chinese website
STAAD chinese manual for website-940307简易中文手册
STAAD/Pro软件功能及理论解说1.1STAAD/Pro的结构型式STAAD/Pro(简称STAAD)能够分析及设计含有杆件、板/壳及实体元素的结构体。
STAAD可分析的结构型式有四种:SPACE是三维的构架结构,载重可以放在任一平面上,这是最普遍使用的型式,如大楼或厂房等。
PLANE是二维型式的结构,限制在世界坐标的X-Y平面,载重放在同一平面上。
TRUSS是指结构杆件都是TRUSS杆件,它只能承受轴向力而不能承受力矩。
FLOOR是指没有水平力矩的(X , Z)二维或三维【FX,FZ & MY是限制在任何节点上】结构,建筑物的地板是FLOOR最典型的例子。
不受水平力的柱(column)也是FLOOR的一种,假如柱受水平力则属于SPACE的型式。
正确地设定结构种类可减少所需的方程式数目以达快速经济的目的。
各类型结构的自由度定义如下图1.1所示。
图1.11.2 结构几何与坐标系统一个结构是由一些组件如梁(beams)柱(columns)板(slabs)和平板(plates)等组成,在STAAD中构架元素(frame elements)和板面元素(plate elements)是用于建立结构模型的。
一般来讲,建立模型结构几何有两个步骤:A、定义与描述接点(joints)或节点(nodes)B、将接点连接以形成杆件(members)或元素(elements)。
一般来讲MEMBER(杆件)这个词用来指构架的元素,ELEMENT(元素)用来指平面或曲面元素,MEMBER INCIDENCE指令用来定义杆件,而ELEMENTS INCIDENCE指令则用来定义元素。
STAAD用两种坐标系统来定义结构几何和载重方式。
(GLOBAL)世界坐标系统是用来表现整体几何与结构的载重方式。
LOCAL局部坐标系统是用来帮助与每一个杆件或元素有所关联,且用在MEMBER END FORCE定义输出结果和局部载重方式。
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【威尔士语教程】7.布列塔尼语☆Breton/scb/breton.html【布列塔尼语自由问答】/saoghal/mion-chanain/brezhoneg/ 【布列塔尼语简易教程】北欧1.冰岛语☆☆Icelandic/icelandic/ 【冰岛语教程】http://www.simnet.is/gardarj/gardar1.htm 【现实冰岛】/mimir/mimir.htm 【冰岛语语法笔记】2.丹麦语☆☆Danishhttp://www.speakdanish.dk 【丹麦语信息】/learndanish.htm 【让我们说丹麦语】http://users.cybercity.dk/~nmb3879/danish.html 【丹麦语语法】3.挪威语☆☆Norwegian /norwegian_culture/lan guagelessons_index.jsp 【挪威之子:挪威语教程】4.瑞典语☆☆Swedish/faculty/a/d/adr10 /swedish.html 【瑞典语教程】http://www.hhs.se/isa/swedish/ 【瑞典语介绍】/database/insightrecord.php?id=41 【瑞典语入门】5.芬兰语☆☆☆Finnishhttp://www.henkimaa.nu/finndex/suomea/lear ning/online.html 【在线芬兰语教程】http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/Finnish.html 【芬兰语】http://virtual.finland.fi/finfo/english/finnlang.html 【现实芬兰:芬兰语】http://www.chiugate.fi/ 【芬兰语教程】中欧1.德语☆☆☆☆German/Deutschhtt p:///languages/ german/ 【BBC电台德语学习主页】 【在线学德语】/german/abinitio/ 【英国埃克赛特大学德语入门教程】/library/anfang/blanfang_inhalt.ht m 【德语入门】http://www.dw-world.de/dw/0,,2582,00.html 【德国之声德语教学节目】2.波兰语☆☆Polish/polishlessons/lekcje.htm 【波兰语入门】http://grzegorj.w.interia.pl/kurs/ 【波兰语教程】/gladney/Elementary_Polish/Start.h tml 【初级波兰语】3.捷克-斯洛伐克语☆☆Czech 【捷克语初级读本】/index.html 【捷克语学习资源】☆☆Slovak/ 【学斯洛伐克语】欢迎关注@博士圈5.匈牙利语/马扎尔语☆☆Hungarian/Magyar 【学匈牙利语】/faculty/a/d/adr10/hungarian.h tml 【匈牙利语教程】/hungarian/ 【匈牙利语教程】http://impulzus.sch.bme.hu/info/magyar.shtml 【匈牙利语入门】古代语言1.古斯堪的纳维亚语☆☆Old Norsehttp://www.hi.is/~haukurth/norse/ 【古斯堪的纳维亚语入门】/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/norol-TC-X.html 【在线古斯堪的纳维亚语教程】2.古教会斯拉夫语☆☆Old Church Slavonic/sla vonic/ 【帮我学教会斯拉夫语】/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/ocsol-TC.html 【在线古教会斯拉夫语教程】3.哥特语☆☆Gothic/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/got ol-TC-X.html 【在线哥特语教程】太平洋1.基里巴斯语☆Kiribati/kir/less01.htm 【基里巴斯语教程】2.查莫罗语☆Chamorroht tp:///cham.html 【查莫罗语】.gu/language.html 【关岛的语言】/chamorro-dictionary1.htm 【关岛查莫罗语词典及语法】/ 【世界查莫罗团体】3.塔希提语☆Tahitian/language.html 【塔希提语惯用语】/oceanic/tahiti/ 【塔希提语教程】4.萨摩亚语☆Samoan/ 【感觉萨摩亚人:文化、历史、语言等】5.斐济语☆Fijian/Facts/language.html【斐济群岛旅游指南:语言、信息、岛屿、观光旅游】6.毛利语☆Māori/ 【毛利网】/ 【Kōrero毛利语教程】/whakahuatanga/ 【毛利语发音】/ 【毛利语词典】/english/index.shtml 【毛利语代理】7.图瓦卢语☆Tuvaluan/lang-tv-index.htm 【图瓦卢语手册】8.瑙鲁语☆Nauruan/kir/petit.htm 【瑙鲁语词汇】9.比斯拉马语/瓦努阿图语☆Bislama/Vanuatu.au/langnet/bislama. htm 【比斯拉马语简介】/vanuatu/about_destin/bi slama.asp 【比斯拉马语简介】http://members.shaw.ca/scombs/bislama.html 【比斯拉马语,瓦努阿图的皮钦族际交际语】北美印第安语因纽特语☆Inuktituthttp://www.nu /~jtagak/resources/ 【因纽特文化资源】/ 【因纽特活词典】/topic/inuktitut 【因纽特语介绍】欢迎关注@博士圈奥杰布华语☆☆Ojibwe/~nancyv/ojibwe/ 【奥杰布华语言和文化】/ 【奥杰布华语言文化第一站】/ojib.html 【奥杰布华历史】黑脚语/布莱克福特语☆Blackfoothttp://people.uleth.ca/~frantz/blkft.html 【黑脚语介绍】http://www.fp.ucalgary.ca/blackfoot/ 【黑脚语主页】克里语☆Cree/cree/ 【说克里语】/en/ 【东克里语语言网】http://www.creeculture.ca/ 【克里文化】特拉华语☆Delaw are/~standingbear/language.h tm 【常用特拉华语】/ 【印第安特拉华部落】乔克托语☆Choctaw/areeves/choctaw/lan g.htm 【乔克托语常用语和语法】/language/tutor_chata.htm 【乔克托语教程】阿帕奇语☆Apache/Links/Staff/BGood/Apa chedictionary/Apachedict.html 【阿帕奇语有声词典】/apache/apache-index.htm 【阿帕奇部落:梦幻与现实】拿伐鹤语☆☆Navajo/~kchief/Language.htm l 【Karletta Chief的拿伐鹤语主页】/peoples/navajo/language.html 【拿伐鹤语语音样本】切罗基语☆☆Cherokee/ 【切罗基历史】/cocinc/language/ 【切罗基语教程】/nj/nativecrafts/language.html 【基础切罗基语】苏语☆Sioux/ 【达科他语教程】/lakota/iyapi/index2.html 【拉科他语教程】纳华特语☆Nahuatl/~dkjordan/nahuatl/nahuatl lessons/INL-00.html 【纳华特语教程】/home.htm 【纳华特语语言学院】南美印第安语凯楚亚语☆☆Quechua/quechua/ 【凯楚亚语主页】.pe/especiales/quechua/【凯楚亚语教程】http://www.runasimi.de/runaengl.htm 【凯楚亚语信息】/ 【安第斯文化:凯楚亚歌曲、诗歌、故事、图片】/quechua.html 【少许凯楚亚词语】/ 【凯楚亚语言和语言学】欢迎关注@博士圈艾马拉语☆Aymara/~h ardman/almp/almp.html 【艾马拉语语言材料】瓜拉尼语☆Guaranihttp://www.websters-online-/definition/Guarani-english/ 【瓜拉尼语词典】其他美洲语言复活节岛语言文字☆☆Rongorongohttp://www.portalrapanui.cl/ing/ing.htm 【复活节岛】。
Global and China Automotive Wiring Harness Industry Report, 2010-2011
Table of contents
1. Automotive Wiring Harness 1.1 Overview 1.2 Production Process 2. Global and Chinese Automobile Market 2.1 Global Automobile Market 2.2 Global Automobile Industry 2.3 Chinese Automobile Market in 2010 2.3.1 Overview 2.3.2 Market Pattern 2.4 Chinese Automobile Market in 2011 2.4.1 Overview 2.4.2 Passenger Car 2.4.3 SUV 2.4.4 MPV 2.4.5 Cross-type Passenger Car 2.4.6 Commercial Vehicle 2.5 Chinese Automobile Industry 3. Automotive Wiring Harness Market and Industry 3.1 Global Market 3.2 Chinese Market 3.3 Global Industry 3.4 Chinese Industry 4. Manufacturers of Automotive Wiring Harness 4.1 Sumitomo Electric 4.1.1 Changchun SE Bordnetze 4.1.2 Tianjin Jinzhu Wiring Systems 4.1.3 Wuhan Sumiden Wiring Systems 4.1.4 Chongqing Jin-Zhu Wiring Systems 4.1.5 Fuzhou Zhu Wiring Systems 4.1.6 Huizhou Sumiden Wiring Systems 4.1.7 Huizhou Zhurun Wiring Systems 4.1.8 Huizhou Jinhui Automobile Wire Harness 4.1.9 Suzhou Sumidenso Mediatech 4.1.10 Huizhou Zhucheng Wiring Systems 4.2 Delphi 4.2.1 Delphi Packard Electric Systems Co., Ltd. Changchun Branch 4.2.2 Delphi Packard Electric Systems Co., Ltd. Baicheng Branch 4.2.3 Delphi Packard Electric Systems Co., Ltd. Guangzhou Branch 4.2.4 Delphi Packard Electric Systems Co., Ltd. Yantai Branch 4.2.5 Delphi Packard Electric Systems Co., Ltd. Wuhan Branch 4.2.6 Delphi Packard Electric Systems Co., Ltd. 4.3 Yazaki 4.3.1 Tianjin Yazaki Automotive Parts 4.3.2 Hangzhou Yazaki Automotive Parts 4.3.3 Shantou Yazaki Automotive Parts 4.3.4 Yantai Yazaki Automotive Parts 4.3.5 Foshan Shunde Yazaki Automotive Parts 4.3.6 Zhangzhou Yazaki Automotive Parts 4.4 LEONI 4.4.1 LEONI Wiring systems (Shanghai) 4.4.2 LEONI Wiring Systems (Changchun) 4.4.3 LEONI Wiring Systems (Liuzhou) 4.4.4 LEONI Wiring Systems (Changzhou) 4.5 Furukawa Electric 4.5.1 Changchun Furukawa GP Automobile Harness 4.5.2 Huizhou Furukawa GP Automobile Harness 4.5.3 Furukawa Electric Shenzhen 4.5.4 Furukawa Electric HK 4.5.5 Dongguan Furukawa Auto Parts 4.6 GP Industries 4.6.1 Shanghai Jinting Automobile Harness 4.7 LEAR 4.7.1 Wuhan Lear-DFM Auto Electric 4.8 Nantong Unistar Electro-Mechanical Industries 4.8.1 Nantong Unistar Wiring Harness 4.8.2 Wuhu Unistar Wiring Harness 4.9 Kyungshin Industrial 4.9.1 Qingdao Kyungshin Electric 4.9.2 Jiangsu Kyungshin Electric 4.10 Changchun VW Automotive Wiring Harness 4.11 Coroplast 4.11.1 Taicang Coroplast Wiring Harness 4.12 Kunshan Huguang Auto Harness 4.13 THB 4.14 Fujikura 4.14.1 Zhuhai Fujikura 4.14.2 Changchun Fujikura 4.15 Qingdao Yujin Electro-Circuit Systems Co., Ltd. 4.16 Qingdao Kaiyuan Electronics Technology Co., Ltd. 4.17 Yura 4.17.1 Beijing Yura Electric 4.17.2 Beijing Yura Sewon ECS 4.17.3 Weihai Sewon ECS 4.17.4 Rongcheng Yura Electric 4.18 Hefei JAC Xinfa 4.19 Hulane Precision
雅思口语范文之最喜欢的网站
