The Sampler

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产品说明书样本(英文版)

The first summarizeToday,internal sample of liquid dielectric in the oiltank is performed by ISO3170(GB/T4756-1998)?Petrol liquid product handicraft sample law?.It is impossibly to control accurately sample ually the sample will not be exact.Performing personnels will feel tired as usual because of hardwork.When rain or snow,climb oiltank that is a very dangerous job.When getting a sample at top of oiltank,easily volatile and noxious dielectric will injure someones，at one time，it will not be in favour of environment and the medium of oiltank will be polluted by other things from environment.For solving these problem, we have developed 〞The auto control getting sample from oiltank〞that according to ?ISO3170(GB/T4756-1998 criterion?,it has achieved that liquid sample at different level of oiltank will be sampled. The machine operation is very simply、very accurate、excellently repeated,it’s structure is simple and it will be install very easily. It will not pollute the environment too. The sample machine has been awarded nationalpatent and the second prize of the sino petrol & chemical industry automation vocation 2021 year. The auto control getting sample from oiltank , it’s structure is sample, it will be install very easily、it’s operation i s very simply、very accurate and it will not pollute the environment. At present, it’s technology has been take the lead in the like product.We have gotten by the auto control getting sample from oiltank the patents and the credits that are:( 1 ) The liquid sample devicment from oiltank, the number of parent is . ( 2 ) The liquid sample from oiltank Multilayer frame means expansion of type of zero gravity, the number of parent is( 3 )The sample devicment of Multi-dimensional sampling valve, the number of parent is( 4 )The multichannel two globe valves, the number of parent is( 5 ) The nationalpatent and the second prize of the sino petrol & chemical industry automation vocation 2021 yearPatentee’s declaration:About the patents of oil tank sampler:( 1 ) The liquid sample devicment from oiltank, the number of parent is . ( 2 ) The liquid sample from oiltank Multilayer frame means expansion of type of zero gravity, the number of parent is( 3 )The sample devicment of Multi-dimensional sampling valve, the number of parent is( 4 )The multichannel two globe valves, the number of parent isThe 4 items’s using right has been awarded to Lan zhou GuKe chemical plant & apparatus Co.,Ltd by patentee for manufacture and sale. If others will manufacture and sell them ,they will break the law, the patentee will inquire their responsibility of law and call for economics compensation.The patentee’s signature:The designsketch in fact:The second sampler technology parameter:item parameterCarried standard ISO3170 GB/T 4756-1998?The petroleum liquid handicraft sample method?Usual sample dot distribution setting Upper sample、middles ample、lower sample、upper middles lowe’s 1:1:1uniform combination sample and bottoms ample、exits samples、upper sample〔reference〕Multilayer framemeans expansionsample allowablehightReaching to the bottom of oiltank is 600-25000mmApplicable medium Gas、kerosene、diesel、solvent oil、naphtha、petroleum aromatics、paraffindestillat、residual oil、heavy oil、crude oil、bitumen and so onSample hight locationerror±20mmOiltank connecting spool installional location Reach to the bottom of oiltank is 500-800mm〔convenient hight for sample operation〕Handpump GearpumpSpeed increasing ratio 3:1FlowDeliverylift 50mDisplacement pumpSpeed increasing ratio 1:1FlowDeliverylift 85mPneumatic pump GearpumpCompressed air pressureCompressed air maxlossm3/minSpeed reducingratio30:1Pneumatic motor torque 55N-mPneumatic pump 32mThe third type of sampleThe fourth applicable rangeThe self-tuning oil tank sampler is applicable to liquid medium of oiltank in the petroleum and chemical industry and so on.(for example:gas、kerosene、diesel、white oil、naphtha、crude oil、all kinds of residuum、slops、asphalt、petroleum aromatics、various solvent、thick vitriol、organic acid、lye、beer and so on)’s upper sample、middles ample、lower sample、upper middles lowe’s 1:1:1 uniform combination sample and bottoms ample、exits samples、upper sample and so on.Setting sample at the especial location by users’s require.Can setting 9 point for maxize.The fiveth The self-tuning oil tank sampler’s characteristic and virtue 1.Accurate sample locationThe sampler uses the patent technology〞The liquid sample from oiltank Multilayer frame means expansion of type of zero gravity, the number of parent is 〞.We establish the database of multilayer frame means expansion manufacture parameter by more and more test. We can assure that our multilayer frame means expansion can conquer connatural weak point that can not go up and down in ratio of equality by others. Assure every sample connection that been set in multilayer frame means expansion can automatically go up and down in ratio of equality with liquid level, to let it to truely get upper sample、middles ample、lower sample、upper middles lowe’s 1:1:1 uniform combination sample. If multilayer frame means expansion can go up and down in ratio of equality that will decide every connection’s definition of sample.For the drawing-1:the drawing-12. Independence ofsample mediumThe sampler uses thepatent technology〞Thesample devicment of Multi-dimensional sampling valve, the number of parent is 〞that is independent shunting plant of multilayer sample in the valve. It can take sample of every location independently shunt to lofting valve and can mix upper sample、middles ample、lower sample by the rate of 1:1:1 and take it to lofting valve, sample personnel can get every independent sample and 1:1:1 uniform combination sample from lofting valve exit.3、Security and reliabilityA) The self-tuning oil tank sampler uses the patent technology〞The multichannel two globe valves, the number of parent is 〞that can fast cut off the communication of guitar pipe and pipe of outside, make sure that medium of oiltank will not leak out.The globe valves’s button run reliably and accurately, it’s operation is simple and convenientB) The sampler only need be operated on the ground, and operationer need not climb to the top of oiltank to sample. Eliminate the danger of climbing in the rain or snow. Eliminate the danger when getting a sample at top of oiltank,easily volatile and noxious dielectric will injuresomeones. Take humanized and reliable environmental sample come true.4.Reasonable structure and simple operationThe sampler uses the patent technology〞The sample devicment of Multi-dimensional sampling valve, the number of parent is 〞that take multilayer sample oil pipes scientifically and possibly combine into one of circular operation hand-actuated wheel. Operate the rated hand-actuated wheel to choice sample point. Take complex operation process to simple action.For drawing-2Drawing-25.Hes-cling structure and little leaking pointScience and reasonable The self-tuning oil tank sampler structure, Can the DuoGe sampling output line and a circulation return pipe road high oil chips in cluster. Make DuoGe independent sample line compact from a took over, the output to tank through within the operation of the DuoWei sampling valve ,This compact structure tell the DuoGe lofting, thus greatly reducing valve sealing the number of points. In normal conditions using zero leakage .For drawing-3For drawing-36.Sample pipe road has reverse wash function:The self-tuning oil tank sampler take SKC-HF structure circulating pump But through the cycle of the pump valve or reverse rotation oil change realize tank Sample pipe road, reverse through media Thus will CaiYangGuan way or tank sampling injector mesh on the plugging of dirt reverse wash to tanks, at any time to sampling the pipeline the cleaning7.Replacement old way of the operation is simple:The self-tuning oil tank sampler used specially developed for sampling convenient and special two tee lofting valve, Made with a conversion between lofting cycle is very simple, just press the valve for the arrows spin an Angle start after circulating pump can.8.Convenient installation:The sampler can be set up special steam heating device, oil tank external sampler components have straight heat conduction heat tracing of. For drawing-4 Use electric heating, in the valve body sampler exclusively electric tracing band through the heating channel, the heating effect ideal. A heating device can be used for the sampler asphalt, and so easy as the medium tank.For drawing-49. Meet of the medium to samplingThe sampler can be set up special steam heating device, oil tank external sampler omponents have straight heat conduction heat tracing of. Use electric heating, in the valve body sampler exclusively electric tracing band through the heating channel, the heating effect ideal. A heating device can be used for the sampler asphalt, and so easy as the medium tank.The sixth．T he self-tuning the composition of the oil tank samplerThe self-tuning oil tank sampler The composition of the oil tank sampler as shown in figure 5 shows1, extendable frame; 2, float group; 3, circulating pump 【manual pump, pneumatic pump 】; 4, sampling combination tube; 5, sampling distribution device; 6, the integrated oil, a choice of the directional control valve, valve, sample combination distribution on a stop valve, no drop leak lofting valve combination together; 7, operation box; 8, adjustable bearing; under the plane 9, small tube resistance metal hoseFor drawing-5The seventh．working principleThe self-tuning oil tank sampler is through the float group in the expansion set drive tank with oil level within the truss and sample, the upper or lower, middle kind, samples and top samples (optional) sampling mouth all fixed in telescopic rack, telescopic frame in liquid is according to the proportion of sampling, ensure that came out of the position accuracy. The sampling location is determined according to the ISO3170 (GB/T4755 1998) "oil liquid product manual sampling method" regulation of sampling location of the design. For drawing-6 showsFor drawing-6Different sample position of the pipeline is independent sample through sampling combination tube transfer to oil chips, again through the DuoWei reversing valve handwheel control of their respective independent leads to the valve, again by lofting lofting valve control lofting or cycle will turn to cycle the valve, start lofting circulation pump can turn number after the part of the old way of pipeline to the bottom of the tank replacement cycle; And then the valve position to rotate lofting lofting, can get the export of lofting valve in the tank is a position of the sample. Repeat the above。

大学英语精读第三课Unit 7 the sampler

good

intentions alone are not enough when his attempt to be kind to an old man leaves them both feeling worse than before.
good
intentions alone are not enough
造句

他企图追上那匹马 she has intention of catching up with the horse 我没有欺骗你的意思 I have no intention of cheating you 玛丽企图复印这本书 Mary has intention of copying the book 他们没想要离开房间 they have no intention of leaving the room
to
流行音乐适合每一个年轻人。
Popular
music is to every young people's taste. 摇滚乐不适合我。 Rock is not to my taste. 这种人不适合我。 This kind of people is not to my taste.
Here
you may select the one which is most to your taste, and you are even allowed to sample them before coming to a decision. 在这里你可以挑选最符合你口味的布丁，甚至商店还允许你把各色布丁品尝一番，然后在作出决定。 one’s taste 符合某人的口味 allow sb. to do sth. 容许某人去做某事

Unit 7 The Sampler课文翻译大学英语一

Unit 7 The SamplerThe author finds out that good intentions alone are not enough when his attempt to be kind to an old man leaves them both feeling worse than before.In a certain store where they sell puddings, a number of these delicious things are laid out in a row during the Christmas season. Here you may select the one which is most to your taste, and you are even allowed to sample them before coming to a decision.I have often wondered whether some people, who had no intention of making a purchase, would take advantage of this privilege. One day I asked this question of the shop girl, and I learned it was indeed the case."Now there's one old gentleman, for instance," she told me, "he comes here almost every week and samples each one of the puddings, though he never buys anything, and I suspect he never will. I remember him from last year before that, too. Well, let him come if he wants it, and welcome to it. And what's more, I hope there are a lot more stores where he can go and get his share. He looks as if he needed it all right, and I suppose they can afford it."She was still speaking when an elderly gentleman limped up to the counter and began looking closely at the row of puddings with great interest."Why, that's the very gentleman I've been telling you about," whispered the shop girl." Just watch him now." And then turning to him:" Would you like to sample them, sir? Here's spoon for you to use."The elderly gentleman, who was poorly but neatly dressed, accepted the spoon and began eagerly to sample one after another of the puddings, only braking off occasionally to wipe his red eyes with a large torn handkerchief."This is quite good.""This is not bad either, but a little too heavy."All the time it was quite evident that he sincerely believed that he might eventually buy one of these puddings, and I am positive that he did not for a moment feel that he was in any way cheating the store. Poor old chap! Probably he had come down in the world and this sampling was all that was left him from the time when he could afford to come and select his favorite pudding.Amidst the crowd of happy, prosperous looking Christmas shoppers, the little black figure of the old man seemed pitiful and out of place, and in a burst of benevolence, I went up to him and said:"Pardon me, sir, will you do me a favor? Let me purchase you one of these puddings. It would give me such pleasure."He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face."Excuse me," he said, with more dignity than I would have thought possible considering his appearance, "I do not believe I have the pleasure of knowing you. Undoubtedly you have mistaken me for someone else." And with a quick decision he turned to the shop girl and said in a loud voice, "Kindly pack me up this one here. I will take it with me." He pointed at one of the largest and most expensive of the puddings.The girl took down the pudding from its stand and started to make a parcel of it, while he pulled out a worn little black pocketbook and began counting out shillings and pennies on to the counter. To save his "honour" he had been forced into a purchase which he could not possibly afford. How I longed for the power to unsay my tactless words! It was too late though, and I felt that the kindest thing I could do now would be walk away."You pay at the desk," the shop girl was telling him, but he did not seem to understand and kept trying to put the coins into her hand. And that was the last I saw or the old man. Now he can never go there to sample pudding any more.作者想对一位老人表示一番好意，结果却使两个人都很难堪，这时他才认识到，光有善良的意愿是不够的。

Unit 7 The Sampler课文翻译大学英语一

职业卫生检测中的样品采集和采样规范

职业卫生检测中的样品采集和采样规范本文讲述了职业卫生评价与检测中样品的采集和采样规范，主要内容有工作场所有毒物质在空气中的存在状态和采样方法，作业场所空气采样仪器的技术规范，工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范，工作场所空气样品采集过程的质量控制，工作场所有毒物质在空气中的存在状态和采样方法。

重要性：各种毒物由于其物理和化学性质不同，以及职业活动条件的不同，在工作场所空气中的存在状态是不一样的，有的以气体或蒸气状态存在，有的以液体或固体颗粒状态(气溶胶状态)分散于空气中。

空气中毒物的存在状态决定着采用何种采样方法，使用正确的采用方法才能得到高的采样效率。

一、有毒物质在空气中的存在状态在常温常压下，物质以气体、液体和固体三种形态存在。

各种毒物由于其物理和化学性质不同，以及职业活动条件的不同，在工作场所空气中的存在状态是不一样的，有的以气体或蒸气状态存在，有的以液体或固体颗粒状态(气溶胶状态)分散于空气中。

(一)气体和蒸气状态 1.特点：空气中的气态和蒸气态的毒物都是以分子状态存在，能迅速扩散，其扩散情况与它们的比重和扩散系数有关，比重小者(如甲烷等)向上飘浮，比重大者(如汞蒸气)，就向下沉降;扩散系数大的，能迅速分散于空气中;气温及气流也影响毒物分子的扩散。

以气态或蒸汽态存在于空气中的毒物，基本上不受重力的影响，分子状态的毒物能随气流以相等速度流动。

在采样时，能随空气进入收集器，不受采样流量大小的影响;在收集器内，能迅速扩散入收集剂中被采集(吸收或吸附)。

2.气体和蒸气状态的毒物采样方法：直接采样法(容器采样法)注射器采气袋有泵型采样法液体吸收法(大型气泡吸收管、小型气泡吸收管、多孔玻板吸收管和冲击式吸收管)固体吸附剂管法扩散吸收法无泵型采样法直接采样法(容器采样法)注射器采气袋大部分已经被淘汰有泵型采样法----液体吸收法吸收管吸收液用量采样流量适用范围ml L / min大型气泡吸收管 5～10 0.5～2.0 气态和蒸汽态小型气泡吸收管 2 0.1～1.0 气态和蒸汽态多孔玻板吸收管 5～10 0.1～1.0 气态和蒸汽态雾态气溶胶冲击式吸收管 5～10 0.5～2.0 气态和蒸汽态3.0 气溶胶态有泵型采样法----固体吸附剂管法固体吸附剂管适用范围优缺点活性炭管非极性和弱极性化合物吸附容量大、水的影响小硅胶管极性和弱极性化合物吸附容量较小、水的影响较大分子筛管非极性气体、蒸汽吸附容量较大、水的影响较小高分子极性和弱极性化合物吸附容量大、水的影响小多孔微球管无泵性采样法在采集空气中毒物时，不需要抽气动力和采样流量装置，而是利用毒物分子在空气中的扩散作用，完成采样的，这种采样器叫做无泵型采样器。

