2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习16

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2012中考英语复习要点:十二式英语语法集锦

2012中考英语复习要点:十二式英语语法集锦

2012中考英语复习要点:十二式英语语法集锦语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。

因此,单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。

而九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中毕业班学生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。

总之,语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。

语法知识掌握得好,将大大加快英语学习的进程。

本文归纳了词法、九种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握五种基本从句。

希望对广大考生们有所帮助。

一。

词法1。

名词1。

1名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量,它有单数与复数两种形式。

不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。

物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目,来统计,都成为不可数名词。

不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量,没有复数形式。

要表示“一个……”这一概念,就须加apieceof这一类短语。

要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词,在英语里却不可数。

如:chalk,paper,bread,rice,grass,news等。

1。

2名词复数的规则变化A。

一般情况下加-s。

B。

以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的加-esC。

以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD。

以f,fe结尾的,去掉f或fe,变成v再加-es1。

3名词的所有格A。

单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词词尾若没有s,也要加’s。

如:theworker‘sbike,theChildren’sballB。

表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加’s若表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后’s。

如:ThisisLucyandLicy’sroom。

TheseareKate‘sandjack’srooms。

C。

如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词,只加’。

如:thestudents’books,thegirls’blouses(另外:名词+of+名词名词是有生命的,我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。

如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。

2012年中考英语语法总结

2012年中考英语语法总结

2012年中考英语语法总结1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump2 (比较级 and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够…… eg : She is able to sing She c an sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from…… 和什么不一样34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好36 be from = come from 来自 eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原)将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother49 be mad at 生某人的气50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72 be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句76 because+句子 because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home78 between…and… 两者之间79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend him money82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点带某人去某地87 come in 进88 come over to 过来89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗?90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州?92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词不要介意……99 each +名(单)每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison 犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing(名词)110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her113 get /have sth down 做完,被(别人)做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了)Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of126 go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学) 127 good way to 好方法128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 132 have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方have gone to …(地方)去了某地还没回来133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做135 have to do sth 必须做某事136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137 have…time +doi ng138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用处141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面) help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth 希望做某事143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145 if : 是否=wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148 in some ways 在某些方面149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方(north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东)151 in the sun 在太阳下152 increase 增加eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now153 instead of +(名)代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果,而不要梨子I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160 It's +adj(for sb) to do(对某人来说)做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了164 join = take part in 参加165 just now 刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样?167 keep out 不让…… 进入168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康169 key to +名词表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke172 learn by oneslfe 自学173 learn from sb 向某人学习 eg: We should learn from Lei Feng174 learn to do sth 学做某事175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg : We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from :离某地远178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan179 look after = take care of 照顾照看180 lose one's way 谁迷路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you183 make it early 把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写189 make up be made up of (被动语态)由……组成190 make…difference to…191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么192 most +名 most of +代193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (实义动词) need do (情态动词)198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199 no +名词200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not… (形、副)at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all202 not…at all 一点都不203 not…either 表否定,也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐204 not…until 直到……才……eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210 on time 准时 in time 及时211 one day =some day =someday 一天,有一天212 one of +可数名词的复数形式213 one to another 一个到另一个214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱,付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pore into221 practice +doing 练习做某事222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案224 rather…than 宁可……也不……eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生,也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫225 regard…as 把……当作……eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229 say to oneself 对自己说230 say to sb 对某人说231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?239 shock 使……震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊,是你呀!吓我一跳240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others… 一些……另一些……244 start…with… 从……开始begin…with… 从……开始245 stay away from 远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时,我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥,你最好远离甜食246 stop doing 停下正在做的事247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250 such +名这样,这种251 suit sb 适合某人252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253 take classes 上课254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital255 take walks = take a walk = go for a walk 散步256 ①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him③ talk of 谈到eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于……257 talk with sb 和某人说话258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263 tell…from…264 thank you for +doing265 the same +名词(doing)+as……266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同267 the way to do sth = the way of doing st做某方面的方法the way to +地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English268 the way to…(地点)到哪的269 too…to… 太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能… so…that +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to schoolHe is old enough to go to school = He is so old that he can go to school270 transalte ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么,但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么,已经做过了eg :He tried to climb 他想爬上去,但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去,已经做过了274 try…试衣服 have a try 试一下 275 turn down 开小←→ turn up 开大276 turn off 关上←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开 277 upside down 倒着278 visit to… 参观某个地方 279 wait for sb 等某人。

2012年中考英语语法总复习之时态总结(完整)

2012年中考英语语法总复习之时态总结(完整)

中考英语语法:16种英语时态总结归纳《16种英语时态总结归纳》时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。

因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。

英语时态分为16种:一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时,以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。

1. 一般现在时用法:A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。

B) 习惯用语。

C) 经常性、习惯性动作。

例:He always helps others. (他总是帮助别人。

)D) 客观事实和普遍真理。

尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般现在时,则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。

E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词)可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。

常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。

例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.(下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。

