托福综合写作解析2
托福综合写作批改
托福综合写作批改一、整体结构。
托福综合写作的结构超级重要哦。
一般来说呢，它是由阅读部分和听力部分组成，然后我们要在写作里把两者的关系处理好。
1. 开头部分。
- 好多小伙伴在开头就容易出问题。
你得简洁明了地指出阅读和听力的主要观点是啥，可别绕圈子。
比如说，阅读说学校应该建个新的体育馆，因为能让学生有更多锻炼的地方，还能提升学校形象。
那你在开头就得把这个观点和听力是同意还是反对给点出来。
要是听力是反对的，你就可以说“阅读认为建体育馆有诸多好处，然而听力却不这么认为”。
可别写得太啰嗦，什么“在当今社会，学校的建设是一个备受关注的话题，其中建体育馆更是引起了广泛的讨论……”这种就太拖沓啦。
2. 主体部分。
- 主体部分就是要详细阐述阅读和听力中的理由啦。
这里呢，要按照阅读和听力的对应关系来写。
比如说阅读给出了三个理由，听力也会针对这三个理由进行反驳或者支持。
那你就得一个一个地来。
- 如果阅读说建体育馆能让学生多锻炼是因为现在的体育馆设施太旧，学生都不爱去。
然后听力反驳说其实不是设施的问题，而是学生课业太重，根本没时间去新的体育馆。
那你在写的时候就可以说“阅读觉得旧体育馆设施导致学生不爱锻炼，但是听力指出是课业重而非设施问题”。
要把这种对比清晰地呈现出来哦。
而且呢，不要只简单地重复阅读和听力的内容，要用自己的话去概括，不然就会显得很生硬。
3. 结尾部分。
- 结尾也不能马虎。
要再次点明阅读和听力的主要观点关系。
像“总的来说，阅读提出的建体育馆的好处被听力一一反驳，建体育馆也许并不是一个明智的选择”这样就可以。
不要突然在结尾又提出新的观点或者想法，就紧扣阅读和听力的内容就好。
二、语言表达。
1. 词汇运用。
- 托福综合写作不需要用特别高大上、生僻的词汇。
有些同学为了显得自己很厉害，就拼命用那些很少见的词，结果用错了。
比如说“propitious”这个词，很多人以为是“合适的”意思就乱用，其实它更偏向“吉利的”。
还不如用“suitable”或者“appropriate”这种简单又准确的词呢。
托福综合写作答案详细解析
080105CNW1【08 年1 月5 日大陆托福机经写作第1 题-综合写作】The reading passage explains the negative effects of introducing foreign species into a local ecosystem. The lecture, on the other hand, offers counterarguments to prove that introduced species many not necessarily be harmful.First, according to the reading, imported species may destroy the existing balance within an ecosystem. However, the lecturer argues that these species don’t always do harm to the local ecosystem. Instead they may bring benefits to local agriculture.Second, the reading states that imported species may destroy the useful aspects of local species. Yet the lecturer points out that this is not always the case. He points out that it depends on local circumstances. For example, the cane toads introduced into the state of Florida have helped to exterminate pests that have infested local harvest.Finally, the reading contends that imported species may add to the local economic burden. Again, the lecturer refutes this point by saying that the impact on local economy varies from place to place. He/She uses the example of mesquite to illustrate this point. This plant imported into Africa has been used as food and firewood by the local people, a useful contribution to the local economy.080427CNW1The reading passage provides three pieces of evidence to support author Gavin Menzies’s claim that it was Chinese who first visited the Americas. However, the lecturer dismisses this claim as unfounded.First, as to the markings resembling Chinese characters discovered on a rock on Bimini Road, the lecturer argues that these markings are natural formation rather than human engraving. It looks as if they were carved by humans but a closer examination by geologists would immediately reveal that they are formed by natural forces.Second, regarding the donut-like anchor found off the Coast of Bimini, which seems to be made by Chinese, the speaker suggests that this does not necessarily mean Chinese had been there first, because similar anchors had long been used in navigation by many other countries.Finally, the lecture refuses to view the stone towers on Bimini Island as evidence of the arrival of Chinese sailors earlier than others. He points out that although these towers look like a Chinese lighthouse from a distance, they are in fact built in an English architectural style. Furthermore, carbon dating technique has indicated that the construction by Chinese sailors took place much later than the 15th century.090118CNW1The lecturer argues against the theory presented in the reading that the inhabitants of Easter Island originally came from South America.The first point in the reading is that settlers from South American could have arrived at Easter Island by taking a raft and sailing with wind. However, the lecturer argues that there were no remains of rafts or boats on the island that had signs of a South American origin.Secondly, the reading refers the stone walls on Easter Island as evidence because they had similar structure with the Inca stone walls in South America. However, the lecturer says that they only have superficial similarity. A closer study reveals that the stone walls on Easter Island were hollow inside, unlike those in South America.Finally, the reading states that some plants on Easter Island clearly came from South America, but the lecturer throws doubts on that evidence. He explains that the seeds of native South American plants could have drifted across the ocean and reached Easter Island, and then germinated and propagated there. Studies show that even after several days of being immersed in sea water, the seeds can still grow.090222CNW1Some dinosaur fossils were discovered in Ghost Ranch which, according to the reading passage, could explain the death of a heard of dinosaurs in that area. Three possible hypotheses were given as to why these dinosaurs died, but the lecturer challenges these explanations.The first hypothesis is that the dinosaurs may have been stuck in the mud and eventually died there because they could not escape. This theory was supported by evidence that mud was found around the bones. Weixin:laoxikou. However, the lecturer argues that if the dinosaurs did indeed die stuck in the mud, their bones found at the site would have been found lying down instead of standing up.The second hypothesis is that the dinosaurs died after drinking poisoned water since there were poisonous chemicals found in their bodies. However, the lecturer points to the remains of fish also found in the same site, arguing that these fish showed no signs of being poisoned, indicating that poisoned water may not have been the cause of death.The last hypothesis is a sudden flood which had drowned the dinosaurs to death. This is supported by evidence that the skeleton of the dinosaurs remained complete. The opposing evidence, however, is that the dinosaurs appeared to have died with their necks curved inward. This posture indicates that their death occurred before the flood.090613CNW1The reading passage provides three reasons to argue against paying admission charges to national parks. However, in the lecture, the professor states that admission charges are reasonable.The first point in the reading is that most national parks are built and maintained by taxpayers’ money, so they should provide free access to every taxpayer. The professor, on the other hand, points out that not every tax payer would pay a visit to the national park, so it would only be fair if those who do visit the park are charged with some admission fees, and those who never visit the park are not.Second, the reading claims that the number of visitors to national parks will decline if they are not free. However, the lecturer does not agree with this. He argues that, on the contrary, parks that charge admission will receive even more visitors. This is because people will think of parks that charge high admission fees as more worth visiting than those parks that charge less or provide free entranceFinally, according to the reading, work related with ticket sales and disposal may distract staff’s attention from doing more important things such as providing safety measures and protecting park environment. Yet the lecturer regards such work as beneficial because it gives employees at the park opportunities to get close to visitors, learn about their needs, and listen to their suggestions on how to improve the park.090808CNW1（=071028CNW1）The reading passage challenges a claim that a cave discovered in North America has a history of 20,000 years. However, the lecture supports this claim.First, the reading argues that carbon dating does not necessarily produce convincing data about the true age of this cave, because the carbon samples used for dating might have originated from somewhere else. However, the professor questions this argument. He says that, if these carbon elements indeed came from other sources, there should have been signs of erosion, or indications in the ground water.