 1970s, more and more interpreters have had access to the written speech before interpreting it which, one the one hand, makes the job easier, but on the other hand, brings about new challenges. Compared with simultaneous and consecutive interpreting, sight interpretation has been regarded as inferior and less demanding; therefore, not much effort has been devoted in studying sight interpretation. However, Marjorie Agrifoglio’s study: Sight interpretation and Interpreting—A Comparative Analysis of Constraints and Failures has drawn people’s attention. Agrifoglio found that interpreters made more expression mistakes and fewer meaning mistakes in sight interpretation than in consecutive or simultaneous interpreting. Then he came to the conclusion that the difficulty of sight interpretation lies in the visual interference posed by the text. It is to eliminate the visual interference that can improve the performance of sight translation. The author, inspired by this conclusion, assumes that making notes can improve sight translation and tries to prove the assumption.First of all, the author reviews the theories and previous studies on sight translation, and then describes the difficulties sight translators might have by explaining Gile’s Effort Models, Anderson’s ATC* Model, Levelt’s Language Acquisition Model and thestructural differences between Chinese and English. Next, the author conducts a control experiment with the help of two groups of Chinese subjects. Group A sight translates a Chinese and an English text without making any mark on it whereas group B marks the texts in their preferred way first and then translates them. The results support the author’s assumption, but meanwhile, it shows that, because Chinese students tend to have comprehension problems and tend to be nervous while sight translating English, which can not be overcome simply by marking the text, the effect of text marks on English to Chinese sight translation is less evident than that on Chinese to English sight translation. Therefore, it is suggested that text marking skills should be emphasized in sight translation training, supplemented by English reading comprehension courses. In addition, sight translation training and sight interpreting with text training should be provided in a coordinative way, covering various topics with varying preparation time, so as to improve students’ overall interpreting performance.Keywords: sight translation, text marks, visual interferences, structural differences between Chinese and EnglishList of TablesTable 1 Differences between SI, CI, ST (2)Table 2 Experiment Subjects (24)Table 3 Performance Comparison (29)Table 4 Backtrackings (32)Table 5 Improper Pauses (34)Table 6 Fillers (36)Table 7 Repetitions (39)Table 8 Number of Words Articulated per Minute (40)Table 9 Incomplete Sentences (41)Table 10 (A-B)/A (44)List of FiguresFigure 1 Performance Comparison (30)Figure 2 Backtrackings (33)Figure 3 Improper Pauses (35)Figure 4 Fillers (37)Figure 5 Repetition (39)Figure 6 Number of Words Articulated per Minute (41)Figure 7 Incomplete Sentences (42)Figure 8 (A - B)/A (45)学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。
MTI开题报告范文
mti学位论文开题报告参考模板一、重要岗位的实习报告the proposal of the translation internship report（注：在实习报告标题中应注明实习岗位——项目经理project manager、项目翻译translator/interpreter、项目审校proofreader。
）中英文标题摘要关键词abstractkey words1. 翻译实习概述an overview of the translation internship 1.1 实习背景background of the translation internship应简要交待本次翻译实习机会的由来和获取途径，并说明所实习的岗位是什么、在实习单位的定位是什么、其岗位职责是什么。
1.2 实习内容及目标the contents and objectives of the translation internship应以实习期间所亲身参与的某一次真实翻译项目为例，撰写实习报告。
此处应说明此次翻译项目的具体内容及目标，包括项目名称及编号、项目详情（翻译类型、翻译难度、语种、领域、场合、字数、时限等）、目标受众（译文读者、口译听众、使用场合等）、客户要求（容错率、表达流畅程度、排版、译员仪态等），等等。
2. 翻译实习计划designing and planning the translation internship 2.1 项目设计the design of the translation project（注：项目翻译实习报告的“项目设计”部分，可以适当参考翻译实践报告的“任务设计”部分）2.1.1 职责定位the intern’s role(s) in the translation project项目经理、项目翻译、项目审校应当根据自己的岗位职责和本次翻译项目的特点，分别对自己在整个项目中的职责进行明确定位。
