2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习14
2012中考英语复习要点：十二式英语语法集锦
2012中考英语复习要点：十二式英语语法集锦语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。
因此，单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。
而九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中毕业班学生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。
总之，语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。
语法知识掌握得好，将大大加快英语学习的进程。
本文归纳了词法、九种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握五种基本从句。
希望对广大考生们有所帮助。
一。
词法1。
名词1。
1名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加apieceof这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。
如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。
1。
2名词复数的规则变化A。
一般情况下加-s。
B。
以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的加-esC。
以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD。
以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es1。
3名词的所有格A。
单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
如：theworker‘sbike，theChildren’sballB。
表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’s。
如：ThisisLucyandLicy’sroom。
TheseareKate‘sandjack’srooms。
C。
如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。
如：thestudents’books，thegirls’blouses(另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。
中考英语语法二轮复习：代词考点14+many,much,few,little知识点总结
中考英语语法二轮复习【全国通用】代词考点讲义14【精讲版】many，much，few，little知识点总结many与much的若干用法1.两者都表示“许多”，但 many 修饰或代替可数名词（复数），与 few （少数）相对；而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词（单数），与little（少量）相对。
如：Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗?Many poets have died young. 许多诗人很年轻就死了。
Do you have much money left? 你剩的钱多吗?He doesn’t spend much time preparing his lessons.他备课不花太多时间。
2.关于many of 和 much of：(1)其后接名词时，该名词通常应是特指的（比如有the, these, those, my, our, Tom’s等修饰）。
如：Many of the farmers grow rice. 很多农民种稻子。
Many of his ideas were amusing to her. 他的许多想法使她感到有趣。
He spends much of his time outdoors. 他很多时间都在户外度过。
Much of the land was flooded. 大片土地被水淹没。
(2)如果名词没有表特指的限定词，通常就不用of。
如：她没有吃多少早餐。
误：She didn’t eat much of breakfast.正：She didn’t eat much breakfast.大玻璃杯剩下的不多了。
误：There aren’t many of large glasses left.正：There aren’t many large glasses left.(3)如果用了介词of又没有特指限定词，通常是不可以的。
2012年中考英语语法知识难点大全和练习1
英语语法知识难点（一）形容词和副词A．形容词1、形容词的用法：形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。
如：He is honest and hardworking.I found the book interesting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。
如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.The English like to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态（描述性）+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。
如：the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.2、形容词比较等级的形式（1）规则形式一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如：great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiestimportant-more important-(the)most important（2）不规则形式（必须背诵默写得出来）good (well)-better-best bad (ill)-worse-worst many (much)-more-mostlittle-less-least（3）形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如：He is cleverer than the other boys.This one is more beautiful than that one.②表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级（+名词）+of(in) …"如：He is the cleverest boy in his class.③表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如：He is as tall as I.I have as many books as you.④越…越…例如：The more I learn, the happier I am.⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好。
2012年中考英语语法复习：限定动词与非限定动词
限定动词与非限定动词（Finite and Non-finite Verbs）限定动词限定动词在句子当中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制e.g. He can speak both English and French.非限定动词非限定动词在句中不可单独用作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制；它在句中可以用作其他句子成分。
非限定动词有三种，即不定式、动名词和分词不定式一般由“to+动词原形”构成，在句中可担任各种成分 e.g. I hope to see you soon.动名词有些动词的ing形式可起名词的作用，在句中也可但人很多成分e.g. Seeing is believing.分词分词有两种，现在分词和过去分词，这两种分词可构成谓语外，还可用作句子的很多成分 e.g. She seemed surprised.动词不定式动词不定式是一种非限定动词，分为带to的不定式（to+动词原形）和不带to 的不定式。
动词不定式不能单独用作谓语动词，不受主语的人称和数的限制，但保留动词的性质，可以有自己的宾语和状语，并且有进行时、完成时，被动语态的变化；同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
动词不定式的完成式、进行式和被动语态动词不定式有一般式、完成式、进行式、主动语态、被动语态。
下面以动词do为例，列表如下：时态语态主动语态被动语态一般式to do to be done完成式to have done to have been done进行式to be doing动词不定式的一般式表示动词不定式的动作与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或之后发生。
e.g. You must help me to do the cooking this afternoon.(help和do两个动作同时发生)I hope to see you again.(to see这个动作发生在hope之后)动词不定式的完成式强调不定式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
2012中考英语语法
2012 3冠词a an the◆元音字母a e i o uEuropean/ u UFO university uniform useful usual used 二手…orange apple egg /island an interesting / exciting / excellent film◆an active /outgoing /outstanding / impolit/ ugly / eltheletic boyan Asian / Americian/ Australian/ Indian / English girlantist actor assistant 助手attendent服务员althelete astronaut engineeran English teacher an intertional schoolan interesting book an important meeting an impolite kid◆aunt Asian Australian actor action(七上)article animal activity assistant.apartment（七下）active American artist althlete altheletic ear eye easy engineer exchange Indian （八上）accident adult agent alblum Asisan Australia America amusentment（八下）ant airplane advertisement◆eraser egg eight eleven elephant exam expensiveear eye easy engineer exchange Indian exhibitionearthquake elevator excellent Eupopean e –meil empty essage 论文◆island idea interesting important impolite invitation◆old octopus orange outgoing outstanding◆umberlla uncle unfriendly unhealthy unfair unusual unpleasanta/an+单数名词，表某一类别复数名词表某一类别狗友好字典是重要的学习工具An dog is friendly = A dictionary is an important school toolDogs are friendly. Dictionaries are important school tools.This is a book. 2. 泛指一个She is a nurse.An orange is orange. =Oranges are orangePass me the book2.二次出现My mother bought a book, the book is very expensive.3.特指The book on the desk is mine.4.独一无二the moon the sun the earth5.序数词，形容词的最高级The second girl is the shortest., but she runs (the)faster of all6.the+形容词表一类人The poor had to work for the rich7.用于姓氏复数前表一家人或夫妇二人The White is8.乐器play the piano 9.普通名词构成的专有名词the Great Wall the Summer Palace 10 the poor the rich the young the old零冠词：his twelfth birthday / his th e×twelfth birthday.this bike each student Li Ping‘s English.