英语国家概况课后题总结和答案

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英语国家概况课后习题(附答案)

物流 11401 帅旭东英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）Chapter 1Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.— T —2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.— F— 3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.— F— 4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the secondlargest part of Britain.— F— 5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls bello w-10℃ in January.— T —6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendantsof the Anglo--Saxons.— T —7.The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.— F— 8.English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are—A—A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ShcotlandC.Great Britain and EnglandD.Great Britain and England2.—B—is the capital city of Scotland.A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.LondonD.Cardiff3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom,— D—is the smallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland4.English belongs to the — C—group of the Indo- European family oflanguages.A.CelticB.NormanC.GermanticD.Roman5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of -—D—words to English.A.Danish and FinnishB.Dutch and GermanC.French and Italiantin and Greek6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the—A—influence.A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish7.Samuel Johnson‘s dictionary was influential in establishing astandard form of—C— .8.At present,nearly —C—of the world‘s populations communicate inEnglish.A.halfB.a quarterC.one thirdD.one fifthⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland?2.How many periods can the development of the English language bedivided intoand what are they?3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.Who are the British people?2.What is Standard English?Chapter 2Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).— T —1.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.th— T —2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5 century.— F— 3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.— T —4.The Viking began to attack the English coast in the th8century.— T —5.Henry Ⅱ built up a large empire which included England and most of france.— F— 6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and townspeople.— F— 7.The Hundred Years‘War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.— T —8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth Ⅰactually defended the fruit the Reformation.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The —D—attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC.CelticD.Germanic2.By the late 7th century, —D—became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo Saxons ChristianityC.Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3.The—C—marked the establishment of feudualism in England.A.Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.adoption of common law4.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule —ofC—A.the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster5.The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Ⅷ ‘s effortto—A—.A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantD.declare his supreme power over the church6.The English Civil War broke out in1642 between—B—A.the Protestant and the PuritansB.the Royalist and the ParliamentarianC.the nobles and the peasantsD.the aristocrats and the Christians7.—A—was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.The Bill of RightsB.The Act of SupremacyC.The Provisions of OxfordD.The Magna Carta8.The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middleof the —C—century.A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20thⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What were Queen Victoria‘s major achievements?2.What were the two camps in the World WarⅠ?3.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the Uinited States after World War Ⅱ?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?2.Explain the rise and fall of the British Empire.Chapter 3Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).— T —1.Conventionsare regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.— F— 2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.— F— 3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.— F— 4.The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.— F— 5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.— T —6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.— F— 7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.— T —8.The legal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The British government is characterized by a division of powersbetween three of the following branchs EXCEPT the—C—.A.judiciaryB.legislatureC.monarchyD.executive2.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on—D—.A.passing billsB.advising the gowernmentsC.political partiesD.public attitude3.As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected —toB— the Houseof Commons.A.rivalplementC.criticizeD.inspect4.— A— is at the center of the British political system.A.The CabinetB.The House of LordsC.The House of CommonsD.The Privy Council5.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to— B—.A.make decisionsB.give adviceC.pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet6.Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on —a B— system.A.single partyB.two partyC.three partyD.multi party7.The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized bypragmatism and—D—.ernment interventionB.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reformD.a belief in individualiam8.In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every—C— years.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.sixⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?2.What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?3.Why are independent candidates unlikely towin in the general elections? Ⅳ .State your understanding of the following questions.1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during theprocess of a general election?2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Chapter 4Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— T —1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.— T —2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.— F— 3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent.— F— 4.Thatcher‘s revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the British economic and social problems.— T —5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.— T —6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.— F— 7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.— T —8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The — A— in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisisB.high inflation ratesrge importsD.unemployment problem2.Of the following practices, —C—did not belong to Thatcher‘s social welfare reform.A.reducing child benefitsB.shortening the period of unemploymentbenefits C.reducing unemploymentD.lowering old age pension3.The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT —D—.A.limiting government spendingB.keeping inflation under controlC.reducing unemploymentD.reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted about—C— of its land area to agriculture.A.50%B.60%C.70%D.80%5.Britain ‘s important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT— D— .A.the North SeaB.the English ChannelC.the area around the Irish coastD.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6.Coal mining industry in Britain provides —B— of the energy consumedin the country.A.one thirdB.one fourthC.one fifthD.two thirds7. The car industry in Britain is mostly— A—.A.foreign ownedB.state ownedC.joint ownedD.privately owned8.Of the following sectors in Britain, —C—has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of the World WarⅡ.A.agricultureB.the energy industryC.the service sectorD.the manufacturing industryⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher‘s reform in the early 1980s.2.What are the charactoristics of Britain‘sagriculture?3.What happened to Britain‘s beef industry in the mid 1990s?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the major causesof Britain ‘s relative economic decline in thepostwar period?2.Why do developed nations like Britian encourage the development of the service industry?Chapter 5Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.— F— cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of6 and 15.— F— 3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independent system.— T —4.When children finish their schoolingat 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examination.— T —5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.— F— 6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.— F— 7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world.— T —8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs andtraditions.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.In Britain,the division between grammer schoolsand vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in —theD —.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s2. Over—C—of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.Partially funded 8%3.Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive the remaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT —B—.A.tuition feesB.loansC.donationsD.corporate contributions4.To be admitted to the Open University, one needs—B—.A.some educational qualificatonsB.no educational qualificationsC.the General Certificate of Education Advanced level.D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education5. Among Britain ‘s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded asthe ―Big Three‖EXCEPT —C— .A.The TimesB.The GuardianC.The ObserverD.The Daily Telegraph6.Life On Earth is a kind of —C—program produced by the BBC is popularworldwide.A.radioB.dramaC.documentaryD.soap opera7. —D—is Britain‘s top pay television provider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB8.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British EXCEPT —A— .A.Trooping the ColorB.the Queen‘s Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.the Christmas pantomimeⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schoolsand vocational schools in Britain.2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What are the general features of Britain‘s independent schools?2.What are the ―Quality Press‖and the ―tabloids‖in Britain?Chapter 6Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period.— T —2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.— T —3.As a great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homer‘sIliad.— F— 4.Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.— F— 5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.— F— 6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such as―Ode to the West Winds‖.— F— 7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.— T —8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War Ⅱ.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance—isB—.A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet2.—C—is viewed as Romantic poetry‘s―Declaration of independence‖.A. ―I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud‖B.Don JuanC.The preface to Lyrical BalladsD.Prometheus Unbound3.Of Dicken‘s novels,— B—is considered most autobiographical.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.Davied CopperfiedC.Oliver TwistD.Great Expectations 4.th—D—is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19century.A.Robert Louis SetevensonB.John MiltonC.Joseph ConardD.Thomas Hardy5.Of the following books,—C—is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A.Jude the ObscureB.Tess of the d‘UrbervillesC.Adam BedeD.The Return of the Native6.—A—is not included in the modernist group.A.Oscar WildeB.Virginia WoolfC.William Bulter YeatsD.T.S.Eliot7.Of the following writers, —B— is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Samuel BeckettB.James JoyceC.William GoldingD.V.S.Naipual8.Waiting for Godot is written by—A— .A.Samuel BeckettB.Geroge OrwellC. William GoldingwranceⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three catergries of Shakespeare‘s plays and their representatives?2.What is Critical Realism?th3.What are the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19 century?4.What is the stream of consciousness?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is Romanticism?th2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the 20 century?Chapter 7Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.— F— 2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.— F— 3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.— T —4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to the British Commonwealth of Nations.— F— 5.Ireland ‘s economy wasn‘t affected by World War Ⅱ because it remained neutral during the war.— F— 6.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern counties.— F— 7.English is the only official language in Ireland becausethe majority of people speak it as their mother tongue.— T —8.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith, but of public identity.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.th1. --B-- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6century BC.A. Hunter-gatherers from BritainB. Celtic tribesC. British invadersD. The Vikings2.Divergent views about --C--resulted in the Irish Civil War.A.the Act of UnionB.the Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceC.the Anglo-Irish TreatyD.the Anglo-Irish Agreement3.--C---was the first Irish President to visit Queen ElizabethⅡ .A. Eamon de ValeraB. John A. CostelloC. Mary RobinsonD. Albert Reynolds4.---D--brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.A. The British recognition of the Irish RepublicB.The signing of the Downing Street Declaration C.The signing of the Belfast AgreementD. The IRA ‘s formal declaration of the disarmament in 20055.In Ireland, the head of state is--B---A. the Prime MinisterB. the PresidentC. the British monarchD. the General Governor6.---C---has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supportspeaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.A. Fine GaelB.The Labor PartyC. Fianna FailD. The Progressive Democrats7.Emigration in Ireland started since the --A--A. medieval periodB. 17th centuryC. Great Potato FamineD. early 18th century8. Ireland now has a --B-- economy.A. agriculture-basedB. knowledge-basedC. industry-basedD. foreign investment-basedⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why was Cork given the nickname―the Rebel County‖?2.Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?3.Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War Ⅱ？Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is the significance of the following documents: the Act of Union, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement?2. What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?Chapter 8Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country‘s continental territory.— T —2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.— T —3.A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.— T —4.New York is composed of five boroughs, including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens.— F— 5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywood is located here.— T —6.During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.— T —7.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.— T —8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The U.S. lies in --B--North America, with Canada to the north, Mexicoto the south, the Atlantic to its ----and the Pacific to its -----.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, west, east2.The continental United States has--C---states.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353.The state of --A--- is the largest in area of all the U.S. states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4.The longest river in the U.S. is ---B---A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Lake Itasca5.Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MITare located in--C--.A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to --D--A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD. California7.The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into theUnited States, particularly from--A----.A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8.The characteristics of the dominant American culture are--D-A.English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic andmiddle-classB.English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC.English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-classD.English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-classⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.How is the American population distributed?2.Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.Why is the United States regarded as ―amelting pot‖and a ―salad bowl‖?2.What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in amulticultural society?Chapter 9Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— T —1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.— F— 2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Phiadelphia,and the Continental Army and Navy was established under the command ofThomas Jerfferson.— T —3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.— F— 4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.— T —5.In1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.— F— 6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on Septemble11,2001.— T —7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the ―axis of the evil‖.— F— 8.On March 20,2003,American and United Nations‘troops, supposed by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at—C—in—— .A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston, MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,Gergia2. The Seven Years‘War occurred between—C—.A.the French and the American IndiansB.the French and the SpanishC.the French and the BritishD. the British and the American Indians3. ―No taxation without representation‖was the rallying slogan of—D—.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.thecolonists in New England D.the people of the 13 colonies4.In May 1775, — B—was held in Phiadelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a provisional government.A.the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC.the Boston Tea PartyD.the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued the—C—to grant freedom to all slaves.A.Declaration of IndependenceB.ConstitutionC.Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights6.The policy of the United States was —A—at the beginning of the twoWorld Wars.A.nuetralityB.full involvementC.partial involvementD.appeasement7. President — C— introduced the NⅡew Deal to deal with the problemsof the Great Depression.A.WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy8.The Vietanam War was a long time suffering for Americans,and itscontinued throughout the terms of president—D—.A.Johnson,Nixon and FordB.Truman,Eisenhower and KennedyC.Kennedy,Johnson and NixonD.Eisenhower,kennedy and Johnson Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why did American change its policy and enter World WarⅡ ?2.What were Nixon‘s well known contributions during his presidency?3.What were the measure of Reagans ‘economic program?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What was the course of the American Civil War?2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War Ⅱ?Chapter 10Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.— T —2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.— F— 3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.— T —4.The judicial branch of the US federal government consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.— F— 5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.— T —6.The American presidential campaignsadhere to the ―winner-takes-all‖practice.— F— 7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality.— T —8.The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The US.Constitution came into effect in–B--A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D.17932.The Constitution of the United States --C--A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power tothe presidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD.gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Right –B--A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB.guarantees citizens of the US specific individual rights and freedomC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has norelationship with the Constitution.4.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __D_ and ___ yearsreapectively.A. 2;4B.2;3C. 2;6D.6;25.All the following can make legislative proposals EXCEPT –C--A. the senatorB.the RepresentativeC. the secretary of stateD. the president6.The following are all powers of the President EXCEPT CA. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD.issuing executive orders7.The Supreme Court is composed of __D_ justicesA.6B.7C. 8D.98. The president is directly voted into office by _C__A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and therepresentativesⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.what are the two characteristics of the us constitution?2.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?3.what are the major powers of the Supreme Court?4.what are the differences between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of political ideology.Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?2.what was President Eisenhower‘s foreign policy and what were the consequences?Chapter 11Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).— T —1.America is the world‘s largest industrial nation.— T —2.In the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importance of?intellectual property‘could be identified.— F— 3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations in the South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.— F— 4. President Roosevelt‘s New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s— F— 5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business.— T —6. American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.— T —7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.— F— 8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the world economy.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.America produces a major portion of the world‘s products in the following fields EXCEPT __C_A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2.The modern American economy progressedfrom___ to____, and then to __C__A. a colonial economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyB.a farming economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyC. a colonial economy, a farming economy, an industrial economyD.a handcraft economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy。

