中学英语学习资料
中学英语定语从句知识点归纳学习资料
中学英语定语从句知识点归纳That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop. 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。
The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
* 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。
例如：My necklace is not the only thing that's missing. 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。
* 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或 who ，以避免重复。
例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat? 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？* 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。
例如：The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known .你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。
2、只用which不用that的情况：* 1) 关系代词前有介词时； e.g. This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2)非限定性定语从句中；作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
e.g. That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.* 3) 先行词本身是that时； e.g. The clock is that which tells the time非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。
初级中学英语必背课本学习知识
1Where’s my backpack?Dear Feifei,Please take these things to your sister: her hat, watch, notebook, keys and ID card. The hat is on the dresser. The watch is under the bed. The note book is on the bed. The keys are in the drawer. The ID card is on the table.ThanksGrandma2Do you have a soccer ball?A: Let’s play soccer.B: I don’t have a soccer ball.A: Well, let’s play volleyball.B: That sounds good.3Do you like bananas?Runner eats well!Runner star Sandra Clark eats lots of healthy food. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas, and apples. For lunch, she likes hamburgers, salad, and pears. And for dinner, she has chicken, tomatoes, French fries and, for dessert, ice cream.4How much are these pants?Clerk: Can I help you?Clerk: What color do you want?Mary: Blue.Clerk: Here you are.Mary: How much is it?Clerk: 20 dollars.Mary: I’ll take it. Thanks.Clerk: You’re welcome.5Do you want to go to a movie?I often go to the movies with my friend, Mike. My favorite actor is Paul Jackson. He hasa new movie, My Father’s Birthday. It’s a very funny comedy. Mike likes the actor Rich Smith. He really likes his movie, Black September. It’s a ver y successful thriller, but I think it’s boring. One interesting thing: mike is English, but he likes Beijing Opera! He often goes to see Beijing Opera on weekends. Mike’s father likes it, too!6Can you play the guitar?Musicians Wanted for School Music FestivalAre you a musician? Can you sing? Can you dance? Can you play the piano, the trumpet, the drums, or the guitar? Then you can be in our school music festival. Please call Zhang Heng at 622-6033.7What time do you go to school?Dear Mona,Thanks for your letter. Do you want to know about my morning? Well, I usually get up at around six fifteen. I do my homework at six thirty, and then I eat breakfast at around seven thirty. At around eight o’clock, I go to school. School starts at nine o’clock. Please write and tell me about your morning.Love,Jane8My favorite subject is science.Dear Jane,It’s Tuesday, November 11. I’m really busy. At:00 I have math. I don’t like math. Then at 9:00 I have science. It’s difficult, but interesting. Next, at 10:00, I have art. It’s boring. But at 11:00 I have P.E. That’s my favorite subject! I eat lunch at 12:00. After lunch, I have music. Music is relax ing. I like my music teacher, Mr. Cooper. He’s fun. My last class is at 2:00. After class I have volleyball for two hours. Our teacher is very strict and I’m usually very tried after class. Then I have Chinese history club. It’s really interesting!Where’s your pen pal from?30Dear Student,My name is Bob. I live in Toronto, Canada, and I want a pen pal in China. I think China is a very interesting country. I’m 14 years old and my birthday is in November. I can speak English and a little French. I have a brother, Paul, and a sister, Sarah. They have pen pals in the ed Kingdom and Australia. I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. My favorite subject in school is P.E. It’s fun. But I don’t like math. It’s too difficult!Can you write to me soon?Bob9Where’s the post office?Paul: Excuse me. Is there a hotel in the neighborhood?Nancy: Yes, there is. Just go straight and turn left. It’s down Bridge Street on the right. It’s next toa supermarket.Paul: Thank you very much.Nancy: You are welcome.10Why do you like koalas?Molly：This is Molly. She is twelve years old. She is from Africa. She likes to play with her friends and eat grass.Ling Ling：Thi s is Ling Ling. She’s five years old. She’s from China. She’s very beautiful, but she’s very shy, so please be very quiet.Bill：This is Bill. Isn’t he cute? He is from Australia. He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.11I want to be an actor.1. Reporter: I like talking to people. I meet interesting people every day and ask them questions.2. waiter: I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.3. bank clerk: I work with people and money. People give me their money or get their money from me.4. nurse: I wear a white uniform and I help doctors. Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.5. policeman: My work is interesting but kind of dangerous. Thieves don’t like me.12I’m watching TV.Dear Linda,Thanks for your letter and the photos. Here are some of my photos. In the first photo, I’m playing basketball at school. In the second photo, I’m swimming at that pool. In the next photo, you can see my family at home. We’re eating dinner. In the last photo, I’m with my sister Gina. She’s doing her homework –I’m watching TV.Mike13It’s raining!Thank you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show. Today, we’re in Australia. It’s a beautiful, sunny day! There are many people here on vacation. Some are taking photos. Others are lying on the beach. Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball. They look cool! I am surprised they can play in this heat. This is a very interesting place. The people are really very relaxed!14What does he look like?Do you remember Johnny Dean, the pop singer with funny glasses and long curly hair?Well, now he has a new look. He doesn’t have long curly hair. He has short straight hair. And he doesn’t wear glasses any more. But some people don’t like his new look. “I don’t think he’s so great,” says Ruth from New York. “But my mom does.”15I’d like some noodles.A: Can I help you?B: I’d like some noodles, please.A: What kind of noodles would you like?B: What kind of noodles do you have?A: We have beef, chicken, mutton, cabbage, potato, tomato…B: OK, I’d like mutton and potato noodles, please.A: Sure. And what size would you like?B: What sizes do you have?A: We have large, medium and small bowls.B: Oh, a medium bowl, please.16How was your weekend?How Did Kids Spend the Weekend?Yesterday, we asked ten students at No. 3 Middle School what they did last weekend.studied. On Saturday afternoon, five kids went shopping, and three went to the library. Two kids also played computer games. On Saturday evening, seven kids watched a movie or stayed at home and watched TV. On Sunday, two kids visited friends, nine kids cleaned their rooms, and five played sports.17Where did you go on vacation?Monday, July 15thGreat weather! It was sunny and hot all day. We went to a beautiful beach. We had great fun playing in the water. In the afternoon, we went shopping. The shops were too crowded, so I didn’t really enjoy it.Tuesday, July 16thToday it rained, so we went to a museum. It was kind of boring. I found a small boy crying in the corner. He was lost and I helped him find his father. That made me feel happy.I didn’t have any money for a taxi, so I walked back to the hotel. I was really tired. Wednesday, July 1thToday the weather was cool, so we decided to play tennis. We played all morning. It was really fun. We had Sichuan food for dinner. It was delicious!18What do you think of game shows?What’s Cool?This week, I asked students about fashion. I showed each student six things and asked them about each one. Some of their answers were interesting. Here are their likes and dislikes:Ju dy Smith likes the key ring. Her friend Jeff says he can’t stand the scarf. “It’s for moms!” he said. William Jones loves the wallet, and his classmate Gina Taylor loves theAnd the coolest thing was the belt. Everyone loved it!19Don’t eat in class.Dear Dr Know,I’m not happy. I have too many rules in my house. I have to get up at six o’clock every morning. I can’t meet my friends after school because I have to do my homework. I can’t watch TV on scho ol nights. And I have to be in bed by ten o’clock. On weekends, I have to clean my room and wash my clothes. Then I have to help my mom make dinner. Later I have to go the children’s Palace to learn the piano. I never have any fun. What can I do?Zhao Pei20How often do you exercise?……but I’m pretty healthy. I exercise every day, usually when I come home from school. My eating habits are pretty good. I try to eat a lot of vegetables. I eat fruit and drink milk every day. I never drink coffee. Of course, I love junk food too, and I eat it two or three times a week. Oh, and I sleep nine hours every night. So you see, I look after my health. And my healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. Good food and exercise help me to study better.21What’s the matter?Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. For example, are you often weak and tired? Maybe you have too much yin. You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is alse good for this. But people who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang. Chinese doctors believe that they should eat more yin foods like tofu. Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it’s important to eat a balanced diet.22What are you doing for vacation?Tony: What are you doing for vacation, Lin Hui?Lin Hui: I’m going to Tibet for a week.Tony: That sounds interesting! What are you doing there?Lin Hui: I’m going hiking in the mountains. How about you, Tony? What are you doing for vacation?Tony: I’m visiting my friend in Hong Kong.Lin Hui: Oh yeah? How long are you staying?Tony: Just f or four days. I don’t like going away for too long.Lin Hui: Well, have a good time! Send me a postcard from Hong Kong!Tony: Sure. Show me your photos when we get back to school.23How do you get to school?How do students around the world get to school?In North America, most students go to school on the school bus. Some students also walk or ride bikes to school. In other parts of the world, things are different. In Japan, most students take trains to school, although others also walk or ride their bikes. In China, itAnd in places where there are rivers and lakes, like Hongshanhu and Kaishandao, students usually go school by boat. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus!24Can you come to my party?Hi Henry,Thank you for your invitation. I’m sorry I can’t visit you this week. I am really busy. This evening I’m going to my cousin’s birthday party. And tomorrow, I have to go to the dentist. On Wednesday, I have tennis training with the school team. And I have to study for my chemistry test on Thursday. On Friday evening, I’m going to the movies with some friends. Can you come to the movies with us on Friday?Write soon.Sonia25I’m more outgoin g than my sister.Dear Isabel,Thank you for your last letter. Here are photos of me and my twin sister Liu Ying. As you can see, in some ways we look the same, and in some ways we look different. We both have black eyes and black hair, although my hair is shorter than hers. We both like sports, although Liu Ying is more athletic than me. She’s more outgoing, and I’m quieter. I think I’m smarter than her. My favorite subjects are physics and chemistry, and her favorite subject is P.E. however, we both enjoy going to parties.Please visit us soon!Love,Liu Li26How do you make a banana milk shake?Super Chicken SandwichFirst, put the butter on a slice of bread. Then cut up and onion and a tomato. Add these to the bread. Next, put some lettuce and the chicken slices on the bread. Put the relish on the chicken. Finally, put another slice of bread on the top.27How was your trip?Class 9 had a great time on the school trip. They went to Blue Water Aquarium for the day. First they visited the Visitors’ Center and watched a movie about sharks. Then they watched a dolphin show. After that, they went to the Outdoor Pool and saw a big octopus. After lunch, they went to the Gift Shop and bought lots of gifts. Finally, tired but happy, they took the bus back to school. At the end of the day, the science teacher was very happy because the class monitor cleaned the bus after the trip.28When was he born?You are never too young to start doing things. For example, Tiger Woods started golfing when he was only ten months old. Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. And Ronaldo, the great Brazilian soccer player, played for his national team when he was seventeen.29I’m going to be a basketball player.New Year’s Resolution Survey ResultsWe got over 1,000 letters, faxes and e-mail from our readers about their New Years’ resolutions. Many readers are going to work harder in school this year. Lots of readers are going to play sports. Some readers are going to eat more vegetables. A few readers are going to learn a new language. Some girls are going to exercise more to keep fit. Some parents are going to study the subjects their children learn at school. They want to communicate better with their kids. One old lady is going to leave her job and she wants to find a job as a language teacher in China.31Could you please clean your room?A: I hate to do chores.B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.A: Really? Do you like to do the laundry?B: No, I don’t. It’s boring.A: I agree. Do you like to make your bed?B: No, not really. But I like to do the dishes, because it’s relaxing. And I like to make breakfast, because I like to cook.32What’s the best radio station?What do young people think about places in town? We did a survey of our readers and this is what we learned. All the movie theaters are good, but the Screen City is the best in our town. It has the biggest screens and the most comfortable seats. However, Town Cinema is the cheapest, and it has the friendliest service. The most popular clothing store is Jason’s. It has the best quality clothing. It’s also the cheapest. Funky Fashions is the worst. It has really bad service. As for radio stations, most people think that Jazz 10.9 FM is really great. It plays the most interesting music.33Will people have robotsIn ten years, I think I’ll be a reporter. I’ll live in Shanghai, because I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. I think it’s really a beautiful city. As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of interesting people. I think I’ll live in an apartment with my best friends, because I don’t like living alone. I’ll have pets. I can’t have any pets now because my mother hates them, and our apartment is too small. So in ten years, I’ll have many different pets. I mighteven keep a pet parrot! I’ll probably go skating and swimming every day. During the week I’ll look smart, and probably will wear a suit. On the weekend, I’ll be able to dress more casually. I think I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.34What should I do?Dear Mary,I have a problem, and I need your help. I always thought I was popular at school. But I just I found out that my friends were planning a birthday party for my best friend, and they didn’t invite me. Everyone else in my class was invited except me, and I don’t know why. I can’t think what I did wrong. I’m very upset and don’t know what to do. What do you think? Can you help me?35What were you doing when the UFO arrived?I had a very unusual experience on Sunday. At around ten o’clock in the morning. I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me. You can imagine how strange it was! An alien got out and walked down Center Street. I followed it to see where it was going, and I was very surprised when it went into a souvenir shop. While it was looking at the souvenirs, the shop assistant called the police. Before the police arrived, the alien left the shop and then visited the Museum of Flight. While the alien was in the museum, I called the TV station. Isn’t that amazing!36He said I was hard-working.Dear grandma,How is it going? I hope that grandpa is well now. I was sorry to hear that he had a cold last week. I hope you are in good health.Things are fine here. I finished my end-of-year exams last week and got my report card today. I always get nervous when I see the envelope from school in the mail, but luckily I did OK this time. I had a really hard time with science this semester, and I wasn’t surprised to find that my worst report was from my science teacher. She said I was lazy, which isn’t true. It’s just that I find science really difficu lt. Another disappointing result was in history. My history teacher said I could do better. The good news is that my math teacher said I was hard-working. And my Spanish teacher said my listening was good.Well, that’s about all the news I have for now. Mom and Dad send their love.Love,Alan37If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.If I become an athlete, will I be happy?For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job. If you become a professional athlete, you’ll be able to make a living doing something you love. If you become famous, people all over the world will know you. Many athletes give money to schools and charities. And do a lot of work to help people. This is a great chance that many people do not have.However, professional athletes can also have many problems. If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life difficult.If you play sports for a living, your job will sometimes be very dangerous. Many professional athletes get injured. And if you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are. In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy. They say they were happier before they became rich and famous.38How long have you been collecting shells?I’m talking to you from the Hilltop School skating Marathon. Here, students are skating to raise money for charity. For every hour they skate, each student raises then yuan for charity. The skating marathon has been going for five hours now, and several skaters are still skating. Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours. Next is Sam, and he has been skating for four hours. Lu Ning has been skating for four hours too, and Li Chen just started an hour ago.39It’s a nice, isn’t it?Dear Tony,Thanks for showing me the school last week. I was having a hard time finding it until you came along. And I enjoyed meeting Carlos. He’s really good at math, isn’t he? He said he’d help me with my math project. Friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place.Bill40Would you mind turning down the music?I don’t like waiting in line when a shop assistant has a long telephone conversation. Whenthat happens, I usually say, “Would you mind helping me?” And I don’t like it when shop assistants follow me around. Then I say, “Could you please not follow me around? I’ll ask you if I need some help.” Usually the shop assistants say they are sorry, but sometimes they get mad. If that happens, I won’t go back to that store again.I get annoyed when someone talks to me while I’m reading. This happens to me all th e time in the school library. When it happens, I usually talk to the person because I want to be polite. But because I’m polite, people don’t know I’m annoyed. So they do the same thing again. Perhaps in the future I should try not to be so polite.41Why don’t you get her a scarf?The trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig. David Smith of North London has a pot-bellied pig named Connie. “Pot-bellied pigs make the best pets,” She watches TV on the sofa with me every night. She’s my best friend.” However, life with a pig isn’t always perfect. “when I got my pig, she was small,” said David, “but she eats a lot. Now she’s too big to sleep in the house, so I made her a special pig house. Also, pigs need a lot of love.Sometimes I don’t have enough time to spend with her.”42Have you ever been to an amusement park?When I was a young girl, all I ever wanted to do was travel, and I decided that the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant. I’ve been a flight att endant for two years now. It’s a really interesting job because I travel all over the world. I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well, so I studied English at the Hilltop Language School for five years before I became a flight attendant. It was because I could speak English that I got the job. Thank you, Hilltop Language School!Mei Shan。
七年级外研版英语全册学习资料
七年级外研版英语全册学习资料Unit 1- Lesson 1: Greetings and Introductions- Vocabulary: greeting words, introductions, nationality- Grammar: verb "to be" (I am, you are, he/she is), subject pronouns - Listening: dialogues about greetings and introductions- Lesson 2: Classroom Language- Vocabulary: classroom objects, basic instructions- Grammar: imperatives (Sit down, Open your book, etc.)- Listening: dialogues in a classroom settingUnit 2- Lesson 1: Family- Vocabulary: family members, family relations- Grammar: possessive adjectives (my, your, his/her)- Listening: descriptions of family members- Lesson 2: Numbers and Dates- Vocabulary: numbers 1-100, days of the week, months of the year - Grammar: counting numbers, ordinal numbers (first, second, etc.) - Listening: conversations about dates and numbersUnit 3- Lesson 1: School Life- Vocabulary: subjects, school facilities, activities- Grammar: present continuous tense (I am studying, he/she is playing)- Listening: discussions about school life- Lesson 2: Leisure Activities- Vocabulary: hobbies, sports, leisure activities- Grammar: can/can't (I can swim, he/she can't dance)- Listening: conversations about leisure activities... (continue with the remaining units and lessons) ...ConclusionThis document provides an overview of the learning materials covered in the 7th-grade textbook of the "Foreign Research Edition" English course. Each unit consists of two lessons, focusing on different topics, vocabulary, grammar, and listening exercises. The document serves as a helpful guide for students, teachers, and parents to understand the content and structure of the course.。
初级中学英语总复习资料精品讲义(精)
新目标初中英语总复习资料精品讲义词汇（一）这一讲里，主要帮助同学们掌握名词、冠词、数词的用法，特别是针对同学不易掌握的方面。
一、名词关于名词，我们必须掌握名词的数，名词的格。
单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an，如：an apple, an hour而不是a1.复数的构成方法：(1)一般在复数名词后加s，如：dog--dogs。
(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如： bus-buses box—boxes watch—watches dish—dishes(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es，如：country—countries baby--babies 请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。
如：monkey--monkeys。
(4)以o结尾的名词，只有potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)加es构成复数。
(5)以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es，如：knife—knives leaf--leaves2.单复数形式相同的词：sheep--sheep，fish--fish Chinese--Chinese，Japanese--Japanese3.特殊变化的单词有：(1)tooth--teeth，foot--feeth(2)man--men，woman--women，policeman--policemen, Frenchman--Frenchmen(3)child—children4.常以复数形式出现的名词：people(人)，clothes(衣服)，trousers(裤子) glasses(眼镜) ,这些名词作主语时，同学们应特别注意它们的谓语，用复数。
如：My clothes are (be) newer than yours.5.有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。
这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。
如：news(消息)，maths(数学)，physics(物理) No news is good news.6.可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。
中学英语(优秀版)word资料
中学英语（优秀版）word资料中学英语教学设计一、教材内容（学习内容分析）本节课是义务教育课程标准实验教科书英语新目标“Go for it”七年级上册unit 7 How much are these pants?的第一课时。
本节课是新课引入，教学内容和教学重点就是通过学习section A(1a—2c)，认识并初步掌握谈论衣物，询问价格这一情景中的运用。
教学内容简单且富有生活情趣，有利于激发学生的参与意识和好奇心理，更主要的是学生通过对本课的学习，让学生学会用英语谈论服装的颜色和价格，学生运用所学语言，可以模拟在商场售货和购物。
第一课时的引入在整个单元中起到了抛砖引玉的作用，同时也是一座桥梁，是正确引导学生由说到写的第一步。
因此，本节课的教学重点就落在反复熟练地运用语言上，通过大量的口头交际，为第二课的教学做好扎实的准备。
二、学习者的特征分析初一学生有着学习英语的浓厚兴趣和愿望，乐于参与多种调查、采访、表演等实践活动。
到学期后段，学生已具备了一定的英语基础，并在unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?和unit 6 Do you like bananas?中进行过有关调查活动、设计过野炊菜单、外出活动安排表；有过寻宝、建立俱乐部、给父母准备生日礼物等英语实践活动的体验。
本班大部分学生有较为明确的英语学习动机和积极主动的学习态度，能积极和他人合作，相互帮助，共同完成学习任务。
有不少学生表达较艰难，因此，在位置安排上，应把他们平均分配到各组，让好的学生带动他们学习，设计任务时应易到难、难易适中，教师在活动过程中经常跟他们交流，给予帮助和鼓励。
本课内容贴近学生生活，七年级的学生对有关服装的知识有些了解，所以接受起来应该不难。
但是词汇的发音以及概念，却需要老师的及时指导。
而且这个年龄段的学生好动，注意力容易分散，记忆的持续时间不长，需要老师设计令人感兴趣的活动，帮助他们提高记忆单词的效率。
初中生中考必须掌握的英语语法大汇总
语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。
因此，单词的形态变化是语法学习的基础之基础。
而九种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。
总之，语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。
语法知识掌握得好，将大大加快英语学习的进程。
本文帮大家归纳了词法、九种基本时态以及初中生需要掌握五种基本从句，希望对广大中学生有所帮助。
1词法▊ 1.名词名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。
如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news 等。