英语口译课件
同声传译（simultaneous interpretation）： 又称同步口译，是译员在不打断讲话者演讲 的情况下，不停顿地将其讲话内容传译给听 众的一种口译方式。因为译员的口译与讲话 者的发言几乎同步进行，所以这种口译也被 称之为同步口译。同声传译的最大优点在于 高效率，可以保证讲话者作连贯发言，不影 响或中断讲话者的思路，有利于听众对发言 全文的同篇理解。同时传译被认为是最有效 率的口译形式，是国际会议所采用的最基本 的口译手段。同声传译有时也用于学术报告， 授课讲座等场合。
Contents
第七讲 口译技能训练之六：旅游与观光(Week 7) Travel and Sightseeing 第八讲 口译技能训练之七: 经济与发展(Week 8) Economy and Development 第九讲 口译训练技能之八：娱乐与大众传媒 (Week 9) Entertainment and Mass Media 第十讲 口译训练技能之九：卫生与健康(Week 10) Sanitation and Health 第十一讲 对外关系(Week 11) Foreign Relations 第十二讲 科技与进步(Week 12) Science, Technology and Progress 第十三讲 交通与事故(Week 13) Traffic and Accidents
An interpreter, on the other hand, has to be able to translate in both directions, without the use of any dictionares of interpreting
口译是指“对口头表达的信息及文本进行的口 头翻译”(Shuttleworth & Cowie, 1997:82)
1.口译概况
4. Sound psychological quality 5. Professionalism http://www.avlic.ca
VI. Pedagogical Principles
VII. Lectures for interpreting skills
Public Speaking Memory Note-taking Retelling Skills Figure switching Cross-cultural awareness
An Overview of Interpreting
Outline
1. Definition of interpreting
2. Types of interpreting
3. Process of interpreting 4. Criteria for interpreting 5. Qualifications of interpreters 6. Pedagogical Principles 7. Organization of the class 8. Assessment
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
IV. Criteria for Interpreting
1. Faithfulness/Fidelity 2. Expressiveness/Fluency 3. Quick Response
V. Qualifications of Interpreters
What makes a qualified interpreters?
3. Interpreting Skills
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) Listening for sense Memorization Note-taking Attention splitting Public speaking Figure switching Summarization Coping tactics Cross-cultural communication competence Advance preparation
中级口译教程(word版)版第一部分
上海紧缺人才培训工程教学系列丛书英语中级口译资格证书考试总主编戴炜栋中级口译教程InterpretationThird Edition梅德明编著目录第一部分口译概论Part One An Overview of Interpretation一、口译历史The Development of Interpretation 2二、口译定义The Definition of Interpretation 5三、口译特点The Characteristics of Interpretation 7四、口译标准The Criteria of Interpretation 9五、口译过程The Process of Interpretation 11六、口译类型The Categorical Classification of Interpretation 15七、口译模式 A Tripartite Model of Interpretation 17八、译员素质Interpreter Qualification Requirements 19九、口译培训Interpreter Training 21十、口译研究Research in Interpretation and Interpreting 22第二部分培训教程Part Two A Training Course第一单元口译技巧_______________________________________ 30Unit One Introducing Skills in Interpreting1-1称谓口译 Interpreting Titles 301-2谚语口译 Interpreting Proverbs 331-3引语口译 Interpreting Quotations 371-4数字口译 Interpreting Numbers 401-5口译笔记 Note-Taking in Interpreting 46第二单元接待口译_______________________________________---------- —------------------------------------------------------- — ------------------------ 54Unit Two Interpreting for Reception Service2-1机场迎宾 Greetings at the Airport 542-2宾馆入住 Hotel Accommodation 562-3宴会招待 Banquet Service 582-4参观访问 Getting Around 61句子精练 Sentences in Focus 64参考译文 Reference Version 66第三单元会谈口译_________________________------------------------------------------------------------------- — ---------------------------'75Unit Three Interpreting Conversations3-1欢迎光临 Welcome 753-2投资意向 A Wish to Invest 773-3合资企业 Establishing a Joint Venture 803-4文化差异 Cultural Differences 83句子精练 Sentences in Focus 88参考译文 Reference Version 90第四单元访谈口译____________________________________Unit Four Interpreting Interviews 1004-1行在美国Travel in America 1004-2艾滋哀之The AIDS Epidemic 1044-3经营之道Business Management 1074-4音乐天才 A Gifted Musician 111句子精练 Sentences in Focus参考译文 Reference Version第五单元礼仪性口译(英译汉） 127Unit Five Interpreting Ceremonial SpeechesEnglish-Chinese Interpretation5 -1故地重游 Revisiting the Old Haunt 1275-2愉悦之旅 A Pleasant Trip 1295 -3共创未来 Our Future 1325-4新的长征 A New Long March 135句子精练 Sentences in Focus 139参考译文 Reference Version 142第六单元礼仪性口译(汉译英） 150Unit Six Interpreting Ceremonial Speeches Chinese-English Interpretation6- 1新春联欢 Celebrating the Spring Festival 1506-2圣诞晚会 At the