名词有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词名词所有格等修饰代词限定名词前期my your his this that those these 球类，三餐2012数词：基数词和序数词five seconds数词基数词规律--teen (13-19)和__ty 结尾(20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90)序数th ,ie th, f th 结尾twenty→tewntiethfour fourteen fortynine nineteen ninetyfifth twelfth ninth fortieth只有第9没e ,forty, forties 没u8加h 9 去e f代ve 变y 为ie+th基数词:表数量1st 2nd 3rd 4th 21th 21st 100th◆1-10 zero one two three four frive six seven eight nine ten◆11—19eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen◆20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 21---29Twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 21tewnty-one◆100 one hundred 141 one hundred and forty-one―第…‖ th结尾1st 2nd 3rd 4th 21th 21st 100thfirst second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth twelfth eighth nineth 第20 twentieth 第30thirtieth 第40 fortieth 第50fiftieth 第60 sixtieth 第70 seventiet 第80eightieth 第90 ninetieth 第100 one hundredththousand 千million 百万billion 亿teen—th five—fifth twelve—twelfth eighth fourteen forty nine→ninthnineteen ninety ty —tieth易错：He is the taller of the two He is tallest of the three.1. 300 hundred students(several)hundreds of/thousands millions2.twelve months seven days four seasons3 表编号Room 302 Class Two Room 204 Page 14 Class Three Unite 144. in his forties (forty) 在他40几岁5. in 1980 in the 1980s In 1989 读in nineteen eighty-nine在1949 10 1 读on October (the)first, nineteen forty-one6. have a _____(两天) holiday7 of the two / of the three8数词+名词做定语数词和名词之间用连字符名名词用单数◆an 800-meter race a two-day holiday.a /an_____ boy a two – day holiday a five-year-old girl9.◆ f ive minutes’ walk /ride / drive/ 步行5分钟的距离(how far)It‘s a five-minute- walk from shool to my home10．two meters long /wide/ high/deep11．every four years below zero12．a piece of bread / new/ music/ advice/ two pieces ofa glass of a cup of a bottle of a bowl ofa pair of a kind of vegetable /many kinds of flowers13. half an hour one and a half hours one hour and a half. every four years8.表时间past/to two two two to two 2:02 2:5530 forty thirty half past four 6:25 ___ past ___ 8：45 _____to _____序数词①the twelfth month the first day of the week The first month of the yearfor the first (second ) time to do② on the twelfth floor (twelve floors)③ his ninth birthday his the × ninth birthday.the eigntieth of birthday④ the first to do /the last to⑤分数two thirds a half a quarter three quarters three fifths⑥ a/an+序数词―又一，再一He failed twice. He wants to try a third 他失败两次，他还想试一次(第三次)learn a second language 再学一种语言another one =one more another three teachers =three more teachersanother pair / day/ city 另一双/改天/ 另一个城市another cup of tea another two days 再两天8.1.表分数，百分数+ pencent 用单数1／2 a half 1／3 one third 1／4 a quarter 1／5 one fifth2／3 two seconds 3／4 three quarters 2／5 two fifths30﹪30 pencent of the students60﹪60 percent of the population are workers数词练习：1.There are _____ months .December is the ___ month of the year.2 He lives on _______(five)floor3.Yesterday was _______(ninety)birth dayof his grandma‘sToday is his ______(nine) birthday.4.He is an _________(八岁的)boy5 ______is the first day of the week◆表否定的词not no few little hardly never neither none seldom很少比较级、最高级→better best bad/badly/ill→ worse worstmany /much → more mo st little → less least◆提问how soon (in two days/ in a minute)How long ( for / since / it take two days )How often ( once a week/ every day / somethingHow far ( five miles/ two hours’ ride / walk/ drive)When ( in December / at six/ in the evening/)◆考位置：Something/anything/ nothing 某个东西/某件事else /other其他的enough 足够the whole…= all the another/more 再，又1.something/ anything / nothing new /different/ strange / good /nothing serious 不严重There is something wrong with my computer .Nothing is wrong with his ear2.old/ careful/carefully /creative enough足够/仔细3.what/ when/ where else其他的什么东西everyone else其他每个人anyone else 其他任何人4. the whole day =all day 整天the whole class = all the class.全班5.another one /pair/ day / city / another ten minuteneed another two nurses= need t wo more nurses6 such a lovely girl =so lovely a girl检测：1. Is there ________（新内容）in the newspaer?2.Do you ________(好吃的东西)3. He drive ______(够仔细)4.The problem is ______(够容易) I can work it out _____(容易)5..我们还需两张桌子We need ___ two desks = We need two___ desks6 It is such a beautiful flower = It is ___ beautiful a flower .7 He is _______(够仔细)/ He did ________(够仔细)◆ed 结尾的形容词修饰人―感到…‖ ing结尾修饰物―令人…‖interest surprise excite tire bore disappoint=1.I am _____(surprise) to hear the _____(surprise) news.2.The ____(relax)music made me ____(relax)3.She is _____(interest) in the _____(interest) story.一：名词可数不可数：many/ much few/ littledo more work with fewer people and less moneyThere is little milk Let‘s get some1.few/ a few/ little / a little 2 many/ muchmuch/too much /so much /how muchtoo many/ too much / much too coldso many / much / few / little 如此多、如此少1.a/an2. a few =several 几个3.some 一些some others 一些另一些◆one…the other4.many =a lotof = lots of 许多=a number of 许多5. a large of number of 大量、许多6. a small number of 少数7.such robot 这样的机器人8.the number of …的数量9.plenty of =enough friends/ rain （可数，不可数皆可）足量的no pen =not a pen no pen = not any pennews新闻information信息advice 建议忠告=suggestionsweather天气rain/ snow / work homework housework 家务活time money paper poplution 污染液体：water，tea ，coffee，cola soup汤orange, juice, milk yorgut肉类：meat chicken fish beef pork面食bread 面包但cakes sandwiches 面条noodles humberstwo children many tourists/ visitors many/lots of/a lot of + 名词复数hundreds of / thousands of/ millions of不可数名词的用法★★★①much/too much /so much /how much② There is some +不可数名词③ What + 形容词+ 不可数名词★★★_____ good weather it is today！⑷ two pieces of bread.⑤ How much可数不可数：many/ much few/ little fewer/ less moredo more work with fewer people and less moneyThere is little milk Let‘s get some感叹句What + 形容词+ 不可数名词★可数不可数：many/ much few/ little fewer/ less moredo more work with fewer people and less moneyThere is little milk Let‘s get some中考真题：What good news / advice / informationWhat cold/bad /terribel/ fine /nice terrible weatherday◆◆名词变复数：1.+s2．x sh ch +es3.辅音字母+y结尾变y →i+es4. f,fe结尾，f,fe→ v +es5. 0+es hero—heroes tomato---tomatoes potato—potatoesradios photos pianos zoos videos6.foot-feet tooth- teeth man –men woman—women child—children humans toothbrushes7.