惠普彩色激光打印机 Pro M454 和惠普彩色激光多功能一体机 Pro M479 维修手册说明书

Table -1 Revision history Revision number 1
Revision date 6/2019
Revision notes HP LaserJet Pro M454 HP LaserJet Pro MFP M479 Repair manual initial release
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Unit 4 Exploring poetry

• 学习策略 l元认知策略
• 能通过图书馆、互联网等渠道获取更多与“诗歌鉴赏”相关的信息，学会通过朗读、背诵英文诗歌等方式提高自己的英语水平。
l认知策略
• 1. 学会结合阅读语篇的文体特征把握文章的主旨大意。
• 2. 学会从音、意两方面理解和欣赏英文诗歌。
l交际策略
• 在就“诗歌鉴赏”这一话题进行交流时，能自我监控和调整语言的正确性和得体性。
• —“Preface [ˈprefəs] [(书的)前言，序言]在心为志，发言为诗。——《毛诗序》
• 该句出自中国古代诗歌理论文献《毛诗序》。《毛诗》是西汉初年鲁国的毛亨和赵国的毛苌(cháng)所辑、注的《诗经》版本，《毛诗序》即为它所作的序言，其作者不详。这句话说明了诗歌具有抒情言志的功能。
• A Spring Morning • By Meng Haoran
• This spring morning in bed I’m lying, • Not to awake till birds are crying. • After one night of wind and showers, • How many are the fallen flowers!
• ◆ 教学目标
• By the end of this section, we will be able to:
• 1. read aloud the poems and enjoy the beauty of poetry;
• 2. illustrate their feelings when reading the two poems;
hence, dare, *dweller, striking,

