2015年高二英语话题阅读训练WeekFive健康饮食

Week Five 健康饮食
一、阅读理解（共24小题；共48.0分）
A
Just two apples a day could help protect women against heart disease by cutting their cholesterol(胆固醇) levels, according to new research. Scientists found snacking on the fruit every day for a certain period diminished cholesterol by almost a quarter. The findings, by a team of researchers at Florida State University in the U.S, support the evidence that apples could be good for the heart.
But the latest study suggests they could benefit one of the highest-risk groups. Around 45 percent of British women will suffer from heart disease and it is the biggest single cause among the old women. Up to the menopause(更年期), women appear to have a natural ability to prevent themselves from heart disease and the rate of illness is only a third of that seen in men. Researchers wanted to see if eating the equal of two apples every day could have an important effect on heart disease risk. They found 160 women who had been through the menopause and got half to eat
75 grams a day of dried apple, which is equal to two medium-sized fresh apples. As
a comparison, the other half were told to eat the same amount of prunes(梅干) to see if they had a similar effect.
The results showed that after three months total cholesterol levels in the apple-eating group had dropped by 9 percent and LDL cholesterol (低密度脂蛋白胆固醇) by 16 percent. After six months, levels were even lower, with total cholesterol down 13 per cent and LDL levels dropping by 24 per cent. There was no further decrease in the remaining six months of the experiment. Prunes lowered cholesterol levels slightly but not to the same degree as apples.
In a report on their findings the researchers said, "Eating about two medium-sized apples can lower cholesterol levels as early as three months." British
people can eat nearly 500,000 tons of apples a year. In 2009, a Polish study showed two apples a day also reduced the risk of bowel(肠) cancer by half in adults. And research by scientists at St George' s Hospital Medical School in London shows lung function is improved in middle-aged men if they eat at least one apple every day.
1. The underlined word "diminished" in the first paragraph probably
means .
A. produced
B. destroyed
C. reduced
D.
increased
2. It can be inferred that after menopause women will be ?
A. as likely to have heart disease as men
B. more likely to have heart disease than men
C. more likely to suffer heart trouble than before
D. less likely to suffer heart trouble than before
3. How did the researchers carry out their research?
A. By comparing two groups with different numbers of apples.
B. By comparing two groups with different kinds of fruit.
C. By comparing two groups with different number of prunes.
D. By comparing two groups with different qualities of apples.
4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. The bad effect of eating apples.
B. The changes of cholesterol levels.
C. The good effect of eating prunes.
D. The benefits of eating different fruits.
5. According to the passage, eating apples can benefit .
A. people's heads, hearts and lungs
B. people's bowels, heads and lungs
C. people's bowels, hearts and livers
D. people's bowels, hearts and lungs
B
Young children from poor families are more likely to consume junk food and fizzy drinks (汽水) than their richer companions. A study of 1,800 four and five year olds found more than half of those from poor backgrounds drank at least one a week, compared to just four in ten wealthy kids. They also drank less milk and consumed more fruit juice which is also linked to child obesity caused by high sugar intake.
The phenomenon also related to children who spend more than two hours a day in front of a TV or playing computer games-whatever their social circumstances. A companion study also found children from poor families were more likely to eat chips, sweets and chocolate. Professor Kate Storey said, "When you are looking at that age group, and such a large percentage of very young kids in the study are consuming a large amount of soda, it is quite concerning."
The researchers carried out the study by surveying the parents of their participants to find out their dietary habits. Professor Storey said, "If you are drinking a lot of soda and fruit juice, that can displace consumption of water and milk, which are important not just for ending thirst, but for developing healthy bones and teeth, and health and wellness in general."
Co-researcher Dr John Spence said, "Dietary behaviour and intake patterns are influenced heavily by what happens in the first few years with children, and they maintain those patterns throughout childhood and into adolescence." In addition to basic health education, this study identifies a need in how we are dealing with poverty and recognising there is more to poverty than simply the number of dollars people have.
Professor Storey said that shows how education can make a difference and lead to healthier eating habits, regardless of what is happening at home. "Many families live in places that might not be very healthy for them and, as a result, they make
unhealthy food choices. You can start making a difference in different places. It calls for action in multiple settings, schools and communities, for example. That light-bulb moment can happen in a variety of places." Professor Storey added.