雅思口语范文之最喜欢的网站雅思口语的备考需要我们不断地去积累,下面小编给大家带来雅思口语范文之最喜欢的网站,一起来看看吧!雅思口语Part 2 新题:一个你喜欢的网站Describe a website you like to visit .You should say :When you started to use it ?What it is about ?How often you use it ?Why you like this website ?高分参考:1.I'd like to talk about ,which is my favorite website.The first time that i used it is like 10 years ago,when I was still a university student.2.TED is dedicated to spreading good idea,which gathers top minds from all over the world.Everyday,a number of brilliant talks,which cover a wide range of topics from education,psychology,to environmental protection and human right issues,are posted and shared with millions of viewers from all corners of the globe.3.I visit it everyday.Actually,I downloaded its app to my iphone.If there's a new talk updated,it will send me a notice.Then I will check it out after work.If there's nothing new on it,I will feel like something's wrong that day.4.I want to thank TED for building up such a beautiful community where I can hear from those amazing people.Those talks open my mind and give me new perspectives to see the world.Their efforts to change the world have a great influence on me.I've learnt a lot from those amazing people.雅思口语part2范文网站-Describe a useful website that you like to visit雅思口语Part2新题范文:喜欢上的网站喜欢上的网站Describe a useful website that you like to visit.Useful phrases:(Talking about Taobao…)Ok, well the first website that came to mind when I saw this topic was Taobao dot com, which (I suppose you could say) is the Chinese equivalent of 好的,那么当我看到这个话题的时候,我第一想到的网站是淘宝网,这个网站应该可以说是相等于(国外的).There’s a huge range of stuff you can buy on this website.(“stuff” just means “things”, a nd is uncountable, so no “s” at the end. It’s used a lot in spoken English)One of the best things about this website is that the prices are generally a lot cheaper than in the shops.I mainly go on it to buy things like clothes…I know that shopping online can be quite risky, because the product often isn’t as good as it looks on the website, but if you do enough research, such as read (through) the customer reviews of the product you’re thinking of buying, then I think you can avoid this kind of thing hap pening to you, because you’ll be able to get an idea of (你将能够了解) how reliable the supplier is.(Talking about )Ok right then, well (好的,那么) the website I’d like to talk to you about is Ted dot com, which you might (well) have heard of before, and possibly even been on (你可能听说过,也可能上过).And as for what’s on the website, well to put it simply, it’s basically a huge collection of video speeches by various people from all kinds of fields,So it’s a really great resource (一个极好的资源) for learning stuffIt’s completely free, you know, it doesn’t cost anything to listen to the talks,And what’s great about it is that (它很好的一点就是) you can choose Chinese or English subtitles(字幕) for most of the talks, and also download them onto your computer.I also like to read the comments (评论) written by other people who have watched the talk.I go on it (probably) something like two or three times a week(我大概每周量、三次上这个网站) , so pretty much every other day (所以差不多每隔一天)I’m normally on it while I’m having my lunch (我一般吃午饭的时候在上个网站) because most of the talks are between about 10 to 20 minutesAs for why I think it’s a good website –well first and foremost , it’s because the (vast) majority of talks are incredibly interesting, at least in my opinion anyway (至少在我看来), so there’s a trem endous amount you can learn from them. (能够从它们学到很多很多!)…I think it’s wonderful to have a website like this, which brings all these great talks together in one place…and another good thing about it is that the talks on the website don’t go on for too long (不延续太久). You know we’ve all listened to speeches which drag on and on(拖延很久), but these ones are (generally) all quite short and to the point(直切主题的).(Talking about Yahoo)…what I like about Yahoo is that the news articles are always very short and concise(简明的), you know, not too wordy (文字略嫌罗唆) like a lot of other news websites.…and another good thing about the articles on Yahoo is that they are generally written in a pretty colloquial (口语的) style, which makes them easy to read.(Talking about the BBC World Service Website)…I would say it’s definitely one of the best English learning resources on the web, because you can listen to the radio live for 24 hours a day……and as well as this (除此之外), there are loads of other radio programmes you can also listen to.(loads of = lots of – and used mainly in spoken English)(Talking about Renren website人人网)Ok, well the first website that came to mind when I saw this topic was Renren dot com, which (I suppose you could say) is the Chinese equivalent of Facebook.…it’s basically the Chinese version (版本) of Facebook.…it’s a social networking site (社交网站)…you can upload photos onto the website so that your friends can enjoy looking at them.雅思口语答案5-8月——喜欢访问的网站Describe a website you like to visit 雅思口语答案5-8月Describe a website you like to visitYou should say:When you found itWhat it is aboutHow often you visit itAnd explain why you like this websiteDescribe a website you like to visit 这个话题属于 Media类。
南京大学海外教育学院汉语学习项目介绍2006-2007
南京大学海外教育学院汉语学习项目介绍2006-2007Chinese Language ProgramsThe Institute of International Students Nanjing University1.学校及学院简介Brief Introduction南京大学Nanjing University在中国大学中排名前五名的大学之一百年名校浓厚的学术氛围,优良的教学质量宽广的研究领域、齐全的专业设置。
学校现有17个学院、52个系、76各本科专业、207个硕士专业、139个博士专业、18个博士流动站所有的专业均招收留学生Is one of the top 5 universities in ChinaIs a century-old institution with outstanding facilities for teaching and researchBoasts a wide variety of research areas and fields of study. The university currently comprises 17 schools, with a total of 52 departments, 76 undergraduate programs, 207 master’s programs, 139 PhD programs and 18 post-doctoral stations.Welcomes international students to apply to any field of study南京大学海外教育学院Institute for International Students, Nanjing University从1955年开始接受外国留学生,迄今已接受了70多个国家15000多名外国留学生。
目前在校留学生1200余名提供从零起点到本科和研究生的各个层次的汉语教学,以满足各种层次学生的不同需要丰富的课程类型,优秀的教育师资,良好的学习条件。
Integrated Chinese Level 1 Part 1 Teacher’s Handbo
Level 1 • Part 1 Integrated Chinese 中文听说读! TEACHER’S HANDBOOKThird EditionSAMPLE Compiled By Zheng-sheng ZhangYuehua Liu, Tao-chung Yao, Nyan-Ping Bi,Yea-Fen Chen, Liangyan Ge, Yaohua ShiC HENG&T SUI COMPANY•BostonSAMPLECopyright © 2011 Cheng & Tsui Company, Inc.Third EditionAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by anymeans, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, scanning, or any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher.All trademarks mentioned in this book are the property of their respective owners.16 15 14 13 12 11 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Published byCheng & Tsui Company, Inc.25 West StreetBoston, MA 02111-1213 USAFax (617) 426-3669“Bringing Asia to the World”TM ISBN 978-0-88727-669-9Cover Design: Cover Photographs: Man with map © Getty Images; Shanghai skyline © David Pedre/iStockphoto; Building with masks © Wu Jie; Night market © Andrew Buko. Used by permission.The Integrated Chinese series includes books, workbooks, character workbooks, audio products,multimedia products, teacher’s resources, and more. Visit for more information on the other components of Integrated Chinese .Printed in the United States of America.SAMPLE iiiThe Integrated Chinese SeriesTextbook DVDs Watch the Integrated Chinese story unfold with live-action videos of the textbook dialogues andcultural segments for eachlesson.BuilderCardsReinforce and buildvocabulary using fl ashcards.Features all essentialvocabulary from Level 1. eTextbooks Display these downloadable versions of the printed textbooks on interactive whiteboards or your personal computer. Search, bookmark, highlight, andinsert notes.Online WorkbooksComplete the exercises fromthe printed workbooksusing a dynamic, interactiveplatform. Includes instantgrading and intuitive coursemanagement.Textbooks Learn Chinese language and culture through ten engaginglessons per volume. Includes dialogues and narratives, culture notes,grammar explanations, and exercises.Workbooks Improve all four language skills through a wide range ofintegrated activities that accompany the lessons in the textbook.Character Workbooks Practice writing Chinese characters and learnthe correct stroke order.Audio CDs Build listening comprehension with audio recordingsof the textbook narratives, dialogues, and vocabulary, plus thepronunciation and listening exercises from the workbooks.The Integrated Chinese Companion SiteFind everything you need to support your course in one convenient place.