英语试题1

Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. In the course of a day, students do far more than just _________ classes.A. attendB. attendedC. to attendD. attending12. He resented ____________ to wait. He expected the minister_____ him at once.A. to be asked, to seeB. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeingD. being asked, seeing13. If the building project ____________ by the end of this month is delayed, theconstruction company will be fined.A. being completedB. is completedC. to be completedD. completed14. This is one of the questions ___________ at the meeting next week.A. discussedB. discussingC. to be discussedD. being discussed15. ___________, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed morerapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being equalB. Were other things equalC. To be equal to other thingsD. Other things to be equal16. They are going to have the serviceman ___________ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A. installB. to installC. to be installedD. installed17. Since both he and I work in the same hospital, I can hardly avoid _________ him.A. being metB. meetingC. to be metD. to meet18. The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than_____________.A. is necessaryB. being necessaryC. to be necessaryD. it is necessary19. What a lovely party! It's worth ___________ all my life.A. rememberingB. to rememberC. to be rememberedD. being remembered20. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ___________ alone.A. seenB. is seenC. to be seenD. having been seen21. He ____________ his old car for a new one as soon as he had won the prize.A. replacedB. convertedC. exchangedD. interchanged22. He is a very _______________ character; he is never relaxed with strangers.A. serf-confidentB. self-consciousC. self-evidentD. self-serving23. You'll find that the community has _____________ great changes since you were here last time.A. submittedB. sustainedC. perceivedD. undergone24. You don't have to ___________ yourself. I think you did the right thing putting your mother in a nursing home.A. justifyB. hinderC. indulgeD. appoint25. If prisoners behave well they are allowed the ___________ of visiting their families at the weekend.A. equalityB. securityC. privilegeD. prestige26. Despite his ____________ as a trouble-maker, he was promoted to department manger.A. repetitionB. repressionC. reputationD. representation27. It was obvious that she and her husband were ____________ and she wished she'd never married him.A. insolvableB. insensibleC. inseparableD. incompatible28. The new law allows you to _____________ payment if you think a bill is incorrect.A. withholdB. withdrawC. witherD. withstand29. It was a real ___________ when Susan came back from her vacation and told us she had married a local waiter.A. comfortB. shockC. attackD. impact30. To celebrate the National Day, there was a ___________ fireworks display.A. specificB. spectacularC. speculativeD. specialistic Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneHe is a rare celebrity scientist. He's even had a TV cameo role (小角色) in Star Trek in which he plays poker with scientific icons (偶像) Sir Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein. Yet when asked about comparisons between himself and the two scientists,he calls it all "media hype (炒作)" Once asked how he felt about being labeled the world's smartest person, he responded: "It is very embarrassing. It is rubbish, just media hype. They just want a hero, and I fill the role model of a disabled genius. At least I am disabled, but I am no genius."Hawking has ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease, a neuromuscular disease that progressively weakens muscle control. He gets around in a wheelchair, and after completely losing the use of his vocal chords in an operation to assist his breathing in 1985, he communicates through a computer. A speech synthesizer "speaks" for him after he punches in what he wants to say, selecting words in the computer software by pressing a switch with his hand. Unfortunately, it makes him sound like he has an American accent, he says.Despite his humorous, self-effacing manner, Hawking is one of the world's leading theoretical physicists. Many consider him to be the most brilliant since Einstein. Since 1979, he's held the post of Lucasian professor of mathematics at Cambridge University — which was once held by Isaac Newton no less — and has twelve honorary degrees. He's also a best-selling author. His book, A Brief History of Time, has been translated into 33 languages and has sold nine million copies.For much of his academic life, Hawking has been among a group of theoretical physicists searching for a "theory of everything" — one unified scientific theory that explains the big cosmological questions like How did the universe begin? Why is the universe the way it is? and How will it end?You are probably familiar with the existing theories, such as the Big Bang theory. However, these theories are inconsistent with each