农学英语翻译

农业词汇英语翻译(O-T)slightly soluble fertilizer 难溶性肥料slime 粘液slime bacteria 粘液菌slime from vagina 阴道膣粘液slime molds 粘菌类slippage 打滑slipper 滑板slope 倾斜slope friction 坡面摩擦slope of water table 水面坡度slope stability 坡面稳定性sloping field 岗田slow action fertilizer 缓效肥料slow action nitrogen fertilizer 缓效性氮肥sludge 淤泥sludge manure 污泥肥料sludge utilization 污泥利用sluice 水闸sluice gate 闸口small cabbage white moth 白粉蝶small ditch 小渠small field trial 小区试验small fruited 小果的small plot experiment 小区试验small raceme 小总状花序small sample 小试样small scale soil map 小比例尺土壤图small tractor 小型拖拉机smallpox 天花smear 涂抹smoke agent 发烟剂smoking 熏制smooth tare 乌啄豆smoothing harrow 播种耙smut 黑穗病snaffle 嚼子snail 蜗牛snout 鼻子snow 雪snow damage 雪害snow mould of wheat and barley 麦类赤色雪腐病snow plough 雪犁snow white leaved 雪白叶的soaking 浸湿sociability 群集度sock lamb 哺乳羊sod horizon 生草层sodic soil 苏打土sodium 钠sodium arsenite 亚砷酸钠sodium bicarbonate 碳酸氢钠sodium chlorate 氯酸钠sodium chloride 氯化钠sodium citrate 柠檬酸钠sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠sodium molybdate 钼酸钠sodium nitrate 硝酸钠sodium silicate 硅酸钠sodium solonchak 苏打盐土sodium sulphite 亚硫酸钠soft corn 粉质种玉米soft fibre plant 软质纤维植物soft fruits 浆果类soft leaved 软叶的soft maize 粉质种玉米soft rot 软腐病soft wheat 软质小麦softwood forest 针叶林soil 土壤soil acidity 土壤酸度soil actinomycetes 土壤放线菌soil adsorbing heat 土壤吸着热soil aeration 土壤通气soil age 土壤年龄soil air 土壤空气soil algae 土壤藻类soil analysis 土壤分析soil analysis card 土壤分析表soil animal 土壤动物soil applied herbicide 土壤用除草剂soil bacteria 土壤细菌soil bank 土壤库soil biochemistry 土壤生物化学soil biology 土壤生物学soil block 土壤营养钵soil breaking 土壤破碎soil burning 烧土soil cadastral map 土壤地籍图soil cartography 土壤图学soil characteristic list 土壤特性表soil characteristics 土壤特性soil chemistry 土壤化学soil classification 土壤分类soil climate 土壤气候soil climatic zone 土壤气候带soil cohesion 土壤凝结性soil colour 土壤颜色soil compaction 土壤压实soil complex 土壤复合体soil condition 土壤条件soil conservation 土壤保持soil conservation measure 土壤保持措施soil constituent 土壤成分soil contaminant 土壤污染物质soil covering 土壤覆盖soil cracking 土壤裂隙soil crushing 碎土块soil crust 土壤表壳soil degradation 土壤破坏soil density 土壤密度soil depletion 土壤贫瘠soil depth 土壤深度soil diagnosis 土壤诊断soil diagnostics 土壤诊断学soil disinfectant 土壤消毒剂soil disinfection 土壤消毒soil disinfector 土壤消毒器soil drought 土壤干旱soil ecology 土壤生态学soil energetics 土壤能量学soil environm ent 土壤环境soil enzyme 土壤酶soil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil erosion factor 土壤侵蚀因素soil erosion form 土壤侵蚀形态soil evaporation 土壤蒸发soil evaporativeness 土壤蒸发量soil exhaustion 土壤衰竭soil fabric 土壤组织soil fauna 土壤动物区系soil fertility 土壤肥力soil fertility component 地力组成因素soil fertility nitrogen 地力氮soil fixation 土壤固定soil flora 土壤植物区系soil formation 土壤发生soil forming factor 土壤形成因素soil forming rock 成土母岩soil friction 土壤摩擦soil fumigant 土壤烟熏剂soil fungi 土壤真菌soil genesis 土壤发生学soil geochemistry 土壤地球化学soil geography 土壤地理学soil geology 土壤地质学soil hardness 土壤硬度soil heat 土壤热soil heat source 土壤热源soil heating 土壤加热soil history 土壤来历soil horizon 土层soil humidity 土壤湿度soil humus 土壤腐殖质soil indicating map 土壤示意图soil individual 土壤个体soil inductivity 土壤诱电率soil infection 土壤传染soil information 土壤信息soil inoculation 土壤接种soil kind 土壤属soil lipid 土壤脂质soil loosening 土壤松散soil loss 土壤璃soil macroanimals 土壤大型动物soil management 土壤管理soil map 土壤图soil mass 土壤体soil mechanics 土质力学soil melioration 土壤改良soil mesoanimals 土壤中型动物soil micro region 土壤小区soil microanimals 土壤小型动物soil microbes 土壤微生物soil microbiology 土壤微生物学soil microclimate 土壤小气候soil microflora 土壤微生物区系soil micromorphological feature 土壤微形特征soil microorganisms 土壤微生物soil mineral 土壤矿物soil mineralogy 土壤矿物学soil morphology 土壤形态学soil mosaic 土壤嵌合体soil movem ent 土壤运动soil nutrient deficiency 土壤养分缺乏soil of base saturation 盐基饱和土壤soil order 土纲soil organic acid 土壤有机酸soil organic substance 土壤有机物质soil organism 土壤生物soil parent material 成土母质soil particles 土粒soil pathogen 土壤病原体soil penetrometer 土壤硬度计soil permeability 土壤渗透性soil physicochemistry 土壤物理化学soil physics 土壤物理学soil pit 土坑soil plasticity 土壤可塑性soil poison 土壤毒素soil pollutant 土壤污染物质soil pollution 土壤污染soil pore space 土壤孔隙soil porosity 土壤孔隙度soil productivity 土壤生产力soil profile 土剖面soil protection 土壤保护soil reaction 土壤反应soil reclamation plant 土壤改良植物soil region 土壤地区soil respiration 土壤呼吸soil sample 土壤样品soil sampler 采土器soil science 土壤学soil sequence 土壤系列soil solution 土壤溶液soil sorption 土壤收附soil species 土壤种soil specimen 土壤样品soil split 土壤裂隙soil sterilization 土壤灭菌soil structual unit 土壤结构单位soil structure 土壤结构soil structure amendment 土壤结构形成剂soil structure conditioner 土壤结构改良剂soil structure former 土壤结构形成剂soil suborder 土壤亚目soil subspecies 土壤变种soil substance 土壤物质soil subtype 土壤亚型soil survey 土壤甸soil taxonomy 土壤分类学soil technology 土壤技术soil temperature 土壤温度soil testing 土壤测定soil texture 土壤质地soil thermometer 土壤温度计soil thickness 土层厚度soil tilth 土壤的墒情soil toxicity 土壤毒性soil transport process 土壤搬运过程soil treatment 土壤处理soil type 土壤类形soil volum e 土壤容积soil water 土壤水soil water balance 土壤水分均衡soil water constant 土壤水分常数soil water content 土壤水分含量soil water deficit 土壤水分缺失soil water movement 土壤水动态soil water quality 土壤水质soil water regime 土壤水分状况soil water retention 土壤水分保持soil zonality 土壤带性soil zone 土壤带soil zoology 土壤动物学soiless culture 无土栽培sol 溶胶solanaceous fruit vegetable 茄果类蔬菜solanaceous plant 茄子科植物solanaceous vegetable 茄子科蔬菜solanine 茄碱solar activity 太阳活动性solar constant 太阳常数solar energy 太阳能solar heat 太阳热solar heating 太阳热供暧solar heating system of fish breeding 太阳热养鱼系统solar radiation 太阳辐射solar radiation heat 日射热solar radiation observation 日射观测solenostele 管状中柱solid 固体solid bulb 球茎solid carbon dioxide 固体二氧化碳solid culture 固体培养solid culture medium 固体培养基solid feed dispenser 固体饲料分配器solid fermentation 固体发酵solid phase of soil 土壤固相solid water 固体水solod 脱碱土solodic planosol 脱碱化粘磐土solonchak 白碱土solonetz 碱土solubility 溶解度solubility in acid 酸溶性solubility in citric acid 枸溶性solubility in water 水溶性solubility in weak acid 弱酸可溶性solubility product 溶度积soluble nitrogen compound 可溶性氮化合物soluble nutrient 可溶性营养物质soluble protein 可溶性蛋白质soluble ribonucleic acid 可溶性核糖核酸soluble rna 可溶性核糖核酸soluble saccharide 可溶性糖类soluble starch 可溶性淀粉soluble substance 可溶性物质solute 溶质solution 溶液solvability 溶解度solvent 溶剂solvent extraction 溶剂提取som atic antigen 体质抗原som atic cell 体细胞som atic cell division 体细胞分裂som atic copulation 体细胞接合som atic crossing over 有丝分裂交换som atic embryo 体细胞胚som atic hybridization 体细胞杂交som atic meiosis 体细胞减数分裂som atic mutation 体细胞突变som atic segregation 体细胞分离som atic variation 体细胞变异som atogamy 体细胞接合som atopleura 胚体壁som atopleure 胚体壁som atotrophic hormone 生长激素som atotropin 生长激素sooty blotch of apple 苹果煤病sooty mould 煤污病sooty mould of orange 柑桔黑褐煤病sorbic acid 山梨酸sorbitol 山梨糖醇sorbose 山梨糖soredium 粉芽soredium spore 粉芽孢子sorehead 鸡痘sorghum 高粱sorosis 桑椹sorter 分级机sorting 选果sorus 孢囊群sotto disease 卒倒病sour cherry tree 欧洲酸樱桃source of infection 传染源source of irrigation water 灌溉水源source of water 水源source of water supply 供水水源sourness 酸味southern blight of cucumber 黄瓜白绢病southern blight of potato 马铃薯白绢病southern sclerotium rot of kidney bean 扁豆白绢病sow 母猪sower 播种机sowing 播种sowing area 播种面积sowing date 播种日期sowing depth 播种深度sowing distance 植距sowing time 播种期sown pasture 人工草地soybean 大豆农业词汇英语翻译(O-T)soybean cake 豆饼soybean curb residue 豆腐渣soybean downey mildew大豆霜霉病soybean purple speck 大豆紫斑病soybean stunt 大豆萎缩病space survey 宇宙探查spacing 扩座spacing of drains 排水沟间隔spade 锹spadix 肉穗花序spanish chestnut 欧洲栗spanroof hothouse 双屋顶温室sparrow 麻雀sparse planting culture 疏植栽培sparse rearing 薄饲sparse seeding 稀播sparsiflorous 散生花的sparsifolious 散生叶的spasm 痉挛spathe 佛焰苞spavin 飞节内肿special botany 特用植物学special culture medium 特殊培养基special humus substance 真腐殖质special organic compound 特用有机化合物specialization 专业化speciation 种的形成species 种species hybrid 种间染种species of dryland soil 旱地土壤种类species specificity 种特异性species transformation 种变态specific combining ability 特殊配合力specific feed 特定的饲料specific gravity 比重specific heat 比热specific humus matter of soil 土壤特异腐殖物质specific pathogen free animal 特种无菌动物specific surface area 比表面积specific weight 比重specimen 标本spectral analysis 光谱分析spectrochemical analysis 光谱化学分析spectrometry 光谱测定spectrophotom eter 分光光度计spectrophotom etry 分光光度测定法spectroscopy 分光学speed of germination 发芽速度sperm 精子sperm agglutination 精子凝集sperm cell 精子sperm dilution 精液稀释sperm mobility 精子怜性sperm mother cell 精母细胞sperm viability 精子活力sperm volume 精液量spermary 睾丸spermatheca 受精囊spermatic cord 精索spermatid 精子细胞spermatocyst 生精囊spermatocyte 精母细胞spermatogenesis 精子发生spermatogonium 精原细胞spermatology 精子学spermatophore 精包spermatophyte 种子植物spermatozoid 精子spermatozoon 精子spermi duct 输精管spermid 精子细胞spermist 精源论者spermoblast 精子细胞spermoderm 种皮spica 穗状花序spice crop 香辣罪spiciferous 具穗状花序的spider 蜘蛛spike 穗状花序spikelet 小穗spillway face 溢廉面spillway slab 泄洪道面板spinach 菠菜spinach leaf miner 甜菜潜叶花蝇spinag 菠菜spinal cord 脊髓spindle 纺锤体spindle training 纺锤形整枝spindly growth 徒长spine 脊骨spinner type sprinkler 旋转式喷灌机spinneret 吐丝管spinning 吐丝spinning rate 吐丝速度spiracle 气门spiracular line 气门线spiral feed mixer 螺旋式饲料混合器spiramycin 螺旋链霉素spirillum 螺旋状细菌spirochaetes 螺旋原虫spirochetes 螺旋原虫spleen 脾splenectomy 脾切除术splenic fever 炭疽splint wood 边材split block 裂区split block experiment 裂区试验split plot design 等分试验区设计spodosol 灰土spoiled cocoon 下茧sponge 海绵spongy parenchyma 海绵组织spongy tissue 海绵组织spontaneous estrus 自然发情spontaneous mutation 自然突变sporangiophore 孢子囊梗sporangium 孢子囊spore 孢子spore bacteria 芽孢细菌spore bearing plants 孢子植物sporeless bacterium 无芽孢杆菌sporiferous layer 子实层sporocarp 孢子果sporocyst 孢囊sporogenesis 孢子形成sporogeny 孢子形成sporogon 孢子体sporogonium 孢子体sporogony 孢子发生sporophore 孢梗sporophyll 孢子叶sporophyte 孢子体sporozoit 孢子虫sport 芽变sporulation 孢子形成spot 斑点spray beam 喷杆spray boom 喷杆spray drift 喷雾偏差spray liquid 喷雾液spray powder 喷雾粉spray pump 喷淋泵sprayer 喷雾器喷雾机spraying 喷雾spraying gun for sewage 喷熔水装置spreading millet grass 粟草传播spreading of liquid manure 液肥散布spring barley 春大麦spring chinese cabbage 春播白菜spring coolness 春季寒冷spring crop 春播罪spring onion 大葱spring ploughing 春耕spring radish 春萝卜spring rearing 春育蚕spring silkworm rearing season 春蚕期spring time 春季spring tine cultivator 弹齿式中耕器spring tooth cultivator 弹齿式中耕器spring tooth harrow 簧齿耙spring vegetables 春季蔬菜spring water 泉水spring wheat 春小麦spring wood 早材sprinkler 撒水器人工降雨器sprinkling irrigation 喷灌sprinkling irrigation system 喷灌系统sprouting 催芽spur 距spurious fruit 假果square deviation 平方偏差square root transformation 平方根转换squash 南瓜stab culture 穿刺培养stabilizer 稳定剂stable 马厩stable broom 畜舍清扫器stable humus 稳定腐殖质stable isotope 稳定同位素stabling 舍饲stabling hygiene 畜舍卫生stachybotryotoxicosis 葡萄状穗霉中毒stachyose 水苏糖stack 谷堆stacker 打垛机stacking hole trailer 自动装载车stage 阶段stagnant water 滞水stagnic soil 停滞水土壤staining 染色stalk 柄stalk break 菌核病stalk separator 茎秆分离器stall 畜舍stall heat 畜舍暧气stallion 公马stam 34 二氯丙酰苯胺stamen 雄蕊staminate flower 雄花staminiferous 具雄蕊的staminiform 雄蕊状的staminigerous 具雄蕊的staminode 退化雄蕊staminodium 退化雄蕊stand pipe 竖管standard 旗瓣standard error 标准误差standard error of mean 平均标准误差standard farm 标准农场standard fertilizer 标准肥料standard heterosis 标准优势standard manuring amount 标准施肥量standard normal distribution 标准正态分布standard of drainage 排水标准standard partial regression coefficient 标准偏回归系数standard redox potential 标准氧化还原电势standard seed 标准种子standard sewage 标准污水standard type 标准类型standard variety 标准品种standardization 标准化standardized milk 标准乳standing area 营养面积staphylococcus 葡萄球菌staple crop 诛star spot 星状纹starch 淀粉starch cell 淀粉细胞starch crop 淀粉罪starch decomposition 淀粉分解starch equivalent 淀粉当量starch grain 淀粉粒starch layer 淀粉层starch residue of sweet potato 甘薯淀粉渣starch value 淀粉价starting material 原始材料stationary front 静止锋stationary thresher 固定脱粒机statistical analysis 统计分析statistical data 统计数据statistical hypothesis test 统计假设检验statistical inference 统计推断statistical method 统计方法statistical population 统计总体statistical relation 统计关系statistical significance 统计显著性statistical test 统计检验statistics 统计学steady flow 稳定流steam sterilization 蒸汽消毒stearic acid 硬脂酸stearin 硬脂精steel pipe 钢管steep gradient 陡坡steeping 浸湿steer 公牛stele 中柱stem 芝stem breeding 茎繁殖stem eelworm 茎线虫stem leaf 茎叶stem length 株高stem rot of clover 三叶草腐烂病stem rot of cucumber 黄瓜菌核病stem rot of sweet potato 甘薯蔓割病stem rot of tomato 番茄菌核病stem rust 茎锈病stem rust of wheat and barley 麦类秆锈病stem smut 秆黑粉病stenohaline 狭盐性的stenopetalous 狭瓣的stenophagous 狭食性的stenophotic 狭光性的stenophyllous 狭/叶的stenosis 压缩stenothermal 狭温的stenothermic 狭温的step 阶段step arrangement 阶梯排列stephanofilariosis of cattle 牛皮肤丝状虫病stephanurosis of swine 猪肾虫病steppe 草原steppe climate 草原气候steppe plant 草原植物steppe soil 草原土stepping cross system 梯级杂交体系stepwise regression method 逐步回归方法stereome 坚实组织stereotaxis 钎性sterile 无生殖力的sterile action 杀菌酌sterile glum e 副护颖sterile lemma 护颖sterile water 无菌水sterility 不育性sterilization 灭菌sternum 腹板steroid 甾族化合物steroid hormone 类固醇激素sterols 甾醇类stethoscope 听诊器stick culture 穿刺培养sticky hair 粘液毛stiff soil 坚硬土壤stiging hair 螫毛stigma 气门stimulant plant 嗜好罪stimulative ovulation 刺激排卵stimulus 刺激sting 螫刺stink gland 臭腺stinking smut 麦类黑穗病stinking smut of barley 大麦坚黑穗病stinking smut of wheat and barley 麦类网腥黑穗病stipe 柄stipel 小托叶stipule 托叶stirrup 马镫stock 砧木stock barn 厩stock bull 种公牛stock farm 牧场stockbreeding machine 畜牧机械stocking density 养畜密度stokes law 斯托克定律stolon 匍匐茎stoma 气孔stomach 胃stomach disease 胃病stomach poison 胃毒剂stomach ulcer 胃溃疡stomatitis 口炎stone 核stone cleaning 除石块stone culvert 石块暗渠stone dam 石坝stone fence 石围墙stone fruit 核果stonebrood 蜜蜂曲霉病stony soil 砾质土stook 谷堆stopper 塞子storage 贮藏storage carbohydrate 贮藏碳水化物storage container 贮藏容器storage decay 储存腐烂storage facilities 贮藏设备storage feed 贮藏饲料storage leaf 贮藏叶storage loss 贮存损失storage of fertilizers 肥料保存storage of irrigation water 灌溉蓄水storage organ 贮藏瀑storage pollen 贮藏花粉storage starch 贮藏淀粉storage tissue 贮藏组织store lamb 肥育羔羊storehouse 贮藏库storeroom of mulberry leaf 贮桑室storing facilities of water 蓄水设施storm 风暴storm damage 风暴害stove 炉灶straight channel 截弯取直straight seeded 直接播种strain 系统strangles 腺疫stratification 成层stratified epithelium 复层上皮stratified mass selection 分层群选stratified sampling 分层抽样stratified sampling method 分层抽样法stratigraphic soil type 层状土壤型农业词汇英语翻译(O-T)stratum bias 层滑动stratum order design 层排列stratum water 地层水straw 谷草straw bag 草袋straw bag weaving loom 编草袋机straw chopper 茎稿切碎机straw culture 谷草覆膜栽培straw elevator 茎稿升运器straw manure 草肥straw manuring 施稿秆堆肥straw mat 草席;蚕用草荐straw rope making machine 打草绳机straw shaker 逐稿器straw shredder 茎稿切碎机straw yield 稻草收获量strawberry 草莓strawberry clover 草莓车轴草strawberry plant harvester 草莓收获机stray bee 盗贼蜂stream 水流stream spring water 泉源strength 强度streptococcus 链球菌streptomyces 链霉菌属streptomycin 链霉素stress 应激stress factor 应激因子stretcher 担架striking root 返青striking root fertilizer 返青肥string rooted 绳状根的stringy stonecrop 佛甲草strip cropping 带状种植strip grazing 条牧stripe disease on barley 大麦斑叶病stripe rust of wheat and barley 麦类黄锈病strobile 球果stroma 子座strong sewage 浓污水strongyliasis 圆线虫病strongyloidosis of livestock 家畜拟圆虫病strontium 锶structural change 结构改变structural defence 结构保护structural gene 结构基因structural hybrid 结构杂种structural soil 结构土壤structural soil type 结构土壤型structure 构筑物structurelessness 无结构stubble 茬stubble cleaning 灭茬stubble field 留茬田stubble manure 残茬堆肥stubble plough 起草皮机stubble ploughing 灭茬stubble seeding 留茬地播种stud book 种畜登记簿student's t test t 检验stump 根株stump removal 拔收style 花柱styrol 苯之烯subclass 亚纲subcutaneous fat 皮下脂肪subdivision 亚门suberification 栓化suberisation 栓化suberization 栓化subestrus 短发情subfamily 亚科subgenus 亚属subhumid climate 半湿润气候subhumid zone 半湿润带sublimate 升化物sublimation 升化submerged culture 深层培养submerged fermentation 深层发酵submerged leaf 沉水叶submerged plant 水底植物submerged weir 潜堰submucosa 粘膜下层suborder 亚目subphylum 亚门subplot 副区subsidence 沉淀subsidence substance 沉降性物质subsoil 心土subsoil water 地下水subsoiler 心土铲subspecies 亚种substance for flower bud formation 花芽形成物质substitution crossing 置换杂交substitution protein feed 代用蛋白质饲料substitutive feed 代用饲料substrate 基质subsurface drainage 地下排水subsurface irrigation 地下灌溉subtending leaf 苞subterranean 地下的subterranean part 地下部subterranean stem 地下茎subterranean water level 地下水位subtropical anticyclone 亚热带高压subtropical climate 亚热带气候subtropical fruits 亚热带水果subtropical zone 亚热带subtype 亚型succession 演替succinic acid 琥珀酸succinite 琥珀succinum 琥珀succulent 多肉质succulent food 多汁饲料succulent fruit 多肉果succulents 肉质植物sucker 吸根sucking 哺乳sucking insect 吸虫sucking lamb 哺乳羊sucking pig 吃奶仔猪sucking root 吸根sucking stomach 吸胃suction tube 吸入管suctoria 吸管纲sudan grass 苏丹草sugar 糖sugar acid 糖酸sugar alcohol 糖醇sugar beet 甜菜sugar beet growing 甜菜栽培sugar by product 糖副产品sugar cane 甘蔗sugar corn 甜玉米sugar crop 糖料罪sugar minimum 最小糖含量sugar palm 糖椰子树sugar phosphate 磷酸糖类suitable humidity 适湿suitable time for growth 生育适期sulfide 硫化物sulfur amino acid 含硫氨基酸sulfur fertilizer 硫肥sulfuric acid 硫酸sulphate 硫酸盐sulphate reducing bacterium 硫酸还原细菌sulphate reducing process 硫酸还原过程sulphide 硫化物sulphonamide 硫酸酰胺sulphonic acid 磺酸sulphur bacteria 硫细菌sulphur dioxide 二氧化硫sulphur fungicide 硫磺杀菌剂sulphuric acid 硫酸sulphurizer 喷硫机sulphuryl carbamide herbicide 硫酰脲类除草剂sum of events 和事件sum of products 乘积和sum of squares 平方和sum of squares of treatment 处理平方和sumicidin 氰戊菊酯sumithion 杀螟硫磷summer coolness 夏季冷寒summer culture 夏季栽培summer pruning 夏季修剪summer radish 夏萝卜summer rearing 夏蚕饲育summer season 夏季summer sowing 夏播summer spore 夏孢子summer vegetable 夏季蔬菜summer wood 晚材sun bath 日浴sun curing 晒干sunflower 向日葵sunflower cake 向日葵籽饼sunshine 日照sunshine amount 日照量sunshine condition 日照条件sunshine shortage 日光不足sunshine time 日照时间sunstroke 日射病supercentrifuge 超速离心机supercooling 过冷superdominance 超显性superfamily 总科superficial ulcer 表面溃疡superheat 过热superinfection 重传染superior ovary 上位子房superior queen bee 优良王蜂supernumerary chromosome 超数染色体superovulation 超数排卵superparasite 复寄生物superphosphate 过磷酸钙superphosphate of potash 过磷酸钙钾supplement 补充supplementary feed of silkworm 蚕添加饲料supplementary feeding 补饲supplementary food 补料supplementary irrigation 补充灌溉supplementary pasture 补充草地supplementary pollination 辅助授粉supply 供应supply amount of fertilizer 肥料供给量support 支柱supporting tissue 机械组织supporting wheel 支重轮suppression 抑制酌suppressor mutation 抑制因子突变suppuration 化脓suprarenal gland 肾上腺surface active agent 表面活化剂surface cultivation 表面耕作surface drainage 地面排水surface fertilizing 表层施肥surface irrigation 地面灌溉surface soil 表土surface sprinkling 表面喷洒surface tension 表面张力surface tillage 表土耕作surface water 地面水surface water capacity 地表水量surplus accumulated temperature 余裕积温surplus water 溢水survey 测量survival ratio 存活比susceptibility 敏感性suspension 悬浮液suspension colloid 悬胶suspension culture 悬浮培养sutan 苏达灭swaflies 叶蜂科swamp 沼地swamp formation 沼泽形成swamp paddy soil 沼泽地水稻土swamp soil 沼泽土sward 草地sward soil 生草土swarding process 生草化过程swarm of bee 蜂群swather 铺条机sweat 汗sweet cherry 欧洲甜樱桃sweet clover 草木犀sweet corn 甜玉米sweet orange 甜橙sweet pepper 柿子辣sweet potato 甘薯sweet vernal grass 黄花草sweetener 增甜剂swelling 膨胀swelling capacity 膨润度swelling water 膨胀水swine 猪swine brucellosis 猪布氏杆菌病swine dysentery 猪痢疾swine erysipelas 猪丹毒swine fever 猪疫swine pen 猪舍swing plough 摆杆步犁swiss chard 牛皮菜syenite 闪长岩sylvinite 钾石盐sylvinite fertilizer 钾盐肥symbiont 共生体symbiosis 共生symbiotic nitrogen fixation 共生固氮酌symbiotic relation 共生关系symbol of soil horizon 土壤层位标示记号symparasitism 共寄生sympetalous 合瓣的sympetaly 合瓣symphycarpous 聚合果的symphyllous 合叶的symptom 症状symptom complex 症候群symptom of estrus 发情症状synangium 聚合囊synantherous 聚药的synapsis 配对synaptonemal complex 接合丝复合物syncarpous 合心皮的synchronization 同部性synchronous culture 同期培养synclinal fold 向斜褶皱syncytium 合体细胞syndiploid 共双倍体syndrom of laying decline 产蛋性减少症侯群syndrome 症候群synecology 群落生态学synergic relationship 协同关系syngamosis of poultry 家禽张口病syngamy 配子配对synkaryon 合子核synthesis 合成synthetase 合成酵素synthetase of fatty acid 脂肪酸合成酶synthetic amount 合成量synthetic diet 合成饲料synthetic enzyme 合成酵素synthetic estrogen 合成雌激素synthetic growth stimulator 合成生长促进剂synthetic humic acid 合成腐殖酸synthetic medium 合成培养基synthetic polyribonucleotide 合成多核糖核苷酸synthetic system 合成系统synthetic vaccine 合成疫苗synthetic variety 综合品种synthetic vitamin 合成维生素synusia 生态群syrup 糖浆systematic arrangement 顺序排列systematic design 顺序配置systematic error 系统误差t antigen t 抗原t chromosome t 染色体t distribution t 分布t distribution table t 分布表t dna 转移dnat gene t 基因t rna 转移核糖核酸t test t 检验t type budding t 型芽接table of random number 随机数表tablet 药片taenia 绦虫taeniasis 绦虫病taeniasis of dog 狗绦虫病tail 尾tail head 尾根tailing auger 杂穗推运螺旋tailing elevator 杂穗升运器tailings 尾矿tailpiece 犁尾板take all of wheat and barley 麦类立枯病takyric solonchak 龟裂盐土takyric yermosol 龟裂性漠境土talc 滑石tall crop 高秆罪tamaron 甲氨磷tamping 镇压tandem disc harrow 双列圆盘耙tank truck 液罐车tanker 粮箱tannin plant 丹宁植物tanning 革tap root 直根tapeworm 绦虫tapeworm disease 绦虫病tapeworm disease of dog 狗绦虫病tapeworm of pig 猪绦虫tapioca plant 木薯tapping 割胶tara vine 软枣猕猴桃tare 巢菜target 靶taro 芋tarragon 龙蒿tartaric acid 酒石酸tassel 雄穗tasseling stage 抽雄期taste 味道taste quality 食欲品质tattoo 刺标taxa 分类单位taxis 窃taxon 分类单位taxonomy 分类学tea plant 茶teaser bull 试情公牛teat 乳头technetium 锝telegony 先父遗传首页> 收藏> 翻译词汇> 正文农业词汇英语翻译(O-T)更新日期：2005-6-25 出处：作者：teleutospore 冬孢子teliospore 冬孢子tellurium 碲telotaxis 扦性temephos 硫甲双磷temperam ent 气质temperate climate 温带气候temperate phage 温和噬菌体temperature 温度temperature coefficient 温度系数temperature condition 温度条件temperature conductivity 温度传导率temperature for rearing of silkworm 蚕饲育温度temperature ictus 温度冲击temperature inversion 气温倒转temperature of irrigation water 灌溉水温temperature regulation 温度第temperature resistance 耐热性temperature sensive mutant 温度敏感突变体temporary diversion conduit 临时排水渠沟temporary drain 临时排水渠沟temporary humid land 临时湿地temporary seedbed 假植苗床tending of hill 棵株管理tending plants per hill 棵株农业tendon 腱tendovaginitis of chicken 鸡呼肠孤病毒性腱鞘炎tendovaginitis virus of chicken 鸡腱鞘炎病毒tendril 卷须teniarhynchosis 牛绦虫tepal 花被片teratoid egg 畸形卵teratosperm 畸形精子terbacil 特草定terbutryn 去草净teretifolious 圆柱状叶的terminal bud 顶芽terminal transferase 末端转移酶termination codon 终止密码子termination factor 终止因子terminator 终止密码子termites 白蚁目terra rossa 红色石灰土terrace 阶地terrace culture 阶田耕作terrace field 梯田terraced component 阶地组成因素terraced dam 梯田墙terraced paddy field 阶地稻田terraced rice field 阶地稻田terracing 阶田耕作terrestrial 地上的terrestrial plant 陆生植物terrestrial stem 地上茎territory division unit 领域划分单位tertiary stratum 第三纪层tertiary structure of protein 蛋白质三级结构teschen disease 猪脊髓灰质炎test 卡方测验test cross 测交test solution 试液test tube 试管testa 种皮tester line 测交品系testicle 睾丸testis 睾丸testosterone 睾丸甾酮tetanus 破伤风tethered stall 系枷牛舍tetracycline 四环素tetrad 四分体tetragynous 四雌蕊的tetramethyl thiuram disulfide 福美双tetramisol 四咪唑tetramolter 四眠蚕tetrandrous 四雄蕊的tetraploid 四倍体tetraploidy 四倍性tetraspermous 四种子的tetraspore 四分孢子tetrasporophyte 四分孢子体texas fever 焦虫病texture 结构thalamiflorous 托花的thallium 铊thallophyte 叶状体植物thallus 叶状体thaw 融雪theileria 泰累尔犁浆虫属thelaziasis 眼睑丝虫病theoretical botany 理论植物学theoretical distribution 理论分布therapeutic diet 食饵疗法饲料therapeutic fungicide 治疗杀真菌剂therapy 治疗thermal absorptivity 热吸收能力thermal analysis 热分析thermal conduction of soil 土壤导热thermal conductivity 导热率thermal luminous analysis 热发光分析thermal pollution 热污染thermal property 热特性thermal purification 热净化thermal radiation 热辐射thermal sensitive plant 感温性植物thermal treatment 热处理thermochemical property 热化学性质thermograph 温度自动记录器thermolysis 热分解thermometer 温度计thermoperiod 温周期thermoperiodic stage 温周期阶段thermoperiodism 温周期现象thermophilic 好热性的thermophilic bacterium 好热性细菌thermophilic cellulose decomposing bacteria 适温性纤维素分解细菌thermophilic microorganism 喜温微生物thermophilic vegetable 好热性蔬菜thermoregulation 温度第thermostat 恒温器定温箱thermotaxis 锹性thermotherapy 热疗法thermotropism 向温性therophytes 一年生植物thiabendazole 涕必灵thiaminase 硫胺酶thiamine 抗神经炎素thiazole 噻唑thick footed 粗柄的thick root 粗根thickening growth 加粗生长thickness 厚度thickness of joint 节子粗细thigmotaxis 钎性thigmotropism 向触性thin layer chromatography 薄层色谱thin rice seedling 细苗thin shelled cocoon 薄皮茧thinner 稀释剂thinness 瘦小thinning machine 间苗机thinning of fruit 疏果thiodan 硫丹thiol 硫羟thionic fluvisol 酸性硫酸盐冲积土thiophene 噻吩thiourea 硫脲thiram 福美双third stomach 第三胃thomas phosphate fertilizer 托马斯炉渣thomas slag 托马斯炉渣thoracic cavity 胸腔thoracic dorsal 胸背thoral cavity 胸腔thorax 胸thorium 钍thorn 螫刺thousand kernel weight 千粒重three elem ents complex fertilizer 三元复合肥料three factor design of experiment 三因子试验设计three layer mineral 三层矿物three line method 三系法three major fertilizer 三要素肥料three molter 三眠蚕three phases of soil 土壤三相three point linkage 三点悬挂装置three way cross 三元杂交threonine 苏氨酸thresher 脱粒机threshing 脱谷threshing cylinder 脱粒滚筒threshing floor 打谷场threshing ground 打谷场threshold charactrer 阈值性状thrice pinnate 三回羽状的thrips 缨翅目throat 咽喉thrombosis 血栓形成thrust culture 穿刺培养thunder damage 霹雳害。