Christmas Party 1516-3开幕祝词 An Opening Speech 1536-4展望未来 Looking Ahead 156句子精练 Sentences in Focus 159参考译文 Reference Version 161第七单元介绍性口译(英译汉）171Unit Seven Interpreting Informative Speeches English-Chinese Interpretation7-1绿色城市 A Green City 1717-2浪漫香槟 The Romantic Champagne 1747-3游客之居 A Place to Stay 1777-4教堂之游 A Tour around the Cathedral 179句子精练 Sentences in Focus 182参考译文 Reference Version 185第八单元介绍性口译(汉译英) ___________ 192Unit Eight Interpreting Informative Speeches Chinese-English Interpretation8 -1丝绸之路 The Silk Road 1928-2传统节日 Traditional Holidays 1948-3教育之本 The Purpose of Education ‘1978-4出版王者 The Super-Publisher 200句子精练 Sentences in Focus 203参考译文 Reference Version 205第九单元说服性口译(英译汉) __________________ 218Unit Nine Interpreting Persuasive SpeechesEnglish-Chinese Interpretation9-1强市之路 The Road to a Prosperous City 2189-2广而误之 The Effects of Misleading Advertising 2249-3大学精神 The University Spirit 2279-4继往开来 The New Beginning of an Old Story 231句子精练 Sentences in Focus 235参考译文 Reference Version 238第十单元说服性口译(汉译英) ____________________ 247Unit T en Interpreting Persuasive SpeechesChinese-English Interpretation10 -1 第二文化 Acquiring a Sepond Culture 247 10-2 环境保护 Environmental Protection 249 10-3 迎接挑战 Meeting the Challenge 252 10-4 习武健身 Practising Martial Art for Your Health 256句子精练 Sentences in Focus 259参考译文 Reference Version 261第十一单元学术性口译(英译汉）275Unit Eleven Interpreting Academic SpeechesEnglish-Chinese Interpretation11-1 语言系统 The Linguistic System 275 11-2 人机之争 Two Kinds of Brain . 277 11 - 3 生物革命 The Biological Revolution 280 11-4 股票市场 The Stock Market 285句子精练 Sentences in Focus '' 288参考译文 Reference Version 291第十二单元学术性口译(汉译英） 299_Unit Twelve Interpreting Academic SpeechesChinese-English Interpretation12-1 语用能力 Communicative Competence 299 12-2 文化冲突〇n Cultural Clashes 301 12-3 书法艺术 The Art of Calligraphy 303 12-4 社区服务 Community Service 305句子精练 Sentences in Focus 308参考译文 Reference Version 310第十三单元商务性口译(英译汉）Unit Thirteen Interpreting Business Speeches321English-Chinese Interpretation13-1企业文化 Entrepreneurial Culture 321 13-2认识债券 Getting to Know Bonds 325 13-3硅谷之贵 The Unique Silicon Valley 329 13-4专利法规〇n Patent Laws 333句子精练 Sentences in Focus 336参考译文 Reference Version 338第十四单元商务性口译(汉译英）_________________ 347 Unit Fourteen Interpreting Business SpeechesChinese-English Interpretation14-1双边经贸 Bilateral Economy and Trade 34714-2亚洲合作 Asian Cooperation 35014-3夕卜资企业 Foreign-Capital Enterprises 35214-4经济关系 Economic Links 354句子精练 Sentences in Focus 358参考译文 Reference Version 360第十五单元科普性口译(英译汉） 373Unit Fifteen Interpreting Popular Science Speeches English-Chinese Interpretation15-1睡眠与梦 Sleep and Dream 37315-2音响今昔 The Sound Reproduction Industry 37515-3遗传信息 Genetic Information 37815-4左脑之优 Left Hemispheric Dominance 380句子精练 Sentences in Focus 384参考译文 Reference Version第十六单元科普性口译(汉译英) __________________ ____Unit Sixteen Interpreting Popular Science SpeechesChinese-English Interpretation16-1汉语概要 The ABC of Chinese 39416-2进化本质 The Nature of Biological Evolution 39616-3蚊虫之祸 The Power of the Petty Mosquito 39916-4用筷技艺 The Magic Chopsticks 401句子精练 Sentences in Focus 404参考译文 Reference Version 406第三部分口译测试I Part Three Interpretation Test in Brief口译测试概要与实践________________________________Interpretation T est ： Essentials and Practice英语中级口译考试的要求、形式及题型Intermediate Interpretation T est::Requirement, Structure and Form 420英语中级口译模拟测试Model T ests for Intermediate Interpretation T est 423英语中级口译模拟测试参考答案Reference Version for Intermediate Model T ests 458后记一.口译历史The Development of Interpretation一种语言文字所表达的意义经由另一种语言文字转达出来叫做翻译。
Lecture 1 Interpreting__ Overview
Preparation: Warm-up Exercise
E-C Interpreting
Please do not hesitate to ask if you shall encounter any inconvenience in life or work. 您在生活或工作中若有不便之处，请直接与我联系。 As an old Chinese proverb says, “all good things must come to an end.” 中国有句俗话，“天下没有不散的宴席”。
Video
Bridge between two cultures
Presentation: What is interpreting
A service activity with a communication function and it is done on request and for a financial reward.