)How often does this shuttle bus run? (这班车多久一趟?)F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在(有时也用现在完成时)表示将来事情。

例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。

)2. 现在进行时(be doing)用法:现在正在进行的动作。

3. 现在完成时(have done)用法:A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。

例:I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell答案是C) haven't sold。

九年级英语知识点16

九年级英语知识点16

九年级英语知识点16九年级英语知识点16主要包括以下几个内容:过去完成时、情态动词、非谓语动词以及现在完成进行时。

一、过去完成时过去完成时是用来表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。

它的构成是由had加上过去分词形成。

1.用法过去完成时常用于表示过去某个时间点之前发生的动作。

例如:- I had already finished my homework before my mom came back.- She had studied English for several years before she went to college.2.标志词过去完成时的标志词有:before, after, already, by the time, until 等。

二、情态动词情态动词是用来表达说话人对某种行为或状态的情感色彩,或者表示推测、批评、建议等用途的动词。

常见的情态动词有can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would等。

1.用法情态动词用于表示能力、可能性、许可、义务、建议、推测等。

例如:- He can swim very well.- You should finish your homework before going out.2.常见搭配情态动词常与动词原形连用,也可以与have + 过去分词连用来表示完成的动作。

三、非谓语动词非谓语动词是独立使用而不作谓语部分的动词形式,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。

非谓语动词在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。

1.不定式(to + 动词原形)不定式作为非谓语动词可以作为动词的补语、宾语、定语或状语等。

例如:- I want to learn how to play the piano.- This is a good book to read.2.动名词(动词+ing)动名词作为非谓语动词可以作主语、宾语、定语或状语等。

2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习6

2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习6

[正]
[析] 在门牌号码前要用 at, 并要注意它的惯用法: at the end of the street, at the
foot of the mountain, at the top of the page

[误]
[正] There is a colour TV set in
[析] 在屋内的角落应用 in ,而墙的外角用 at ,如: There is a tree at the corner of
[析] at the begining 与 at the end 都是指某事物的开始与结束部分,均不指时间范围,
而 in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。 in the end = at last 是指 " 最终,终于 " 之意。
[误]
[正]
[析] by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点,其意思为
而 behind 则多用于静态事
物之后。
[误] There is a beauti
[正]
[析] 树上长出的果实,树叶要用 on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用
[误]
[正]
[析] 在表达地理位置时有 3 个介词: in, on, to 。 in 表示在某范围之内 ; on 表示与某
地区接壤; to 则表示不相接。如:
/ month / year.
或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter
等等。
[误]
[正]
[析] in the morning, in the afternoon
如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的
介词都要改为 on, 如:
[误] He became a writter at his t

2012年中考英语语法知识难点大全和练习1

2012年中考英语语法知识难点大全和练习1

英语语法知识难点(一)形容词和副词A.形容词1、形容词的用法:形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。

如:He is honest and hardworking.I found the book interesting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。

如:The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.The English like to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。

如:the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.2、形容词比较等级的形式(1)规则形式一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如:great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiestimportant-more important-(the)most important(2)不规则形式(必须背诵默写得出来)good (well)-better-best bad (ill)-worse-worst many (much)-more-mostlittle-less-least(3)形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:He is cleverer than the other boys.This one is more beautiful than that one.②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如:He is the cleverest boy in his class.③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如:He is as tall as I.I have as many books as you.④越…越…例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好。

2012年中考英语语法复习:限定动词与非限定动词

2012年中考英语语法复习:限定动词与非限定动词

限定动词与非限定动词(Finite and Non-finite Verbs)限定动词限定动词在句子当中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制e.g. He can speak both English and French.非限定动词非限定动词在句中不可单独用作谓语,不受主语的人称和数的限制;它在句中可以用作其他句子成分。

非限定动词有三种,即不定式、动名词和分词不定式一般由“to+动词原形”构成,在句中可担任各种成分 e.g. I hope to see you soon.动名词有些动词的ing形式可起名词的作用,在句中也可但人很多成分e.g. Seeing is believing.分词分词有两种,现在分词和过去分词,这两种分词可构成谓语外,还可用作句子的很多成分 e.g. She seemed surprised.动词不定式动词不定式是一种非限定动词,分为带to的不定式(to+动词原形)和不带to 的不定式。

动词不定式不能单独用作谓语动词,不受主语的人称和数的限制,但保留动词的性质,可以有自己的宾语和状语,并且有进行时、完成时,被动语态的变化;同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

动词不定式的完成式、进行式和被动语态动词不定式有一般式、完成式、进行式、主动语态、被动语态。

下面以动词do为例,列表如下:时态语态主动语态被动语态一般式to do to be done完成式to have done to have been done进行式to be doing动词不定式的一般式表示动词不定式的动作与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或之后发生。

e.g. You must help me to do the cooking this afternoon.(help和do两个动作同时发生)I hope to see you again.(to see这个动作发生在hope之后)动词不定式的完成式强调不定式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

