地基和桩基专业英语
土木工程英语证书考试(PEC)-地基基础常用词汇
土木工程英语证书（PEC）考试-地基基础常用词汇a under-reamed cast-in-situ pile 扩底灌注桩a weak underlying stratum 软弱下卧层active earth pressure 积极土压力adjacent excavation 相邻基坑adjacent pile 相邻桩allowable differential settlements 容许差异沉降allowable subsoil deformation 地基变形容许值allowable value 容许值anchor depth 锚固深度anchor force 锚固力anchor pile 锚桩anchor plate 锚垫板anchor rod 锚杆anchored retaining wall 锚杆挡墙angle of inclination/ inclination 倾角angle of internal friction of the soil 土旳内摩擦角angular gravel 角砾arc sliding surface method 圆弧滑动面法average additional pressure 平均附加压力average pressure 平均压力base failure 地基破坏base plate of mat foundation 筏基底板beams on elastic foundation 弹性地基梁block stone 块石bored pile 钻孔桩boring 钻孔boulders 漂石box foundation 箱型基础braced excavation 支撑开挖brick foundation 砖基础broken stone/crushed stone 碎石cantilever sheet pile wall 悬臂式板桩墙casing 套管casing filled with concrete 套管内灌混凝土cast-in-situ concrete pile foundation 混凝土灌注桩基础center pile 中心桩changing of ground water level 地下水位变化characteristic value 特性值check on compression 抗压验算check on shear strength 抗剪验算clay 粘土clearance space 净空coarse sand 粗纱cobble 卵石coefficient of additional stress 附加应力系数coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of consolidation 固结系数coefficient of permeability 渗透系数cohesion force 粘聚力cohesive soil 粘性土combined foundation 联合基础compaction piles 压实桩compensated foundation 赔偿基础composite subgrade /composite foundation 复合地基concrete against infiltration 抗渗混凝土concrete foundation 混凝土基础cone foundation 锥形基础cone penetration test (CPT) 圆锥灌入试验connection beam 联络梁consolidation 固结consolidation curve 固结曲线consolidation test 固结试验consolidation theory 固结理论constant head 常水头contents of grains 颗粒含量corner pile 角桩corner point method 角点法correction factor for depth 深度修正系数counter-fort walls 扶壁式挡土墙cushion course 垫层deep basement 深层地下室deep excavation 深开挖deep-mixing pile 深层搅拌桩deformation compatibility 变形协调degree of saturation 饱和度depth of excavation 开挖深度design of wall against sliding 挡土墙抗滑设计diaphragm walls 地下持续墙difference in settlements 沉降差direct shear test 直剪试验drainage layer 排水层drainage of footing 基础排水drainage of wall 挡墙旳排水driven cast-in-place pile 沉管灌注桩driven pile 打入桩driving 打桩driving shoe 桩头/桩靴drop hammer 落锤dry density 干密度dry unit weight 干容重dynamic pile capacity 桩旳动承载力earth works 土方工程eccentric load 偏心荷载eccentrically loaded foundation 偏心受荷基础effective gravitational density 浮重度embedment depth 埋深end bearing piles 端承桩end resistance of a pile 桩端承载力excavation 开挖基坑excavation support structure 基坑维护构造excess pore water pressure 超空隙水压力external ground level 室外地面标高field vane test 现场十字板试验filled and leveled area 填方整平地区filled ground level 填土面标高filled soil 人工填土final settlement 最终沉降量fine sand 细纱flange of varying thickness 变厚度翼缘floating foundation 浮筏基础foundation 基础foundation base 基础底面foundation top 基础顶面foundation types 基础类型fraction 粒组含量friction piles / floating piles 摩擦桩general shear failure 整体剪切破坏geological conditions 地质条件gravitational density / gravity density 重度、重力密度gravity retaining walls 重力式挡土墙ground anchor 土锚/地锚ground beams 地梁ground surface 室外地面ground treatment 地基处理high socket foundation 高杯口基础high-rise pile cap 高桩承台H-pile H 型桩hydraulic gradient 水力梯度inclined anchor 斜锚杆inclined wall 倾斜式挡土墙initial ground water level 初始地下水位insertion depth 插入深度in-situ static loading test of a single pile 单桩静载荷试验internal ground level 室内地面标高jacked-down piles 静压桩laboratory vane test 室内十字板试验large diameter pile 大直径桩large displacement pile 大量挤土桩large-area storage loading 大面积堆载lateral earth pressure 侧向土压力lateral earth pressure at rest 侧向静止土压力laterite /red clay 红粘土layered soil 成层土lifting of piles 桩上拔lime concrete foundation 三合土基础lime-soil foundation 灰土基础liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液性指数loaded pile 受荷桩local shear failure 局部剪切破坏low pile cap 低桩承台main load-bearing layer 重要受力层mat slab 筏板medium sand 中砂method of beams and slabs on elastic foundation 弹性地基梁板法modulusof compressibility/constrained modulus 压缩模量Mohr's stress circle 摩尔应力圆moisture content of soil 土旳含水量muck 淤泥mucky soil 淤泥质土multi-layer summation method 分层总和法natural subsoil 天然地基negative skin friction 负摩阻力net pressure 净压力net water pressure 净水压力non-displacement pile 非挤土桩non-reinforced spread foundation 无筋扩展基础non-uniform soils 不均匀地基normally consolidated 正常固结offshore foundation 海岸基础optimum water content 最佳含水量order of driving 打桩次序overburden pressure 超载压力over-consolidated 超固结overturning of retaining wall 挡土墙旳倾覆pad foundation beneath columns 柱下独立基础partial tilting 局部倾斜particle shape 颗粒形状particle size 粒径passive earth pressure 被动土压力penetration depth 灌入深度penetration-resistant grade 抗渗等级per liner meter 每延米pile cap 承台pile defect 桩旳缺陷pile failure 桩破坏pile failure mode 桩旳破坏模式pile foundation 桩基础pile group 群桩pile point 桩尖pile shaft 桩身pile shaft strength 桩身强度pile space 桩距pile type 桩型plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指数plate load test 平板载荷试验pore pressure 空隙压力pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率pre-cast concrete pile foundation 混凝土预制桩基础preloaded foundation soils 预压地基primary consolidation 主固结primary settlement 初始沉降pull out resistance of footing at depth 深基础旳抗拔力pull out resistance of shallow footing 浅基础旳抗拔力punching 冲切punching failure 冲切破坏punching failure cone 冲切破坏锥体racked piles / raker piles/ batter piles 斜桩raft foundation/ mat foundation 筏基redriving of piles 桩复打reinforced earth 加劲土reinforced earth wall 加劲土墙retaining walls 挡土墙retraining structure 支挡构造rigid foundation 刚性基础risen pile 上抬旳桩rock 岩石rock anchor 岩锚rock discontinuity structure plan 岩体构造面rock-inlaid cast-in-situ pile 嵌岩灌注桩rounded gravel 圆砾rubble concrete foundation 毛石混凝土基础rubble foundation 毛石基础sample disturbance 土样扰动screw piles 螺旋桩secondary consolidation 次固结settlement 沉降，沉降量settlement observation 沉降观测settlement rate 沉降速率shallow foundation 浅基础shear key in sliding wall 抗滑墙上旳剪力键side of pile group 群桩旳周围silky clay 粉质粘土silky sand 粉沙silky soil 粉土single-story bent structures 单层排架构造skin friction of a pile 桩侧摩阻力skin area of piles 桩周面积slab foundation 平板式筏基sliding moment 滑动力矩sliding-resistant moment 抗滑力矩slip surface 滑动面slope 边坡slope angle 边坡坡角slope stability 边坡稳定性slurry excavation 泥浆开挖slurry trench pile 泥浆护壁类桩型slurry walls 泥浆持续墙small displacement pile 少许挤土桩socket base 杯底socket foundation 杯口基础socket wall 杯臂soft cohesive soil 软弱粘土soil aggregate gravelly soil 碎石土soil classification 土旳分类soil of high compressibility 高压缩性土soil of low compressibility 低压缩性土soil of medium compressibility 中压缩性土soil-compacting effect /soil-squeezing effect 挤土效应soil-rock composite subgrade 土岩组合地基solidier pile 直桩spread foundation 扩展基础stability of foundation 地基稳定性standard frost penetration (depth) 原则冻深standard penetration test (SPT) 原则灌入试验static water pressures 静止水压力steel sheet piles 钢板桩stepped foundation 阶梯型基础stiffened slab foundation 梁板式筏基stress increase 应力增量stress release 应力释放strip foundation beneath columns 柱下条形基础strip foundation beneath walls 墙下条形基础strip foundation with cross beams 交叉条形基础strip load 条形荷载struts critical depth 支撑临界深度subgrade 地基subgrade bearing capacity 地基承载力substratum 下卧层superstructure 上部构造surface-empty phenomena 脱空现象the bearing stratum 持力层depth of foundation for settlement calculation 地基沉降计算深度the medium weathered rock 中风化岩石the minimum reinforcement ratio 最小配筋率the peripheral length of the pile shaft 桩身周长the principle of stress superposition 应力叠加原理the report of engineering geological survey 工程地质勘查汇报the slightly weathered rock 微风化岩石the Winkler foundation model 文可勒地基模型three-pile cap 三桩承台thrust due to land slide 滑坡推力tilting 倾斜toe of retaining wall 挡土墙趾triaxial test 三轴试验ultimate load of pile group 群桩极限荷载unconfined compression test 无侧限压缩试验undrained shear strength 不排水抗剪强度uniaxial compression 单轴压缩unit weight of soil 土旳容重vertical bearing capacity of a pile 单桩竖向承载力void ratio/ porosity ratio 空隙比water saturation 水饱和weighted average gravitational density 加权平均重度width-height ratio of step 台阶高宽比。
(建筑工程考试)PEC土木工程英语证书考试地基基础常用词汇精编
平均附加压力
averagepressure
平均压力
basefailure
地基破坏
baseplateofmatfoundation
筏基底板
beamsonelasticfoundation
弹性地基梁
blockstone
块石
boredpile
钻孔桩
boring
次固结
settlement
沉降，沉降量
settlementobservation
沉降观测
settlementrate
沉降速率
shallowfoundation
浅基础
shearkeyinslidingwall
抗渗混凝土
concretefoundation
混凝土基础
conefoundation
锥形基础
conepenetrationtest(CPT)
圆锥灌入试验
connectionbeam
联系梁
consolidation
固结
consolidationcurve
固结曲线
consolidationtest
固结试验
浅基础的抗拔力
punching
冲切
punchingfailure
冲切破坏
punchingfailurecone
冲切破坏锥体
rackedpiles/rakerpiles/batterpiles
斜桩
raftfoundation/matfoundation
筏基
redrivingofpiles
桩复打
reinforcedearth
地基处理
建筑施工名词中英文对照
建筑施工名词中英文对照建筑施工是一个复杂而细致的过程，其中涉及大量的专业名词。
对于从事建筑施工行业的人士来说，掌握这些名词的中英文对照是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些常用的建筑施工名词的中英对照，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些术语。
1. Foundation - 基础基础是建筑物最底部的结构，通常是混凝土的平面，用来支撑整个建筑物的重量。
2. Reinforced concrete - 钢筋混凝土钢筋混凝土是一种由混凝土和钢筋组成的材料，具有高强度和耐久性，广泛应用于建筑施工中。
3. Masonry - 砌体结构砌体结构是一种由砖块或石块按照一定的方式砌筑而成的结构，常用于建筑物的墙体和隔墙。
4. Column - 柱子柱子是一种纵向的结构元素，通常用于支撑建筑物的荷载，并传递到基础。
5. Beam - 梁梁是一种横向的结构元素，通常用于支撑楼板和屋顶，并将荷载传递到柱子上。
6. Slab - 板板是建筑物的水平支撑结构，通常用于构成楼板、屋顶和平台等。
7. Wall - 墙体墙体是建筑物的竖向结构，通常用于分隔空间并承受水平荷载。
8. Roof - 屋顶屋顶是建筑物的最顶部覆盖结构，用于保护建筑物免受自然环境的影响。
9. Foundation pit - 基坑基坑是在施工过程中挖掘的一个具有一定深度和形状的空间，用于建筑物的基础施工。
10. Excavation - 开挖开挖是指移除地表土壤或岩石以形成基坑或其它结构的过程。
11. Pile - 桩基桩基是在土壤或岩石中打入的长桩，用于增加地基的稳定性和承载能力。
12. Formwork - 模板模板是一种用于在混凝土浇筑过程中支撑和成型的结构，通常由木材或金属构造而成。
13. Rebar - 钢筋钢筋是一种用于增加混凝土结构强度的金属材料，通常以长条形式使用。
14. Concrete mixer - 混凝土搅拌机混凝土搅拌机是一种用于将水泥、沙子、石子和水混合制成混凝土的设备。
土木工程常用英语术语
土木工程常用英语术语第一节普通术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures3. 房屋建造工程building engineering5. 马路工程highway engineering6. 铁路工程railway engineering10. 建造物（构筑物）construction works11. 结构structure12. 基础foundation13. 地基foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground14. 木结构timber structure15. 砌体结构masonry structure16. 钢结构steel structure17.混凝土（砼）结构concrete structure以混凝土为主制作的结构。
它包括素混凝土结构、钢筋混凝土结构和预应力混凝土结构等。