Test Levels
Level 1:一级口译证书持有人能够胜任各种场合的口译工作（包括同声传 译），口译质量高。能够承担国际会议的专业交替传译或同声传译工作， 能够承担高级别正式场合讲话的口译工作。 Level 2: 二级口译证书持有人能够胜任多种场合的口译工作，口译质量 较高，达到专业翻译水平。能够承担一般性正式会议、技术或商务会谈， 以及类似活动的专业交替传译工作。 Level 3: 三级口译证书持有人能够胜任一般性会谈的口译工作。能够承 担一般性一般性内容讲话的交替传译和陪同口译工作。 Level 4: 英语专业大专或高职高专毕业生、英语专业本科二年级学生、 社会上具有同等学历水平的各类英语学习者和翻译爱好者。
浅议英文歌词汉译的可欣赏性
2342020年01期总第493期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS浅议英文歌词汉译的可欣赏性文/汪于祺能配曲演唱，到译文在文学意境、音律和词曲结合上都十分出色的过程。
此后一代又一代译配家的精彩作品纷纷问世，不断推动我国汉译英文歌曲发展。
随着我国不断扩大对外开放力度，国际交流愈加频繁，汉译英文歌曲大多已由配乐演唱转为歌词欣赏。
这或许降低了对音律方面的要求，但丝毫未降低歌词翻译难度。
在翻译中，我们仍需考虑文化背景、读者心理、措辞表达等多种因素，才能提高汉译英文歌词欣赏性。
二、汉译英文歌词的难度中西方文化存在诸多差异，音乐便是其中之一。
中国音乐虽早已掌握七声音阶，但重点一直在五声音阶上，重旋律轻和声，没有旋律就不成其为音乐，和声却无关紧要。
西一、汉译英文歌词的历史及现状歌曲是一种综合艺术体裁，包含音乐性与文学性。
古人云：“言之不足，故长言之；长言之不足，故歌咏之。
”足见歌曲自古便有之。
歌曲是各个民族和国家历史文化的表现形式之一，是中西方文化交流的桥梁，通过这座桥梁我们可以更好地理解对方的文化。
歌曲翻译隶属于文艺翻译，对人类社会的文化交流史和关系史作出了不可磨灭的贡献。
根据音乐学界的观点, 我国的外国歌曲翻译最早可追溯到清朝末年叶中冷翻译的美国歌曲《飞渡鸠迦》(现译名《进军佐治亚》)。
直到20世纪40年代, 我国引进的外国歌曲基本采用外国曲调填以中国古典诗词或自行填词两种方式，很少按照原文歌词译配介绍。
《马塞曲》《国际歌》等的翻译经历了从只作为译诗不【摘要】歌词翻译在促进东西方文化交流中不可或缺。
本文回顾了汉译英文歌词的历史和现状，分析了翻译的难度，并提出注意事项，以提高汉译英文歌词的欣赏性。
【关键词】英文歌曲；歌词翻译；欣赏性【Abstract】The translation of lyrics is indispensable in the exchange of Eastern and Western cultures. Nowadays, it is more used for appreciation than for singing. This paper reviews the history and current situation of this kind of translation, analyzes its difficulties and puts forward some concrete strategies to improve its appreciation.【Key words】English songs; translation of lyrics; aesthetic value 【作者简介】汪于祺(1988-)，女，汉族，河南开封人，高等教育出版社，编辑，硕士研究生，研究方向：英汉语言对比研究、典籍翻译、数字化课程建设。
口译教案
Teaching Manual An Intermediate Course of Interpretation For the Academic Year 2008-2009English MajorAn Overview of InterpretationI Introduction to the teaching scheduleII Preliminary Recognition to InterpretationIII Interpretation and the Interpreter3.1 The development of interpretation3.2 The definition of interpretation3.3 The characteristics of Interpretation3.4 The criteria of interpretation3.5 The Process of interpretation3.6 The Categorical classification of interpretation3.7 A tripartite model of interpretation3.8 Interpreter qualification requirements3.9 Interpreter Training3.10 Research in interpretation and interpreting3.11 Difficulties in interpretationGuiding LessonI Introduction to the teaching schedule•Eighteen weeks class study+ one week practical training.•Sixteen weeks finish sixteen units.•Two Weeks quizzes.•One week practical training.•Exam: Final result = 40% daily work + 60% final exam result.Daily work = 30% attendance + 40% performance + 30% quizzes results.Final exam result = 50% oral interpretation + 50% Exam paper.II Preliminary Recognition to the Interpretation1.As an English major student, have you ever thought about whatmain significance of foreign language learning is?To communicate with foreign culture, exchange the ideas withforeigners. Or in some sense, we can say ultimate significance of second language learning is translation. (Written translation and interpretation) So some scholar said interpretation/translation is not only the contact between two languages, but the collision/clash of two cultures.2.What is the language and what is the interpretation? Let’s learn itwith three exercises. After we finish these three exercises, we will draw a conclusion to answer the questions.Directions:Listen to the following two parts of remarks and then make retelling the main ideas respectively from Chinese to Chinese and from English to English. And interpreting the third part of words from English to Chinese firstly, and then interpreting it back to English. Taking notes is not permitted.A.Chinese to Chinese (retelling)闭幕式，我们要把掌声献给那些在赛场上拼搏了十多天的运动员们。
口译研究综述 interpretingPPT课件
one-to-many, monologic; vs. • Individual, power differential, face-to-face, dialogic
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The classification of Interpreting • 即席翻译（consecutive interpreting),即席翻译简称交传，在教学中通
•
Settings and constellations
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Typological parameters
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Domains and dimensions