英语国家概况课后答案-作者：谢福之

英语国家概况（福之主编）课后答案一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of overmillion.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. NorthernIreland5.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard formof .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD.pronunciation10.At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. onefifth11.The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12.By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14.The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effortto .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme powerover the church17.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists andParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of thecentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between threeof the following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House ofCommons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet26.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six27. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD.multi-party29.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand .A. government interventionB. nationalization ofenterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved publictransportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economicdevelopment31.The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32.In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833.The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem34.Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemploymentbenefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspectsexcept .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation undercontrolC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36.Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britainand Ireland38.Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in thecountry.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339.The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD.privately-owned40.Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growthsince the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD.manufacturing industry41.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools wereended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD.1960s42.About of British children receive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receivetheir remaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD.corporate contributions44.Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’suniversities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45.To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educationalqualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National VocationalQualifications46.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the“Big Three” with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The DailyTelegraph47.Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popularamong 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soapopera48. is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49.Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families travelingoverseas50.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD.pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19thcentury.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55.Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms ofNeo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57.Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58.Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59.Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S.Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H.Lawrence61.The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562.The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD.Florida63.The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico tothe south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64.The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66. is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and LakeOntario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD.Blacks68.The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD.Asians69.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the UnitedStates, particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. SouthAmerica70.The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71.The first successful English colony in North America was founded atin .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecutionin England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD.Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76.In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functionsof a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second ContinentalCongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77.Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights78.The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two worldwars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD.appeasement79.President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD.Kennedy80.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights andfreedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes85.All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86.The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88.The terms for a Senator and Representative are and yearsrespectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six,two89.The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90.The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 yearsoldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators andrepresentatives91.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fieldsexcept .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urgeof .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD.refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing variousprograms like the following except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. onefifth98.The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural importsand exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. AmericanMotors100.At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101.Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD.private102.Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and businesseducationC. science and social studiesD. music and physicaleducation103.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University104.Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107.Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute ofTechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University108. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109.Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public BroadcastingService (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American BroadcastingSystem (ABS)110.The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th 111.Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & JonathanEdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & WashingtonIrving112. is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113.Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114.Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller115.Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116.Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville 117.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature118.Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119.Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. EugeneO’Neil120. is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD.James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(F)4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.(F)5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(T)7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(F)8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.(T)9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T)10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F)Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.(F)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F)3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(F)2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.(T)3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder.(T)4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.(T)5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.(F)6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.(F)7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".(F)8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(F)9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.(T)10.V.S.Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.(T)Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.(F)2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.(F)3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.(F)4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.(T)5.To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war.(F)6.With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties.(F)7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.(F)8.In Ireland, both the House of Representatives and the Senate have the power of making laws.(F)。

(完整版)英语国家概况_谢福之_课后答案

英语国家概况（谢福之主编）课后答案一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2.is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words toEnglish.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation10.At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11.The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12.By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14.The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church17.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18.was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowing branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet26.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six27.has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31.The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32.In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833.The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem34.Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36.Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38.Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339.The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned40.Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since theend of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry41.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by theintroduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s42.About of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remainingfunds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions44.Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45.To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National V ocational Qualifications46.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three”with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47.Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera48.is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49.Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas50.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52.is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations54.is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55.Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56.is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57.Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58.Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59.Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S. Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H. Lawrence61.The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562.The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63.The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64.The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66.is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68.The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians69.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States,particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America70.The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution inEngland.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76.In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of anational government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77.Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights78.The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79.President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy80.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout theterms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes85.All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86.The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88.The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two89.The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90.The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fieldsexcept .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like thefollowing except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98.The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99.is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors 100.At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101.Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private102.Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education103.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University104.Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S.institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107.Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University108.is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109.Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS) 110.The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th111.Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving 112.is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113.Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114.Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller115.Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116.Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville 117.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, t he loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature118.Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119.Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neil 120.is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.()9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.()5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.( )6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.( )7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.( )8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople. )9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory. )10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government. )2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.( )3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.( )6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected. )7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.( )8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in termsof law, organization and practice.(Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.( )2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period. )3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.( )5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.( )6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.( )7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.( )8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.( )10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.( )Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.( )3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.( )4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.( )5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.( )6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.( )7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening. )8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper( )9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.( )10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions. )Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.( )3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder.(4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.( )5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.( )6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.( )7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".( )8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World WarII.( )10.V.S.Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.( )Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.( )2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.( )3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.( )4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.( )5.To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating inthe war.( )6.With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties.( )7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.( )。

