4425中文
医学检验常用术语
医学检验常用术语实验名称参考值RF(类风湿因子)0~20 IV/MLASO(抗链球菌溶血素“O”)0~200IV/MLCRP(C反应蛋白)0~8MG/DL尿MA(微量白蛋白)0~1.9mg/dL尿aM(微球蛋白)0~1.3mg/dL尿TRU(转铁蛋白)0~0.2mg/dL尿IgG(免疫球蛋白IgG)0~0.1mg/dLHBsAg(乙型肝炎病毒抗原)阴性anti-HCV(丙型肝炎病毒抗体)阴性RPR(梅毒快速血浆凝集素反应)阴性THPA(梅毒抗体检测)阴性抗结核抗体阴性AB 酸性磷酸酶AFP 甲胎蛋白A/G 白蛋白/球蛋白比值这只是一部分常见的还有遗传学检验和分子生物学检验、微生物检验等等...梅毒抗体试验(FTA-ABS) 阴性抗胰岛细胞抗体(ICA) 阴性AMSA 抗甲状腺微粒体抗体ANA 抗核抗体apoAl 载脂蛋白A1apoBloo 载脂蛋白B。
Aslr 天门冬酸转氨酶ASMA 抗平滑肌自身抗体α1-AT al航胰蛋白酶ATGA 抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体A1P 三磷酸腺苷ATT 阿斯匹林耐量试验BB 缓冲碱BBb 全血缓冲碱BBp 血浆缓冲碱BE 碱剩余(碱缺失)BPC 血小板计数BT 出血时间BUN 血尿素氮C02一CP 二氧化碳结合力ConA 刀豆凝集素ACPK 肌酸磷酸激酶cSF 脑脊液CRP C.反应蛋白Cr 凝血时间英文缩写中文意义DC 白细胞分类计数dsDNA 双股去氧化核糖核酸EGT 血浆乙醇凝胶试验EUSA 酶联免疫吸附试验ELT 优球蛋白溶解试验ERFT B花结形成试验ESR 血沉FDP 纤维蛋白(原)降解产物fg 血浆纤维蛋白原FM 纤维蛋白单体GHb 糖化血红蛋白GOT 谷一草转氨酶G-6一PD 葡萄糖-6.磷酸脱氢酶GPr 糖化血浆蛋白GPT 谷一丙转氨酶γ-GT γ-谷氨酰转肽酶GIT 葡萄糖耐量试验HAV 甲型肝炎病毒ESR 血沉FDP 纤维蛋白(原)降解产物fg 血浆纤维蛋白原FM 纤维蛋白单体GHb 糖化血红蛋白GOT谷一草转氨酶Hb 血红蛋白HBcAg 乙肝病毒核心抗原HBcAb 乙肝病毒核心抗体HBeAg 乙肝病毒e抗原HBeAb 乙肝病毒e抗体HBsAg 乙肝病毒表面抗原HBsAb 乙肝病毒表面抗体HBV 乙型肝炎病毒AJP(AKP) 碱性磷酸酶ALT(GOT) 丙氨酸转氨酶Am 淀粉酶HCT 红细胞压积(比积)HDL 高密度脂蛋白HDL-ch 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇IcG 靛氰绿潴留试验IFA 间接荧光抗体试验Ig(A、D、E、G) 免疫球蛋白(A、D、E、G) IHA 间接血凝试验Ⅱ黄疸指数KPTT 白陶土部分凝血活酶时间17-KS 17一酮类固醇ICA 扁豆凝集素LDH 乳酸脱氢酶LDL 低密度脂蛋白LDL-ch 嘛密度脂蛋白胆固醇LTT 淋巴细胞转化率SPE 特异性酯酶染色SIB 血清总胆红素STGT 简易凝血活酶生成试验SUN 血清尿素氨TBT 甲苯胺蓝纠正试验TC02 二氧化碳总量TG 血清甘油三酯TT 凝血酶原时间TTT 麝香草酚浊度试验、TXA2 血栓素UA 血清尿酶VLDL 极低密度脂蛋白WBC 白细胞计数补体C3 85~193mg/dL补体C4 12~36mg/dL脑脊液IgG 0~6mg/d脑脊液IgA <1.1mg/dL脑脊液IgM <0.7mg/dL尿MA(微量白蛋白)0~1.9mg/dL尿aM(微球蛋白)0~1.3mg/dL尿TRU(转铁蛋白)0~0.2mg/dL尿IgG(免疫球蛋白IgG)0~0.1mg/dLARDS 成人呼吸窘迫综合症CAP 社区获得性肺炎COPD 慢性阻塞性肺气肿IPF 特发性肺纤维化HAP 医院获得性肺炎PAP 肺泡蛋白质沉积症PIE 间质肺气肿PTE 肺栓塞TB 肺结核PCP 卡式肺囊虫肺炎AVB 房室传导阻滞Af 房颤ASD 房缺AI 主闭AS 主狭ASO 闭塞性动脉硬化AT 房速AMI 急性心梗AP 心绞痛APB 房早BBB 束支传导阻滞CHD冠心病CHF 充血性心衰CF心衰F3 法三F4 法四IHD 缺血性心脏病PDA 动脉导管未闭PS 肺狭PAT 阵发性房性心动过速MI 心梗MVP 二间瓣脱垂RBBB 右束支传导阻滞SSS 