名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。
B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es名词的所有格A.单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ballB.表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。
如：This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。
如:the students’ books，the girls’ blouses(另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。
人教出版初级中学英语学习知识重点汇总
初中英语知识点汇总初一年级（上）【知识梳理】I. 重点短语1. Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shoppingII. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about…?3. Let’s do sth.4. It’s time to do sth.5. It’s time for …6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s…7. Where is…? It’s….8. How old are you? I’m….9. What class are you in? I’m in….10. Welcome to….11. What’s …plus…? It’s….12. I think…13. Who’s this? This is….14. What can you see？I can see….15. There is (are) ….16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)…17. Whose …is this? It’s….18. What time is it? It’s….III. 交际用语1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! You’re welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. What’s your name? My name is ….9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who’s on duty today?11. Let’s do.12. Let me see.IV. 重要语法1. 动词be的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法。
初级中学英语语法资料(含讲义与练习题)
第一讲名词和冠词一名词：世界上由万事万物构成的，这些事物各有名称，表示这些名称的名词叫作名词。
名词的分类：专有名词和普通名词专有名词：表示具体的人名，事物，地名，机构和节日等名称的词称为专有名词。
（专有名词开头第一个字母必须大写）①表示人：Yang Liwei 杨利伟Alice 爱丽丝②表示事物：the Changjiang River 长江December 十二月③表示地名：Macao 澳门New York 纽约④表示节日: Christmas Day 圣诞节Children’s Day 儿童节⑤表示机构：WTO 世界贸易组织the University of London 伦敦大学普通名词：指一类人，事物，物质或抽象概念的名称。
（一）名词的单复数形式：可数名词的单复数形式2. 不规则变化⑴名词复数的特殊形式man—men, woman—women, policeman—policemen, Englishman—Englishmen,foot—feet, tooth—teeth, child—children, German—Germans⑵有些名词的单复数形式同形Chinese, Japanese, deer, sheep, fish⑶合成名词，只将其主题词变为复数形式girl student—girl students pencil-box—pencil-boxes⑷由man和woman构成的合成词，全部变成复数man doctor—men doctors woman teacher ---women teachers⑸只有复数的名词trousers, glasses, thanks, clothes, goods, compasses, stairs, people, scissors, chopsticks⑹不可数名词的数量表达a piece of bread/meat; five drops of water; six bags of rice; seven pairs of shoes;eight basketball of apples; nine piece of news课堂练习：A组：选择最佳答案1. Mrs. Lenny gave us ______________ on how to learn English well.A) some advices B) many advices C) some advice D) an advice2. If these trousers are too big, buy a small _______________A) set B) one C) pair D) copy3. A group of __________ are talking about two ______________A) Frenchmans; Germen B) Germans; FrenchmansC) Frenchmen; Germans D) German; Frenchmen4. ---What would you like to drink, girls? ---______________, please.A) two cup of coffee B) two cups of coffeeC) two cups of coffees D) two cup of coffees5. My mother and my sister are both _____________________A) woman teachers B)women teacher C) woman teacher D) women teachers6. We needn’t buy any __________. There are many in the fridge.A) fruit B) milk C) meat D) eggs7. How many ___________ can you see?A) milks B) a glass of milk C) glasses of milks D) glasses of milk8. I think maths ______________ very useful.A) is B) are C) am D) be9. The little baby has two __________ already.A) tooth B) tooths C) teeth D) teeths10. I’m thirsty, please make _________ for me.A) a tea B) a cup of tea C) teas D) a cup of teasB组：用所给词的正确形式填空1. I have two _________________(knife).2. They come from different _________________(country).3. The _________(meet) begins at 2:00 in the afternoon.4. We have quite lots of nice ___________(photo). Let me show you some of them.5. How many ___________(foot) does a cat have?6. There are many ___________(bus) on the road.7. Look at the picture, a lion is running after a group of _____________(deer).8. Here is a birthday card for you with our best _____(wish).9. Changjiang River is one of the longest ______________(river) in China.10. The students in Class 1 are all __________________(Japan).C 组：判断对错1. A: My glasses is broken. ( ) B: My glasses are broken. ( )2. A: I want to buy two pairs of shoes. ( )B: I want to buy two shoes. ( )3. A: I need a few ink. ( ). B: I need a little ink. ( )4. A: Don’t eat too much meat. ( ) B: Don’t eat too much meats. ( )5. A: May I borrow two radioes? ( ) B: May I borrow two radios? ( )(二) 名词所有格：表示名词所属关系的一种形式1. 单数名词的所有格，只需在词尾加’s Jim’s sister Lucy’s pen2. 以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，只加’the students’ book Teachers’ Day3. 不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，应加’s Children’s Day Women’s Day4. 表示几个人共有的东西，只需要在最后一个人的名词后面加’s, Lucy and Lily’s bedroom5. 表示各自所有的，则每个名词都加’s Lucy’s and Lily’s desks6. 名词所有格常用省略式，省去被名词所有格修饰的名词at the doctor’s7. “of+ 名词所有格”，通常作后置定语，这种结构通常指整体中的部分或一个a friend of my father’s the window of the roomA组：选择最佳答案1. Tony’s car is more beautiful than _______________________.A) his brother’s and sister B) his brother and sisterC) his brothers and sisters D) his brother and sister’s2. ---How long does it take to get to the station? ---It’s ____________ walk.A) six minute’s B) six-minutes C) six minutes’D) six minutes3. These are _____________ bikes.A) Jin and Sam’s B) Jim’s and Sam C) Jim and Sam D) Jim’s and Sam’s4. Twelve __________ were hurt, but no __________ were lost in the accident.A) person; life B) people; lives C) peoples; lives D) persons; life5. There’s something important in _________________.A) paper of today B) today newspaper’s C) today newspaper D) today’s newspaper6. Miss Smith is a friend of _______________A) Mary’s mother’s B) Mary’s mother C) Mary mother’s D) mother’s of Mary7. Joan is _____________ sister.A) Mary and Jack B) Mary’s and Jack’s C) Mary’s and Jack D) Mary and Jack’s8. I will give you __________ to finish it.A) two week’s time B) two week time C) two weeks’ time D) two weeks time9. This is not your radio, but __________________A) yours brother B) your brother’s C) you brother’s D) yours brother’s10. My school is about twenty __________ walk from here?A)minute B) minutes’C) minute’s D) minutes二冠词：英语中名词前常会出现a,an或the这三个词，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物，冠词是虚词，是名词的一种标志，它不能脱离名词独立存在，不能单独作句子成分。
初级中学英语必背词汇资料全套汇编
初中英语必背词汇总结（一）一、冠词(3个)1.a 一个(件/只……)2.an 一个(件/只……)3.the 这;这个;那;那个二.连词(24个)1.after 在……以后2.and 和;又3.as 像……一样;如同;因为4.because 因为5.before 在……之前6.but 但是7.if 如果;假使;是否;是不是8.neither 也不9.nor 也不10.or 或者;还是;否则11.since 从……以来;……以后12.that 既然;由于;(引导宾语从句等)13.though 虽然14.till 直到;直到……为止15.until 直到;直到……为止16.when 当……的时候17.whether 是否18.while 在/当……的时候;和……同时19.than 比20.so 因此;所以21.both…and… 两个都;既……又……22.not only…but also… 不但……而且……23.either…or… 或者……或者……;不是……就是……24.neither…nor… 既不……也不……三.介词(37个)1.about 在各处;四处;关于2.after 在……之后;在……后面3.along 沿着;顺着4.as 作为;当作5.among 在……中间;在(三者或三者以上)之间6.at (表示地点/位置)在;(表示时间)在……时(刻);(表示动作的目标和方向)7.before 在……前面;在……以前8.behind 在……后面9.below 在……下面10.beside 在……旁边;靠近11.between 在(两者) 之间;在……中间12.down 沿着(街道、河流)而下13.by 在……旁边;靠近;在……时间;(指时间)不迟于; (用于被动语态) 被(表示方法、手段) 用; 由(指交通工具等) 乘;14.during 在……的期间;在……过程中15.except 除……之外16.for (表示方向) 往;(表示所属) ……的;(说明目的或用途) 为…17.from (表示起点) 从;(表示开始的时候) 从……起;(表示距离) 距;(表示来源) 来自18.in front of 在……前面19.into (表示动作的方向)到……内;(表示情况和结果的变化)变成20.in (表示位置)在…里/内/中;在…(时间) 穿;戴在…(情况/ 状况) 中;使用(语言)21.like 像22.near 在……附近;靠近23.off (表示脱离)离开24.of (表示所属关系)…的;表示数量)…的;(表示其中)…的25.on 在……上面;在……时刻;关于26.over 在……上方(以上);越过;遍及27.past (指时间)过;走过某处28.since 自从…以来29.through 穿过;通过;从开始到结束30.till 直到……为止31.until 直到……为止32.up 在/向……上面33.to (表示方向) 到，向;(表示间接关系) 给; (表示钟点) 在……之前34.with (表示具有) 带有;(表示手段或方法)用; (表示伴随) 与…一道;和…一起35.without 没有36.round 环绕一周;围着37.under 在/向……下面四、代词(40个)1.人称代词（8对）我I / me 你you / you 他he / him 她she / her 它it / it 我们we / us 你们you / you 他/她/它们they / them2.物主代词（8对）我的my / mine 你的your / yours 他的his / his 她的her / hers它的its / its 我们的our / ours 你们的your / yours他/她/它们的their / theirs3.反身代词（6个）我自己myself 你自己yourself 他自己himself 她自己herself 它自己itself 我们自己ourselves你们自己yourselves他/她/它们自己themselves五、数词1. 基数词（32个）1. one2. two3. three4. four5. five6. six7. seven8. eigh9. nine 10. ten 11. eleven12. twelve 13. thirteen 14. fourteen15. fifteen 16. sixteen 17. seventeen 18. eighteen 19. nineteen 20. twenty 21. twenty-one 30. thirty 40. forty 50. fifty 60. sixty 70. seventy 80. eighty 90. ninety 100. a hundred 123. a hundred and twenty-three1,000. a thousand 1,000,000. a million 2. 序数词第一first 第二second 第三third 第四fourth 第五fifth 第六sixth 第七seventh 第八eighth 第九ninth 第十tenth 第十一eleventh第十二twelfth 第十三thirteenth第十四fourteenth 第十五fifteenth 第十六sixteenth 第十七seventeenth 第十八eighteenth 第十九nineteenth 第二十twentieth 第二十一twenty-first 第三十thirtieth 第四十fortieth 第五十fiftieth 第六十sixtieth 第七十seventieth 第八十eightieth 第九十ninetieth 第一百 a hundredth 第一百二十三a hundred and twenty-third第一千a thousandth第一百万a millionth六.形容词(151个)1. able 能够;有能力的2. above 上面的3. afraid 害怕的;担心的4. alone 单独的5. all 全部;所有的6. angry 生气的;愤怒的7. another 再一;另一8. any 一些;任何的9. bad 坏的;严重的10. beautiful 美丽的11. big 大的12. black 黑色的13. blue 蓝色的14. both 两;双15. bright 明亮的;聪明的16. brown 棕(褐)色的17. busy 忙的;忙碌的18. careful 小心的;仔细的19. cheap 便宜的;贱20. clean 干净的;清洁的21. clear 清晰的;清楚的22. close 近的;靠近的23. cloudy 多云的24. cold 冷的;寒冷的25. cool 凉的;凉快的26. dangerous 危险的27. dark 黑暗的;深色的28. dead 死的29. dear 亲爱的;贵的30. deep 深的31. delicious 美味的；可口的32. different 不同的；差异的33. difficult 困难的；艰难的34. dirty 脏的35. dry 干的；干燥的36. early 早的37. east 东方的38. easy 容易的39. either （两者中）任何一方的40. empty 空的41. enough 足够的；充分的42. every 每一；每个的43. expensive 昂贵的44. famous 著名的45. far 远的46. fast 快的47. favourite 喜爱的；中意的48. few 不多的；少数的49. fine 晴朗的；（身体）很好50. first 第一；最初的51. foreign 外国的52. free 空闲的53. friendly 友好的54. front 前面的；前部的55. full 满的；饱的56. glad 高兴的；乐意的57. good 好；良好58. great 伟大的；重要的59. green 绿色的60. half 半；一半61. happy 高兴的；幸福的62. hard 困难的63. healthy 健康的；卫生的64. heavy 重的65. high 高的66. hot 热的67. hungry 饥饿的68. ill 生病的；不健康的69. important 重要的70. interested 感兴趣的；关心的71. interesting 有趣的72. kind 友好的；和善的73. large 大的；巨大的st 最后的；最近刚过去的75. late 迟的；晚的76. lazy 懒惰的77. left 左边的78. light 轻的；浅色的79. little 小的；少的80. long （距离）长的/远的81. loud 大声的；响亮的82. low 底的；矮的83. lucky 运气好的；侥幸的84. many 许多的85. modern 现代的86. much 许多的；大量的87. near 近的 88. neither （两者）都不89. new 新的；新鲜的90. nex61. happy 高兴的；幸福的62. hard困难的63. healthy 健康的；卫生的64. heavy重的65. high 高的66. hot热的67. hungry 饥饿的68. ill 生病的；不健康的69. important 重要的70. interested 感兴趣的；关心的71. interesting 有趣的72. kind 友好的；和善的73. large 大的；巨大的st 最后的；最近刚过去的75. late 迟的；晚的76. lazy懒惰的77. left 左边的78. light 轻的；浅色的79. little 小的；少的80. long （距离）长的/远的81. loud 大声的；响亮的82. low 底的；矮的83. lucky 运气好的；侥幸的84. many许多的85. modern 现代的86. much 许多的；大量的87. near 近的88. neither （两者）都不89. new 新的；新鲜的90. next （距离）最近的；紧挨的91. nice 美好的；令人愉快的92. n没有93. north 北方的94. old 旧的；年老的95. only 唯一的；仅有的96. open 开着的；开口的97. orange 橙色的98. other 别的；另外的99. polite 有礼貌的100. poor 贫穷的101. popular 流行的102. possible 可能的；可能发生的103. quick 快的；迅速的104. quiet 安静的105. ready 准备好的106. red 红色的107. rich 富裕的；有钱的108. right 右边的；正确的109. round 圆的；球形的110. sad 悲伤的；使人悲伤的111. same 同样的112.second 第二113. serious 严重的；认真的114.several 几个；若干115. short 短的；矮的116. sick 生病的；有病的117. slow 慢的；缓慢的118. small 小的；少的119. some 一些；几个120. sorry 对不起的；难过的121. south 南方的122. strong （身体）强壮的123. such 这样的；那样的124. sure 肯定的;确定的125. sweet 甜的126. tall 高的127. terrible 可怕的；极不舒服的128. that 那；那个129. these 这些130. thin 瘦的；薄的131. thirsty 口渴的132. this 这；这个133. those 那些134. tired 疲劳的；累的135. true 真的；真实的eful 有用的；有益的137. usual 通常的；平常的138.warm 暖和的；温暖的139. weak 差的；弱的140.well 好的；健康的141. wet 湿的；潮的142.west 西方的143. what 多么；何等；什么144.which 哪一个；哪些145. white 白色的146.whole 整个的147. wide 宽的；宽阔的148.wonderful 极好的，精彩的 149. wrong 错误的；不对的150.yellow 黄色的151. young 年轻的七．副词（94个）1.about 大约；到处2. above 在上面3. after 在后；后来4. again 再一次；再；又5.ago 以前6. all 全部地7.almost 几乎；将近8. along 向前；和……一起9.already 已经10. also 也11. always 总是；永远12. around 在周围；在附近13.away 离开；远离14. back 向后；回原处15.before 以前16. behind 在后面；向后17.certainly当然18. close 近；靠近19.deep 深地20. down 向下21. early 早地22. either 也（不）23. enough 足够地；充分地24. even 甚至；更25. ever 曾经；无论何时26. everywhere 到处27. far 远地28. fast 快地；迅速地29. first 最初30. hard 努力地；（下雨/ 下雪等）猛烈地31. hardly 几乎不32. here 这里；在这里；向这里33. home 回家；到家34. how 怎样；多少35. in 在家；在内；向内36. instead 代替；顶替37. just 正好；刚才；仅38. last 最后地；最近刚过去39. late 迟地；晚地40. later 之后；过后41. left 向左42. little 很少地43. long 长久44. loud 大声地；响亮地45. low 低；矮46. much 非常；更加47. near 附近；邻近48. neither 也不49. never 决不；从来不50. next 随后；下一步51. no 没有；不；无52. not 不；没53. now现在54. off （电/ 自来水）停了55. often 经常56. on （穿/戴/放……）上57. once 从前58. only 只；仅仅59. out 离开；向外；在外60. outside 在外面61. over 结束；完了62. perhaps 可能；也许63. quickly 快地；迅速地64. quite 完全；十分65. rather 相当；宁可66. really 真正地；确实67. right 正确地；恰恰68. since 从那时以来69. slowly 慢地；缓慢地70. so 如此；很71. sometimes 有时72. soon 很快；不久73. still 仍然；还74. such 那么75. suddenly 突然76. then 那时；然后77. there 在(往)那儿；表示“存在”78. through自始至终79. today 今天；现在；当前80. together 一起81. tomorrow 明天82. tonight 今天晚上；今夜83. too 也；太84. twice 两次；两倍85. under 在下面；向下面86. up 向上；在上87. usually 通常；经常88. very 很；非常89. well 好90. when 什么时候91. where 在（往）哪里92. why 为什么93. yes 是；同意94. yet 还；仍然八．