• FREE teacher resources• Slideshows for classroom use• Image gallery • Links to previews and demos • Supplementary readings • Sentence drillsFind other publications to supplement your Integrated Chinese course. See page xi for more information about graded readers, listening comprehension workbooks, character guides, and reference materials.To order call 1-800-554-1963 or visit .ivDownloadsUsers of this book have free access to additional downloadable teacher’s resources. To obtain printable versions of the sample syllabi, quizzes and tests in Simplifi ed and Traditional, and more, you simply need to register your product key on Cheng & Tsui’s website.Instructions:1. Visit the Cheng & Tsui download center at /downloads and follow theinstructions for creating a user account.2. Register your product key.3. D ownload the fi les.Fortechnicalsupport,*******************************************************.If you have purchased a used copy of this book, or one without a valid product key, you may purchase a new key on our website () or by contacting our customer service department at 1-800-554-1963.Your Product Key:SAMPLESAMPLEContents 目录Preface 序 (viii)I. General Information I. 概论How to Use this Handbook 本手册使用须知 (x)Layout of Individual Chapters 章节安排 (xii)Sample Syllabus 教学提纲范例 (xviii)Sample Daily Schedule I 逐日教学进度表范例一(以每周四节课为例) (xx)based on four sessions a week Sample Daily Schedule II 逐日教学进度表范例二(以每周五节课为例) (xxvi)based on five sessions a week General Principles and Useful Resources 总体教学原则及资源 (xxxiii)II. Teaching Suggestions II. 教学参考意见Introduction 导论 (1)Lesson 1: Greetings 第一课:问好 (3)Teaching Suggestions and Sequencing of Important Language Points 重要语言点的教学建议与顺序 (4)Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习..............................10Lesson 2: Family第二课:家庭 .............................11Teaching Suggestions and Sequencingof Important Language Points重要语言点的教学建议与顺序................12Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习 (22)Lesson 3: Dates and Time 第三课:时间 (23)Teaching Suggestions and Sequencing of Important Language Points 重要语言点的教学建议与顺序 (23)Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习 (33)Lesson 4: Hobbies 第四课:爱好 (35)Teaching Suggestions and Sequencing of Important Language Points 重要语言点的教学建议与顺序 (35)Exercises for the Main Text主课文的练习 (43)SAMPLE vi Integrated Chinese • Level 1 Part 1 • Teacher’s HandbookLesson 5: Visiting Friends第五课:看朋友 ...........................45Teaching Suggestions and Sequencingof Important Language Points重要语言点的教学建议与顺序................45Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习 (55)Lesson 6: Making Appointments 第六课:约时间 (57)Teaching Suggestions and Sequencing of Important Language Points 重要语言点的教学建议与顺序 (57)Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习 (63)Lesson 7: Studying Chinese 第七课:学中文 (67)Teaching Suggestions and Sequencing of Important Language Points 重要语言点的教学建议与顺序 (67)Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习 (75)Lesson 8: School Life 第八课:学校生活 (77)Teaching Suggestions and Sequencing of Important Language Points 重要语言点的教学建议与顺序 (77)Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习 (87)Lesson 9: Shopping 第九课:买东西 (89)Teaching Suggestions and Sequencing of Important Language Points 重要语言点的教学建议与顺序 (89)Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习 (97)Lesson 10: Transportation 第十课:交通 (101)Teaching Suggestions and Sequencing of Important Language Points 重要语言点的教学建议与顺序 (101)Exercises for the Main Text 主课文的练习 (112)III. Workbook Answer KeyIII.《学生练习本》答案 ..................115IV. Sample Quizzes and Tests IV. 考试测验范例 .. (145)SAMPLE Publisher’s NoteWhen Integrated Chinese was fi rst published in 1997, it set a new standard with its focus on the development and integration of the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing). Today, to further enrich the learning experience of the many users of Integrated Chinese worldwide, Cheng & Tsui is pleased to offer this revised and updated third edition of Integrated Chinese. We would like to thank the many teachers and students who, by offering their valuable insights and suggestions, have helped Integrated Chinese evolve and keep pace with the many positive changes in the fi eld of Chinese language instruction. Integrated Chinese continues to offer comprehensive language instruction, with many new features and useful shared resources available on our website at .The Cheng & Tsui Chinese Language Series is designed to publish and widely distribute quality language learning materials created by leading instructors from around the world. We welcome readers’ comments and suggestions concerning the publications in this series. Please contact the following members of our Editorial Board, in care of our Editorial Department (e-mail: editor@).Former members of our Editorial BoardProfessor Timothy Li g ht (emeritus)Professor Stanley R. Munro (emeritus) Professor Ronald Walton (in memoriam) W estern Michigan University University of Alberta University of MarylandProfessor Shou-hsin Teng Chief Editor Graduate Institute of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language National Taiwan Normal UniversityProfessor Dana Scott BourgerieDepartment of Asian and Near Eastern LanguagesBrigham Young UniversityProfessor Samuel CheungDepartment of ChineseChinese University of Hong KongProfessor Hong Gang JinDepartment of East Asian Languages and LiteraturesHamilton CollegeProfessor Ying-che LiDepartment of East Asian Languages and LiteraturesUniversity of HawaiiSAMPLEviiiPrefaceIt has been over ten years since Integrated Chinese (IC ) came into existence in 1997. During these years, amid the historical changes that have taken place in China and the rest of the world, the demand for Chinese language teaching and learning materials has grown dramatically. We are greatly encouraged by the fact that IC has not only been a widely used textbook at the college level in the United States and beyond, but also that it has become increasingly popular with high school classes. One major factor for the success of IC has been the steadfast support from the teachers of Chinese, whose feedback greatly facilitated the repeated revisions of the series throughout the years.In a sense, this new Teacher’s Handbook accompanying the third edition of IC is our way of repaying the teachers who have adopted IC as the textbook for their classes. The aims of the handbook are to make IC easier to use and Chinese language teaching more effective. With those guiding principles for its compilation, this handbook is an expansion of the series that is aimed solely at Chinese language teachers. In this handbook, we have provided discussions of the general principles on teaching Chinese, information on useful resources for teaching, sample syllabi and schedules, answer keys, as well as specific suggestions on teaching the language points in each lesson. Instead of being prescriptive, the content here is intended to alleviate the burden on teachers, who are welcome to utilize its features selectively and adaptively based on their actual needs.Some of the pedagogical practices recommended in this handbook may not be as prevalent in all corners of the Chinese-teaching field. As the user will notice, in this handbook we have called for close attention to common pronunciation errors, especially those due to the similarities between English and pinyin spellings. We have also tried to achieve a new balance between grammar on one side and vocabulary and characters on the other, attaching greater importance to the analysis of specific