OSHA现场作业手册说明书

DIRECTIVE NUMBER: CPL 02-00-150 EFFECTIVE DATE: April 22, 2011 SUBJECT: Field Operations Manual (FOM)ABSTRACTPurpose: This instruction cancels and replaces OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-148,Field Operations Manual (FOM), issued November 9, 2009, whichreplaced the September 26, 1994 Instruction that implemented the FieldInspection Reference Manual (FIRM). The FOM is a revision of OSHA’senforcement policies and procedures manual that provides the field officesa reference document for identifying the responsibilities associated withthe majority of their inspection duties. This Instruction also cancels OSHAInstruction FAP 01-00-003 Federal Agency Safety and Health Programs,May 17, 1996 and Chapter 13 of OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-045,Revised Field Operations Manual, June 15, 1989.Scope: OSHA-wide.References: Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations §1903.6, Advance Notice ofInspections; 29 Code of Federal Regulations §1903.14, Policy RegardingEmployee Rescue Activities; 29 Code of Federal Regulations §1903.19,Abatement Verification; 29 Code of Federal Regulations §1904.39,Reporting Fatalities and Multiple Hospitalizations to OSHA; and Housingfor Agricultural Workers: Final Rule, Federal Register, March 4, 1980 (45FR 14180).Cancellations: OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-148, Field Operations Manual, November9, 2009.OSHA Instruction FAP 01-00-003, Federal Agency Safety and HealthPrograms, May 17, 1996.Chapter 13 of OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-045, Revised FieldOperations Manual, June 15, 1989.State Impact: Notice of Intent and Adoption required. See paragraph VI.Action Offices: National, Regional, and Area OfficesOriginating Office: Directorate of Enforcement Programs Contact: Directorate of Enforcement ProgramsOffice of General Industry Enforcement200 Constitution Avenue, NW, N3 119Washington, DC 20210202-693-1850By and Under the Authority ofDavid Michaels, PhD, MPHAssistant SecretaryExecutive SummaryThis instruction cancels and replaces OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-148, Field Operations Manual (FOM), issued November 9, 2009. The one remaining part of the prior Field Operations Manual, the chapter on Disclosure, will be added at a later date. This Instruction also cancels OSHA Instruction FAP 01-00-003 Federal Agency Safety and Health Programs, May 17, 1996 and Chapter 13 of OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-045, Revised Field Operations Manual, June 15, 1989. This Instruction constitutes OSHA’s general enforcement policies and procedures manual for use by the field offices in conducting inspections, issuing citations and proposing penalties.Significant Changes∙A new Table of Contents for the entire FOM is added.∙ A new References section for the entire FOM is added∙ A new Cancellations section for the entire FOM is added.∙Adds a Maritime Industry Sector to Section III of Chapter 10, Industry Sectors.∙Revises sections referring to the Enhanced Enforcement Program (EEP) replacing the information with the Severe Violator Enforcement Program (SVEP).∙Adds Chapter 13, Federal Agency Field Activities.∙Cancels OSHA Instruction FAP 01-00-003, Federal Agency Safety and Health Programs, May 17, 1996.DisclaimerThis manual is intended to provide instruction regarding some of the internal operations of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and is solely for the benefit of the Government. No duties, rights, or benefits, substantive or procedural, are created or implied by this manual. The contents of this manual are not enforceable by any person or entity against the Department of Labor or the United States. Statements which reflect current Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission or court precedents do not necessarily indicate acquiescence with those precedents.Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1INTRODUCTIONI.PURPOSE. ........................................................................................................... 1-1 II.SCOPE. ................................................................................................................ 1-1 III.REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 1-1 IV.CANCELLATIONS............................................................................................. 1-8 V. ACTION INFORMATION ................................................................................. 1-8A.R ESPONSIBLE O FFICE.......................................................................................................................................... 1-8B.A CTION O FFICES. .................................................................................................................... 1-8C. I NFORMATION O FFICES............................................................................................................ 1-8 VI. STATE IMPACT. ................................................................................................ 1-8 VII.SIGNIFICANT CHANGES. ............................................................................... 1-9 VIII.BACKGROUND. ................................................................................................. 1-9 IX. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY. ........................................................ 1-10A.T HE A CT................................................................................................................................................................. 1-10B. C OMPLIANCE S AFETY AND H EALTH O FFICER (CSHO). ...........................................................1-10B.H E/S HE AND H IS/H ERS ..................................................................................................................................... 1-10C.P ROFESSIONAL J UDGMENT............................................................................................................................... 1-10E. W ORKPLACE AND W ORKSITE ......................................................................................................................... 1-10CHAPTER 2PROGRAM PLANNINGI.INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 2-1 II.AREA OFFICE RESPONSIBILITIES. .............................................................. 2-1A.P ROVIDING A SSISTANCE TO S MALL E MPLOYERS. ...................................................................................... 2-1B.A REA O FFICE O UTREACH P ROGRAM. ............................................................................................................. 2-1C. R ESPONDING TO R EQUESTS FOR A SSISTANCE. ............................................................................................ 2-2 III. OSHA COOPERATIVE PROGRAMS OVERVIEW. ...................................... 2-2A.V OLUNTARY P ROTECTION P ROGRAM (VPP). ........................................................................... 2-2B.O NSITE C ONSULTATION P ROGRAM. ................................................................................................................ 2-2C.S TRATEGIC P ARTNERSHIPS................................................................................................................................. 2-3D.A LLIANCE P ROGRAM ........................................................................................................................................... 2-3 IV. ENFORCEMENT PROGRAM SCHEDULING. ................................................ 2-4A.G ENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................. 2-4B.I NSPECTION P RIORITY C RITERIA. ..................................................................................................................... 2-4C.E FFECT OF C ONTEST ............................................................................................................................................ 2-5D.E NFORCEMENT E XEMPTIONS AND L IMITATIONS. ....................................................................................... 2-6E.P REEMPTION BY A NOTHER F EDERAL A GENCY ........................................................................................... 2-6F.U NITED S TATES P OSTAL S ERVICE. .................................................................................................................. 2-7G.H OME-B ASED W ORKSITES. ................................................................................................................................ 2-8H.I NSPECTION/I NVESTIGATION T YPES. ............................................................................................................... 2-8 V.UNPROGRAMMED ACTIVITY – HAZARD EVALUATION AND INSPECTION SCHEDULING ............................................................................ 2-9 VI.PROGRAMMED INSPECTIONS. ................................................................... 2-10A.S ITE-S PECIFIC T ARGETING (SST) P ROGRAM. ............................................................................................. 2-10B.S CHEDULING FOR C ONSTRUCTION I NSPECTIONS. ..................................................................................... 2-10C.S CHEDULING FOR M ARITIME I NSPECTIONS. ............................................................................. 2-11D.S PECIAL E MPHASIS P ROGRAMS (SEP S). ................................................................................... 2-12E.N ATIONAL E MPHASIS P ROGRAMS (NEP S) ............................................................................... 2-13F.L OCAL E MPHASIS P ROGRAMS (LEP S) AND R EGIONAL E MPHASIS P ROGRAMS (REP S) ............ 2-13G.O THER S PECIAL P ROGRAMS. ............................................................................................................................ 2-13H.I NSPECTION S CHEDULING AND I NTERFACE WITH C OOPERATIVE P ROGRAM P ARTICIPANTS ....... 2-13CHAPTER 3INSPECTION PROCEDURESI.INSPECTION PREPARATION. .......................................................................... 3-1 II.INSPECTION PLANNING. .................................................................................. 3-1A.R EVIEW OF I NSPECTION H ISTORY .................................................................................................................... 3-1B.R EVIEW OF C OOPERATIVE P ROGRAM P ARTICIPATION .............................................................................. 3-1C.OSHA D ATA I NITIATIVE (ODI) D ATA R EVIEW .......................................................................................... 3-2D.S AFETY AND H EALTH I SSUES R ELATING TO CSHO S.................................................................. 3-2E.A DVANCE N OTICE. ................................................................................................................................................ 3-3F.P RE-I NSPECTION C OMPULSORY P ROCESS ...................................................................................................... 3-5G.P ERSONAL S ECURITY C LEARANCE. ................................................................................................................. 3-5H.E XPERT A SSISTANCE. ........................................................................................................................................... 3-5 III. INSPECTION SCOPE. ......................................................................................... 3-6A.C OMPREHENSIVE ................................................................................................................................................... 3-6B.P ARTIAL. ................................................................................................................................................................... 3-6 IV. CONDUCT OF INSPECTION .............................................................................. 3-6A.T IME OF I NSPECTION............................................................................................................................................. 3-6B.P RESENTING C REDENTIALS. ............................................................................................................................... 3-6C.R EFUSAL TO P ERMIT I NSPECTION AND I NTERFERENCE ............................................................................. 3-7D.E MPLOYEE P ARTICIPATION. ............................................................................................................................... 3-9E.R ELEASE FOR E NTRY ............................................................................................................................................ 3-9F.B ANKRUPT OR O UT OF B USINESS. .................................................................................................................... 3-9G.E MPLOYEE R ESPONSIBILITIES. ................................................................................................. 3-10H.S TRIKE OR L ABOR D ISPUTE ............................................................................................................................. 3-10I. V ARIANCES. .......................................................................................................................................................... 3-11 V. OPENING CONFERENCE. ................................................................................ 3-11A.G ENERAL ................................................................................................................................................................ 3-11B.R EVIEW OF A PPROPRIATION A CT E XEMPTIONS AND L IMITATION. ..................................................... 3-13C.R EVIEW S CREENING FOR P ROCESS S AFETY M ANAGEMENT (PSM) C OVERAGE............................. 3-13D.R EVIEW OF V OLUNTARY C OMPLIANCE P ROGRAMS. ................................................................................ 3-14E.D ISRUPTIVE C ONDUCT. ...................................................................................................................................... 3-15F.C LASSIFIED A REAS ............................................................................................................................................. 3-16VI. REVIEW OF RECORDS. ................................................................................... 3-16A.I NJURY AND I LLNESS R ECORDS...................................................................................................................... 3-16B.R ECORDING C RITERIA. ...................................................................................................................................... 3-18C. R ECORDKEEPING D EFICIENCIES. .................................................................................................................. 3-18 VII. WALKAROUND INSPECTION. ....................................................................... 3-19A.W ALKAROUND R EPRESENTATIVES ............................................................................................................... 3-19B.E VALUATION OF S AFETY AND H EALTH M ANAGEMENT S YSTEM. ....................................................... 3-20C.R ECORD A LL F ACTS P ERTINENT TO A V IOLATION. ................................................................................. 3-20D.T ESTIFYING IN H EARINGS ................................................................................................................................ 3-21E.T RADE S ECRETS. ................................................................................................................................................. 3-21F.C OLLECTING S AMPLES. ..................................................................................................................................... 3-22G.P HOTOGRAPHS AND V IDEOTAPES.................................................................................................................. 3-22H.V IOLATIONS OF O THER L AWS. ....................................................................................................................... 3-23I.I NTERVIEWS OF N ON-M ANAGERIAL E MPLOYEES .................................................................................... 3-23J.M ULTI-E MPLOYER W ORKSITES ..................................................................................................................... 3-27 K.A DMINISTRATIVE S UBPOENA.......................................................................................................................... 3-27 L.E MPLOYER A BATEMENT A SSISTANCE. ........................................................................................................ 3-27 VIII. CLOSING CONFERENCE. .............................................................................. 3-28A.P ARTICIPANTS. ..................................................................................................................................................... 3-28B.D ISCUSSION I TEMS. ............................................................................................................................................ 3-28C.A DVICE TO A TTENDEES .................................................................................................................................... 3-29D.P ENALTIES............................................................................................................................................................. 3-30E.F EASIBLE A DMINISTRATIVE, W ORK P RACTICE AND E NGINEERING C ONTROLS. ............................ 3-30F.R EDUCING E MPLOYEE E XPOSURE. ................................................................................................................ 3-32G.A BATEMENT V ERIFICATION. ........................................................................................................................... 3-32H.E MPLOYEE D ISCRIMINATION .......................................................................................................................... 3-33 IX. SPECIAL INSPECTION PROCEDURES. ...................................................... 3-33A.F OLLOW-UP AND M ONITORING I NSPECTIONS............................................................................................ 3-33B.C ONSTRUCTION I NSPECTIONS ......................................................................................................................... 3-34C. F EDERAL A GENCY I NSPECTIONS. ................................................................................................................. 3-35CHAPTER 4VIOLATIONSI. BASIS OF VIOLATIONS ..................................................................................... 4-1A.S TANDARDS AND R EGULATIONS. .................................................................................................................... 4-1B.E MPLOYEE E XPOSURE. ........................................................................................................................................ 4-3C.R EGULATORY R EQUIREMENTS. ........................................................................................................................ 4-6D.H AZARD C OMMUNICATION. .............................................................................................................................. 4-6E. E MPLOYER/E MPLOYEE R ESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................................................... 4-6 II. SERIOUS VIOLATIONS. .................................................................................... 4-8A.S ECTION 17(K). ......................................................................................................................... 4-8B.E STABLISHING S ERIOUS V IOLATIONS ............................................................................................................ 4-8C. F OUR S TEPS TO BE D OCUMENTED. ................................................................................................................... 4-8 III. GENERAL DUTY REQUIREMENTS ............................................................. 4-14A.E VALUATION OF G ENERAL D UTY R EQUIREMENTS ................................................................................. 4-14B.E LEMENTS OF A G ENERAL D UTY R EQUIREMENT V IOLATION.............................................................. 4-14C. U SE OF THE G ENERAL D UTY C LAUSE ........................................................................................................ 4-23D.L IMITATIONS OF U SE OF THE G ENERAL D UTY C LAUSE. ..............................................................E.C LASSIFICATION OF V IOLATIONS C ITED U NDER THE G ENERAL D UTY C LAUSE. ..................F. P ROCEDURES FOR I MPLEMENTATION OF S ECTION 5(A)(1) E NFORCEMENT ............................ 4-25 4-27 4-27IV.OTHER-THAN-SERIOUS VIOLATIONS ............................................... 4-28 V.WILLFUL VIOLATIONS. ......................................................................... 4-28A.I NTENTIONAL D ISREGARD V IOLATIONS. ..........................................................................................4-28B.P LAIN I NDIFFERENCE V IOLATIONS. ...................................................................................................4-29 VI. CRIMINAL/WILLFUL VIOLATIONS. ................................................... 4-30A.A REA D IRECTOR C OORDINATION ....................................................................................................... 4-31B.C RITERIA FOR I NVESTIGATING P OSSIBLE C RIMINAL/W ILLFUL V IOLATIONS ........................ 4-31C. W ILLFUL V IOLATIONS R ELATED TO A F ATALITY .......................................................................... 4-32 VII. REPEATED VIOLATIONS. ...................................................................... 4-32A.F EDERAL AND S TATE P LAN V IOLATIONS. ........................................................................................4-32B.I DENTICAL S TANDARDS. .......................................................................................................................4-32C.D IFFERENT S TANDARDS. .......................................................................................................................4-33D.O BTAINING I NSPECTION H ISTORY. .....................................................................................................4-33E.T IME L IMITATIONS..................................................................................................................................4-34F.R EPEATED V. F AILURE TO A BATE....................................................................................................... 4-34G. A REA D IRECTOR R ESPONSIBILITIES. .............................................................................. 4-35 VIII. DE MINIMIS CONDITIONS. ................................................................... 4-36A.C RITERIA ................................................................................................................................................... 4-36B.P ROFESSIONAL J UDGMENT. ..................................................................................................................4-37C. A REA D IRECTOR R ESPONSIBILITIES. .............................................................................. 4-37 IX. CITING IN THE ALTERNATIVE ............................................................ 4-37 X. COMBINING AND GROUPING VIOLATIONS. ................................... 4-37A.C OMBINING. ..............................................................................................................................................4-37B.G ROUPING. ................................................................................................................................................4-38C. W HEN N OT TO G ROUP OR C OMBINE. ................................................................................................4-38 XI. HEALTH STANDARD VIOLATIONS ....................................................... 4-39A.C ITATION OF V ENTILATION S TANDARDS ......................................................................................... 4-39B.V IOLATIONS OF THE N OISE S TANDARD. ...........................................................................................4-40 XII. VIOLATIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION STANDARD(§1910.134). ....................................................................................................... XIII. VIOLATIONS OF AIR CONTAMINANT STANDARDS (§1910.1000) ... 4-43 4-43A.R EQUIREMENTS UNDER THE STANDARD: .................................................................................................. 4-43B.C LASSIFICATION OF V IOLATIONS OF A IR C ONTAMINANT S TANDARDS. ......................................... 4-43 XIV. CITING IMPROPER PERSONAL HYGIENE PRACTICES. ................... 4-45A.I NGESTION H AZARDS. .................................................................................................................................... 4-45B.A BSORPTION H AZARDS. ................................................................................................................................ 4-46C.W IPE S AMPLING. ............................................................................................................................................. 4-46D.C ITATION P OLICY ............................................................................................................................................ 4-46 XV. BIOLOGICAL MONITORING. ...................................................................... 4-47CHAPTER 5CASE FILE PREPARATION AND DOCUMENTATIONI.INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 5-1 II.INSPECTION CONDUCTED, CITATIONS BEING ISSUED. .................... 5-1A.OSHA-1 ................................................................................................................................... 5-1B.OSHA-1A. ............................................................................................................................... 5-1C. OSHA-1B. ................................................................................................................................ 5-2 III.INSPECTION CONDUCTED BUT NO CITATIONS ISSUED .................... 5-5 IV.NO INSPECTION ............................................................................................... 5-5 V. HEALTH INSPECTIONS. ................................................................................. 5-6A.D OCUMENT P OTENTIAL E XPOSURE. ............................................................................................................... 5-6B.E MPLOYER’S O CCUPATIONAL S AFETY AND H EALTH S YSTEM. ............................................................. 5-6 VI. AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES............................................................................. 5-8A.B URDEN OF P ROOF. .............................................................................................................................................. 5-8B.E XPLANATIONS. ..................................................................................................................................................... 5-8 VII. INTERVIEW STATEMENTS. ........................................................................ 5-10A.G ENERALLY. ......................................................................................................................................................... 5-10B.CSHO S SHALL OBTAIN WRITTEN STATEMENTS WHEN: .......................................................................... 5-10C.L ANGUAGE AND W ORDING OF S TATEMENT. ............................................................................................. 5-11D.R EFUSAL TO S IGN S TATEMENT ...................................................................................................................... 5-11E.V IDEO AND A UDIOTAPED S TATEMENTS. ..................................................................................................... 5-11F.A DMINISTRATIVE D EPOSITIONS. .............................................................................................5-11 VIII. PAPERWORK AND WRITTEN PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS. .......... 5-12 IX.GUIDELINES FOR CASE FILE DOCUMENTATION FOR USE WITH VIDEOTAPES AND AUDIOTAPES .............................................................. 5-12 X.CASE FILE ACTIVITY DIARY SHEET. ..................................................... 5-12 XI. CITATIONS. ..................................................................................................... 5-12A.S TATUTE OF L IMITATIONS. .............................................................................................................................. 5-13B.I SSUING C ITATIONS. ........................................................................................................................................... 5-13C.A MENDING/W ITHDRAWING C ITATIONS AND N OTIFICATION OF P ENALTIES. .................................. 5-13D.P ROCEDURES FOR A MENDING OR W ITHDRAWING C ITATIONS ............................................................ 5-14 XII. INSPECTION RECORDS. ............................................................................... 5-15A.G ENERALLY. ......................................................................................................................................................... 5-15B.R ELEASE OF I NSPECTION I NFORMATION ..................................................................................................... 5-15C. C LASSIFIED AND T RADE S ECRET I NFORMATION ...................................................................................... 5-16。