单复数相同fish 鱼sheep绵羊deer 鹿Chinese中国人Japanese 日本人8 可数不可数表达不同含义：orange,fish，chichen fruit food，hair There was a rain/snow 一场雨/一场雪Bananas and apple are fruits The foods on the desk two hairs/ his hair is long9样子像复数名词表单数phsics maths news Physics is difficult.10样子单数表达复数people/ the police/ the richThere ___ mamy people The police are looking for the thief 警察们正在找小偷◆名词所有格两种形式‗s 和of (做定语)―的‖A:有生命的名词后+‘s 无生命的用of （定语放名词的后边）1.Tony‘s legs the legs of the table a photo of my family a map of China2. 两人共同拥有…lucy and Lily‘s 两人分别拥有…lucy‘s and Lily‘sThe room is____/ the woman is _____mother/The two men are ____father3 s结尾的复数twins’s mother Teachers‘Day Children‘s Day Mother‘s Day Father‘s Day4双重所有格a friend of m y father’s (friends)我父亲(的朋友中的)一个朋友a friend of mine/ his/ hers 我的一个朋友the favorite of my sister‘s5. 时间，距离，国家，城镇，团体+‘sToday‘s workChina‘s population = the population of China 中国的人口five minutes’walk 走5分钟的（距离）→ how far提醒：May Day 五一National Day Chrismas Day 圣诞节everyone else‘s二：形容词:原级比较级最高级good /well→ better best bad/badly/ill→ worse worstmany /much → more most little less least far old1.fast faster fastest2.nice nicer nicest3.hot red big sad glad4.heavy busy happy easy angry dirty funny5 more+原级most+原级beautiful/more beautiful/most beautiful popular /more popular/most popular interesting/more interesting/most interesting careful / more careful/ most careful often / more often/ most ofter fun /more fun/ most funquickly slowly carefully easily often fun1.careful-carefully /quick- quickly2.angry-angrily happy-happily easy-easily lucky-lucyily3.terrible-terribly simple-simply possible—possibly ture- turlyprobable-probably特殊polite –politelyHe works hard . She studies hard (Lucy and Lily)形容词的用法形容词修饰名词，说明人和事物的特征副词用来说明动作或状态的词副词hard well carefullyed, ing, y, ful ant,ent 结尾interest-interested – interesting excite –excitec –excitingtire tired/tiring surprise surprised /surprising bored/ boringdisappoint —ed —ing relaxed/ relaxingdifficent important confident1.做定语：形容词+名词 a careful/caereless boy a happy girl特殊：名词+形容词Something important /anything important/ nothing importantnothing new / nothing seriousThere is something wrong with.(两种否定)2. 做表语：主语+be +形容词He is careful（形容词）3.做宾语make sb +形容词，keep sb +形容词make him angry/happy/ make us excited/interested/There is something wrong with.(否定)There is not anything wrong with …There is nothing wrong with…副词修饰动词He did his homework carefully (副词)Work hard / study harddo well in/do better in /do best instudy well play the piano wellluckily /unlckily原级，比较级，最高级的用法原级1无修饰语:She is shy. The weather is cold2.very/ quite /too/ enough/ so+原级He is very active3 A as 原级as B 一样4. A not as/so +原级+as B= A less +原级than =比较级+than不如赶不上不一样比较级的用法①even/much /a lot/a little + 比较级He fells even woseeven(更)much /a lot（…的多）a little （…一点）②比较级than③Which / Who …+比较级, A or B?④比较级and+比较级more and more+原级⑤The busier … the happier⑥形容词: 6.the +比较级of the two the taller of the two1. one of +最高级+名词复数2. in/ of 短语in China ,in the world ,in jian,in our classof all , of the three.3.Who/Which最高级, A,B or C ?4序数词+最高级第一最，第二最5.最高级sb have/has ever seen/ received-ed/-ing noisy teinterest / bore / excite/ surprise/ frustrate/ relax/ tire/1.keep…quiet/open/closed 1.seem happy/hungry3.make us happymake his class interesting make us interested4.3look/sound/smell/taste +adj5 enough money/time6.careful/carefully enoughdraw well enoutgh7.something importantanything interting主语+am/is/are +adj.look/sound/smell/taste +adj主语+实义动词+adv.形容词原级比较级最高级1没有修饰词.The flowers in the garden are beautiful2.very ,quite, too ,enough , so +原级very big quite quitetso beautiful too much/ many/ too tired / difficult 3.as…as 一样…as interesting as as important asas tall asfeel better soon ,even worse ,even bettermuch taller / a little taller /a lot easiertaller and tall , stronger and strongerfatter and fattermore and more beautiful /important / popular the more the betterthe more the hearierthe harder the better gradesthe more careful the fewer mistakes原级：The flowers in the garden are beautifulHe is very quiet. They are too tiredso lovelyYou will feel ____(well) soon.I hope you willIt was ___(cold) ,it is evev _____( cold)He is _____(good) at English than math.He is getting _____ and _____(tall)The weather is getting __1一般现在时：◆always/usually/often/sometimes/ ◆every day/ once a week◆in the morning/afternoon/evening/ ◆on Sunday/2一般过去时◆ yesterday / yesterday evening=last night last Sunday /last week/◆the day before yesterday =the other day前天◆a few minutes ago just now 刚才this morning ◆often/…+过去时间3一般将来时◆tomorrow/ 明天the day after tomorrow后天this evening 今晚◆next year 明年/ next Sunday◆in a few days /in two days in the future 将来◆before long 不久◆by the end of this term4现在进行时◆now= at the moment= at this time 就在现在◆at present 目前◆these days 这些天◆look, listen5过去进形时then =at the time 在那时at five yesterday昨天5点this time yesterday昨天的这个时候from 5 to 8 yesterday evening6现在完成时◆just 刚刚already已经yet（问,否）还never 从不ever 疑问◆twice /three times many times ◆for /since◆sofar 目前in the last few years before/rencetly最近8．过去完成时◆by that time 到那个时候by the end of last week 到上周末◆过去完成时before +一般过去时◆宾语从句主动语态被动语态1.一般现在时clean/ cleans am/ is cleaned2.一般过去时cleaned was/ were cleaned3.现在进行时：am/is/are cleaning am/ is / are being cleaned4.过去进行时was/were cleaning was/ were being clearned5.一般将来时：will/shall/ clean will be clearnedis,am ,are going to clearn6.过去将来时：would clean7.现在完成时：has/have cleaned8.过去完成时：had cleaned9.现在进行完成时：has/have been clearnedShall I/we … ? shall 只能与I/we 连用◆◆◆被动语态重点考：一般现在：am/is /are cleaned 一般过去：was/were cleaned一般将来：will be cleaned 被动语态：should /can/ must/ be cleaned中考代词复习难点: than that / those that代替不可数n 或单数n/ those 代n. 复数The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shang Hai in winterThe machines (机器) made in China is cheaper than __made in Japan ( those)⒈It takes/ took/ will take sb +some time ______ ( 与spend同义)2.It seems/ seemed that sb= sb seems3.It happened that sb= sth happened4.It is said that 据说5.It is reported that 据报道6 It is believed that 人们相信It is known that 众所周知7.It‘s + adj ( for sb) to do sth It‘s + adj ( of sb) to do sthdifficult=hard/ easy/ important/ necessary/ danger / safegood/ nice/ kind/ bad / polite礼貌/ impolite/ fool/ stupid愚蠢It‘s very kind of you to help us.It‘s time for / to doIt‘s time for home / It‘s time to go home. It‘s time (foryou) to go home.It‘s better/best t o8 It‘s a good idea / way toI don‘t think it is a good idea for her to copy my homework9 It‘s your turn 轮到你了。