18. 特种工程结构special engineering structure20.工业建造industrial building21. 民用建造civil building; civil architecture22. 马路highway24. 高速马路freeway32. 铁路车站railway station33. 港口port; harbour39. 水库reservoir40. 水工建造物hydraulic structure; marine structure; maritime construction50. 安全设施safety device第二节房屋建造结构术语第 1 页/共23 页1. 混合结构mixed structure2. 板柱结构slab-colume system3. 框架结构frame structure6. 壳体结构shell structure8. 悬索结构cable-suspended structure21.9. 充气结构pneumatic structure10. 剪力墙（结构墙）结构shear wall structure在高层和多层建造中，竖向和水平作用均由钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土墙体承受的结构。
基础工程100个英文词汇
“基础工程”100个英文单词1.foundation n.基础,地基2.foundation engineering n.基础工程3.foundation pile n.基桩4.foundation pressure n.基底压力5.foundation settlement n.基础沉降6.foundation elastic modulus n.地基弹性模数7.stability of foundation soil n.地基稳定性8.bearing capacity of foundation soil n.地基承载力9.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil n.地基极限承载力10.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil n.地基允许承载力11.Hansen's ultimate bearing capacity formula n.汉森地基承载力公式12.state of limit equilibrium n.极限平衡状态13.California Bearing Ratio n.加州承载比14.depth of foundation n.基础(埋置)深度15.coffered foundation n.围堰基础16.caisson foundation n.沉井基础17.deep foundation n.深基础18.elastic foundation n.弹性基础19.spread foundation n.扩大基础20.sunk shaft foundation n.沉井基础21.yielding of foundation n.基础沉陷22.pile n.桩23.pile cofferdam n.桩围堰24.pile cluster n.桩群25.pile driver n.打桩机26.pile loading test n..基桩载荷试验27.buoyant pile n.摩擦桩28.drain pile n.排水砂桩，砂井29.dynamic load test of pile n.桩的动载荷试验30.dry drilled pile n.干成孔灌注桩31.jacked pile n.压入桩32.slurry drilled pile n.泥浆钻孔桩33.pile bottom n.桩基34.bearing bottom n.承重桩35.pile for reinforcing n.加固桩36.blow pile n.爆破桩paction pile n.加密桩，挤密桩38.filling pile n.灌注桩39.precast concrete pile n.预制混凝土桩40.quincuncial pile n.梅花桩41.vibro pile n.振动灌注桩42.dispced foundation n.换土地基43.displacement of soil n.换土paction method n.挤密法45.foundation treatment n.地基处理46.bearing stratum n.持力层47.substratum n. 次层（台）48.individual footing n. 单独基础49.inverted beam method n. 倒梁法50.rigid foundation n. 刚性基础51.embeded depth of foundation n. 基础埋置深度52.coefficient of subgrade reaction n. 基床系数 foundation pressure n. 基底附加应力54.cross strip footing n. 交叉条形基础55.contact pressure n. 接触压力56.static analysis (shallow foundation) n. 静定分析法（浅基础）57.shell foundation n. 壳体基础58.spread footing n. 扩展基础59.mat foundation n. 片筏基础60.shallow foundation n. 浅基础61.flexible foundation n. 柔性基础62.structure- foundation-soil interaction analysis n. 上部结构－基础－土共同作用分析63.analysis of beams and slabs on elastic foundation n. 弹性地基梁（板）分析64.strip footing n. 条形基础65.substratum n. 下卧层66.box foundation n. 箱形基础67.Benoto cast-in-place pile n. 贝诺托灌注桩68.Wave equation analysis n. 波动方程分析69.diving casting cast-in-place pile n. 沉管灌注桩70.open-end caisson foundation n. 沉井基础71.box caisson foundation n. 沉箱基础72.synchronous pile n. 成孔灌注同步桩73.pile caps n. 承台74.bearing capacity of single pile n. 单桩承载力75.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile n. 单桩横向极限承载力76.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile n. 单桩竖向抗拔极限承载力77.vertical ultimate carrying capacity of single pile n. 单桩竖向抗压容许承载力78.vertical allowable load capacity of single pile n. 单桩竖向抗压极限承载力79.low pile cap n. 低桩承台80.diaphgram wall n. 地下连续墙81.dynamic pile driving formula n. 动力打桩公式82.end-bearing pile n. 端承桩83.Franki pile n. 法兰基灌注桩84.negative skin friction of pile n. 负摩擦力85.precast reinforced concrete piles n. 钢筋混凝土预制桩86.steel pile n. 钢桩87.high-rise pile cap n. 高桩承台88.cast-in-place pile n. 灌注桩terally loaded vertical piles n. 横向载荷桩90.slurry coat method n. 护壁泥浆91.rotatory boring cast-in-place pile n. 回转钻孔灌注桩92.silent piling n. 静力压桩93.uplift pile n. 抗拔桩94.anti-slide pile n. 抗滑桩95.dynamic compaction n. 强夯法96.artificial foundation n. 人工地基97.soft clay ground n. 软土地基98.collapsible loess treatment n. 湿陷性黄土地基处理99.cushion n. 换填法100.reinforcement method n. 加筋法101.displacement method n. 挤淤法。
土木工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
土木工程专业英语词汇(整理版)第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握第一部分：1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法2 专业英语 Specialty English3 水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering4 土木工程 Civil Engineering5 地下工程 Underground Engineering6 岩土工程 Geotechnical Engineering7 道路工程 Road (Highway) Engineering8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering9 隧道工程 Tunnel Engineering10 工程力学 Engineering Mechanics11 交通工程 Traffic Engineering12 港口工程 Port Engineering13 安全性 safety17木结构 timber structure18 砌体结构 masonry structure19 混凝土结构concrete structure20 钢结构 steelstructure21 钢 - 混凝土复合结构 steel and concrete composite structure22 素混凝土 plain concrete23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete24 钢筋 rebar25 预应力混凝土 pre-stressed concrete26 静定结构statically determinate structure27 超静定结构 statically indeterminate structure28 桁架结构 truss structure29 空间网架结构 spatial grid structure30 近海工程 offshore engineering31 静力学 statics32运动学kinematics33 动力学dynamics34 简支梁 simply supported beam35 固定支座 fixed bearing36弹性力学 elasticity37 塑性力学 plasticity38 弹塑性力学 elaso-plasticity39 断裂力学 fracture Mechanics40 土力学 soil mechanics41 水力学 hydraulics42 流体力学 fluid mechanics精品文库43 固体力学solid mechanics44 集中力 concentrated force45 压力 pressure46 静水压力 hydrostatic pressure47 均布压力 uniform pressure48 体力 body force49 重力 gravity50 线荷载 line load51 弯矩 bending moment52 扭矩 torque53 应力 stress54 应变 stain55 正应力 normal stress56 剪应力 shearing stress57 主应力 principal stress58 变形 deformation59 内力 internal force60 偏移量挠度 deflection61 沉降settlement62 屈曲失稳 buckle63 轴力 axial force64 允许应力 allowable stress65 疲劳分析 fatigue analysis66 梁 beam67 壳 shell68 板 plate69 桥 bridge70 桩 pile71 主动土压力 active earth pressure72 被动土压力 passive earth pressure73 承载力 load-bearing capacity74 水位 water Height75 位移 displacement76 结构力学 structural mechanics77 材料力学 material mechanics78 经纬仪 altometer79 水准仪level80 学科 discipline81 子学科 sub-discipline82 期刊 journal periodical83 文献literature84 国际标准刊号ISSN International Standard Serial Number精品文库85 国际标准书号ISBN International Standard Book Number86 卷 volume87 期 number88 专著 monograph89 会议论文集 Proceeding90 学位论文 thesis dissertation91 专利 patent92 档案档案室 archive93 国际学术会议 conference94 导师 advisor95 学位论文答辩 defense of thesis96 博士研究生 doctorate student97 研究生 postgraduate98 工程索引EI Engineering Index99 科学引文索引SCI Science Citation Index100 科学技术会议论文集索引ISTP Index to Science and Tec hnology Proceedings101 题目 title102 摘要 abstract103 全文 full-text104 参考文献 reference105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation106 主题词 Subject107 关键字 keyword108 美国土木工程师协会ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers109 联邦公路总署FHWA Federal Highway Administration110 国际标准组织ISO International Standard Organization111 解析方法 analytical method112 数值方法 numerical method113 计算 computation114 说明书 instruction115 规范 Specification Code第二部分：岩土工程专业词汇1.geotechnical engineering 岩土工程2.foundation engineering 基础工程3.soil earth 土4.soil mechanics 土力学5.cyclic loading 周期荷载6.unloading 卸载7.reloading 再加载8.viscoelastic foundation 粘弹性地基9.viscous damping 粘滞阻尼10.shear modulus 剪切模量精品文库11.soil dynamics 土动力学12.stress path 应力路径13.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学二.土的分类1.residual soil 残积土 groundwater level 地下水位2.groundwater 地下水 groundwater table 地下水位3.clay minerals 粘土矿物4.secondary minerals 次生矿物ndslides 滑坡6.bore hole columnar section 钻孔柱状图7.engineering geologic investigation 工程地质勘察8.boulder 漂石9.cobble 卵石10.gravel 砂石11.gravelly sand 砾砂12.coarse sand 粗砂13.medium sand 中砂14.fine sand 细砂15.silty sand 粉土16.clayey soil 粘性土17.clay 粘土18.silty clay 粉质粘土19.silt 粉土20.sandy silt 砂质粉土21.clayey silt 粘质粉土22.saturated soil 饱和土23.unsaturated soil 非饱和土24.fill (soil) 填土25.overconsolidated soil 超固结土26.normally consolidated soil 正常固结土27.underconsolidated soil 欠固结土28.zonal soil 区域性土29.soft clay 软粘土30.expansive (swelling) soil 膨胀土31.peat 泥炭32.loess 黄土33.frozen soil 冻土24.degree of saturation 饱和度25.dry unit weight 干重度26.moist unit weight 湿重度45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会精品文库四.渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’s law 达西定律2.piping 管涌3.flowing soil 流土4.sand boiling 砂沸5.flow net 流网6.seepage 渗透（流）7.leakage 渗流8.seepage pressure 渗透压力9.permeability 渗透性10.seepage force 渗透力11.hydraulic gradient 水力梯度12.coefficient of permeability 渗透系数五.地基应力和变形1.soft soil 软土2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile 打入桩（负）摩阻力3.effective stress 有效应力4.total stress 总应力5.field vane shear strength 十字板抗剪强度6.low activity 低活性7.sensitivity 灵敏度8.triaxial test 三轴试验9.foundation design 基础设计10.recompaction 再压缩11.bearing capacity 承载力12.soil mass 土体13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力）14.concentrated load 集中荷载15.a semi-infinite elastic solid 半无限弹性体16.homogeneous 均质17.isotropic 各向同性18.strip footing 条基19.square spread footing 方形独立基础20.underlying soil (stratum strata)下卧层（土）21.dead load =sustained load 恒载持续荷载22.live load 活载23.short –term transient load 短期瞬时荷载24.long-term transient load 长期荷载25.reduced load 折算荷载26.settlement 沉降27.deformation 变形28.casing 套管精品文库29.dike=dyke 堤（防）30.clay fraction 粘粒粒组31.physical properties 物理性质32.subgrade 路基33.well-graded soil 级配良好土34.poorly-graded soil 级配不良土35.normal stresses 正应力36.shear stresses 剪应力37.principal plane 主平面38.major (intermediate minor) principal stress 最大（中、最小）主应力39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition 摩尔-库仑破坏条件40.FEM=finite element method 有限元法41.limit equilibrium method 极限平衡法42.pore water pressure 孔隙水压力43.preconsolidation pressure 先期固结压力44.modulus of compressibility 压缩模量45.coefficent of compressibility 压缩系数pression index 压缩指数47.swelling index 回弹指数48.geostatic stress 自重应力49.additional stress 附加应力50.total stress 总应力51.final settlement 最终沉降52.slip line 滑动线六.基坑开挖与降水1 excavation 开挖（挖方）2 dewatering （基坑）降水3 failure of foundation 基坑失稳4 bracing of foundation pit 基坑围护5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6 retaining wall 挡土墙7 pore-pressure distribution 孔压分布8 dewatering method 降低地下水位法9 well point system 井点系统（轻型）10 deep well point 深井点11 vacuum well point 真空井点12 braced cuts 支撑围护13 braced excavation 支撑开挖14 braced sheeting 支撑挡板七.