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The Concepts of Interpreting
• Latin interpres (expounder, person explaining what is obscure, explaining the meaning, making sense of)
• Research as object, subject or discipline? • The field of interpreting studies, began to form a (sub)disciplinary identity of its own in
the 1990s. • Within the field of the wider field of Translation studies. • The translational activity of interpreting? • Parent vs. sub-disciplinary or independent?
告知英语作文模板
告知英语作文模板Writing an effective English essay can be a daunting task for many students. However, by understanding the key components of a well-structured essay and following a clear template, the process can be made much more manageable. In this essay, I will provide an overview of the essential elements of an English essay and offer a template that can be used as a guide for crafting your own compositions.At the core of any successful essay is a clear and well-defined thesis statement. This is the central argument or main idea that you will be exploring and supporting throughout your paper. A strong thesis statement is typically one to two sentences long and should be positioned at the end of your introductory paragraph. It should be specific, debatable, and provide a clear direction for the rest of your essay.Following your thesis statement, the body of your essay will be divided into several paragraphs, each of which should focus on a distinct supporting point or idea. Each paragraph should begin witha topic sentence that introduces the main focus of that section. The subsequent sentences should then provide relevant evidence, examples, and analysis to support the central claim. It is important to ensure that each paragraph flows logically and cohesively from one to the next, creating a seamless and coherent argument.In addition to a clear thesis and well-structured body paragraphs, a well-crafted English essay should also include a compelling introduction and a strong conclusion. The introduction should provide some background information on the topic, capture the reader's attention, and lead into the thesis statement. The conclusion, on the other hand, should summarize the main points of your argument, restate the thesis, and leave the reader with a lasting impression or a call to action.Another crucial element of an effective English essay is the use of supporting evidence. This can come in the form of quotes, statistics, expert opinions, or real-world examples. It is important to carefully select and integrate this evidence into your essay, using it to support and strengthen your overall argument. Additionally, you should always be sure to properly cite any sources you use, following the appropriate citation style (e.g., MLA, APA, Chicago).Furthermore, effective English essays should demonstrate strong critical thinking and analytical skills. This means going beyond simplystating facts or summarizing information; rather, you should be analyzing, interpreting, and drawing connections between different ideas and perspectives. Your essay should showcase your ability to think critically, consider multiple viewpoints, and arrive at a well-reasoned conclusion.Finally, it is essential to pay close attention to the mechanics of your writing, including grammar, spelling, and sentence structure. A well-written essay should be free of errors and should flow smoothly, with transitions between ideas and a consistent, academic tone. Proofreading and editing your work is crucial to ensuring that your essay is polished and professional.In conclusion, the key to crafting a successful English essay lies in understanding and incorporating the essential elements of a well-structured and well-written composition. By following a clear template, focusing on a strong thesis statement, developing well-supported body paragraphs, and demonstrating critical thinking and attention to detail, you can create an essay that is both compelling and effective. With practice and dedication, you can hone your essay-writing skills and become a more confident and successful academic writer.。
英语口译教程专家讲座
英语口译教程专家讲座
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Interpretation: An Overview