动词（176个）1. agree 同意2. answer 回答；答复3. arrive 到达；达到4. ask 问；请求；要求5. be 是；成为6. beat 敲打；打胜；打赢7. become 变得；成为8. begin 开始；着手9. blow吹；刮风；吹气10. borrow （向别人）借；借用11. break 打破；打断；打碎12. bring 带来；拿来13. brush 刷；擦14. buy 买；购买15. call 称呼；取名；叫喊16. can 能够；可以；可能17. care 关心；照料；照顾18. carry 运送；搬运；携带19. catch 捉住；赶上（车辆）20. change 改变；更换21. choose 挑选；选举22. clean 弄干净；擦干净23. close 关；闭24. come 来；来到25. cook 煮；烧；烹调26. cost 花费；值（多少钱）27. cover 覆盖；遮盖；掩盖28. cross 穿过；渡过29. cry 喊叫；哭30. cut 切割；相交；切牌；停拍；31. dance 跳舞32. decide 决定；下决心33. die 死34. dig 挖（洞/沟等）；掘35. do 做（事）；干（事）36. draw 画；绘制37. drink 喝；饮38. drive 驾驶；驱赶39. eat 吃40. enjoy 欣赏；享有41. excuse 原谅；宽恕42. fail 失败；不及格43. fall 落下；下降44. feel 感觉；触；摸45. fill 满；充满46. find 找到；发现47. finish 结束；做完48. fish 钓鱼；捕鱼49. fly 飞；飞行50. follow 跟随；（表示时间/次序等）接着51. forget 忘记；忘掉52. get 变得；得到53. give 给；给予54. go 去；走55. grow 生长；种植56. hand 递；给；交付57. happen 发生58. have 有；吃；喝；进行59. hear 听见；听说60. help 帮助61. hold 拿；握住；举行62. hope 希望63. hurry 赶紧；匆忙64. hurt 伤害；伤痛65. invent发明；创造66. join 连接；参加；加入67. jump 跳；跳跃68. keep 保持；保存69. kill 杀死；弄死70. knock 敲击；打71. know 知道；懂得72. last 持续73. laugh 笑；大笑；嘲笑74. lay 放；搁；生（蛋）75. learn 学习；学会76. leave 离开；剩下77. lend 借出；把……借给78. let 让79. lie 躺；卧；平放80. like 喜欢；喜爱；想要81. listen 听；仔细听；倾听82. live 居住；生活83. look 看；好像；显得84. love 爱；热爱；很喜欢85. make 做；制造86. matter 要紧；有关系（用于否定句和疑问句）87. may 可以；可能88. mean 意思是…；意味着…89. meet 遇见；碰见90. mend修理91. mind 关心；介意92. miss 错过；没看见93. move 移动；搬动94. must 必须；（表示猜测）一定是95. name 取名；命名96. need 需要；必需97. open 打开；张开98. own 拥有99. pass 经过；传递100. pay 付钱101. pick 拾起；采集102. plant 种植；播种103. play 玩；打（球）104. please 请105. post 邮寄106. practise 练习；实践107. pull 拉；拖108. push 推109. put 放；摆110. rain 下雨111. reach 到达；抵达112. read 读；朗读113. receive 收到；得到114. remember 记得；想起115. report 报告；报道116. ride 骑（马/自行车等）；乘车旅行117. ring （钟/铃等）响；给…打电话118. run 跑；奔跑119. save 救；挽救120. say 说；讲121. see 看；拜访；看望122. seem 好像；似乎123. sell 卖；销售124. send 派遣；送125. set 建立；创立126. shall 将；要；会127. shine 照耀；发光；发亮128. shop 到商店买东西129. shout 喊；高声呼喊130. show 给……看；出示131. sing 唱；唱歌132. sit 坐133. sleep 睡觉134. smell 嗅；闻；散发气味135. smile 微笑136. snow 下雪137. sound 听起来；似乎138. speak 说话；讲话139. spend 花费（时间/金钱等）；度过140. stand 站；立141. start 开始；出发142. stay 停留；暂住143. step 走；跨步144. stop 使停止；阻止145. study 学习；研究146. surprise 使惊奇；使诧异147. swim 游；游泳148. take 拿；带去；花费149. talk 说话；交谈150. teach151. telephone 打电话152. tell 告诉；讲述153. thank 谢；感谢154. think 想；认为155. throw 投；掷；扔156. travel （长途）旅行157. try 试；努力158. turn 转动；转变159. understand 懂得；理解160. use 利用；使用161. visit 参观；访问；拜访162. wait 等；等候163. wake 醒；醒来164. walk 走；散步165. want 想要；需要166. wash 洗167. watch 观看；注视168. water 给……浇水169. wear 穿；戴170. welcome 欢迎171. will 将；会；要172. win 获胜；赢得173. wish 希望；想要174. work 工作；运转175. worry 烦恼；担心176. write 书写；写下九．名词（上）1. accident 事故；意外的事2. address 住址；通讯处3. afternoon 下午4. air 空气；大气5. all 全部；全体人员6. animal 动物7. answer 答案8. apple 苹果9. arm 胳臂10. art 美术11. aunt 婶母；伯母12. autumn 秋天；秋季13. back 背；背后14. bag 书包；袋子15. ball 球16. banana 香蕉17. basket 篮子18. basketball 篮球；篮球运动19. bed 床20. bedroom 卧室21. bell 钟；铃22. best 最好的人或物23. bike 自行车24. bill 帐单；清单25. bird 鸟26. birthday 生日27. bit 一点；一些28. black 黑色29. blackboard 黑板30. blue 蓝色31. boat 小船32. body 身体；躯体33. book 书；本子34. bookshop 书店35. bottle 瓶子36. box 箱子；盒子37. boy 男孩38. bread 面包39. breakfast 早餐40. bridge 桥41. brother 兄弟42. brown 棕色；褐色43. brush 刷子44. building 建筑物；房屋45. business 商业；生意46. bus 公共汽车47. cake 蛋糕48. call （一次）电话49. car 小汽车50. card 卡片；名片51. care 小心；照料52. cat 猫53. center 中心；中央54. chair 椅子55. change 变化；零钱56. child 孩子；儿童57. Christmas 圣诞节58. cinema 电影；电影院59. city 城市60. class 班；课61. classmate 同班同学62. classroom 教室63. clock 钟64. clothes 衣服65. coat 上衣；外套66. cold 寒冷；感冒/着凉67. colour 颜色68. comrade同志69. computer 电脑；电子计算机70. cook 厨师；炊事员71. copy （书/报等的）一本/份/册……72. corner 角落；拐角73. cotton 棉花74. country 国家；农村75. course 过程；经过76. cover 盖子；罩77. cow 奶牛；母牛78. cross 十字形；交叉79. cry 叫喊；哭声80. cup 杯；杯子81. dad 爸爸82. dance 跳舞83. dark 黑暗；深色84. date 日期85. daughter 女儿86. day 天；日87. desk 书桌88. dictionary 字典；词典89. dinner 正餐90. doctor 医生91. dog 狗92. dollar 元（美/加拿大）93. door 门94. dress 服装；女装95. drink 饮料；喝酒96. driver 司机；驾驶员97. duck 鸭子98. dumpling饺子99. ear 耳朵100. earth 地球101. east 东；东方102. egg 蛋；卵103. end 末尾；终点104. enough 足够；充足105. evening 晚上；傍晚106. exam 考试；测试107. excuse 借口；辩解108. exercise 做操；练习109. eye 眼睛110. face 脸；面孔111. factory 工厂112. family 家庭113. fan 爱好者；……迷114. farm 农场；农庄115. farmer 农民116. father 父亲117. favourite 特别喜爱的人或物118. field 田地；场地119. film 电影；影片120. fire 火；火灾121. first 开始；开端122. fish 鱼；鱼肉123. floor 地板；（楼房的）层124. flower 花125. food 食物；食品126. foot 脚/ 足；英尺127. football 足球128. foreigner 外国人129. friend 朋友130. fridge 电冰箱131. front 前面；前部132. fruit 水果133. fun 有趣的事；娱乐134. future 将来；未来135. game 游戏；比赛136. garden 花园137. girl 女孩138. glass 玻璃；玻璃杯139. grade 等级；（中、小学的）学年140. grandfather 祖父；外祖父141. grandpa 爷爷；外公142. grandmother 祖母；外祖母143. grandma 奶奶；外婆144. grass 草；牧草145. green 绿色146. ground 地面；运动场147. group 群；小组148. hair 头发149. half 半；一半150. hand 手；（钟/表的）指针151. head 头；头部152. heart 心；心脏153. help 帮助154. hill 小山155. history 历史156. hole 洞157. holiday 假日；节日158. home 家159. homework 家庭作业160. hope 希望161. horse 马162. hospital 医院163. hotel 旅馆164. hour 小时165. house 房子166. hurry 赶紧；急忙167. husband 丈夫168. ice 冰169. idea 主意；想法170. interest 兴趣；趣味171. jacket 短上衣；外套172. key 钥匙；答案173. kilometer 千米；公里174. kind 种；175. knife 小刀176. lady 女士；夫人177. lake 湖178. land 陆地；土地179. language 语言180. last 最后181. laugh 笑；嘲笑182. league联盟183. left 左边184. leg 腿185. lesson 课；功课186. letter 字母；信187. library 图书馆188. life 生命；生活189. light 光；灯190. line 线；生产（装配）线九．名词（中）191. list 清单；名单192. little 没有多少；一点193. lot 很多194. love 爱195. lunch 午餐196. machine 机器197. madam 女士；夫人；小姐198. man （成年）男人199. map 地图200. market 市场；集市201. match 比赛202. maths 数学203. matter 事情；问题（与the连用204. meal 一餐（饭）205. meat 肉206. medicine （内服）药207. meeting 会；聚会208. member 成员；会员209. metre 米；公尺210. middle 中间；当中211. milk 牛奶212. mind 思想；想法213. minute 分（钟）；一会儿/ 瞬间214. Miss 小姐215. mistake 错误216. moment 一会儿；片刻217. money 钱；货币218. monkey 猴子219. month 月220. moon 月亮221. morning 早上；上午222. most 大部分；大多数223. mother 母亲224. mountain 山；山脉225. mouth 嘴226. Mr 先生227. Mrs 夫人228. much 许多；大量229. museum 博物馆230. music 音乐231. name 名字；姓名232. need 需要；必需233. news 新闻；消息234. newspaper 报纸235. night 夜晚；黑夜236. nobody 没有人237. noise 响声；噪声238. noon 中午239. north 北；北方240. nose 鼻子241. number 数字；号码242. nurse 护士243. o'clock ……点钟244. office 办公室245. once 一次；从前246. orange 橙子；柑子247. page 页；页码248. pair 一对；一副249. paper 纸；报纸250. pardon 原谅251. parent 父（母）亲252. park 公园253. part 部分254. party 聚会；党派255. past 过去；往事256. pay 工资257. pear 梨258. pen 钢笔259. pencil 铅笔260. people 人；人们261. person 人262. photo 照片263. picnic 野餐264. picture 照片；图画265. piece 一块/片/张/件…266. pioneer先锋；开拓者267. place 地方；地点268. plane 飞机269. plant 植物270. plate 碟子；盘子271. play 玩耍；戏剧272. police 警察；警察当局273. post 邮寄；邮政274. potato 土豆；马铃薯275. present 礼物276. problem 问题；难题277. programme 节目；项目278. pupil 学生279. push 推280. quarter 一刻钟；四分之一281. question 问题282. race 赛跑；竞赛283. radio 收音机；无线电284. rain 雨；下雨285. red 红色286. report 报告；报道287. rest 休息；其余288. rice 大米；米饭289. right 右边；正确290. ring 打电话291. river 江；河292. road 道路；公路293. room 房间；室294. school 学校295. science 科学296. sea 海；海洋297. season 季；季节298. seat 座位299. second 秒；第二个人或物300. set 设备；（一）套301. sheep 羊；绵羊302. ship 船；轮船303. shirt （男式）衬衫304. shoe 鞋305. shop 商店；店铺306. shout 喊；高声呼喊307. side 边；面308. sir 先生309. sister 姐妹310. size 尺寸；大小311. skirt （女）短裙312. sky 天空；天313. sleep 睡觉314. smell 味；气味315. smile 微笑316. snow 雪317. soldier 士兵318. son 儿子319. song 歌唱；歌曲320. sound 声音321. south 南；南方322. sport 运动；运动会323. spring 春天；春季324. stamp 邮票325. star 星; 恒星326. station （火车/汽车等）站；之声327. stay 停留；逗留328. step 脚步；脚步声329. stick木棒；木棍330. stop 停止；车站331. story 故事；小说332. street 街；街道333. student 学生334. study 学习；研究335. subject 科目；（语法）主语336. sugar 糖337. summer 夏天；夏季338. sun 太阳；阳光339. supper 晚餐340. surprise 惊奇；诧异341. sweet 糖果342. swim 游；游泳343. table 桌子344. talk 谈话；讲话345. tea 茶；茶叶346. teacher 教师347. team 队；组348. telephone 电话349. temperature温度350. term 学期351. thank 感谢；谢谢352. thing 事情；东西353. ticket 票；券354. time 时间；次355. today 今天356. tomorrow 明天357. tooth 牙齿358. top 顶部；（物体的）上面359. town 城镇；镇360. train 火车361. travel （长途）旅行362. tree 树363. trouble 烦恼；麻烦364. TV 电视365. uncle 叔父；伯父366. vegetable 蔬菜367. village 村庄；乡村368. visitor 参观者；访问者369. walk 走；散步370. wall 墙371. watch 手表；怀表372. water 水373. way 道路；方法374. weather 天气375. week 周；星期376. welcome 欢迎377. west 西；西方378. while 一会儿；一段时间379. white 白色380. wife 妻子381. wind 风382. window 窗383. winter 冬天；冬季384. wish 愿望；祝愿385. woman 妇女；女人386. word 词；单词387. work 工作；劳动388. worker 工人；工作者389. world 世界390. year 年391. yellow 黄色392. yesterday 昨天393. zero 零394. zoo 动物园2015年山东省春季高考英语考试大纲是以教育部颁发的《中等职业学校英语教学大纲》为依据，以教育部职成教司教材处和山东省教育厅颁布的中等职业学校用书目录中有关教材为主要参考教材，结合山东省中等职业学校英语教学的实际制定的。
初中英语复习资料
初中英语复习资料Section 1: 词汇复
- 重点词汇复：
- 单词音标、词义及用法
- 词语辨析
- 语境运用：
- 阅读理解题型，根据上下文猜测词义
- 词汇填空题型，根据句意选择合适的词汇Section 2: 语法复
- 时态复：
- 现在时、过去时、将来时等时态的用法
- 时态在句子中的转换
- 语法知识点：
- 名词、动词、形容词、副词等的基本用法
- 语法规则运用，如主谓一致、代词的使用等Section 3: 句型复
- 基本句型：
- 肯定句、否定句、疑问句等基本句型的构成- 不同句型在交流中的运用
- 复合句构造：
- 并列句、从句等复合句的构造和用法
- 复合句在段落表达中的运用
Section 4: 阅读理解
- 阅读理解题型：
- 根据文章理解文章主旨、细节等
- 根据文章回答相关问题
- 阅读技巧：
- 阅读过程中的标记和总结
- 提升阅读速度和理解能力的方法
Section 5: 写作练
- 写作类型：
- 书面表达、口头表达等不同形式的写作练
- 基础句式和词汇运用的训练
- 写作技巧：
- 写作前的构思和提纲准备
- 写作过程中的语言表达和段落结构的掌握
以上是初中英语复习资料的完整版，希望能够帮助你做好复习准备。
加油！。
中学生英语学习（Englishlearningformiddleschoolstudents）
中学生英语学习（English learning for middle school students）Students can learn a foreign language well.One day at least one passageThe director general of Quanzhou City, Fuji should be said to reporters, the original old curriculum standard of junior high school students only need to know about 800 words, high school master about 2000 words. But after the implementation of the new curriculum standard for junior high school students, mastering 1600 to 1800 words, grasp 3300 words of high school students, the new curriculum also requires high school students to have at least 30 words of extra-curricular reading. Now the passage reading comprehension of college entrance examination about each about 300 words, that is to say only in high school, students must complete 1000 kind of extracurricular reading quantity, average day to read a passage.A few years of college entrance examination papers from the situation of new curriculum, the reading will also continue to strengthen the students' reading speed, the language ability of the test is not affected by the outline of restrictions, allow "reading Chaogang word. The paper will continue to appear some notes on Chinese but do not affect the understanding of the examination of the contents of the new words. On the test of reading ability is not only reflected in the five paragraph of the reading materials, but also reflected in the roll surface, such as the detection score relatively large cloze is the ability to read. Proofreading and writing exercises and reading ability are closely related. Grammar is not simply to examine the knowledge of grammar, but through the whole text to examinethe. All of these prediction information proved the necessity and urgency of strengthening the students' reading ability.Read and write read firstWon the two prize of Quanzhou fifth grade students Wu Shijing once held in Chinese daily "twenty-first Century Cup" of the second national high school English speaking competition, but in the summary of his learning experience, she will raise the level of English usually attributed to the accumulation of reading.She told reporters, in addition to the nine sets of CCTV nightly "Hope English", every week she also completed at least 5 pieces of English syllabus, outline each have 5 reading comprehension. Doing the reading comprehension, but deliberately cultivate their reading speed, met a good sentence, she would get up and read them down. See class subscription "twenty-first Century newspaper" is she reading homework every day.Wu Shijing believes that the amount of reading is more subtle to improve the standard of english. Read less, many want to use the English expression statement said export often lied, gradually increase the amount of reading, speaking English naturally many smoothly.In foreign language learning, listening, speaking, reading and writing ability of these should be complementary to each other. However, Professor Zhang Zhiyuan pointed out in the seminar, although the "said" is the first attribute of language, but in English teaching still emphasizes "the rest time, the mostimportant reading, because there is no accumulation of knowledge, the practice would be impossible. The most common