英语国家概况课后习题(附答案).pdf

英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）Chapter 1Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.—T—2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.—F—3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.—F—4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.—F—5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls bello w-10℃in January.—T—6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.—T—7.The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. —F—8.English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are—A—A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ShcotlandC.Great Britain and EnglandD.Great Britain and England2. —B—is the capital city of Scotland.A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.LondonD.Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, —D—is the smallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland4. English belongs to the —C—group of the Indo-European family oflanguages.A.CelticB.NormanC.GermanticD.Roman5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of -—D—words to English.A.Danish and FinnishB.Dutch and GermanC.French and Italiantin and Greek6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the—A—influence.A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish7. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standardform of—C—.8. At present,nearly —C—of the world’s populations communicate inEnglish.A.halfB.a quarterC.one thirdD.one fifthⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland?2.How many periods can the development of the English language be dividedintoand what are they?3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.Who are the British people?2.What is Standard English?Chapter 2Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.—T—2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5th century.—F—3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.—T—4.The Viking began to attack the English coast in the 8th century. —T—5.Henry Ⅱbuilt up a large empire which included England and most of france.—F—6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and townspeople.—F—7.The Hundred Years’War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.—T—8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth Ⅰactually defended the fruit the Reformation. Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The—D—attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC.CelticD.Germanic2. By the late 7th century, —D—became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo Saxons ChristianityC.Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. The—C—marked the establishment of feudualism in England.A.Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.adoption of common law4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of—C—A.the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster5. The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Ⅷ’s effortto—A—.A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantD.declare his supreme power over the church6. The English Civil War broke out in1642 between —B—A.the Protestant and the PuritansB.the Royalist and the ParliamentarianC.the nobles and the peasantsD.the aristocrats and the Christians7. —A—was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.The Bill of RightsB.The Act of SupremacyC.The Provisions of OxfordD.The Magna Carta8. The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle ofthe —C—century.A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20thⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What were Queen Victoria’s major achievements?2.What were the two camps in the World WarⅠ?3.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the Uinited States after World War Ⅱ?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?2.Explain the rise and fall of the British Empire.Chapter 3Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.—F—2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.—F—3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.—F—4.The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.—F—5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.—T—6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.—F—7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.—T—8.The legal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers betweenthree of the following branchs EXCEPT the—C—.A.judiciaryB.legislatureC.monarchyD.executive2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on—D—.A.passing billsB.advising the gowernmentsC.political partiesD.public attitude3. As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected to—B—the Houseof Commons.A.rivalplementC.criticizeD.inspect4. —A—is at the center of the British political system.A.The CabinetB.The House of LordsC.The House of CommonsD.The Privy Council5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to —B—.A.make decisionsB.give adviceC.pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet6. Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a —B—system.A.single partyB.two partyC.three partyD.multi party7. The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand—D—.ernment interventionB.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reformD.a belief in individualiam8. In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every—C—years.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.sixⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?2.What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?3.Why are independent candidates unlikely towin in the general elections? Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during the processof a general election?2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Chapter 4Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.—T—2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.—F—3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent. —F—4.Thatcher’s revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the British economic and social problems.—T—5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.—T—6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.—F—7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.—T—8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The —A—in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisisB.high inflation ratesrge importsD.unemployment problem2. Of the following practices, —C—did not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A.reducing child benefitsB.shortening the period of unemployment benefitsC.reducing unemploymentD.lowering old age pension3. The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT—D—.A.limiting government spendingB.keeping inflation under controlC.reducing unemploymentD.reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted about—C—of its land area to agriculture.A.50%B.60%C.70%D.80%5. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT—D—.A.the North SeaB.the English ChannelC.the area around the Irish coastD.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6. Coal mining industry in Britain provides—B—of the energy consumed inthe country.A.one thirdB.one fourthC.one fifthD.two thirds7. The car industry in Britain is mostly —A—.A.foreign ownedB.state ownedC.joint ownedD.privately owned8. Of the following sectors in Britain, —C—has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of the World War Ⅱ.A.agricultureB.the energy industryC.the service sectorD.the manufacturing industryⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early 1980s.2.What are the charactoristics of Britain’sagriculture?3.What happened to Britain’s beef industry in the mid 1990s?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the major causes of Britain’s relative economic decline in thepostwar period?2.Why do developed nations like Britian encourage the development of the service industry?Chapter 5Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.—F—cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.—F—3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independent system.—T—4.When children finish their schooling at 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examination.—T—5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools. —F—6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.—F—7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world. —T—8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs and traditions.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. In Britain,the division between grammer schools and vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the —D—.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s2. Over—C—of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.Partially funded 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive the remaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT—B—.A.tuition feesB.loansC.donationsD.corporate contributions4. To be admitted to the Open University, one needs—B—.A.some educational qualificatonsB.no educational qualificationsC.the General Certificate of Education Advanced level.D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education5. Among Britain’s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded asthe “Big Three”EXCEPT—C—.A.The TimesB.The GuardianC.The ObserverD.The Daily Telegraph6. Life On Earth is a kind of —C—program produced by the BBC is popularworldwide.A.radioB.dramaC.documentaryD.soap opera7. —D—is Britain’s top pay television provider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly BritishEXCEPT—A—.A.Trooping the ColorB.the Queen’s Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.the Christmas pantomimeⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schools and vocational schools in Britain.2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What are the general features of Britain’s independent schools?2.What are the “Quality Press”and the “tabloids”in Britain?Chapter 6Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period. —T—2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.—T—3.As a great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homer’s Iliad. —F—4.Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.—F—5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.—F—6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such as “Ode to the West Winds”.—F—7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.—T—8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War Ⅱ.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is—B—.A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet2. —C—is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of independence”.A. “I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud”B.Don JuanC.The preface to Lyrical BalladsD.Prometheus Unbound3.Of Dicken’s novels, —B—is considered most autobiographical.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.Davied CopperfiedC.Oliver TwistD.Great Expectations4. —D—is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19thcentury.A.Robert Louis SetevensonB.John MiltonC.Joseph ConardD.Thomas Hardy5. Of the following books, —C—is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A.Jude the ObscureB.Tess of the d’UrbervillesC.Adam BedeD.The Return of the Native6. —A—is not included in the modernist group.A.Oscar WildeB.Virginia WoolfC.William Bulter YeatsD.T.S.Eliot7. Of the following writers, —B— is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Samuel BeckettB.James JoyceC.William GoldingD.V.S.Naipual8. Waiting for Godot is written by—A—.A.Samuel BeckettB.Geroge OrwellC. William GoldingwranceⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three catergries of Shakespeare’s plays and their representatives?2.What is Critical Realism?3.What are the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19th century?4.What is the stream of consciousness?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is Romanticism?2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the 20th century?Chapter 7Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland. —F—2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe. —F—3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.—T—4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to the British Commonwealth of Nations.—F—5.Ireland’s economy wasn’t affected by World War Ⅱbecause it remained neutral during the war.—F—6.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern counties.—F—7.English is the only official language in Ireland because the majority of people speak it as their mother tongue.—T—8.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith, but of public identity.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. --B-- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6th century BC.A. Hunter-gatherers from BritainB. Celtic tribesC. British invadersD. The Vikings2. Divergent views about --C--resulted in the Irish Civil War.A. the Act of UnionB. the Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceC. the Anglo-Irish TreatyD. the Anglo-Irish Agreement3. --C---was the first Irish President to visit Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.A. Eamon de ValeraB. John A. CostelloC. Mary RobinsonD. Albert Reynolds4. ---D--brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.A. The British recognition of the Irish RepublicB. The signing of the Downing Street DeclarationC. The signing of the Belfast AgreementD. The IRA’s formal declaration of the disarmament in 20055. In Ireland, the head of state is--B---A. the Prime MinisterB. the PresidentC. the British monarchD. the General Governor6. ---C---has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supportspeaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.A. Fine GaelB. The Labor PartyC. Fianna FailD. The Progressive Democrats7. Emigration in Ireland started since the --A--A. medieval periodB. 17th centuryC. Great Potato FamineD. early 18th century8. Ireland now has a --B-- economy.A. agriculture-basedB. knowledge-basedC. industry-basedD. foreign investment-basedⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. Why was Cork given the nickname “the Rebel County”?2. Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?3. Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War Ⅱ？Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1. What is the significance of the following documents: the Act of Union, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement?2. What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?Chapter 8Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country’s continental territory.—T—2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.—T—3.A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.—T—4.New York is composed of five boroughs, including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens.—F—5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywood is located here.—T—6.During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.—T—7.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.—T—8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The U.S. lies in --B--North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its ----and the Pacific to its -----.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, west, east2. The continental United States has--C---states.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353. The state of --A--- is the largest in area of all the U.S. states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4. The longest river in the U.S. is ---B---A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Lake Itasca5. Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated in--C--.A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to --D--A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD. California7. The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into theUnited States, particularly from--A----.A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8. The characteristics of the dominant American culture are--D-A. English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic andmiddle-classB. English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-classⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. How is the American population distributed?2. Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1. Why is the United States regarded as a “melting pot” and a “salad bowl”?2. What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?Chapter 9Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.—F—2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Phiadelphia,and the Continental Army and Navy was established under the command of Thomas Jerfferson.—T—3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.—F—4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.—T—5.In1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.—F—6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on Septemble11,2001. —T—7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of the evil”.—F—8.On March 20,2003,American and United Nations’troops, supposed by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at—C—in——.A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston, MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,Gergia2. The Seven Years’War occurred between—C—.A.the French and the American IndiansB.the French and the SpanishC.the French and the BritishD. the British and the American Indians3. “No taxation without representation”was the rallying slogan of—D—.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies4. In May 1775, —B—was held in Phiadelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a provisional government.A.the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC.the Boston Tea PartyD.the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued the —C—to grant freedom to all slaves.A.Declaration of IndependenceB.ConstitutionC.Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights6. The policy of the United States was —A—at the beginning of the twoWorld Wars.A.nuetralityB.full involvementC.partial involvementD.appeasement7. President —C— introduced the NⅡew Deal to deal with the problems ofthe Great Depression.A.WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy8. The Vietanam War was a long time suffering for Americans,and itscontinued throughout the terms of president—D—.A.Johnson,Nixon and FordB.Truman,Eisenhower and KennedyC.Kennedy,Johnson and NixonD.Eisenhower,kennedy and Johnson Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why did American change its policy and enter World War Ⅱ?2.What were Nixon’s well known contributions during his presidency?3.What were the measure s of Reagan’s economic program?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What was the course of the American Civil War?2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War Ⅱ?Chapter 10Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).—F—1.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.—T—2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.—F—3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.—T—4.The judicial branch of the US federal government consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts. —F—5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.—T—6.The American presidential campaigns adhere to the “winner-takes-all”practice.—F—7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality. —T—8.The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The US.Constitution came into effect in –B--A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D.17932. The Constitution of the United States --C--A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power tothe presidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Right –B--A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the US specific individual rights and freedomC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has norelationship with the Constitution.4.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __D_ and ___ yearsreapectively.A. 2;4B.2;3C. 2;6D.6;25. All the following can make legislative proposals EXCEPT –C--A. the senatorB. the RepresentativeC. the secretary of stateD. the president6.The following are all powers of the President EXCEPT CA. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD.issuing executive orders7. The Supreme Court is composed of __D_ justicesA. 6B. 7C. 8D.98. The president is directly voted into office by _C__A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and therepresentativesⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.what are the two characteristics of the us constitution?2.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?3.what are the major powers of the Supreme Court?4.what are the differences between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of political ideology.Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?2.what was President Eisenhower’s foreign policy and what were the consequences?Chapter 11Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F). —T—1.America is the world’s largest industrial nation.—T—2.In the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importance of ‘intellectual property’ could be identified.—F—3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations in the South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.—F—4. President Roosevelt’s New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s—F—5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business. —T—6. American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.—T—7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.—F—8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the world economy.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields EXCEPT __C_A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2. The modern American economy progressed from___ to____, and then to __C__A. a colonial economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyB. a farming economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyC. a colonial economy, a farming economy, an industrial economyD. a handcraft economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy。

《英语国家概况》课后题参考答案

《英语国家概况》课后题参考答案Chapter Thirteen Geography1. How many states are there in the United States? Which one is the largest and which one is the smallest?There are 50 states in the United States. The largest one in area is Alaska and Rhode Island the smallest.2. Why does the United States have an ideal location for trade?The United States has an ideal location for trade. Its Atlantic coast faces the developed countries of Western Europe and its Pacific coast and Hawaii give the nation an approach to the Far East and Australasia. So the United States is well connected to the rest of the world.3. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main mountain ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.There are two main mountain ranges in the United States. They are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. Many important rivers in the United States include the Mississippi River and its two tributaries- the Missouri and the Ohio, two great rivers on the Pacific coast the Colorado and the Columbia, the Rio Grande River, the Hudson River and the Potomac. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes including Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.4. What are the benefits of the lakes, rivers and seacoasts of the United States?The Lakes and rivers form a complete system of water ways which provides cheap transportation for materials. Many swift rivers provide good sources of hydroelectric power. The long and irregular seacoasts provide many excellent harbors.5. What are the factors which influence the climate of the United States?The most important factors are the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans, the Gulf of Mexico and the Great Lakes. The western mountain ranges have an important effect on the climate of the Far West.6. How many types of climate can be found in the United States? What are they?Six types of climate can be found in the United States. They are the humid continental climate in the northeastern part of the country, the humid subtropical climate in the southeastern United States, the continental steppe climate of the Great Plains, the continental desert climate of the intermountain region, the maritime climate in the Pacific northwest and the Mediterranean climate in the southern part of the Pacific coast.7. How many geographical regions can be found in the United States? What are they?Traditionally from the east to west the United States can be divided into seven geographical region. They areNew England, the Middle Atlantic States, the Midwest, the South, the Great Plains, Rockies and Intermountain region or the American West, the Pacific Coast and the New States.8. What are the major economic activities of the Midwest and the South of the United States?The Midwest has the most developed agriculture. It is also a major manufacturing region and the nation’s leading centre of heavy industry. The South is rich in mineral resources and has light as well as heavy industries. It produces over half of the petroleum. It contains 90% of the American textile industry. It has a large agriculture. 9. Why is the tourist trade so important in the American West?Because much of the Rocky mountain area is too mountainous for grazing, and very little of it is usable farmland. And the government has set aside large areas of land as national parks.10. List three geographical differences between Alaska and Hawaii.The two states have many contrasts. Alaska occupies the north-western corner of North America. It extends northward into the Arctic Circle. Hawaii is located in the Pacific Ocean in the tropic. Alaska has the largest land area of all the states, and Hawaii has one of the smallest land areas.。

英语国家概况修订版课后练习题含答案

英语国家概况修订版课后练习题含答案第一部分：选择题1.Which of the following countries has the highest populationin the world?A. United StatesB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. CanadaAnswer: C2.Which of the following countries is NOT one of the foundingmembers of the European Union?A. GermanyB. ItalyC. FranceD. SpnAnswer: D3.What is the capital city of Canada?A. TorontoB. VancouverC. OttawaD. MontrealAnswer: C4.Which language is spoken in Brazil?A. FrenchB. EnglishC. PortugueseD. SpanishAnswer: C5.What is the official language of the United States?A. SpanishB. EnglishC. FrenchD. GermanAnswer: B第二部分：填空题1.The official language of Australia is __________. Answer:English2.The longest river in the United States is the __________.Answer: Missouri River3.The largest desert in the world is the __________. Answer:Sahara4.The highest peak in Africa is __________. Answer: MountKilimanjaro5.The currency of Japan is called the __________. Answer: Yen第三部分：问答题1.What are the official languages of Canada?Answer: The two official languages of Canada are English and French.2.Which continent has the most English-speaking countries?Answer: The continent with the most English-speaking countries is North America.3.What is the capital of China?Answer: The capital of China is Beijing.4.How many countries are there in the European Union?Answer: There are currently 27 countries in the European Union. three countries in South America.Answer: Three countries in South America are Brazil, Argentina, and Peru.第四部分：解释题1.What is the meaning of the term。

英语国家概况谢福之课后答案

英语国家概况（谢福之主编）课后答案一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2.is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words toEnglish.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation10.At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11.The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12.By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14.The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church17.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18.was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowing branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet26.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six27.has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31.The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32.In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833.The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem34.Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36.Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38.Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339.The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned40.Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since theend of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry41.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by theintroduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s42.About of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remainingfunds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions44.Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45.To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National V ocational Qualifications46.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three”with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47.Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera48.is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49.Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas50.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52.is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations54.is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55.Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56.is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57.Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58.Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59.Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S. Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H. Lawrence61.The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562.The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63.The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64.The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66.is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68.The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians69.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States,particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America70.The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution inEngland.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76.In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of anational government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77.Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights78.The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79.President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy80.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout theterms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes85.All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86.The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88.The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two89.The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90.The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fieldsexcept .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like thefollowing except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98.The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99.is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors 100.At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101.Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private102.Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education103.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University104.Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S.institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107.Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University108.is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109.Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS) 110.The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th111.Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving 112.is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113.Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114.Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller115.Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116.Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville 117.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature118.Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119.Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neil 120.is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.()9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.()5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.( )6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.( )7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.( )8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople. )9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory. )10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government. )2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.( )3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.( )6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected. )7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.( )8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.( )2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period. )3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.( )5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.( )6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.( )7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.( )8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.( )10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.( )Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.( )3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.( )4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.( )5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.( )6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.( )7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening. )8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper( )9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.( )10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions. )Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.( )3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder.(4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.( )5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.( )6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.( )7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".( )8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.( )10.V.S.Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.( )Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.( )2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.( )3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.( )4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.( )5.To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war.( )6.With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties.( )7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.( )。