2012年中考英语语法复习总结
2012年中考英语语法总结1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7 along with同……一道，伴随……eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask you for my book11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg : At the end of the day16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够……eg : She is able to sing She can sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从……离开29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于……32 be careful 当心；小心33 be different from……和什么不一样34 be famous for 以……着名35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好36 be from = come from 来自eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38 be glad+to+do/从句39 be going to + v(原）将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……41 be good for 对什么有好处eg : Reading aloud is good for your English42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48 be like 像……eg : I'm like my mother49 be mad at 生某人的气50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定53 be on a visit to 参观54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静56 be short for 表**的缩写eg: 陶is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying noles62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72 be the same as …和什么一样73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉74 be worth doing 值得做什么75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物be afraid that 丛句76 because+句子because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home78 between…and…两者之间79 borrow sth from sb 向……借……lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同81 bother 打扰bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend him money82 by the end of 到……为止83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang84 care 关心eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来85 catch up with sb 赶上某人86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈take sb to + 地点带某人去某地87 come in 进88 come over to 过来89 come up with 提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider + doing 考虑做什么eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？92 dance to 随着……跳舞eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93 decide to do sth 决定做某事94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查95 do better in 在……方面做得更好96 do wrong 做错97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98 Don't mind +doing /从句/名词不要介意……99 each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103 expect to do sth 期待做某事104 fall down 摔下来fall off 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名词）110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人111 forget to do 没有做而忘了forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to…从某某到某某eg: From me for her113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth120 get…from…从某处得到某物121 give a talk 做报告eg: He is give a tall122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物123 go fish 钓鱼go swimming 游泳124 go on to do 去做下一件事go on doing 继续做这件事125 go out away from go out of126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）127 good way to 好方法128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方have gone to …（地方）去了某地还没回来133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴134 have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做135 have to do sth 必须做某事136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137 have…time +doing138 have…(时间)…off 放……假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用处141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth 希望做某事143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145 if : 是否＝wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148 in some ways 在某些方面149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后150 in the north of…什么在什么的北方（north 北sowth 南west 西east 东）151 in the sun 在太阳下152 increase 增加eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now153 instead of +（名）代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人introduce oneself 自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160 It's +adj(for sb) to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对……来说是个好主意162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了164 join = take part in 参加165 just now 刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样？167 keep out 不让……进入168 keep sb adj 让……保持……eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康169 key to +名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key to…anser to …key 可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at…取笑……eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke172 learn by oneslfe 自学173 learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Lei Feng174 learn to do sth 学做某事175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事176 Let sb down 让某人失望eg ：We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from :离某地远178 live in +大地方/at +小地方居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan179 look after = take care of 照顾照看180 lose one's way 谁迷路eg : Lose your way 你迷路181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友eg : I want to make friends with you183 make it early 把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样eg : You must made your bed clean 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事eg : I made him write 我以前让他写189 make up be made up of (被动语态）由……组成190 make…difference to…191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么192 most +名most of +代193 much too +形容词194 must be 一定195 need +名词196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事197 need to do (实义动词）need do (情态动词）198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199 no +名词200 not anymore = no more 再也不……eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not…(形、副）at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all 202 not…at all 一点都不203 not…either 表否定，也不eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐204 not…until 直到……才……eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水207 on one's way to…在谁去那的路上208 on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210 on time 准时in time 及时211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天212 one of +可数名词的复数形式213 one to another 一个到另一个214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin215 part-time job 兼职工作fall-time job 全职工作216 pay for…付……钱pay the bill 开钱，付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pore into221 practice +doing 练习做某事222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢……eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意…eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案224 rather…than 宁可……也不……eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫225 regard…as 把……当作……eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229 say to oneself 对自己说230 say to sb 对某人说231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？