油库职业病危害因素识别与关键控制点分析修改稿

油库职业病危害因素识别与关键控制点分析修改稿 The following text is amended on 12 November 2020.

某油库职业病危害因素识别与关键控制点分析

黄旋燕

江门市职业病防治所监测与评价科，广东江门 529000

摘要：目的了解油库职业病危害现状，提出相应防控措施建议。方法采用现场职业卫生调查和工作场所职业病危害因素检测相结合的方法进行评价。结果该项目存在的主要职业病危害因素有化学毒物、噪声、高温等，各种职业病危害因素的检测结果分别为：噪声强度为～(A), 司泵工8h等效连续A声级均超过职业接触限值，超标率%；WBGT指数为～，超标点位码头区和油罐区；苯、甲苯、二甲苯、丁二烯接触浓度均未超出职业接触限值，发油工岗位溶剂汽油短时间接触浓度超出职业接触限值。结论油库的主要职业病危害因素是化学毒物，应从职业病危害发生的关键部位加强防治工作。关键词：油库；职业病危害；关键控制点

Identification of occupations hazards and analysis of key

control points at oil depot

HUANG Xuan-yan

Jiangmen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational

Diseases,Jiangmen,529000

Abstract ： Objective The purpose was to understand the current situation of occupational hazards at oil depot and to suggest the corresponding preventive and control measures. Methods The investigation on occupational health work condition and occupational hazards existed at the workplaces were carried out. Results In oil

depot, the main occupational hazards existed in the oil depot were chemicals, noise, high temperature. The results of analogy projects showed that the noise intensities were ～(A),eight hours of

equivalent continuous A levels were over the occupational exposure limits, the non-compliance rate of noise level was %.; The integrated temperature of productive heat sources in the workplaces (WBGT index ) were ～,the unqualified areas were marina and tank area. The concentration of benzene, toluene, xylene and butadiene were all

below the occupational exposure limits，the short term exposure limit concentrations of gasoline were over the occupational exposure limits. Conclusion The most important ones are chemical poisons. Some measures should be strengthened in the key control points where occupational hazards exist.

Key words ： Oil depots ; Occupational hazards ; Key control points 随着我国经济的迅速发展，人民的生活水平大幅提高，汽车的

使用量呈稳定上升趋势，成品油库数量及其库容也不断增加。经职

业病危害因素识别与分析，油库存在的主要职业病危害因素为汽

油、柴油、苯和噪声[1]。结合本单位完成的某油库项目的职业病危

害因素检测与评价，包括溶剂汽油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、噪声的检

测结果，对油库的职业病危害因素进行识别和分析，找出该企业职

业病关键控制点，为职业病防控提供依据。

1对象和方法

1.1对象

选取江门某新建油库作为研究对象

1.2方法

1.2.1现场职业卫生调查

深入该油库现场，调查其生产工艺、设备布局、原辅材料、职

业病防护设施和个人防护用品等。

1.2.2工作场所职业病危害因素检测

依据《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》( GBZ/T159 -2004)进行空气采样，《工作场所空气中有毒物质测定》(GBZ/T 160-2004)、《工作场所物理因素测量》(GBZ/T 189-2007) 进行粉尘、化学毒物和噪声等的测定[2-5]。 2 结果

2.1 生产工艺流程

油库主要经营90号汽油、93号汽油、97号汽油、0号普通柴油和0号车用柴油。油品由专用码头卸船，通过管线卸入油罐，公路运输方式出库。其简要工艺流程如下：

2.2 职业病危害因素识别

根据建设项目生产工艺流程、生产设备及对油库现场调查等综合分析，该建设项目可能存在的职业病危害因素有化学毒物、噪声、高温等，主要生产单元职业病危害因素识别见表1。

表1 主要生产单元职业病危害因素

岗位 化学毒物

物理因素 油库卸油工 溶剂汽油、柴油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、丁二烯 高温 油库发油工 溶剂汽油、柴油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、丁二烯

高温 司泵工

——

噪声、高温

2.3 职业病危害程度分析 噪声分析

油品进库流程：油船 油罐

油品出库流程：油罐 装车油泵 汽车油罐车 倒罐流程：油罐 输油泵 油罐