英语国家概况谢福之课后答案

英语国家概况（谢福之主编）课后答案一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.3. A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff4.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of overmillion.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 165.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. NorthernIreland6.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern7.English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman8.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek9.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish10.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard formof .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD.pronunciation11.At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. onefifth12.The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic13.By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity14.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great15.The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law16.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster17.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effortto .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme powerover the church18.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists andParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians19. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta20.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of thecentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th22.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between threeof the following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive23.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude24.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House ofCommons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect25.British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals26.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet27.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six28. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland29.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD.multi-party30.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand .A. government interventionB. nationalization ofenterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism31.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved publictransportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economicdevelopment32.The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880s33.In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194834.The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem35.Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemploymentbenefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions36.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspectsexcept .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation undercontrolC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality37.Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74% %38.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britainand Ireland39.Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in thecountry.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/340.The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD.privately-owned41.Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growthsince the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD.manufacturing industry42.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools wereended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD.1960s43.About of British children receive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%44.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receivetheir remaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD.corporate contributions45.Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’suniversities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references46.To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educationalqualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National VocationalQualifications47.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the“Big Three” with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The DailyTelegraph48.Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popularamong 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soapopera49. is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB50.Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families travelingoverseas51.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime52.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD.pamphlet53. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound54.Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations55. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19thcentury.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy56.Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms ofNeo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.57. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot58.Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native59.Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.60.Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S.Naipaul61.Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H.Lawrence62.The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3563.The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD.Florida64.The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico tothe south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west65.The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River66.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest67. is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and LakeOntario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake68.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD.Blacks69.The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD.Asians70.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the UnitedStates, particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. SouthAmerica71.The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class72.The first successful English colony in North America was founded atin .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia73.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecutionin England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD.Christians74.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians75.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies76.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston77.In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functionsof a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second ContinentalCongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation78.Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights79.The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two worldwars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD.appeasement80.President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD.Kennedy81.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson82.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179383.The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court84.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights andfreedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution85.The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes86.All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President87.The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders88.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above89.The terms for a Senator and Representative are and yearsrespectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six,two90.The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine91.The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 yearsoldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators andrepresentatives92.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fieldsexcept .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals93.The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy94.Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority95.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urgeof .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton96.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD.refrigerator97.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing variousprograms like the following except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension98.About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. onefifth99.The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural importsand exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.100. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. AmericanMotors101.At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%102.Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD.private103.Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and businesseducationC. science and social studiesD. music and physicaleducation104.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University105.Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges106.Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll107.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits108.Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute ofTechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University109. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News110.Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public BroadcastingService (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American BroadcastingSystem (ABS)111.The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th 112.Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & JonathanEdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & WashingtonIrving113. is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving114.Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature115.Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller116.Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view117.Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville 118.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature119.Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls120.Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. EugeneO’Neil121. is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD.James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(F)4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.(F)5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(T)7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(F)8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.(T)9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T)10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F)Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.(F)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F)3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(F)2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.(T)3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity andthe need to avenge his father's murder.(T)4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.(T)5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.(F)6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.(F)7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".(F)8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(F)9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.(T)10. detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.(T)Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.(F)2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.(F)3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.(F)4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.(T)5.To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war.(F)6.With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties.(F)7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.(F)8.In Ireland, both the House of Representatives and the Senate have the power of making laws.(F)。

英语国家概况课后习题(附问题详解)

英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）Chapter 1Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.—T—2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.—F—3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.—F—4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.—F—5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls bello w-10℃in January.—T—6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.—T—7.The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. —F—8.English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are—A—A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ShcotlandC.Great Britain and EnglandD.Great Britain and England2. —B—is the capital city of Scotland.A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.LondonD.Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, —D—is the smallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland4. English belongs to the —C—group of the Indo-European family oflanguages.A.CelticB.NormanC.GermanticD.Roman5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of -—D—words to English.A.Danish and FinnishB.Dutch and GermanC.French and Italiantin and Greek6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the—A—influence.A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish7. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standardform of—C—.8. At present,nearly —C—of the world’s populations communicate inEnglish.A.halfB.a quarterC.one thirdD.one fifthⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland?2.How many periods can the development of the English language be dividedintoand what are they?3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.Who are the British people?2.What is Standard English?Chapter 2Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.—T—2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5th century.—F—3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.—T—4.The Viking began to attack the English coast in the 8th century. —T—5.Henry Ⅱbuilt up a large empire which included England and most of france.—F—6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and townspeople.—F—7.The Hundred Years’War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.—T—8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth Ⅰactually defended the fruit the Reformation. Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The—D—attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC.CelticD.Germanic2. By the late 7th century, —D—became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo Saxons ChristianityC.Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. The—C—marked the establishment of feudualism in England.A.Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.adoption of common law4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of—C—A.the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster5. The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Ⅷ’s effortto—A—.A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantD.declare his supreme power over the church6. The English Civil War broke out in1642 between —B—A.the Protestant and the PuritansB.the Royalist and the ParliamentarianC.the nobles and the peasantsD.the aristocrats and the Christians7. —A—was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.The Bill of RightsB.The Act of SupremacyC.The Provisions of OxfordD.The Magna Carta8. The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle ofthe —C—century.A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20thⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What were Queen Victoria’s major achievements?2.What were the two camps in the World WarⅠ?3.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the Uinited States after World War Ⅱ?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?2.Explain the rise and fall of the British Empire.Chapter 3Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.—F—2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.—F—3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.—F—4.The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.—F—5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.—T—6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.—F—7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.—T—8.The legal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers betweenthree of the following branchs EXCEPT the—C—.A.judiciaryB.legislatureC.monarchyD.executive2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on—D—.A.passing billsB.advising the gowernmentsC.political partiesD.public attitude3. As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected to—B—the Houseof Commons.A.rivalplementC.criticizeD.inspect4. —A—is at the center of the British political system.A.The CabinetB.The House of LordsC.The House of CommonsD.The Privy Council5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to —B—.A.make decisionsB.give adviceC.pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet6. Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a —B—system.A.single partyB.two partyC.three partyD.multi party7. The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand—D—.ernment interventionB.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reformD.a belief in individualiam8. In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every—C—years.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.sixⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?2.What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?3.Why are independent candidates unlikely towin in the general elections? Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during the processof a general election?2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Chapter 4Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.—T—2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.—F—3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent. —F—4.Thatcher’s revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the British economic and social problems.—T—5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.—T—6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.—F—7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.—T—8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The —A—in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisisB.high inflation ratesrge importsD.unemployment problem2. Of the following practices, —C—did not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A.reducing child benefitsB.shortening the period of unemployment benefitsC.reducing unemploymentD.lowering old age pension3. The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT—D—.A.limiting government spendingB.keeping inflation under controlC.reducing unemploymentD.reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted about—C—of its land area to agriculture.A.50%B.60%C.70%D.80%5. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT—D—.A.the North SeaB.the English ChannelC.the area around the Irish coastD.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6. Coal mining industry in Britain provides—B—of the energy consumed inthe country.A.one thirdB.one fourthC.one fifthD.two thirds7. The car industry in Britain is mostly —A—.A.foreign ownedB.state ownedC.joint ownedD.privately owned8. Of the following sectors in Britain, —C—has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of the World War Ⅱ.A.agricultureB.the energy industryC.the service sectorD.the manufacturing industryⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early 1980s.2.What are the charactoristics of Britain’sagriculture?3.What happened to Britain’s beef industry in the mid 1990s?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the major causes of Britain’s relative economic decline in thepostwar period?2.Why do developed nations like Britian encourage the development of the service industry?Chapter 5Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.—F—cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.—F—3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independent system.—T—4.When children finish their schooling at 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examination.—T—5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools. —F—6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.—F—7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world. —T—8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs and traditions.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. In Britain,the division between grammer schools and vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the —D—.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s2. Over—C—of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.Partially funded 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive the remaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT—B—.A.tuition feesB.loansC.donationsD.corporate contributions4. To be admitted to the Open University, one needs—B—.A.some educational qualificatonsB.no educational qualificationsC.the General Certificate of Education Advanced level.D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education5. Among Britain’s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded asthe “Big Three”EXCEPT—C—.A.The TimesB.The GuardianC.The ObserverD.The Daily Telegraph6. Life On Earth is a kind of —C—program produced by the BBC is popularworldwide.A.radioB.dramaC.documentaryD.soap opera7. —D—is Britain’s top pay television provider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly BritishEXCEPT—A—.A.Trooping the ColorB.the Queen’s Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.the Christmas pantomimeⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schools and vocational schools in Britain.2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What are the general features of Britain’s independent schools?2.What are the “Quality Press”and the “tabloids”in Britain?Chapter 6Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period. —T—2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.—T—3.As a great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homer’s Iliad. —F—4.Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.—F—5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.—F—6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such as “Ode to the West Winds”.—F—7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.—T—8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War Ⅱ.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is—B—.A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet2. —C—is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of independence”.A. “I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud”B.Don JuanC.The preface to Lyrical BalladsD.Prometheus Unbound3.Of Dicken’s novels, —B—is considered most autobiographical.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.Davied CopperfiedC.Oliver TwistD.Great Expectations4. —D—is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19thcentury.A.Robert Louis SetevensonB.John MiltonC.Joseph ConardD.Thomas Hardy5. Of the following books, —C—is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A.Jude the ObscureB.Tess of the d’UrbervillesC.Adam BedeD.The Return of the Native6. —A—is not included in the modernist group.A.Oscar WildeB.Virginia WoolfC.William Bulter YeatsD.T.S.Eliot7. Of the following writers, —B— is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Samuel BeckettB.James JoyceC.William GoldingD.V.S.Naipual8. Waiting for Godot is written by—A—.A.Samuel BeckettB.Geroge OrwellC. William GoldingwranceⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three catergries of Shakespeare’s plays and their representatives?2.What is Critical Realism?3.What are the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19th century?4.What is the stream of consciousness?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is Romanticism?2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the 20th century?Chapter 7Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland. —F—2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe. —F—3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.—T—4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to the British Commonwealth of Nations.—F—5.Ireland’s economy wasn’t affected by World War Ⅱbecause it remained neutral during the war.—F—6.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern counties.—F—7.English is the only official language in Ireland because the majority of people speak it as their mother tongue.—T—8.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith, but of public identity.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. --B-- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6th century BC.A. Hunter-gatherers from BritainB. Celtic tribesC. British invadersD. The Vikings2. Divergent views about --C--resulted in the Irish Civil War.A. the Act of UnionB. the Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceC. the Anglo-Irish TreatyD. the Anglo-Irish Agreement3. --C---was the first Irish President to visit Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.A. Eamon de ValeraB. John A. CostelloC. Mary RobinsonD. Albert Reynolds4. ---D--brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.A. The British recognition of the Irish RepublicB. The signing of the Downing Street DeclarationC. The signing of the Belfast AgreementD. The IRA’s formal declaration of the disarmament in 20055. In Ireland, the head of state is--B---A. the Prime MinisterB. the PresidentC. the British monarchD. the General Governor6. ---C---has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supportspeaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.A. Fine GaelB. The Labor PartyC. Fianna FailD. The Progressive Democrats7. Emigration in Ireland started since the --A--A. medieval periodB. 17th centuryC. Great Potato FamineD. early 18th century8. Ireland now has a --B-- economy.A. agriculture-basedB. knowledge-basedC. industry-basedD. foreign investment-basedⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. Why was Cork given the nickname “the Rebel County”?2. Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?3. Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War Ⅱ？Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1. What is the significance of the following documents: the Act of Union, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement?2. What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?Chapter 8Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country’s continental territory.—T—2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.—T—3.A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.—T—4.New York is composed of five boroughs, including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens.—F—5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywood is located here.—T—6.During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.—T—7.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.—T—8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The U.S. lies in --B--North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its ----and the Pacific to its -----.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, west, east2. The continental United States has--C---states.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353. The state of --A--- is the largest in area of all the U.S. states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4. The longest river in the U.S. is ---B---A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Lake Itasca5. Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated in--C--.A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to --D--A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD. California7. The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into theUnited States, particularly from--A----.A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8. The characteristics of the dominant American culture are--D-A. English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic andmiddle-classB. English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-classⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. How is the American population distributed?2. Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1. Why is the United States regarded as a “melting pot” and a “salad bowl”?2. What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?Chapter 9Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.—F—2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Phiadelphia,and the Continental Army and Navy was established under the command of Thomas Jerfferson.—T—3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.—F—4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.—T—5.In1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.—F—6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on Septemble11,2001. —T—7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of the evil”.—F—8.On March 20,2003,American and United Nations’troops, supposed by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at—C—in——.A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston, MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,Gergia2. The Seven Years’War occurred between—C—.A.the French and the American IndiansB.the French and the SpanishC.the French and the BritishD. the British and the American Indians3. “No taxation without representation”was the rallying slogan of—D—.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies4. In May 1775, —B—was held in Phiadelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a provisional government.A.the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC.the Boston Tea PartyD.the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued the —C—to grant freedom to all slaves.A.Declaration of IndependenceB.ConstitutionC.Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights6. The policy of the United States was —A—at the beginning of the twoWorld Wars.A.nuetralityB.full involvementC.partial involvementD.appeasement7. President —C— introduced the NⅡew Deal to deal with the problems ofthe Great Depression.A.WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy8. The Vietanam War was a long time suffering for Americans,and itscontinued throughout the terms of president—D—.A.Johnson,Nixon and FordB.Truman,Eisenhower and KennedyC.Kennedy,Johnson and NixonD.Eisenhower,kennedy and Johnson Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why did American change its policy and enter World War Ⅱ?2.What were Nixon’s well known contributions during his presidency?3.What were the measure s of Reagan’s economic program?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What was the course of the American Civil War?2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War Ⅱ?Chapter 10Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).—F—1.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.—T—2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.—F—3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.—T—4.The judicial branch of the US federal government consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts. —F—5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.—T—6.The American presidential campaigns adhere to the “winner-takes-all”practice.—F—7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality. —T—8.The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The US.Constitution came into effect in –B--A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D.17932. The Constitution of the United States --C--A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power tothe presidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Right –B--A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the US specific individual rights and freedomC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has norelationship with the Constitution.4.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __D_ and ___ yearsreapectively.A. 2;4B.2;3C. 2;6D.6;25. All the following can make legislative proposals EXCEPT –C--A. the senatorB. the RepresentativeC. the secretary of stateD. the president6.The following are all powers of the President EXCEPT CA. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD.issuing executive orders7. The Supreme Court is composed of __D_ justicesA. 6B. 7C. 8D.98. The president is directly voted into office by _C__A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and therepresentativesⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.what are the two characteristics of the us constitution?2.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?3.what are the major powers of the Supreme Court?4.what are the differences between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of political ideology.Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?2.what was President Eisenhower’s foreign policy and what were the consequences?Chapter 11Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F). —T—1.America is the world’s largest industrial nation.—T—2.In the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importance of ‘intellectual property’ could be identified.—F—3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations in the South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.—F—4. President Roosevelt’s New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s—F—5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business. —T—6. American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.—T—7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.—F—8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the world economy.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields EXCEPT __C_A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2. The modern American economy progressed from___ to____, and then to __C__A. a colonial economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyB. a farming economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyC. a colonial economy, a farming economy, an industrial economyD. a handcraft economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy。