6. What might cause children to be fat?
A. Fizzy drinks.
B. Milk.
C. Fruit juice.
D. Alcohol.
7. What's Kate Storey's attitude on children's present situation?
A. Anxious.
B. Excited.
C. Acceptable.
D. Reasonable.
8. According to the passage, Professor Storey thinks it helpful for
children .
A. to drink more water
B. to drink more milk
C. to drink more soda
D. to drink more fruit juice
9. According to Dr John Spence, children's early stage of life habits can even affect .
A. their living patterns of childhood
B. their living patterns of youthhood
C. their living patterns of middle age
D. their living patterns of old age
10. Professor Storey considers that healthier eating habits can
be .
A. finally determined by parents' habits
B. gently changed by parents' life habits
C. suddenly changed by the family situation
D. gradually changed by education
C
Do you know where the food in your cafeteria comes from? The students at Sopris Elementary School, in Glenwood Springs, Colorado, do. They grow it on their own!
A story in TIME For Kids two years ago about fresh food in schools planted the idea for the school garden. Fifth graders Niamone Myer and Meghan Cobb invited Bruce Christensen, who was the mayor.
Christensen joined the kids in the cafeteria. "We talked about the importance of fresh food, and that's how it all got started," he says. Christensen also happens to be the executive director of Mountain Valley Developmental Services (MVDS). The organization supports people with developmental disabilities through teaching programs. After lunch with the students, Christensen invited Sopris Elementary school to use part of MVDS's greenhouse as well.
Christensen said the project had two goals. The first goal was to help kids learn how food gets from the ground to the cafeteria table. The second goal was that MVDS members and the students would learn from each other. "We wanted to educate kids about people with disabilities who contribute a lot to the community." Christensen said.
Today, the project is blooming. The school was able to add a solar-heating system to the greenhouse to keep plant beds warm in the winter. The project has saved MVDS money by helping to save energy. The money they save will be used to pay back loans and improve the greenhouse. MVDS also hopes to add solar panels to the rooftops soon. "It's worth the time it takes to do it," Browning said. "I've found the parents and community are very much behind it."
More than 400 students are taking care of the plants in the greenhouse. Every class in grades K through 5 garden two or three times a week. In science classes, students are using worms to compost(施肥) the soil. First, vegetable scraps(废料) from the cafeteria are separated from other waste and taken to the greenhouse. Then the worms break down the food scraps to create fresh soil.
11. The students at Sopris Elementary School learned food
knowledge .
A. from textbooks
B. by planting it themselves
C. by asking their parents
D. from their mayor
12. Where did Christensen have his lunch?
A. In the garden of Sopris Elementary school.
B. In the MVDS greenhouse.
C. In the office of MVDS.
D. At the cafeteria of Sopris Elementary school.
13. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A. Two goals of the Glenwood Springs.
B. Two goals of Sopris Elementary School.
C. Two aims of using part of MVDS's greenhouse.
D. Two aims of the cafeteria of Sopris Elementary School.
14. According to Browning, the solar-heating system will .
A. keep plant beds warm in summer
B. waste a lot of money of MVDS
C. be equipped in the greenhouse immediately
D. take more time to fit than expected
15. What can the students in science classes do?
A. they can make fertilizer in a natural way.
B. they can make fertilizer with chemicals.
C. they can feed worms on fresh vegetables.
D. they can kill worms by chemicals.
D
You've heard it repeatedly: Make sure you drink at least eight glasses of water per day. The key words are "at least", because, unless you are a child, you need
more water than that. The rule is, for every 50 pounds of body weight you carry, drink one quart of bottled or filtered(过滤的) water per day. The average person weighs 150 pounds, so they should drink three quarts per day. A 200 pounds person should drink a full gallon per day. Athletes should drink even more than that. Follow these and you've adopted one of the most important health habits.
Our bodies are mostly water, and water is essential to our every function. Drink the appropriate amount, and everything is much more likely to function at the best levels. If you don't drink enough water, over the short term you will experience tiredness, dry skin, headaches and constipation(便秘); over the longer term, every body function will degrade more quickly. It really is as simple as that.