other. So Hawking — among agroup of theoretical physicists---has been on a quest to come up with a theory of quantum (量子) gravity that would incorporate these theories---the theory of everything (TOE) — which would solve the problem of what caused the universe to start expanding.How successful have the world's leading cosmologists been? Hawking predicts we'll have the TOE in the next 20 years.31. From the first paragraph we can see that Hawking ______________.A. is a very famous scientistB. can be compared with Newton and EinsteinC. is a very good actorD. has surpassed any scientists known in the world32. In this passage, Hawking appears to be ____________.A. silent and hard workingB. humorous, modest and industriousC. confident and proudD. diffident and shy33. Why does Hawking communicate with others through a computer?A. He is too weak to speak.B. He is a computer addict.C. An operation to help his breathing made him unable to pronounce.D. His illness makes him unable to speak.34. The leading theoretical physicists are searching for a "theory of everything" because ____________.A. the existing theories are out of dateB. the theories are not enoughC. some of the theories are wrongD. the existing theories are somewhat contradictory to each other35. Hawking and his colleagues are working hard to try to find ____________.A. a new theory to replace the Big Bang theoryB. a new theory to replace Einstein's general theory of relativityC. a theory that can incorporate the existing theoriesD. an all-powerful theory that can explain everything in the worldPassage TwoI have an infatuation (迷恋) with autumn. The colors of the season and the smells, have always thrilled me. I have always found joy in this time of year. The last few autumns of my life, however, I recollect in shades of gray rather than cheerful oranges and yellows.When I became a single mother, every aspect of life took on new meaning. Since I was used to carrying out most of the parental duties without much help during my marriage, I truly did not foresee how different parenting would become after the marriage was over. But suddenly I realized I was a statistic. The daily routine was not changed so much; it was the angle at which I had begun to look at life.I believed my ex-husband's lawyer was tracking every grade the children made, and I was under a microscope in this new town where the children and I moved our "broken home." I feared having to eventually establish my family with each new teacher and each new term as a single-parent family. I just wanted to be us again, without the stigma (耻辱) of the label put on us.During those few gray years, I would reassure myself that soon things would be better, and that I would someday be able to feel whole again. There is no mathematical equation of adults proportioned to children to equal a stable, loving family. Every family has its strengths. In fact, studies show that in families who read together, eat together and communicate openly, children are likely to succeed academically, as well as socially and emotionally. I am sure these habits are just as effective when practiced in single-parent families. I realize now that I am not a statistic. We are an active, vital family in this charming community, where we are not marked by any stigma of any statistics of any focus groups.We are given opportunity, all of us. We are surrounded by beauty and immersed in possibility. There is joy to be found here, in what we see around us and in creating our own rendition of how we want to be seen. There is strength and grace in our own willingness to break free from conformity without falling behind the barriers ofself-imposed limitations or preconceived notions of where we should fit in this world according to research.36. What does the last sentence of paragraph one imply?A. The author moved to a new place.B. The climate changed greatly in the last few years.C. In the last few years, the author's mood changed.D. There were some natural disasters.37. After the divorce, ___________.A. there wasn't any change, since she used to play a main part in taking care of the childrenB. she became interested in statisticsC. everything in her life was changedD. it was the way by which she looked at life that changed38. According to the passage, ______________ brought the unpleasant change in her life.A. a kind of discrimination against single-parent familiesB. her ex-husbandC. social scientistsD. the feeling about autumn39. In the few gray years, the author __________.A. felt helpless and sadB. had the help from her friendsC. never lost hope, and believed that everything would change somedayD. became very nervous and silent40. What is the author's main point?A. Every family has its happiness and unhappiness.B. Her family has suffered a lot.C. Her ex-husband is not a good man.D. Every family has its strength and can create its happiness.Passage ThreeUltralight (超轻型的) airplanes are a recent development in aviation that provide what aviation enthusiasts have long been seeking: born of the marriage of