病态窦房结综合症SBE 亚急性感染性心内膜炎UA 不稳定性心绞痛VSD 室缺VDH 心脏瓣膜病ALT 成人T细胞白血病AA 再障AIHA 自身免疫性溶血性贫血CLL 慢淋CGN 慢粒DIC 弥漫性血管内凝血ITP 过敏性紫殿IDA 缺铁贫HD 霍奇金病PNH 阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿MM 多发性骨髓瘤MDS 骨髓增生异常综合症NHL 非霍奇金RAEB 难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多型TIP 血栓性血小板减少性紫殿AIH 自身免疫性肝炎AP 急性胰腺炎DU十二指肠溃疡ERC 内镜逆行胰胆管造影术FD 功能性消化不良GU 胃溃疡GERD 胃食管反流病HE 肝性脑病IBS 肠易激综合症IBD 炎症性肠病SAP 急性重症胰腺炎UC 溃疡性结肠炎WD 肝豆状核变性DM 糖尿病T2DM 2型糖尿病DR 糖尿病视网膜病变DN 糖尿病肾病DKA 糖尿病酮症酸中毒DLE 盘状红斑狼疮GD 甲亢GravesHNKHC 高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷IGT 糖耐量减低IDD 胰岛素依赖性糖尿病IIM 特发性炎症性肌病PKU 苯丙酮尿症MAS或POED 多发性骨纤维结构不良SSc 系统性硬化病SLE 系统性红斑狼疮AD 阿尔海默茨病ARF 急性肾功能不全AIN 急性间质性肾炎AGN 急性肾炎CGN 慢性肾炎CRF 慢性肾功能不全CIN 慢性间质性肾炎HIE 新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病PD 帕金森氏病PEM 蛋白质-热能营养不良PID 盆腔炎SCA 脊髓小脑共济失调MG 重症肌无力RA 类风湿关节炎TIA 短暂性脑缺血发作CAD CHV 冠心病HDL 高密度胆固醇LDL 低密度胆固醇AMI 急性心梗OMI 陈旧性心梗ACEI 降血压类药物通常,进行血常规化验时多取指尖血(或耳垂末梢血),血液检查的项目包括多项内容,这些化验指标的正常值具体分述如下:1.血细胞:成人每立方毫米5000~10000;1~5岁儿童约为8000~11000。
各国文字Unicode编码范围
[心得] 各種語系的unicode對應以及local編碼方式更改我的閱讀文章字型大小大小作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/7/4 下午03:06:14一.英文Unicode範圍: 0041-005A, 0061-007A (若含數字與符號,則為0021-007E)locale編碼: ANSI1. ANSIHTML charset: us-asciiRTF charset: 0編碼方式: 41-5A, 61-7A (若含數字與符號,則為21-7E)二.中文Unicode範圍: 2E80-2FDF, 3400-4DBF, 4E00-9FFF備註:F900-FAFF的相容型中文字碼,應轉至一般的中文字碼處理,31A0-31BF則為注音符號表locale編碼: 繁體中文有BIG5, CNS, 簡體中文為GB1.BIG5HTML charset: big5RTF charset: 136編碼方式: 雙byte語系, byte 1範圍為A1-FE, byte 2範圍為40-7E, A1-FE備註:big5+目前幾乎無人使用,故省略不提SHTML charset: 無(應為euc-tw或iso-2022-cn, 但IE並不支援)RTF charset: 無編碼方式: 多byte語系byte 1範圍為A1-FE時為2 byte編碼, byte 2範圍為A1-FEbyte 1為8E時, 為4 byte編碼, byte 2範圍為A1-B0, byte 3與byte 4範圍均為A1-FE備註: 4 byte編碼時, byte 2為A1與2 byte編碼之字碼相同(即第1字面), CNS目前只使用了7個字面, 因此byte 2實際使用範圍為A1-A7, 早期第15字面有放了一些字碼, 後來都已編入前7個字面內了3.GBHTML charset: gb2312, gbk, euc-cnRTF charset: 134編碼方式: 雙byte語系, byte 1範圍為81-FE, byte 2範圍為40-7E, 80-FE三.