(由于机经回忆不详，无法还原更多答案细节，考试时请注意听)Second, the reading states that the last ice age was about 20,000 years ago. The plants and handicrafts excavated from this cave could not have dated so long ago because they require warm conditions for preservation. However, the professor argues that the cave could have supported a warm condition, because it was located at lower altitudes, and temperatures tended to increase at such altitudes.Third, the reading points out that human or animal activities over the ages might have moved lower layers of archaeological objects to upper layers, making interpretation of the age of these objects less accurate. However, the lecturer refutes this theory by saying that human or animal activities could only have affected stratifications close to the surface of the soil. Excavation of the cave was deep beneath the soil, so destruction at that depth was less than possible.091018CNW1Many farms in the US suffer crop damage from hail. Cloud seeding is a common technique used to prevent such damage. Cloud seeding works by dispersing chemicals such as silver iodide into the cloud, turning hail into light snow. Three pieces of evidence in the reading passage prove that cloud seeding is very effective in preventing hail damage to crops. However, the lecture refutes each of them.First, the lecturer argues that success in lab experiment is not sufficient to prove that cloud seeding is beneficial in reality. Silver iodide not only reduces hail, but also reduces natural phenomenon such as snow and rain, which may lead to drought. This is even worse for the crops.Second, success in Asia cannot be repeated in other places. Asian cities have a high level of pollution so there are large amounts of particles in the air which react with silver iodide for cloud seeding to work. Weixin:laoxikou.However, in the US, the skies over farmlands are not polluted and do not have these particles. So cloud seeding is not likely to work well in these regions.Finally, local study is not convincing either. Indeed local records show that in some places that use cloud seeding, occurrences of hail damage are reduced. But in other places where cloud seeding is not used, there is also a decrease in hail damage. So the improved situation may not be the result of could seeding. They may be due to other environmental factors.091025CNW1Some high schools require students to participate in volunteer activities for at least 2 hours every week. The reading passage claims that such requirement is not meaningful, while the lecture argues that volunteer work is beneficial to high school students and therefore justified.Firstly, the reading says that some high school students can easily fulfil this requirement by reporting that they have done some work in places like their grandparents’ gardens. There is no way the school can monitor their work. However, the lecturer says that students’ own report is only part of the evaluation. The school also checks with relevant local authorities at the students’ place of work, asking for official document as proof of the student’s record of volunteer service.Secondly, the reading raises the concern that volunteer work mandated by the school may instill a concept in students’ mind that volunteer work is actually tied with some forms of benefits. This may prevent students from participating in volunteer work in the future when there is no such benefit. Yet the lecturer explains that many students who have done some types of volunteer work such as working in the hospital regard such experience as very powerful and rewarding. They feel motivated to continue doing volunteer work in the future.Finally, according to the reading passage, requiring students to do volunteer work is a violation of student’ freedom and rights, which is illegal. The lecturer, however, draws an analogy between volunteer work and academic curricula. He argues that if there is nothing wrong with schools requiring students to take academic courses such as math, then they are not violating any student’s right when they demand the student to do some volunteer work.091121CNW1The reading passage states that it is impossible to establish permanent human presence on Venus, due to significant challenges caused by the plant’s hostile surface environment. Yet the lecturer argues that there are ways to overcome these challenges.The first challenge is pressure. The atmospheric pressure on the surface of Venus is far greater than on Earth, so any spacecraft that tries to land on Venus for more than one hour would inevitably crush. [s-keygen-aswer-20110108]However, the lecturer argues that 50 meters above the surface of Venus, the atmospheric pressure is similar to that on Earth, so humans can probably establish floating stations above Venus like balloons.Furthermore, water and oxygen, both essential for human survival, are almost absent from Venus. But the lecturer states that water and oxygen can be produced by chemical process. Venus provides plenty of raw materials to allow such process so there is no need to transport water and oxygen from Earth to Venus.The final challenge is the dense layer of clouds over Venus, which blocks sunlight, making navigation based on solar power unlikely over Venus. However, the lecturer explains that solar cells can be used effectively because there is plenty of sunlight above the clouds and these clouds also reflect sunlight down below, providing abundant sources of electricity091205CNW1（=070721CNW1）The dodo bird is an extinct species native to the island of Mauritius. The reading passage attributes the extinction of the dodo to the Dutch settlement on the island. However, the lecture rejects this view.First, the reading states that the dodo is a flightless and so defenseless bird, but they were unafraid of humans, making it easy prey for the Dutch settlers on the island. However, the lecturer argues that the Dutch settlers found that the dodo meat was unpleasant to eat. Actually, the Dutch called the dodo, in their native language, the disgusting bird.Second, the reading claims that when the Dutch settled on the island, they had destroyed the forest, which severely reduced the territory in which dodos could live and reproduce. The lecturer admits that there was deforestation on the island, but he argues that deforestation did not cover the entire island. He also points to the fact that many other bird species did not become extinct because of deforestation.Finally, in contrast to the reading’s argument that a disease brought by the Dutch may have killed the dodos, the professor says the dodo population may already have been declining. He then blames the extinction of the dodo on natural disasters such as massive cyclones that destroyed their nests and eggs.100221CNW1The lecture rejects views presented in the reading passage regarding the effectiveness of iron fertilization. Contrary to what the reading says, the lecturer argues that iron fertilization is a promising solution to global warning.First, the reading criticizes that iron fertilization is an ineffective solution because experiments show that only a small amount of carbon dioxide can be absorbed. Yet the lecturer rejects this criticism,arguing that experiments last too short (only a month) for the effect of iron fertilization to be visible. Increased CO2 absorption would only be significant in the 2nd or 3rd month.Second, the reading warns us that toxic chemicals released in the process of iron fertilization will harm local fishery as well as humans who eat contaminated fish. However, the lecturer argues that contamination is limited within certain areas only. By practicing iron fertilization in isolated areas away from the fish population would help to reduce such risk.Finally, regarding the reading’s worry that iron fertilization may cause unpredictable damage to a region’s marine eco-system, the lecturer argues that such risk is worth taking because iron fertilization address a more important issue – global warming, which causes a much higher level of risk to the ocean environment across the entire globe. So iron fertilization is completely justifiable. 