英语国家概况课后题总结和答案

C h a p t e r1l a n d a n d p e o p l e1.what are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth?The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian.2.Describe the geographical position of Britian?Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe.It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland?The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.4.Does Britain have a favourable climate? why?Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot.It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year.It has a small range of temperature,too.5.what are the factors which influence the climate in Britain? Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest?The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three:1)The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences;2)the prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate;3)the North Atlantic Drift,a warm current,passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.The northwestern part has the most rainfall,while the south-eastern corner is the driest.6.Describe the distribution of Britain’s population.Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated, with an average of 237people per square kilometre. It is also very unevenly distributed , with 90%of the population in urban areas,10% in rural areas. Geographically, most British people live in England. Of the total of 57 million people, 47 million live in England, 14 million live in London and Southeastern England.7.What are the three natural zones in Scotland?The three natural zones in Scotland are : the Highlands in the north, the central Lowlands ,and the southern Uplands.8.What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welsh and Irish?The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons,while the Scots,Welsh and rish are Celts.9.What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England? How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive?The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people.The Scots are hospitable ,generous and friendly.Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls.Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau.On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry,music,singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive.10.What is the main problem in Northern Ireland?Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland.Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics.The former are the dominant group,while the latter are seeking more social,plitical and economic apportunities.The british Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.。

英语国家概况课后练习题含答案 (2)

英语国家概况课后练习题含答案综合题1.列举目前世界上说英语的国家，以及英语在这些国家中的地位。

目前世界上说英语的国家有：英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰等国家，同时在许多国际组织，例如联合国、世界卫生组织等中也广泛使用英语作为官方语言和工作语言。

2.英式英语和美式英语有哪些不同？举例说明。

英式英语和美式英语有很多的不同之处。

其中最明显的一点是音标和词汇。

英式英语往往使用音标符号“r”和“u”，而美式英语往往使用音标符号“ɹ”和“ʊ”。

此外，在词汇方面也有很多不同之处，例如，–英式英语：lorry，美式英语：truck；–英式英语：autumn，美式英语：fall；–英式英语：flat，美式英语：apartment。

3.英国各地方言有哪些？请任选一种方言进行简要介绍。

英国各地方言非常多，其中以威尔士语、苏格兰语和爱尔兰语为主。

这些方言往往在发音、语法和词汇上有很多的差异。

例如，–威尔士语中“ch”发音像“hi”，“th”发音像“th”；–苏格兰语中有很多单词使用不同的词汇来表示一样的意思；–爱尔兰语中拼写和发音的关系较为复杂。

这里简要介绍苏格兰语。

苏格兰语历史悠久，是一种独特的方言。

在苏格兰的一些地方如高地，苏格兰语还是重要的一种语言。

除了苏格兰人使用的大地方言外，苏格兰也有各个地区的方言。

例如，安格斯安卡斯特方言，如下：–“ochinae”代表“oh no”；–“lum”代表“chimney”；–“fooser”代表“muddle”。

选择题1.英语在以下哪个领域中具有最高的地位？A. 商业B. 文化C. 政治D. 科技答案：D2.根据以上综合题，以下哪个国家不是说英语的国家？A. 英国B. 瑞士C. 加拿大D. 澳大利亚答案：B3.英式英语和美式英语的音标在哪个方面不同？A. 音节B. 音符C. 音高D. 音色答案：B填空题1.苏格兰语在苏格兰高地地区依然具有重要地位，此外苏格兰也有各个地区的方言。

英语国家概况课后习题(附答案)