example is that many English classroom activities, eventually became part of the outstanding student "monodrama", for those who do not have enough vocabulary related to the students, not be able to carry out activities.There are three types of extracurricular EnglishEnglish reading, English is facing the first choice of materials. Reporters in the bookstore downtown to a circle, found that every kind of English reading is really dazzling, "English world", "English" and "English Salon", "Crazy English"...... In addition, Internet, TV and radio also provides students with a lot of extracurricular English reading.The reporter understands, suitable for middle school students' English reading can be roughly divided into three categories: one is the newspaper, such as the early middle school students "English", and now more by teachers, students "English weekly", "twenty-first Century" junior middle school and high school edition, features of English newspaper is epochal and practical a strong, rich and colorful content, students can understand the language changes through the press change rapidly, understanding today's world politics, economy, culture and other aspects of the dynamic, and corresponding practice;The second is a kind of novel magazine, "learning English", "English", English controlled "English world", "English Salon", University of Oxford Press published "the bookworm series",with "Wuthering Heights", "Oliver", "Pride and Prejudice", "Tess" total 50. The characteristics of this kind of books is a strong story and a wide range of topics, such as "English Salon" poems, scripts; the third category is audio books, such as "Crazy English", as well as the CCTV nine sets and ten sets of special programs for high school students in a software, such as ten sets of CCTV daily at noon broadcast of "OutlookEnglish", this kind of audiobooks strong interest, to stimulate students' interest in learning english. In addition, the new concept English first and second volumes of stories but also because of the small, authentic language, and become a good choice of English reading.Reading material selection on time"In the face of the intricacies of the reading materials, students often feel at a loss, some students started to choose some of them a large amount of reading materials; some students eyebrows beard, grasping a little here, there to catch a little, the lack of rational and systematic.Professor Zhang Zhiyuan said that the English teachers in imparting knowledge to students, should be the "time" and "machine", which is in different stages of learning, according to the strength of the students to introduce students for their reading materials, and audiobooks and silent reading combination.The choice of reading materials must first pay attention to "". Quanzhou seven high one English teacher Xu Hainan said, teachers should pay attention to gradually guide the studentsto English reading. The high school student, is to cultivate their interest in reading, so as to let the students read the "twenty-first Century report" the content of fashion, low requirement of vocabulary and daily newspapers, students are required to complete at least one reading comprehension; to senior high school is to cultivate students' examination skills, do more reading is high; is a large comprehensive stage.The so-called "machine", can also be understood as the theme choice of reading. Quanzhou seven in the English teaching and research group leader Zhu Min said the teacher, the students can combine their interests and hobbies to choose reading materials, such as sports loving students can watch some sports news and so on, but also not only in one or two subjects. It is understood that many students choose to read English books, themes and genres are often relatively simple. For example, many students do not love reading boring technology article, and tend to choose the simple version of the world masterpiece, such as "Jane Eyre", "Snow White", "the little prince" etc.. Of course, these books are highly readable, students are more interested in. But from the point of view to improve the reading level, only in the literature is not enough, but also more contact with other fields, such as science, nature, geography etc.. If a "Eclipse", "picky", so the intake of nutrition will also not comprehensive and balanced."See road" to read ""As the saying goes, the layman watches, insiders look at doorways. Many students in extracurricular English reading books, often with leisure mentality, "watch" skimming over thesurface to "false reading", rather than into "see road" to read "". Therefore, the emergence of such a situation, read many English books, but not improve the overall level of english. Of course, leisure reading should be an important part of the students after school life. However, if the students' Extracurricular English reading in leisure for the purpose, will be branded "congenitally deficient" mark. If things go on like this, the students thought it would be difficult to sharpen, it is difficult to get the sense of language development. So, when the students are interested in reading time, to properly control the extracurricular reading leisure elements, consciously exercise their power to read "".In the absence of teachers under the supervision of the students to improve their reading speed to speed up, give yourself pressure, exercise yourself in the limited time, know what should go to read the article; how to determine which is the main content, which is secondary.Generally speaking, in the limited time, can only read the subject, predicate and object sentence components, adverbial, attributive modifiers can be omitted without reading. If the part of speech classification, then the reading focuses on words, nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and other words, such as prepositions and conjunctions and adverbs of degree can be slid over. That is to say, not always no goals, no clues, does not exist to read word for word and sentence for sentence, must learn to read sentences and paragraphs across across methods. So, to calmly face the articles of any length, quickly grasp the main points, the article summarizes the content, greatly improve the reading speed.Eye movement but also handsQuanzhou Pu classroom English researcher Han teacher told reporters, experts attending the seminar "in the area of a junior high school class teaching" English newspaper reading, the students do English extracurricular reading notes deeply attracted many experts, with students carefully do reading notes carefully read, these real something that students really read ". Because in the actual operation, many students are not only the eye, the pen head, that is to say, do not develop reading writing summary and outline of practice.Seven in Quanzhou to sensitive teacher said, adhere to write summary and outline, can consolidate the results of reading, she asked her students every day to do some summary notes, records of some famous aphorism.The general outline should not be too long, 100 words to 150 words. Recommend read and write by time control in 15 minutes, the students can also be adjusted according to the actual situation. Write a summary of special attention should be faithful to the original intention, not to reinvent the wheel "in life. Should follow the "easy first" and "first after learning, imitation" principle, begin to reflect the content of this paper is available and copied the text in the topic sentence. After a period of training, we can try to rewrite the original sentence, abbreviation, till the end of their sentences, the main content, summed up the text, the author thought attitude. This process should be a natural transition, not anxious. Rather than simply read not write summary way, thestudents' reading activity is more intuitive and operable. When you see yourself to write a book summary, clearly what I have read so many articles, students will have a sense of achievement and sense of self-identity, self development and self improving psychological needs are met, resulting in a strong desire for further reading, the extracurricular reading activities continuously to a higher level.Develop the habit of guessingIn the process of English reading, vocabulary is a stumbling block. So, how to overcome this obstacle? Some students simply choose some English control books, Quanzhou fifth in the history of American teachers held a negative attitude: "in principle, we do not advocate, students are very easy to be dependent, at the beginning of the students will be the first Chinese cover, but in the end, some students simply only Chinese, this is not conducive to training their ability of thinking in english."Some students motionless on the dictionary, now have Wenquxing or Kuaiyitong, check up is more convenient, see a solution to a new word. The correct method of reading is not to solve the problem of reading words again? On the contrary. Because, in the exam is not allowed in the dictionary. If you do not develop good habits through guessing the meaning of the new words, how do encounter the exam?Mr. Zhu Min suggested that, in the normal reading, unless there is a recurring word, and the word affect the understanding of the entire article, at this time, it is necessary to check themeaning. Students should learn to guess the meaning according to the context, or simply jump to read the content, let your ideas with the development of the context, the emotions of the characters, the plot of the walk, let oneself temporarily forget those characters themselves, and focus on the content. Students should be more focus on the content of the article, the plot of the story.If too many students in an article without words, the dictionary can't read the article, that article is not suitable for him, another one on the line. Just keep reading, perhaps soon, with the increase of reading vocabulary, read the original article can be read. To read the article, can also learn some of the things that have the value of the sentence, phrase language knowledge, broaden their knowledge. Just not to read and learn the language knowledge of order, that is fundamentally contrary to the original intention of reading activities, the effect not ideal, and often lead to reading activities to give up halfway.Read, read.In some places there is a misunderstanding of the new curriculum, as curriculum, students can not write back, in fact, depend on the foreign language learning is the basic skills solid, the back to back, the mind will remember. The seminar also pointed out this overkill phenomenon. The extracurricular reading is no exception."During the seminar, an example of Professor Zhang Zhiyuan said that the presence of the teacher impressed. He said, in the Beijing fourth, an annual transport to Qinghua University andmore than 100 students in the high school, the teacher asked the students in high school for 3 years will "recite all the second volumes of" new concept english. 3 years later, their students not only English good grades, write out the English also very short. Professor Zhang said that many foreigners are Chinese students to recite the ability impressed, people should not blindly abandon, in extracurricular English reading, do not recite at least should also be familiar with.Belong to the extensive English reading, reading teaching is to consolidate the achievements, cultivate students' English reading comprehension ability essential link. But now the English extracurricular reading, the most intensive situation is insufficient, blindly reading. After reading an article on the shelf, no longer met. This one-time reading, left in the brain is often some hazy impression, erratic thoughts and superficial feelings, does not comply with the rules of learning english.Memory is the language and the use of the premise, is the growing point of intellectual development. Need to read memory, especially those with typical and valuable sentences and grammar should be learned by heart. But for a long term memory is not completed by the time of reading can, need a continuous "review" and "enhanced" process. Read particularly good works, we must change the disposable reading habits, in the "cooked" to work on. Well, in order to drill deep, get through, the essence of language and grammar boutique into their own knowledge, the use of it can be handy both ways. In order to achieve the "cooked", the teacher in the guidance of extracurricular reading, every time, you can read the book fromthe students in the selection of a part, let the student carry on two times, three times, and even more time reading.review。