100626CNW1（=080816NAW1）The reading passage presents three pieces of evidence for microscopic life in a meteorite from Mars. However, the lecturer challenges this view, claiming that the evidence is flawed.First, microscopic image of meteorite fragments show fossils of tube-like organisms which suggests that a primitive form of life may have existed on Mars. However, the lecturer argues that these fossils may have appeared as a result of changes in the meteorite sample’s shape and characteristic feature as it was prepared for microscopic scanning.Second, a chemical compound found on the meteorite is very similar to a chemical compound on Earth called boron ( 硼), a necessary ingredient for life. Weixin:laoxikou.Yet this view is contested by the lecturer, who states that this chemical substance does not necessarily originate from Mars. The meteorite could have contained this chemical due to its impact with Earth during period of volcanic activity.Finally, grains of magnetite were found on the meteorite, resembling those produced by bacteria on Earth （类细菌生命体所产生的磁铁矿颗粒）, which can be taken as signs of biological activity on Mars. However, the lecturer says that compared with Earth, the magnetic field on Mars is too weak, so it’s unlikely that these grains of magnetite were used by microbes on Mars to follow its magnetic fields.101009CNThe reading passage criticizes fish farms for causing a number of problems to the local environment. However, in the lecture, the professor argues that solutions have already been found to address each problem.The first problem fish that grow in fish farms may produce large quantities of by-products and wastes that may contaminate the surrounding water. In the lecture, the professor points out that a kind of bacteria (也可能是marine animal) has been introduced in fish farms to effectively break down (或eat) the waste.The second problem is that when the fish escape from the farms and breed with their wild relatives, they could produce offspring with genetic weakness and low viability. However, according to thelecture, domestication has made fish in the farms genetically different, and their reproductive ability much lower than that of the wild fish, so successful breading for the escaped fish in the wild is highly unlikely.The third problem concerns the overconsumption of freshwater resources in fish farms. To address this problem, the lecture says, scientists have invented a water recycling system, in which water is continuous filtered and recycled so the amount of water needed to run a large-scale fish farm is minimized. Furthermore, a type of plant called () can be grown in salt water to help with the cleaning process.101017CNW1【10年10月17日中国大陆托福机经写作第1题-综合写作】原创高分答案Microcredit is a form of financial service which provides small loans to help the poor start their business. The reading passage points to three inherent problems with microcredit. The lecture, however, addresses each of these questions.The first problem is that receivers of microcredit usually do not possess the knowledge and skills necessary to run a business, so their business is likely to fail. However, according to the lecture, microcredit service is more than just providing loans. Borrowers are also taught many useful skills such as how to budget the balance and how to lower their cost. These, together with the credit they are given, will help receivers successfully run their business.The second problem is that microcredit will increase the administrative cost of the bank, and therefore it is an inefficient practice. The lecture argues that this is not necessarily the case, since the bank often lends microcredit to a small group of 4 to 5 people at a time, rather than just to one individual, so the administrative cost involved is significantly reduced, which means more loans can be provided to a larger number of people.Finally, another problem with microcredit is that it takes away the valuable funds which the government could have invested in more important areas like education and infrastructure. The lecture, however, contends otherwise. It explains that microcredit is often financed by non-government institutions. So it does not decrease government fund. On the contrary, with small businesses being financed by microcredit, the government could focus its limited budge on financing larger projects, such as the construction of bridges and roads.10326CNThe reading passage presents three pieces of evidence to support the theory that the Permian–Triassic mass extinction was triggered by a meteorite impacting Earth. However, the lecturer rejects this theory by pointing out its weaknesses.The first evidence is the recent discovery of meteorite fragments containing mineral grains which dated to 250 million years ago, the same time when the extinction occurred. However, the lecturer rejects this theory as unconvincing, arguing that any substance would be transformed completely after 250 million years of gradual chemical process, so the minerals now preserved in the fragments must have been formed quite recently.The second evidence is the scattered meteorite fragments in China, India and [], indicating the magnitude of a disastrous meteorite impact that could wipe out almost the entire species on Earth. Yet according to the lecture, the fact that the fragments were only found in three countries, and notin the rest of the world such as Europe, was actually proof that the meteorite collision was not strong enough to cause such a massive extinction.The third evidence is a large crater found off the coast of Australia. Its size matches that of a meteorite, indicating that it was an impact site for a meteorite collision. Nevertheless, the lecturer proposes a different theory. He explains that this crater may have been caused by Earth’s internal forces such as volcanic activities.110423CNW1（=090227NAW1）Gopher tortoises are listed as an endangered species in the United States. The reading passage introduces three measures that are expteded to help restore the gopher tortoise population. However, the lecture rejects each of the measures as unlikely to succeed.The first measure mentioned in the reading is the conservation of longleaf forest, a vital habitat for gopher tortoises. However, the lecturer argues that the abundance of longleaf pine trees may actually have a negative impact on the ecosystem, because they block the sunlight that is necessary for the growth of a type of grass that gopher tortoises depend on.The second measure is to bring young gopher tortoises to research laboratories where they are fed and their disease is cured, before releasing them to the