深基础--deep foundation1.pile foundation 桩基础1)cast –in-place 灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile 沉管灌注桩bored pile 钻孔桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile 机控异型灌注桩piles set into rock 嵌岩灌注桩rammed bulb pile 夯扩桩2)belled pier foundation 钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation 钻孔扩底墩under-reamed bored pier3)precast concrete pile 预制混凝土桩4)steel pile 钢桩steel pipe pile 钢管桩steel sheet pile 钢板桩5)prestressed concrete pile 预应力混凝土桩prestressed concrete pipe pile 预应力混凝土管桩2.caisson foundation 沉井（箱）3.diaphragm wall 地下连续墙截水墙4.friction pile 摩擦桩5.end-bearing pile 端承桩6.shaft 竖井；桩身7.wave equation analysis 波动方程分析8.pile caps 承台（桩帽）9.bearing capacity of single pile 单桩承载力teral pile load test 单桩横向载荷试验11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile 单桩横向极限承载力12.static load test of pile 单桩竖向静荷载试验13.vertical allowable load capacity 单桩竖向容许承载力14.low pile cap 低桩承台15.high-rise pile cap 高桩承台16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile 单桩抗拔极限承载力17.silent piling 静力压桩18.uplift pile 抗拔桩19.anti-slide pile 抗滑桩20.pile groups 群桩21.efficiency factor of pile groups 群桩效率系数（η）22.efficiency of pile groups 群桩效应23.dynamic pile testing 桩基动测技术24.final set 最后贯入度25.dynamic load test of pile 桩动荷载试验26.pile integrity test 桩的完整性试验27.pile head=butt 桩头28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe 桩端（头）29.pile spacing 桩距30.pile plan 桩位布置图31.arrangement of piles =pile layout 桩的布置32.group action 群桩作用33.end bearing=tip resistance 桩端阻34.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance 桩侧阻35.pile cushion 桩垫36.pile driving(by vibration) （振动）打桩37.pile pulling test 拔桩试验38.pile shoe 桩靴39.pile noise 打桩噪音40.pile rig 打桩机九.固结 consolidation1.Terzzaghi’s consolidation theory 太沙基固结理论2.Barraon’s consolidation theory 巴隆固结理论3.Biot’s consolidation theory 比奥固结理论4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结比5.overconsolidation soil 超固结土6.excess pore water pressure 超孔压力7.multi-dimensional consolidation 多维固结8.one-dimensional consolidation 一维固结9.primary consolidation 主固结10.secondary consolidation 次固结11.degree of consolidation 固结度12.consolidation test 固结试验13.consolidation curve 固结曲线14.time factor Tv 时间因子15.coefficient of consolidation 固结系数16.preconsolidation pressure 前期固结压力17.principle of effective stress 有效应力原理18.consolidation under K0 condition K0 固结十.抗剪强度 shear strength1.undrained shear strength 不排水抗剪强度2.residual strength 残余强度3.long-term strength 长期强度4.peak strength 峰值强度5.shear strain rate 剪切应变速率6.dilatation 剪胀7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法 8.total stress approach of shear strength 抗剪强度总应力法9.Mohr-Coulomb theory 莫尔－库仑理论10.angle of internal friction 内摩擦角11.cohesion 粘聚力12.failure criterion 破坏准则13.vane strength 十字板抗剪强度14.unconfined compression 无侧限抗压强度15.effective stress failure envelop 有效应力破坏包线16.effective stress strength parameter 有效应力强度参数十一.本构模型--constitutive model1.elastic model 弹性模型2.nonlinear elastic model 非线性弹性模型3.elastoplastic model 弹塑性模型4.viscoelastic model 粘弹性模型5.boundary surface model 边界面模型6.Du ncan-Chang model 邓肯－张模型7.rigid plastic model 刚塑性模型8.cap model 盖帽模型9.work softening 加工软化10.work hardening 加工硬化11.Cambridge model 剑桥模型12.ideal elastoplastic model 理想弹塑性模型13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion 莫尔－库仑屈服准则14.yield surface 屈服面15.elastic half-space foundation model 弹性半空间地基模型16.elastic modulus 弹性模量17.Winkler foundation model 文克尔地基模型十二.地基承载力--bearing capacity of foundation soil1.punching shear failure 冲剪破坏2.general shear failure 整体剪切破化3.local shear failure 局部剪切破坏4.state of limit equilibrium 极限平衡状态5.critical edge pressure 临塑荷载6.stability of foundation soil 地基稳定性7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil 地基极限承载力8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil 地基容许承载力十三.土压力--earth pressure1.active earth pressure 主动土压力2.passive earth pressure 被动土压力3.earth pressure at rest 静止土压力4.Coulomb’s earth pressure theory 库仑土压力理论5.Rankine’s earth pressure theory 朗金土压力理论十四.土坡稳定分析--slope stability analysis1.angle of repose 休止角2.Bishop method 毕肖普法3.safety factor of slope 边坡稳定安全系数4.Fellenius method of slices 费纽伦斯条分法5.Swedish circle method 瑞典圆弧滑动法6.slices method 条分法十五.挡土墙--retaining wall1.stability of retaining wall 挡土墙稳定性2.foundation wall 基础墙3.counter retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙4.cantilever retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙5.cantilever sheet pile wall 悬臂式板桩墙6.gravity retaining wall 重力式挡土墙7.anchored plate retaining wall 锚定板挡土墙8.anchored sheet pile wall 锚定板板桩墙十六.板桩结构物--sheet pile structure1.steel sheet pile 钢板桩2.reinforced concrete sheet pile 钢筋混凝土板桩3.steel piles 钢桩4.wooden sheet pile 木板桩5.timber piles 木桩十七.浅基础--shallow foundation1.box foundation 箱型基础2.mat(raft) foundation 片筏基础3.strip foundation 条形基础4.spread footing 扩展基础pensated foundation 补偿性基础6.bearing stratum 持力层7.rigid foundation 刚性基础8.flexible foundation 柔性基础9.emxxxxbedded depth of foundation 基础埋置深度 foundation pressure 基底附加应力11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis 上部结构－基础－地基共同作用分析十八.土的动力性质--dynamic properties of soils1.dynamic strength of soils 动强度2.wave velocity method 波速法3.material damping 材料阻尼4.geometric damping 几何阻尼5.damping ratio 阻尼比6.initial liquefaction 初始液化7.natural period of soil site 地基固有周期8.dynamic shear modulus of soils 动剪切模量9.dynamic ma二十.地基基础抗震1.earthquake engineering 地震工程2.soil dynamics 土动力学3.duration of earthquake 地震持续时间4.earthquake response spectrum 地震反应谱5.earthquake intensity 地震烈度6.earthquake magnitude 震级7.seismic predominant period 地震卓越周期8.maximum acceleration of earthquake 地震最大加速度二十一.室内土工实验1.high pressure consolidation test 高压固结试验2.consolidation under K0 condition K0 固结试验3.falling head permeability 变水头试验4.constant head permeability 常水头渗透试验5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test 不固结不排水试验(UU)6.consolidated undrained triaxial test 固结不排水试验(CU)7.consolidated drained triaxial test 固结排水试验(CD)paction test 击实试验9.consolidated quick direct shear test 固结快剪试验10.quick direct shear test 快剪试验11.consolidated drained direct shear test 慢剪试验12.sieve analysis 筛分析13.geotechnical model test 土工模型试验14.centrifugal model test 离心模型试验15.direct shear apparatus 直剪仪16.direct shear test 直剪试验17.direct simple shear test 直接单剪试验18.dynamic triaxial test 三轴试验19.dynamic simple shear 动单剪20.free（resonance）vibration column test 自(共)振柱试验二十二.原位测试1.standard penetration test (SPT)标准贯入试验2.surface wave test (SWT) 表面波试验3.dynamic penetration test(DPT) 动力触探试验4.static cone penetration (SPT) 静力触探试验5.plate loading test 静力荷载试验teral load test of pile 单桩横向载荷试验7.static load test of pile 单桩竖向荷载试验8.cross-hole test 跨孔试验9.screw plate test 螺旋板载荷试验10.pressuremeter test 旁压试验11.light sounding 轻便触探试验12.deep settlement measurement 深层沉降观测13.vane shear test 十字板剪切试验14.field permeability test 现场渗透试验15.in-situ pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水压量测16.in-situ soil test 原位试验第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握第一部分：1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法2 专业英语 Specialty English3 水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering4 土木工程 Civil Engineering5 地下工程 Underground Engineering6 岩土工程 Geotechnical Engineering7 道路工程 Road (Highway) Engineering8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering9 隧道工程 Tunnel Engineering10 工程力学 Engineering Mechanics11 交通工程 Traffic Engineering12 港口工程 Port Engineering13 安全性 safety17木结构 timber structure18 砌体结构 masonry structure19 混凝土结构concrete structure20 钢结构 steelstructure21 钢 - 混凝土复合结构 steel and concrete composite structure22 素混凝土 plain concrete23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete24 钢筋 rebar25 预应力混凝土 pre-stressed concrete26 静定结构statically determinate structure27 超静定结构 statically indeterminate structure28 桁架结构 truss structure29 空间网架结构 spatial grid structure30 近海工程 offshore engineering31 静力学 statics32运动学kinematics33 动力学dynamics34 简支梁 simply supported beam35 固定支座 fixed bearing36弹性力学 elasticity37 塑性力学 plasticity38 弹塑性力学 elaso-plasticity39 断裂力学 fracture Mechanics40 土力学 soil mechanics精品文库41 水力学 hydraulics42 流体力学 fluid mechanics43 固体力学solid mechanics44 集中力 concentrated force45 压力 pressure46 静水压力 hydrostatic pressure47 均布压力 uniform pressure48 体力 body force49 重力 gravity50 线荷载 line load51 弯矩 bending moment52 扭矩 torque53 应力 stress54 应变 stain55 正应力 normal stress56 剪应力 shearing stress57 主应力 principal stress58 变形 deformation59 内力 internal force60 偏移量挠度 deflection61 沉降settlement62 屈曲失稳 buckle63 轴力 axial force64 允许应力 allowable stress65 疲劳分析 fatigue analysis66 梁 beam67 壳 shell68 板 plate69 桥 bridge70 桩 pile71 主动土压力 active earth pressure72 被动土压力 passive earth pressure73 承载力 load-bearing capacity74 水位 water Height75 位移 displacement76 结构力学 structural mechanics77 材料力学 material mechanics78 经纬仪 altometer79 水准仪level80 学科 discipline81 子学科 sub-discipline82 期刊 journal periodical精品文库83 文献literature84 国际标准刊号ISSN International Standard Serial Number85 国际标准书号ISBN International Standard Book Number86 卷 volume87 期 number88 专著 monograph89 会议论文集 Proceeding90 学位论文 thesis dissertation91 专利 patent92 档案档案室 archive93 国际学术会议 conference94 导师 advisor95 学位论文答辩 defense of thesis96 博士研究生 doctorate student97 研究生 postgraduate98 工程索引EI Engineering Index99 科学引文索引SCI Science Citation Index100 科学技术会议论文集索引ISTP Index to Science and Tec hnology Proceedings101 题目 title102 摘要 abstract103 全文 full-text104 参考文献 reference105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation106 主题词 Subject107 关键字 keyword108 美国土木工程师协会ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers109 联邦公路总署FHWA Federal Highway Administration110 国际标准组织ISO International Standard Organization111 解析方法 analytical method112 数值方法 numerical method113 计算 computation114 说明书 instruction115 规范 Specification Code第二部分：岩土工程专业词汇1.geotechnical engineering 岩土工程2.foundation engineering 基础工程3.soil earth 土4.soil mechanics 土力学5.cyclic loading 周期荷载6.unloading 卸载7.reloading 再加载8.viscoelastic foundation 粘弹性地基精品文库9.viscous damping 粘滞阻尼10.shear modulus 剪切模量11.soil dynamics 土动力学12.stress path 应力路径13.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学二.