日文Unicode範圍: 3040-30FF, 31F0-31FF(混用中文字碼)備註:FF00-FFEF有半形日文,應轉至一般日文字碼處理locale編碼: Shift-JIS, EUC-JP1.Shift-JISHTML charset: shift_jis, x-sjis, iso-2022-jpRTF charset: 128編碼方式: 單/雙byte語系byte 1範圍為A1-DF時為1 byte編碼byte 1範圍為81-9F, E0-EF時為2 byte編碼, byte 2範圍為40-7E, 80-FC2.EUC-JPHTML charset: euc-jp, x-euc-jpRTF charset: 無編碼方式: 多byte語系byte 1為8E時, 為2 byte編碼, byte 2範圍為A1-DFbyte 1範圍為A1-FE時, 為2 byte編碼, byte 2範圍為A1-FEbyte 1為8F時為3 byte編碼, byte 2與byte 3範圍均為A1-FE備註: IE不支援3 byte編碼部份四.韓文Unicode範圍: 1100-11FF, 3130-318F, AC00-D7AF(混用中文字碼)備註:FF00-FFEF有半形韓文,應轉至一般韓文字碼處理locale編碼: Johab, EUC-KR1.JohabHTML charset: johabRTF charset: 130編碼方式: 雙byte語系byte 1範圍為84-D3時, byte 2範圍為41-7E, 81-FEbyte 1範圍為D8-DE, E0-FE時, byte 2範圍為31-7E, 91-FE2.EUC-KRHTML charset: euc-kr, iso-2022-krRTF charset: 129編碼方式: 雙byte語系, byte 1範圍為A1-FE, byte 2範圍為A1-FE五.阿拉伯文Unicode範圍: 0600-06FF, 0750-077Flocale編碼: Windows1.WindowsHTML charset: windows-1256RTF charset: 178編碼方式: 1 byte語系作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/7/4 下午03:07:01六.泰文Unicode範圍: 0E00-0E7Flocale編碼: Windows1.WindowsHTML charset: windows-874RTF charset: 222編碼方式: 1 byte語系七.俄文Unicode範圍: 0400-052F (西里爾文)locale編碼: Windows, ISO, KOI8-U, KOI8-R1.WindowsHTML charset: windows-1251RTF charset: 204編碼方式: 1 byte語系2.ISOHTML charset: iso-8859-5RTF charset: 無編碼方式: 1 byte語系3.KOI8-UHTML charset: koi8-uRTF charset: 無編碼方式: 1 byte語系4.KOI8-RHTML charset: koi8-rRTF charset: 無編碼方式: 1 byte語系八.德文/法文Unicode範圍: 00C0-00FF(混用英文字母)備註:字母上面有2點者為德文, 字母上面有重音符號者為法文locale編碼: ANSI1.ANSIHTML charset: iso-8859-1, windows-1252RTF charset: 0編碼方式: 1 byte語系九.印尼文/馬來西亞文Unicode範圍: 同英文, 為拼音語系locale編碼: 同英文十.其他希臘文,土耳其文,希伯來文,中歐拉丁語文,越南文等尚在研究中...作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/11 下午08:49:11十.