Unit 7 The sampler

Unit 7 The sampler(Greeting)ReviewFree talkDictationLeading-in★Before Reading1. Listening ComprehensionDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following sentences are true or false.frumenty: 牛奶麦粥raisin：葡萄干currant：（无核）葡萄干prune：洋李干puritan：清教徒disciple：门徒Christmas pudding originated as a 14th century "porridge" called frumenty that was made by boiling beef and mutton with raisins, currants, prunes, wines and spices. This would often be more like soup and was eaten as a fasting dish in preparation for the Christmas activities. By 1595 frumenty was evolving into plum pudding, having been thickened with eggs, breadcrumbs, dried fruit and given more flavor thanks to the addition of ale and spirits. In 1664 the pudding was banned by the Puritans describing it as a lewd custom and its rich ingredients as unfit for God-fearing people. In 1714 George I re-established it as part of the Christmas feast. By Victorian times Christmas puddings had evolved into something which looked similar to the ones enjoyed today. Over the years many customs have surrounded this popular festive dessert. It is said puddings should be made by the 25th Sunday after Trinity,prepared with 13 ingredients to represent Christ and His Disciples and that every member of the family take turns to stir the pudding with a wooden spoon from east to west in honor of the Three Kings.1. Christmas pudding originated in the 13th century.2. Puritans forbade people to have Christmas pudding in 1684.3. In 1714 George II re-established it as part of Christmas feast.4. Christmas pudding should contain 13 ingredients to represent Christ and His Disciples.5. Christmas pudding was once banned because it was not delicious.6. According to the custom, everyone in the family should take turns to stir the pudding from west to east.2. Warm-up Questions1. Who may feel unhappy on Christmas?Those without a family or those with serious family problems: poverty-stricken or chronically-unemployed family.2. Why Christmas can be a terrible moment for these people?3. Have you got the experience of spending an important festival on your own? If yes, how did it happen and how did you spend it?ReviewFree talkDictation3. Background InformationThe Christmas Season —Commercialization※In the ShopHistorically: from Dec.24 till after New Year’s DayTime: In England, from Dec.24 till Epiphany (主显节) (January 6) Main activity: a time for the family to get together, to talk, to sing, to exchange presentsIn modern time: a time of greater commercial activityTime: Early in November, shops decorate their departments for Christmas. Christmas has become a month of Christmas advertising.Main activity: do Christmas shoppingFor Christians, Christmas season lasts from Christmas Eve till after New Year’s Day or, especially in England, till Epiphany (主显节) (January 6). Most Westerners will decorate their homes, schools and offices for the holidays. And they will send Christmas cards to their friends and send them gifts as well. Commercially, the period is much longer. Stores usually begin to decorate their departments for Christmas in November. Special attention is paid to the shop windows designed to attract Christmas shoppers. Christmas has lost most of its religious significance. It has changed from a quiet day to be with family to a whole month of Christmas-gift buying season. And it has become a month of Christmas advertising. And all of this makes some people want to avoid Christmas altogether.※At Home –Christmas DinnerFood: turkey or goose / mashed white potatoes and maybe yellow sweet potatoes / minced pork and herbs cookedinside the turkey / puddingDinner time: one or two o’clock rather than right at noon a family dinner (maybe nearby relatives will beinvited to come over in the evening to see thechildren’s presents)In America, Christmas dinner is very much like a Thanksgiving Dinner. For meat, turkey is the most popular, but some families may have ham or something else. And of course, the father is the one to carve the turkey (to cut it into slices) or goose when it gets to the table. Then there’ll be potatoes, maybe mashed white potatoes and maybe yellow sweet potatoes, or both. Along with the turkey, there has to be a bread dressing made from small pieces of bread, minced pork and herbs cooked inside the turkey. And that’s why many people call it “bread stuffing”because it was stuffed (pushed hard) inside the turkey before it was baked. Then the juices from the turkey will be made into gravy to be poured over the potatoes, the dressing, and the meat.Pudding is a kind of dessert in western food; like a heavy cake. It is served after the main food of a dinner. Puddings are usually boiled or steamed. Christmas pudding is a special pudding made with dried fruit, which is served at dinner on Christmas day.Christmas dinner usually starts around one or two o’clock rather than right at noon, and no one is in a hurry to finish.Friends almost never drop in to visit on Christmas Day, since it’s a family holiday and no one really wants to be interrupted by someone coming to wish them a Merry Christmas. But maybe nearby relatives will be invited to come over in the evening to see the children’s presents and to snack on left-over Christmas Dinner.Old People in the WestMost people retire from work between the ages of 60 —65. This has two main consequences, one economic and the other psychological.Economically: Although retired people receive a pension from the government or from their past employers, it is often significantly less than they earned when they were working. Unless people have managed to save money during their years at work, their standard of living may decline dramatically when they retire.Psychologically: Old people in Western countries are generally considered useless, a burden on their families and on the public purse. They are hardly held in respect. On the other hand, most of them used to focusing on work, simply do not know how to relax or pursue other interest now that they have time to do so. They feel they “should”be working and contributing, because work was where they were respected and their skills recognized. As retired people, their self-confidence is diminished. The longer they are away from the work place, the keener grows a sense of being superfluous. Free SamplesStores use free samples as a “come-on”in competing forcustomers. If a store provides free samples of products, it’s likely that more people will shop there.Samples, usually of new foods and drinks, are given with the understanding that if you like them, you will buy them. It is not socially acceptable to continue to sample the same product time and time again without making a purchase.ReviewFree talkDictation◆Topic-related PredictionThe text is entitled The Sampler. Before you read the story, think about the answers to the following questions.1.When, where and what kinds of products can people go to sample?2.What kinds of people might take advantage of sampling?3.Why would they do that?◆DiscussionSometimes, good intention alone cannot make the others willing to accept your help. Instead, it may make you and the others feel embarrassed. Have you got this experience before? Please share it with your classmates.★Global ReadingPart1 (1-14):The introduction of background of the story and the theme —Some people took advantage offree sampling.Part2(15-29): An example: the description of how the old man sampled the pudding.Part3( 30-57): Climax: I wanted to help the old man but that hurt his dignity and I was embarrassed too.2. ScanningDirections: Scan for the exact meanings of pronouns.“Now there’s one old gentleman, for instance,” she told me, “he comes here almost every week and samples each one of the puddings, though he never buys anything, and I suspect he never will. I remember him from the last year and the year before that too. Well, let him come if he wants it, and welcome to it . And what’s more, I hope there are a lot more stores where he can go and get his share. He looks as if he needed it all right, and I suppose they can afford it .”he: the old manit: his coming and sampling the puddings / his samplinghis: the old man’s share of the privilegeit: to sample the puddingsthey: In the West, the pronoun “they”and “them”are often used to refer to a group of people opposed to “we”and “us”. For the common people, the word “they”often refers to bosses or the government with a slight overtone of hostility.it: his sampling without buying the puddingsReviewFree talkDictation3. Supply the Missing InformationDirections: Read the text carefully and supply the missing information to complete the following sentences1. The author offered to buy some puddings because2.The old was so that_3.The result of the author’s offer was that4.The old man bought himself one of the largest and most expensive of the puddings because5.The old man paid for the pudding by6. The author felt when he realized that because of his offer, the old man was forced into a purchase he couldn’t afford.7.From the old man’s “worn little black pocketbook”and the “shillings and pennies” in it, we can infer that4. Multiple Choice1.The narrator often wonders ______.A) why there are so many people during the Christmas seasonB) why most people look prosperousC) whether people will sample puddings when they have nointention to buy anyD) whether people can sample puddings before they makepurchase2. The shop girl is very ____ to the old man when he turns up inthe store.A) friendlyB) coldC) indifferentD) cruel3. The old man feels ______ when the narrator offers to buyhim some puddings.A) shockedB) happyC) puzzledD) bothered4.The old man has ______ in his worn little black pocketbook.A) some dollarsB) coinsC) a checkD) nothing5.The story may take place in ______.A) the United StatesB) GermanyC) FranceD) Britain5. Character AnalysisAlthough no details have been supplied in the story concerning the narrator, the shop girl and the elderly gentleman, we can get to know something about their personalities if we take a close look at how they acted, talked and felt as individuals. Now you are required to find the evidence in the text according to the adjectives given.old and poor :elderly; wrinkled face; poorly dressed; couldnot afford a pudding; having only coins in hisworn little black pocketbookshort and thin: the “little black figure”sensitive and dignified: “H e jumped back as if he had beenstung, and the blood rushed into hiswrinkled face.” denying knowing thenarrator “in a loud voice”and with“dignity”proud and wanting to save face: “forced” to buy one of thelargest and most expensiveof the puddings; keepingtrying to put the coins intothe shop girl’s hand; nevercoming back againwell-educated: his choice of words (e.g. I don’t think I havethe pleasure of knowing you.)kind-hearted & sympathetic：“Well, let him come if he wants it,and welcome to it.” She offered aspoon to the old man to samplethe pudding.polite：When she speaks of the old man, she uses theword “gentleman”.sympathetic: in a burst of benevolencestrategic & considerate: “Will you do me a favor?”ReviewFree talkDictation★Detailed ReadingThe author finds out that good intentions alone are not enough when his attempt to be kind to an old man leaves them both feeling worse than before.The SamplerI. V. MorrisIn a certain store where they sell puddings, a number of these delicious things are laid out in a row during the Christmas season. Here you may select (a small part representing the whole)the one which is most to your taste, and you are even allowed to sample them before coming to a decision. (有一家出售布丁的商店，每年圣诞节期间都把许多美味的食品摆成一排供顾客选购。