土的分类1.residual soil 残积土 groundwater level 地下水位2.groundwater 地下水 groundwater table 地下水位3.clay minerals 粘土矿物4.secondary minerals 次生矿物ndslides 滑坡6.bore hole columnar section 钻孔柱状图7.engineering geologic investigation 工程地质勘察8.boulder 漂石9.cobble 卵石10.gravel 砂石11.gravelly sand 砾砂12.coarse sand 粗砂13.medium sand 中砂14.fine sand 细砂15.silty sand 粉土16.clayey soil 粘性土17.clay 粘土18.silty clay 粉质粘土19.silt 粉土20.sandy silt 砂质粉土21.clayey silt 粘质粉土22.saturated soil 饱和土23.unsaturated soil 非饱和土24.fill (soil) 填土25.overconsolidated soil 超固结土26.normally consolidated soil 正常固结土27.underconsolidated soil 欠固结土28.zonal soil 区域性土29.soft clay 软粘土30.expansive (swelling) soil 膨胀土31.peat 泥炭32.loess 黄土33.frozen soil 冻土24.degree of saturation 饱和度25.dry unit weight 干重度26.moist unit weight 湿重度精品文库45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会四.渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’s law 达西定律2.piping 管涌3.flowing soil 流土4.sand boiling 砂沸5.flow net 流网6.seepage 渗透（流）7.leakage 渗流8.seepage pressure 渗透压力9.permeability 渗透性10.seepage force 渗透力11.hydraulic gradient 水力梯度12.coefficient of permeability 渗透系数五.地基应力和变形1.soft soil 软土2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile 打入桩（负）摩阻力3.effective stress 有效应力4.total stress 总应力5.field vane shear strength 十字板抗剪强度6.low activity 低活性7.sensitivity 灵敏度8.triaxial test 三轴试验9.foundation design 基础设计10.recompaction 再压缩11.bearing capacity 承载力12.soil mass 土体13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力）14.concentrated load 集中荷载15.a semi-infinite elastic solid 半无限弹性体16.homogeneous 均质17.isotropic 各向同性18.strip footing 条基19.square spread footing 方形独立基础20.underlying soil (stratum strata)下卧层（土）21.dead load =sustained load 恒载持续荷载22.live load 活载23.short –term transient load 短期瞬时荷载24.long-term transient load 长期荷载25.reduced load 折算荷载26.settlement 沉降精品文库27.deformation 变形28.casing 套管29.dike=dyke 堤（防）30.clay fraction 粘粒粒组31.physical properties 物理性质32.subgrade 路基33.well-graded soil 级配良好土34.poorly-graded soil 级配不良土35.normal stresses 正应力36.shear stresses 剪应力37.principal plane 主平面38.major (intermediate minor) principal stress 最大（中、最小）主应力39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition 摩尔-库仑破坏条件40.FEM=finite element method 有限元法41.limit equilibrium method 极限平衡法42.pore water pressure 孔隙水压力43.preconsolidation pressure 先期固结压力44.modulus of compressibility 压缩模量45.coefficent of compressibility 压缩系数pression index 压缩指数47.swelling index 回弹指数48.geostatic stress 自重应力49.additional stress 附加应力50.total stress 总应力51.final settlement 最终沉降52.slip line 滑动线六.基坑开挖与降水1 excavation 开挖（挖方）2 dewatering （基坑）降水3 failure of foundation 基坑失稳4 bracing of foundation pit 基坑围护5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6 retaining wall 挡土墙7 pore-pressure distribution 孔压分布8 dewatering method 降低地下水位法9 well point system 井点系统（轻型）10 deep well point 深井点11 vacuum well point 真空井点12 braced cuts 支撑围护13 braced excavation 支撑开挖14 braced sheeting 支撑挡板七.深基础--deep foundation1.pile foundation 桩基础1)cast –in-place 灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile 沉管灌注桩bored pile 钻孔桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile 机控异型灌注桩piles set into rock 嵌岩灌注桩rammed bulb pile 夯扩桩2)belled pier foundation 钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation 钻孔扩底墩under-reamed bored pier3)precast concrete pile 预制混凝土桩4)steel pile 钢桩steel pipe pile 钢管桩steel sheet pile 钢板桩5)prestressed concrete pile 预应力混凝土桩prestressed concrete pipe pile 预应力混凝土管桩2.caisson foundation 沉井（箱）3.diaphragm wall 地下连续墙截水墙4.friction pile 摩擦桩5.end-bearing pile 端承桩6.shaft 竖井；桩身7.wave equation analysis 波动方程分析8.pile caps 承台（桩帽）9.bearing capacity of single pile 单桩承载力teral pile load test 单桩横向载荷试验11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile 单桩横向极限承载力12.static load test of pile 单桩竖向静荷载试验13.vertical allowable load capacity 单桩竖向容许承载力14.low pile cap 低桩承台15.high-rise pile cap 高桩承台16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile 单桩抗拔极限承载力17.silent piling 静力压桩18.uplift pile 抗拔桩19.anti-slide pile 抗滑桩20.pile groups 群桩21.efficiency factor of pile groups 群桩效率系数（η）22.efficiency of pile groups 群桩效应23.dynamic pile testing 桩基动测技术24.final set 最后贯入度25.dynamic load test of pile 桩动荷载试验26.pile integrity test 桩的完整性试验27.pile head=butt 桩头28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe 桩端（头）29.pile spacing 桩距30.pile plan 桩位布置图31.arrangement of piles =pile layout 桩的布置32.group action 群桩作用33.end bearing=tip resistance 桩端阻34.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance 桩侧阻35.pile cushion 桩垫36.pile driving(by vibration) （振动）打桩37.pile pulling test 拔桩试验38.pile shoe 桩靴39.pile noise 打桩噪音40.pile rig 打桩机九.固结 consolidation1.Terzzaghi’s consolidation theory 太沙基固结理论2.Barraon’s consolidation theory 巴隆固结理论3.Biot’s consolidation theory 比奥固结理论4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结比5.overconsolidation soil 超固结土6.excess pore water pressure 超孔压力7.multi-dimensional consolidation 多维固结8.one-dimensional consolidation 一维固结9.primary consolidation 主固结10.secondary consolidation 次固结11.degree of consolidation 固结度12.consolidation test 固结试验13.consolidation curve 固结曲线14.time factor Tv 时间因子15.coefficient of consolidation 固结系数16.preconsolidation pressure 前期固结压力17.principle of effective stress 有效应力原理18.consolidation under K0 condition K0 固结十.抗剪强度 shear strength1.undrained shear strength 不排水抗剪强度2.residual strength 残余强度3.long-term strength 长期强度4.peak strength 峰值强度5.shear strain rate 剪切应变速率6.dilatation 剪胀7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法 8.total stress approach of shear strength 抗剪强度总应力法9.Mohr-Coulomb theory 莫尔－库仑理论10.angle of internal friction 内摩擦角11.cohesion 粘聚力12.failure criterion 破坏准则13.vane strength 十字板抗剪强度14.unconfined compression 无侧限抗压强度15.effective stress failure envelop 有效应力破坏包线16.effective stress strength parameter 有效应力强度参数十一.本构模型--constitutive model1.elastic model 弹性模型2.nonlinear elastic model 非线性弹性模型3.elastoplastic model 弹塑性模型4.viscoelastic model 粘弹性模型5.boundary surface model 边界面模型6.Du ncan-Chang model 邓肯－张模型7.rigid plastic model 刚塑性模型8.cap model 盖帽模型9.work softening 加工软化10.work hardening 加工硬化11.Cambridge model 剑桥模型12.ideal elastoplastic model 理想弹塑性模型13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion 莫尔－库仑屈服准则14.yield surface 屈服面15.elastic half-space foundation model 弹性半空间地基模型16.elastic modulus 弹性模量17.Winkler foundation model 文克尔地基模型十二.地基承载力--bearing capacity of foundation soil1.punching shear failure 冲剪破坏2.general shear failure 整体剪切破化3.local shear failure 局部剪切破坏4.state of limit equilibrium 极限平衡状态5.critical edge pressure 临塑荷载6.stability of foundation soil 地基稳定性7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil 地基极限承载力8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil 地基容许承载力十三.土压力--earth pressure1.active earth pressure 主动土压力2.passive earth pressure 被动土压力3.earth pressure at rest 静止土压力4.Coulomb’s earth pressure theory 库仑土压力理论5.Rankine’s earth pressure theo ry 朗金土压力理论十四.土坡稳定分析--slope stability analysis1.angle of repose 休止角2.Bishop method 毕肖普法3.safety factor of slope 边坡稳定安全系数4.Fellenius method of slices 费纽伦斯条分法5.Swedish circle method 瑞典圆弧滑动法6.slices method 条分法十五.挡土墙--retaining wall1.stability of retaining wall 挡土墙稳定性2.foundation wall 基础墙3.counter retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙4.cantilever retaining wall 悬臂式挡土墙5.cantilever sheet pile wall 悬臂式板桩墙6.gravity retaining wall 重力式挡土墙7.anchored plate retaining wall 锚定板挡土墙8.anchored sheet pile wall 锚定板板桩墙十六.板桩结构物--sheet pile structure1.steel sheet pile 钢板桩2.reinforced concrete sheet pile 钢筋混凝土板桩3.steel piles 钢桩4.wooden sheet pile 木板桩5.timber piles 木桩十七.浅基础--shallow foundation1.box foundation 箱型基础2.mat(raft) foundation 片筏基础3.strip foundation 条形基础4.spread footing 扩展基础pensated foundation 补偿性基础6.bearing stratum 持力层7.rigid foundation 刚性基础8.flexible foundation 柔性基础9.emxxxxbedded depth of foundation 基础埋置深度 foundation pressure 基底附加应力11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis 上部结构－基础－地基共同作用分析十八.土的动力性质--dynamic properties of soils1.dynamic strength of soils 动强度2.wave velocity method 波速法3.material damping 材料阻尼4.geometric damping 几何阻尼5.damping ratio 阻尼比6.initial liquefaction 初始液化7.natural period of soil site 地基固有周期8.dynamic shear modulus of soils 动剪切模量9.dynamic ma二十.地基基础抗震1.earthquake engineering 地震工程2.soil dynamics 土动力学3.duration of earthquake 地震持续时间4.earthquake response spectrum 地震反应谱5.earthquake intensity 地震烈度6.earthquake magnitude 震级7.seismic predominant period 地震卓越周期8.maximum acceleration of earthquake 地震最大加速度二十一.室内土工实验1.high pressure consolidation test 高压固结试验2.consolidation under K0 condition K0 固结试验3.falling head permeability 变水头试验4.constant head permeability 常水头渗透试验5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test 不固结不排水试验(UU)6.consolidated undrained triaxial test 固结不排水试验(CU)7.consolidated drained triaxial test 固结排水试验(CD)paction test 击实试验9.consolidated quick direct shear test 固结快剪试验10.quick direct shear test 快剪试验11.consolidated drained direct shear test 慢剪试验12.sieve analysis 筛分析13.geotechnical model test 土工模型试验14.centrifugal model test 离心模型试验15.direct shear apparatus 直剪仪16.direct shear test 直剪试验17.direct simple shear test 直接单剪试验18.dynamic triaxial test 三轴试验19.dynamic simple shear 动单剪20.free（resonance）vibration column test 自(共)振柱试验二十二.原位测试1.standard penetration test (SPT)标准贯入试验2.surface wave test (SWT) 表面波试验3.dynamic penetration test(DPT) 动力触探试验4.static cone penetration (SPT) 静力触探试验5.plate loading test 静力荷载试验teral load test of pile 单桩横向载荷试验7.static load test of pile 单桩竖向荷载试验8.cross-hole test 跨孔试验9.screw plate test 螺旋板载荷试验10.pressuremeter test 旁压试验11.light sounding 轻便触探试验12.deep settlement measurement 深层沉降观测13.vane shear test 十字板剪切试验14.field permeability test 现场渗透试验15.in-situ pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水压量测16.in-situ soil test 原位试验。
桩专有名词(中英)列表
完成，未完成
说明
yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi
yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi =结束时间-开始时间 yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi
=入岩时的测量深度+(基准-入岩时的护筒标高) yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi =确定终孔时间-确定入岩面时间
测孔hole survey