中考英语语法考点知识复习:名词所有格的用法

中考英语语法考点知识复习:名词所有格的用法

中考英语语法考点知识复习:名词所有格的用法2012年中考英语考点17名词所有格的用法1 名词的格的种类英语名词有三个格,即主格、宾格和所有格。

名词的主格和宾格形式相同,所以它们又统称作通格。

当名词用作主语、宾语、表语时,用通格。

英语名词的所有格表示所属关系,它分-’s 所有格和 f 所有格两种形式。

T lves ar (T 为主格,ar 为宾格,均为通格形式)T’s best friend is ar (T’s 是所有格,ar 为通格)The title f the b is interesting (f the b 为所有格)2 -’s所有格的构成方法(1) 一般情况(包括单数名词和不带词尾s的复数名词)加-’s:hildren’s bs 儿童图书tda’s paper 今天的报纸(2) 带词尾s的复数名词只加省字撇(‘):girls’shl 女子学校the Siths’ar 史密斯家的小汽车注:带词尾s的单数名词,通常仍加’s:the bss’s plan 老板的计划the hstess’s rr 女主人的担心(3) 带词尾s的人名,可加’s 或只加省字撇(‘):Diens’nvels 狄更斯的小说harles’s b 查理斯的工作不带词尾-s却以咝音结尾者,一律加’s:arx’s rs 马克思的著作Gerge’s r 乔治的房间(4) 用and连接的并列连词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列连词后加-’s,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-’s:T’s and i’s rs 汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间T and i’s rs 汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间3 -’s所有格的用法-’s 所有格主要用于有生命的东西,但有时也可用于无生命的东西,这主要见于:(1) 用于表时间的名词后:trr’s eather 明天的天气t das’urne 两天的旅程比较:ten inutes’brea = a ten-inute brea 10分钟的休息(2) 用于表国家、城市的名词后:Aeria’s pli 美国的政策the it’s ppulatin 这个城市的人口(3) 用于某些集合名词后:the arit’s vie 多数人的观点the gvernent’s pli 政府的政策(4) 用于组织机构后:the statin’s aiting-r 车站候车室the nespaper’s editrial pli 这家报纸的编辑方针() 用于度量衡及价值名词后:a ile’s distane 1英里的距离tent dllar’s value 20 美元的价值注:对于带有连字符已转化为形容词的度量衡,不能用所有格形式:ten-inute al 10分钟的路程(比较:ten inutes’al)(6) 用于表天体的名词后:the n’s ras 月光the earth’s surfae 地球表面(7) 用于某些固定表达中:a stne’s thr 一箭之遥at ne’s it’s end 黔驴技穷at ar’s length 以一臂之距ut f har’s a 在完全的地方4 -’s 所有格与f 所有格的用法比较(1) f 所有格既可用于有生命的人或物,也可用于无生命的东西。