wild. However, the lecturer considers this as a risky practice because gopher tortoises brought up in laboratory environment is more susceptible to diseases when they are released into the wild, and these diseases may spread very quickly among the tortoise population.The third method is to translocate gopher tortoises to other carefully selected places. The lecture rejects this measure as even more dangerous. Gopher tortoise, the professor argues, have a strong homing instinct and will try to return to their original habitat no matter where they are taken. On their way back, they may run into a series of risks, like being run over by a car while they try to cross a busy road.110514CNW1 (=110514NAW1)The reading passage present three theories as likely explanations for the first mass extinction of species on Earth, while the lecture rejects these theories as unfounded.The first theory is that declining sea levels caused the extinction of coastal living and eventually mass extinction of all species. However, the lecturer suggests that the sea level flucuation was a gradual process, so coastal lives should be able to adapt to such change. This theory, therefore, is not valid because it does not explain why the mass extinction was so rapid.The second theory attributes the mass extinction to volcanic activities which produce excessive amount of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in Earth’s atmosphere and subsequently initiated a drop in global temperature. Yet the lecturer argues that the increase in SO2 levels was not so significant, and that any increased amont would eventually fall back to the ground in the form of acid rain.The third theory links the mass extinction to an asteroid impact. A giant crater was formed and the dust and debris from such impact blocked the sunlight, causing plants and animals to die out. However, the lecturer points out that a possible asteroid impact was recorded around 12 million years ago, which came too early to have been the cause of extinction.110529CNW1The reading passage supports deep-sea mining for minerals near volcanic vents while the lecture raises doubts about such practice. The speaker argues that the benefits mentioned in the reading overlook several important concerns.First, the reading passage states that there are abundant mineral resources that could be exploited near volcanic vents. However, the lecturer says that these minerals may not be easily available because currently the technology needed for separating and transporting the minerals is not sufficiently developed.Second, according to the reading passage, deep-sea mining is environmentally safe because the mining site is considerably far away from the shore. Yet the lecturer argues that contamination could spread over a large area of the ocean because contaminating minerals could drift a long way. Some of the contaminants may even move back to the volcanic vent, endangering the animal species that inhabit there.Finally, the reading passage mentions that international laws and agencies can help to ensure the safe running of mining facilities and prevent accidents, to which the lecturer expressed his doubts. He points out that many deep-sea mining facilitates are operated off the coast that belongs to a particular country, in which case international laws and agencies are not applicable because they only govern international sea waters.110619CNW1 (=100227NAW1)The lecture and the reading passage both address the question why humans need sleep. The reading proposes three theories to explain the purpose of sleep, but the lecture throws doubts on each of them.The first theory is that people need sleep in order to organize and consolidate information that has been acquired during the day. The reading cites REM as evidence of this theory because people’s brains are so active during REM sleep. However, the speaker argues that sleep may not be essential for memory, because some people don’t think about their daytime memories during sleep. They don’t show REM either.The second theory suggests that sleep is needed for revitalizing energy, as is illustrated by some nocturnal animals which prey during the night and sleep during the day. Yet the lecturer states that to restore energy, one simply needs to rest awake. So restoration may not be an essential function of sleep.Thirdly, some experiments have shown that sleep helps to remove toxins that have been accumulated in the body so damaged brain cells can be repaired. However, the lecturer points outthat these experiment results may not be valid, because they are based on extreme cases, in which subjects are kept awake for several days before being allowed to sleep.110625CNW1 (=091017NAW1)The lecture throws doubts over the claim made in the reading passage that T.rex was not able to run. It challenges the three pieces of evidence presented in the reading passage.The first point in the reading is that T. rex had such a huge body that if it could run, then when it fell, the danger could be fatal. However, the lecturer argues that such risk was much less than the benefit that T. rex could gain from the ability to run, because it would enable T. rex to chase its prey, a skill needed for survival. This applies to many other animals, for example the monkey, which would swing from tree to tree at the risk of getting fatally hurt if it drops to the ground.The second point in the reading is that T. rex had long and thin legs, which were not strong enough to sustain the force imposed on them when T. rex was running. The lecturer refutes this argument, using the example of modern day animals such as horses, which had thin legs but are still fast runners. The horse is able to adjust its running postures to minimize impact on its bones. It does so by making small steps and repeating them fast in order to move forward. Weixin:laoxikou.The third point is that it is calculated that in order to run, a T. rex would have 86% of its body weight spread among its legs, which was not possible. But the lecture points out that this calculation is based on a hypothetical model of T. rex. Under this model, many parameters could be wrong. We could draw a totally opposite conclusion if some of the parameters were changed, such as the size of T. rex’s internal organs, or the posture of its body when it was running.110709CNW1 (=100410NAW1)The reading passage introduces to the readers the benefits of genetically modified crops, while the lecture tries to convince us that these benefits are over exaggerated.The first benefit is that GM crops are good for the environment because they possess pest-resistant genes which can reduce the need to use pesticide. However, the lecturer argues that if these resistance genes spread to wild crops, they will grow out of control which may bring more damage to the environment.The second benefit is that GM crops can increase farmers’ profits because GM crops can produce good yields even in dry seasons. However, the lecturer points to the fact that farmers of GM crops have to pay a heavy sum of money to GM seed companies, and they have to do it annually. This brings up the cost of growing GM crops significantly.The third benefit is that GM plant can add important nutrients like vitamin A to the diet of people who lack those nutrients. However, according to the lecture, the nutrients introduced through GM crops are far from enough. The correct and more effective way to deal with nutrient deficiency is to encourage people to eat more vegetables like sweet potatoes.110918CNW1 (=110121NAW1)The reading passage discusses why a whale sometimes strands itself on the beach. It attributes whales’ beaching behavior to three possible causes, but the lecturer does not believe any of these causes to be true.First, the lecturer says that disorientation caused by sickness could not have been the cause of whales’ beaching behavior, because when beached wales were discovered and their bodies were。
