RHCE033笔记01-05

RHCE033Lesson 2Unit 1Passwd username 改变USERNAME的登录密码ALT+小键盘数字ASCII CODEUnit 2 running commands and getting helpCommand [option] [arguement]--[work] -[letter] --all -a开头是“.”的文件是隐藏文件“-a –b -c”=”-abc”Cp install.log /tmpLs –l /tmpPasswd –s user1 查看密码状态=Passwd –status user1[arguement] 路径档案名称使用者名称Date 日期Date –helpData –s 22:02 修改时间为22:02Data +%D%T 显示日期和时间data +%D %T 错误无空格要有“+”Cal 日历Cal 6 2006 显示2006年6月的日历Cal 2006Cal 2006 >2006calendar 把日历输入到2006档案Cal 2006calendat 查案2006档案GETTING HELPWhatisCommand –helpMan and info/usr/share/doc/Red hat documentationWhatis [command]<command> --helpArgument-参数[]可选<>可变Man [<chapter>] <command>查看命令的某个章节‘Q’离开man pageManul sectioms1 usercommands 4 special files 7 miscellaneous2 system calls 5 file format 8 administrative commands3 library calls 6 gamesNavigating man pagesWhile viewing a man pageNavigate with arrows pgup pgdown/<text> search for textn/N next/previous matchq quint viewing pageman –k passwd 找到所有含passwd的manpagenavigating infowhile viewing an info pagenavigating with arrows pgup pgdownTAB move the next linkENTER follow link the cursor is onn/p/u view next /previous/up-one nodes[<text>] search for textq quit viewingEXTENDED DOCUMENTATIONLs /usr/share/doc/Unit 3 browsing the filesystemLinux file hierarchy concepts/etc system config files/tmp temporary files/boot kernel and bootloader/dev device/usr programs/lost+found/var and /srv server data/proc system informationThe lib directories -libraries/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/libCurrnet working directoryPwd 显示当前目录Cd 变更目录File and directory names255 characters区分大小写Absolute pathnames 绝对路径/Relative pathnames 相对路径在user1中用../user2Changing directoriesCd pathnames 改变目录~ 表示家目录cd ~/jpgListing directory contentsLs [options] [files_or_dirs]Ls / 显示根目录内容Ls –aLs –l /usrLs –ld 显示目录本身属性Copying files and directoriesCp [option] file destinationCp –p file destination 保持原来文件的时间戳Cp –r destination1 destination2 复制目录1 到目录2 要加–RCP [OPTION] file1 file2 destination 多文件复制到目录Moving and renaming files and directoriesMv [option] file destination 移动文件到目录Mv [option] file1 file2 destination 移动多个文件到目录Mv [option] file1 file2 把文件1改命为文件2Creating and removing filesRm [option] filenames-i-r 删除目录-f force 强制删No way to undo!!Touch file 建立文件Creating and removing directoriesMkdir 创建目录Rmdir 删除空目录Rm –r 删除非空目录Using nautilusNautilus这个命令就是以root权限打开一个窗口，来管理文件。

比如你直接点击计算机里面有很多文件夹和文件是root用户才能操作，所以你对该文件夹或文件不能进行粘贴，剪切，删除等操作，也不能建立新文件，而用nautilus 命令后就可以了。

比如你要修改/etc/apt/sources.list不用终端的话，直接点文件夹进入该目录，你只有查看的权限，而用了nautilus命令后再进该目录，你就可以对里面的文件修改，删除，建新文件等。

Moving and copying in nautilusDrag and dropLeft-button moveCtrl-left-button copyALT-left-buttonContext menuRight-clickDetermining file contentFile [option] filename 查看文件格式Viewing an entire text fileCat [option] [file...] 查看档案中内容可查看多个档案-a 换行-s 压缩空白行-b 显示行号Viewing text page by pageLess [option] [filename]/text -search for text.n next match.v enter edit空格下一页b上一页ctrl-d向下半页ctrl-u向上半页. g文件末端/text 下找text ？text 上找textUnit 4 the bash shellBash introductionGloabingLs *.txtLs text??.txt 补两个码Ls text[1-2].* 1-2Ls text[^1].* 非1TAB 自动补齐Tou 按TAB =>touch连续按两次TAB 列出所有匹配关键字History 查询以前执行的指令！76 执行76号指令^2^1Ping 192.168.0.196^192^1 =ping 192.168.0.1~ 使用者的home目录里Cd ~ 直接回到家目录Cd ~user1 到user1家目录只有root才能进入别的用户家目录！Variable and curly braces{}Echo $HOME 显示HOME变量内容Touch a{a,b} 建立aa ab 文件Echo “hostname: `hostname` ”=> hostname:localhost.localdomainEcho “hostname:$(hostname) ”=> hostname:localhost.localdomainEcho a=> aEcho $a => {空白}a=3Echo $a =>3Echo $[$a+$c] =>10/ 除法取整%取余数**次方Backslash :\Echo $5 =>Echo \$5=>$5Ls\ 换行-l=>ls –lEcho **000** :显示两次文件名中间是000Echo “**000**”=>**000**Single quotes …inhibit all expansionDouble quotes “inhibit all expansionExcept $ \ ` !History tricksUse the up and down arrow keys to scroll through previous commands Type <ctrl-r> to search for a command in historyTo recall last argument from previous command<esc>.<ALT->.Editing modesSet –o vi 打开VISet –o 查看设置结果Set +o vi 关闭VIGNOME – TERMINAL<ctrl-shift-t> open a new tab<ctrl-pgup/pgdn> next/prev tab<atl-num> go to num tab<ctrl-shift-c/v> copy/paste<ctrl-shift-w> close a tab。