words and characters. In particular, we have regularly highlighted the phonetic and semantic components in Chinese characters and used them to relate different words and characters by pointing out their shared components. While we firmly believe in the pedagogical value of these practices, we encourage teachers to prioritize their teaching activities based on their students’ proficiency levels in different language skills.In general, materials in this handbook are arranged in order to optimize their effectiveness in the classroom. For instance, the placement of mechanical drills before more communicative activities is prompted by the need for scaffolding. For the same reason, the arrangement of different activities on a given language point usually progresses from easy to difficult and from controlled to more open-ended. Elsewhere, however, the rationale may not be as obvious. For example, at certain places one may find tips on vocabulary and characters mixed together with those on grammar. In these cases, we felt it more effective to group together grammar explanations and vocabulary tips linked by a common theme.The current volume is the result of a long course of preparation. The IC authors have provided a large number of grammar notes, tips on teaching aids and class activities, detailed lesson plans, drill exercises, sample syllabi and course schedules, but it took the sustained efforts of Professor Zheng-sheng Zhang, compiler of this handbook, to edit and reorganize these materials. He is also responsible for many of the added materials in the volume, especially the general instructional principles and most of the tips on teaching vocabulary and characters.Contents ixAs we prepared this handbook, we have accumulated more academic and intellectual debts than wecan possibly acknowledge here. As we said above, the Chinese teachers at both college and high school levelshave always been a primary source of support and inspiration for us. To them we feel eternally indebted.We also wish to take the opportunity to express our gratitude to those who have helped us in different ways. Among many others, our particular thanks go to Laurel D amashek and Minying Tan, our editorsat Cheng & Tsui, as well as Shu-Ling Wu and Changqin Geng, who prepared the sample quizzes and tests inthis handbook.SAMPLESAMPLExHow to Use this Handbook本手册使用须知This handbook contains a collection of teacher resources which are not generally found in the textbook itself. They include the following:本手册为教师提供一般而言并不见之于课本本身的诸多资源,包括:a. General guidelines for instructionb. U seful resourcesc. T ips and suggestions for teaching languagepoints including characters, vocabulary,pronunciation and grammar d. N otes on frequently encountered studenterrorse. Answer key to the student workbookf. Sample quizzes and testsa. 教学实践的一般原则b. 实用性资源c. 汉字、词汇、发音和语法等语言点的教学提示d. 关于学生常见错误的提示e. 《学生练习本》中的练习答案f. 考试测验范例It is important to bear in mind that this manual provides flexible guidelines which teachers can use to develop their own detailed lesson plans. In other words, it should not be regarded as a book of “recipes” to follow. The reasons for this are as follows:请记住本手册并不提供详尽的教程计划。
中文搜索引擎大全及简介
中文搜索引擎大全及简介主要搜索引擎(独立的搜索技术)Google简体中文Google 的使命是整合全球范围的信息,使人人皆可访问并从中受益。
在访问Google 主页时,您可以使用多种语言查找信息、查看新闻标题、搜索超过10 亿幅的图片,并能够细读全球最大的Usenet 消息存档,其中提供的帖子超过10 亿个,时间可以追溯到1981 年。
2005年,Google高调进军中国市场,推出Google搜索中国版,命名为:谷歌搜索百度搜索百度搜索引擎拥有目前世界上最大的中文搜索引擎,总量超过3亿页以上,并且还在保持快速的增长。
百度搜索引擎具有高准确性、高查全率、更新快以及服务稳定的特点,能够帮助广大网民快速的在浩如烟海的互联网信息中找到自己需要的信息,因此深受网民的喜爱。
雅虎中国/2005年11月9日阿里巴巴公司在完成对雅虎中国的收购与整合之后,重新发布了进入中国市场7年之久的雅虎网站, 未来雅虎在中国的业务重点方向将全面转向搜索领域,这也是自8月11日阿里巴巴宣布收购雅虎中国时就从没改变的方向。
阿里巴巴CEO马云表示: 阿里巴巴在搜索领域既有决心更有信心,在中国,雅虎就是搜索,搜索就是雅虎。
2006年8月,雅虎中国推出独立搜索引擎网站入口中国搜索/中国搜索(原慧聪搜索)2002年正式进入中文搜索引擎市场,2003年8月24日慧聪搜索(现中国搜索)正式推出第三代智能中文搜索引擎.2003年12月23日慧聪搜索正式独立运作,成立中国搜索,陈沛出任CEO,同时推出中国搜索新闻中心。
2004年2月26日中国互联网新闻中心、IDG集团注资中国搜索,成立合资公司。
并提出"个人门户时代"的创新理念。
2004年2月26日中搜桌面搜索引擎网络猪1.0版公开发布。
实现主要功能:桌面搜索、个性化定制新闻专题、行业资讯、对接即时通(IMU)、自写短信功能、智能搜索(按照用户天气预报设置的城市,在目标城市范围内进行搜索),目前最新版本是3.0beta。
对外汉语教学网站介绍
对外汉语教学网站介绍对外汉语教学网站是专门为非华裔学习者提供汉语学习资源和服务的网站。
它不仅提供了丰富的学习材料和教学资源,还提供了在线课程和学习社区,使学习者能够更好地学习和交流。
下面将介绍几个比较受欢迎和有影响力的对外汉语教学网站。
中国国家汉办对外汉语教学网是中国国家级机构的官方网站,它提供了全方位的学习资源和服务。
网站上有大量的教材、课件、习题、音频和视频等教学资源,适合不同程度的学习者。
此外,它还提供了在线汉语水平考试(HSK)的模拟题和真题,并提供了在线报名和成绩查询服务。
Hello Chinese是一款非常受欢迎的汉语学习手机应用程序,也提供了网页版。
该应用程序通过生动有趣的教学方式,帮助学习者掌握汉语基本词汇和语法,并提供了大量的练习题和口语练习,使学习者能够更好地实践所学知识。
ChinesePod是一家专门为海外学习者提供中文听力和口语练习的网站。
它提供了海量的有声课程,涵盖了各个主题和语言水平。
学习者可以根据自己的需求选择合适的课程,并通过听力训练和练习题提高自己的听力和口语能力。
Lingoda是一个提供在线语言课程的平台,其中包括对外汉语课程。
它为学习者提供了灵活的学习选项,学习者可以选择自己的课程时间和教师,并通过一对一的在线课程进行学习。
该平台还提供了定制的学习计划和个人化的指导,帮助学习者达到他们的语言学习目标。
总结起来,对外汉语教学网站为学习者提供了丰富的学习资源和服务,帮助他们提高汉语水平。
无论是提供教材和学习资料,还是提供在线课程和学习社区,这些网站都在为学习者创造一个良好的学习环境。
学习者可以根据自己的需求选择合适的网站和平台进行学习,提高自己的汉语能力。
人教新目标版九年级英语上册 期末冲刺——阅读理解突破卷(一)【含答案】
人教新目标版九年级英语上册期末冲刺——阅读理解突破卷(一)班级:姓名:得分:.阅读理解。
阅读下列材料,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
AMarconi,an Italian inventor, who gave us the radio, probably didn’t know how much his great invention would have done for the world in the years to come.Radio has perhaps done as much as any other communication tool.Things of the world can be reported to people everywhere a few seconds after they happened.Travelers in out -of-the-way places,ships at sea,and even astronauts round the earth are able to keep in touch with each other by radio.Television is another important invention.It lets us see as well as hear the actor.Since it was invented,TV has done a great deal in the daily life of people everywhere.Many programs are now televised on TV.Perhaps the most modern invention is “Telstar”, a “star”moving round the earth.It makes it possible for the people all over the world to be closer than ever before.Now on TV a family in Chicago can watch a motor car race in Italy, a table tennis competition in Beijing or a volleyball match in Japan as these events are actually happening!()1.How many kinds of inventions does the writer mention in the article?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.()2.Where did Marconi come from?A.America.B.France.C.Italy.D.Japan.()3.What does the underlined phrase “out-of-the-way”mean in Chinese?A.不合适的B.偏僻的C.尽力的D.繁华的()4.When the writer introduces Marconi in the first paragraph,he means______.A.he is just an Italian inventorB.his invention has done much for the worldC.he reported much to people all over the worldD.he helped people travel a lot around the world()5.What is “Telstar”used to do according to the passage?A.To receive and store information.B.To move around the earth just like the moon.C.To give light to the earth at night.D.To help send radio or TV information to the world.BIn 1972,Richard Sears,a young American began learning Chinese because of his interest in traditional Chinese culture.Drawn__to__the__ancient__language,he went to China to study Chinese in the 1990s.In 1994,Richard Sears decided to put the ancient Chinese characters online.Then,in 2002,he did it.That is the beginning of the Chinese Etymology(汉字字源)website.“My website did not get much attention for the next few years.Until one day in 2011,it suddenly got a lot of attention.”“I got a few thousand emails,and a few million visitors and people started calling me‘Uncle Hanzi’,”Sears said with a smile.Hanzi means Chinese characters.He has put more than 96,000 ancient Chinese characters onto the website.“When I study each character,I wonder what the ancient Chinese thought,”said Sears.After visiting many Chinese cities,Sears learned more about China and ancient Chinese culture.He said when he came to China in the last century,few Chinese could speak good English.“However,you can hear English in many places in China now.Chinese language and culture were mysterious and not known by people in most countries then,but now,more and more people in the world are learning Chinese,even Chinese history,traditional Chinese medicine and so on,”Sears added.At present,the 70yearold American has made his home in China.