托福写作范文赏析精选5篇
托福写作范文赏析精选5篇托福写作范文赏析1MA A gift (such as a camera, a soccer ball, or an animal) can contribute to a child’s development. What gift would you give to help a child develop? Why? Use reasons and specific examples to support your choice.When I was about 10 years old, my older sister gave me a present. It was my first real grown-up bicycle: a three-speed, yellow and black, shiny and new. I still remember how excited I was. That bicycle was very important to me over the next few years. If I wanted to give a gift that would contribute to a child’s development, I would choose a bicycle.Bikes are great exercise. They encourage outdoor play. Television and video games, which are the most popular children’s activities nowadays, involve mostly sitting and starting. Riding a bike makes exercise fun.Bikes are convenient transportation, too. Without a bike you have to depend on an adult to drive you almost everywhere. With a bike you can go farth er. You can ride to your friend’s bouses. If your school is close enough, you can take yourself to school. You have control over where you go, and you’re not always waiting or begging for a ride. Now you can say “Can I go ……?” instead of “Please take me!”To me as a child, a bicycle meant independence. Not only could I could I go farther, but no one was watching where I went. The road went past the park, the pond, the woods, the 7-11 store, and more. I saw the network of little neighborhood roads from a different viewpoint. I could stop anywhere and look at whatever I wanted. Everything was my choice. Bike riding was active, notpassive.My bicycle gave me fun exercise, easy transportation, and freedom. For all these reasons, I think that a bicycle is a special present for a child.托福写作范文赏析2PR Some people believe that students should be given one long vacation each year. Others believe that students should have several short vacations throughout the year. Which viewpoint do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.I like the idea of students having several short vacations throughout the year. I’m a working parent with two school-age children. Every summer I have to come up with a plan for keeping my children safe and entertained for three months, while my husband and I are at work. Summer camps are expensive, and finding the one your children will enjoy can be a challenge. Getting rid of that one long vacation would make life a lot easier.Having several shorter vacations would also make it easier to schedule vacations. My husband and I both work in small offices with other working parents. All of us need vacation time during the same three months. This is hard on our businesses and our careers.We also find that wherever we go in the summer, it’s crowded. It would be nice to go places throughout the year and find smaller crowds. I’m sure the attractions themselves would like that better, too. It would be better for the economy to spread things out, too.I think my children would be more focused on their students if their vacation time was divided up throughout the year. The final month of the school year, they’re just not paying attention.They’ve been in school for nine long months and they don’t have a lot of energy. Plus , the y’re anticipating vacation time. If vacations were throughout the year, they would concentrate better on studies.Of course, many older school buildings aren’t air-conditioned, because usually people aren’t there during the hottest months. That might be a problem, I think, though, that new air-conditioning would be worth the cost. During the last few weeks of summer, my children are bored with their long vacation. I doubt that would happen if there were several vacations throughout the year.托福写作范文赏析3EX What do you consider to be the most important room in a house? Why is this room more important to you than any other room? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.The kitchen is my favorite room in a house, because it is where families gather. T o me, that is the most important thing. So many of the memories people have of growing up revolve around the kitchen. My childhood memories concern the kitchens in my grandparents ‘homes.My mother’s family lived in a row house in the city. The rooms were all small, and that included the kitchen. In the summertime, when we’d visit, the back door of the house would be left open. People would be sitting on the back porch and in the kitchen, talking and laughing, while my grandmother made dinner. There was no air-conditioning, but I don’t ever remember feeling too hot. There was always a breeze coming through, along with the sounds of traffic and kids playing ball in the street.My father’s family liver on a farm in the country, and their house had a huge kitchen with windows on three sides. It seems like the windows were always open and the curtains blowing with the breeze. The main door to the house was almost never used. Everyone came in through the kitchen, and sat at the big table in the middle of the room. When dinner was being prepared, all the women would bustle around, while the men sat at the table talking about farm prices. Sometimes my grandmother wouldn’t even sit down during dinner, but would be refilling bowls of food and people’s glasses. Fr om outside ,we could hear the cows in the field near the house.These two kitchens are the background for some of my happiest memories. From the beginning of time, human beings have gathered together near the fire where the food was being prepared. I hope that never changes.托福写作范文赏析4PR Would you prefer to live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.I know there are advantages to living in a modern apartment, but I'd prefer to live in a traditional house. My reason is that I love traditional design. It's graceful and warm and inviting. I think modern design is very empty and sterile and not very inviting. So, because of the way it looks, I'd choose a traditional house.I recognize the fact that a modern apartment is going to be in much better shape. Being new probably means all the plumbing works, the roof isn't going to leak, the windows are properly sealed, and the kitchen appliances are in working order.A traditional house can't guarantee any of that. In fact, it's likely that things will break down or need replacement, simply becauseof age.Still, if the appliances are old, so is the wood, and that's a big advantage as far as I'm concerned. Very few new buildings have the kind of woods that were used years ago. It's something that can't be copied.Space is always important to me, too. I need a lot of room for my home office, my clothes, and to display all the knickknacks I've picked up in my travels. I also like to have interesting space.I don't want all the rooms and windows the same size or a boxy design. A modern apartment usually comes in one size and shape.A traditional house is going to have a variety of spaces where I can put a little table or a window seat. And it will have lots of room, from basement to attic. These are all good reasons for me to prefer living in a traditional house.Some people love modern design, but it's not for me. The space and beauty of a traditional home are more important to me than having everything new and perfect.