239 shock 使……震惊eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others…一些……另一些……244 start…with…从……开始begin…with…从……开始245 stay away from 远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥，你最好远离甜食246 stop doing 停下正在做的事247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250 such +名这样，这种251 suit sb 适合某人252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253 take classes 上课254 take sb to 把某人带去eg : I take you to the hospital255 take walks = take a walk ＝go for a walk 散步256 ①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you ②talk with 和谁说eg : I talk with him③talk of 谈到eg : we talked of you ④talk about 谈论关于……257 talk with sb 和某人说话258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句tell sb not to do sth tell a story261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263 tell…from…264 thank you for +doing265 the same +名词(doing)+as……266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同267 the way to do sth ＝the way of doing st做某方面的方法the way to +地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English268 the way to…（地点）到哪的269 too…to…太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能…so…that +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to schoolHe is old enough to go to school ＝He is so old that he can go to school270 transalte ……into……把什么翻译成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了eg ：He tried to climb 他想爬上去，但没成功He tried climbing 他想爬上去，已经做过了274 try…试衣服have a try 试一下275 turn down 开小←→turn up 开大276 turn off 关上←→turn on 打开open 拆开277 upside down 倒着278 visit to…参观某个地方279 wait for sb 等某人。
2012届中考英语语法专题复习
初中英语语法English Grammar前言本资料为《初中英语语法》，为初中英语语法学习者准备，内容具体，简单易懂。
是本人这个暑假参考语法书籍进行整编，并于暑期社会实践初中英语家教作为教案材料。
现与广大好友分享！目录第一章构词法（word-formation）第二章名词（Nouns）第三章冠词（Articles）第四章代词（Pronouns）第五章数词（Numerals）第六章形容词（Adjectives）第七章副词（Adverbs）第八章介词（Prepositions）第九章动词（Verbs）第十章动词的时态（Tenses）第十一章动词的语态（Voices）第十二章限定动词与非限定动词（Finite and Non-finite Verbs）第十三章简单句（The simple sentences）第十四章It的用法（The use of “it”）第十五章并列句（The compound sentences）第十六章主从复合句（The complex sentences）第一章构词法（word-formation）一、构词法（word-formation）——分为转换、派生、合成1.转换：常用于动词和名词之间的转换1)不改变读音、重度音节，只转换单词词性e.g.2）有些双音节词，作名词时，第一个音节重度；作动词时，第二个音节重度e.g.名词动词’increase /’inkri:s/ 增加in’crease /in’kri:s/增加3）有些词可以用读音变化改变词性e.g. excuse /iks’kju:s/（名）歉意；道歉；借口excuse /iks’kju:z/（动）原谅4）有些形容词可以转化为动词e.g.He slowed down at the crossroad./ Please warm up the cold meat.2.派生1）前缀：加前缀一般不改变词类，而只是改变原词的词义①构成反义词的前缀dis- disagree disappear dislikeim- impolite impossibleun- unable uncertain unhappy②一些表示特定意思的前缀down往下downloadkilo千kilometreman人，由人man-mademis错误地mistake misunderstandre重新，再次rebuild retell③可以改变词性的前缀a-加在名词前构成形容词或副词asleep aboard asideen-加在名词或形容词前构成动词encourage enable enrich 2）后缀：加后缀一般改变词性①名词后缀-an African American -er dancer driverreporter-ing feeling reading -ion action decision-ment development government -ness happiness sadness-or actor visitor -tion inventionpronunciation-ure failure pleasure②形容词后缀-an American African -en golden wooden-ese Chinese Japanese -ful beautiful hopeful useful-ive active expensive -less careless endless useless-ly friendly -ous nervous dangerous-y dirty rainy③副词后缀-ly carefully happily clearly④数词后缀-teen thirteen -ty twenty -th fifth3.合成1)合成名词①词加名词basketball②形容词加名词blackboard③动词-ing形式+另一词dining-room2)合成形容词①形容词+动词-ing形式hard-working②形容词+过去分词kind-hearted③名词+过去分词man-made④名词+动词-ing形式man-eating peace-loving3)合成动词①词+动词water-ski②副词+动词overeat overcome③形容词/副词+动词white-wash4)合成副词、代词①合成副词upstairs beforehand②合成代词myself everything4.其他构词法1）缩短法telephone—phone2）前后各截部分refrigerator—fridge3）缩写法第二章名词（Nouns）一、名词的数：名词复数的构成规则1）规则复数变化多数在词尾加-s①以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es e.g. match—matches②以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，改y为i，再加-es e.g. story—stories③以f，fe结尾的名词，一般把f，fe改为v，再加-es e.g. leaf—leaves但也有只加-s e.g. roof—roofs④以o结尾的名词，多数加-es e.g. hero—heroes但也有只加-s e.g. piano—pianos注：以o 结尾的名词，我们可按下面一条规律来记住它们的复数形式：指人和农作物的加-es、其他的加-s．（或者是有生命的加-es，无生命的加-s）2）不规则变化①名词单复数同形 e.g. sheep, deer, fish②单词拼写中变化元音字母 e.g. man—men tooth—teeth③有些是用-en做词尾构成复数形式 e.g. child—children ox—oxen④表示某国人的单词，单复数形式分为三种：A.单复数相同 a Chinese—five ChineseB.词尾加-s an American—seven AmericansC．变-man为-men an Englishman—ten Englishmen3）复合名词的复数形式1.将复合名词中的主题名词变为复数形式 e.g. new-comer—new-comers2.没有主题名词的，则在词尾加-s e.g. grown-up—grown-ups3.以man或woman开头的复合词，名词都要变为复数形式 e.g. man-doctor—men-doctors4.其他合成的词，只把最后一个词变为复数eg.boy friend—boy friends5.由两部分组成的物体名词和其他一些名词常用复数形式 e.g. trousers,clothes,scissors6.专有名词一般为不可数名词，但是表示某姓一家或夫妇和同名同姓若干时，用复数e.g. The Browns have gone to the cinema.7.在做定语的合成词中，名词要用单数形式e.g. an eighty-three-year-old grandpa8.以-s结尾的专有名词有两种情况A．表示国家、报纸等名词看做单数 e.g. the United StatesB. 表示群岛、山脉、瀑布、奥运会等专有名词看做复数，谓语也用复数形式e.g. The Alps are in Europe.二、名词的种类：普通名词——个体名词，集体名词（可数）物质名词，抽象名词（不可数）专有名词1）普通名词是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名词①个体名词：表示单个的人或物e.g. tree树doctor医生cup杯子apple苹果②表示一群人或一些事物的总称e.g. crowd人群army军队class班级family家庭group小组，团队police警方team队public公众③物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质e.g. tea茶paper纸snow雪cloth布wood木头sugar糖meat肉sand沙ink墨水coffee咖啡④抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等方面的抽象概念e.g. happiness幸福work工作music音乐experience经历pride骄傲failure失败protection保护2）专有名词3）可数名词和不可数名词①可数名词：其所表示的事物可以用数来计算，前面可用不定冠词a，an和数词，有复数形式②不可数名词：其所表示的事物不可以用数来计算，前面不能用不定冠词a，an和数词，没有复数形式。
2012年中考英语语法复习
A. Them , me B. They, I C. They , me D. Them,I
3. Tom is a new student.A___ knew none of ____.
A. He, us
B.He , we C. Him , us D. His, we
4.
You can sit A. he and I
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
A. we , his
B. he , you C. they, yours
11. You must bring _B__notebook to the school.
A. you
B. your
C.yours
12. The red bag is __A_ .___ is white.
A. his , Mine B. him, My C. mine ,Him
Eg : This is my book = The book is mine
2021/6/20
7
That is your pen , mine is in my bag.
Ex.