英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）Chapter 1Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.—T—2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.—F—3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.—F—4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.—F—5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls bello w-10℃in January.—T—6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.—T—7.The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. —F—8.English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are—A—A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ShcotlandC.Great Britain and EnglandD.Great Britain and England2. —B—is the capital city of Scotland.A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.LondonD.Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, —D—is the smallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland4. English belongs to the —C—group of the Indo-European family oflanguages.A.CelticB.NormanC.GermanticD.Roman5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of -—D—words to English.A.Danish and FinnishB.Dutch and GermanC.French and Italiantin and Greek6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the—A—influence.A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish7. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standardform of—C—.8. At present,nearly —C—of the world’s populations communicate inEnglish.A.halfB.a quarterC.one thirdD.one fifthⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland?2.How many periods can the development of the English language be dividedintoand what are they?3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.Who are the British people?2.What is Standard English?Chapter 2Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.—T—2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5th century.—F—3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.—T—4.The Viking began to attack the English coast in the 8th century. —T—5.Henry Ⅱbuilt up a large empire which included England and most of france.—F—6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and townspeople.—F—7.The Hundred Years’War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.—T—8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth Ⅰactually defended the fruit the Reformation. Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The—D—attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC.CelticD.Germanic2. By the late 7th century, —D—became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo Saxons ChristianityC.Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. The—C—marked the establishment of feudualism in England.A.Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.adoption of common law4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of—C—A.the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster5. The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Ⅷ’s effortto—A—.A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantD.declare his supreme power over the church6. The English Civil War broke out in1642 between —B—A.the Protestant and the PuritansB.the Royalist and the ParliamentarianC.the nobles and the peasantsD.the aristocrats and the Christians7. —A—was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.The Bill of RightsB.The Act of SupremacyC.The Provisions of OxfordD.The Magna Carta8. The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle ofthe —C—century.A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20thⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What were Queen Victoria’s major achievements?2.What were the two camps in the World WarⅠ?3.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the Uinited States after World War Ⅱ?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?2.Explain the rise and fall of the British Empire.Chapter 3Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.—F—2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.—F—3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.—F—4.The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.—F—5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.—T—6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.—F—7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.—T—8.The legal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers betweenthree of the following branchs EXCEPT the—C—.A.judiciaryB.legislatureC.monarchyD.executive2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on—D—.A.passing billsB.advising the gowernmentsC.political partiesD.public attitude3. As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected to—B—the Houseof Commons.A.rivalplementC.criticizeD.inspect4. —A—is at the center of the British political system.A.The CabinetB.The House of LordsC.The House of CommonsD.The Privy Council5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to —B—.A.make decisionsB.give adviceC.pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet6. Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a —B—system.A.single partyB.two partyC.three partyD.multi party7. The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand—D—.ernment interventionB.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reformD.a belief in individualiam8. In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every—C—years.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.sixⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?2.What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?3.Why are independent candidates unlikely towin in the general elections? Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during the processof a general election?2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Chapter 4Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.—T—2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.—F—3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent. —F—4.Thatcher’s revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the British economic and social problems.—T—5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.—T—6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.—F—7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.—T—8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The —A—in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisisB.high inflation ratesrge importsD.unemployment problem2. Of the following practices, —C—did not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A.reducing child benefitsB.shortening the period of unemployment benefitsC.reducing unemploymentD.lowering old age pension3. The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT—D—.A.limiting government spendingB.keeping inflation under controlC.reducing unemploymentD.reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted about—C—of its land area to agriculture.A.50%B.60%C.70%D.80%5. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT—D—.A.the North SeaB.the English ChannelC.the area around the Irish coastD.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6. Coal mining industry in Britain provides—B—of the energy consumed inthe country.A.one thirdB.one fourthC.one fifthD.two thirds7. The car industry in Britain is mostly —A—.A.foreign ownedB.state ownedC.joint ownedD.privately owned8. Of the following sectors in Britain, —C—has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of the World War Ⅱ.A.agricultureB.the energy industryC.the service sectorD.the manufacturing industryⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early 1980s.2.What are the charactoristics of Britain’sagriculture?3.What happened to Britain’s beef industry in the mid 1990s?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the major causes of Britain’s relative economic decline in thepostwar period?2.Why do developed nations like Britian encourage the development of the service industry?Chapter 5Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.—F—cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.—F—3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independent system.—T—4.When children finish their schooling at 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examination.—T—5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools. —F—6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.—F—7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world. —T—8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs and traditions.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. In Britain,the division between grammer schools and vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the —D—.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s2. Over—C—of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.Partially funded 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive the remaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT—B—.A.tuition feesB.loansC.donationsD.corporate contributions4. To be admitted to the Open University, one needs—B—.A.some educational qualificatonsB.no educational qualificationsC.the General Certificate of Education Advanced level.D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education5. Among Britain’s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded asthe “Big Three”EXCEPT—C—.A.The TimesB.The GuardianC.The ObserverD.The Daily Telegraph6. Life On Earth is a kind of —C—program produced by the BBC is popularworldwide.A.radioB.dramaC.documentaryD.soap opera7. —D—is Britain’s top pay television provider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly BritishEXCEPT—A—.A.Trooping the ColorB.the Queen’s Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.the Christmas pantomimeⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schools and vocational schools in Britain.2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What are the general features of Britain’s independent schools?2.What are the “Quality Press”and the “tabloids”in Britain?Chapter 6Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period. —T—2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.—T—3.As a great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homer’s Iliad. —F—4.Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.—F—5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.—F—6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such as “Ode to the West Winds”.—F—7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.—T—8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War Ⅱ.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is—B—.A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet2. —C—is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of independence”.A. “I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud”B.Don JuanC.The preface to Lyrical BalladsD.Prometheus Unbound3.Of Dicken’s novels, —B—is considered most autobiographical.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.Davied CopperfiedC.Oliver TwistD.Great Expectations4. —D—is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19thcentury.A.Robert Louis SetevensonB.John MiltonC.Joseph ConardD.Thomas Hardy5. Of the following books, —C—is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A.Jude the ObscureB.Tess of the d’UrbervillesC.Adam BedeD.The Return of the Native6. —A—is not included in the modernist group.A.Oscar WildeB.Virginia WoolfC.William Bulter YeatsD.T.S.Eliot7. Of the following writers, —B— is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Samuel BeckettB.James JoyceC.William GoldingD.V.S.Naipual8. Waiting for Godot is written by—A—.A.Samuel BeckettB.Geroge OrwellC. William GoldingwranceⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three catergries of Shakespeare’s plays and their representatives?2.What is Critical Realism?3.What are the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19th century?4.What is the stream of consciousness?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is Romanticism?2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the 20th century?Chapter 7Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland. —F—2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe. —F—3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.—T—4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to the British Commonwealth of Nations.—F—5.Ireland’s economy wasn’t affected by World War Ⅱbecause it remained neutral during the war.—F—6.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern counties.—F—7.English is the only official language in Ireland because the majority of people speak it as their mother tongue.—T—8.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith, but of public identity.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. --B-- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6th century BC.A. Hunter-gatherers from BritainB. Celtic tribesC. British invadersD. The Vikings2. Divergent views about --C--resulted in the Irish Civil War.A. the Act of UnionB. the Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceC. the Anglo-Irish TreatyD. the Anglo-Irish Agreement3. --C---was the first Irish President to visit Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.A. Eamon de ValeraB. John A. CostelloC. Mary RobinsonD. Albert Reynolds4. ---D--brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.A. The British recognition of the Irish RepublicB. The signing of the Downing Street DeclarationC. The signing of the Belfast AgreementD. The IRA’s formal declaration of the disarmament in 20055. In Ireland, the head of state is--B---A. the Prime MinisterB. the PresidentC. the British monarchD. the General Governor6. ---C---has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supportspeaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.A. Fine GaelB. The Labor PartyC. Fianna FailD. The Progressive Democrats7. Emigration in Ireland started since the --A--A. medieval periodB. 17th centuryC. Great Potato FamineD. early 18th century8. Ireland now has a --B-- economy.A. agriculture-basedB. knowledge-basedC. industry-basedD. foreign investment-basedⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. Why was Cork given the nickname “the Rebel County”?2. Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?3. Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War Ⅱ？Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1. What is the significance of the following documents: the Act of Union, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement?2. What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?Chapter 8Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country’s continental territory.—T—2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.—T—3.A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.—T—4.New York is composed of five boroughs, including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens.—F—5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywood is located here.—T—6.During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.—T—7.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.—T—8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The U.S. lies in --B--North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its ----and the Pacific to its -----.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, west, east2. The continental United States has--C---states.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353. The state of --A--- is the largest in area of all the U.S. states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4. The longest river in the U.S. is ---B---A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Lake Itasca5. Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated in--C--.A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to --D--A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD. California7. The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into theUnited States, particularly from--A----.A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8. The characteristics of the dominant American culture are--D-A. English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic andmiddle-classB. English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-classⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. How is the American population distributed?2. Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1. Why is the United States regarded as a “melting pot” and a “salad bowl”?2. What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?Chapter 9Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.—F—2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Phiadelphia,and the Continental Army and Navy was established under the command of Thomas Jerfferson.—T—3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.—F—4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.—T—5.In1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.—F—6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on Septemble11,2001. —T—7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of the evil”.—F—8.On March 20,2003,American and United Nations’troops, supposed by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at—C—in——.A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston, MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,Gergia2. The Seven Years’War occurred between—C—.A.the French and the American IndiansB.the French and the SpanishC.the French and the BritishD. the British and the American Indians3. “No taxation without representation”was the rallying slogan of—D—.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies4. In May 1775, —B—was held in Phiadelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a provisional government.A.the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC.the Boston Tea PartyD.the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued the —C—to grant freedom to all slaves.A.Declaration of IndependenceB.ConstitutionC.Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights6. The policy of the United States was —A—at the beginning of the twoWorld Wars.A.nuetralityB.full involvementC.partial involvementD.appeasement7. President —C— introduced the NⅡew Deal to deal with the problems ofthe Great Depression.A.WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy8. The Vietanam War was a long time suffering for Americans,and itscontinued throughout the terms of president—D—.A.Johnson,Nixon and FordB.Truman,Eisenhower and KennedyC.Kennedy,Johnson and NixonD.Eisenhower,kennedy and Johnson Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why did American change its policy and enter World War Ⅱ?2.What were Nixon’s well known contributions during his presidency?3.What were the measure s of Reagan’s economic program?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What was the course of the American Civil War?2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War Ⅱ?Chapter 10Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).—F—1.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.—T—2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.—F—3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.—T—4.The judicial branch of the US federal government consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts. —F—5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.—T—6.The American presidential campaigns adhere to the “winner-takes-all”practice.—F—7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality. —T—8.The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The US.Constitution came into effect in –B--A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D.17932. The Constitution of the United States --C--A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power tothe presidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Right –B--A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the US specific individual rights and freedomC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has norelationship with the Constitution.4.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __D_ and ___ yearsreapectively.A. 2;4B.2;3C. 2;6D.6;25. All the following can make legislative proposals EXCEPT –C--A. the senatorB. the RepresentativeC. the secretary of stateD. the president6.The following are all powers of the President EXCEPT CA. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD.issuing executive orders7. The Supreme Court is composed of __D_ justicesA. 6B. 7C. 8D.98. The president is directly voted into office by _C__A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and therepresentativesⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.what are the two characteristics of the us constitution?2.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?3.what are the major powers of the Supreme Court?4.what are the differences between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of political ideology.Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?2.what was President Eisenhower’s foreign policy and what were the consequences?Chapter 11Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F). —T—1.America is the world’s largest industrial nation.—T—2.In the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importance of ‘intellectual property’ could be identified.—F—3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations in the South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.—F—4. President Roosevelt’s New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s—F—5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business. —T—6. American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.—T—7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.—F—8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the world economy.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields EXCEPT __C_A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2. The modern American economy progressed from___ to____, and then to __C__A. a colonial economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyB. a farming economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyC. a colonial economy, a farming economy, an industrial economyD. a handcraft economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy。

英语国家概况谢福之课后答案

英语国家概况（谢福之主编）课后答案一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.3. A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff4.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of overmillion.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 165.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. NorthernIreland6.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD.southwestern7.English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman8.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek9.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish10.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard formof .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD.pronunciation11.At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth12.The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic13.By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity14.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great15.The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law16.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster17.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effortto .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power overthe church18.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians19. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta20.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning ofthe century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th22.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between threeof the following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive23.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude24.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House ofCommons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect25.British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals26.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervisethe Cabinet27.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six28. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland29.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD.multi-party30.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism31.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved publictransportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economicdevelopment32.The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s33.In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194834.The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem35.Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefitsperiodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions36.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspectsexcept .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality37.Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%38.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain andIreland39.Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in thecountry.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/340.The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD.privately-owned41.Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD.manufacturing industry42.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools wereended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s43.About of British children receive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%44.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receivetheir remaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporatecontributions45.Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’suniversities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references46.To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educationalqualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National VocationalQualifications47.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the“Big Three” with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The DailyTelegraph48.Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popularamong 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soapopera49. is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB50.Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas51.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime52.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet53. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound54.Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations55. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19thcentury.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy56.Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms ofNeo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.57. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot58.Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native59.Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.60.Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S.Naipaul61.Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H.Lawrence62.The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3563.The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida64.The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico tothe south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west65.The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River66.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest67. is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and LakeOntario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake68.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks69.The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD.Asians70.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the UnitedStates, particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. SouthAmerica71.The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class72.The first successful English colony in North America was founded atin .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia73.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecutionin England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD.Christians74.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians75.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies76.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston77.In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functionsof a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second ContinentalCongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation78.Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights79.The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two worldwars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD.appeasement80.President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy81.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson82.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179383.The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court84.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights andfreedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution85.The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes86.All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President87.The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders88.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above89.The terms for a Senator and Representative are and yearsrespectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two90.The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine91.The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 yearsoldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators andrepresentatives92.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the followingfields except .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals93.The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy94.Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority95.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urgeof .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton96.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD.refrigerator97.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing variousprograms like the following except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension98.About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth99.The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agriculturalimports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.100. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors 101.At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%102.Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD.private103.Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education 104.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University105.Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges106.Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll107.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits108.Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute ofTechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University109. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it hasa reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News110.Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public BroadcastingService (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American BroadcastingSystem (ABS)111.The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th112.Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & JonathanEdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & WashingtonIrving113. is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving114.Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature115.Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller116.Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view117.Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. HermanMelville118. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature119.Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls120.Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. EugeneO’Neil121. is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. JamesBaldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.()9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.()5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.( )6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.( )7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.( )8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople. )9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory. )10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,QueenElizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government. )2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.( )3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.( )6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected. )7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.( )8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.( )2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period. )3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.( )5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.( )6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.( )7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.( )8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.( )10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.( )Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.( )3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.( )4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.( )5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.( )6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.( )7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening. )8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper( )9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.( )10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions. ) Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.( )3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity andthe need to avenge his father's murder.(4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.( )5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.( )6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.( )7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".( )8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.( )10.V.S.Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.( )Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.( )2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.( )3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.( )4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.( )5.To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war.( )6.With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties.( )7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.( )8.In Ireland, both the House of Representatives and the Senate have the power of making laws.( )9.English is the only official language in Ireland, because the majority of people speak it as their tongue. )10.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith.( Chapter 81.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country's continental territory. )2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate,with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.( )3.Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south,runs a well--known。