“When I die,I hope my website will live on,and I'm planning to write a book about my research.This will be my gift to China,” he said.( )1.What does the underlined phrase “Drawn to the ancient language” mean in Paragraph 2?A.Sears was interested in ancient Chinese.B.Sears had to study Chinese characters.C.Sears could draw Chinese characters well.D.Sears could speak ancient Chinese very well.( )2.Chinese Etymology website went online in ________.A.1972B.1994C.2002D.2011( )3.What did Sears put on Chinese Etymology website?A.Chinese history.B.Ancient Chinese characters.C.The daily life of Richard Sears.D.Traditional Chinese medicine.( )4.From the passage,we can infer that Sears set up the website to ________.A.become famousB.get the nick name “Uncle Hanzi”C.write a book about his researchD.make more people know about ancient Chinese characters( )5.What's the best title for the passage?A.Great Changes in ChinaB.Mysterious Chinese Language and CultureC.American “Uncle Hanzi”D.A Young American and Traditional Chinese Culture(云南期中)CDrinking tea is an important part of Chinese culture.It is seen as the national drink in China.The most common types of Chinese tea are as follows.Green tea is the oldest and most popular tea in China.It has a pale color and a strong flavor(口味).It is produced mainly in Anhui and Zhejiang.The most popular green tea is Longjing,which is produced near West Lake,Hangzhou.Black tea is the second most popular type of Chinese tea.It can help treat(治疗) stomachache.Wulong tea,also known as blue tea,has a gentle flavor and can help people loseweight.Tieguanyin Tea in Anhui and Dongding Wulong in Taiwan are two well-known types of it.Scented tea(花茶) is created by mixing tea leaves with flowers.It is known by strong fragrance(芳香),and it can help people feel comfortable after drinking.Jasmine(茉莉) tea is the most popular of this kind.Tips of Tea DrinkingDo you know how to drink tea in a right way?Here are some tips.•Drinking it while it's hot.•Don't drink too much strong tea.•The best time to drink tea is between meals.•Drink tea a couple of hours after taking medicine.•Green tea is the best for office workers()1.______ is the oldest and most popular tea in China.A.Wulong teaB.Scented teaC.Red teaD.Green tea()2.Black tea can ______.A.help people lose weightB.help people feel luckyC.help treat stomachacheD.help people sleep well()3.Dongding Wulong tea is produced in ______.A.TaiwanB.ZhejiangC.AnhuiD.Hangzhou()4.Scented tea is made by ______.A.flowersB.tea leavesC.tea leaves with flowersD.flowers and fruit()5.The right way to drink tea is ______.A.to drink it while it's coldB.to drink between mealsC.to drink too much strong teaD.to drink with medicineDAre your parents often angry with you?Or do you always disagree with your parents? Maybe the relationship between you and your parents is terrible.It's difficult to make your home become a happy and healthy place.In fact,you can change the situations by the following keys.Respect It's important to show your respect and care about your parents' feelings.Though you have disagreements(分歧) at least try to understand whatever they're trying to tell you.You shouldn't keep your own thoughts only.Communication You can communicate with your parents in a polite way.You may not get what you want,but explaining your thoughts calmly and rationally (理智地) may show parents that you are no longer a kid,not just a kid.Trust How can your parents build trust in you? It depends on what you do.For example,if you get home late without calling first,next time your parents may notbelieve you.To earn (赢得) their trust,you must pay attention to the ways you do things instead of fighting with them.It will make your life much easier.Taking time together Some teens find that sharing time together can build trust and communication.Your parents may be interested in going shopping,hanging out and playing cards with you.Spending time together will drive away the “black cloud” hanging over your home.Your parents give all their love to you.Why not try these ways actively to own a happy family as you want?E根据短文内容,从短文后所给的选项中,选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
介绍各国的网站英语作文
介绍各国的网站英语作文1. The official website of China is a comprehensive platform providing information on the country's history, culture, economy, and government policies.2. Japan's website offers a glimpse into the country's unique blend of tradition and modernity, with sections on traditional arts, technology innovations, and popular culture.3. The United States website is a hub of information on American politics, entertainment, sports, and business, reflecting the country's diverse and dynamic society.4. The United Kingdom's website showcases the country's rich heritage, from its historic landmarks and royal family to its vibrant arts and music scene.5. Australia's website highlights the country's stunning natural beauty, outdoor lifestyle, andmulticultural society, making it a popular destination for tourists and immigrants alike.6. Germany's website features information on the country's strong economy, engineering prowess, and commitment to sustainability, reflecting its position as a leader in Europe.7. France's website captures the essence of thecountry's art, fashion, cuisine, and joie de vivre, attracting visitors from around the world to experience its unique charm.8. India's website celebrates the country's cultural diversity, spiritual traditions, and rapid economic growth, showcasing its status as a rising global power.9. Brazil's website reflects the country's love for music, dance, and football, as well as its natural wonders like the Amazon rainforest and beautiful beaches.10. Russia's website offers insights into the country'shistory, literature, and scientific achievements, as well as its vast landscapes and unique cultural traditions.。
介绍中国文化网站英文作文
介绍中国文化网站英文作文《Introducing Chinese Culture Website》In today’s digital age, websites have become an important platform for sharing and promoting various cultures. One such website that focuses on introducing Chinese culture is a valuable resource for people around the world.The website offers a comprehensive and diverse range of content related to Chinese culture. It includes sections on history, art, literature, philosophy, traditional customs, and modern developments. Users can explore the rich heritage of China through detailed articles, images, videos, and interactive features.One of the key features of the website is its emphasis on providing accurate and in-depth information. The content is curated by experts in the field, ensuring that users receive reliable and up-to-date knowledge about Chinese culture. This helps to dispel common myths and misunderstandings, and promotes a deeper understanding and appreciation of China’s cultural traditions.The website also showcases the diversity of Chinese culture. It highlights different regions, ethnic groups, and historical periods, presenting a comprehensive view of the country’s cultural landscape. Users can learn about the unique characteristics and contributions of each region, as well as the common threads that bind Chinese culture together.In addition to providing information, the website offers various interactive elements to engage users. This may include quizzes, games, and discussion forums, allowing users to actively participate and share their own experiences and perspectives. Such interactivity helps tocreate a sense of community and encourages users to further explore and engage with Chinese culture.Furthermore, the website serves as a bridge between different cultures. It provides a platform for people from different backgrounds to come together and learn about each other. By sharing Chinese culture, it promotes cultural exchange and understanding, fostering a more inclusive and global society.The website dedicated to introducing Chinese culture is a valuable resource for anyone interested in learning about this ancient and vibrant civilization. Through its comprehensive content, accurate information, and interactive features, it offers a rich and immersive experience that helps to deepen our understanding and appreciation of Chinese culture. By promoting cultural exchange and understanding, it contributes to a more diverse and inclusive world. So, whether you are a student, a traveler, or simply a lover of culture, this website is definitely worth exploring.。