the hang glider and the go-kart (轻型单座赛车) engine around 1974, when John Moody mounted a 12-horsepower go-kart engine on his Icarus II hang glider.Today's ultralights are not just hang gliders with engines; they are "air recreation vehicles." Modem ultralight planes use snowmobile engines that let them cruise atabout 40 miles per hour, climb at about 400 feet per minute, and carry combined payloads of pilot and fuel up to about 200 pounds, which is about equal to an ultralight plane's weight when empty. More than ten thousand ultralight planes were sold last year at prices ranging from $2,800 to $7,000. But the main reason for the increasing popularity of these aircraft is not that they are inexpensive, but that they are fun to fly.The modem ultralight plane would look very familiar to the earliest pioneers of aviation. Otto Lilienthal made more than 2,000 flights in Germany in the 1890's in what were actually hang gliders. Octave Chanute designed and built many early hang gliders. Augustus Herring, Chanute's assistant, used these gliders as models for a glider that he built for himself. On this glider, Herring installed a compressed-air motor and flew 267 feet in 1898. The Wright brothers' flyer was the grandfather of today's ultralight planes. The pilot sat right out in the open, just as in modem ultralights, and used controls that were much the same as those used in today's machines. Though most ultralight planes are used for pleasure flying, some are also used for crop dusting, aerial photography and even military observation service. The likelihood is that further uses will be found for ultralight planes, but their greatest use will continue to be as air recreational vehicles.41. The author seems to feel that ultralight airplanes are _____________.A. a toy for the richB. nothing but hang glidersC. a new development that meets the needs of aviation enthusiastsD. the most important development in aviation since the Wright brothers' flyer42. The author compares John Moody's use of a go-kart engine on a hang glider to ___________.A. a marriageB. the flight of IcarusC. cruising in a snowmobileD. soaring and gliding from a high altitude43. Which of the following statements is an opinion?A. Ultralight planes use snowmobile engines that let them cruise at about 40 miles per hour.B. John Moody used a 12-horsepower engine to power his Icarus II hang glider.C. The use of ultralight planes will increase in such areas as crop dusting and aerial photography.D. Otto Lilienthal made more than 2,000 flights in Germany in the 1890's in what were actually hang gliders.44. The author finds great similarity betweenA. the weight of the hang glider and that of the ultralight airplaneB. ultralight airplanes and military aircraftC. the inventiveness of John Moody and that of Octave ChanuteD. the controls used in the Wright brothers' flyer and those used in today's ultralight air-planes45. The theme of this passage is aboutA. the flying snowmobileB. the history of recent aviationC. how the ultralight plane fliesD. the ultralight plane — a recent developmentPassage FourFriction between America's military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. America's 220-year experiment in civilian control of the military is a recipe for friction. The nation's history has seen a series of shifts in decision-making power among the White House, the civilian secretaries and the uniformed elite (精英). However, what may seem on the outside an unstable and special system of power sharing has, without a doubt, been a key to two centuries of military success.In the infighting dates to the revolution, George Washington waged a continual struggle not just for money, but to control the actual battle plan. The framers of the Constitution sought to clarify things by making the president the "commander in chief." Not since Washington wore his uniform and led the troops across the Alleghenies to quell(镇压)the Whiskey Rebellion has a sit-ting president taken command in the field. Yet the absolute authority of the president ensures his direct command. The president was boss, and everyone in uniform knew it.In the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln dealt directly with his generals, and Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton handled administrative details. Lincoln, inexperienced in military matters, initially deferred (顺从) to his generals. But when their caution proved disastrous, be issued his General War Order No. 1 — explicitly commanding a general advance of all Union forces. Some generals, George B. McClellan in particular, bridled at his hands-on direction. But in constitutional terms, Lincoln was in the right.His most important decision was to put Ulysses S. Grant in charge of the Union Army in 1864. Left to its own timetable, the military establishment would never have touched Grant. The relationship between the president and his general provides a textbook lesson in civilian control and power sharing. Grant was a general who would take the fight to the enemy, and not