Agilent 7697A Headspace Sampler 数据手册

Agilent 7697A Headspace SamplerLeak Testing the Headspace SamplerParts Supplied 1Leak Check General Procedure 2Flow Paths 4Checking for External Leaks 6To Run the Restriction and Pressure Decay Test 8To Run the Cross Port Leak Test 18To Check for Leaks in the Transfer Line 22This document discusses leak testing in the headspace sampler (HS).Chromatographic symptoms such as loss of sensitivity can result fromleaks and restrictions. Use the following set of tests for verifying leaks andrestrictions within the HS. Verify that the GC is leak free before checkingfor leaks within the HS.Parts SuppliedTable 1G4556-67010 Leak Test KitDescription Part NumberLeak Test Kit•Leak Test Instruction Sheet/Quick Reference Guide •Blue leak test vial•six port valve cap•No hole ferrule•11-mm low bleed septa, 5 PK•Plug, 1/8-in tube fitting, nylon G4556-67010 G4556-90001 G4556-20600 G6600-80039 5181-7458 5182-3413 0100-2414Agilent 7697A Headspace SamplerLeak Check General ProcedureWhen checking for leaks, consider the system in three parts: external leak points, GC leak points, and HS leak points.•External leak points include the gas cylinder (or gas purifier), the regulator and its fittings, the supply shutoff valves, and the connections to the HS and GC supply fittings.•For GC leak points , refer to the GC user documentation.•HS leak points include the connections at the six port valve (sample loop and transfer line), the transfer line connection to the GC inlet, and the connections for the sampling probe.1Gather the following:•Electronic leak detector capable of detecting the gas type (Agilent part number G3388A).•7/16-inch, 9/16-inch, and 1/4-inch wrenches for tightening Swagelok and column fittings.•Leak test kit, Agilent part number G4556-67010. Includes: no hole ferrule, 11 mm low bleed septa, headspace (blue) leak test vial,1/8-in. nylon tube fitting plug, 1/16-in. stainless steel ZDV plug (six port valve cap).2Check any potential leak points associated with any recentmaintenance.3Check for external leaks. See "Checking for External Leaks".4Check the GC for leaks. See the GC user documentation.5Check HS fittings and connections that undergo thermal cycling, since thermal cycling tends to loosen some fitting types. Use the electronic leak detector to determine if a fitting is leaking.•Start by checking any newly made connections first.•Remember to check connections in the gas supply lines after changing traps or supply cylinders.WARNING Hydrogen (H2) is flammable and is an explosion hazard when mixed with air inan enclosed space (for example, a flow meter). Purge flow meters with inert gas as needed. Always measure gases individually.WARNING Hazardous sample may be present.Agilent 7697A Headspace Sampler 6Run the HS Restriction & pressure decay test. See To Run the Restrictionand Pressure Decay Test.7Run the HS Cross port leak test. See To Run the Cross Port Leak Test.Agilent 7697A Headspace SamplerFlow PathsFigure 1 and Figure 2 below show the flow paths within the headspacesampler (HS).Figure 1HS flow paths (standard installation)Agilent 7697A Headspace SamplerFigure 2HS flow paths with optional G4562A 7697A Carrier Gas EPC Module Accessory installedAgilent 7697A Headspace SamplerChecking for External LeaksFigure 3 below shows typical external leak points to check. Check allfittings and correct as needed.Figure 3External leak points (HC configured with GC carrier gas control, with optionalvalves and tee fittings shown)•Gas supply bulkhead fittings•Gas cylinder fittings•Regulator fittings•Traps•Shut-off valves (if installed, not included in ship kit)•Unions and tee fittings (if installed, not included in ship kit)•Transfer line connection to the GCPerform a pressure drop test.CAUTION A pressure decay test cuts off carrier flow through the HS and GC. To preventdamage to the flow path components (column, inlet liner, and so forth), cool the HSand GC before beginning.Agilent 7697A Headspace Sampler 1Cool the HS sample loop, transfer line, and GC inlet and column ovento prevent damage during the test.2Turn off the HS.3Set the regulator pressure to 415 kPa (60 psi).4Fully turn the regulator pressure adjustment knob counterclockwise to shut the valve.5Wait 5 min. If there is a measurable drop in pressure, there is a leak in the external connections. N o drop in pressure indicates that theexternal connections are not leaking.Agilent 7697A Headspace SamplerTo Run the Restriction and Pressure Decay TestThe built-in restriction and pressure decay test sequentially checks forrestrictions and leaks in the sampling system. The test checks for:•Restrictions in the sample probe•Restrictions in the vent line•Leaks around the sample probe•Leaks around the sample loop•Leaks in valves and in the six port valveThe test consists of several parts. If one part fails, the test reports thefailure and stops before attempting any subsequent parts. Correct theproblem, then re-run the test. Continue correcting problems and retestinguntil the test completes successfully.Before running the built-in leak check, check the GC for leaks. See "LeakCheck General Procedure" and the GC user documentation.1Gather the following:•Leak test kit (G4556-67010). Includes: six port valve cap(G6600-80039), no hole ferrule (5181-7458), blue leak test vial(G1290-20600), 1/8-inch N ylon Swagelok plug (0100-2414)•GC liner, O-ring, and septum as needed•3/16-inch wrench•7/16-inch wrench•1/4-inch wrench•5/16-inch wrench2If unsure of the quality of the GC inlet septum, liner, and liner O-ring, change them now. Refer to the GC user documentation for details.3Set the active method vial size to 20 mL. Press [Vial], scroll to Vial size, press [Mode/Type] to select the vial size from a list, then press [Enter].4Install a new septum into the blue leak test vial.5Place the blue leak test vial into priority position 1 (111 vial model) or into tray position 1 (12 vial model).Agilent 7697A Headspace Sampler6Set the carrier pressure to a low value.If using HS Control or GC Control:a Cool the GC inlet and column oven.b When cool, press [Carrier].c Set the carrier pressure setpoint to 14 kPa (2 psi). (If in a flowmode, reduce the flow setpoint until the carrier pressure is below14 kPa (2 psi).)If using GC + HS Control:•Press [Carrier], then reduce the flow setpoint until the carrier pressure is below 14 kPa (2 psi).•Leave the GC carrier pressure or flow unchanged.7Start the test. Press [Service Mode], select Restriction & pressure decay, then press [Enter].The test begins.The test displays information for the current action (for example,“Purging,” “Zeroing Pressure Sensor,” or “Moving Test Vial,” and the pressure and flow readings).See "If the test passes" or "If the test fails".8After the test passes, restore the instrument to operating condition.Agilent 7697A Headspace SamplerIf the test passesIf the test passes all stages, the sampling system is leak free. If stillexperiencing leak-like symptoms:•Check the transfer line.•Check the interface to the GC.•If not already done, check the GC. The HS leak test cannot test forleaks in the GC.If the test failsIf the test fails, the display provides:•The reading for the stage that failed (for example, leak rate or flowrate).•Command lines to toggle related valves (for example, a switching valve or the six port valve).SV1, SV2, PV1, or PV2: Scroll to this line and press [On/Yes] to turn on(energize) the valve, or [Off/No] to turn it off.Six-port valve: Scroll to this line and press [On/Yes] to switch the valve tothe load position, or [Off/No] to switch it to the inject position.• A selection to exit the test.Exit test?: Select this line then press [On/Yes] to abort the test.• A failure code.See the sections below for troubleshooting information for each stage ofthe test.Needle (Sample Probe) restriction test, stage 1: Vent CLOSED (INJECT) During this stage, the HS flow paths are as shown in Figure 4:Figure 4Flow paths: Needle restriction test, stage 1: Vent CLOSED (INJECT)In this stage, the displayed pressure reading should stabilize at some value. This is your baseline value. If the test fails this stage, check:•The sample probe• A leak causing no restriction valueNeedle (Sample Probe) restriction test, stage 2: Vent CLOSED (STANDBY) During this stage, the HS flow paths are as shown in Figure 5:Figure 5Flow paths: Needle restriction test, stage 2: Vent CLOSED (STANDBY)In this stage, the pressure should stabilize at a higher value than in stage 1, depending on your sample loop size. If the test fails this stage, check:•The sample probe•The sample loop or sample loop configurationNeedle (Sample Probe) restriction test, stage 3: Vent OPENDuring this stage, the HS flow paths are as shown in Figure 6:Figure 6Flow paths: Needle restriction test, stage 3: Vent OPENIn this stage, the pressure should drop to a very low value since the vent is open. If the test fails this stage, check:•The vent line•The vent valve (contact Agilent for service)Vial leak test, stage 1: Test up to SV1During this stage, the HS flow paths are as shown in Figure 7:Figure 7Flow paths: Vial leak test, stage 1: Test up to SV1If the test fails this stage, check:•SV1, the pressurization valve (contact Agilent for service)•The O-ring seats on the PCM module connection (contact Agilent for service)Vial leak test, stage 2: Test 6PORT (STANDBY)During this stage, the HS flow paths are as shown in Figure 8:Figure 8Flow paths: Vial leak test, stage 2: Test 6PORT (STANDBY)If the test fails this stage, check:•The vent valve. Cap the vent line and retest. If the test passes, contact Agilent for service. If the test fails again, the vent valve is operating properly.•The sample probe connections to the six port valve•The sample loop connections to the six port valve •Port 6 on the six port valveVial leak test, stage 3: Test 6PORT (INJECT)During this stage, the HS flow paths are as shown in Figure 9:Figure 9Flow paths: Vial leak test, stage 3: Test 6PORT (INJECT)If the test fails this stage, check:•The sample probe connections to the six port valve•Port 6 on the six port valveTo Run the Cross Port Leak TestRun the cross port leak test immediately after the HS passes therestriction and pressure decay test. See "To Run the Restriction andPressure Decay Test". These instructions assume that the HS is alreadyprepared and that the GC is leak-free.The built-in leak test sequentially checks for leaks across the six portvalve, from the carrier side to the vial pressurization side.The test consists of two parts. If one part fails, the test reports the failureand stops before attempting any subsequent parts. Correct the problem,then re-run the test. Continue correcting problems and retesting until thetest completes successfully.1Install a new septum into the blue leak test vial.2Place the blue leak test vial into priority position 1 (111 vial model) or into tray position 1 (12 vial model).3Set the carrier pressure to 172 kPa (25 psi).If using GC + HS Control:•Press [Carrier], then increase the flow setpoint until the carrierpressure is 172 kPa (25 psi).•Leave the GC carrier pressure or flow unchanged.4Start the test. Press [Service Mode], select Cross port leak test, then press [Enter].The test begins.The test displays information for the current activity (for example,venting or moving the test vial, and the pressure and calculated leakrates).To stop the test, press [Clear] during a purge step (monitor the HSdisplay). Otherwise, the test continues until it passes or fails.See "If the test passes" or "If the test fails".5After the test passes, restore the instrument to operating condition.If the test passesIf the test passes all stages, the sampling system is leak free. If stillexperiencing leak-like symptoms:•Check the transfer line.•Check the interface to the GC.•If not already done, check the GC. The HS leak test cannot test for leaks in the GC.If the test failsIf the test fails, the display provides:•The reading for the stage that failed (for example, leak rate or flow rate).•Command lines to toggle related valves (for example, a switching valve or the six port valve).SV1, SV2, PV1, or PV2: Scroll to this line and press [On/Yes] to turn on (energize) the valve, or [Off/No] to turn it off.Six-port valve: Scroll to this line and press [On/Yes] to switch the valve to the load position, or [Off/No] to switch it to the inject position.• A selection to exit the test.Exit test?: Select this line then press [On/Yes] to abort the test.• A failure codeSee the sections below for troubleshooting information for each stage of the test.Cross port leak test, stage 1: Test 6PORT (STANDBY)During this stage, the HS flow paths are as shown in Figure 10:Figure 10Flow paths: Cross port leak test, stage 1: Test 6PORT (STANDBY)If the test fails this stage, check:• A leak across six port valve ports 3 and 4, or 1 and 2. Replace the valve rotor.Agilent 7697A Headspace SamplerCross port leak test, stage 2: Test 6PORT (INJECT)During this stage, the HS flow paths are as shown in Figure 11:Figure 11Flow paths: Cross port leak test, stage 2: Test 6PORT (INJECT)If the test fails this stage, check:• A leak across six port valve ports 4 and 5, or 1 and 6. Replace thevalve rotor.Leak Testing the Headspace Sampler21Agilent TechnologiesWarrantyThe material contained in this document is provided “as is,” and is subject to being changed, without notice, in future editions. Further, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Agilent disclaims all warran-ties, either express or implied, with regard to this manual and any information contained herein, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or of any information contained herein. Should Agilent and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this document that conflict with these terms, the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control.© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2012Printed in USA and ChinaSecond edition, January 2012Agilent Technologies, Inc.2850 Centerville RoadWilmington, DE 19808-1610 USA安捷伦科技（上海）有限公司上海市浦东新区外高桥保税区英伦路412号联系电话：（800）820 3278G4556-90001*G4556-90001*To Check for Leaks in the Transfer Line•Check for leaks at the six port valve and interface connection to the GC.•Check for flow out of the transfer line fused silica. N o flow indicates broken fused silica.•Also consider other leaks in the GC inlet (liner, O-ring, septum and so forth).。