2012年中考英语语法复习总结

2012年中考英语语法复习总结

2012年中考英语语法总结1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump2 (比较级and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7 along with同……一道,伴随……eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg : ask you for my book11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在……岁时eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen14 at the beginning of …………的起初;……的开始15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg : At the end of the day16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够……eg : She is able to sing She can sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕……eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从……离开29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于……32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from……和什么不一样34 be famous for 以……着名35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好36 be from = come from 来自eg :He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38 be glad+to+do/从句39 be going to + v(原)将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……41 be good for 对什么有好处eg : Reading aloud is good for your English42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48 be like 像……eg : I'm like my mother49 be mad at 生某人的气50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定53 be on a visit to 参观54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静56 be short for 表**的缩写eg: 陶is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying noles62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72 be the same as …和什么一样73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉74 be worth doing 值得做什么75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物be afraid that 丛句76 because+句子because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home78 between…and…两者之间79 borrow sth from sb 向……借……lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同81 bother 打扰bother sb to do stheg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend him money82 by the end of 到……为止83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang84 care 关心eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来85 catch up with sb 赶上某人86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈take sb to + 地点带某人去某地87 come in 进88 come over to 过来89 come up with 提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗?90 communicate with sb 和某人交流91 consider + doing 考虑做什么eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州?92 dance to 随着……跳舞eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93 decide to do sth 决定做某事94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查95 do better in 在……方面做得更好96 do wrong 做错97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事98 Don't mind +doing /从句/名词不要介意……99 each +名(单)每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103 expect to do sth 期待做某事104 fall down 摔下来fall off 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing(名词)110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人111 forget to do 没有做而忘了forget doing 做了而又忘了eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to…从某某到某某eg: From me for her113 get /have sth down 做完,被(别人)做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了)Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth120 get…from…从某处得到某物121 give a talk 做报告eg: He is give a tall122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物123 go fish 钓鱼go swimming 游泳124 go on to do 去做下一件事go on doing 继续做这件事125 go out away from go out of126 go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学)127 good way to 好方法128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈131 have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since132 have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方have gone to …(地方)去了某地还没回来133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴134 have sth to do 有什么事要做eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做135 have to do sth 必须做某事136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦137 have…time +doing138 have…(时间)…off 放……假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事140 help a lot 很大用处141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面)help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth 希望做某事143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法145 if : 是否=wethereg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为148 in some ways 在某些方面149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后150 in the north of…什么在什么的北方(north 北sowth 南west 西east 东)151 in the sun 在太阳下152 increase 增加eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now153 instead of +(名)代替eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果,而不要梨子I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人introduce oneself 自我介绍155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样160 It's +adj(for sb) to do(对某人来说)做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对……来说是个好主意162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: It's important to me163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了164 join = take part in 参加165 just now 刚才166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样?167 keep out 不让……进入168 keep sb adj 让……保持……eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康169 key to +名词表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案170 key to…anser to …key 可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at…取笑……eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke172 learn by oneslfe 自学173 learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from Lei Feng174 learn to do sth 学做某事175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事176 Let sb down 让某人失望eg :We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from :离某地远178 live in +大地方/at +小地方居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan179 look after = take care of 照顾照看180 lose one's way 谁迷路eg : Lose your way 你迷路181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友eg : I want to make friends with you183 make it early 把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样eg : You must made your bed clean 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事eg : I made him write 我以前让他写189 make up be made up of (被动语态)由……组成190 make…difference to…191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么192 most +名most of +代193 much too +形容词194 must be 一定195 need +名词196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事197 need to do (实义动词)need do (情态动词)198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing199 no +名词200 not anymore = no more 再也不……eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not…(形、副)at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all 202 not…at all 一点都不203 not…either 表否定,也不eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐204 not…until 直到……才……eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水207 on one's way to…在谁去那的路上208 on the one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈210 on time 准时in time 及时211 one day =some day =someday 一天,有一天212 one of +可数名词的复数形式213 one to another 一个到另一个214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin215 part-time job 兼职工作fall-time job 全职工作216 pay for…付……钱pay the bill 开钱,付钱217 please +do218 please help yourself219 pleased with sb220 pool into = pore into221 practice +doing 练习做某事222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢……eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中,我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车,不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车,也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意…eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么pretend that 从句eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案224 rather…than 宁可……也不……eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生,也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗,不喜欢猫225 regard…as 把……当作……eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人229 say to oneself 对自己说230 say to sb 对某人说231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去?239 shock 使……震惊eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊,是你呀!吓我一跳240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物eg : I show her the book.241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物eg : I show the book to her.243 some…others…一些……另一些……244 start…with…从……开始begin…with…从……开始245 stay away from 远离……eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时,我们要远离动物If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥,你最好远离甜食246 stop doing 停下正在做的事247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事250 such +名这样,这种251 suit sb 适合某人252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇to one's surprise 令某人惊奇253 take classes 上课254 take sb to 把某人带去eg : I take you to the hospital255 take walks = take a walk =go for a walk 散步256 ①talk to 对谁说eg : I talk to you ②talk with 和谁说eg : I talk with him③talk of 谈到eg : we talked of you ④talk about 谈论关于……257 talk with sb 和某人说话258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句tell sb not to do sth tell a story261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么263 tell…from…264 thank you for +doing265 the same +名词(doing)+as……266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同267 the way to do sth =the way of doing st做某方面的方法the way to +地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English268 the way to…(地点)到哪的269 too…to…太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能…so…that +丛句eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to schoolHe is old enough to go to school =He is so old that he can go to school270 transalte ……into……把什么翻译成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么,但没成功try doing sth 想干什么,已经做过了eg :He tried to climb 他想爬上去,但没成功He tried climbing 他想爬上去,已经做过了274 try…试衣服have a try 试一下275 turn down 开小←→turn up 开大276 turn off 关上←→turn on 打开open 拆开277 upside down 倒着278 visit to…参观某个地方279 wait for sb 等某人。

2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习16

2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习16

2012年中考英语考点16不定代词不定代词不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词,英语中不定代词有:some (something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),no(nothing,nobody,no one),every(everything,everybody,everyone),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等。

1.不定代词的作用1)作主语,例:Both(of us)are right.(我们)两人都对。

Either(of the answers)is correct.两个回答不论哪一个都对。

Neither(of the answers)is correct.两个回答哪一个都不对。

Is everybody here?大家都到了吗?Nothing special happened yesterday.昨天没有发生什么特殊的事情.All is going well.一切进行得很好。

2)作宾语,例:There is room for all of us.我们所有的人全坐得下。

He gave two to each(of them).他给(他们)每人两个。

I like none of the books.这些书我全不喜欢。

If you have any,give us some.有的话,给我们一点。

3)作表语,例:That’s nothing.没什么。

Is that all you want to know?你想知道的就是这些吗?Thanks,it’s too much for me.谢谢,太多了。

I’m not somebody,I’m nobody.我不是重要人物,我是个无名小卒.That’s really something.那真是一大收获。

(21份打包)2012年中考英语语法考点知识汇编-16

(21份打包)2012年中考英语语法考点知识汇编-16

2012年中考英语考点9主要句式(一) 知识概要初中所学的句型一般要分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