托福写作范文赏析5Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? High schools should allow students to study the courses that students want to study. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.I think high school students should be allowed to choose some of the subjects they study. However, the basic subjects, like mathematics, literature, and science, should be mandatory for all students.When I was in high school, we were allowed to choose three electives each semeste r. Electives were subjects that weren’t part of the basic curriculum. They included things like music, journalism, art, and various kinds of team sports. Choosing someof these subjects to study gave me a chance to experiment. I was able to get a head start on what I was going to study in college.However, college preparation shouldn’t be the main factor.I think all students should be allowed to take a certain number of courses just because they’re interested in them. For many students, high school is the last chance to learn about things they’re interested in. Maybe once they have a job there won’t be time for studying.Of course, it’s also important that students study certain basic subjects. If I’d had a choice, I know I wouldn’t have studied mathematics or science. I wasn’t very interested in them. However, once I was in class, I found myself getting interested. I wouldn’t have known this if I’d been given the choice, because I would have chosen not to take the courses.High school students aren’t always the best judges of what they’ll find useful in the years ahead. They need the guidance of experts in the field of education. However, they also need some freedom to follow their curiosity and individual interests. They should be given the freedom to choose some courses, while being required to take others.。
新托福TPO综合写作详细解析：氢燃料(英汉对照)
新托福TPO综合写作详细解析：氢燃料（英汉对照）阅读材料：Car manufacturers and governments have been eagerly seeking a replacement for the automobiles main source of power, the internal-combustion engine. By far, the most promising alternative source of energy for cars is the hydrogen-based fuel-cell engine, which uses hydrogen to create electricity that, in turn, powers the car. Fuel-cell engines have several advantages over internal-combustion engines and will probably soon replace them.One of the main problems with the internal-combustion engine is that it relies on petroleum, either in the form of gasoline or diesel fuel. Petroleum is a finite resource, someday; we will run out of oil. The hydrogen needed for fuel-cell engines cannot easily be depleted. Hydrogen can be derived from various plentiful sources, including natural gas and even water. The fact that fuel-cell engines utilize easily available, renewable resources makes them particularly attractive.Second, hydrogen-based fuel cells are attractive because they willsolve many of the worlds pollution problems. An unavoidable by-product of burning oil is carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide harms the environment. On the other hand, the only byproduct of fuel-cell engines is water.Third, fuel-cell engines will soon be economically competitive because people will spend less money to operate a fuel-cell engine than they will to operate an internal-combustion engine. This is true for one simple reason. A fuel-cell automobile is nearly twice as efficient in using its fuel as an automobile powered by an internal-combustion engine is. In other words, the fuel-cell powered car reqquires only half the fuel energy that the internal-combustion powered car does to go the same distance.汽车制造商和政府都在积极地寻找内燃机的代替品，而目前内燃机是汽车主要的动力源。
新托福考试写作剖析及真题范文
新托福考试写作剖析及真题范 文
2009年群言出版社出版的图书
01 图书目录
03 本书特色
目录
02 内容提要 04 文》是群言出版社2009年出版的图书，作者为包凡一。 本书为新托福独立写作185篇优秀范文。每篇范文都出自新东方写作名师之手，可供考生对这185篇范文进行 学习、模仿。.
第三部分为新托福独立写作185篇优秀范文。每篇范文都出自新东方写作名师之手，建议考生对这185篇范 文进行学习、模仿.
本书特色
本书特色
紧扣新托福作文考试最新趋势编写，契合中国考生备考托福作文特点 深入剖析新托福综合写作和独立写作考试目标．考试形式及评分标准，精辟剖析官方范文 详细阐述综合写作和独立写作特点，提供切实有效的应试技巧和备考策略 全面解析“学生习作”，专家“语言修改”挖掘句式呆板、语言啰嗦之根源。使考生知其然并知其所以然 新东方权威写作专家精心打造185篇独立写作优秀范文，突破写作瓶颈，确立高分准绳，凸显本书实战性
图书目录
图书目录
第一部分新托福作文考试总论及写作技巧 第一章新托福作文考试综述 一、新托福作文的考试目标 二、新托福作文的考试形式 三、新托福作文考试的分数计算 第二章托福综合写作及写作技巧 一、综合写作综述 二、综合写作考试界面和考试流程 三、综合写作评分标准解读 四、综合写作范文解读 五、综合写作应试技巧
托福独立写作范文三两招突破独立写作系列
托福独立写作范文三两招突破独立写作系列为了让大家更好的预备托福考试，我给大家整理一些托福考试作文小技巧，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福独立写作范文| 三两招突破独立写作系列(一)写作范文今日一招：“四两拨千斤”解读：一句话完成“对比”性的争论“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is better to work for a business owned by someone else than to work for a business owned by your family.”我们以【立场：work for a business owned by someone else】为例，展现这一招“四两拨千斤”：先争论对方的劣势：假如work for a business owned by my family，可能会让我感到不适。
If I work for a business owned by my family, the atmosphere of the company may feel strange, making me uncomfortable. This is my case, actually. I declined the offer from my uncle’s company for theconsideration that since I may be recognized as the nephew of the company’s owner, other staff may show a defensive attitude and gesture when they work with me. They may exchange ideas behind my back, and although those ideas may not be bad words about the company, they would not involve me in the discussion. Meanwhile, the office may be a stressful place, because there in their eye is a spy or a snitcher, which is me. I do not think that I could feel comfortable working in such an environment as my coworkers would behave with too much discretion in front of me.至此，我们发觉，我们充分争论了对方的不利之处。
【解析】TPO2托福综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文
现在大家在进行托福备考时TPO托福模考软件相信是大家用的最多的工具了，对于托福成绩的提升是非常有帮助的。
那么，如何利用现有资料TPO模考软件来提升大家的托福成绩呢?今天三立在线教育托福网在这里整理了TPO2托福综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文分享给大家，希望大家在备考托福时能有所帮助。
TPO2托福综合写作阅读原文文本：First of all, a group of people has a wider range of knowledge，expertise, and skills than any single individual is likely to possess. Also, because of the numbers of people involved and the greater resources they possess, a group can work more quickly in response to the task assigned to it and can come up with highly creative solutions to problems and issues. Sometimes these creative solutions come about because a group is more likely to make risky decisions that an individual might not undertake. This is because the group spreads responsibility for a decision to all the members and thus no single individual can be held accountable if the decision turns out to be wrong. Taking part in a group process can be very rewarding for members of the team. Teammembers who have a voice in making a decision will no doubt feel better about carrying out the work that is entailed by the decision than they might doing work that is imposed on them by others. Also, the individual team member has a much better chance to “shine”, to get his or her contributions and ideas not only recognized but recognized as highly significant, because a team’s overall results can be more far-reaching and have greater impact than what might have otherwise been possible for the person to accomplish or contribute working alone. TPO2托福综合写作听力原文文本：Now I want to tell you about what one company found when it decided that it would turn over some of its new projects to teams of people, and make the team responsible for planning the projects and getting the work done. After about six months, the company took a look at how well the teams performed.On virtually every team, some members got almost a "free ride" ... they didn't contribute much at all, but if their team did a good job, they