音乐流派中英文对照

音乐流派中英文对照第一篇：音乐流派中英文对照0=“Blues”;布鲁斯1=“ClassicRock”;经典摇滚2=“Country”;乡村3=“Dance”;舞曲4=“Disco”;迪斯科5=“Funk”;疯克6=“Grunge”;垃圾乐7=“Hip-Hop”;西哈8=“Jazz”;爵士9=“Metal”;金属10=“NewAge”;新世纪音乐12=“Other”;其他13=“Pop”;流行14=“R&B”RB15=“Rap”;饶舌17=“Rock”;摇滚19=“Industrial”;工业金属20=“Alternative”;另类21=“Ska”;ska22=“DeathMetal”;死亡金属26=“Ambient”;氛围流行27=“Trip-Hop”;triphop 28=“Vocal”;人声29=“Jazz+Funk”;爵士疯克31=“Trance”;trance32=“Classical”;古典33=“Instrumental”;纯乐器演奏34=“Acid”;酸性35=“House”;house舞曲36=“Game”;游戏乐39=“Noise”;噪音乐41=“Bass”;贝斯42=“Soul”;灵魂乐43=“Punk”;朋克44=“Space”;太空乐46=“InstrumentalPop”;器乐流行47=“InstrumentalRock”器乐摇滚49=“Gothic”;哥特50=“Darkwave”;暗潮51=“Techno-Industrial”技术工业摇滚;52=“Electronic”;电子乐53=“Pop-Folk”;流行民谣54=“Eurodance”;欧洲舞曲55=“Dream”;梦幻流行56=“SouthernRock”;南方摇滚57=“Comedy”;喜剧乐59=“Gangsta”;绑匪乐60=“T op40”;顶级4061=“ChristianRap”;基督饶舌62=“Pop/Funk”;流行/朋克63=“Jungle”丛林乐64=“NativeAmerican”;美国土著乐66=“NewWave”;新浪潮音乐68=“Rave”;锐舞71=“Lo-Fi”;低保真73=“AcidPunk”;酸性朋克74=“AcidJazz”;酸性爵士78=“Rock&Roll”;摇滚79=“HardRock”;硬摇滚/* Extended genres */80=“Folk”;民谣81=“Folk-Rock”;民谣摇滚82=“NationalFolk”;民谣83=“Swing”;摇摆乐86=“Latin”;拉丁乐88=“Celtic”;凯尔特音乐91=“GothicRock”;哥特摇滚92=“ProgessiveRock”;激进摇滚95=“SlowRock”;慢摇96=“BigBand”;大乐队97=“Chorus”;合唱99=“Acoustic”;不插电音乐103=“Opera”;歌剧104=“ChamberMusic”;室内音乐112=“Club”;俱乐部乐Tango“;探戈RhythmicSoul”;节奏灵魂乐Freestyle“;自由乐”PunkRock“;朋克摇滚”Euro-House“;欧洲house DanceHall”;舞厅乐Drum&Bass“;鼓与贝丝Hardcore”;硬核Terror“;恐怖Indie”;独立音乐BritPop“;英式摇滚”Beat“;打击乐”ChristianGangstaRap“;基督绑匪饶舌乐”HeavyMetal“;重金属”BlackMetal";黑金第二篇：音乐专业术语中英文对照Accordion 手风琴Aftertouch 触后Alto 女低音Amplitude 振幅Amplitude Modulation(AM)调幅Analogue 模拟的Anticipation 先现音Arpeggio 琶音，分解和弦Attack 起音Audio 音频Augmented 增音程，增和弦Ballade 叙事曲Band 波段，大乐队Banjo 班卓琴（美国民间乐器）Bank 音色库Baritone 男中音Barline 小节线Baroque 巴罗克Bass 贝司Bassoon 大管（巴松）Brass 铜管总称Cassette 卡座Cello 大提琴Channel 音色通道Choir 人声合唱Chord 和弦Chorus 合唱效果器Clarinet 单簧管Clef 谱号Combination 组合音色Compressor 压缩效果器Concerto 协奏曲Console 调音台Contrabass 低音提琴Ctrl 控制器Cymbal 镲，钹Decay 衰减Delay 延迟效果器Digital 数码的Diminished 减音程，减和弦Distorted 失真效果器Dolby NR 杜比降噪 Dominant 属音（和弦）Dot 附点Drum 鼓Duration 音符的时值Echo 回声，反射Effector 效果器Encore 返场加演曲目English Horn 英国管Enhance 增益Envelope 包络EQ(Equalizer)均衡器Exciter 激励器External 外置的，外部设备的Fade in 淡入Fade out 淡出Fantasia 幻想曲Filter 滤波器Flange 凸缘效果器Flat 降号Flute 长笛French Horn 圆号（法国号）Frequency 频率Frequency Modulation(FM)调频Fret 吉它指板Fretless Bass 无品贝司Grace Note 装饰音Grand Piano 三角钢琴Graphic 图解式的Guitar 吉它Harmonica 口琴Harmony 和声，和声学Harp 竖琴Harpsichord 古钢琴Instrument 乐器Intermezzo 间奏曲Internal 内置的，内部的Interval 音程Inversion 转位Key 调Keyboard 键盘Leading-note 导音LFO 低频震荡器 Loop 循环反复Lyric 歌词Major 大调的March 进行曲Measure 小节Metronome 节拍器Minor 小调的Modulation 调制Mordent 波音Monitor 监听Mono 单声道Multiple 多重，多轨Mute 静音Nocturne 夜曲Normalize 最大化波形Note 音符Nylon 尼龙弦吉它Oboe 双簧管Octave 八度Opera 歌剧Orchestral 交响乐团Organ 管风琴Overdrive 过载效果器Overture 序曲Pad 铺垫和弦Pan 相位Pattern 模板Pedal 踏板Percussion 打击乐Phase 相位调整Phones 耳机Piccolo 短笛Pitch 音高Pitch Bend 音高的滑动（推弦）Pizz String 弦乐器拨弦Playback 回放Polyphony 复调,复音数Prelude 前奏曲Quantize 量化Quartet 四重奏（唱）Quintet 五重奏（唱）Realtime 实时的 Recorder 竖笛Relative key 关系调Release 释音Renaissance 文艺复兴Reverb 混响Reverse 颠倒位置Rhapsody 狂想曲Sample 采样器Sample rate 采样率Sampler 采样器Sawtooth 锯齿波Sax 萨克斯Scale 音阶Score 谱面Serenade 小夜曲Sequencer 音序器Sharp 升号Sine 正弦波Sitar 西他（印度乐器）SMPTE 音视频同步码Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Soprano 女高音Spectrum 频谱Square 方型波Staff 五线谱Steel 钢弦吉它Stereo 立体声Strings 弦乐器Subdominant 下属音（和弦）Suspension 延留音Sustain 延音（踏板）Symphony 交响曲Synth 合成的Synthesizer 合成器Tab 吉它六线谱Tape 磁带Tempo 速度Tenor 男高音Timpani 定音鼓Tonica 主和弦Track 音轨 Transpose 移调Tremolo 颤音Trembone 长号Trio 三重奏（唱）Trumpet 小号Tuba 大号Turn 调音Velocity 触键力度Vibrato 颤音，振动Viola 中提琴Violin 小提琴Voice 声部Volume 音量Wah 哇音效果器Xylophone 木琴第三篇：中英文对照A《美国口语惯用法例句集粹》ＡA(Page 1-4)1.about1)2)3)4)5)6)7)I'd like to know what this is all about.我想知道这到底是怎么回事。

2025届上海市上海师范大学附属外国语中学英语高三第一学期期末考试试题含解析

2025届上海市上海师范大学附属外国语中学英语高三第一学期期末考试试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The government spokesman has to ________ his words before responding to reporters.A．pass B．weigh C．cover D．express2．The Internet is so much a part of our culture that it affects our lives by acting as a______ for face-to-face contacts.A．preference B．motivationC．substitute D．guideline3．Most graduates in big cities are suffering form connected to soaring house prices and job hunting.A．curiosity B．eagerness C．thirst D．anxiety4．In my opinion,_____ shouldn’t be any doubt that China will b ecome one of the most powerful countries in the near future．A．this B．that C．it D．there5．Only after talking to two students that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.A．I did discover B．did I discoverC．I discovered D．discovered6．The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living．A．that B．whenC．where D．which7．In the Name of People, a popular TV drama, shows a deep ________ on the fight against corruption.A．argument B．themeC．reflection D．impression8．Contrary to popular belief, taking a walk immediately after meals doesn’t _______ dogood to our health.A．necessarily B．specially C．directly D．constantly9．People tend to love agricultural products ________ without the use of fertilizers, pesticides or chemical additives.A．growing B．grownC．being grown D．having been grown10．—Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?—Oh, really! I haven’t ________ my mailbox yet.A．examined B．reviewed.C．tested D．checked11．---Alan seems a lot taller than when I last saw him.---He . He’s grown a foot since you saw him in Shanghai.A．is B．will beC．has been D．was12．The driver could have survived but he the seat belt.A．had been wearing B．hadn't worn C．was n’t wearing D．didn't wear 13．Dimash appeared on the stage of Singer 2017,his voice instantly won hearts of Chinese audience.A．As long as B．As soon as C．Now that D．Ever since14．_______ with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep. A．Occupying B．Being occupiedC．Occupied D．Having occupied15．— Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!—It doesn't matter. You see, accidents _____happen.A．shall B．should C．must D．will16．The climate conference was attended by 11,000 people, it the largest UN gathering ever held.A．making B．to make C．made D．to be making17．—What is your impression of your former colleague Nick?—He’s helpful, and he ________ give us a hand at work.A．must B．wouldC．may D．should18．The teacher spoke so fast that it was hard for the students to ______ what he was saying.A．take in B．take off C．take on D．take after19．John, ________ money was now no problem, started a new company with hisfriends.A．for whose B．of whoseC．of whom D．for whom20．I felt like giving up. I probably ________，but my Dad whispered, “Come on! Y ou can make it.”A．would have B．would C．should D．should have第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

产品说明书样本(英文版)

The first summarizeToday,internal sample of liquid dielectric in the oiltank is performed by ISO3170(GB/T4756-1998)《Petrol liquid product handicraft sample law》.It is impossibly to control accurately sample ually the sample will not be exact.Performing personnels will feel tired as usual because of hardwork.When rain or snow,climb oiltank that is a very dangerous job.When getting a sample at top of oiltank,easily volatile and noxious dielectric will injure someones，at one time，it will not be in favour of environment and the medium of oiltank will be polluted by other things from environment.For solving these problem, we have developed ” The auto control getting sample from oiltank” that according to 《ISO3170(GB/T4756-1998 criterion》,it has achieved that liquid sample at different level of oiltank will be sampled. The machine operation is very simply、very accurate、excellently repeated,it’s structure is simple and it will be install very easily. It will not pollute the environment too. The sample machine has been awarded nationalpatent and the second prize of the sino petrol & chemical industry automation vocation 2010 year. The auto co ntrol getting sample from oiltank , it’s structure is sample, it will be install very easily、it’soperation is very simply、very accurate and it will not pollute the environment. At present, it’s technology has been take the lead in the like product.We have gotten by the auto control getting sample from oiltank the patents and the credits that are:( 1 ) The liquid sample devicment from oiltank, the number of parent is ZL 02208233.6.( 2 ) The liquid sample from oiltank Multilayer frame means expansion of type of zero gravity, the number of parent is ZL 200820029965.3( 3 )The sample devicment of Multi-dimensional sampling valve, the number of parent is ZL 200620079363.X( 4 )The multichannel two globe valves, the number of parent is ZL 200720032338.0( 5 ) The nationalpatent and the second prize of the sino petrol & chemical industry automation vocation 2010 yearPatentee’s declaration:About the patents of oil tank sampler:( 1 ) The liquid sample devicment from oiltank, the number of parent is ZL 02208233.6.( 2 ) The liquid sample from oiltank Multilayer frame means expansion of type of zero gravity, the number of parent is ZL 200820029965.3( 3 )The sample devicment of Multi-dimensional sampling valve, the number of parent is ZL 200620079363.X( 4 )The multichannel two globe valves, the number of parentis ZL 200720032338.0The 4 items’s using right has been awarded to Lan zhou GuKe chemical plant & apparatus Co.,Ltd by patentee for manufacture and sale. If others will manufacture and sell them ,they will break the law, the patentee will inquire their responsibilityof law and call for economics compensation.The patentee’s signature:The designsketch in fact:The second sampler technology parameter:item parameterCarried standard ISO3170 GB/T 4756-1998《The petroleum liquid handicraft sample method》The third type of sampleThe fourth applicable rangeThe self-tuning oil tank sampler is applicable to liquid medium of oiltank in the petroleum and chemical industry and so on.(for example:gas、kerosene、diesel、white oil、naphtha、crude oil、all kinds of residuum、slops、asphalt、petroleum aromatics、various solvent、thick vitriol、organic acid、lye、beer and so on)’s upper sample、middles ample、lower sample、upper middles lowe’s 1:1:1 uniform combination sample and bottoms ample、exits samples、upper sample and so on.Setting sample at the especial location by users’s require.Can setting 9 point for maxize.The fiveth The self-tuning oil tank sampler’s characteristic and virtue1.Accurate sample locationThe sampler uses the patent technology” The liquid sample from oiltank Multilayer frame means expansion of type of zero gravity, the number of parent is ZL 200820029965.3”.We establish the database of multilayer frame means expansion manufacture parameter by more and more test. We can assure that our multilayer frame means expansion can conquerconnatural weak pointthat can not go up anddown in ratio ofequality by others.Assure every sample connection that been set in multilayer frame means expansion can automatically go up and down in ratio of equality with liquid level, to let it to truely get upper sample、middles ample、lower sample、upper middles lowe’s 1:1:1 uniform combination sample. If multilayer frame means expansion can go up and down in ratio of equality that will decide every connection’s definition of sample.For the drawing-1:the drawing-12. Independence of sample mediumThe sampler uses the patent technology” The sample devicment of Multi-dimensional sampling valve, the numberof parent is ZL 200620079363.X” that is independent shunting plant of multilayer sample in the valve. It can take sample of every location independently shunt to lofting valve and can mix upper sample、middles ample、lower sample by the rate of 1:1:1 and take it to lofting valve, sample personnel can get every independent sample and 1:1:1 uniform combination sample from lofting valve exit.3、Security and reliabilityA) The self-tuning oil tank sampler uses the patent technology” The multichannel two globe valves, the number of parent is ZL 200720032338.0”that can fast cut off the communication of guitar pipe and pipe of outside, make sure that mediu m of oiltank will not leak out.The globe valves’s button run reliably and accurately, it’s operation is simple and convenientB) The sampler only need be operated on the ground, and operationer need not climb to the top of oiltank to sample. Eliminate the danger of climbing in the rain or snow. Eliminate the danger when getting a sample at top of oiltank,easily volatile and noxious dielectric will injure someones. Take humanized and reliable environmental sample come true.4.Reasonable structure and simple operationThe sampler uses the patent technology” The sample devicment of Multi-dimensional sampling valve, the number of parent is ZL 200620079363.X”that take multilayer sample oil pipes scientifically and possibly combine into one of circular operation hand-actuated wheel. Operate the rated hand-actuated wheel to choice sample point. Take complex operation process to simple action.For drawing-2Drawing-25.Hes-cling structure and little leaking pointScience and reasonable The self-tuning oil tank sampler structure, Can the DuoGe sampling output line and a circulation return pipe road high oil chips in cluster. Make DuoGe independent sample line compact from a took over, the output to tank through within the operation of the DuoWei sampling valve ,This compact structure tell the DuoGe lofting, thus greatly reducing valve sealing the number of points. In normal conditions using zero leakage .For drawing-3For drawing-36.Sample pipe road has reverse wash function:The self-tuning oil tank sampler take SKC-HF structure circulating pump But through the cycle of the pump valve or reverse rotation oil change realize tank Sample pipe road, reverse through media Thus will CaiYangGuan way or tank sampling injector mesh on the plugging of dirt reverse wash to tanks, at any time to sampling the pipeline the cleaning 7.Replacement old way of the operation is simple:The self-tuning oil tank sampler used specially developed for sampling convenient and special two tee lofting valve, Made with a conversion between lofting cycle is very simple, just press the valve for the arrows spin an Angle start after circulating pump can.8.Convenient installation:The sampler can be set up special steam heating device, oil tank external sampler components have straight heat conduction heat tracing of. For drawing-4 Use electric heating, in the valve body sampler exclusively electric tracing band through the heating channel, the heating effect ideal. A heating device can be used for the sampler asphalt, and so easy as the medium tank.For drawing-49. Meet of the medium to samplingThe sampler can be set up special steam heating device, oil tank external sampler omponents have straight heat conduction heat tracing of. Use electric heating, in the valve body sampler exclusively electric tracing band through the heating channel, the heating effect ideal. A heating device can be used for the sampler asphalt, and so easy as the medium tank.The sixth． T he self-tuning the composition of the oil tank sampler The self-tuning oil tank sampler The composition of the oil tank sampler as shown in figure 5 shows1, extendable frame; 2, float group; 3, circulating pump 【 manual pump, pneumatic pump 】; 4, sampling combination tube; 5, sampling distribution device; 6, the integrated oil, a choice of the directional control valve, valve, sample combination distribution on a stop valve, no drop leak lofting valve combination together; 7, operation box; 8, adjustable bearing; under the plane 9,small tube resistance metal hoseFor drawing-5The seventh． working principleThe self-tuning oil tank sampler is through the float group in the expansion set drive tank with oil level within the truss and sample, the upper or lower, middle kind, samples and top samples (optional) sampling mouth all fixed in telescopic rack, telescopic frame in liquid is according to the proportion of sampling, ensure that came out of the position accuracy. The sampling location is determined according to the ISO3170 (GB/T4755 1998) "oil liquid product manual sampling method" regulation of sampling location of the design. For drawing-6 showsFor drawing-6Different sample position of the pipeline is independent sample through sampling combination tube transfer to oil chips, again through the DuoWei reversing valve handwheel control of their respective independent leads to the valve, again by lofting lofting valve control lofting or cycle will turn to cycle the valve, start lofting circulation pump can turn number after the part of the old way of pipeline to the bottom of the tank replacement cycle; And then the valve position to rotate lofting lofting, can get the export of lofting valve in the tank is a positionof the sample. Repeat the above。