有，无
钢筋笼安装rebar cage installation
测孔-安笼时长reaming-rebar cage spend 是 安装结束时间rebar cage finish time 是 钢筋笼安装rebar cage installation 钢筋笼安装耗时rebar cage install spend 是 设计值rebar cage design top elevation 是 笼顶标高(m) 实测值rebar cage actual top elevation 是 设计值rebar cage design lenth 是 钢筋笼长(m) 实测值rebar cage actual lenth 是 开始时间tremie install start time 是 结束时间tremie install end time 是 导管安装tremie installation 导管安装耗时tremie install spend 是 导管总长(m)tremie total lenth 是 开始时间start time 是 完成时间finish time 是 二清final cleaning 二清耗时final cleaning spend 是 沉渣厚度(mm)Sediment Thickness 是 是 比重(g/cm3)density 黏度(秒)viscosity 是 泥浆slurry 含砂率(%)sand content 是 PH值 PH 是 第一车 1# cargo 是 第二车 2# cargo 是 第三车„ 是 第四车„ 是 塌落度(mm)slump 第五车 是 混凝土concrete 第六车 是 第七车 是 第八车 是 第九车 是 试块(组)concrete sample 是 开始时间start time 是 测孔-浇筑时长hole survey-concrete pouring spend 是 完成时间finish time 是 耗时(h）concrete pouring spend 是 浇筑混凝土concrete pouring 是 理论方量(m3)calculated concrete quantity 3 是 实际方量(m )actual concrete quantity 充盈系数overflow coefficient 是 状态status 是 备注remark 否 数据录入人data input person 是 数据录入时间data input time 是 检测信息，与桩基表进行关联（选择桩号、选择检测方式，不是所有的桩都进行检测） 文档关联 理论坐标 design coordinate 实际坐标 actual coordinate 桩位偏差 pile deviation 竖向静载 vertical static load detection 声波检测 acoustic wave detection 低应变检测 low strain detection
国外土建工作必备英语词汇总结
国外土建工作必备英语词汇总结在国外进行土建工作时，了解并掌握相关的英语词汇是非常重要的。
以下是一些必备的土建工作英语词汇总结：1. 基础 Foundation2. 桩 Pile3. 混凝土 Concrete4. 钢筋 Reinforcement Steel5. 模板 Formwork6. 土方开挖 Earthwork Excavation7. 回填 Backfill8. 混凝土浇筑 Concrete Pouring9. 钢筋加工 Reinforcement Steel Fabrication10. 混凝土养护 Concrete Curing11. 混凝土试块 Concrete Sample Block12. 混凝土强度 Concrete Strength13. 钢筋连接 Steel Connection14. 混凝土表面处理 Concrete Surface Treatment15. 排水系统 Drainage System16. 砌筑 Masonry17. 抹灰 Plastering18. 石膏石膏 Plaster of Paris19. 瓷砖 Tile20. 油漆 Paint21. 木工 Carpentry22. 水电安装 Plumbing and Electrical Installation23. 通风系统 Ventilation System24. 消防系统 Fire Protection System25. 安全设施 Safety Facilities26. 验收 Acceptance Check27. 保修 Warranty28. 工程记录 Project Records29. 施工计划 Construction Plan30. 工程量清单 Bill of Quantities31. 工程预算 Project Budget32. 工程结算 Project Settlement33. 工程变更 Engineering Change Order (ECO)34. 工程延期 Extension of Time (EOT)35. 索赔 Claims36. 分包 Subcontracting37. 材料 Material38. 供应商 Supplier39. 施工机械 Construction Equipment40. 工作许可证 Work Permit41. 环境影响评估 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)42. 安全培训 Safety Training43. 安全演习 Safety Drill44. 施工图纸 Construction Drawings45. 技术规格 Technical Specifications (TS)46. 工程管理 Project Management (PM)47. 项目管理软件 Project Management Software (PMS)48. 工程进度监控 Project Progress Monitoring (PPM)49. 工程质量管理 Project Quality Management (PQM)50. 工程安全管理 Project Safety Management (PSM)51. 合同管理 Contract Administration (CA)52. 成本估算 Cost Estimation (CE)53. 工程变更指令 Engineering Change Directive (ECD)54. 工期延误索赔 Extension of Time Claim (ETC)55. 工程保险 Project Insurance (PI)56. 验收测试和演示 Acceptance Test and Demonstration (ATD)57. 项目后评估 Post-project Evaluation (PPE)58. 项目总结 Project Summary (PS)59. 项目移交 Project Handover (PH)60. 项目审计 Project Audit (PA)61. 项目团队 Project Team (PT)62. 项目经理 Project Manager (PM)63. 工料测量师 Quantity Surveyor (QS)64. 总承包商 General Contractor (GC)65. 分包商 Subcontractor (SC)66. 设计顾问 Design Consultant (DC)67. 承包商 Contractor (C)68. 发包人 Employer (E)69. 工料合同 Labour and Materials Contract (L&M)。
土木工程专业名词
地基和基础术语工程结构设计的地基和基础术语及其涵义,应符合下列规定:1. 扩展(扩大)基础spread foundation将块石或混凝土砌筑的截面适当扩大,以适应地基容许承载能力或变形的天然地基基础. 2. 刚性基础rigid foundation基础底部扩展部分不超过基础材料刚性角的天然地基基础.3. 独立基础single footing用于单柱下并按材料和受力状态选定型式的基础.4. 联合基础combined footing有两根或两根以上的立柱(简体)共用的基础,或两种不同型式基础共同工作的基础.5. 条形基础strip founcation水平长而狭的带状基础6. 壳体基础shell foundation以壳体结构形成的空间薄壁基础.7. 箱形基础box foundation由钢筋混凝土底板,顶板侧墙板和一定数量的内隔墙板组成整体的形似箱形的基础.8. 筏形基础raft foundation支承整个建筑物或构筑物的大面积整体钢筋混凝土板式或梁板式基础.9. 桩基础pile foundation由桩连接桩顶,桩帽和承台组成的深基础.10. 沉井基础open caisson foundation上下敞口带刃脚的空心井筒状结构下沉水中到设计标高处,以井筒作为结构外壳而建筑成的基础.11. 管柱基础cylinder pile foundation ; cylinder caisson foundation大直径钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土圆管,用人工或机械清除管内土,石,下沉至地基中, 固于岩层或坚实地层的基础.12. 沉箱基础caisson foundation用气压排水,开挖水下土(岩)层,把闭口箱下沉到设计标高所建成的基础.13. 路基subgrade of highway (railway)道路路面或铁路轨道下面的基础结构,高于原地面的填方路基称路堤,低于原地面的挖方路基称路堑.14. 基床bed ; bedding一般指天然地基上开挖(或不开挖)的基槽,基坑,经回填处理,形成可以扩散上部结构荷载传给地基的传力层,分明基床和暗基床两类.结构可靠性和设计方法术语工程结构的可靠性和设计方法术语及其涵义应符合下列规定:1. 可靠性reliability结构在规定的时间内,在规定的条件下,完成预定功能的能力,它包括结构的安全性,适用性和耐久性,当以概率来度量时,称可靠度.2. 安全性safety结构在正常施工和正常使用条件下,承受可能出现的各种作用的能力,以及在偶然事件发生时和发生后,仍保持必要的整体稳定性的能力.3. 适用性serviceability结构在正常使用条件下,满足预定使用要求的能力.4. 耐久性durability结构在正常维护条件下,随时间变化而仍能满足预定功能要求的能力.5. 基本变量basic variable影响结构可靠度的各主要变量,它们一般是随机变量.6. 设计基准期design reference period进行结构可靠性分析时,考虑各项基本变量与时间关系所取用的基准时间.7. 可靠概率probability of survival结构或构件能完成预定功能的概率.8. 失效概率probability of failure结构或构件不能完成预定功能的概率.9. 可靠指标reliability index度量结构可靠性的一种数量指标.它是标准正态分布反函数可在可靠概率处的函数值,并与失效概率在数值上有一一对应的关系.10. 校准法calibration通过对现存结构或构件安全系数的反演分析来确定设计时采用的结构或构件可靠指标的方法.11. 定值设计法deterministic method基本变量作为非随机变量的设计计算方法,其中,采用以概率理论为基础所确定的失效概率来度量结构的可靠性.12. 概率设计法probabilistic method基本变量作为随机变量的设计计算方法.其中,采用以概率理论为基础所确定的失效概率来度量结构的可靠性.13. 容许应力设计法permissible (allowable) stresses method以结构构件截面计算应力不大于规范规定的材料容许应力的原则,进行结构构件设计计算方法.14. 破坏强度设计法ultimate strength method考虑结构材料破坏阶段的工作状态进行结构构件设计计算的方法,又名极限设计法,苛载系数设计法,破损阶段设计法,极限荷载设计法.15. 极限状态设计法limit states method以防止结构或构件达到某种功能要求的极限状态作为依据的结构设计计算方法.16. 极限状态limit states结构或构件能够满足设计规定的某一功能要求的临界状态,超过这一状态,结构或构件便不再满足对该功能的要求.17. 极限状态方程limit state equation当结构或构件处于极限状态时,各有关基本变量的关系式.18. 承载能力极限状态ultimate limit states结构或构件达到最大承载能力,或达到不适于继续承载的变形的极限状态.19. 正常使用极限状态serviceability limit states结构或构件达到使用功能上允许的某一限值的极限状态.20. 分项系数partial safety factor用极限状态法设计时,为了保证所设计的结构或构件具有规定的可靠,而在计算模式中采用的系数,分为作用分项系数和抗力分项系数两类.21. 设计状况design situation以不同的设计要求,区别对待结构在设计基准期中处于不同条件下所受到的影响,作为结构设计选定体系,,设计值,可靠性要求等的依据.22. 持久状况persistent situation出现的持续时间长,几乎与结构设计基准期相同的设计状况.23. 短暂状况transient situation出现的持续时间较短,而出现概率高的设计状况.24. 偶然状况accidental situation偶然事件发生时或发生后,其出现的持续时间短,而出现概率低的设计状况.结构上的作用、作用代表值和作用效应术语工程结构上的作用,作用代表值和作用效应术语及其涵义应符合下列规定:1. 作用action施加在结构上的一组集中力或分布力,或引起结构外加变形或约束变形的原因.前者称直接作用,后者称间接作用.2. 荷载load指施加在结构上的集中力或分布力.3. 线分布力force per unit length施加在结构或构件单位长度上的力.4. 面分布力force per unit area施加在结构或构件单位面积上的力,亦称压强.5. 体分布力force per unit volume施加在结构或构件单位体积上的力.6. 力矩moment of force力与力臂的乘积7. 永久作用permanent action在设计基准期内量值不随时间变化的作用,或其变化与平均值相比可以忽略不计的作用.其中,直接作用亦称恒荷载.8. 可变作用variable action在设计基准期内量值随时间变化且其变化与平均值相比不可以忽略的作用.其中,直接作用亦称活荷载.9. 偶然作用accidental action在设计基准期内不一定出现而一旦出现其量值很大且持续时间较短的作用。
土木工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握第一部分：1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法2 专业英语Specialty English3 水利工程Hydraulic Engineering4 土木工程Civil Engineering5 地下工程Underground Engineering6 岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engineering8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics11 交通工程Traffic Engineering12 港口工程Port Engineering13 安全性safety17木结构timber structure18 砌体结构masonry structure19 混凝土结构concrete structure20 钢结构steelstructure21 钢-混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure22 素混凝土plain concrete23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete24 钢筋rebar25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete26 静定结构statically determinate structure27 超静定结构statically indeterminate structure 28 桁架结构truss structure29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure30 近海工程offshore engineering31 静力学statics32运动学kinematics33 动力学dynamics34 简支梁simply supported beam35 固定支座fixed bearing36弹性力学elasticity37 塑性力学plasticity38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics40 土力学soil mechanics41 水力学hydraulics42 流体力学fluid mechanics43 固体力学solid mechanics44 集中力concentrated force45 压力pressure46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure47 均布压力uniform pressure48 体力body force49 重力gravity50 线荷载line load51 弯矩bending moment52 torque 扭矩53 应力stress54 应变stain55 正应力normal stress56 剪应力shearing stress57 主应力principal stress58 变形deformation59 内力internal force60 偏移量挠度deflection61 settlement 沉降62 屈曲失稳buckle63 轴力axial force64 允许应力allowable stress65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis66 梁beam67 壳shell68 板plate69 桥bridge70 桩pile71 主动土压力active earth pressure72 被动土压力passive earth pressure73 承载力load-bearing capacity74 水位water Height75 位移displacement76 结构力学structural mechanics77 材料力学material mechanics78 经纬仪altometer79 水准仪level80 学科discipline81 子学科sub-discipline82 期刊journal ,periodical83文献literature84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号86 卷volume87 期number 88 专著monograph89 会议论文集Proceeding90 学位论文thesis, dissertation91 专利patent92 档案档案室archive93 国际学术会议conference94 导师advisor95 学位论文答辩defense of thesis96 博士研究生doctorate student97 研究生postgraduate98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学技术会议论文集索引101 题目title102 摘要abstract103 全文full-text104 参考文献reference105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation106 主题词Subject107 关键字keyword108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署110 ISO International Standard Organization111 解析方法analytical method112 数值方法numerical method113 计算computation114 说明书instruction第二部分：岩土工程专业词汇1.geotechnical engineering岩土工程2.foundation engineering基础工程3.soil, earth土4.soil mechanics土力学cyclic loading周期荷载unloading卸载reloading再加载viscoelastic foundation粘弹性地基viscous damping粘滞阻尼shear modulus剪切模量5.soil dynamics土动力学6.stress path应力路径7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学二. 土的分类 1.residual soil残积土groundwater level地下水位 2.groundwater 地下水groundwater table地下水位 3.clay minerals粘土矿物 4.secondary minerals次生矿物 ndslides滑坡 6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravelly sand砾砂12.coarse sand粗砂13.medium sand中砂14.fine sand细砂15.silty sand粉土16.clayey soil粘性土17.clay粘土18.silty clay粉质粘土19.silt粉土20.sandy silt 砂质粉土21.clayey silt粘质粉土22.saturated soil饱和土23.unsaturated soil非饱和土24.fill (soil)填土25.overconsolidated soil超固结土26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土28.zonal soil区域性土29.soft clay软粘土30.expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土31.peat泥炭32.loess 黄土33.frozen soil冻土24.degree of saturation饱和度25.dry unit weight干重度26.moist unit weight湿重度45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会四. 渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’s law 达西定律2.piping管涌3.flowing soil流土4.sand boiling砂沸5.flow net流网6.seepage渗透（流）7.leakage渗流8.seepage pressure渗透压力9.permeability渗透性10.seepage force渗透力11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度12.coefficient of permeability渗透系数五. 