英语国家概况课后习题(附答案).doc

英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）Chapter 1Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.—T—2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.—F—3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.—F—4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.—F—5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls bello w-10℃in January.—T—6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.—T—7.The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. —F—8.English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are—A—A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ShcotlandC.Great Britain and EnglandD.Great Britain and England2. —B—is the capital city of Scotland.A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.LondonD.Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, —D—is the smallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland4. English belongs to the —C—group of the Indo-European family oflanguages.A.CelticB.NormanC.GermanticD.Roman5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of -—D—words to English.A.Danish and FinnishB.Dutch and GermanC.French and Italiantin and Greek6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the—A—influence.A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish7. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standardform of—C—.8. At present,nearly —C—of the world’s populations communicate inEnglish.A.halfB.a quarterC.one thirdD.one fifthⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland?2.How many periods can the development of the English language be dividedintoand what are they?3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.Who are the British people?2.What is Standard English?Chapter 2Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.—T—2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5th century.—F—3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.—T—4.The Viking began to attack the English coast in the 8th century. —T—5.Henry Ⅱbuilt up a large empire which included England and most of france.—F—6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and townspeople.—F—7.The Hundred Years’War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.—T—8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth Ⅰactually defended the fruit the Reformation. Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The—D—attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC.CelticD.Germanic2. By the late 7th century, —D—became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo Saxons ChristianityC.Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. The—C—marked the establishment of feudualism in England.A.Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.adoption of common law4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of—C—A.the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster5. The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Ⅷ’s effortto—A—.A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantD.declare his supreme power over the church6. The English Civil War broke out in1642 between —B—A.the Protestant and the PuritansB.the Royalist and the ParliamentarianC.the nobles and the peasantsD.the aristocrats and the Christians7. —A—was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.The Bill of RightsB.The Act of SupremacyC.The Provisions of OxfordD.The Magna Carta8. The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle ofthe —C—century.A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20thⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What were Queen Victoria’s major achievements?2.What were the two camps in the World WarⅠ?3.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the Uinited States after World War Ⅱ?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?2.Explain the rise and fall of the British Empire.Chapter 3Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F). —T—1.Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.—F—2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.—F—3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.—F—4.The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.—F—5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.—T—6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.—F—7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.—T—8.The legal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers betweenthree of the following branchs EXCEPT the—C—.A.judiciaryB.legislatureC.monarchyD.executive2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on—D—.A.passing billsB.advising the gowernmentsC.political partiesD.public attitude3. As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected to—B—the Houseof Commons.A.rivalplementC.criticizeD.inspect4. —A—is at the center of the British political system.A.The CabinetB.The House of LordsC.The House of CommonsD.The Privy Council5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to —B—.A.make decisionsB.give adviceC.pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet6. Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a —B—system.A.single partyB.two partyC.three partyD.multi party7. The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand—D—.ernment interventionB.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reformD.a belief in individualiam8. In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every—C—years.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.sixⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?2.What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?3.Why are independent candidates unlikely towin in the general elections? Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during the processof a general election?2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Chapter 4Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.—T—2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.—F—3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent. —F—4.Thatcher’s revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the British economic and social problems.—T—5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.—T—6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.—F—7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.—T—8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The —A—in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisisB.high inflation ratesrge importsD.unemployment problem2. Of the following practices, —C—did not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A.reducing child benefitsB.shortening the period of unemployment benefitsC.reducing unemploymentD.lowering old age pension3. The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT—D—.A.limiting government spendingB.keeping inflation under controlC.reducing unemploymentD.reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted about—C—of its land area to agriculture.A.50%B.60%C.70%D.80%5. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT—D—.A.the North SeaB.the English ChannelC.the area around the Irish coastD.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6. Coal mining industry in Britain provides—B—of the energy consumed inthe country.A.one thirdB.one fourthC.one fifthD.two thirds7. The car industry in Britain is mostly —A—.A.foreign ownedB.state ownedC.joint ownedD.privately owned8. Of the following sectors in Britain, —C—has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of the World War Ⅱ.A.agricultureB.the energy industryC.the service sectorD.the manufacturing industryⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early 1980s.2.What are the charactoristics of Britain’sagriculture?3.What happened to Britain’s beef industry in the mid 1990s?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the major causes of Britain’s relative economic decline in thepostwar period?2.Why do developed nations like Britian encourage the development of the service industry?Chapter 5Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.—F—cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.—F—3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independent system.—T—4.When children finish their schooling at 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examination.—T—5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools. —F—6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.—F—7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world. —T—8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs and traditions.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. In Britain,the division between grammer schools and vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the —D—.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s2. Over—C—of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.Partially funded 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive the remaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT—B—.A.tuition feesB.loansC.donationsD.corporate contributions4. To be admitted to the Open University, one needs—B—.A.some educational qualificatonsB.no educational qualificationsC.the General Certificate of Education Advanced level.D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education5. Among Britain’s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded asthe “Big Three”EXCEPT—C—.A.The TimesB.The GuardianC.The ObserverD.The Daily Telegraph6. Life On Earth is a kind of —C—program produced by the BBC is popularworldwide.A.radioB.dramaC.documentaryD.soap opera7. —D—is Britain’s top pay television provider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly BritishEXCEPT—A—.A.Trooping the ColorB.the Queen’s Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.the Christmas pantomimeⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schools and vocational schools in Britain.2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What are the general features of Britain’s independent schools?2.What are the “Quality Press”and the “tabloids”in Britain?Chapter 6Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period. —T—2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.—T—3.As a great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homer’s Iliad. —F—4.Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.—F—5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.—F—6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such as “Ode to the West Winds”.—F—7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.—T—8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War Ⅱ.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is—B—.A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet2. —C—is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of independence”.A. “I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud”B.Don JuanC.The preface to Lyrical BalladsD.Prometheus Unbound3.Of Dicken’s novels, —B—is considered most autobiographical.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.Davied CopperfiedC.Oliver TwistD.Great Expectations4. —D—is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19thcentury.A.Robert Louis SetevensonB.John MiltonC.Joseph ConardD.Thomas Hardy5. Of the following books, —C—is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A.Jude the ObscureB.Tess of the d’UrbervillesC.Adam BedeD.The Return of the Native6. —A—is not included in the modernist group.A.Oscar WildeB.Virginia WoolfC.William Bulter YeatsD.T.S.Eliot7. Of the following writers, —B— is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Samuel BeckettB.James JoyceC.William GoldingD.V.S.Naipual8. Waiting for Godot is written by—A—.A.Samuel BeckettB.Geroge OrwellC. William GoldingwranceⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three catergries of Shakespeare’s plays and their representatives?2.What is Critical Realism?3.What are the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19th century?4.What is the stream of consciousness?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is Romanticism?2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the 20th century?Chapter 7Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland. —F—2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe. —F—3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.—T—4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to the British Commonwealth of Nations.—F—5.Ireland’s economy wasn’t affected by World War Ⅱbecause it remained neutral during the war.—F—6.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern counties.—F—7.English is the only official language in Ireland because the majority of people speak it as their mother tongue.—T—8.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith, but of public identity.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. --B-- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6th century BC.A. Hunter-gatherers from BritainB. Celtic tribesC. British invadersD. The Vikings2. Divergent views about --C--resulted in the Irish Civil War.A. the Act of UnionB. the Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceC. the Anglo-Irish TreatyD. the Anglo-Irish Agreement3. --C---was the first Irish President to visit Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.A. Eamon de ValeraB. John A. CostelloC. Mary RobinsonD. Albert Reynolds4. ---D--brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.A. The British recognition of the Irish RepublicB. The signing of the Downing Street DeclarationC. The signing of the Belfast AgreementD. The IRA’s formal declaration of the disarmament in 20055. In Ireland, the head of state is--B---A. the Prime MinisterB. the PresidentC. the British monarchD. the General Governor6. ---C---has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supportspeaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.A. Fine GaelB. The Labor PartyC. Fianna FailD. The Progressive Democrats7. Emigration in Ireland started since the --A--A. medieval periodB. 17th centuryC. Great Potato FamineD. early 18th century8. Ireland now has a --B-- economy.A. agriculture-basedB. knowledge-basedC. industry-basedD. foreign investment-basedⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. Why was Cork given the nickname “the Rebel County”?2. Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?3. Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War Ⅱ？Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1. What is the significance of the following documents: the Act of Union, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement?2. What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?Chapter 8Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —F—1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country’s continental territory.—T—2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.—T—3.A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.—T—4.New York is composed of five boroughs, including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens.—F—5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywood is located here.—T—6.During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.—T—7.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.—T—8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The U.S. lies in --B--North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its ----and the Pacific to its -----.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, west, east2. The continental United States has--C---states.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353. The state of --A--- is the largest in area of all the U.S. states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4. The longest river in the U.S. is ---B---A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Lake Itasca5. Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated in--C--.A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to --D--A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD. California7. The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into theUnited States, particularly from--A----.A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8. The characteristics of the dominant American culture are--D-A. English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic andmiddle-classB. English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-classⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1. How is the American population distributed?2. Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1. Why is the United States regarded as a “melting pot” and a “salad bowl”?2. What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?Chapter 9Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F). —T—1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.—F—2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Phiadelphia,and the Continental Army and Navy was established under the command of Thomas Jerfferson.—T—3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.—F—4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.—T—5.In1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.—F—6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on Septemble11,2001. —T—7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of the evil”.—F—8.On March 20,2003,American and United Nations’troops, supposed by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1. The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at—C—in——.A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston, MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,Gergia2. The Seven Years’War occurred between—C—.A.the French and the American IndiansB.the French and the SpanishC.the French and the BritishD. the British and the American Indians3. “No taxation without representation”was the rallying slogan of—D—.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies4. In May 1775, —B—was held in Phiadelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a provisional government.A.the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC.the Boston Tea PartyD.the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued the —C—to grant freedom to all slaves.A.Declaration of IndependenceB.ConstitutionC.Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights6. The policy of the United States was —A—at the beginning of the twoWorld Wars.A.nuetralityB.full involvementC.partial involvementD.appeasement7. President —C— introduced the NⅡew Deal to deal with the problems ofthe Great Depression.A.WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy8. The Vietanam War was a long time suffering for Americans,and itscontinued throughout the terms of president—D—.A.Johnson,Nixon and FordB.Truman,Eisenhower and KennedyC.Kennedy,Johnson and NixonD.Eisenhower,kennedy and Johnson Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why did American change its policy and enter World War Ⅱ?2.What were Nixon’s well known contributions during his presidency?3.What were the measure s of Reagan’s economic program?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What was the course of the American Civil War?2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War Ⅱ?Chapter 10Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).—F—1.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.—T—2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.—F—3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.—T—4.The judicial branch of the US federal government consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts. —F—5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.—T—6.The American presidential campaigns adhere to the “winner-takes-all”practice.—F—7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality. —T—8.The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The US.Constitution came into effect in –B--A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D.17932. The Constitution of the United States --C--A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power tothe presidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Right –B--A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the US specific individual rights and freedomC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has norelationship with the Constitution.4.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __D_ and ___ yearsreapectively.A. 2;4B.2;3C. 2;6D.6;25. All the following can make legislative proposals EXCEPT –C--A. the senatorB. the RepresentativeC. the secretary of stateD. the president6.The following are all powers of the President EXCEPT CA. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD.issuing executive orders7. The Supreme Court is composed of __D_ justicesA. 6B. 7C. 8D.98. The president is directly voted into office by _C__A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and therepresentativesⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.what are the two characteristics of the us constitution?2.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?3.what are the major powers of the Supreme Court?4.what are the differences between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of political ideology.Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?2.what was President Eisenhower’s foreign policy and what were the consequences?Chapter 11Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F). —T—1.America is the world’s largest industrial nation.—T—2.In the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importance of ‘intellectual property’ could be identified.—F—3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations in the South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.—F—4. President Roosevelt’s New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s—F—5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business. —T—6. American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.—T—7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.—F—8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the world economy.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields EXCEPT __C_A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2. The modern American economy progressed from___ to____, and then to __C__A. a colonial economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyB. a farming economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyC. a colonial economy, a farming economy, an industrial economyD. a handcraft economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy。