second-guess the president's political decisions. Unlike McClellan, for example, Grant cooperated wholeheartedly in recruiting black soldiers. For his part, Lincoln did not meddle in operations and did not visit the headquarters in the field unless invited.The balance set up by Grant and Lincoln stayed more or less in place through World War I. Not until World War II did the pendulum finally swing back toward the White House. Franklin Roosevelt, who had been assistant Navy secretary, during World War I, was as well prepared to be commander in chief as any wartime president since George Washington.46. According to the author, the system of power sharing between the White House and the generals _____________.A. is unstable and strangeB. is a guarantee for American military successC. has caused a series of quarrelsD. undermines the bases of American military power47. The phrase "the uniformed elite" in paragraph one most probably refers to ___________.A. outstanding soldiersB. officersC. officialsD. generals48. According to the passage, Washington ___________.A. struggled with the congress only for moneyB. lived up to the code of the constitution that the president was "the commander in chief"C. looked more like a general than a presidentD. did much more than he should as a president49. Why was the putting of Grant in charge of the Union Army an important decision?A. Because Lincoln was inexperienced in military affairs, he had to do so.B. Grant whole-heartedly believed in Lincoln, and their cooperation proved to be a none-such.C. All things considered, Grant was somewhat better than McClellan.D. The decision to put Grant in charge of the Union Army was not against the constitution.50. In the last paragraph, the author implies that __________.A. Roosevelt was better prepared to be a wartime president than LincolnB. in the Second World War, the relationship between the White House and the generals was intenseC. both Lincoln and Roosevelt were good wartime presidents, although their actual way of dealing things might be differentD. George Washington was actually the best presidentPart Ⅳ Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.For most kinds of activities, a large group of people can accomplish more and have more fun than one person alone. For example, politicians, businessmen, workers, and 51 criminals know that they must join organizations in order to be 52 . Since there is usually strength in numbers, labor unions have amore 53 influence on wages and company policy than individual workers 54 .A person may also belong to social clubs and athletic teams 55 he or she can meet other people who are interested in the same activities. 56 you have a hobby, such as playing chess, collecting coins or stamps, or playing a musical instrument,you should join a club which has 57 meetings to talk about your activity; the other 58 will help you learn more about it. Of course, a group must bewell 59 , or it might be a failure. All the members should work together on projects and choose good leaders to 60 their activities. In this way, the organization will benefit everyone in it.51. A. still B. even C. somehow D. however52. A. sociable B. interested C. successful D. extrovert53. A. powerful B. strong C. great D. forcing54. A. can B. think C. do D. gain55. A. what B. at which C. where D. in which56. A. Whether B. When C. If D. Although57. A. regular B. often C. usual D. incidental58. A. clubs B. people C. members D. societies59. A. organized B. set C. arranged D. gathered60. A. introduce B. show C. direct D. explainPaper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Internet is a vast network of computers that connects many of the world's businesses, institutions and individuals. The internet, which means interconnected network of networks, links tens of thousands of smaller computer networks. These networks transmit huge amounts of information in forms of words, images and sounds.The Internet was information on virtually every topic. Network users can search through sources ranging from vast databases to small electronic "bulletin boards", where users form discussion groups around common interests. Much of the Internet's traffic consists of messages sent from one computer user to another. These messages are called electronic mail or e-mail. Internet users have electronic addresses that allow them to send and receive e-mails. Other uses of the network include obtaining news, joining electronic debates and playing electronic games.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Direction: Write a composition of about 120 words on the following topic. Your composition should be written on ANSWER SHEET.Topic: The Values of Failure题号1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20答案B D A A B C A B B A A B C C A A B A A A题号21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40答案A B D A C C D A B B A B C D C C D A C D题号41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60答案C A C D D B D B B C B C A C C C A C A CTranslation：互联网是一个巨大的计算机网络，它把世界上许多公司、机构团体和个人连接起来。