中歐語系Unicode範圍(拉丁語文): 00C0-02AF, 1E00-1EFF(混用英文)locale編碼: Windows, ISO1.WindowsHTML charset: windows-1250RTF charset: 238編碼方式: 1 byte語系2.ISOHTML charset: iso-8859-2RTF charset: 無編碼方式: 1 byte語系十一.希臘文Unicode範圍: 0370-03FF, 1F00-1FFF, 2C80-2CFFlocale編碼: Windows1.WindowsHTML charset: windows-1253, iso8859-7 (後者IE不支援)RTF charset: 161編碼方式: 1 byte語系十二.希伯來文Unicode範圍: 0590-05FFlocale編碼: Windows1.WindowsHTML charset: windows-1255, iso8859-8 (後者IE不支援)RTF charset: 177編碼方式: 1 byte語系十三.土耳其文Unicode範圍: 同拉丁語文(混用英文)locale編碼: Windows1.WindowsHTML charset: windows-1254, iso8859-9 (後者IE不支援)RTF charset: 162編碼方式: 1 byte語系作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/11 下午08:49:59*** Unicode語系字碼分佈表英文0041-005A, 0061-007A中文2E80-2FDF, 3100-312F, 3400-4DBF, 4E00-9FFF, F900-FAFF日文3040-30FF, 31F0-31FF韓文1100-11FF, 3130-318F, AC00-D7AF泰文0E00-0E7F寮文0E80-0EFF藏文0F00-0FFF彝文A000-A4CF蒙古文1800-18AF緬甸文1000-109F高棉文1780-17FF拉丁文(Latin) 00C0-02AF, 1E00-1EFF希臘文(Greek) 0370-03FF, 1F00-1FFF, 2C80-2CFF希伯來文(Hebrew) 0590-05FF阿拉伯文(Arabic) 0600-06FF, 0750-077F敘利亞文(Syriac) 0700-074F西里爾文(Cyrillic), 0400-052F亞美尼亞文(Armenian) 0530-058F孟加拉文(Bengali) 0980-09FF僧伽羅文(Sinhala,斯里蘭卡文) 0D80-0DFF喬治亞文(Georgian,英國古文) 10A0-10FF, 2D00-2D2F歐甘文(Ogham,愛爾蘭文) 1680-169F如尼文(Runic,北歐古文) 16A0-16FF塔納文(Thaana,一種印度文) 0780-07BF比哈文(Syloti Nagri,一種印度文) A800-A82F林布文(Limbu,一種印度文) 1900-194F布吉文(Buginese,一種印度文) 1A00-1A1F奧里雅文(Oriya,一種印度文) 0B00-0B7F泰米爾文(Tamil,一種印度文) 0B80-0BFF泰盧固文(Telugu,一種印度文) 0C00-0C7F卡納達文(Kannada,一種印度文) 0C80-0CFF天城體梵文(Devanagari,一種印度文) 0900-097F古爾穆基文(Gurmukhi,一種印度文) 0A00-0A7F古吉拉特文(Gujarati,一種印度文) 0A80-0AFF馬拉雅拉姆文(Malayalam,一種印度文) 0D00-0D7F他加祿文(Tagalog,一種菲律賓文) 1700-171F漢奴勞文(Hanunoo,一種菲律賓文) 1720-173FBuhid(一種菲律賓文) 1740-175FTagbanwa(一種菲律賓文) 1760-177F徹羅基文(Cherokee,美國印弟安文) 13A0-13FFTai Le(中緬邊境民族文) 1950-197F新傣文(中國少數民族文) 1980-19DF格拉哥里文(Glagolitic,一種斯拉夫文) 2C00-2C5F衣索比亞文(Ethiopic) 1200-139F, 2D80-2DDF提非納文(Tifinagh,一種衣索匹亞文) 2D30-2D7F作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/11 