坎特博雷故事

The C‎a nter‎b ury ‎T ales‎The ‎G ener‎a l Pr‎o logu‎e(An ‎E xcer‎p t)‎W han ‎t hat ‎A pril‎with‎his ‎s howr‎e s so‎o teT‎h e dr‎o ghte‎of M‎a rch ‎h ath ‎p erce‎d to ‎t he r‎o ote,‎And ‎b athe‎d eve‎r y ve‎y ne i‎n swi‎c h li‎c our‎O f wh‎i ch v‎e rtu ‎e ngen‎d red ‎i s th‎e flo‎u r;W‎h an Z‎e phir‎u s ee‎k wit‎h his‎swee‎t e br‎e eth‎I nspi‎r ed h‎a th i‎n eve‎r y ho‎l t an‎d hee‎t hTe‎n dre ‎c ropp‎e s, a‎n d th‎e yon‎g e so‎n neH‎a th i‎n the‎Ram ‎h is h‎a lve ‎c ours‎yron‎n eAn‎d sma‎l e fo‎w eles‎make‎n mel‎o dye,‎That‎slep‎e n al‎the ‎n yght‎with‎open‎ye(‎s o pr‎i keth‎hem ‎n atur‎e in ‎h ir c‎o rage‎s);T‎h anne‎long‎e n fo‎l k to‎seke‎n str‎a unge‎stro‎n des,‎To f‎e rne ‎h alwe‎s, ko‎w the ‎i n so‎n dry ‎l onde‎s;An‎d spe‎c iall‎y fro‎m eve‎r y sh‎i res ‎e nde‎O f En‎g elon‎d to ‎C aunt‎e rbur‎y the‎y wen‎d e,T‎h e ho‎o ly b‎l isfu‎l mar‎t ir f‎o r to‎seke‎,Tha‎t hem‎hath‎holp‎e n wh‎a n th‎a t th‎e y we‎r e se‎e ke. ‎B ifil‎that‎in t‎h at s‎e son ‎o n a ‎d ay,‎I n So‎u thwe‎r k at‎the ‎T abar‎d as ‎I lay‎Redy‎to w‎e nden‎on m‎y pil‎g ryma‎g eTo‎Caun‎t erbu‎r y wi‎t h fu‎l dev‎o ut c‎o rage‎,At ‎n yght‎was ‎c ome ‎i nto ‎t hat ‎h oste‎l rye‎W el n‎y ne a‎n d tw‎e nty ‎i n a ‎c ompa‎i gnye‎,Of ‎s ondr‎y fol‎k, by‎aven‎t ure ‎y fall‎eIn ‎f elaw‎a ship‎e, an‎d pil‎g rime‎s wer‎e the‎y all‎e,Th‎a t to‎w ard ‎C aunt‎e rbur‎y wol‎d en r‎y de.‎T he c‎h ambr‎e s an‎d the‎stab‎l es w‎e ren ‎w yde,‎And ‎w el w‎e wer‎e n es‎e d at‎t e be‎s te.‎A nd s‎h ortl‎y, wh‎a n th‎e son‎n e wa‎s to ‎r este‎,So ‎h adde‎I sp‎o ken ‎w ith ‎h em e‎v eric‎h onT‎h at I‎was ‎o f hi‎r fel‎a wesh‎i pe a‎n on,‎A nd m‎a de f‎o rwar‎d erl‎y for‎to r‎y se,‎T o ta‎k e ou‎r e we‎y the‎r as ‎I yow‎devy‎s e.B‎u t na‎t hele‎e s, w‎h il I‎have‎tyme‎and ‎s pace‎,Er ‎t hat ‎I fer‎t her ‎i n th‎i s ta‎l e pa‎c e,M‎e thy‎n keth‎it a‎c orda‎u nt t‎o res‎o unT‎o tel‎l e yo‎w al ‎t he c‎o ndic‎i oun‎O f ec‎h of ‎h em, ‎s o as‎it s‎e med ‎m e,A‎n d wh‎i che ‎t hey ‎w eren‎, and‎of w‎h at d‎e gree‎, And‎eek ‎i n wh‎a t ar‎r ay t‎h at t‎h ey w‎e re i‎n ne;‎A nd a‎t a k‎n yght‎than‎wol ‎I fir‎s t bi‎g ynne‎.A K‎n yght‎ther‎was,‎and ‎t hat ‎a wor‎t hy m‎a n,T‎h at f‎r o th‎e tym‎e tha‎t he ‎f irst‎biga‎nTo ‎r iden‎out,‎he l‎o ved ‎c hiva‎l rie,‎Trou‎t he a‎n d ho‎n our,‎fred‎o m an‎d cur‎t eisi‎e. Fu‎l wor‎t hy w‎a s he‎in h‎i s lo‎r des ‎w erre‎,And‎ther‎t o ha‎d de h‎e rid‎e n, n‎o man‎ferr‎e,As‎wel ‎i n cr‎i sten‎d om a‎s in ‎h ethe‎n esse‎,And‎ever‎e hon‎o ured‎for ‎h is w‎o rthy‎n esse‎.At ‎A lisa‎u ndre‎he w‎a s wh‎a n it‎was ‎w onne‎. Ful‎ofte‎tyme‎he h‎a dde ‎t he b‎o rd b‎i gonn‎e Abo‎v en a‎l l na‎c ions‎in P‎r uce;‎In L‎e ttow‎hadd‎e he ‎r eyse‎d and‎in r‎u ce,‎N o Cr‎i sten‎man ‎s o of‎t e of‎his ‎d egre‎e.In‎Gern‎a de a‎t the‎seeg‎e eek‎hadd‎e he ‎b eOf‎Alge‎z ir, ‎a nd r‎i den ‎i n Be‎l mary‎e.At‎Lyey‎s was‎he a‎n d at‎Sata‎l ye,‎W han ‎t hey ‎w ere ‎w onne‎; and‎in t‎h e Gr‎e te S‎e e At‎many‎a no‎b le a‎r mee ‎h adde‎he b‎e.At‎mort‎a l ba‎t aill‎e s ha‎d de h‎e bee‎n fif‎t ene,‎And ‎f ough‎t en f‎o r ou‎r e fe‎i th a‎t Tra‎m ysse‎n e In‎lyst‎e s th‎r ies,‎and ‎a y sl‎a yn h‎i s fo‎o.Th‎i s li‎k e wo‎r thy ‎k nygh‎t had‎d e be‎e n al‎s oSo‎m tyme‎with‎the ‎l ord ‎o f Pa‎l atye‎.And‎ever‎e moor‎e he ‎h adde‎a so‎v erey‎n pry‎s; An‎d tho‎u gh t‎h at h‎e wer‎e wor‎t hy, ‎h e wa‎s wys‎, And‎of h‎i s po‎r t as‎meek‎s as ‎i s a ‎m ayde‎.He ‎n ever‎e yet‎no v‎i leyn‎y e ne‎sayd‎eIn ‎a l hi‎s lyf‎unto‎no m‎a ner ‎w ight‎.He ‎w as a‎verr‎a y, p‎a rfit‎gent‎i l kn‎y ght.‎But,‎for ‎t o te‎l len ‎y ow o‎f his‎arra‎y,Hi‎s hor‎s wer‎e goo‎d e, b‎u t he‎was ‎n at g‎a y.O‎f fus‎t ian ‎h e we‎r ed a‎gypo‎nAl ‎b ismo‎t ered‎with‎his ‎h aber‎g eon,‎For ‎h e wa‎s lat‎e yco‎m e fr‎o m hi‎s via‎g e,A‎n d we‎n te f‎o r to‎doon‎his ‎p ilgr‎y mage‎.夏雨给‎大地带来了‎喜悦，‎送走了土壤‎干裂的三月‎，沐浴‎着草木的丝‎丝经络，‎顿时百花‎盛开，生机‎勃勃。

The Sampler

Unit Seven The SamplerI. New Words1.intention:n.purpose意图，目的，打算She went to Paris withthe intention of learningFrench.她想学法语而去巴黎。

I have no intention of coming to this terrible place again!我再也不想到这个糟糕的地方来了。

2.sample:vt.test a part of取样，抽样检查；try out体验The scientist sampled the spring waterand declared it beneficial to human being.科学家抽样检查了此矿泉水并声明它对人类的健康有益。

He sampled the pleasures of country life.他体验了乡村生活的乐趣。

3.purchase: n. buying 购买She made many purchases at the department store.她在百货公司买了很多东西。

4.advantage:n.profit, benefit利益，好处，优点There are several advantages in city life.都市生活有几个优点。

People often take advantage of him because he is so easygoing.因为他为人随和，人们经常利用他。

5.suspect:（1）v.feel doubt about.怀疑，猜想注：不用进行式It is eleven o’clock.I suspect he will not come.现在已十一点了，我猜想他不会来了。

The police suspected him of murder.警察怀疑他是凶手。

（2）compare suspectwith doubtsuspect:指在根据不足的情况下猜想，猜测，怀疑。

刘汉盛榜单100碟（个人整理版）知识讲解

刘汉盛榜单100碟（个人整理版）知识讲解刘汉盛榜单100碟(个人整理版)刘汉盛榜单100碟[APE]（附简介）刘汉盛榜单100碟曲目：第一部分（1－18）：音响二十要1 Crossover Cello金弦天碟GSCD 025－音响二十要之“音质”2 斯托科夫斯基:狂想曲集RCA 09026-61503-2－音响二十要之“音色”3 Flight of the Cosmic Hippo宇宙河马Ba Fleck&The Flecktones Warner Bros. 7599一26562一2－音响二十要之“高中低各频段量感的分布与控制力”4 布里顿:Noye's Fludde诺亚方舟布里顿亲自指挥London 436 397一2－音响二十要之“音场表现”5 金属制品Metal lica金属制品合唱团 Vertigo 510 022一2－音响二十要之“声音的密度与重量感”6 伊莎贝尔?安蒂娜:巴黎的忧郁De L'amour et des Hommes Les Disque du Cruscule VDP一15004－音响二十要之“透明感”7 Hovhaness: Celestial Gate天国之门Rudolf Werthen 指挥Fiamminghi Telarc CD一80392－音响二十要之“层次感”8 奇科?弗里曼(Chico Freeman):爵士使者(The Emissary) Clarity CCD一1015－音响二十要之“定位感”9 For Duke Bill Berry and his Ellington All一Stars Realtime RT1001－音响二十要之“活生感”10 Michel Jonasz: La Fabuleuse Bistoire de Mister Swing WEA 2282一42338一2－音响二十要之“结像力与形体感”11 竖琴世界(低频解析力) Marisa Rolbles，HarpDecca 433 869一2－音响二十要之“解析力”12 刘星:云南回忆(中阮协奏曲)阎惠昌指挥中央民族乐团，刘星中阮雨果HRP 737一2－音响二十要之“速度感与暂态反应”13 马勒:第六交响曲，悼亡儿之歌伯恩斯坦指挥维也纳爱乐，托马斯‘汉普森男中音DG 427 697一2－音响二十要之“强弱对比与动态对比”14 DuetsRob Wasserman与Aron Neville, Rickie Lee Jones Bobby McFerrin，Lou Reed，Jenifer Warner, Dan Hicks, Cheryl Bentyne, 5tephane Grappelli等八位合奏。

2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市中考英语模拟试题含答案

2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市中考英语模拟试题含答案考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

Ⅰ. 单项选择1、—Let’s volunteer our free time to help the people in trouble, sh all we?—OK, your idea ___________ great.A．tastes B．feels C．looks D．sounds2、--- I was told that Tom was charged with stealing the jewelry from the shop.--- It is just a misunderstanding. ________, he had nothing to do with the case.A．In fact B．As a result C．However D．Moreover3、We must firstly keep ourselves when we go travelling.A．safe B．serious C．smooth D．special4、Which is the sentence pattern of “I enjoy reading a lot .”A．S +V +O B．S + V +IO +DO C．S+V D．S+V +P5、_________ people attending the meeting is 2975 and about _________ are women．A．A number of , one fourth B．The number of, one fourthC．A number of, one fourths D．The number of, one fourths6、--- Let’s go swimming after school!---______. Call me at any time.A．Wait a moment B．Sounds goodC．That depends. D．What for7、This is one of the most interesting cities I have ever visited.A．who B．that C．which D．where8、一I'm considering how to my new job. Any suggestions?一It's only half an hour's walk, I advise you .A．to go; not to drive B．going; to driveC．to go; not driving D．going; not driving9、—Can I learn English well if I work hard on it from now on?—Sure. ___________ .A．One tree doesn’t make a forestB．It’s not work that kills, but worryC．Nothing is impossible to a willing heartD．Two heads are better than one10、-I have a problem. I don't know what to do.-Let's ask Dick for help. He can _________a good idea to solve your problem.A．think up B．give up C．hang out D．laugh atⅡ. 完形填空11、Once upon a time, there was an emperor. He 1 buying and looking at clothes. 2 he spent all his money in dress. One day, two brothers came to the city. They told the emperor that they could 3 beautiful clothes for him, but he must give 4 silk and gold. The brothers were 5 people. They 6 all the silk and gold for themselves. They told the emperor the clothes they made were special because only 7 people could see them. When the emperor 8 the clothes all he could see was his underwear(内衣). But he didn’t want people to think he was stupid(愚蠢),So he said the clothes were 9 . Then he walked around the city in his new clothes until one boy 10 "The emperor isn’t wearing any clothes!”1．A．loved B．hated C．stopped2．A．Though B．So C．Because3．A．buy B．make C．wash4．A．us B．him C．them5．A．kind B．bad C．good6．A．opened B．folded C．kept7．A．silly B．honest C．clever8．A．put on B．take off C．give away9．A．broken B．beautiful C．bright10．A．sang B．explained C．shoutedⅢ. 语法填空12、C．根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。