陈述句中有肯定句与否定句之分。

其中可以分为以下五种:①主语+不及物动词。

如:I arrived at six last night.②主语+及物动词+宾语,如:I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday.③主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,如:Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.④主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,如:I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.⑤主语+系动词+表语,如:Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.在初中常见的句型中有There be…句型,表示存在某种事物,如:There is a map on the wall 其be动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致。

要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后,也要保持be动词,不要换用have,如:There is going to be a meeting tomorrow. 在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题,即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。

要注意的有如下几点:①用and连接两个主语时一般应视为复数,但如一人身兼两职时则要用单数谓语动词形式,如:A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演员。

而a singer and a dancer 则要译为:一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。

2012届中考英语语法专题复习

2012届中考英语语法专题复习

初中英语语法English Grammar前言本资料为《初中英语语法》,为初中英语语法学习者准备,内容具体,简单易懂。

是本人这个暑假参考语法书籍进行整编,并于暑期社会实践初中英语家教作为教案材料。

现与广大好友分享!目录第一章构词法(word-formation)第二章名词(Nouns)第三章冠词(Articles)第四章代词(Pronouns)第五章数词(Numerals)第六章形容词(Adjectives)第七章副词(Adverbs)第八章介词(Prepositions)第九章动词(Verbs)第十章动词的时态(Tenses)第十一章动词的语态(Voices)第十二章限定动词与非限定动词(Finite and Non-finite Verbs)第十三章简单句(The simple sentences)第十四章It的用法(The use of “it”)第十五章并列句(The compound sentences)第十六章主从复合句(The complex sentences)第一章构词法(word-formation)一、构词法(word-formation)——分为转换、派生、合成1.转换:常用于动词和名词之间的转换1)不改变读音、重度音节,只转换单词词性e.g.2)有些双音节词,作名词时,第一个音节重度;作动词时,第二个音节重度e.g.名词动词’increase /’inkri:s/ 增加in’crease /in’kri:s/增加3)有些词可以用读音变化改变词性e.g. excuse /iks’kju:s/(名)歉意;道歉;借口excuse /iks’kju:z/(动)原谅4)有些形容词可以转化为动词e.g.He slowed down at the crossroad./ Please warm up the cold meat.2.派生1)前缀:加前缀一般不改变词类,而只是改变原词的词义①构成反义词的前缀dis- disagree disappear dislikeim- impolite impossibleun- unable uncertain unhappy②一些表示特定意思的前缀down往下downloadkilo千kilometreman人,由人man-mademis错误地mistake misunderstandre重新,再次rebuild retell③可以改变词性的前缀a-加在名词前构成形容词或副词asleep aboard asideen-加在名词或形容词前构成动词encourage enable enrich 2)后缀:加后缀一般改变词性①名词后缀-an African American -er dancer driverreporter-ing feeling reading -ion action decision-ment development government -ness happiness sadness-or actor visitor -tion inventionpronunciation-ure failure pleasure②形容词后缀-an American African -en golden wooden-ese Chinese Japanese -ful beautiful hopeful useful-ive active expensive -less careless endless useless-ly friendly -ous nervous dangerous-y dirty rainy③副词后缀-ly carefully happily clearly④数词后缀-teen thirteen -ty twenty -th fifth3.合成1)合成名词①词加名词basketball②形容词加名词blackboard③动词-ing形式+另一词dining-room2)合成形容词①形容词+动词-ing形式hard-working②形容词+过去分词kind-hearted③名词+过去分词man-made④名词+动词-ing形式man-eating peace-loving3)合成动词①词+动词water-ski②副词+动词overeat overcome③形容词/副词+动词white-wash4)合成副词、代词①合成副词upstairs beforehand②合成代词myself everything4.其他构词法1)缩短法telephone—phone2)前后各截部分refrigerator—fridge3)缩写法第二章名词(Nouns)一、名词的数:名词复数的构成规则1)规则复数变化多数在词尾加-s①以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es e.g. match—matches②以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,改y为i,再加-es e.g. story—stories③以f,fe结尾的名词,一般把f,fe改为v,再加-es e.g. leaf—leaves但也有只加-s e.g. roof—roofs④以o结尾的名词,多数加-es e.g. hero—heroes但也有只加-s e.g. piano—pianos注:以o 结尾的名词,我们可按下面一条规律来记住它们的复数形式:指人和农作物的加-es、其他的加-s.(或者是有生命的加-es,无生命的加-s)2)不规则变化①名词单复数同形 e.g. sheep, deer, fish②单词拼写中变化元音字母 e.g. man—men tooth—teeth③有些是用-en做词尾构成复数形式 e.g. child—children ox—oxen④表示某国人的单词,单复数形式分为三种:A.单复数相同 a Chinese—five ChineseB.词尾加-s an American—seven AmericansC.变-man为-men an Englishman—ten Englishmen3)复合名词的复数形式1.将复合名词中的主题名词变为复数形式 e.g. new-comer—new-comers2.没有主题名词的,则在词尾加-s e.g. grown-up—grown-ups3.以man或woman开头的复合词,名词都要变为复数形式 e.g. man-doctor—men-doctors4.其他合成的词,只把最后一个词变为复数eg.boy friend—boy friends5.由两部分组成的物体名词和其他一些名词常用复数形式 e.g. trousers,clothes,scissors6.专有名词一般为不可数名词,但是表示某姓一家或夫妇和同名同姓若干时,用复数e.g. The Browns have gone to the cinema.7.在做定语的合成词中,名词要用单数形式e.g. an eighty-three-year-old grandpa8.以-s结尾的专有名词有两种情况A.表示国家、报纸等名词看做单数 e.g. the United StatesB. 表示群岛、山脉、瀑布、奥运会等专有名词看做复数,谓语也用复数形式e.g. The Alps are in Europe.二、名词的种类:普通名词——个体名词,集体名词(可数)物质名词,抽象名词(不可数)专有名词1)普通名词是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名词①个体名词:表示单个的人或物e.g. tree树doctor医生cup杯子apple苹果②表示一群人或一些事物的总称e.g. crowd人群army军队class班级family家庭group小组,团队police警方team队public公众③物质名词:表示无法分为个体的物质e.g. tea茶paper纸snow雪cloth布wood木头sugar糖meat肉sand沙ink墨水coffee咖啡④抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等方面的抽象概念e.g. happiness幸福work工作music音乐experience经历pride骄傲failure失败protection保护2)专有名词3)可数名词和不可数名词①可数名词:其所表示的事物可以用数来计算,前面可用不定冠词a,an和数词,有复数形式②不可数名词:其所表示的事物不可以用数来计算,前面不能用不定冠词a,an和数词,没有复数形式。