Self-Praise on Chinese Social Network Sites
US-China Foreign Language,November2022,Vol.20,No.11,403-408doi:10.17265/1539-8080/2022.11.003PUBLISHING Self-Praise on Chinese Social Network SitesZHANG Zhengkun,Aini AliyaUniversity of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,ChinaThe self-praise involves disclosing positive things about oneself,which can be seen as self-promoting behavior.The phenomenon of self-praise has attracted a wide range of scholarly interest in the field of pragmatics in recentyears.However,current studies are predominately focused on self-praising behavior on some traditional socialmedia platforms,such as Weibo,Twitter,and so forth.Some newly-born social media platforms are to a largeextent under-represented.As such,the study interrogates the pragmatic strategies of self-praise on Chinese socialnetworking sites,in a qualitative and quantitative analysis of300user-generated posts on Xiaohongshu,one of themost popular social media platforms in China.Keywords:self-praise,social media platform,Xiaohongshu,postsIntroductionPeople always think highly of their social image and strategic self-presentation(Goffman,1959). Self-praise,as one type of self-presentation,involves disclosing positive statements about oneself to construct a favorable self-image(Bulter,Muraven,&Stillwell,1995).The phenomenon of self-praise in the online context violates classic politeness theories,such as the modesty maxim in Leech’s(1983)politeness theory and the self-denigration maxim proposed by Gu(1990).What’s more,self-praise threatens the hearer’s face(Brown& Levinson,1987)given the overt compliment paid to the speaker.In recent years,the popularity of self-praise in the online context has attracted a wide range of scholarly interest.For instance,Mattley(2018)explored the pragmatic function of the hashtags#brag and#humblebrag on Instagram.Tobback(2019)surveyed the self-praise of professional’s LinkedIn profiles.Ren and Guo(2020)investigated the self-praise strategies employed by ordinary people and celebrities on Weibo.The research results of previous studies point toward the anonymity of social media which leads to the pervasiveness of self-praise in the online context. Nevertheless,current studies overlook the self-praise on some newly-born social networking sites,such as Xiaohongshu,which is one of the most influential Chinese social network sites.Therefore,the present study interrogated self-praise on Chinese newly-born social network sites,an under-investigated area.Previous Studies on Self-PraiseSelf-presentation is unavoidable in interpersonal relationship(Goffman,1959).The process ofFunding:The research is funded by the China Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project(Fund No. 22YJC740002).ZHANG Zhengkun(Corresponding author),M.A.,College of Foreign Languages,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,China.Aini Aliya,Ph.D.,associate professor,College of Foreign Languages,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai,China.SELF-PRAISE ON CHINESE SOCIAL NETWORK SITES404self-presentation is influenced by many factors,such as the relationship between the speaker and the audience, social norms,and the motivation of the speaker.As a typical self-presentation,self-praise occurs frequently on social media(Ren&Guo,2020).Drawing on Ren and Guo(2020),this study defines self-praise as a speech act through which interlocutors disclose positive things about themselves.Recent years have seen various studies exploring self-praise on social media.For example,Dayter(2014) investigated the pragmatic strategies of self-praise in an online ballet community.This study reveals multifarious strategies by ballet students including self-praise plus disclaimer,self-praise plus shift of focus, self-praise plus self-denigration,and self-praise plus reference to hard work.Tobback(2019)analyzed the way that French and US professionals present themselves on LinkedIn.There are also some researchers centering on self-praise strategies employed by ordinary people(Ren&Guo,2020)and celebrities(Guo&Ren,2020)on Chinese social media platforms.However,their scholarly interest mainly focuses on Weibo whereas ignores some newly-born Chinese social network sites,such as Xiaohongshu,Tik Tock,WeChat,and so forth. Therefore,this study attempts to investigate the self-praise strategies adopted by Chinese netizens and why different strategies are employed drawing on a dataset of300authentic posts collected from Xiaohongshu.MethodologyData CollectionThe present study decided to focus on data collected from Xiaohongshu,which is one of the most popular media for computer-mediated communication(CMC)in China.With its considerable number of users, Xiaohongshu is dubbed as the“Chinese Instagram”.According to official data on the Xiaohongshu website,the number of active monthly users is more than200million.Most of the CMC platforms require the users to register with real information whereas the users of Xiaohongshu can register with their real name or nickname and freely manage their profile.Users can search for the information they need via the search function provided by Xiaohongshu.We search for the keyword“自夸”(self-praise)in the search interface of Xiaohongshu(30days)to ensure the data are relevant with self-praise and representative.Then we collect the Top10blogs related to self-praise each day. As such,we collected300posts relevant to self-praise by different users and served as the basis for further analysis.Data AnalysisWe code the300posts with the help of NVivo(Version12).First,we read through all the posts and coded the self-praise strategies based on their content.For posts containing more than one strategy,we coded each independent strategy separately to ensure the accuracy of the study.Then,we categorized the self-praise strategies with similar functions into the same category based on the classification proposed by Ren and Guo (2020):implicit self-praise,modified self-praise,and explicit self-praise without modification.In total,we identified309self-praise strategies in the300posts.ResultsIn this part,by presenting the percentages and frequencies of separate strategies and qualitative analysis of representative posts,we examine the self-praise strategies in detail.Table1displays the percentage and frequency of each type of strategy.SELF-PRAISE ON CHINESE SOCIAL NETWORK SITES405 Table1Frequency and Percentage of Self-Praise Strategies.Self-praise strategy Frequency Percentage(%) Explicit self-praise without modification13242.7Modified explicit self-praise10835Praise from a third party4113.3Change of praise focus3611.7Disclaimer227.1Reference to hard work9 2.9Implicit self-praise6922.3Self-praise as sharing3310.7Self-praise as a complaint247.8Self-praise as denigration12 3.9Total309100Explicit Self-Praise Without ModificationDrawing on Dayter(2014),explicit self-praise without modification refers to direct praising utterances using positive evaluative words supplemented by multimedia means of self-presentation,such as photos or videos.By using this type of self-praise strategy,the blogger consciously or unconsciously conveys a message that the blogger is better than the audience,thus threatening the audience’s positive face.Example1:今天的刘海太好看了请允许我自夸一下!