口译定义：definition “口译是一个经过口头表示形式，将所听到（间或 读到）信息准确而又快速地由一个语言转换成另一 个语言，进而到达传递与交流信息之目标交际行为， 是人类在跨文化、跨民族交往活动中所依赖一个基 本语言交际工具。”（ 教材P5） 口译是指“对口头表示信息及文本进行口头翻 译”(Shuttleworth & Cowie, 1997:82)
英语口译教程专家讲座
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By ways:
单向口译 ( one-way interpretation ) 双向口译 ( two-way interpretation )
英语口译教程专家讲座
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By contents:
导游口译 ( guide interpretation ) 礼仪口译 (ceremony interpretation ) 宣传口译 ( information interpretation ) 会议口译 ( conference interpretation ) 谈判口译 ( negotiation interpretation )
英语口译教程专家讲座
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Differences between interpretation and translation
the difference in the medium
the difference in the time limit
The key skill of a very good translator is the ability to write well，professional translators almost always work in only one direction, translating only into their native language ,using a good library of dictionaries and reference materials,
catti二级英语口译
catti二级英语口译In today's globalized world, the ability to communicate effectively in English has become increasingly important. As a result, the demand for professional language interpreters has skyrocketed. In order to meet this demand, many individuals are seeking to obtain certification in English interpretation, with the CATTI (China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters) exam being one of the most recognized and respected certifications in China. This article aims to provide an overview of the CATTI Level 2 English interpretation exam and offer some tips for success.1. Overview of the CATTI Level 2 English interpretation examThe CATTI Level 2 English interpretation exam is designed to evaluate candidates' ability to interpret between Chinese and English in various scenarios, including conferences, presentations, and business negotiations. The exam consists of three parts: simultaneous interpretation, consecutive interpretation, and sight translation. Each part tests different skills and requires different approaches.2. Simultaneous interpretationSimultaneous interpretation is perhaps the most challenging part of the CATTI exam. Candidates are required to listen to a speech in one language and simultaneously interpret it into the other language. This requires exceptional language proficiency, excellent listening skills, and the ability to think quickly on your feet. To succeed in this part of the exam, it is crucial to practice active listening, develop a large vocabulary, and improve your note-taking skills.3. Consecutive interpretationConsecutive interpretation involves listening to a speech in one language and then interpreting it into the other language after a short pause. Unlike simultaneous interpretation, candidates have the advantage of taking notes during the speech. However, this also means that candidates must have strong memory retention skills in order to accurately convey the information. Additionally, it is important to develop good public speaking skills and maintain a clear and natural delivery.4. Sight translationSight translation requires candidates to read a document written in one language and accurately translate it orally into the other language. This part of the exam tests candidates' reading comprehension skills, vocabulary, and grammar knowledge. It is essential to practice reading various types of texts, such as legal documents, news articles, and business reports, to become familiar with different terminologies and styles.5. Tips for success in the CATTI Level 2 English interpretation exam- Prepare thoroughly: Familiarize yourself with the exam format and practice interpreting in different scenarios. Build up your vocabulary and strengthen your understanding of idioms and expressions commonly used in both Chinese and English.- Enhance your language skills: Regularly engage in activities that improve your listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. Read extensively in both languages, watch English language TV shows and movies, and engage in conversations with native English speakers.