Things get a bit more complicated in what type of water to drink. Bottled water and filtered water are both good options. Do not drink tap water or distilled water (蒸馏水). Bottled water should be bottled in clear glass containers, not the plastic containers that transfer far too many chemicals into the water. Filtered water can be obtained through low-cost filters.
Tap water should be avoided because it contains chlorine(氯) and may contain fluoride(氟化物), which is poisonous and can have terrible consequences for the body. Distilled water should also be avoided because it can burn up your body of necessary minerals. It has been tied to hair loss, which is often associated with certain mineral lack.
Finally, drink water at room temperature if possible, as ice-cold water can harm your stomach.
16. What's the meaning of the underlined word “degrade”?
A. Improve.
B. Strengthen.
C. Reduce.
D. Recover.
17. What kinds of water are proper for drinking?
A. Tap water and bottled water.
B. Tap water and distilled water.
C. Bottled water and filtered water.
D. Distilled water and filtered water.
18. What's the main reason that distilled water isn't recommended to drink?
A. It isn't clean enough to drink.
B. It leads the body to lack certain minerals.
C. It contains too many chemicals.
D. It contains fluoride.
19. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. It is harmful to drink plenty of icy water.
B. One may feel tired due to lack of water for a short time.
C. The water in plastic containers is safe to drink.
D. The water with chlorine is not suitable to drink.
E
You might notice something new in the next few years as you watch Disney programs: Starting in 2015, there won't be any candy, sugary-cereal or fast-food commercials aimed at kids. The Walt Disney Company on Tuesday became the first major media company to ban ads for junk food on its TV channels, radio stations and websites. It hopes this will stop kids from making poor food choices.
The ban would apply to Disney XD and Saturday-morning children's programming on Disney-owned ABC stations, as well as Radio Disney and Disney-owned websites aimed at families with young children. In addition, Disney plans to make changes to its kids' menus at theme parks and resorts. Fast-food options will be replaced with healthier choices, such as smoothies, apples, vegetables and yogurt.
In addition to candy bars and fast-food meals, other foods that don't meet Disney's nutritional standards will be banned from the company's kid-targeted media.
Any cereal with 10 grams or more of sugar per serving will be off the air. There will be no ads for full meals of more than 600 calories. Juices with high levels of sugar and foods with too much salt will also be pulled.
Even though many fast-food chains and food companies offer healthier options, like apples and salads, Disney said it could still deny the companies' ads. Leslie Goodman, Disney's senior vice president of corporate citizenship, said a company that wants to advertise will need to show that it offers a range of healthy options.
Disney isn't the only one pushing away unhealthy foods. Last week, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg proposed a ban on drinks over 16 ounces sold in movie theaters, restaurants and convenience stores in the Big Apple. He says large, sugary drinks are partly to blame for obesity. Getting rid of junk-food ads could make it easier to keep a family on a healthy diet, says Nadine Haskell, a mother of two sons, 8 and 11, from Columbus, Ohio. "If they see a commercial on TV, then the next time we go to the grocery store they'll say they want to try it," said Haskell.
20. The walt Disney Company banned ads for junk food in order to .
A. become the first major media company to do it
B. make its TV channels more popular
C. make its websites much cleaner
D. help kids make better food choices
21. The underlined word "resorts" in the second paragraph refers
to .
A. places for relaxation or amusement
B. places in honor of historic events
C. restaurants selling fast-food
D. restaurants selling healthy food
22. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A. What kinds of foods are banned.
B. What kinds of foods are kept.
C. What kinds of foods are popular.
D. What kinds of foods are tasty.
23. It can be inferred that the Disney Company will advertise .
A. a few of fast-food chains and food companies
B. companies that supply a range of healthy food
C. most fast-food chains and food companies
D. all food companies and fast-food chains
24. According to the passage, eating healthy food will be .
A. opposed by New York City Mayor
B. to blame for obesity
C. a nutritional trend in future
D. a law term in future
答案
一、阅读理解
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. B
9. B 10. D
11. B 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A
16. C 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. D
21. A 22. A 23. B 24. C。