(附图作者本人自拍)My bangs are so pretty today!Please allow me to praise myself!(The post is followed by the blogger’s selfie)The direct descriptive word“pretty”in Example1,along with the blogger’s selfie,conveys a message that the blogger is beautiful.A good selfie is a positive form of self-presentation,and a beautiful selfie posted online represents a blogger’s ideal self.The face in the selfies posted in the example wears delicate makeup to depict the bloggers’ideal selves.In the above-mentioned case,the blogger praises herself through words and pictures without any modification.Modified Explicit Self-PraiseDisclaimer.When employing the strategy of disclaimer to praise themselves,bloggers usually add a trigger,such as“I am not bragging”to deny the fact that they are praising themselves.Example2:不是我自夸,我家的蜂蜜真他娘的好吃!(附图作者自制蜂蜜照片)I’m not praising myself,but my homemade honey is so delicious!(The post is followed by the picture of the blogger’s homemade honey)With the help of the disclaimer“I’m not praising myself”,the blogger pretends to be modest to disaffirm that she is boasting.However,the latter sentence“my homemade honey is so delicious!”represents his real intention—That is to advertise his homemade honey and attract customers.Praise from a third party.“Praise from a third party”means praising oneself by quoting a third party’s evaluations.It was the most frequently employed strategy in modified self-praise,standing for13.3%of all self-praise strategies.This strategy is popular since the evaluation from the third party can validate theSELF-PRAISE ON CHINESE SOCIAL NETWORK SITES406blogger’s merits more objectively.Example3:经常被别人夸鼻子好看,同学还有觉得我整过鼻子的,现在我觉得它好特别。
介绍关于中华传统文化网站英语作文初中
介绍关于中华传统文化网站英语作文初中Introduction to Traditional Chinese Culture WebsiteAs one of the oldest civilizations in the world, China has a rich and diverse cultural heritage that has been passed down for thousands of years. From ancient philosophy and art to traditional medicine and martial arts, Chinese culture encompasses a wide range of traditions and practices that continue to inspire people around the globe.For those who are interested in learning more about Chinese culture, the Traditional Chinese Culture website is an excellent resource. This website is dedicated to promoting and preserving the traditional customs, beliefs, and practices of China, making them accessible to people of all ages and backgrounds.One of the highlights of the Traditional Chinese Culture website is its comprehensive collection of articles and resources on various aspects of Chinese culture. From the history of Chinese calligraphy and painting to the principles of Feng Shui and Chinese astrology, visitors can explore a wide range of topics that provide insights into the traditions and values of the Chinese people.In addition to articles, the Traditional Chinese Culture website also features a variety of multimedia resources, including videos, podcasts, and interactive quizzes. These resources are designed to engage visitors in a fun and informative way, allowing them to learn more about Chinese culture through different formats and mediums.Furthermore, the Traditional Chinese Culture website regularly updates its content with new articles, resources, and events, ensuring that visitors have access to the latest information on Chinese culture. Whether you are a student, teacher, scholar, or simply someone who is curious about Chinese traditions, this website is a valuable and educational resource that can deepen your understanding and appreciation of Chinese culture.In conclusion, the Traditional Chinese Culture website is a great online platform for anyone who wants to explore and learn more about the rich and vibrant culture of China. By providing articles, resources, and multimedia content, this website offers a comprehensive and engaging experience that can help people from all walks of life to connect with and appreciate the beauty and depth of Chinese culture. Visit the Traditional ChineseCulture website today and start your journey into the fascinating world of Chinese traditions and practices.。
manhuascan 英文版
manhuascan 英文版Manhuascan is a popular website that provides English translations of various Chinese manhua (comics) for readers around the world. The website offers a wide range of genres, including action, romance, fantasy, and more, catering to diverse interests of the readers. Manhuascan has gained a significant following due to its timely updates and high-quality translations, making it a go-to platform forEnglish-speaking fans of Chinese manhua.One of the key reasons for the popularity of Manhuascan is its extensive library, which includes both ongoingseries and completed works. This allows readers to discover new titles and catch up on their favorite stories. Additionally, the user-friendly interface of the website makes it easy to navigate and access the content, enhancing the overall reading experience.Furthermore, Manhuascan's commitment to respecting the original creators and artists is evident through itssupport for official releases and licensed translations. By promoting legal and authorized distribution of manhua, the website contributes to the growth of the global manhua industry and encourages readers to support the creators by accessing their work through legitimate channels.In summary, Manhuascan serves as a valuable platformfor English-speaking audiences to explore and enjoy Chinese manhua. Its diverse selection, reliable updates, and adherence to ethical practices have contributed to its reputation as a leading source for English translations of manhua.。
中英文企业站模板
中英文企业站模板As a language model, I am here to assist you in creating a comprehensive article on "Corporate Websites: A Modern Guide in English and Chinese Templates." Let's delve into the world of digital representation for businesses, highlighting the importance and practicality of designing effective corporate websites.1. Introduction。
In today's digital age, a strong online presence is a vital tool for businesses to connect with their audience, showcase their products and services, and establish credibility. A well-designed corporate website, tailored to both English and Chinese audiences, serves as the digital face of the company, reflecting its professionalism and adaptability.2. The Importance of a Corporate Website。
A corporate website serves as a hub for information, providing a platform for:Branding: It presents the company's identity, mission, and values to potential clients and employees.Product and Service Showcase: It allows visitors to browse offerings, understand their features, and make informed decisions.Customer Engagement: Interactive elements like contact forms, blogs, and FAQs facilitate communication and customer support.Global Reach: A multilingual site caters to a diverse audience, increasing visibility and market share.3. English Corporate Website Templates。
哔哩哔哩 英语口语