初级中学英语单词资料全套汇编分类(带音标)
''一、学习用品(school[sku:l] things) pen钢笔[pen]pencil铅笔['pensəl]pencil-case铅笔盒['pensəl-keis] ruler尺子['ru:lə]book书[buk]bag包[bæɡ]comic book漫画书['kɔmik-buk]post card明信片[pəust-kɑ:d] newspaper报纸['nju:s,peipə, 'nju:z-] schoolbag书包['sku:lbæɡ]eraser橡皮[i'reizə]crayon蜡笔['kreiən] sharpener卷笔刀 ['ʃɑːpənə] story-book故事书['stɔ:ri-buk] notebook笔记本['nəutbuk] Chinese book语文书English book英语书math book数学书[mæθ-buk] magazine杂志[,mæɡə'zi:n] dictionary词典['dikʃənəri]二、人体（body）['bɔdi] foot脚[fut]head头[hed]face脸[feis]hair头发[hεə]nose鼻子[nəuz]mouth嘴[mauθ]eye眼睛[ai]ear耳朵[iə]arm手臂[ɑ:m] hand手[hænd] finger手指['fiŋɡə] leg腿[leɡ]tail尾巴[teil]三、颜色（colours）red红[red]blue蓝[blu:]yellow黄['jeləu] green绿[ɡri:n]white白[hwait]black黑[blæk]pink粉红[piŋk] purple紫['pə:pl] orange橙['ɔrindʒ, 'ɔ:-] brown棕[braun]四、动物（animals）animal['æniməl] cat猫[kæt]dog狗[dɔɡ, dɔ:ɡ]pig猪[piɡ]duck鸭[dʌk]rabbit兔['ræbit]horse马[hɔ:s]elephant大象['elifənt]ant蚂蚁[ænt]fish鱼[fiʃ]bird鸟[bə:d]eagle鹰['i:ɡl]beaver海狸['bi:və]snake蛇[sneik]mouse老鼠[maus, mauz] squirrel松鼠['skwə:rəl,] kangaroo袋鼠[,kænɡə'ru:] monkey猴['mʌŋki] panda熊猫['pændə]bear熊[bεə]''lion狮子['laiən]tiger老虎['taiɡə]fox狐狸[fɔks]zebra斑马['zi:brə] deer鹿[diə]giraffe长颈鹿[dʒi'rɑ:f] goose鹅[ɡu:s]hen母鸡[hen]turkey火鸡['tə:ki] lamb小羊[læm]sheep绵羊[ʃip]goat山羊[ɡəut]cow奶牛[kau]donkey驴['dɔŋki]squid鱿鱼[skwid]lobster龙虾['lɔbstə]shark鲨鱼[ʃɑ:k]seal海豹[si:l]sperm whale抹香鲸[spə:m-weil] killer whale虎鲸['kilə-weil]五、人物（people）['pi:pl]friend朋友[frend]boy男孩[bɔi]girl女孩[ɡə:l]mother母亲['mʌðə]father父亲['fɑ:ðə]sister姐妹['sistə]brother兄弟['brʌðə]uncle叔叔；舅舅['ʌŋkl]man男人[mæn]woman女人['wumən]Miss小姐[mis] Mr.先生lady女士；小姐['leidi]mom妈妈[mɔm]dad爸爸[dæd,]parents父母parent ['pεərənt] grandparents祖父母['ɡrænd,pεərənt] grandma/grandmother（外）祖母['ɡrænd ma:] /['ɡrænd,mʌðə] aunt姑姑[ɑ:nt, ænt]cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹['kʌzən] son儿子[sʌn]daughter女儿['dɔ:tə]baby婴儿['beibi]kid小孩[kid]classmate同学['klɑ:smeit]queen女王[kwi:n]visitor参观者['vizitə]neighbour邻居['neibə]principal校长['prinsəpəl]university student大学生pen pal笔友[pen-pæl]tourist旅行者['tuərist]people人物['pi:pl]robot机器人['rəubɔt]grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父['ɡrændpɑ:] /['ɡrænd,fɑ:ðə]六、职业（jobs）[dʒɔbs] teacher教师['ti:tʃə] student学生['stju:dənt,] doctor医生[dɔktə]nurse护士[nə:s]driver司机[draivə]farmer农民['fɑ:mə] singer歌唱家['siŋə]writer作家['raitə]actor男演员['æktə]actress女演员['æktris]artist画家['ɑ:tist]TV reporter电视台记者[ri'pɔ:tə] engineer工程师[,endʒi'niə]''accountant会计[ə'kauntənt] policeman(男)警察[pə'li:smən] s salesperson销售员['seilz,pə:sən] cleaner清洁工['kli:nə]baseball player棒球运动员['beisbɔ:l-'pleiə] assistant售货员[ə'sistənt] police警察[pə'li:s]七、食品、饮料（food & drink）rice米饭[rais]bread面包[bred]beef牛肉[bi:f]milk牛奶[milk]water水['wɔ:tə, ']egg蛋[eɡ]fish鱼[fiʃ]tofu豆腐['təufu:]cake蛋糕[keik]hot dog热狗[hɔt-[dɔɡ] hamburger汉堡包['hæmbə:ɡə] French fries炸薯条[fraids] cookie曲奇['kuki]biscuit饼干['biskit]jam果酱[dʒæm]noodles面条['nu:dlz]meat肉[mi:t]chicken鸡肉['tʃikin]pork猪肉[pɔ:k]mutton羊肉['mʌtən]vegetable蔬菜['vedʒitəbl]salad沙拉['sæləd]soup汤[su:p]ice冰[ais]ice-cream冰淇淋['aiskri:m]Coke可乐juice果汁[dʒu:s]tea茶[ti:]coffee咖啡['kɔfi]breakfast早餐['brekfəst]lunch午餐[lʌntʃ]dinner/supper晚餐['dinə] /['sʌpə] meal一餐[mi:l]八、水果、蔬菜(fruit/ vegetables)[fru:t]['vedʒitəbl] apple苹果['æpl]banana香蕉[bə'nɑ:nə, -'næ-]pear梨[pεə]orange橙['ɔrindʒ, 'ɔ:-]watermelon西瓜['wɔ:tə-'melən] grape葡萄[ɡreip]eggplant茄子['eɡplɑ:nt,-plænt] green beans青豆[ɡri:n-bi:n] tomato西红柿[tə'mɑ:təu] potato土豆[pə'teitəu] peach桃[pi:tʃ]strawberry草莓['strɔ:bəri] cucumber黄瓜['kju:kʌmbə] onion洋葱['ʌnjən]carrot胡萝卜['kærət] cabbage卷心菜['kæbidʒ]九、衣服（clothes）[kləuðs] jacket夹克衫['dʒækit]shirt衬衫[ʃə:t]T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子[skə:t]dress连衣裙[dres] jeans牛仔裤[dʒi:n, dʒein] pants长裤[pænts]''socks袜子[sɔk]sshoes鞋子[ʃu:]ssweater毛衣['swetə] coat上衣[kəut]raincoat雨衣['reinkəut] shorts短裤[ʃɔ:t s] sneakers网球鞋 ['sni:kəz] slippers拖鞋['slipə]s sandals凉鞋['sædəl]s boots靴子[bu:ts]hat(有沿的)帽子[hæt]cap便帽[kæp]sunglasses太阳镜['sʌn,ɡlɑ:siz,] tie领带[tai]scarf围巾[skɑ:f]gloves手套[ɡlʌv s]trousers裤子['trauzəz]cloth布[klɔθ,]十、交通工具(vehicles)['vi:ikl] bike自行车[baik]bus公共汽车[bʌs]train火车[trein]boat小船[bəut]ship轮船[ʃip]yacht快艇[jɔt]car小汽车[kɑ:]taxi出租车['tæk si]jeep吉普车[dʒi:p]van小货车；面包车[væn]plane/airplane飞机[plein] /['εəplein] subway/underground地铁['sʌbwei] /['ʌndəɡraund]motor cycle摩托车['məutə-'saikl]十一、杂物（other things）['ʌðə][θiŋ]s window窗户['windəu]door门[dɔ:]desk课桌[desk]chair椅子[tʃεə]bed床[bed]computer计算机[kəm'pju:tə]board写字板[bɔ:d]fan风扇[fæn]light灯['lait]teacher's desk讲台['ti:tʃə][desk] picture图画；照片['piktʃə]wall墙壁[wɔ:l]floor地板[flɔ:]curtain窗帘['kə:tən]trash bin垃圾箱[t ræʃ][bin]closet壁橱['klɔzit]mirror镜子['mirə]end table床头柜[end-'teibl] football/soccer足球['fut,bɔ:l]['sɔkə] present礼物['prezənt, pri'zent] walkman随身听[wɔ:k-mæn]lamp台灯[læmp]phone电话[fəun]sofa沙发['səufə]shelf书架[ʃelf]fridge冰箱[fridʒ]table桌子['teibl]TV电视air-conditioner空调[εə] [kən'diʃənə] key钥匙ki:]lock锁[lɔk]photo照片['fəutəu]chart图表[tʃɑ:t]plate盘子[pleit]knife刀[naif]''fork叉[fɔ:k]spoon勺子[spu:n]chopsticks筷子pot锅[pɔt]gift礼物[ɡift]toy玩具[tɔi]doll洋娃娃[dɔl]ball球[bɔ:l]balloon气球[bə'lu:n]kite风筝[kait]jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏['dʒiɡsɔ:] ['pʌzl] box盒子[bɔks]umbrella伞[ʌm'brelə] zipper拉链['zipə]violin小提琴[,vaiə'lin]yo-yo溜溜球nest鸟窝[nest]hole洞[həul]tube管子[tju:b, tu:b] toothbrush牙刷['tu:θbrʌʃ] menu菜单['menju:, mə'nju:]e-card电子卡片[kɑ:d]e-mail电子邮件[meil]traffic light交通灯['træfik]['lait] money钱['mʌni]medicine药['medisin]十二、地点（locations）[ləu'keiʃən] s home家[həum]room房间[ru:m, rum]bedroom卧室['bedru(:)m]bathroom卫生间['bɑ:θrum]living room起居室['liviŋ][ru:m, rum] kitchen厨房['kitʃin]classroom教室['klɑ:srum]school学校[sku:l]park公园[pɑ:k]library图书馆['laibrəri]post office邮局[pəust]['ɔfis]police office警察局[pə'li:s] ['ɔfis] hospital医院['hɔspitəl]cinema电影院['sinəmə]bookstore书店['bukstɔ:]farm农场[fɑ:m]zoo动物园[zu:]garden花园['ɡɑ:dn]study书房['stʌdi]playground操场['pleiɡraund]canteen食堂[kæn'ti:n]teacher's office教师办公室['ti:tʃə]s['ɔfis]library图书馆['laibrəri]gym体育馆[dʒim]washroom卫生间['wɔʃrum]art room绘画教室[ɑ:t] [ru:m, rum] computer room计算机教室[kəm'pju:tə] [ru:m]music room音乐教室['mju:zik] [ru:m, rum] TV room电视机房[ru:m]flat公寓[flæt]company公司['kɔmpəni]factory工厂['fæktəri]fruit stand水果摊[fru:t] [stænd]pet shop宠物商店[pet] [ʃɔp]nature park自然公园['neitʃə][pɑ:k] theme park主题公园[θi:m] [pɑ:k]science museum科学博物馆['saiəns][mju:'ziəm]the Great Wall长城[ɡreit] [wɔ:l] supermarket超市['sju:pə,mɑ:kit]bank银行[bæŋk]country国家['kʌntri]village乡村['vilidʒ]city城市['siti]''hometown家乡['həum'taun] bus stop公交车站[bʌs][stɔp]十三、课程（classes）[klɑ:s, klæs]sports体育运动[spɔ:ts]science科学['saiəns]chemistry 化学physics物理physical education(PE)体育Chinese语文English英语history 历史music音乐computer电脑art美术math数学geography地理biology生物politics政治Social Studies社会课['səuʃəl]十四、国家、城市（countries/cities）['kʌntriz] /['siti]China/PRC中国People's Republic of China）英国England，the United Kingdom (UK)，Britain 美国America，the United States (US) 加拿大Canada 俄罗斯Russia 埃及Egypt 希腊Greece 法国France 德国Germany 日本Japan 南韩South Korea 新加坡Singapore 马来西亚Malaysia 泰国Thailand 印度India 墨西哥Mexico十五、气象（weather）['weðə] cold寒冷的[kəuld]warm温暖的[wɔ:m]cool凉爽的[ku:l]snowy下雪的['snəui] sunny晴朗的['sʌni]hot炎热的[hɔt]rainy下雨的['reini]windy有风的['windi]cloudy多云的['klaudi]weather report天气预报['weðə][ri'pɔ:t]十六、景物（nature）['neitʃə] river河流['rivə]lake湖泊[leik]stream河；溪[stri:m]forest森林['fɔrist]path小道[pɑ:θ, pæθ]road公路[rəud]house房子[haus, hauz] bridge桥[bridʒ]building建筑物['bildiŋ] rain雨[rein]cloud云[klaud]sun太阳[sʌn] mountain山['mauntin] sky天空[skai] rainbow彩虹['reinbəu] wind风[wind]air空气[εə]moon月亮[mu:n]十七、植物（plants）[plɑ:nt, plænt] s flower花['flauə]grass草[ɡrɑ:s, ɡræs]tree树[tri:]seed种子[si:d]sprout苗[spraut]plant植物[plɑ:nt,]rose玫瑰leaf叶子[li:f]''十八、星期（week）[wi:k] Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期天weekend周末[,wi:k'end, 'wi:kend]十九、月份（months）[mʌnθ]zJan. (January)一月 ['dʒænjʊ(ə)rɪ]Feb.（February）二月 ['febrʊərɪ; 'febjʊərɪ] Mar.(March)三月[mɑ:tʃ]April四月['eɪprəl]May五月[mei]June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月[ɔ:'ɡʌst]Sept.(September)九月 [sep'tembə] Oct.(October)十月 [ɒk'təʊbə] Nov.(November)十一月[nəʊ'vembə] Dec.(December)十二月 [dɪ'sembə]二十、季节（seasons）['si:zən]s spring春[spriŋ]summer夏['sʌmə]fall/autumn秋[fɔ:l]/['ɔ:təm] winter冬['wintə]二十一、方位（directions） [dɪ'rekʃ(ə)nz] south南[sauθ, sauð]north北[nɔ:θ]east东[i:st]west西[west] left 左边[left] right右边[rait] up上[ʌp]down下[daun]二十二、患病（illness）['ilnis] have a fever发烧['fi:və]hurt疼痛[hə:t]have a cold感冒[kəuld]have a toothache牙疼have a headache头疼['hedeik] have a sore throat喉咙疼[sɔ:][θrəut]二十三、数词（numbers）['nʌmbəz] one一[wʌn]two二[tu:]three三[θri:]four四[fɔ:]five五[faiv]six六[siks]seven七['sevən] eight八[eit]nine九[nain]ten十[ten]eleven十一[i'levən]''twelve十二[twelv] thirteen十三['θə:'ti:n] fourteen十四['fɔ:'ti:n] fifteen十五['fifti:n]sixteen十六['siks'ti:n] seventeen十七[,sevən'ti:n] eighteen十八['ei'ti:n] nineteen十九[,nain'ti:n] twenty二十['twenti]thirty三十['θə:ti]forty四十['fɔ:ti]fifty五十['fifti]sixty六十['siksti]seventy七十['sevənti] eighty八十['eiti]ninety九十['nainti]forty-two四十二['fɔ:ti- tu:] hundred百['hʌndrəd] one/a hundred and thirty-six一百三十六first第一[fə:st]second第二['sekənd]third第三[θə:d]fourth第四[fɔ:θ]fifth第五[fifθ]eighth第八[eitθ, eiθ]ninth第九[nainθ]twelfth第十二[twelfθ]twentieth第二十['twentiiθ]thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十['fiftiiθ]sixtieth第六十['sikstiθ]seventieth第七十eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六二十四、形容词(adj.) big大的[biɡ]small小的[smɔ:l]long长的[lɔŋ, lɔ:ŋ]tall高的[tɔ:l]short短的；矮的[ʃɔ:t] young年轻的[jʌŋ]old旧的；老的[əuld] strong健壮的[strɔŋ, strɔ:ŋ] thin瘦的[θin]active积极活跃的['æktiv] quiet安静的['kwaiət]nice好看的[nais]kind和蔼亲切的[kaind] strict严格的[strikt]smart聪明的[smɑ:t] funny滑稽可笑的['fʌni] tasty好吃的['teisti] sweet甜的[swi:t]salty咸的['sɔ:lti]sour酸的['sauə]fresh新鲜的[freʃ]favourite最喜爱的['feivərit] clean干净的[kli:n]tired疲劳的['taiə]dexcited兴奋的[ik'saitid]angry生气的['æŋɡri]happy高兴的['hæpi]bored无聊的sad忧愁的[sæd]taller更高的[tɔ:l] əshorter更矮的[ʃɔ:t] əstronger更强壮的[strɔŋ, strɔ:ŋə] older年龄更大的['əuldə] younger更年轻的['jʌŋə, 'jʌŋɡə] bigger更大的[biɡə]''heavier更重的['lɔŋɡə, 'lɔ:ŋ-] longer更长的['lɔŋɡə, 'lɔ:ŋ-] thinner更瘦的smaller更小的[smɔ:lə] good好的[ɡud]fine好的[fain]great很好的[ɡreit]heavy 重的['hevi]new新的[nju:, nu:]fat胖的[fæt]happy快乐的['hæpi]right对的[rait]hungry饥饿的['hʌŋɡri] cute逗人喜爱的[kju:t]little小的['litl]lovely可爱的['lʌvli] beautiful漂亮的['bju:tiful] colourful色彩鲜艳的['kʌləful] pretty漂亮的['priti]cheap便宜的[tʃi:p] expensive昂贵的[ik'spensiv] juicy多汁的['dʒu:si]tender嫩的['tendə]healthy健康的['helθi]ill有病的[il]helpful有帮助的['helpful] high高的[hai]easy简单的['i:zi]proud骄傲的[praud]sick有病的[sik]better更好的[betə]higher更高的[haiə]二十五、介词（prep.）in在……里[in]on在……上；在……时候[ɔn, ɔ:n, ən, n] under在……下面['ʌndə]near在……的旁边[niə]behind在……后边[bi'haind] next to与……相邻[nekst] over在……上面['əuvə]in front of在……前面[frʌnt]二十六、代词（pron.）I我we我们[wi:弱wi]you你；你们[ju:, 弱ju, jə] he他[hi:, 弱hi, i:, i]she她[ʃi:]it它[it]they他（她，它）们[ðei, 弱ðe] my我的our 我们的['auə, ɑ:]your你的；你们的[jɔ:, jəu, 弱jə] his他的[hiz, 弱iz]her她的[hə:, 弱ə:, hə, ə]二十七、动词（v.）play玩；踢[plei]swim(swam)游泳[swim] skate滑冰[skeit]fly(flew)飞[flai]jump跳[dʒʌmp]walk走[wɔ:k]run(run)跑[rʌn]climb爬[klaim]fight(fought)打架[fait] swing(swung)荡[swiŋ] eat(ate)吃[i:t]''sleep(slept)睡觉[sli:p]like像，喜欢[laik]have(had)有；吃[hæv, 弱həv, əv, v]turn转弯[tə:n]buy(bought)买[bai]take(took)买；带[teik]live居住[liv]teach（taught）教[ti:tʃ]go(went)去[ɡəu]study(studied)学习['stʌdi]learn学习[lə:n]sing(sang)唱歌[siŋ]dance跳舞[dɑ:ns,]row划[rəu]do(did)做[强du:]do homework做作业['həumwə:k]do housework做家务['hauswə:k]watch TV看电视[wɔtʃ, wɔ:tʃ]read(read) books读书[ri:d][buks]cook the meals做饭[kuk] [mi:ls]water the flowers浇花['wɔ:tə, 'wɔ-]['flauəz] sweep(swept) the floor扫地[swi:p] [flɔ:]clean the bedroom打扫卧室[kli:n] ['bedru(:)m] make(made) the bed铺床[meik] [bed]set(set) the table摆饭桌[set] ['teibl]wash the clothes洗衣服[wɔʃ, wɔ:ʃ] [kləuðz]do the dishes洗碗碟use a computer使用计算机[ju:z][kəm'pju:tə]do morning exercises晨练；做广播操['mɔ:niŋ]['eksəsaiz]eat breakfast吃早饭[i:t]['brekfəst]eat dinner吃晚饭[i:t] ['dinə]go to school上学[sku:l]have English class上英语课[klɑ:s, klæs]play sports进行体育运动[plei] [spɔ:ts]get（got）up起床ɡet]climb mountains爬山[klaim]['mauntins]go shopping买东西[ɡəu]['ʃɔpiŋ]play the piano弹钢琴[plei][pi'ænəu, pi'ɑ:-]visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母['vizit] ['ɡrænd,pεərənts]go hiking去远足fly kites放风筝[flai][kaits]make a snowman堆雪人[meik] ['snəumæn] plant trees种树[plɑ:nt, plænt] [tri:s]draw(drew) pictures画画[drɔ:]['piktʃəz]cook dinner做饭[kuk]['dinə]read a book看书[ri:d] [buk]answer the phone接电话['ɑ:nsə, 'æn-] [fəun]listen to music听音乐['lisən] ['mju:zik]]clean the room打扫房间[kli:n][ru:m]write(wrote) a letter写信[rait] ['letə]write an e-mail写电子邮件[rait] [æn][i-meil] drink(drank) water喝水[driŋk] ['wɔ:tə]take pictures照相[teik] ['piktʃəz]watch insects观察昆虫[wɔtʃ, wɔ:tʃ] ['insekts]pick up leaves采摘树叶[pik][ʌp][li:vz]do an experiment做实验[du:][æn][ik'speriment] catch butterflies捉蝴蝶[kætʃ]['bʌtəflaiz]count insects数昆虫[kaunt]['insekts]collect insects收集昆虫[kə'lekt] ['insekts]collect leaves收集树叶[kə'lekt] [li:vz]write a report写报告[rait][ri'pɔ:t]play chess下棋[plei][tʃes]have a picnic举行野餐[hæv]['piknik]get to到达[ɡet][tu:]ride(rode) a bike骑自行车[raid][baik]play the violin拉小提琴[plei][,vaiə'lin]make kites制作风筝[meik] [kaits]collect stamps集邮[kə'lekt][stæmps]meet(met)见面[mi:t]welcome欢迎['welkəm]''thank谢谢[θæŋk] love爱[lʌv]work工作[wə:k]drink(drank)喝[driŋk] taste尝[teist]smell闻[smel]feed(fed)喂养[fi:d] shear剪[ʃiə]milk挤奶[milk]look看[luk]guess猜[ɡes]help帮助[help]pass传递[pɑ:s, pæs] show展示[ʃəu]use使用[ju:z]clean打扫[kli:n]open打开['əupən] close关上[kləuz]put放[put]paint绘画[peint]tell(told)告诉[tel]kick踢[kik]bounce反弹[bauns] ride(rode)骑[raid]stop(stopped)停[stɔp] wait等[weit]find(found)寻找到[faind] drive(drove)驾驶[draiv] fold折[fəuld]send(sent)寄[send]wash洗[wɔʃ, wɔ:ʃ]shine照耀[ʃain]become变成[bi'kʌm]feel(felt)感觉到['fi:l]think(thought)思考[θiŋk]meet(met)遇见[mi:t]fall(fell)落下[fɔ:l]leave(left)离开[li:v]wake(woke) up醒来[weik][ʌp]put on穿上[put][ɔn]take off脱掉[teik][ɔ:f, ɔf]hang up挂起['hæŋ] [ʌp]wear(wore)穿['wεə]go home回家[ɡəu] [həum]go to bed上床睡觉[bed]play computer games玩电脑游戏[plei] [kəm'pju:t ə] ['ɡeimz]play chess下棋[plei][tʃes]empty the trash倒垃圾['empti][træʃ]put away the clothes收拾衣服[put][ə'wei][kləuðz]get off下车[ɡet] [ɔ:f, ɔf]take a trip去旅行[teik][trip]read a magazine阅读杂志[ri:d][,mæɡə'zi:n]go to the cinema去看电影[ɡəu][tu]['sinəmə]go straight向前直走[ɡəu][streit]。