nevertheless benefited from the recognition the team got. And what about group members who worked especially well and who provided a lot of insight on problems and issues? Well ... the recognition for a job well done went to the group as a whole, no names were named. So it won't surprise you to learn that when the real contributors were askedhow they felt about the group process, their attitude was just the opposite of what the reading predicts.Another finding was that some projects just didn't move very quickly. Why? Because it took so long to reach consensus; it took many, many meetings to build the agreement among group members about how they would move the project along. On the other hand, there were other instances where one or two people managed to become very influential over what their group did. Sometimes when those influencers said "That will never work" about an idea the group was developing, the idea was quickly dropped instead of being further discussed. And then there was another occasion when a couple influencers convinced the group that a plan of theirs was "highly creative. " And even though some members tried to warn the rest of the group that the project was moving in directions that might not work, they were basically ignored by other group members. Can you guess the ending to this story? When the project failed, the blame was placed on all the members of the group.TPO2托福综合写作题目说明及答案要点：Directions: You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and theirrelationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.Summarise the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on specific points made reading passage.TPO2托福综合写作满分范文：The lecturer talks about research conducted by a firm that used the group system to handle their work. He says that the theory stated in the passage was very different and somewhat inaccurate when compared to what happened in reality. First, some members got free rides. That is, some didn’t work hard but got recognition for the success nonetheless. This also indicates that people who worked hard were not given recognition they should have gotten. In other words, they weren’t given the opportunity to "shine". This directly contradicts what the passage indicates. Second, groups were slow in progress. The passage says that groups are more responsive than individuals because of the number of people involved and their aggregated resources. However, the speaker talks about how the firm found out that groups were slower than individuals in decision making. Groups needed more time for meetings, which are necessary procedures in decision making. This was another place where experience contradicted theory. Third, influential people might emerge and lead the group towards glory or failure. If the influent people are going in the right direction therewould be no problem. But in cases where they go in the wrong direction, there is nobody that has enough influence to counter the decision made. In other words, the group might turn into a dictatorship, with the influential party as the leader, and might become less flexible in its thinking. They might become one-sided, and thus fail to succeed. 以上就是三立在线教育托福网为大家整理了TPO2托福综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，大家可以边借助TPO模考软件听音频看看自己哪些地方听不懂，然后来看看原文，同时对练习托福听力精听也是很有帮助的。
综合写作 vince模板托福-定义说明解析
综合写作vince模板托福-范文模板及概述示例1:综合写作Vince 模板引言：在综合写作部分，掌握一个有效的模板能够帮助我们更好地组织文章，提高写作效率。
Vince模板是一种被广泛使用的模板，它包含了几个关键要素，可以帮助我们写出一篇流畅、有逻辑性的综合写作。
段落一：摘要在第一个段落，我们需要对阅读和听力材料的主要内容进行摘要，并指出它们之间的关键联系。
同时，我们还需要明确阅读和听力材料的观点立场。
段落二：阅读材料在本段落中，我们需要简要概括阅读材料的主要论点和支持论据。
对于提供的例子或数据，我们应该进行引用并指出其重要性。
同时，我们也可以挑战或质疑阅读材料中的假设或推论，以增加我们对该话题的思考深度。
段落三：听力材料在此段，我们需要简要概括听力材料对阅读材料中论点的挑战或补充。
同样，我们也可以引用听力材料中提供的例子或数据，并说明它们对阅读材料中的论点产生的影响。
段落四：对比和比较在本段落中，我们需要对阅读和听力材料进行比较和对比。
我们可以指出他们在观点、论证方式、支持论据和结论等方面的差异。
同时，我们也可以指出哪一方观点更有说服力，并给出我们自己的理由和例子。
段落五：总结最后一个段落是文章的总结部分。
在此处，我们需要回顾文章中提到的关键观点和论证，并重申我们的立场。
我们可以强调哪一方面的论证更为有力，或者提出解决方案来解决双方观点之间的矛盾。
结论：Vince模板为我们撰写一篇综合写作提供了一种清晰、结构化的方法。
通过按照这个模板的步骤进行写作，我们能够更好地组织思路，提高写作效果。
然而，重要的是要注意将个人观点和分析与阅读和听力材料区分开来，以确保文章的准确性和客观性。
示例2:标题：综合写作Vince模板托福导言：综合写作是托福考试中的一项重要任务，要求考生能够阅读一篇短文并听取一个相关演讲或讨论的同时，综合两者的信息，撰写一篇合理的、有结构和条理的文章。
Vince模板是一种常用的托福写作结构，帮助考生在限定时间内写出高质量的文章。
托福综合写作练习题及答案分析
托福综合写作练习题及答案分析2017托福综合写作练习题及答案分析练习是巩固知识的有效手段，而考试是检验知识掌握情况的一种方式。
下面是店铺整理的十道2017年托福综合写作练习题及答案，希望对大家有用，更多消息请关注应届毕业生网。
NO.1Reading：一种动物叫做M,是素食动物，理由有三1 跑得很慢，体重很重，逮不到可以吃的动物2 claw和素食动物很像，有个钩子，可以把树枝拉到自己跟前吃。
3 jaw和teeth跟素食动物很像Listening:反驳1 M跑得是很慢，但是有一种动物G比它跑的还慢。
G好像有什么保护壳，但是M的力气足够把G翻过来，然后再攻击。
2 M的arm structure可以移动地很快，就可以攻击别的动物，像现在的老虎和熊一样。
所以肯定不是只用来拉树枝的。
3 M的jaw和素食动物的不像。
素食动物的jaw可以move from side to side,但是为了嚼草用的，但是M的就不能。
NO.2综合写作：话题：野牛bison数量的下降阅读观点：1、人将它作为了source of food2、动物之间的草竞争competition of grassland,例子：cattle，horse3、新科技的发展如枪械听力反驳：1、人是从prairie东部迁徙过去的，但是bison decline是从西边开始的，东部也吃野牛，但是数量没有下降。
2、bison可以在寒冷的天气下生存，很tough，有很厚的fur还可以吃雪下面的草，而cattle和horse在冷环境下无法存活。
3、过去的科技枪械也能打的很quick和efficient，所以不是科技的事儿NO.3Integrated writing:Manufacturing fuel generated from algae(藻类燃料)是最近能源研发的新成就，可能会成为解决人类能源问题的新方案。
但是阅读文章认为把algae fuel大规模投入使用和制造是存在一些顾虑的，三个要点如下：1. 养殖algae需要大量的土地和水源投入。
托福综合写作范文真题解析
托福综合写作范文真题解析．托福综合写作范文真题解析这些如果应对托福综合写作的听力内容和阅读内容?托福综合写作应该如何写?都是考生在备考时应该掌握的，这样才能在考试中为你的托福综合写作提分。
托福这里小站教育编辑就为大家带来了托福综合写作的真题解析，希望对大家写作提分有帮助。
这里小站教育名师用TPO29的托福综合写作为例为大家详解托福综合写作的解题全过程，希望对大家备考托福写作有帮助。
阅读内容：Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable, especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized Edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.现今经历极寒，拥有北极气候的阿拉斯加北坡，发掘出了大量恐龙化石。
托福写作题型：综合写作解题技巧解析
托福写作题型：综合写作解题技巧解析托福综合写作是托福写作题型中的第一项，主要考察考生的阅读、听力和归纳能力。
今天给大家带来了托福写作题型：综合写作解题技巧解析,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。
托福写作题型：综合写作解题技巧解析一.托福综合写作考察哪些技能1. Note taking：学生在阅读和听力过程中应该有效记录重点信息，这些信息在接下来的写作任务中将起到非常重要的作用。
2. Outlining：合理规划笔记形成提纲可以帮助考生有逻辑地组织信息，并能够帮助考生将阅读信息和听力信息有效联系起来。
3. Summarizing：针对230-300字左右的两篇*，考生不可能记录所有的信息，所以考生需要去筛选重要的信息进行总结，最终完成写作。
4. Paraphrasing：考生在写作过程中不可以照抄阅读中的原句，听力中的句子考生也不可能完全记录下来，所以考生需要用自己的语言去表述相关信息。
5. Citing：综合写作不要求考生给出任何自己的观点，所有的内容都是引用阅读和听力中的信息。
6. Connecting/Linking：恰当地使用连接词或词组可以使得*更加连贯。
考生需要使用一定的连接手段将听力中的有效信息和阅读中的主要信息联系起来，最终完成写作。
二.托福综合写作解题技巧1.合理规划笔记：将笔记区域分成左右两个版块，分别对应记录阅读和听力相关内容;记笔记时，尽量使用字母缩写或符号，考生可通过课下练习形成自己的笔记形式。
2.在阅读的时候，要注意记录主要信息。
一般来说，阅读由四个自然段组成，其中阅读的主要观点位于第一自然段的最后一句话，但如果最后一句话有代词，需要指出代词的具体指代对象;接下来的三个自然段一定要分别读完整个自然段再去总结每一个自然段的内容要点，不要只看第一句话。
3.在听力中要带着问题去听，同时去记录一些重点信息。
听力中一般反驳阅读中的观点，因此会给出一些细节或是例子，在听力中重点去听教授是如何使用一些证据去反驳阅读中的信息，对于类似于for example，for instance，another explanation等表达后面的内容我们要尤其注意。
【托福写作备考】TPO19综合写作文本与解析
【托福写作备考】TPO19综合写作文本与解析TPO 19首先来看综合写作的阅读材料：Many consumers ignore commercial advertisements. In response, advertisingcompanies have started using a new tactic, calling “buzzing.” The advertisershire people - buzzers - who personally promote (buzz) products to people theyknow or meet. The key part is that the buzzers do not reveal that they are beingpaid to promote anything. They behave as though they were just spontaneouslypraising a product during normal conversation. Buzzing has generated a lot ofcontroversy, and many critics would like to see it banned.中文：很多消费者都无视商业广告。
为了应对这种情况，广告公司开始采取一种名为”托儿”的新策略。
广告公司雇佣托儿，让他们向他们认识的或者遇见的人推荐产品。
这种策略的关键是托儿是会隐藏他们受雇佣来推荐产品这一事实的。
他们表现出他们只是在日常的交流中无意地推荐某种产品。
这种营销方式引来了很多争议，而许多批评家希望能够禁止这种方式。
First, the critics complain that consumers should know whether a personpraising a product is being paid to praise the product. Knowing this makes a bigdifference: we expect the truth from people who we believe do not have anymotive for misleading us. But with buzzing what you hear is just paidadvertising, which may well give a person incorrect information about the buzzedproduct.中文：首先，批评家认为消费者有权利知道向他推荐产品的人是否是有报酬的。