哔哩哔哩英语口语Bilibili: A Chinese Video Sharing Giant.Bilibili, also known as B Site, is a Chinese video sharing website that is popular among young people. It was founded in 2009 and is headquartered in Shanghai. Bilibili has over 300 million monthly active users and is one of the most popular video sharing websites in China.What is Bilibili?Bilibili is a video sharing website that allows users to upload, view, and share videos. The website has a wide variety of content, including anime, music, games, and entertainment. Bilibili also has a strong community of users who create and share their own content.What makes Bilibili different?There are several things that make Bilibili differentfrom other video sharing websites. First, Bilibili has a strong focus on anime and Japanese culture. The website has a large collection of anime and manga, and it is also a popular destination for fans of Japanese music and games.Second, Bilibili has a unique comment system. Users can leave comments on videos, and other users can then reply to those comments. This creates a sense of community and allows users to interact with each other.Third, Bilibili has a strong emphasis on user-generated content. The website encourages users to create and share their own videos, and it provides a variety of tools to help users do so.How to use Bilibili.To use Bilibili, you will need to create an account. You can do this by signing up with your email address or your phone number. Once you have created an account, you can start browsing the website and watching videos.If you want to upload a video to Bilibili, you willneed to click on the "Upload" button at the top of the page. You can then select a video file from your computer and upload it to the website.What are the benefits of using Bilibili?There are many benefits to using Bilibili. First, the website has a wide variety of content to choose from. Second, the website has a strong community of users who create and share their own content. Third, the website is easy to use and navigate.Conclusion.Bilibili is a Chinese video sharing website that is popular among young people. The website has a wide varietyof content, a strong community of users, and a unique comment system. Bilibili is a great place to watch videos, learn about new things, and connect with other people.。
微博的概念及特点英文
微博的概念及特点英文The concept and characteristics of Weibo:Weibo, also known as Sina Weibo, is a popular Chinese microblogging website that enables users to post and share short messages and multimedia content. Here are its key concepts and characteristics:1. Microblogging platform: Weibo is primarily a microblogging platform, similar to Twitter. Users can share thoughts, news, photos, videos, and other media content in a concise format, limited to a certain number of characters.2. Social network: Weibo functions as a social networking site, allowing users to follow each other, connect with friends, and interact through comments, likes, and shares. It provides a platform for individuals, media outlets, companies, and public figures to engage with their audience.3. Real-time information: Weibo emphasizes real-time updates, with a constant stream of posts from users. It serves as a source of instant news, celebrity updates, trending topics, and discussions on various subjects, making it a popular platform for staying updated on current events.4. Hashtags and trends: Weibo utilizes hashtags, allowing users to categorize and explore content related to specific topics. The platform also displays hot topics and trending hashtags, enabling users to discover popular discussions and join relevant conversations.5. Multimedia sharing: Weibo supports multimedia content, including photos, videos, and live streaming. Users can upload and view a wide range of media, enhancing engagement and providing a visually appealing experience.6. Mobile-friendly: Weibo's user experience is optimized for mobile devices, with dedicated mobile apps and a responsive interface. Users can easily access and navigate the platform on their smartphones, contributing to its popularity and usage.7. Influencer culture: Weibo has a strong influencer culture, with many individuals and celebrities having a significant following and influence on the platform. Influencers often leverage their popularity to endorse products, share opinions, and participate in promotional activities.8. Censorship and regulations: Weibo is subject to strict censorship and government regulations in China. Content that is deemed sensitive,politically controversial, or violates societal norms may be censored or removed, and user accounts can be suspended for non-compliance.Overall, Weibo is a dynamic and influential microblogging platform in Chinese social media, providing users with a means to communicate, share information, and engage with others in real-time.。
网址用英语怎么说
网址用英语怎么说网址通常指因特网上网页的地址。
企事业单位或个人通过技术处理,将一些信息以逐页的方式储存在因特网上,每一页都有一个相应的地址,以便其他用户访询而获取信息资料,这样的地址叫做网址。
那么你知道网址用英语怎么说吗?接下来跟着店铺来学习一下吧。
网址的英语说法1:website网址的英语说法2:Uniform Resource Locator( URL)网址相关英语表达:论坛网址 Forum Site相关网址 Related Links网址扩展 network address extension医院网址 Hospital website网址收藏 website collection网址的英语例句:1. The old official club website address has been taken over by cybersquatters.俱乐部原来的官方网址已经被人抢注了。
2. The URL for the Lonely Planet travel centre is .“孤独星球旅游中心”的网址是http://。
3. But this site is definitely worth bookmarking.但这个网址肯定值得放进书签里。
4. Internet addresses are also known as URLs.网址也被称作URL。
5. several useful WWW addresses几个有用的万维网网址6. I created a bookmark for my favourite website.我为自己最喜欢的网址创建了一个书签.7. To learn more about biotechnology and agriculture, visit our Web site or call us.要想对生物技术和农业了解的更多些, 请访问我们的网址或拨打电话.8. This site contains adult materials, minors do not enter!此网址含有成人资讯, 未成年者请勿进入!9. Among thousands of websites, many of them are nonprofit.在众多的网址中, 有很多是非盈利的网址.10. Can you input the website to open the station?学生自己尝试输入网址,打开网站.11. The website is designed to help our retailers promote the jeans.我们的网址是为了零售人员促销产品而设计的.12. Antivirus. miningco. com is a good place to find them.antivirus. 就是一个可以找到这些软件的不错的网址.13. Please play both audio - only broadcast to listen to the Translations.如果您要听中文翻译请同时打开下列网址.14. This mega - site links to 17,000 websites related to Singapore.这个信息量极大的网址连接约17,000个与新加坡有关的网址.15. Many Internet sites use patterns to name their computers.很多因特网网址采用特别型式来命名它们的计算机.。
中国的英文读音是什么
中国的英文读音是什么汉语解释:中国(China),位于亚洲东部,这个中国的概念是指一个以华夏文明为主体、中华文化为基础、发展历史绵延5000年的文明古国。
此处中国一词解释的是文化,地理,民族意义上的中国,不是政治国名解释。
中国龙是中华民族的象征。
想知道中国的英文读音是什么吗?中国[zhōng guó]中国的英文释义:<名>China ; the People's Republic of China ; Sino- ; PRC网络China;CN;chinese;CHN中国的英文例句:中国和许多国家进行多方面贸易。
China does a lot of trade with many countries.中国是一个有着悠久历史的东方国家。
China is an oriental country with a long history.中国人用筷子吃饭。
The Chinese eat with chopsticks.那个亚洲人拦住我,问我是不是中国人。
That Asian stopped me and asked if I was Chinese.一位德国科学家打断了我,并问我是否来自中国。
A German scientist interrupted me and asked if I came from China.北京是中国的首都。
Beijing is the capital of China.主张对中国汇率政策采取强硬态度的人承认,全球经济衰退在中国贸易顺差的大幅下降中发挥了一定的作用。
Yuan hawks acknowledge that the global downturn played a role in that slump.中国领导人说过中国永远不做超级大国。
Chinese leaders have already said china will never be a super power.中国曾经声称东海气田完全在中国的专属经济区内。
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2.3 面缺陷
固态材料的界面:表面、晶界、亚晶界、相界
2.3.1 外表面
∙由于另一侧无原子,配位数少于晶体内部,表面几层原子点阵畸变,能量高于晶体内部
∙表面能γ--晶体表面单位面积能量的增加,与表面张力σ相等
∙不同的晶面为外表面时,被破坏的结合键的数目不同=>表面能各向异性
∙密排面的表面能低:体心立方 {110} 与 {100} ,面心立方 {111} 与 {100} 表面能最低
∙外表面杂质的吸附显著影响表面能 T 杂质在外表面的物理吸附 ( 分子键 ) ,化学吸附 ( 离子键、共价键 )
2.3.2 晶界与亚晶界
∙多晶体中,每一个晶粒就是一个小单晶
∙相邻晶粒的位向不同,交界面叫晶粒界,简称晶界
∙晶粒内部位向差极小的亚结构,交界为亚晶界
∙晶界的结构、性质与相邻晶粒的位向差有关。
位向差小于10o,小角度晶界; 10o以上,大度角晶界
∙晶界处原子排列紊乱,能量增高=>晶界能
1. 小角度晶界
∙对称倾侧晶界是最简单的小角度晶界
∙θ接近 10o时,得到的位错密度太大,模型不适用
∙同号位错垂直排列,刃位错的压应力场和拉应力场抵消,能量很低
∙扭转晶界是另一类型的小角度晶界
∙一般小角晶界由刃型位错和螺形位错构成,能量主要能源于位错的能量
晶界是两组互相垂直的螺位错构成的网络
2. 大角度晶界
∙
晶界中原子过于密集的区域为压应力区,原子过于松散的区域为拉应力区 ∙
大角度晶界晶界能较高,在 0.5-0.6J/m 2,与相邻位向无关 ∙ 某些特殊位向的大角度晶界界面能很低--重合位置点阵模型,两晶粒有 1/n 原子处在重合位
置,构成 1/n 重合位置点阵
两个晶粒有 1/5 的
原子是在另一晶粒
点阵的延伸位置;
重合位置构成重合
位置点阵
晶界与重合位置点
阵的密排面重合或
以台阶方式与重合
位置点阵的几个密
排面重合时,晶界
上的重合位置多,
晶界的畸变下降,
晶界能降低
引入一组重合位置点阵的位错,对一般位向的大角度晶界进行讨论,使大角度晶界变成重合位置阵点的小角度晶界。
3. 孪晶界
∙孪晶--相邻两晶粒或晶粒内部相邻部分沿同一个公共晶面 ( 孪晶界 ) ,构成镜面对称的位向关系
∙孪晶界是最简单的一种晶界
∙孪晶界与堆垛层错有密切关系
∙共格孪晶界原子没有错排,不会引起弹性应变能,界面能很低, Cu 的共格孪晶界界面能
0.025J/m2
∙非共格孪晶界界面能约为大角度晶界的 1/2
4. 相界
∙三种相界结构:共格界面、半共格界面、非共格界面
∙共格界面:两相必须有特殊的位向关系,而且原子的排列、晶面间距相差不大,大多数情况下共格界面产生弹性应变和应力,使界面原子匹配
∙半共格界面:相邻晶面间距相差较大,界面上原子不能完全对应
∙失配度δ= ( αα - αβ)/ αα
∙失配度越大,界面位错间距D 越小:
δ<0.05 为完全共格。
δ =0.05~0.25 为半共格界面
δ>0.25 ,完全失去匹配能力,成为非共格界面共格界面界面能最低,非共格界面界面能最高,
半共格界面界面能居中
5. 晶界特性
∙当晶体中存在能降低界面能的异类原子时,这些原子将向晶界偏聚--内吸附
∙晶界上原子具有较高的能量,且存在较多的晶体缺陷,使原子的扩散速度比晶粒内部快得多
∙常温下,晶界对位错运动起阻碍作用,故金属材料的晶粒越细,则单位体积晶界面积越多,其强度,硬度越高
∙晶界比晶内更易氧化和优先腐蚀
∙大角度晶界界面能最高,故其晶界迁移速率最大。
晶粒的长大及晶界平直化可减少晶界总面积,使晶界能总量下降,故晶粒长大是能量降低过程,由于晶界迁移靠原子扩散,故只有在较高温度
下才能进行
∙由于晶界具有较高能量,固态相变时优先在母相晶界上形核。