- Practice under exam-like conditions: Attempt mock exams to simulate the testing environment and gain a better understanding of your strengths and weaknesses. Pay attention to time management and develop strategies to overcome anxiety and nerves.- Seek feedback and guidance: Consider working with a language tutor or attending interpretation workshops to receive constructive feedback on your performance. The guidance and suggestions from experienced professionals can greatly enhance your skills and boost your confidence.In conclusion, the CATTI Level 2 English interpretation exam is a comprehensive assessment of candidates' language proficiency and interpreting abilities. To succeed in this exam, candidates must have a solid foundation in both Chinese and English, as well as strong analytical skills and effective communication abilities. By thoroughly preparing for the exam and implementing the tips provided, candidates can significantly increase their chances of achieving a favorable outcome. Good luck!。
写报告用英语怎么说
写报告用英语怎么说一、引言在日常工作和学习中，我们经常需要写报告。
而如何用英语表达我们的思想和观点，是每个学习者都需要掌握的技能。
本文将分享一些有关写报告常用的英语表达和技巧。
二、报告的目的1. Introduce the topic（介绍话题）In this report, I would like to discuss...（在这份报告中，我想讨论...）The aim of this report is to present...（这份报告的目的是呈现...）2. Present the background information（提供背景信息）To begin with, let us look at...（首先，让我们看一下...）It is important to understand the context...（了解背景十分重要）This report is based on extensive research...（这份报告基于广泛的研究）3. State the objectives（阐述目标）The objectives of this report are as follows...（这份报告的目标如下...）Our main goal is to analyze the impact...（我们的主要目标是分析影响...）三、方法和结构1. Methodology（方法）For this report, we employed a mixed methods approach...（在这份报告中，我们采用了混合方法的方式...）We conducted a survey/questionnaire/interviews...（我们进行了一项调查/问卷/访谈...）The data was collected from...（数据来源于...）2. Structure of the report（报告结构）This report is divided into three main sections...（这份报告分为三个主要部分...）The first section provides an overview of...（第一部分提供了...的概述）In the second section, we analyze the findings...（第二部分，我们对结果进行了分析）Finally, the last section presents recommendations...（最后，最后一部分提出建议...）四、分析和发现1. Analyzing the data（数据分析）The data reveals that...（数据显示...）Statistical analysis shows that...（统计分析表明...）From the survey responses, it is evident that...（从调查回答来看，很明显...）2. Key findings（主要发现）One of the key findings is that...（一个主要的发现是...）The research indicates that...（研究表明...）It is worth noting that...（值得注意的是...）五、讨论和解释1. Interpreting the results（解释结果）These findings can be interpreted as...（这些结果可以解释为...）The data suggests that...（数据显示...）The results can be attributed to...（结果可以归因于...）2. Discussion of implications（讨论影响）These findings have important implications for...（这些结果对于...具有重大意义）This research contributes to our understanding of...（这项研究对我们对...的理解有所贡献）The implications of this study are relevant to...（这项研究的影响与...相关）六、结论和建议1. Conclusion（结论）In conclusion, this report has examined...（总结来说，这份报告调查了...）Based on the findings, it can be concluded that...（根据结果，可以得出结论...）Overall, the results indicate that...（总体来说，结果表明...）2. Recommendations（建议）To improve the situation, it is recommended that...（为了改善这种情况，建议...）Based on the findings, it is suggested that...（根据结果，建议...）In light of these results, it is advisable to...（根据这些结果，建议...）七、结尾1. Thanking the audience（感谢观众）Thank you for your attention/for taking the time to read this report...（感谢您的关注/抽出时间阅读这份报告...）If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact me...（如果您有任何问题或建议，请随时与我联系...）2. Reiterate the main points（再次强调主要观点）This report has provided a comprehensive analysis of...（这份报告对...进行了全面的分析）The findings and recommendations presented here are based on thorough research...（这里所呈现的结果和建议基于深入的研究）八、致谢I would like to express my gratitude to...（我想表达对...的感谢）I am grateful for the support and guidance provided by...（我感谢...提供的支持和指导）在写报告时，使用恰当的英语表达可以使思想更加明确，交流更加顺畅。
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正式语体
I wish to thank you，Mr. Premier, for accepting my invitation to share your evening with my colleagues and me, and for honoring Canada with your presence. These have been very pleasant days in Peking, and I’m happy that this phase of my visit should conclude in such a congenial atmosphere.