新托福综合写作考点解析及应对策略
新托福综合写作考点解析及应对策略朗阁海外考试研究中心一些托福考生认为，写作是相对简单的拉分项，至少也是不需要花太多时间的平分项。
实际上，考生在大作文上容易拿到相对稳定的得分，而在综合写作部分，考生时常因为听力和阅读等方面的原因使得得分限制在limited的分阶。
因此，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家，根据综合写作的考试形式和评分标准，在本文中为各位考生解析考点并给出应对方案。
一、解题技巧1. 考试基本介绍综合写作是托福写作考试的第一部分。
该部分要求考生在3分钟内阅读一段学术短文章，然后再听一段长度在2分钟左右的针对于同一学术话题但从不同视角讨论的听力材料。
考试要求根据阅读和听力材料是如何一一对应的为内容写一篇150字至225字的学术短文章。
文章中不应体现作者的主观意见。
2. 阅读与听力练习托福综合写作的听力和阅读是整个考试的核心部分。
这里笔者建议考生多加练习。
在开始的一段时间里专攻听力和阅读的主旨把握，也就是写main idea。
练习的时间需要保持在2周左右，然后第三周则开始练习阅读听力的改写。
具体练习形式如下：Reading：Additionally，water treated with fluoride is much purer than untreated water.Listening：While fluoride does purify water，it can still lead to harmful side effects if taken in large amounts since it is a toxic chemical.组合信息：Although the writer of the reading passage thinks _______________________，the professor claims_______________________________________.写完后最好请老师批改，从词语选用和句式选择上均可以在原文的基础上进行相应的改写。
托福雅思综合写作范文解析
托福雅思综合写作范文解析今天原文及范文解析，托福综合写作是写作部分的第一个题目，一般大家会阅读到一段文字，然后听到一段内容，两个内容是话题相关但是观点相反的，所以需要大家认真分析之后写作。
TASK 1 Integrated WritingGlass is a favored building material for modern architecture, yet it is also very dangerous for wild birds. Because they often cannot distinguish between glass and open air, millions of birds are harmed every year when they try to fly through glass windows. There are, however, several solutions that responsible businesses can use to prevent injuries to birds.One-Way GlassOne solution is to replace the regular, clear glass with one-way glass that is transparent in only one direction. The occupants of the building can see out, but birds and others cannot see in. If birds cannot see through a window, they will understand that the glass forms a solid barrier and will not try to fly through it.Colorful DesignsA second solution is to paint colorful lines or other designs on regular window glass. For example, a window could have a design of thin stripes painted over the glass. People would still be able to see through the openings in the design where there is no paint, while birds would see the stripes and thus avoid trying to fly through the glass. Architects can be encouraged to include colorful painted patterns on glass as part of the general design of buildings.Magnetic FieldThe third solution is to create an artificial magnetic field to guide birds away from buildings. Humans use an instrument called a magnetic compass to determine directions —either north, south, east, or west. Bird research has shown that birds have a natural ability to sense Earth’s magnetic fields; this ability works just like a compass, and it helps birds navigate in the right direction when they fly. A building in a bird flight path can be equipped with powerful electromagnets that emit magnetic signals that steer birds in a direction away from the building.Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you’ve just read about.None of the solutions you’ve read about will effectively stop birds from getting injured. First, replacing regular glass with one-way glass. Well, the problem withone-way glass is that to the bird on the outside, a one-way glass surface reflects just like a mirror. And a surface that reflects like a mirror is just as bad as regular glass for birds because birds don’t understand mirrors. If they see a reflection of the sky in a mirror or of a tree in the mirror, they think the reflection is the sky or is the tree and they’ll fly right into them.The second solution, painting colorful patterns like stripes on regular glass, also has problems. As the reading said, these designs include openings so people inside the buildings can see out. But birds will perceive these unpainted openings as open holes. And if birds think they’re seeing holes, they will try to fly right through them. To prevent birds from doing this, the unpainted spaces in the window would have to be extremely small. But that would then make the rooms of the buildings too dark for the people inside them.The third solution, creating an artificial magnetic field, won’t work very well, either. While it’s true that birds use Earth’s magnetic field to help them navigate, they use this only when they’re traveling very long distances. For example, if a bird is migrating from a cold country to a warm one during winter, it will use its magnetic sense to figure out which way it should fly. But this ability isn’t used to go over short distances such as going from one side to the city to another. For short trips, birds use their eyes and the brightness of light to determine where to go so magnetic signals from buildings won’t have much effect.Summarize the points made in the lecture. Be sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific solutions proposed in the reading passage.DirectionsYou have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.Essay TopicSummarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific solutions proposed in the reading passage.You must finish your answer in 20 minutes本文是托福tpo42综合写作原文及范文解析。
托福综合写作和学术讨论要求
托福综合写作和学术讨论要求先来说说托福综合写作。
就好像是一场小小的侦探游戏。
你会读到一篇文章，这篇文章就像是一个人在讲一个长长的故事。
比如说，这个故事可能是关于一种特别的动物，像小松鼠。
文章里会说小松鼠在森林里怎么找食物，它们把食物藏在好多不同的地方，还会记得每个地方呢。
然后呢，你还会听到一段录音。
这个录音就像是另一个人在讲关于小松鼠的其他事情。
也许录音里会说，小松鼠有时候会忘记自己藏食物的地方，而且其他小动物还会偷偷把小松鼠藏的食物拿走。
那你要做的就是把这两个关于小松鼠的说法放在一起。
你要告诉大家文章里说的和录音里说的有哪些一样的地方，还有哪些不一样的地方。
这就像是在比较两个小伙伴讲的小松鼠的故事，看看他们哪里讲得一样，哪里不一样。
再讲讲学术讨论要求。
这就像是大家在课堂上一起讨论一个好玩的问题。
比如说，老师问大家：“如果我们能像小鸟一样飞，我们的生活会变成什么样呢？”这就是一个学术讨论的话题啦。
每个小朋友都可以说出自己的想法。
有的小朋友可能会说：“那我就可以直接飞到学校，不用走路啦，这样就不会迟到。
”这就像是在学术讨论里提出自己的观点。
然后呢，别的小朋友可能会接着说：“可是如果我们都飞着去学校，天空中会不会太挤啦？”这就是对前面小朋友观点的回应。
在学术讨论里，大家要互相听别人的想法，然后说出自己的看法，还可以对别人的看法表示同意或者不同意。
就像我们在课间玩游戏的时候，大家互相分享自己的想法一样。
比如说，我们讨论如果可以像小鱼一样在水里呼吸会怎样。
有个小朋友说：“那我就可以和小鱼做朋友，看它们怎么在水草里游来游去。
”另一个小朋友可能会说：“但是水里也有危险的东西，像大螃蟹可能会夹我们呢。
”我们在做这些的时候，不要害怕说出自己的想法。
就像我们在玩游戏的时候，勇敢地去尝试新的玩法一样。
不管是托福综合写作里比较文章和录音，还是学术讨论里和小伙伴们交流想法，都是很有意思的事情呢。
托福24套TPO综合写作解析word版
托福24套TPO综合写作解析资料来源：/muyu0924综合写作TPO解析一 (2)综合写作TPO解析二 (6)综合写作TPO解析三 (11)综合写作TPO解析四 (15)综合写作TPO解析五 (19)综合写作TPO解析六 (22)综合写作TPO解析七 (25)综合写作TPO解析八 (28)综合写作TPO解析九 (31)综合写作TPO解析十 (34)综合写作TPO解析十一 (37)综合写作TPO解析十二 (40)综合写作TPO解析十三 (43)综合写作TPO解析十四 (46)综合写作TPO解析十五 (49)综合写作TPO解析十六 (52)综合写作TPO解析十七 (55)综合写作TPO解析十八 (58)综合写作TPO解析十九 (61)综合写作TPO解析二十 (64)综合写作TPO解析二十一 (67)综合写作TPO解析二十二 (70)综合写作TPO解析二十三 (73)综合写作TPO解析二十四 (76)综合写作TPO解析一【阅读材料】In the United States,employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day.However,many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so.A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths(80percent)of their normal pay would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option.在美国，职员一般执行的一周五天，每天八小时工作制。
托福综合写作例文解析TPO 02
智课网TOEFL备考资料托福综合写作例文解析TPO 02摘要：托福综合写作例文解析TPO 02，针对托福写作考试综合写作部分，掌握的不牢靠的托福考生，小编为各位归纳整理了托福综合写作例文解析，希望能够帮助各位考生提高托福综合写作部分的成绩。
托福综合写作例文解析主要是解读一篇篇典型的阅读材料，从背景材料中提取主要的观点，然后从观点中抽出方法，之后解析文章结构，从而找到综合写作的方法。
并且解构每篇阅读材料都会附上一篇范文。
非常的详细到位，希望各位考生认真浏览，仔细把握。
TPO 02阅读材料：In many organizations, perhaps the best way to approach certain new projects is to assemble a group of people into a team. Having a team of people attack a project offers several advantages.在很多机构里，恰当完成一个新项目的最好方法可能是把一组人组织成一个团队。
一个团队来完成一个项目有几个优势。
First of all, a group of people has a wider range of knowledge, expertise, and skills than any single individual is likely to possess. Also, because of the numbers of people involved and the greater resources they possess, a group can work more quickly in response to the task assigned to it and can come up with highly creative solutions to problems and issues.首先，一组人员意味着有比任何一个个体拥有更为广泛的知识、技能以及技巧。