中考英语语法专项复习16时态中的短暂性动词和延续性动词

中考英语语法专项复习16时态中的短暂性动词和延续性动词

They _____ _____ _____ China _____ ten years.
They _____ _____ _____ China _____ ten years ago.
②、转换成 be﹢名词;
join the Party/club ------ be a Party/club member, join the army ------ be a soldier, go to school ------ be a student.
fall asleep ------ be asleep.
turn on/off------be on/off
6. The film began ten minutes ago. The film for .
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้The film
since
.
7.My father left America last week.
9. His grandfather died five years ago.
five days ago. five days.
2. My father bought a new car two years ago. My father _____ _____ a new car _____ two years. My father _____ _____ a new car _____ two years ago.
时态中的 短 暂 性 和
延 续 性 动 词


短暂性动词也称做终止性动词、非延续性动词 或瞬间动词,表示动作不能延续,只是一瞬间就 结束的动作.
常见的短暂性动词有: come, go, arrive, reach, see,

2012年中考英语语法复习

2012年中考英语语法复习

A. Them , me B. They, I C. They , me D. Them,I
3. Tom is a new student.A___ knew none of ____.
A. He, us
B.He , we C. Him , us D. His, we
4.
You can sit A. he and I
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
A. we , his
B. he , you C. they, yours
11. You must bring _B__notebook to the school.
A. you
B. your
C.yours
12. The red bag is __A_ .___ is white.
A. his , Mine B. him, My C. mine ,Him
Eg : This is my book = The book is mine
2021/6/20
7
That is your pen , mine is in my bag.
Ex.
1. She is a student . _A__ name is Lucy .
A. Her
B. Hers C. His D.He
3. 人称的排列 : 二 ,三,一 (单数)
一,二,三 (复数)
eg : you , he and I ( 你, 他,我)
we , you and they (我们,你们,他们) Ex :
1. Miss Zhang teaches ___Bmath.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours

2012年初中英语中考语法复习资料大全

2012年初中英语中考语法复习资料大全

一般现在时主要用于下面几情况:1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。

在这种情景中,句子常带有表示频率的时间状语:always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc。

) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等,以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。

例如:They raise ducks as a sideline 。

他们以养鸭为副业。

She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信,仅一月一封而已。

I cycle to work every day 。

我每天骑自行车上班。

It seldom rains here 。

这儿很少下雨。

2)仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。

这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态",其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。

例如:He can speak five foreign languages 。

他能说五种外语。

That is a beautiful city 。

那是座美丽的城市。

Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。

She majors in music 。

她主修音乐。

All my family love football 。

我全家人都喜欢足球。

My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。

3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。

顾名思义,客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的;也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。

例如:The sun rises in the east 。

2012中考英语知识点整理

2012中考英语知识点整理

(2012南京英语中考热点考点整理)Made by MAC1.被动语态1.基本结构1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here.4) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7) shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8) should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。