1. She is a student . _A__ name is Lucy .
A. Her
B. Hers C. His D.He
3. 人称的排列 ： 二 ，三，一 (单数）
一，二，三 （复数）
eg : you , he and I ( 你， 他，我）
we , you and they (我们，你们，他们） Ex ：
1. Miss Zhang teaches ___Bmath.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
中考英语语法复习十四
中考英语语法复习（十四）初中英语复习专辑（14）----简单句的五种句型（1）十五、简单句的五种句型1.主语+不及物动词（主、谓结构）eg.Heisworking.2.主语+及物动词+宾语（主、谓、宾结构）eg.WestudyEnglisheveryday.3.主语+连系动词+表语（主、系、表结构）eg.Treesturngreen.常见的连系动词有：be;become;get;turn;feel;look(看起来)；smell(闻起来);sound(听起来)；taste(尝起来)；seem(似乎).特别注意：形容词常作表语4.主语+及物动词+间宾（人）+直宾（物）=主语+及物动词+直宾（物）+to/for+间宾（人）常用的此类动词有：give;pass;show;lend;buy.但buy与for连用eg.1)Igavehimabook.=Igaveabooktohim.2)Mymotherboughtmeapenyesterday.=Mymotherboughtapenforme.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补注意作宾补的词：1）名词（指宾语是谁/什么）；2）形容词；3）不定式；4）动词的ing 形式。
eg.1)WecallhimJim.2)Wemustkeepthewindowopen.3)Hetoldmetowashtheplates.4)Isawathiefgoingintoyourroom.特别注意：1)动词不定式作宾补A:ask/want/tellsbtodosth.其否定式为：ask/want/tellsbnottodosth2)省to不定式作宾补，即：(l,m,n;3h;2看;1f)sbdosthl-let,m-make,n-notice;3h-hear,have,help;2看-see,watch;1f-feel. eg.1)Thebossmadetheworkerswork12hourseveryday.2)Ioftenhearhimsing.2)区别省to不定式作宾补与动词ing形式作宾补.hear/seesbdo:听见/看见某人做了某事hear/seesbdoing:听见/看见某人在做某事Ⅱ、知识要点1.问职业：Whatbe+主语？=Whatdoes/do+主语+do?eg.Heisateacher.（提问）___________he_____?2.It'snicetalkingtoyou.与你谈话真高兴。
专题14.宾语从句考点聚焦和精讲中考英语语法复习(原卷版)
宾语从句考点聚焦和精讲【中考复合句考点聚焦】在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序。
1. 宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词有三种：that；whether/if；特殊疑问词what/which/who/whom/whose/when/where/why/how 等。
（1）that引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有陈述意义时，或是宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，用于陈述一件事，宾语从句用that引导，that无意义，不充当成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略，但在正式场合，特别是表示建议要求的从句，一般不省略。
1.The radio says it will rain tomorrow. 收音机报道说明天要下雨。
2.3.Do you think it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?He said he could e on time. 他说他会准时来的。
（2）特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：宾语从句具有特殊疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，应该用连接代词（what, which, who, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导。
这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。
1.Could you tell me gate we have to go to? 请问我们得走哪个门?2.Could you tell me he said to you? 你能告诉我他跟你说了些什么吗？3.He didn’t tell me he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
4.Could you tell me you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？1.Can you tell me we can do for you? 请问我们能为你做点什么？(what意思为“什么”)2.In one’s own home one can do one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。
2012年初中英语中考语法复习资料大全
一般现在时主要用于下面几情况：1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc。
) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。
例如：They raise ducks as a sideline 。
他们以养鸭为副业。
She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。
I cycle to work every day 。
我每天骑自行车上班。
It seldom rains here 。
这儿很少下雨。
2)仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。
这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。
例如：He can speak five foreign languages 。
他能说五种外语。
That is a beautiful city 。
那是座美丽的城市。
Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
She majors in music 。
她主修音乐。
All my family love football 。
我全家人都喜欢足球。
My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。
3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。
顾名思义，客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的；也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。
例如：The sun rises in the east 。
中考英语语法讲解资料及练 第14讲：宾语从句
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习第14讲：宾语从句一个句子如果加上宾语从句，句子显然变复杂了，也变的difficult了，其实，你大可不必发愁。
只要掌握好宾语从句的用法，一切问题就迎刃而解了。
宾语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出。
我们根据引导宾语从句的连词不同，可把宾语从句分为三类。
以that引导的宾语从句。
如：I hear that you have passed the examination. Good luck!以if 和whether引导的宾语从句。
如：I don't know if you can come tomorrow.以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。
如：Please tell me how you can get here.运用宾语从句要注意以下几点：宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。
主句的谓语动词的时态如果是过去时态，宾语从句谓语动词的时态要选用相应的过去某一种形式。
如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，事实时，即使主句是过去式，从句仍用一般现在时。
练习：1. She asked me if I knew _______.A. whose pen is itB. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it isD. whose pen was it2. I don't know _______ he still lives here after so many years.A. whetherB. whereC. whatD. when3. I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. _______ he comes, I'll tell you.A. if, whetherB. whether, whetherC. if, ThatD. if, If4. The small children don't know ________.A. what is their stockings inB. where is in their stockingsC. where is their stocking inD. what in their stockings5. Can you tell me ________?A. when does the ship leaveB. when the ship will leaveC. when the ship leaveD. when will the ship leave6. Can you tell me ______?A. when did he comeB. when he cameC. when did he cameD. he came when7. Can you tell me ______ the radio ?A. how did he mendB. what did he mendC. how he mendedD. what he mended8. He asked his father _________.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen9. I didn't know what colour_________.A. is the bagB.the bag isC. was the bagD. the bag was10. Could you tell me ______ with the money?A. how to doB. what should I doC. how should I doD. what I should do实践：1.We are _____ going to the factory and work there.A. brieflyB. latelyC. recentlyD. shortly2.For most students, their teacher's advice is more important than ______ of their parents.A. oneB. whatC. whichD. that3.They talked in a low voice ______ be heard by others.A. so not as toB. so as not toC. so as to notD. so as to4.Not until this evening ______ that the meeting had been put off.A. I did knowB. did I knowC. I knewD. I have known5.We are looking forward to seeing you again,and we'll be very disappointed if you ______.A. didn't comeB. haven't comeC. won't comeD.don't come6.If I _______ there earlier, I ________ him.A. had arrived ,would have metB. have arrived, would haveC. arrived, have metD. arrived, had met7.Lily is said ______ for London last month.A. to have leftB. to leaveC. to be leavingD. to be left8.Life on earth ______ impossible unless we stop destroying the forest and poisoning the oceans.A. wasB. has beenC. will have beenD. will be9.The twins will go fishing with us this weekend _______ they are free.A. thoughB. ifC. whetherD. but10. --______ we go at 8:00? --What about _______ it a little earlier?A. Shall, makingB. Shall, to makeC. Will, makingD. Will, make11.New York is bigger than ______ in the United States.A. any other cityB. any citiesC. any cityD. other cities12.Her mother ______ for more than three years.A. has diedB. had diedC. is deadD. has been dead13.All the guests _______ got to the classroom on time.A. invitedB. being invitedC. invitingD. to be invited14.At twelve that night we arrived in the village _______ we once lived.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. that15.He ran from house to house, ______ people the good news.A. toldB. tellingC. tellD. to tell在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
2012年中考英语语法复习提纲：直接引语和间接引语
thisthesenowagotodaythis week(month,etc.) next week ( month,etc.) yesterdaytomorrowhere thatthosethenbeforethat daythat week ( month,etc.) the next week ( month,etc.) the day beforethe next (following) day there直接引语和间接引语(初中不作特别要求)1、直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。
在书写时,直接引语用引号。
用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。
2、直接引语改变为间接引语：1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。
②人称作相应变化；③主句里的动词如果是过去时,间接引语中的时态一般应作相应改变：一般现在时变一般过去时；一般将来时变过去将来时；现在进行时变过去进行时；现在完成时变成过去完成时；一般过去时变成过去完成时；但一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用,则时态不变。
如：He says,"I am not from the USA.”→He says that he is not from the USA.Mr Smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven’ t seen you for a long time.”→Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从属连接词whether或if引导,词序要改变。
如：Lin Tao said to Miss Green, "Is it made inChina?” →Lin Tao asked Miss Green if it was made in China.3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用疑问词引导,词序是：连词+主语+谓语。
2012年中考英语语法笔记大全练习讲解
(2)有些不可数名词用复数代指具体的事物
eg. hope ---hopes希望hardship --- hardships艰苦
(3)物质名词在表示数量时,常用某个量词+of来表示
eg. a cup of tea, seven pieces of bread, several bags of rice, …
A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans
C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen
解析: Frenchman是复合词,其复数形式为Frenchmen; German的复数为直接在单词末尾+S,应选A.