初级中学英语必备词汇资料汇总
\\初中英语必备词汇汇总catch up with 赶上1. put down 放下wake up 弄醒、醒来shut down 把关上send up 发射cut down 砍掉open up 开设、开办come down 下来、落下grow up 长大slow down 减缓、放慢pick up 拾起、捡起sit down 坐下hands up 举手write down 写下eat up 吃光get down 下来 ,降落clean up 打扫干净2. after all 毕竟 .终究give up doing sth.=stop doing sth. 放弃做某事after that 于是 .然后 4. arrive at/in + n. 到达day after day 日复一日地get to +n. 到达one after another 相继 .挨次reach + n. 到达soon after 不久以后arrive / get +adv. 到达the day after tomorrow 后天 5. get back 退还 ,送回去 .取回3. come up with找到、提出give back 归还come back 回来at the age of // when sb. wasyears在 old岁时at the back of 在的后面at last / in the end / finally 最后、终于on the way (back)home 在回家路上at the beginning of the twenty-first century 在 21 世纪初6. at least 至少at the end of 在终点、结尾at breakfast 早餐时at the moment // now现在at desk 在桌前at the foot of 在脚下at once立刻 ,马上at Christmas 在圣诞节at school 在上学at any moment 任何时候at the same time 同时at times(sometimes) 有时 ,偶尔at work 在工作at the doctor 在’s医务室 be bad at不擅长be good at=do well in 擅长7. for example 例如laugh at 嘲笑for ever 永远not at all 一点也不be good for 对有益at first 起初be bad for 对有害at night 在晚上for long=for a long time 长期at noon 中午for short 简称be short for 是的简称be proud of 以自豪TV is short for “television ”speak highly of 称赞8. come true 实现be afraid of 害怕come down 下来hear of 听说 (hear from sb.收到某人的来信 ) come from=be from 来自 ,出生于of course=certainly 当然可以come in/into 进入 ,进来plenty of= a lot of 许多come on 赶快come over 过来[NextPage]come along 走吧 ,过来 ,快点11. by the way 顺便说come and go 来来去去by oneself 单独 ,独自come up 上来by the end of 到为至come out 出来， ( 花)开， (照片 )冲洗出来by the time (引起时间状语从句 )到的时候9. even though=even if 即使、虽然、尽管one by one 依次10. be pleased with 对感到满意by air / plane 乘飞机be covered with 被覆盖by bus / train / car 乘公共汽车 /火车 /轿车be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事catch a bus 赶公交车\\get on / off the bus 上/下车make a telephone call to sb. // ring sb. up // give sb. a call // take a bus to=go to by乘bus车去phone sb给.某人打电话12. do / try one ’s best尽力connect to 把与连接起来do one ’s homework做家庭作业be close to 靠近 (某地 )do (the/some) shopping 购物give birth to 生(孩子 )do the cooking 烹饪lose to sb 输给 sb .do some cleaning 打扫15. either or 或者或者do the / some washing 洗衣服on either side of the street 街道任何一边do sport 做运动on each side of the street 街道每一边do with sb / sth. 处理on both sides of the street 街道两边well done 干得好16. keep doing sth. 不停地做某事 (表示状态继续 )13. early in the morning 一大早keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 (表示动作反复进行 )in the early spring 初春practise doing sth. 练习做某事in my early days 我幼年时期enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事early bus 早班车finish doing sth. 做完某事14. make a contribution to 贡献给、捐献go on doing sth. 继续做某事 (同一件事 )\\17. go on to do sth. 接着做某事 (另一事 ) think out 想出go straight along 沿着一直往前走talk about 谈论go down 下降worry about 担心go for a walk 散步How / What about ?怎么样 ? go over 复习19. borrow from从借go shopping 买东西lend to 把借给go to the cinema 去看电影from door to door 挨家挨户go well 进展顺利from time to time 时时go off to 动身前往from now on 从今以后go out 外出from then on 从那以后go to work 去上班be different from 与不同go up 上升learn from 向学习want a go 想试一试20. get dressed 穿衣18. think about 考虑get into 进入think of 认为、想起、考虑、想到get / be lost 丢失think over仔细考虑get off / on 下 /上车\\get on well with sb. 与某人相处得好look out 小心 ,从里向外看get out of 从出来look the same 看起来一样get ready for +n. 为做准备look up 向上看 ,查单词get ready to do sth. 准备做某事look around 环视get / go to sleep (fall asleep) 入睡look forward to 期望be asleep 睡着look through 温习 ,检查get warm 变暧22. set off 出发、动身get well 康复put off 推迟get a chance 有机会、得到机会keep off 避开、不靠近drop off 放下 (某物) [NextPage] turn off 关21. look for 寻找jump off 跳离wait for 等候take off 脱(衣),(飞机 )起飞look after=take care of 照看23. half a kilo 半千克look like 看起来像half an hour 半小时look over检查,复习in half分成两半\\half of the day 半天carry on 坚持、继续下去24. do eye exercises 做眼保健操and so on 等等do morning exercises 做早操take (more) exercise (多)参加体on the other hand 另一方面育锻炼on foot 步行an exercise book 练习本28. be famous for 以..著名25. take part in 参加be excited about +n./V-ing 对感到兴奋hand in 上交be interested in 对感兴趣in hospital 住院be born 出生in surprise 吃惊地be busy with sth.=be busy doing sth. 忙于in the sun 在阳光下be amazed at 对 ..感到惊讶in trouble 处于困境29. move away 移开in a minute / moment 马上move to (搬)移到26. leave for 动身去某地30. search the Internet 上网27. feed on 以为主食live on继续活着[NextPage]base on 以为根据31. make sure 确信\\make a dialogue 编对话allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事make a mistake 犯错误35. hear sb. to do (doing)sth. 听见某人做某事by mistake 由于疏忽36. help sb. (to) do sth .//help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事make a noise 吵闹with one ’s help在某人的帮助下make faces 做鬼脸with pleasure 乐意make friends (with) 和..交朋友37. the summer holiday(s) 暑假make room for 给..让地方the winter holiday(s) 寒假make tea 沏茶38. step into 走进make money 赚钱pour into 倒入make a decision 作出决定39. in the first 第一32. used to do sth 过去常常做某事for the first time 第一次be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事at first 起初33. leave sth+介词短语“把忘记在某处” a firs t language 母语34. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事first of all 首先encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事40. leave a message for sb. 给某人留条decide to do sth. 决定做某事give / take sb. a message给某人捎口信try out 尝试、试验[NextPage] find out / about 找出 ,查明41. take photos / pictures 照像have a good / wonderful / great / time 玩得开心take away 拿走have a (bad) cold (重)感冒take out 取出have a meeting / walk / watch 开会 /散步 /比赛work out 算出have sports 进行体育活动take care 当心have nothing / sth. to do with 与..无 (有 )关take medicine 服药have no idea 不知道take one ’s temperature量体温have (one ’s) medicine服药take one ’s time别着急45. offer sb sth. 给某人提供某物take a walk 散步46. win first prize 获一等奖take place 发生47. all over the world= around the world =throughout the 42. learn by oneself / teach oneself 自学world 全世界learn by heart 背熟48. all kinds of 各种各样的43. a year and a half (one and a half years ) 一年半49. neithernor既不也不 .44. have a try 尝试 ,努力50. not only but also不但而且both and 57. another two hours (=two more hours ) ( ) 258. three times a week[NextPage] 59. the number of51. the more , the better a (large / good) number of / large numbers of / many52. all one ’s life 60. less than, less and less53. as soon asas soon as possible [NextPage]as well = too 61. is another way of saying ..Quick isas much as another way of saying fast. Bike is short for bicycle.as little as 62. not untilregardas 63. be likeas if feel like +n./V-ing54. no matter like best, would like to55 ever since, 64. the 24 hour clock 2456. so far 65. wash awayor so run away\\take away 带走的来信66. before long 不久long before / ago 很久以前[NextPage]for long =for a long time 长期71. on show = on display 展览no longer = not. .any longer 不再72.be filled with / be full of 充满67. more or less = about 或多或少 ,大约73. thank to =because of 由于more than = over 多于 ,超过74. some day =one day (将来 )某一天68. every year 每年all day 终日every four years 每隔四年day and night 日日夜夜every other day 每隔一天in a day or two 一两天内everyday English / life 日常英语 /生活in the old days 从前 ,旧社会69. next to 紧挨着from day to day (day after day) 日复一日next door 隔壁 ,邻居the day before yesterday 前天next year 明年the day after tomorrow 后天next time 下次Tree Planting Day 植树节70. receive / get / have a letter from sb. = hear from sb收到某人Women’s Day妇女节\\75. keep / stop / prevent(from) doing 防sth止. (阻止 ) 做某by the sea = on the sea在海边事at sea在海上stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事84. set one ’s mind to do sth一.心想做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事85. multiplyby 乘以76. nice and +adj. = very +adj. 很,非常86. See you! 再见77. a place (places) of interest 名胜You see. 你知道 ,你明白 ,你瞧78. three quarters of the information on the Internet 因特网上四Let me see. 让我想想分之三的信息see sb. off 给某人送行two thirds of the books 三分之二的书see a / the doctor 看病79. credit card 信用卡see sb . do / doing sth. 看见某人做某事80. the increasing population 增长着的人口87. some others 一些 (人,物) 其他 (人,物)one another 一个 ..另一个 (三者或以上 ) [NextPage] one the other 一个另一个 (总数二个 )81. a path of travel 旅行路线88. be worn out 穿旧，磨坏82. point at / to 指向check out 核实，检查83. by sea = by ship 乘船write out写出\\take sth. out of 从拿出 /取出某物你的一封信 .)89. in this way 用这种方法93. be far behind +某人 (He is far behind others. 他落后于别in a few year ’s time几年以后人)in space 在太空94. one of + adj. 最高级 +复数名词in and out of class 在课内课外95. take +某物 +with + 某人 (You’d better take an umbrella with in the last fifteen minutes 在最后十五分钟里you. 你最好带上雨伞 )in the second half 在下半场96. prefer to= likebetter than宁愿 ,更喜欢later in one ’s 在life某人后半身prefer + V-ing (to do sth.) ( I prefer doing (to do) it myself . 我喜欢in the air 在空中自己做那件事 ).in the open air 在户外Would / should 等情态动词 + prefer +不定式 . (I would prefer to90. give sb. an injection 给某人打针 , get an injection 打针我宁愿自己做那件事do it myself.)prefer +名词 (v-ing) + to+ 名词 (v-ing) (I prefer learning English to [NextPage] playing football. 我愿意学英语而不愿踢足球 )91. have been to 去过某地prefer +不定式 (名词 )+ rather than + 不带 to 的不定式 , (I prefer to have gone to 到某地去了我喜欢走着去那里walk there rather than go by bus.,92. here + be+ 名词 + for+某人( Here is a letter for you. 这儿有而不愿乘车)\\prefer + 名词 (代词 ) to do sth. (We prefer her not to come我.们宁99.mind + if 从句 , (Do you mind if I open the window? 我开窗你愿她不来 )不反对吧?)97.人+ spend +time (money) +(in) doing sth. (I spent over two mind + V-ing, (Would you mind turning on the TV? 打开电视你不hours (in) finishing my homework. 我花了两个多小时完成家庭反对吧?)作业 .)100. what for? / why? (What do you learn English for? = Why 人 + spend + time (money) + on +名词 , (He spent 1,000 on the TV do you learn English?)set .他花了一千元买电视机 )人 + pay + money +for +sth. ( He paid ten yuan for the book 他.花[NextPage]了 10 元钱买那本书 .)101. need + 名词 (v-ing), (The students need some help学.生们It + takes (will take, / took) + sb. + time (money) + to do sth.需(It要帮助 .This’pairll of shoes needs mending这.双鞋需要修理 )take you only ten minutes to get there by102. “be used for+名词 (v- ing), 被”用来做 .. (A writing brush is bus.乘车去那里只花你10 分钟 )used for writing.)物 + cost + (sb.) + money, (The dictionary cost me 20 yuan我.花 20“be used as+名词”,被作为使用(English is used as the first元钱买了那本词典 )language in none of these countries. )98. do with + sb. / sth. (What have you done with the pork ? 那些“be used by+动作执行者”,被使用,肉你怎么处理了 ?)103. be made of 由制造 (This table is made of wood .这张课桌\\是木制的 ) the Great Green Wall 绿色长城be made from 由制成 (This kind of paper is made from wood . PLA 中国人民解放军这种纸是用木材制成的 ) PRC 中华人民共和国be made in+地点 , “某地制造”(These cars are made in Germany) be the Party 中国共产党made by+人, 由“谁制造的” (This kite is made by the League 共青团Kate . ) Peking Opera 京剧104. more developed countries发达国家 , less developed countries 107. a digital camera 数字照相机不发达国家 , developing countries发展中国家 a doctor for animals = an animal doctor 动物医生105. be worth + money (V-ing),值钱 .值得做 This car is worth 108. so + 形 /副+that 从句 (The place is so cold that nothing can more than two million yuan in China. This book is well grow in winter . 这地方太冷，冬天什么都不长 ) worth reading.这本书很值得一读 . so + many / few+ 复数名词 +that 从句 (He has so many books 106. the Summer Palace 颐和园that I don ’ t know which one rrowtobo. 他有那么多书 ,我不Tian ’anmen Square天安门广场知道借哪一本 )the Palace Museum 故宫so + much / little+ 不可数名词 +that 从句 (She has so little money the Great Hall of the People 人民大会堂that she can ’ t buy anything她钱太.少 ,什么也买不the Temple of Heaven 天坛到.)\\ so+ 形容词 +a / an +单数名词+that 从句 (This is so good abook that all of us like reading it )such +a / an+ 形容词 +单数名词 + that 从句 (This is such an interesting story that all of us like it)such +形容词 +复数名词 +that 从句 . such +形容词 +不可数名词+that 从句 (It is such fine weather today that many childrenare playing outside)109. tell sb about sth.告诉某人关于某事, tell sb+从句 , tell sb. to do sth.让某人做某事tell a lie 说谎 , tell a story 讲故事 , thank you for +n ./V-ing 谢谢你 too + adj. / adv. + to + v.太而不能 , toomuch(修饰名词 )太多 ,过分 , much too(修饰 adj./adv.)太110.hope / wish+不定式 (或从句 ), wish sb. to do sth. What doyou mean by?= What does mean?是什么意思？。