地基应力和变形1.soft soil软土2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩（负）摩阻力3.effective stress有效应力4.total stress 总应力5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度6.low activity低活性7.sensitivity灵敏度8.triaxial test三轴试验9.foundation design基础设计10.recompaction再压缩11.bearing capacity承载力12.soil mass土体13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力）14.concentrated load集中荷载15.a semi-infinite elastic solid半无限弹性体16.homogeneous均质17.isotropic各向同性18.strip footing条基19.square spread footing方形独立基础20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土）21.dead load =sustained load恒载持续荷载22.live load 活载23.short –term transient load短期瞬时荷载24.long-term transient load长期荷载25.reduced load折算荷载26.settlement沉降27.deformation变形28.casing套管29.dike=dyke堤（防）30.clay fraction粘粒粒组31.physical properties物理性质32.subgrade路基33.well-graded soil级配良好土34.poorly-graded soil级配不良土35.normal stresses正应力36.shear stresses剪应力37.principal plane主平面38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress最大（中、最小）主应力39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩尔-库仑破坏条件40.FEM=finite element method有限元法41.limit equilibrium method极限平衡法42.pore water pressure孔隙水压力43.preconsolidation pressure先期固结压力44.modulus of compressibility压缩模量45.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数pression index压缩指数47.swelling index回弹指数48.geostatic stress自重应力49.additional stress附加应力50.total stress总应力51.final settlement最终沉降52.slip line滑动线六. 基坑开挖与降水 1 excavation开挖（挖方） 2 dewatering（基坑）降水3 failure of foundation基坑失稳4 bracing of foundation pit基坑围护5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6 retaining wall挡土墙7 pore-pressure distribution孔压分布8 dewatering method降低地下水位法9 well point system井点系统（轻型）10 deep well point深井点11 vacuum well point真空井点12 braced cuts支撑围护13 braced excavation支撑开挖14 braced sheeting支撑挡板七. 深基础--deep foundation 1.pile foundation桩基础1)cast –in-place灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩bored pile钻孔桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile机控异型灌注桩piles set into rock嵌岩灌注桩rammed bulb pile夯扩桩2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation钻孔扩底墩under-reamed bored pier3)precast concrete pile预制混凝土桩4)steel pile钢桩steel pipe pile钢管桩steel sheet pile钢板桩5)prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土桩prestressed concrete pipe pile预应力混凝土管桩2.caisson foundation 沉井（箱） 3.diaphragm wall地下连续墙截水墙4.friction pile摩擦桩5.end-bearing pile端承桩6.shaft竖井；桩身7.wave equation analysis波动方程分析8.pile caps承台（桩帽）9.bearing capacity of single pile单桩承载力teral pile load test单桩横向载荷试验11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩横向极限承载力12.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验13.vertical allowable load capacity单桩竖向容许承载力14.low pile cap低桩承台15.high-rise pile cap高桩承台16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩抗拔极限承载力17.silent piling静力压桩18.uplift pile抗拔桩19.anti-slide pile抗滑桩20.pile groups群桩21.efficiency factor of pile groups群桩效率系数（η）22.efficiency of pile groups群桩效应23.dynamic pile testing桩基动测技术24.final set最后贯入度25.dynamic load test of pile桩动荷载试验26.pile integrity test桩的完整性试验27.pile head=butt桩头28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头）29.pile spacing 桩距30.pile plan桩位布置图31.arrangement of piles =pile layout桩的布置32.group action群桩作用33.end bearing=tip resistance桩端阻34.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance桩侧阻35.pile cushion桩垫36.pile driving(by vibration) （振动）打桩37.pile pulling test拔桩试验38.pile shoe桩靴39.pile noise打桩噪音40.pile rig打桩机九. 固结consolidation1.Terzzaghi’s consolidation theory太沙基固结理论2.Barraon’s consolidation theory巴隆固结理论3.Biot’s consolidation theory比奥固结理论4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结比5.overconsolidation soil超固结土6.excess pore water pressure超孔压力7.multi-dimensional consolidation多维固结8.one-dimensional consolidation一维固结9.primary consolidation主固结10.secondary consolidation次固结11.degree of consolidation固结度12.consolidation test固结试验13.consolidation curve固结曲线14.time factor Tv 时间因子15.coefficient of consolidation固结系数16.preconsolidation pressure前期固结压力17.principle of effective stress有效应力原理18.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结十. 抗剪强度shear strength 1.undrained shear strength不排水抗剪强度2.residual strength残余强度3.long-term strength长期强度4.peak strength峰值强度5.shear strain rate剪切应变速率6.dilatation剪胀7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法8.total stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度总应力法9.Mohr-Coulomb theory莫尔－库仑理论10.angle of internal friction内摩擦角11.cohesion粘聚力12.failure criterion破坏准则13.vane strength十字板抗剪强度14.unconfined compression无侧限抗压强度15.effective stress failure envelop有效应力破坏包线16.effective stress strength parameter有效应力强度参数十一. 本构模型--constitutive model1.elastic model弹性模型2.nonlinear elastic model非线性弹性模型3.elastoplastic model弹塑性模型4.viscoelastic model粘弹性模型5.boundary surface model边界面模型6.Duncan-Chang model邓肯－张模型7.rigid plastic model 刚塑性模型8.cap model盖帽模型9.work softening加工软化10.work hardening加工硬化11.Cambridge model剑桥模型12.ideal elastoplastic model理想弹塑性模型13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion莫尔－库仑屈服准则14.yield surface屈服面15.elastic half-space foundation model弹性半空间地基模型16.elastic modulus弹性模量17.Winkler foundation model文克尔地基模型十二. 地基承载力--bearing capacity of foundation soil 1.punching shear failure冲剪破坏2.general shear failure 整体剪切破化 3.local shear failure局部剪切破坏 4.state of limit equilibrium极限平衡状态5.critical edge pressure临塑荷载6.stability of foundation soil地基稳定性7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基极限承载力8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基容许承载力十三. 土压力--earth pressure1.active earth pressure主动土压力2.passive earth pressure被动土压力3.earth pressure at rest静止土压力4.Coulomb’s earth pressure theory库仑土压力理论5.R ankine’s earth pressure theory朗金土压力理论十四. 土坡稳定分析--slope stability analysis1.angle of repose休止角2.Bishop method毕肖普法3.safety factor of slope边坡稳定安全系数4.Fellenius method of slices费纽伦斯条分法5.Swedish circle method 瑞典圆弧滑动法6.slices method条分法十五. 挡土墙--retaining wall1.stability of retaining wall挡土墙稳定性2.foundation wall基础墙3.counter retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙4.cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙5.cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙6.gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙7.anchored plate retaining wall锚定板挡土墙8.anchored sheet pile wall锚定板板桩墙十六. 板桩结构物--sheet pile structure 1.steel sheet pile钢板桩 2.reinforced concrete sheet pile钢筋混凝土板桩3.steel piles钢桩4.wooden sheet pile木板桩5.timber piles木桩十七. 浅基础--shallow foundation 1.box foundation箱型基础 2.mat(raft) foundation片筏基础 3.strip foundation条形基础 4.spread footing扩展基础 pensated foundation补偿性基础6.bearing stratum持力层7.rigid foundation刚性基础8.flexible foundation柔性基础9.embedded depth of foundation基础埋置深度 foundation pressure基底附加应力11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis上部结构－基础－地基共同作用分析十八. 土的动力性质--dynamic properties of soils1.dynamic strength of soils动强度2.wave velocity method波速法3.material damping材料阻尼4.geometric damping几何阻尼5.damping ratio阻尼比6.initial liquefaction初始液化7.natural period of soil site地基固有周期8.dynamic shear modulus of soils动剪切模量9.dynamic ma二十. 地基基础抗震 1.earthquake engineering地震工程2.soil dynamics土动力学3.duration of earthquake地震持续时间 4.earthquake response spectrum地震反应谱5.earthquake intensity地震烈度6.earthquake magnitude 震级7.seismic predominant period地震卓越周期8.maximum acceleration of earthquake地震最大加速度二十一. 室内土工实验 1.high pressure consolidation test 高压固结试验 2.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结试验 3.falling head permeability变水头试验4.constant head permeability常水头渗透试验5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test不固结不排水试验(UU)6.consolidated undrained triaxial test固结不排水试验(CU)7.consolidated drained triaxial test固结排水试验(CD)paction test击实试验9.consolidated quick direct shear test固结快剪试验10.quick direct shear test快剪试验11.consolidated drained direct shear test慢剪试验12.sieve analysis筛分析13.geotechnical model test土工模型试验14.centrifugalmodel test离心模型试验15.direct shear apparatus直剪仪16.direct shear test直剪试验17.direct simple shear test直接单剪试验18.dynamic triaxial test三轴试验19.dynamic simple shear 动单剪20.free（resonance）vibration column test自(共)振柱试验二十二. 原位测试 1.standard penetration test (SPT)标准贯入试验 2.surface wave test (SWT)表面波试验3.dynamic penetration test(DPT)动力触探试验 4.static cone penetration (SPT) 静力触探试验5.plate loading test 静力荷载试验 teral load test of pile 单桩横向载荷试验7.static load test of pile 单桩竖向荷载试验8.cross-hole test 跨孔试验9.screw plate test螺旋板载荷试验10.pressuremeter test旁压试验11.light sounding轻便触探试验12.deep settlement measurement深层沉降观测13.vane shear test十字板剪切试验14.field permeability test现场渗透试验15.in-situ pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水压量测16.in-situ soil test原位试验。
各类专业工程施工英文名称
各类专业工程施工英文名称如下：1. 建筑工程（Construction Engineering）- 建筑施工（Building Construction）- 土建工程（Civil Engineering）- 钢结构工程（Steel Structure Engineering）- 装饰工程（Decoration Engineering）- 防水工程（Waterproofing Engineering）- 地基与基础工程（Foundation and Basic Engineering） - 幕墙工程（Curtain Wall Engineering）- 园林绿化工程（Landscaping Engineering）2. 市政工程（Municipal Engineering）- 道路工程（Road Engineering）- 桥梁工程（Bridge Engineering）- 隧道工程（Tunnel Engineering）- 给排水工程（Drainage Engineering）- 供电工程（Power Supply Engineering）- 燃气工程（Gas Engineering）- 通信工程（Communication Engineering）3. 电力工程（Power Engineering）- 发电工程（Power Generation Engineering）- 输电工程（Transmission Engineering）- 变电工程（Substation Engineering）- 配电工程（Distribution Engineering）- 电缆工程（Cable Engineering）4. 水利工程（Hydraulic Engineering）- 水库工程（Reservoir Engineering）- 河道工程（River Engineering）- 港口工程（Port Engineering）- 防洪工程（Flood Control Engineering）- 灌溉工程（Irrigation Engineering）5. 环境工程（Environmental Engineering）- 污水处理工程（Sewage Treatment Engineering）- 固废处理工程（Waste Disposal Engineering）- 环保设施工程（Environmental Protection Facility Engineering） - 环境监测工程（Environmental Monitoring Engineering）6. 交通工程（Transportation Engineering）- 公路工程（Highway Engineering）- 铁路工程（Railway Engineering）- 机场工程（Airport Engineering）- 轨道交通工程（Rapid Transit Engineering）7. 矿业工程（Mining Engineering）- 矿山开采工程（Mine Mining Engineering）- 矿井工程（Mine Engineering）- 选矿工程（Mineral Processing Engineering）8. 机械设备安装工程（Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering） - 设备安装工程（Equipment Installation Engineering）- 自动化控制系统工程（Automation Control System Engineering）- 仪表安装工程（Instrument Installation Engineering）9. 园林景观工程（Landscape Engineering）- 景观设计工程（Landscape Design Engineering）- 景观施工工程（Landscape Construction Engineering）- 景观规划工程（Landscape Planning Engineering）10. 照明工程（Illumination Engineering）- 道路照明工程（Road Illumination Engineering）- 室内照明工程（Indoor Illumination Engineering）- 景观照明工程（Landscape Illumination Engineering）以上各类专业工程施工英文名称仅作参考，实际应用中可能会有所不同。