2012年中考英语语法复习提纲:直接引语和间接引语

2012年中考英语语法复习提纲:直接引语和间接引语

thisthesenowagotodaythis week(month,etc.) next week ( month,etc.) yesterdaytomorrowhere thatthosethenbeforethat daythat week ( month,etc.) the next week ( month,etc.) the day beforethe next (following) day there直接引语和间接引语(初中不作特别要求)1、直接引语和间接引语:在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。

在书写时,直接引语用引号。

用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。

2、直接引语改变为间接引语:1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点:①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。

②人称作相应变化;③主句里的动词如果是过去时,间接引语中的时态一般应作相应改变:一般现在时变一般过去时;一般将来时变过去将来时;现在进行时变过去进行时;现在完成时变成过去完成时;一般过去时变成过去完成时;但一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用,则时态不变。

如:He says,"I am not from the USA.”→He says that he is not from the USA.Mr Smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven’ t seen you for a long time.”→Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从属连接词whether或if引导,词序要改变。

如:Lin Tao said to Miss Green, "Is it made inChina?” →Lin Tao asked Miss Green if it was made in China.3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用疑问词引导,词序是:连词+主语+谓语。

2012年中考英语语法笔记大全练习讲解

2012年中考英语语法笔记大全练习讲解
time时间--- times时代,green绿色---greens青菜
(2)有些不可数名词用复数代指具体的事物
eg. hope ---hopes希望hardship --- hardships艰苦
(3)物质名词在表示数量时,常用某个量词+of来表示
eg. a cup of tea, seven pieces of bread, several bags of rice, …
A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans
C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen
解析: Frenchman是复合词,其复数形式为Frenchmen; German的复数为直接在单词末尾+S,应选A.
13.The team ________ having a meeting .
5. Help yourself to __________.
A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple
C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples
解析: chicken可用作可数名词指小鸡,用作不可数名词指鸡肉,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple为可数名词,故应+s,因此选D。
A. is B. are C. am D. be
解析: team是一个集合名词,即可表示复数意义(指整个小组) ,也可指小组中的成员(表示复数),此题意为后者,因此选B。
14. “Would you like _________?” “________, please.”
A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of drink, Coffees

专题16.定语从句考点聚焦和精讲-中考英语语法复习(原卷版)

专题16.定语从句考点聚焦和精讲-中考英语语法复习(原卷版)

定语从句考点聚焦和精讲1. 定语从句的定义:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2. 定语从句的先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语。

3. 定语从句的关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等;关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用:1. 引导定语从句。

2. 代替先行词。

3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。

4. 定语从句的结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。

5. 关系代词引导的定语从句The woman visited our factory yesterday is an Australian friend. 昨天参观我们工厂的女士是一位澳大利亚朋友。

1.This is the student I met yesterday. 这是我昨天见到的那个学生。

2.Who’s that man you just talked to? 刚才与你谈话的那个男人是谁?3.The man you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚遇见的那个人是我的朋友。

1.The shoe shop is a shop sells shoes. 鞋店是销售鞋的商店。

2.The book I read last night was wonderful. 我昨晚看的那本书很精彩。

1.She is one of the students works very hard. 她是最用功的学生中的一个。

2.A library is a place people like very much. 图书馆是一个人们非常喜欢的地方。

1.This is our classmate, Mary, home is not far from our school. 这是我们的同学玛丽,她的家离我们学校不远。

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2012年中考英语考点16不定代词不定代词不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词,英语中不定代词有:some (something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),no(nothing,nobody,no one),every(everything,everybody,everyone),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等。

1.不定代词的作用1)作主语,例:Both(of us)are right.(我们)两人都对。

Either(of the answers)is correct.两个回答不论哪一个都对。

Neither(of the answers)is correct.两个回答哪一个都不对。

Is everybody here?大家都到了吗?Nothing special happened yesterday.昨天没有发生什么特殊的事情.All is going well.一切进行得很好。

2)作宾语,例:There is room for all of us.我们所有的人全坐得下。

He gave two to each(of them).他给(他们)每人两个。

I like none of the books.这些书我全不喜欢。

If you have any,give us some.有的话,给我们一点。

3)作表语,例:That’s nothing.没什么。

Is that all you want to know?你想知道的就是这些吗?Thanks,it’s too much for me.谢谢,太多了。

I’m not somebody,I’m nobody.我不是重要人物,我是个无名小卒.That’s really something.那真是一大收获。

4)作定语,例:You may take either road.两条路你走哪条都行。

Every room is clean and tidy.每一个房间都很整洁。

Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.人人都管等于没人管。

(谚)Where are the other students?其他的学生在哪里?Please give another example to illustrate your point.请再举个例子来说明你的论点。

5)作同位语,例:They both agreed to stay here.他们两人都答应待在这儿。

We are all for him.我们全支持他。

We none of us said anything.我们谁也没说什么。

Give them two each.给他们每人两个。

2.不定代词的用法比较1)all,every和each的比较all在表示抽象的整体概念时,作单数,相当于everything(一切东西),例:All was destroyed in the big fire.大火中一切都毁了。