初级中学英语重要资料库词汇资料专项知识学习进步(资料汇编)
新目标初中英语重点词汇专项练习说明：本练习以初中英语新目标八年级下词汇表中的重点单词为基础，通过专项的练习，加深大家对它们的印象，了解它们是如何在具体的语言中运用的。
A一、写出这些单词的汉语意义。
1. able __________2. accident _________3. against ____________4. allow_________5. alone __________6. already ___________7. amazing __________8. anyone _________9. anywhere ________ 10. area ____________ 11. argue _____________ 12. Asian __________13. asleep __________ 14. Australian ___________ 15. autumn _________16. awake ___________二、按要求写出下列词汇的变化形式1、accident (复数)____________ 2. area (复数)________3. allow(第三人称单数形式)_________ 、（现在分词）________、（过去式）_________ 、（过去分词）________4. argue(第三人称单数形式)_________ 、（现在分词）________、（过去式）_________ 、（过去分词）________n (名词形式)________6. awake (动词形式)_________7. asleep（动词形式）_______ 8. Australian(名词形式)____________三、根据句意，用所给词汇的正确形式填空。
1.Tom was _______ (able) to ride a bike when he was five years old.2. There were many traffic _________ (accident) on the road because of heavy snow.3. They will play _______ (against ) a football team from No. 2 Middle School next Friday .4. You are never __________ (allow) to throw litter anywhere in the city.5. ----I have _______ (already) finished my homework. Have you finished yours ?----No, not ______ (already).6. While the alien was in the museum, I called the TV station. Isn’t that ______ (amaze)!7. ---Is there _______ (someone) over there now , Tom ?----No. No one is there.8. ---Have you ever been to ________ (somewhere) interesting before ?---No.9. Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in China’s rural _______(area).10.Yesterday, Tom ________ (argue) with his best friend, Mike in the classroom.11. China is an ________ (Asia) country and it lies in the east of ________(Asian).12. He doesn’t often ________ (asleep) well in the night. But last night he fell _______ (sleep) early.13. An __________ (Australia) comes from ___________ (Australia).14. It’s better to see lions and foxes during the daytime because they’ll probably be ________ (wake).四、根据短文意思及首字母（或汉语意义），写出合乎句意的单词。
七八年级推荐的复习资料
七八年级推荐的复习资料七八年级是中学阶段学习的关键时期，学生在这个阶段需要扎实的基础知识和丰富的应用技能来应对日益增加的难度和专业性课程内容。
因此，在这个阶段，学生需要寻找一些高质量的复习资料来提高自己的学习效率和水平。
一、语文复习资料《中学语文辅导读本》是一本针对中学生的语文辅导资料，以语文基础知识的学习和应用为核心，涵盖了多种类型的语文题型。
这本书的重要性在于通过提供详细的解题思路和答案分析，帮助学生深入理解语文知识和技巧，提高自己的语言表达能力。
二、数学复习资料《中学数学辅导读本》是一本针对中学生数学学习的辅导读本，涵盖了初中阶段代数、几何、数论等核心知识点和难度较大的题型。
该书的特点在于它既包含了简单的入门习题，又包含了难度比较大的高难度问题，并配备了详细的解题分析和思路指导，让学生能够更加深刻地理解数学知识和应用技巧。
三、英语复习资料《中学英语考试攻略》是一本针对中学生英语学习的辅导资料，通过讲解英语知识点和语法规则，配合大量的文章和习题，帮助学生在听、说、读、写、译等方面全面提高自己的英语水平。
同时，它还提供了考试技巧和策略，帮助学生提高英语考试的成绩。
四、物理复习资料《中学物理习题精选》是一本针对中学物理学生的辅导读本，它不仅覆盖了物理基础知识、公式公式、实验等多种类型的问题，还针对重点、难点问题提供了详细的解题思路和分析，帮助学生在物理学科中打牢基础、提高应用能力。
五、化学复习资料《中学化学习题集》是一本针对中学化学学生的必备辅导读本，涵盖了化学知识点的多个领域，习题难度的设置和语言的表达都非常规范，再加上复杂的化学反应及实验验证大大提升了学生的记忆和理解能力，更好地整合了化学的知识内容。
六、生物复习资料《中学生物习题集》是一本针对中学生物学生的必备辅导读本，结合国家教育教育规划和生物学的趋势，全面整合、深入讲解了各个知识点，同时解剖、实验、观察等更加系统的实践运用生物的知识。
总之，七八年级的学习生活需要学生不断地努力和学习，同时，适当选择优质、高质量的复习资料也是学生提高自己学习水平的重要方法和手段。
初级中学英语学习知识资料归纳分析情况总结全套汇编
初中英语知识归纳总结大全第一课时名词一、概述1、名词的属性：表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。
2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。
普通名词是表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。
如：teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等，专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。
（运用）如：China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。
（专有名词的第一个字母要大写）二、可数名词与不可数名词1、可数名词是指表示人或事物，可以用数来计量的名词，有单复数之分。
如：glass-----glasses; book---- books2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
如：paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。
3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。
Light travels faster than sound; (light：光线，不可数)The lights are on.(light：灯，可数)4、不可数名词的量的表示不可数名词一般无法用数来计算，前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量，它的量往往借助于容器来表示。
如：a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milka piece of paper------two pieces of papera bag of rice------three bags of rice三、可数名词的复数形式（识记、运用）1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分，单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化情况变化形式例词一般情况加-s girls; books;以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-esclasses; boxes;watches;brushes以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变y为i, 加es city---cities; baby---babies以f或fe结尾的名词变f,fe为v, 加esknife---knives;leaf---leaves以O结尾的名词potatoes; tomatoes；photos; kilos; bamboos; radios2、少数名词有不规则的变化形式policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women;tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer;Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish四、名词所有格（运用）名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式，它也有构成上的变化。
初二英语知识点
初二英语知识点一、引言初二英语学习是中学阶段英语教育的关键时期，这一阶段的学习不仅要求学生巩固和扩展初一所学的知识，还要求他们开始接触更复杂的语法结构、词汇量以及听说读写的综合运用。
以下是初二英语的核心知识点概览。
二、词汇学习1. 词汇量的扩展：通过阅读、听力练习和记忆，学生应掌握至少1000个基础词汇。
2. 词性学习：名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、冠词和代词的用法。
3. 短语搭配：学习并掌握常用的动词短语、名词短语和形容词短语。
三、语法知识1. 时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、现在完成时。
2. 语态：被动语态的使用及其构成。
3. 非谓语动词：动名词、分词（现在分词和过去分词）的用法。
4. 情态动词：can, could, may, might, must, should, ought to等的用法。
5. 句子结构：简单句、并列句和复合句（包括定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句、主语从句和表语从句）。
6. 特殊句式：倒装句、省略句、强调句。
四、听力技能1. 听力理解：通过听英语故事、对话、新闻等提高理解能力。
2. 听力策略：学会预测、归纳、推理和捕捉关键信息。
3. 听力题型：熟悉并掌握选择题、填空题、判断题等常见听力题型。
五、口语表达1. 日常交流：问候、介绍、购物、旅游等日常情景对话。
2. 表达观点：能够就某一话题发表个人意见和看法。
3. 情景模拟：参与角色扮演和情景对话练习。
六、阅读理解1. 阅读技巧：快速阅读、精读、扫读和略读。
2. 题型应对：选择题、判断题、填空题、简答题等。
3. 文章类型：故事、科普、新闻报道、广告、说明文等。
七、写作技巧1. 文章结构：开头、主体和结尾的写作方法。
2. 写作类型：记叙文、议论文、描写文、应用文（如书信、日记、通知等）。
3. 语言运用：使用恰当的词汇、短语和句型，注意语法正确性。
八、学习策略1. 制定计划：设定学习目标和计划，合理安排学习时间。
初级中学英语记录材料资料(精华版)
初中英语笔记大全（精华版）● This is the key to the door .这是开门的钥匙。
● ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧电话号码电话号码at .sth .sb call call sb. = phone sb. = ring sb. upplease give me a call .请打电话给我● family 指家庭时是单数，谓语动词用“is ”，family 指家人时是复数，谓语动词用“are ”。
● of 表示无生命物体的所有格，s 表示有生命物体的所有格。
有生命物体的所有格也可以用of ，但有生命物体后要加“s ”。
● 以副词there 或here 开头的句子常要倒装，以示强调。
● What’s your name, please? = Could you tell me your name, please? = May I have your name, please?● Nice to meet you. = Glad to meet you. = Pleased to meet you.● 写启示的方法：1.启示的主题；2.描述细节；3.留下联系方式。
● 表示惊讶、忧伤、微怒、失望等，可以用dear 作感叹词。
● 名词如果有数量词修饰它，使用谓语动词适应看他的数量词，如：⎩⎨⎧ keys of sets two are here keysof set a is here● get to somewhere (get home 除外)到达……● ⎩⎨⎧)无生命物体的“有”(is there )有生命物体的“有”( have 有 ● 肯定：Let+宾语（人称代词的宾格或名词）+ V 原型+……否定：Don’t let +宾语+V 原型+……/Let + 宾语 + not + V 原型+……● have 表示“有”时才可以用来提问或写成否定“haven’t”。
● ⎩⎨⎧⋯⋯⋯⋯？ you will 问： )听话的人include 不(us Let ？ we shall 问： )说话的人和听话的人(include s Let' ●● myself （我自己） yourself （你自己） himself （他自己） herself （她自己） itself （它自己） ourselves （我们自己） yourselves （你们自己） themselves （他们自己） ● How much + be + 商品？（答：It’s/They’re……） = What is the price of ……？（答：It ’s……）●cent 美分 One dollar =100 cents●other(两者中的另一个) another（三者中的另一个）●越接近物品本身性质的形容词越靠近物品，如：big blue hat●帮助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth.help sb. with sth.with the help (n.) of sb. e.g. He studies math well, with the help of teacher.●一般将来时的一般形式：主语+will+动词原形+……●Can I help you? = What can I do for you? = (Is there) anything I can do for you? ●●●“hundred，thousand”与基数词一起表示具体数字时不加“s”。
高一级英语复习资料
高一级英语复习资料高中英语是中学学习生涯中非常重要的一门学科之一。
很多同学在学习英语时感觉有些吃力，甚至认为英语是一门难以理解、难以驾驭的语言。
为了帮助高一同学们更好地复习英语，本文将提供一些复习资料，以帮助同学们加深对英语知识的理解和应用。
一、语法知识点高一英语的语法知识点很多，比如时态，语态，倒装句，虚拟语气等。
这些知识点在英语学习中非常重要，因为语法是构建语言意义的基础。
在复习这些语法知识点时，同学们可以阅读一些英语语法的书籍、文章或者在网上查找相关的英语语法知识点。
同时，同学们也可以通过做语法练习题来提升自己的语法水平。
在这个过程中，同学们应该多加注意自己在语法方面的错误，并尝试矫正自己的语法用法。
二、听力技巧英语听力是英语学习的重要组成部分之一，而英语听力技巧就是听力实现的重要手段。
在复习时，同学们可以尝试模拟各种英语听力测试，比如TOEFL、雅思或者托福考试。
在这些测试中，同学们可以通过反复听听力考试的模拟题目，学习掌握听力技巧。
同学们在参加考试时，应该尽可能地集中注意力，并逐渐提高自己的听力技巧。
三、阅读技巧阅读是英语学习中非常重要的部分。
高一英语的复习中，同学们应该重点复习阅读技巧。
阅读技巧包括阅读速度、阅读理解、主旨把握等。
同学们可以通过阅读英语报纸、杂志、小说等读物，逐步提高自己的阅读速度和阅读理解能力，同时，同学们应该尽可能地积累英语词汇，以便更好地理解阅读材料。
四、写作英语写作是英语学习的重要组成部分之一。
高一英语的复习中，同学们应该重点复习写作技巧。
写作技巧包括语言表达、词汇使用、句子结构等。
同学们可以通过写英语作文来提升自己的写作技巧。
在写作的过程中，同学们应该注重语言精准度和表达清晰度，在使用词汇时应该根据上下文合理使用词汇，同时注意句子结构的正确使用。
在学习英语的过程中，同学们应该积极参与英语学习，多做练习题和模拟考试，不断提高自己的学习效率和成绩。
同时，同学们也应该尽可能地利用各种复习资源，比如英语课程视频、电子图书、音频资料等，以便更好地掌握复习英语的知识点。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
中学英语学习资料第一篇：初中英语学习必掌握的八种时态！一.一般现在时概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语：always, usually, often,sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词;②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are + not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
二.一般过去时概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the daybefore yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：①be动词;②行为动词否定形式：①was/were + not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三.现在进行时概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, thesedays, etc.基本结构：am/is/are + doing否定形式：am/is/are + not + doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
四.过去进行时概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this timeyesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were + doing否定形式：was/were + not +doing.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
五.现在完成时概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately,since…for…,in the past fewyears, etc.基本结构：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +done.一般疑问句：have或has。
六.过去完成时概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
时间状语：before, by the end oflast year(term, month…),etc.基本结构：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑问句：had放于句首。
七.一般将来时概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week,month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本结构：①am/is/are/going to +do;②will/shall + do.否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。
八.过去将来时概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语：the next day(morning,year…),the following month(week…),etc.基本结构：①was/were/going to +do;②would/should + do.否定形式：①was/were/not + goingto + do;②would/should + not + do.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首;②would/should提到句首。
有趣的英语课外小知识：厌烦了课本上枯燥的英语单词语法，不如来见识一下英语有趣的一面。
1. WAS IT A CAR OR A CAT I SAW.. 'WASITACARORACATISAW'.. This is the only English sentence which even if we read in reverse, it'll give the same sentence. “WAS IT A CAR OR A CAT I SAW”(我看到的是一辆车还是一只猫)这是英语中唯一一句反过来念还是一样的句子。
2. Aoccdrnig to a rscheearch procejt at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosnt mttaer waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter.剑桥大学的研究表明：单词中字母的顺序如何不重要，重要的是第一个和最后一个字母的位置。
这是因为大脑在阅读时不会读到所有字母。
3. "Goodbye" came from "God bye" which came from "God be with you."英语单词“Goodbye”来自于“God bye”，原意是“上帝与你同在”。
4. The sentence "The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog." uses every letter of the alphabet!“The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog.”（这只敏捷的棕色狐狸跳过了一只懒狗）这句话用到了字母表中的所有字母！5. 'Go', is the shortest complete sentence in the English language.“Go”是英语中最短的完整句子。
6. The onion is named after the Latin word 'unio' meaning large pearl.单词“onion”(洋葱)来自于拉丁词“unio”，意思是大珍珠。
7. The phrase 'rule of thumb' is derived from and old English law which stated that you couldn't beat your wife with anything wider than your thumb.词组“rule of thumb”(经验法则)，是从一条古老的英国法律中来的，即：不能用超过大拇指粗细的东西打老婆。
8. The word Tips is actually an acronym standing for 'To Insure Prompt Service'.单词“tips”(小费)实际上是“To Insure Prompt Service”(保障快捷的服务)的首字母缩写！9. The longest word in the English language is pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconioses!英语中最长的单词是“pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconioses”（硅酸盐沉着病）！10. More people in China speak English than in the United States.会说英语的中国人比会说英语的美国人还多。
11. The word "listen" contains the same letters as "silent."单词“listen”(听)和“silent”(安静的)用到了一样的字母。
12. Hoover vacuum cleaners were so popular in the UK that many people now refer to vacuuming as hoovering.胡佛真空吸尘器在英国曾经非常流行，到现在很多人还把“vacuuming”(吸尘)说成“hoovering”(胡佛ing…).13. Ernest Vincent Wright wrote a novel, "Gadsby", which contains over 50,000 words -- none of them with the letter E!作家厄尔尼斯特·文森特·莱特曾经写过一篇5万字的小说《葛士比》，里面没有一个字母“E”!14. Stressed is Desserts spelled backwards.“Stressed”(压力)倒过来拼就是“Desserts”(点心)。
15. The most used letter in the English alphabet is 'E', and 'Q' is the least used!英语中使用最多的字母是“E”，用得最少的是“Q”。