土木工程专业英语词汇短语总结
土木工程专业英语词汇短语总结.doc 标题：土木工程专业英语词汇短语总结一、前言介绍土木工程专业英语的重要性。
阐述词汇短语总结的目的和应用场景。
二、基础词汇列出土木工程领域中的基础词汇。
为每个词汇提供定义和例句。
三、结构工程钢筋（Reinforcement）混凝土（Concrete）梁（Beam）柱（Column）地基（Foundation）四、岩土工程土壤（Soil）岩石（Rock）边坡（Slope）支护（Support）地基处理（Foundation Treatment）五、水文与水资源工程水坝（Dam）水塔（Water Tower）运河（Canal）洪水（Flood）水资源管理（Water Resources Management）六、交通工程道路（Road）桥梁（Bridge）隧道（Tunnel）交通规划（Traffic Planning）交通信号（Traffic Signal）七、环境工程污染（Pollution）废物处理（Waste Treatment）环境影响评估（Environmental Impact Assessment）可持续性（Sustainability）绿色建筑（Green Building）八、施工管理施工计划（Construction Schedule）工程预算（Engineering Budget）质量控制（Quality Control）安全管理（Safety Management）项目监理（Project Supervision）九、材料科学材料强度（Material Strength）耐久性（Durability）抗渗性（Waterproofing）抗压强度（Compressive Strength）弹性模量（Elastic Modulus）十、测量与绘图测量（Surveying）平面图（Plan）剖面图（Section）立面图（Elevation）施工图纸（Construction Drawings）十一、专业短语与表达工程竣工（Project Completion）工程变更（Engineering Change）工程验收（Project Acceptance）工程质量（Engineering Quality）工程进度（Project Progress）十二、结语总结土木工程专业英语词汇的重要性。
桩基础的英语
桩基础的英语
桩基础在英语中通常被称为"pile foundation"。
这是一种深基础类型，被广泛应用于各种建筑工程中，特别是当地基土壤条件较差，无法提供足够的承载能力时。
Pile foundation主要由桩（piles）和承台（pile cap）组成。
桩是深入土层或岩层的柱状构件，可以承受并传递上部结构的荷载到更深、更稳定的地层。
承台则连接各桩顶部，将荷载均匀分布到各桩上。
桩有多种类型，包括预制桩（precast piles）、现浇桩（cast-in-place piles）、钢桩（steel piles）等，具体选择取决于工程要求、地质条件、施工设备和方法等因素。
预制桩是在工厂制造好后运到施工现场进行安装的桩。
现浇桩是在预先钻好的孔洞中浇筑混凝土形成的桩。
钢桩则是由钢材制成的桩，可以通过打入或振动方式安装到土壤中。
Pile foundation的设计和施工需要专业的工程师进行。
设计时，需要考虑桩的直径、长度、材料、施工方法等因素，以及土壤的性质、荷载的大小和分布等因素。
施工时，需要保证桩的垂直度、深度和承载力等满足设计要求。
总的来说，pile foundation是一种重要的基础类型，对于保证建筑物的稳定性和安全性具有重要意义。
随着科技的进步和工程实践的增加，pile foundation的设计和施工方法也在不断改进和优化，以更好地适应各种复杂的地质条件和工程要求。
岩土工程专业英语单词表
专业外语一。
综合类1.geotechnical engineering岩土工程2.foundation engineering基础工程3.soil, earth土4.soil mechanics土力学cyclic loading周期荷载unloading卸载reloading再加载viscoelastic found粘弹性地基viscous damping粘滞阻尼shear modulus剪切模量5.soil dynamics土动力学6.stress path应力路径二．土的分类1.residual soil残积土groundwater level地下水位2.groundwater 地下水groundwater table地下水位3.clay minerals粘土矿物4.secondary minerals次生矿物ndslides滑坡6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravelly sand砾砂12.coarse sand粗砂13.medium sand中砂14.fine sand细砂15.silty sand粉土16.clayey soil粘性土17.clay粘土18.silty clay粉质粘土19.silt粉土20.sandy silt砂质粉土21.clayey silt粘质粉土22.saturated soil饱和土23.unsaturated soil非饱和土24.fill (soil)填土三．土的基本物理力学性质1.c c Compression index2.c u undrained shear strength3.c u/p0 ratio of undrained strength c u to effective overburden stress p0(c u/p0)NC,(c u/p0)oc subscripts NC and OC designated normally consolidated andoverconsolidated, respectively4.c vane cohesive strength from vane test5.e0 natural void ratio6.I p plasticity index7.K0 coefficient of “at-rest ”pressure ,for total stressesσ1 andσ28.K0’ do main for effective stressesσ1 ‘ andσ2’9.K0n K0 for normally consolidated state10.K0u K0 coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulatinginstantaneous loading or an undrained conditionK0d K0coefficient under cyclic loading (frequency less than 1 Hz),as a11.pseudo-dynamic test for K0 coefficient12.k h ,k v permeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively13.N blow count ,standard penetration test14.OCR over-consolidation ratio15.p c preconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test16.p0 effective overburden pressure17.p s specific cone penetration resistance ,from static cone test18.q u unconfined compressive strengt h19.U,U m degree of consolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen20.u ,u b ,u m pore pressure, subscripts b and m denote bottom of specimen and meanvalue, respectively21.w0 w L w p natural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively22.σ1,σ2 principal stresses, σ1 ‘ andσ2’ denote effective principal stresses 四．渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’s law 达西定律2.piping管涌3.flowing soil流土4.sand boiling砂沸5.flow net流网6.seepage渗透（流）7.leakage渗流8.seepage (force) pressure渗透压力9.permeability渗透性10.hydraulic gradient水力梯度11.coefficient of permeability渗透系数五．地基应力和变形1.soft soil软土2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩（负）摩阻力3.effective stress有效应力total stress总应力4.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度5.low activity低活性6.sensitivity灵敏度7.triaxial test三轴试验8.foundation design基础设计9.recompaction再压缩10.bearing capacity承载力11.soil mass土体12.contact pressure接触应力13.concentrated load集中荷载14. a semi-infinite elastic solid半无限弹性体15.homogeneous均质16.isotropic各向同性17.strip footing条基18.square spread footing方形独立基础19.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土）20.dead load =sustained load恒载持续荷载21.live load活载22.short –term transient load短期瞬时荷载23.long-term transient load长期荷载24.reduced load折算荷载25.settlement沉降deformation变形26.casing套管27.dike=dyke堤（防）28.clay fraction粘粒粒组29.physical properties物理性质30.subgrade路基31.well-graded soil级配良好土32.poorly-graded soil级配不良土33.sieve筛子34.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩尔-库仑破坏条件35.FEM=finite element method有限元法36.limit equilibrium method极限平衡法37.pore water pressure孔隙水压力38.preconsolidation pressure先期固结压力39.modulus of compressibility压缩模量40.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数pression index压缩指数42.swelling index回弹指数43.geostatic stress自重应力44.additional stress附加应力45.total stress总应力46.final settlement最终沉降47.slip line滑动线六．基坑开挖与降水1.excavation开挖（挖方）2.dewatering（基坑）降水3.failure of foundation基坑失稳4.bracing of foundation pit基坑围护5.bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6.retaining wall挡土墙7.pore-pressure distribution孔压分布8.dewatering method降低地下水位法9.well point system井点系统（轻型）10.deep well point深井点11.vacuum well point真空井点12.braced cuts支撑围护braced excavation支撑开挖braced sheeting支撑挡板七．深基础deep foundation1.pile foundation桩基础1)cast –in-place灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩bored pile钻孔桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile机控异型灌注桩piles set into rock嵌岩灌注桩rammed bulb pile夯扩桩2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation钻孔扩底墩under-reamed bored pier3)precast concrete pile预制混凝土桩4)steel pile钢桩steel pipe pile钢管桩steel sheet pile钢板桩5)prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土桩prestressed concrete pipe pile预应力混凝土管桩2.caisson foundation沉井（箱）3.diaphragm wall地下连续墙截水墙4.friction pile摩擦桩end-bearing pile端承桩5.(pile)shaft桩身6.wave equation analysis波动方程分析7.pile caps承台（桩帽）8.bearing capacity of single pile单桩承载力teral pile load test单桩横向载荷试验10.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩横向极限承载力11.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验12.vertical allowable load capacity单桩竖向容许承载力13.low pile cap低桩承台14.high-rise pile cap高桩承台15.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩抗拔极限承载力16.silent piling静力压桩17.uplift pile抗拔桩18.anti-slide pile抗滑桩19.pile groups群桩20.efficiency factor of pile groups群桩效率系数（η）21.efficiency of pile groups群桩效应22.dynamic pile testing桩基动测技术23.final set最后贯入度24.dynamic load test of pile桩动荷载试验25.pile integrity test桩的完整性试验26.pile head=butt桩头27.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头）28.pile spacing桩距29.pile plan桩位布置图30.arrangement of piles =pile layout桩的布置31.group action群桩作用32.end bearing=tip resistance桩端阻33.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance桩侧阻34.pile cushion桩垫35.pile driving(by vibration) 打桩（振动）36.pile pulling test拔桩试验37.pile shoe桩靴38.pile noise打桩噪音39.pile rig打桩机八．地基处理（ground treatment）1.technical code for ground treatment of building建筑地基处理技术规范2.cushion垫层法3.preloading预压法4.dynamic compaction强夯法5.dynamic compaction replacement强夯置换法6.vibroflotation method振冲法7.sand-gravel pile砂石桩pile-stone column砂石桩8.cement-flyash-gravel pile(CFG)水泥粉煤灰碎石桩9.cement mixing method水泥土搅拌桩10.cement column水泥桩11.lime pile (lime column)石灰桩12.jet grouting高压喷射注浆法13.rammed-cement-soil pile夯实水泥土桩法14.lime-soil compaction pile 灰土挤密桩lime-soil compacted column灰土挤密桩lime soil pile灰土挤密桩15.chemical stabilization化学加固法16.surface compaction 表层压实法17.surcharge preloading超载预压法vacuum preloading真空预压法18.sand wick袋装砂井19.geofabric ,geotextile土工织物posite foundation复合地基21.reinforcement method加筋法22.dewatering method降低地下水固结法23.freezing and heating冷热处理法24.expansive ground treatment膨胀土地基处理25.ground treatment in mountain area山区地基处理26.collapsible loess treatment湿陷性黄土地基处理27.artificial foundation人工地基natural foundation天然地基28.pillow褥垫29.soft clay ground软土地基30.sand drain砂井31.root pile树根桩32.plastic drain塑料排水带33.stone column碎石桩gravel pile碎石桩34.replacement ratio（复合地基）置换率九．固结consolidation1.Terzzaghi’s consolidation theory太沙基固结理论2.Barraon’s consolidation theory巴隆固结理论3.Biot’s consolidation theory比奥固结理论4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结比5.overconsolidation soil超固结土6.excess pore water pressure超孔压力7.multi-dimensional consolidation多维固结8.one-dimensional consolidation一维固结9.primary consolidation主固结10.secondary consolidation次固结11.degree of consolidation固结度12.consolidation test固结试验13.consolidation curve固结曲线14.time factor T v时间因子15.coefficient of consolidation固结系数16.preconsolidation pressure前期固结压力17.principle of effective stress有效应力原理18.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结十．