英语国家概况课后练习题含答案

英语国家概况课后练习题含答案本文是针对英语语言学习者的课后练习题，主要讲述英语国家的概况。

本练习题包含11个问题，每个问题后面都有答案。

希望大家认真答题并检查答案。

问题1列举五个英语为官方语言的国家。

解答1.英国2.美国3.加拿大4.澳大利亚5.新西兰问题2世界上英语人口最多的国家是哪个？解答印度问题3英语是最受欢迎的第几种语言？解答英语是全球第三受欢迎的语言，仅次于汉语和西班牙语。

什么是英联邦？解答英联邦是一个由英国的前英属领地、加入议会组织的英国自由联邦和其他英国殖民地及其后代组成的政治组织。

该组织成立于1931年，总部设在伦敦。

问题5哪些国家属于英联邦？解答1.加拿大2.澳大利亚3.新西兰4.英国5.印度6.南非7.爱尔兰8.纳米比亚9.约旦10.喀麦隆问题6英联邦最早由哪些国家组成？解答英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和南非。

英语是联合国的官方语言之一，正确吗？解答正确。

英语是联合国的6种官方语言之一，同时也是国际奥林匹克运动会、国际足球联合会和国际铁路运输联盟的官方语言之一。

问题8哪些国家的国旗上有英国旗的设计？解答1.澳大利亚2.新西兰3.萨摩亚4.密克罗尼西亚联邦5.图瓦卢6.弗基岛问题9哪些国家的货币为英镑？解答1.英国2.泽西岛3.根西岛4.圣赫勒拿哪个国家是英语文学的发源地？解答英格兰问题11英语文化中著名的复活节岛在哪个国家？解答智利至此，课后练习题完整结束。

希望以上内容能够帮助大家了解英语国家的概况，同时也巩固英语语言学习的知识。

英语国家概况课后习题答案解析(完整版)

一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of overmillion.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. NorthernIreland5.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard formof .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD.pronunciation10.At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11.The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12.By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14.The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effortto .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power overthe church17.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of thecentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by thebeginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between threeof the following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House ofCommons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet26.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six27. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD.multi-party29.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatismand .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved publictransportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31.The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32.In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833.The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem34.Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspectsexcept .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36.Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38.Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in thecountry.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339.The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned40.Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growthsince the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry41.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools wereended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s42.About of British children receive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receivetheir remaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions44.Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’suniversities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45.To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National Vocational Qualifications46.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the“Big Three” with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47.Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popularamong 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera48. is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49.Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas50.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19thcentury.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55.Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms ofNeo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57.Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58.Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59.Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S. Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H. Lawrence61.The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562.The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63.The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico tothe south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64.The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT arelocated .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66. is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and LakeOntario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68.The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians69.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the UnitedStates, particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America70.The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71.The first successful English colony in North America was founded atin .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecutionin England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD.Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76.In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functionsof a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77.Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights78.The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two worldwars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79.President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy80.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes85.All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86.The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88.The terms for a Senator and Representative are and yearsrespectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two89.The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90.The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fieldsexcept .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urgeof .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing variousprograms like the following except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98.The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors100.At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101.Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private102.Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education 103.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of . A. Yale University B. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University104.Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107.Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University108. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109.Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS)110.The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th 111.Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving 112. is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113.Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114.Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller115.Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116.Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville117.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature118.Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119.Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neil 120. is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(F)4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part ofthe United Kingdom.(F)5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(T)7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(F)8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.(T)9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T)10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F)Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.(F)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F)3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(F)2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.(T)3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder.(T)4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.(T)5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.(F)6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.(F)7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".(F)8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(F)9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.(T)10.V.S.Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.(T)Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.(F)2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.(F)3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.(F)4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.(T)5.To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war.(F)6.With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties.(F)7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.(F)8.In Ireland, both the House of Representatives and the Senate have the power of making laws.(F)9.English is the only official language in Ireland, because the majority of people speak it as their tongue.(F)10.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith.(T)Chapter 81.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country's continental territory.(F)2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate,with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.(T)3.Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south,runs a well--known 50-centimeter rainfall line.(T)4.New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States , and it is composed of five boroughs including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island, and Queens.(T)5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here.(F)6.Half of the U.S. Population lives in the western metropolitan centers.(F)7.The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms in the North.(F)8.During the 1830s and 1840s, many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to。

英语国家概况_谢福之_课后答案

英语国家概况_谢福之_课后答案英语国家概况（谢福之主编）课后答案一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1. The two main islands of the British Isles are A. Great Britain and Ireland B. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3. According to a 2022年estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 164. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5. Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6. English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman7. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords toEnglish.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek8. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation10. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11. The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12. By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of A. St. Augustine B. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of A. the House of Valois B. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to A. divorce his wife B. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church17. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 betweenA. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21. The British government is characterized by a division of powersbetween three of thefollowing branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on A. passing the bills B. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect24. British Cabinet works on the principle of A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet26. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six27. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it A. set up the National Health Service B. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31. The British economy achieved global dominance by the A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32. In A. 1945 B. 1946 C. 1947 D. 194833. The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem34. Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except A. limiting government spending B. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36. Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the followi ng except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38. Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/339. The car industry in Britain in mostly A. foreign-owned B. state-owned C. joint-venture D. privately-owned40. Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since theend of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry41. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by theintroduction of comprehensive schools in the A. 1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1960s42. About of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remainingfunds from all the following sources except A. tuition fees B. loans C. donations D. corporate contributions44. Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45. To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National Vocational Qualifications46. Among Britain’s qu ality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the DBig Three‖with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47. Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera48. is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB49. Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas50. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Chri stmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s DDeclaration of Independence.‖A. DI Wond ered Lonely as a Cloud‖B. Don JuanC. DPreface to Lyrical Ballads‖D. Prometheus Unbound53. Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas Hardy55. Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in DArt for Art’s Sake‖.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar WildB. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot57. Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the Native58. Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the DBloomsbury Group‖.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59. Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC. William GoldingD. V. S. Naipaul60. Waiting for Godot is written by A. Samuel Beckett B. George Orwell C. William Golding D. D. H. Lawrence61. The United States has states on the continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 3562. The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its and the Pacific to its A. northern, east, west B. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64. The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located A. in the South B. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66. is located on the U. S. CCanadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67. The native Alaskan population includes the following except the A. Indians B. Eskimos C. Aleuts D. Blacks68. The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. Asians69. The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States,particularly from A. Europe B. Asia C. Africa D. South America70. The characteristic of dominant American culture is A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in A. Jamestown, Louisiana B. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia72. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution inEngland.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians73. The Seven Years’ War occurred between the A. French and American Indians B. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians74. DNo taxation without representation‖ was the rallying slogan of A. the settlers of Virginia B. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies75. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired inA. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston76. In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of anational government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77. Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights78. The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79. President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy80. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout theterms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in A. 1787 B. 1789 C. 1791D. 179382. The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83. The Bill of Rights A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84. The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes85. All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86. The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87. According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88. The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two89. The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90. The President is directly voted into office by A. all citizens of America B. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91. America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fieldsexcept A. machinery B. automobiles C. ore D. chemicals92. The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually,to A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93. Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95. The following inventions took place during the Dsecond industrial revolution‖except A. typewriter B. telephone C. electric light D. refrigerator96. President Johnson tried to build a DGreat Society‖ by introducing various programs like thefollowing except A. Medicare B. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97. About of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98. The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farmenterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors 100. At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101. Formal education in the United States consists of A. kindergarten B. public C. elementary D. private102. Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education103. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of A. Yale University B. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University104. Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105. Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S.institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106. To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate stude nts are required to do the followingexcept A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107. Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University108. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for itsserious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109. Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks inAmerica.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS) 110. The National Day of the United States falls on A. June 4th B. July 4th C. June 14th D. July 14th 111. Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe Washington Irving 112. is regarded as Dthe father of Ameri can literature‖.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113. Of the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114. Of the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller115. Of the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116. Of the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville 117. F. Scot t Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature118. Of the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119. Of the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neil 120. is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A. Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章A B C D B C D A C B第二章D D B C C A B A C D三C D B A B C C B D A四C B A C D C D B A C五D B B A B C C D D A六B C B D C A C D B A八C A B B C C D B A D九C B C D B B C A C D十B C B B C C D D D C十一C C D D D D B B D A十二C B B B D C B B B B十三C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.(4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quitesignificant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.()9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.()5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.( )6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.( )7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.( )8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople. )9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought betweenEngland and Normans foe trade and territory. )10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government. )2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.( )3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.( )6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected. )7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.( )8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.( Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.( )2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period. )3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.( )5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.( )6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.( )7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.( )8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.( )10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.( )Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.( )3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.( )4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to takea national GCSE examination.( )5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.( )6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.( )7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening. )8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper( )9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.( )10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions. )Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old EnglishPeriod.(2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.( )3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder.(4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.( )5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.( )6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.( )7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as “Ode to t he West Wind".( )8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.( )10.V.S.Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.( ) Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.( )2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.( )3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.( )4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.( )5.To support the government's neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war.( )6.With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 without difficulties.( )7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.( )8.In Ireland, both the House of Representatives and the Senate have the power of making laws.( )9.English is the only official language in Ireland, because the majority of people speak it as their tongue. )10.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith.(Chapter 81.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country's continental territory. )2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate,with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.( )3.Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south,runs。

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Chapter 1 land and people
1.what are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth
The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian.
2.Describe the geographical position of Britian
Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe.It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.
3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland
The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.
4.Does Britain have a favourable climate why
Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot.It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year.It has a small range of temperature,too.
5.what are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest
The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three:1)The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences;2)the prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate;3)the North Atlantic Drift,a warm current,passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.
The northwestern part has the most rainfall,while the south-eastern corner is the driest. 6.Describe the distribution of Britain’s population.
Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated, with an average of
237people per square kilometre. It is also very unevenly distributed , with 90%of the population in urban areas,10% in rural areas. Geographically, most British people live in England. Of the total of 57 million people, 47 million live in England, 14 million live in London and Southeastern England.
7.What are the three natural zones in Scotland
The three natural zones in Scotland are : the Highlands in the north, the central Lowlands ,and the southern Uplands.
8.What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welsh and Irish The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons,while the Scots,Welsh and rish are Celts.
9.What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive
The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people.The Scots are hospitable ,generous and friendly.Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls.
Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau.On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry,music,singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive.
10.What is the main problem in Northern Ireland
Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland.Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics.The former are the dominant group,while the latter are seeking more
social,plitical and economic apportunities.The british Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.。

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