Grasp all,lose all.什么都抓,什么都抓不住。

(谚)Is that all you Want to know?你想知道的就这些吗?all指人时用作复数,意为指三者以上的“全部”、“全体”,相当于everyone(每个),例:All are present.大家都出席了。

There is room for all of us.我们所有的人全坐得下。

She knows us all.她认识我们所有的人。

all在人称代词前面,只能用all of,而且要与人称代词的宾格us,you,them等连用,如:all of us,而不能说成all us。

every用于三个或三个以上的人或物,是“每一个”的意思,只能作定语,强调整体概念,例:Every player is present.每个运动员都出场了。

They helped us in every way.他们从各方面帮助我们。

在表示“每个”、“全体”意思时,every的意思与all很接近。

但一般情况下every和单数名词搭配,all和复数名词搭配,例:Every child enjoys Christmas.每个孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。

All children enjoy Christmas.所有的孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。

Each也是“每一个”的意思,但与every不同,each用于指两个或两个以上的人或物,着重于个别概念,例:Two men came into the room.Each carried an umbrella.两个人走进房间,每人拿着一把伞。

Each book on this desk is worth reading.这桌子上每一本书都值得读。

He gave three to each(of them).他给(他们)每人三个。

2)some和any的比较不定代词some,any都是“一些”的意思,都可和可数名词或不可数名词连用。

some一般用于肯定句中;而any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中,例:Tom has some picture-books.汤姆有几本图画书。

I have waited some time.我已等了一会儿了。

Have you any questions?你有问题吗?There aren’t any pictures on the wall.墙上没有图片。

If there are any new magazines in the library,takesome for me.如果图书馆来了新杂志,替我借几本。

注意:在表示请求或建议,希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,应用some而不用any,例:Would you please give me some paper?请你给我一些纸张好吗?Would you like some sugar?你要点糖吗?(=给你一些糖好吗?)some还可用于盼望得到肯定答复的疑问句,如:Is n’t there some ink in that bottle?那个瓶不是还有点墨水吗?当any表示“任何”或“无论哪一个”的意义时,可用于肯定句,此时any要重读,例:Any one will do.任何一个都行。

You may come at any time that is convenient to you.你可以在对你方便的任何时候来。

some,any和body,one,thing构成合成代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anyone,anything等和some,any的基本用法一样,由some构成的合成代词一般用于肯定句,由any构成的合成代词一般用于否定句和疑问句。

如果要在疑问句中表示请求,建议等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答复,须用somebody,someone或something。

3)many、much和few、littlemany(很多),few(很少),a few(有几个)是表示数的代词,用以代替或修饰可数名词;much(很多),little(很少),a little(有一些)是表示量的代词,用以代替或修饰不可数名词。

a few和 a little表示肯定的意义,而few和little则表示否定意义。

这些词一般作定语时较多,有时也可作主语、宾语,例:She has as many books as you.她拥有与你同样多的书。

(定语)I have few books to lend you.我几乎没书可借给你。

(定语)My mother had a little money on her.我妈妈身边有点儿钱。

(定语)Many have come to the meeting.许多人已来开会。

(主语)There is little left.没剩多少了(主语)。

He knows little about it.这事他不太了解。

(宾语)How much is it?多少钱?(表语)注意:a lot(of),plenty of等一类的短语相当于many和much,可修饰可数或不可数名词,一般用于肯定句,例:She has a lot of books on this subject.她有许多关于这个课题的书。

4)other(s),the other和anotherother表示“另一个”的意思,在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,不独立使用,通常修饰可数名词复数。

其复数形式是others,可独立使用,无范围限定。

other和others前面加定冠词the时是特指,表示两个中的一个;前面不带定冠词the时,表示泛指,例:I have two brothers.One is a doctor,the other is a teacher.我有两个兄弟。

一个是医生,另一个是教师。

(特指,作主语)He is always ready to help others.他总是乐意帮助别人。

(泛指,作宾语)Five of them are in the classroom.What about the others?他们中有五个人在教室里。

其余的人呢?(特指,作宾语)another(另外一个,又一个)只能代替或修饰单数名词,可用作主语、宾语或定语,不独立使用。

它实际上是由an+other构成的,因此前面不可再用冠词,即不定指。

例:Don’t lose heart.Have another try.别灰心,再试一次。

(作定语)I have got three English novels.One is writtenby Charles Dickens,another(is written)by MarkTwain,and the third(is written)by Bronte.我有三本英语小说。

一本是查尔·狄更斯写的,另一本是马克·吐温写的,还有一本是布朗蒂写的。

(作主语)another后面还可以跟few 或带数字的复数名词,例:Just think what our town will be like in another few years.设想一下,再过几年我们这个城市将是什么样子。

You’d better stay in bed for another two weeks.你最好再卧床二周。

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