13.The team ________ having a meeting .
5. Help yourself to __________.
A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple
C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples
解析: chicken可用作可数名词指小鸡,用作不可数名词指鸡肉,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple为可数名词,故应+s,因此选D。
A. is B. are C. am D. be
解析: team是一个集合名词,即可表示复数意义(指整个小组) ,也可指小组中的成员(表示复数),此题意为后者,因此选B。
14. “Would you like _________?” “________, please.”
A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of drink, Coffees
中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第十四讲：宾语从句
中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第十四讲：宾语从句一. 教材分析宾语从句是中考英语语法中的重要内容，本节课我们将学习宾语从句的定义、类型、连接词以及语序等知识点。
通过本节课的学习，学生能够掌握宾语从句的基本用法，并在实际语境中运用。
二. 学情分析根据对学生的了解，大部分学生在之前的学习中已经接触过宾语从句，但对宾语从句的连接词和语序等细节部分掌握不扎实。
因此，在教学过程中，需要重点讲解和练习这些知识点。
同时，学生对宾语从句在实际语境中的应用还需加强。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够理解宾语从句的定义和类型，掌握宾语从句的连接词和语序，了解宾语从句在实际语境中的应用。
2.能力目标：学生能够熟练运用宾语从句进行口语表达和写作。
3.情感目标：激发学生学习英语语法的兴趣，培养学生的自主学习能力和团队协作精神。
四. 说教学重难点1.教学重点：宾语从句的连接词和语序。
2.教学难点：宾语从句在实际语境中的应用。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.教学方法：采用情境教学法、任务型教学法和合作学习法。
2.教学手段：利用多媒体课件、图片、例句等辅助教学。
六. 说教学过程1.导入：通过一个简单的宾语从句例子，引导学生回顾已知的宾语从句知识，为新课的学习做好铺垫。
2.讲解：讲解宾语从句的定义、类型、连接词和语序。
通过举例说明，让学生清晰地了解宾语从句的构成和用法。
3.练习：设计不同类型的练习题，让学生巩固所学知识。
练习题包括选择题、填空题和改错题等。
4.应用：创设实际语境，让学生运用宾语从句进行口语表达和写作。
可以采用角色扮演、小组讨论等形式。
5.总结：对本节课的主要内容进行总结，强调宾语从句的连接词和语序等重要知识点。
6.作业：布置相关的课后练习，让学生进一步巩固所学知识。
七. 说板书设计板书设计要简洁明了，突出宾语从句的关键点。
可以设计如下板书：•定义：……•类型：……•连接词：……•语序：……八. 说教学评价通过课堂表现、练习题和课后作业等多方面对学生的学习情况进行评价。
2012届中考英语考点备考复习课件14
• ◎即学即用4：
• ( •
•
C
B
)(1)My uncle ________ me ________a every year.
A. send; to B. sends；
birthday present
•
• (
C. sent; with
D. send; for
)(2)Please ________ a doctor at once, he
I might even keep a pet parrot. 我甚至可能养一只宠物鹦鹉。 Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice down in public places.
•
即使你与朋友 们在一起，最好在公共场
•◎归纳拓展
•get 动词，相当于：achieve, tareceive，意为“得到，变得，收
到，有，到达，拿来，买到，理解等”。
•常用短语：get up 起床，get(to)到达，get home 到家， get ready for... 为……做准备， get on(off) 上车(下车)，get away 离开，get back 回来，get along(on) with sb. 与某人相处，
she ________ to
重点句型
• 1. There will be robots in people’s home. • • ◎典例体验 People will have robots in their homes.
•
人们将来在家里会有机器人。
•◎归纳拓展 •一般将来时：will＋动词原形，表示“将 要做什么”。表有计划性进行的时候可用 be going to 代替will。 •否定式：will not(won’t) do •一般疑问式：Will sb/sth. do •there will be...＝there is going to be... 是
(21份打包)2012年中考英语语法考点知识汇编-14
2012年中考英语考点18形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级3) 有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。
原级比较级最高级good/well 好的better bestbad/ill 坏的worse worstmany/much 多的more mostlittle 少的less leastfar 远的further furthestfarther farthestold 老的older oldestelder eldest2. 形容词比较级的用法1）形容词的比较级可以单独使用：Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。
It was quieter outside. 外面安静点了。
It couldn’t be easier. 不能再容易了。
This car is more expensive. 这辆车比较贵。
Who is taller? 谁高一点？Which book is better? 哪本书更好？1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成1）单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成2) 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或most。
如：原级比较级最高级useful more useful most usefuldifficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious 2）也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟：a. 名词或代词（若为人称代词，在口语中多用宾格）：He is older than me. 他年龄比我大。
Tokyo is bigger than New York. 东京比纽约大。
b. 动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。
This is more interesting than sitting in an office. 这比坐办公室更有意思。
2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习12
（一）知识概要完形填空是一种在语意封闭的情况下考察学生阅读能力及掌握语言基础知识能力的综合性题目。
学生应根据语义完整、语法正确的原则进行通篇阅读。
借助文章的现成文字，通过逻辑思维，联系上下文，推断出可能的答案。
然后再从所给选择答案中逐空选出在通读全文时脑海中已出现的答案填入空内。
试推想在小学五六年级时去读"西游记"，"水浒传"，你也并非每个字都认得，每句话都能真正理解。
但你还是可以明了全文的意思，读得有滋有味。
这就是语言能力。
所以完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不认得字、词语的情况下，能否全面理解文章的正确意思，然后选入适当的词语。
在选择后还要前后彼此呼应反复验证所选答案。
有时答案一时不易验证，不要急于顺序填写，可能在填出后面答案时，而得到前面的答案。
有时则需运用所学的词法、句法、时态和固定搭配等知识对4个选项进行分析，比较、排除干扰项，确定正确的答案。
待答案全部选定后，一定要复读全文以验证：①所选答案是否能使全文流畅，逻辑推理是否正确。
②具体实事是否成立，前后关系是否理顺。
③语法是否正确，其中包括时态的选择、词汇选择、固定搭配等。
在通读全文时最好在可能的条件下将所选答案填入文章中，反复阅读。
而不要在文章空中只写选项的代号，这样影响全文的理解，不易找出错误之处。
在做完形填空时，应注意以下几点：（１）重视首句，首段的开篇启示作用，读懂了第一句，或第一段有可能预测到全篇大意。
（２）一定要顾及上下文间的语意联系。
在完形填空的设计中，一般是以语义为第一要素同时兼顾语法。
有的4个选项单独填入这个单句中全是正确的，但拿到文中从下文联系起来看，则文理不通。
为此要通篇考虑，顾及上下文的联系是十分重要的。
（３）要坚持语意第一的原则，而语法应放于第二位。
完形填空形式上是一种单项选择式的考察。
但实质上也是一种阅读能力和学生重建文意能力的考察。
它一般是利用语法的正确性与内容排斥性的矛盾而命题的。