抗剪强度shear strength1.undrained shear strength不排水抗剪强度2.residual strength残余强度3.long-term strength长期强度4.peak strength峰值强度5.shear strain rate剪切应变强度6.dilatation剪胀7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法8.total stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度总应力法9.Mohr-Coulomb theory莫尔－库仑理论10.angle of internal friction内摩擦角11.cohesion粘聚力12.failure criterion破坏准则13.vane strength十字板抗剪强度14.unconfined compression无侧限抗压强度15.effective stress failure envelop有效应力破坏包线16.effective stress strength parameter十一.本构模型constitutive method1.elastic model弹性模型2.nonlinear elastic model非线性弹性模型3.elastoplastic model弹塑性模型4.viscoelastic model粘弹性模型5.boundary surface model边界面模型6.Duncan-Chang model邓肯－张模型7.rigid plastic model刚塑性模型8.cap model盖帽模型9.work softening加工软化10.work hardening加工硬化11.Cambridge model剑桥模型12.ideal elastoplastic model理想弹塑性模型13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion莫尔－库仑屈服准则14.yield surface屈服面15.elastic half-space foundation model弹性半空间地基模型16.elastic modulus弹性模量17.Winkler foundation model文克尔地基模型十二.地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation soil1.punching shear failure冲剪破坏2.general shear failure整体剪切破化3.local shear failure局部剪切破坏4.state of limit equilibrium极限平衡状态5.critical edge pressure临塑荷载6.stability of foundation soil地基稳定性7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基极限承载力8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基容许承载力十三.土压力earth pressure1.active earth pressure主动土压力2.passive earth pressure被动土压力3.earth pressure at rest静止土压力4.Coulomb’s earth pressure the ory库仑土压力理论5.Rankine’s earth pressure theory朗金土压力理论十四.土坡稳定分析slope stability analysis1.angle of repose休止角2.Bishop method毕肖普法3.safety factor of slope边坡稳定安全系数4.Fellenius method of slices费纽伦斯条分法5.Swedish circle method瑞典圆弧滑动法6.slices method十五.挡土墙retaining wall1.stability of retaining wall挡土墙稳定性2.foundation wall基础墙3.counter retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙4.cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙5.cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙6.gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙7.anchored plate retaining wall锚定板挡土墙8.anchored sheet pile wall锚定板板桩墙十六.板桩结构物sheet pile structure1.steel sheet pile钢板桩2.reinforced concrete sheet pile钢筋混凝土板桩3.steel piles钢桩4.wooden sheet pile木板桩5.timber piles木桩十七.浅基础shallow foundation1.box foundation箱型基础2.mat(raft) foundation片筏基础3.strip foundation条形基础4.spread footing扩展基础pensated foundation补偿性基础6.bearing stratum持力层7.rigid foundation刚性基础8.flexible foundation柔性基础9.embedded depth of foundation基础埋置深度 foundation pressure基底附加应力11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis上部结构－基础－地基共同作用分析十八.土的动力性质dynamic properties of soils1.dynamic strength of soils动强度2.wave velocity method波速法3.material damping材料阻尼4.geometric damping几何阻尼5.damping ratio阻尼比6.initial liquefaction初始液化7.natural period of soil site地基固有强度8.dynamic shear modulus of soils动剪切强度9.dynamic magnification factor动力放大因素10.liquefaction strength抗液化强度11.dimensionless frequency无量纲频率12.evaluation of liquefaction液化势评价13.stress wave in soils土中应力波14.dynamic settlement振幅十九.动力机器基础1.equivalent lumped parameter method等效集总参数法2.dynamic subgrade reaction method动基床反力法3.vibration isolation隔振4.foundation vibration基础振动5.elastic half-space theory of foundation vibration基础振动弹性半空间理论6.allowable amplitude of foundation基础振动频率振幅7.natural frequency of foundation基础自震频率二十.地基基础抗震1.earthquake engineering地震工程2.soil dynamics土动力学3.duration of earthquake地震持续时间4.earthquake response spectrum地震反应谱5.earthquake intensity地震烈度6.earthquake magnitude震级7.seismic predominant period地震卓越周期8.maximum acceleration of earthquake地震最大加速度二十一.室内土工实验1.high pressure consolidation test高压固结试验2.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结试验3.falling head permeability变水头试验4.constant head permeability常水头渗透试验5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test不固结不排水试验6.consolidated undrained triaxial test固结不排水试验7.consolidated drained triaxial test固结排水试验paction test击实试验9.consolidated quick direct shear test固结快剪试验10.quick direct shear test快剪试验11.consolidated drained direct shear test慢剪试验12.sieve analysis筛分析13.geotechnical model test土工模型试验14.centrifugal model test离心模型试验15.direct shear apparatus直剪仪16.direct shear test直剪试验17.direct simple shear test直接单剪试验18.dynamic triaxial test三轴试验19.dynamic simple shear动单剪20.free（resonance）vibration column test自(共)振柱试验二十二.原位测试1.standard penetration test(SPT) 标准灌入试验2.surface wave test (SWT) 表面波试验3.dynamic penetration test(DPT) 动力触探试验4.static cone penetration (SPT) 静力触探试验5.plate loading test 静力荷载试验teral load test of pile 单桩横向载荷试验7.static load test of pile 单桩竖向荷载试验8.cross-hole test 跨孔试验9.screw plate test 螺旋板载荷试验10.pressuremeter test 旁压试验11.light sounding 轻便触探试验12.deep settlement measurement 深层沉降观测13.vane shear test 十字板剪切试验14.field permeability test 现场渗透试验15.in-site pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水压量测16.in-site soil test 原位试验-over-。
桩基英语词汇
桩基英语词汇以下是一些桩基方面的英语词汇：1. Pile foundation - 桩基础2. Pile - 桩柱3. Bored pile - 钻孔桩4. Driven pile - 打入桩5. Micropile - 微桩6. Pile cap - 桩帽7. Pile driver - 打桩机8. Pile load test - 桩载荷试验9. Pile spacing - 桩间距10. Pile reinforcement - 桩加固11. Pile head - 桩顶12. Pile integrity testing - 桩完整性测试13. Pile group - 桩群14. Pile settlement - 桩沉降15. Pile penetration resistance - 桩侧阻力16. Pile bearing capacity - 桩承载力17. Pile cut-off level - 桩截止面18. Pile foundation design - 桩基础设计19. Pile length - 桩长度20. Pile material - 桩材料21. Pile reinforcement cage - 桩加固筋笼22. Pile driving formula - 打桩公式23. Pile installation - 桩安装24. Pile extractor - 桩提取器25. Pile spacing ratio - 桩间距比26. Pile toe - 桩底27. Soil-pile interaction - 土-桩相互作用28. Pile uplift - 桩拉力29. Pile stiffness - 桩刚度30. Pile type - 桩型号31. Pile point resistance - 桩端阻力32. Pile dimension - 桩尺寸33. Pile driving analyzer - 桩打击分析仪34. Pile vibratory hammer - 桩振动锤35. Pile socketing - 桩侧壁插入36. Pile displacement - 桩位移37. Pile head displacement - 桩顶位移38. Pile load transfer - 桩荷载传递39. Pile foundation settlement - 桩基础沉降40. Pile driving record - 桩打击记录。
地基和基础技术术语
地基和基础技术术语2．3 地基和基础2．3．1 土soil岩石经风化作用形成的岩屑与矿物颗粒，在原地或经搬运到异地，在各种自然环境中重新形成的沉积物或堆积物。
2．3．2 岩石rock经地质作用形成的由矿物颗粒间牢固联结、呈整体或具有节理裂隙的集合体。
2．3．3 天然地基natural subsoil自然形成的，未经人工处理的地基。
2．3．4 地基处理ground improvement为提高地基强度或改善其变形性能或渗透性能而采取的技术措施。
2．3．5 复合地基composite foundation部分土体被增强或被置换后形成的由地基土和增强体共同承担荷载的人工地基。
2．3．6 基坑excavations为进行建筑物地下部分的施工而由地面向下开挖出的空间。
2．3．7 地基承载力load-bearing capacity of subsoil地基承受荷载的能力。
2．3．8 地基变形subsoil deformation地基在外力作用、温度或地下水位变化等因素的影响下所产生的体积、形状的变化。
2．3．9 地基稳定性stability of subsoil地基在荷载作用下不发生过大变形或滑动的能力。
2．3．10 浅基础shallow foundation埋置深度不超过5m，或不超过基底最小宽度，在其承载力中不计入地基土对基础侧壁摩阻力的基础。
2．3．11 深基础deep foundation埋置深度超过5m，或超过基底最小宽度，在其承载力中计入地基土对基础侧壁摩阻力的基础。
2．3．12 桩基础pile foundation由设置于岩土中的桩和与桩顶连接的承台共同组成的基础，或由柱与桩直接连接形成的基础。
2．3．13 独立基础pad foundation单独承受并传递柱下荷载的基础。
2．3．14 条形基础strip foundation承受并传递墙体荷载或间距较小柱荷载的条形状基础。
2．3．15 筏形基础raft foundation柱下或墙下连续的平板式或梁板式钢筋混凝土基础。
建筑专业土木工程词汇及术语中英文对照.
建筑专业笔记整理大全-结构工程常用词汇-土木工程常用英语术语结构工程常用词汇混凝土：concrete钢筋：reinforcing steel bar钢筋混凝土：reinforced concrete（RC）钢筋混凝土结构：reinforced concrete structure板式楼梯：cranked slab stairs刚度：rigidity徐变：creep水泥：cement钢筋保护层：cover to reinforcement梁：beam柱：column板：slab剪力墙：shear wall基础：foundation剪力：shear剪切变形：shear deformation剪切模量：shear modulus拉力：tension压力：pressure延伸率：percentage of elongation位移：displacement应力：stress应变：strain应力集中：concentration of stresses应力松弛：stress relaxation应力图：stress diagram应力应变曲线：stress-strain curve应力状态：state of stress钢丝：steel wire箍筋：hoop reinforcement箍筋间距：stirrup spacing加载：loading抗压强度：compressive strength抗弯强度：bending strength抗扭强度：torsional strength抗拉强度：tensile strength裂缝：crack屈服：yield屈服点：yield point屈服荷载：yield load屈服极限：limit of yielding屈服强度：yield strength屈服强度下限：lower limit of yield荷载：load横截面：cross section承载力：bearing capacity承重结构：bearing structure弹性模量：elastic modulus预应力钢筋混凝土：prestressed reinforced concrete预应力钢筋：prestressed reinforcement预应力损失：loss of prestress预制板：precast slab现浇钢筋混凝土结构：cast-in-place reinforced concrete 双向配筋：two-way reinforcement主梁：main beam次梁：secondary beam弯矩：moment悬臂梁：cantilever beam延性：ductileity受弯构件：member in bending受拉区：tensile region受压区：compressive region塑性：plasticity轴向压力：axial pressure轴向拉力：axial tension吊车梁：crane beam可靠性：reliability粘结力：cohesive force外力：external force弯起钢筋：bent-up bar弯曲破坏：bending failure屋架：roof truss素混凝土：non-reinforced concrete无梁楼盖：flat slab配筋率：reinforcement ratio配箍率：stirrup ratio泊松比：Poisson’s ratio偏心受拉：eccentric tension偏心受压：eccentric compression偏心距：eccentric distance疲劳强度：fatigue strength偏心荷载：eccentric load跨度：span跨高比：span-to-depth ratio跨中荷载：midspan load框架结构：frame structure集中荷载：concentrated load分布荷载：distribution load分布钢筋：distribution steel挠度：deflection设计荷载：design load设计强度：design strength构造：construction简支梁：simple beam截面面积：area of section浇注：pouring浇注混凝土：concreting钢筋搭接：bar splicing刚架：rigid frame脆性：brittleness脆性破坏：brittle failure土木工程常用英语术语第一节一般术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Bearing course
持力层
Supporting layer
地基降沉
Settlement of foundation
地基变形
Deformation of soil
地基稳定
Stability of foundation
基础支撑
Shoring of foundation
桩基础
Pile foundation
红土地基
Laterite foundation bed
膨胀土地基
Expansive soil foundation bed
砂质土地基
Sand-clay foundation bed
冻土地基
Frozen soil foundation bed
盐渍土地基
Saline soil foundation bed
单桩
Single pile
板桩
Sheet pile
斜桩
Batter pile
导桩
Guide pile
摩擦桩
Friction pile
支撑桩
Bearing pile
无套桩
Shell-less pile
泥浆护壁钻孔桩
Slurry drilled pile
离心法制钢筋混凝土管桩
Centrifugal reinforced concrete pipe pile
不透水地基
Impervious foundation bed
人工地基
Artificial ground
人工填土地基
Fill foundation bed
灰土地基
Lime-soil foundation bed
（地基）固结
Consolidation process
地基承压力
Ground bearing pressure
地基
Foundation bed
天然地基
Natural foundation bed
岩石地基
Rock foundation bed
熔岩地基
Karst foundation bed
软土地基
Soft-soil foundation bed
硬土地基
Hardpan foundation bed
黄土地基
Loess foundation bed
均质地基
Homogeneoueneous foundation bed
弹性地基
Elastic foundation bed
刚性地基
Rigid foundation bed
坚固地基
Hard ground
柔性地基
Flexible foundation bed
扩底桩
Pedestal pile
打桩
Pile driving
桩帽
Driving cap
桩尖
Pile tip
试桩
Test pile
贯入深度
Depth of penetration
桩荷载实验
Pile load test
打桩机
Pile driver
压实系数
Percent compaction