口译使用的语体
口语语体 Q: Dear Michael, who taught you how to play golf and do you still use a coach? A: A lot of people helped teach me— mostly my buddies at the UNC while I was a student.I occasionally use a PRO to advise me on improving --but no one regular. I've come to realize that I'm just a "hack"--so now I am enjoying just playing without a lot of我和我 的同事们欢聚一堂。您的光临使加拿大 感到荣幸。在北京的这些日子是令人愉 快的，而且使我感到高兴的是，我访问 途径的这一站能够在如此意气相投的气 氛中结束。
口译人员行为准则 Code of Conduct for Public Service Interpreters in Britain 1. INTRODUCTION Public Service Interpreters are expected to abide by the Code of Conduct to which they are signatories. The standards in the Code set a framework for interpreting in the public services, upheld if necessary by professional and impartial disciplinary procedures. The objective of the code of Conduct is to make sure that communication across language and culture is carried out consistently, competently and impartially, and that all those involved in the process are clear about what may be expected from it. This Code of Conduct is registered with the Office of Fair Trading (Registration No. RMS/215 1)
Interpretation: An Overview
口译定义：definition “口译是一种通过口头表达形式，将所听到（间或 读到）的信息准确而又快速地由一种语言转换成另 一种语言，进而达到传递与交流信息之目的的交际 行为，是人类在跨文化、跨民族交往活动中所依赖 的一种基本的语言交际工具。” 口译是指“对口头表达的信息及文本进行的口头翻 译”(Shuttleworth & Cowie, 1997:82)
问:亲爱的迈克尔,谁教你打高尔夫球,你 现在还有教练吗? 答：有许多人教过我—多数是我在北卡 罗来纳大学时的老同学.偶尔会请个职业 教练帮帮我,但不经常.我已经渐渐认识 到我不过是随便玩玩而已.所以现在更不 想要教练,就自己玩.
较正式语体 Q: Women in the United States generally live longer than men. But in recent years that gap has been narrowing a bit. How has that affected the life insurance business? A: It is not narrowing that much, thank goodness. We are still outliving men, we are still. We have quite a gap on them, still about 7-8 years. The only reason it’s narrowing is women are doing things to themselves that they shouldn’t be doing , like smoking ,and all those bad habits that men have had for many years. But it is not narrowing for other reasons.
3.4 intervene only 3.4.1 to ask for clarification 3.4.2 to point out that a party may not have understood something 3.4.3 to alert the parties to a possible missed cultural inference 3.4.4to ask for accommodation for the interpreting process 3.5 not delegate work, nor accept delegated work, without the consent of the client; 3.6 be reliable and punctual at all times; 3.7 must state (in a criminal trial) if they have been involved in interpreting at the police station on the same case.
3. PROCEDURE Interpreters will 3.1 interpret truly and faithfully what is said, without anything being added, omitted or changed; in exceptional circumstances a summary may be given if requested, and consented to by both parties; 3.2 disclose any difficulties encountered with dialects or technical terms, and if these cannot be satisfactorily remedied, withdraw from the assignment; 3.3 not enter into the discussion, give advice or express opinions or reactions to any of the parties;
Differences between interpretation and translation
the difference in the medium the difference in the time limit The key skill of a very good translator is the ability to write well，professional translators almost always work in only one direction, translating only into their native language ,using a good library of dictionaries and reference materials； An interpreter, on the other hand, has to be able to translate in both directions, without the use of any dictionaries on the spot.
It is defined as “oral translation of a written text” (Shuttleworth & Cowie, 1997:83). Interpreting is a service activity with a communication function. (Gile) It is usually a face-to-face communicative act.
By ways:
单向口译 ( one-way interpretation ) 双向口译 ( two-way interpretation )
By contents:
导游口译 ( guide interpretation ) 礼仪口译 (ceremony interpretation ) 宣传口译 ( information interpretation ) 会议口译 ( conference interpretation ) 谈判口译 ( negotiation interpretation )
问:在美国,一般来说妇女比男人更长寿,但是 近年来差距在缩小.这对人寿保险业有什么影 响? 答:感谢上帝,差距并没有缩小多少.我们还是 比男人寿命长.我们和他们的寿命有很大差距, 大约仍有七、八年的差距。差距缩小的唯一原 因是妇女们做那些不该做的事情，如吸烟以及 男人们很久以来就有的一些坏习惯。除此以外 没有别的原因。