2012年初中毕业学业考试常考话题及语法.doc
一、《2012年初中毕业学业考试标准》重点话题功能项目表（对话理解，反应，笔录要点及完成对话等题型的常考话题）1. 打电话（Making telephone calls）：人物（who）; 邀请去某地（where）; 去干什么（what）2. 就医（Seeing the doctor）：take one’s temperature; have a cold /fever; have a headache /toothache /stomachache;how long; suggestions (drink some water ; have a rest; stay at home; exercise etc .)3. 购物（shopping）:who; when; where; what（gift/ clothing）注：涉及物品的颜色（what color）; 尺寸大小（what size）和价格（price/ how much）4. 就餐（Having meals）:what; who; when; what time ;where常涉及的句型:What would you like ……？Would you like ……？5. 借东西（Borrow things）：what (学习用品：dictionary; ruler; book)；how long (句型：How long have I kept it/them？)6. 问路（Asking ways）where; how far; how(询问交通方式)7. 节假日活动及计划（Festivals, holidays, celebrations and plans ）：what；weather；when；where；how(询问交通方式)（说明：活动多为郊游，爬山、野炊、溜冰、游泳等）8. 个人情况（Personal information）：籍贯；职业；单位；年龄；外貌；兴趣；爱好9. 兴趣与爱好（Interests and hobbies）：运动（sports）; 娱乐（entertainment）; favorite fruit/ food/ lesson /subject/person （teacher; star）and favorite animal; 原因（why）10. 比较（Comparison）：身高（height）；年龄（age）；形状(shape)；价格（price）（建议：引导学生积累、归类话题表达语）二、《2012年初中毕业学业考试标准》语法项目表（带*符号的只要求理解）（建议：突出基础、重点语法的复习）1. 名词（1）可数名词及其单复数（2）不可数名词（3）专有名词（4）名词所有格2. 代词（1）人称代词:主格和宾格（2）物主代词:形容词性和名词性形式（3）反身代词: myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves (建议巧记顺口溜：一、二物主三宾格，反身代词要记牢)（4）不定代词: 常见的不定代词some(thing/body/one), any(thing/body/one), no(thing/ body/), none (常考修饰语须后置)（5）指示代词: this, that, these, those （6）疑问代词3. 数词（1）基数词：one—hundred要求掌握其拼写形式（2）序数词: first--twentieth要求掌握其拼写形式（3）分数、百分数（表达及其作句子主语时谓语的形式）（4）hundred，thousand、million…（与of 连用；具体数词或概数词与其连用时的形式）4. 介词和介词短语5. 连词（but, and, or…）6. 冠词(a, an, the)7. 形容词、副词：（1）作定语、表语、宾语补足语的基本用法（2）比较等级的基本用法：构成及其基本句型：原级句型有as…as, not as /so as…；比较级句型有：比较级形式+than…；the +比较级形式…+ the +比较级形式; the +比较级形式…of the two…;最高级句型有：the+最高级形式+…in/of…8. 动词（1）动词的基本形式（2）系动词: be, look, turn, get, become （3）及物动词和不及物动词（4）助动词（5）情态动词（关注表猜测含义区别使用）9. 时态(句子的谓语结构和常用标志词，贵在理解时态使用概念)（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）现在完成时（6）过去进行时（7）过去将来时*（8）过去完成时*（9）过去完成进行时*10. 被动语态一般现在时；一般过去时；含情态动词的被动语态11. 非谓语动词动词不定式（作宾语，作宾语补足语，作状语，用在疑问代词之后）12. 构词法（1）合成法（2）派生法（3）转化法13. 句子种类（1）陈述句（2）疑问句（重点考查反意疑问句, 关注含有“形肯义否类”副词的陈述部分的反意疑问）（3）祈使句（4）感叹句（）14. 句子成分（1）主语（2）谓语（3）表语（4）宾语（5）定语（6）状语15. 简单句的五种基本句型16. 并列复合句17. 主从复合句（1）宾语从句（重点考查时态、语序和引导词）（2）状语从句(常考连接词when, before, after, whether, if, where和主从复合句的时态，尤其是时间和条件状语句中“主将从现”)（3）定语从句（能区别使用关系代词（that, which, who）与关系副词（when, where，why）能在阅读中理解定语从句的句义）三、语法专项复习时间安排建议：名词与冠词（1课时）介词、连词与助动词（1课时）数词与代词（1课时）系动词（1课时）情态动词（1课时）非谓语动词（1课时）、动词时态（4-5课时）、动词语态（1课时）、形容词与副词（2-3课时）、主谓一致（1课时）、句子成分（2-3课时）简单句的五种基本句型（3--4课时）感叹句与倒装句（1课时）、反意疑问句（1课时）、交际用语（1课时）、宾语从句（2--3课时）、定语从句（1课时）状语从句（1课时）。
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1. 基本结构
There be +主语+ 地点/时间状语。
如：
There is a computer in the room. 房间里有一台电脑。
There are two TV plays every evening. 每晚有两场电视剧。
2. 主谓一致
要采取就近一致原则，和* 近be的主语一致。
如：
There is a pen, two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只钢笔，两把尺子。
There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 门口有两个男孩，一个老师。
3. 主语后的动词形式
在there be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词；是被动关系时用过去分词。
如：
There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一个钱包。
There are five minutes left now. 现在还有5分钟。
4. 反意疑问句。
反意疑问句应与there be对应，而不是依据主语。
如：
There is a radio on the table, isn't there? 桌子上有一台收音机，是吧？
There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren't there? 你们班有50多名学生，是吧？
5. there be 与have的替换
there be表示所属时可与have替换。
There is nothing but a book in my bag. =I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本书。
6. there be后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。
如：
There is a lot of work to do. 有许多工作要做。
注意：当该句型主语是something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。
There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。
There is nothing to be done. 没有办法(束手无策)。
7. 与其它词连用，构成复合谓语。
如：
There may be a rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。
There used to be a cinema here before the war. 战争之前，这儿有一家电影院。
8. 变体
there be结构中的be有时可用live, stand, remain等代替。
如：
Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.
从前有位国王喜欢新服胜过别的任何东西。
9. 习惯用语
There is no good /use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有好处/用处；There is not a mom ent to lose. 一刻也不能耽误。
例如：
There is no good making friends with him. 和他交朋友没有什么好处。
He is very ill. Send him to hospital. There's not a moment to lose. 他病得厉害，把他送到医院去，一刻也不能耽误。