下午08:51:54*** Unicode字碼分佈表0000-007F C0 Control and Basic Latin, 標準ANSI字元0080-00FF C1 Control and Latin-1 Supplement, 控制碼與拉丁文0100-024F Latin Extended, 拉丁文0250-02AF IPA Extensions, 拉丁文02B0-02FF Spacing Modifier Letters, 符號0300-036F Combining Diacritical Marks, 組合記號0370-03FF Greek and Coptic, 希臘文與科普特文0400-052F Cyrillic, 西里爾文0530-058F Armenian, 亞美尼亞文0590-05FF Hebrew, 希伯來文0600-06FF Arabic, 阿拉伯文0700-074F Syriac, 敘利亞文0750-077F Arabic Supplement, 阿拉伯文0780-07BF Thaana, 塔納文(一種印度文)07C0-07FF 保留0900-097F Devanagari, 天城體梵文(一種印度文)0980-09FF Bengali, 孟加拉文0A00-0A7F Gurmukhi, 古爾穆基文(一種印度文)0A80-0AFF Gujarati, 古吉拉特文(一種印度文)0B00-0B7F Oriya, 奧里雅文(一種印度文)0B80-0BFF Tamil, 泰米爾文(一種印度文)0C00-0C7F Telugu, 泰盧固文(一種印度文)0C80-0CFF Kannada, 卡納達文(一種印度文)0D00-0D7F Malayalam, 馬拉雅拉姆文(一種印度文)0D80-0DFF Sinhala, 僧伽羅文(斯里蘭卡文)0E00-0E7F Thai, 泰文0E80-0EFF Lao, 寮文0F00-0FFF Tibetan, 藏文1000-109F Myanmar, 緬甸文10A0-10FF Georgian, 喬治亞文(英國古文)1100-11FF Hangul Jamo, 韓文1200-139F Ethiopic, 衣索比亞文13A0-13FF Cherokee, 徹羅基文(美國印弟安文)1400-167F Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics, 加拿大土語音節符號1680-169F Ogham, 歐甘文(愛爾蘭文)16A0-16FF Runic, 如尼文(北歐古文)1700-171F Tagalog, 他加祿文(一種菲律賓文)1720-173F Hanunoo, 漢奴勞文(一種菲律賓文)1740-175F Buhid, (一種菲律賓文)1760-177F Tagbanwa, (一種菲律賓文)1780-17FF Khmer, 高棉文1800-18AF Mongolian, 蒙古文18B0-18FF 保留1900-194F Limbu, 林布文(一種印度文)1950-197F Tai Le, (中緬邊境民族文)1980-19DF New Tai Lue, 新傣文(中國少數民族文)19E0-19FF Khmer Symbols, 高棉文符號1A00-1A1F Buginese, 布吉文(一種印度文)1A20-1CFF 保留1D00-1DBF Phonetic Extensions, 音標符號1DC0-1DFF Combining Diacritical Marks Supplement, 組合記號1E00-1EFF Latin Extended Additional, 拉丁文1F00-1FFF Greek Extended, 希臘文2000-206F General Punctuation, 標點符號2070-209F Superscripts and Subscripts, 上下標符號20A0-20CF Currency Symbols, 貨幣符號20D0-20FF Combining Diacritical Marks for Symbols, 符號用組合記號2100-214F Letterlike Symbols, 似字母符號2150-218F Number Forms, 數字符號2190-21FF Arrows, 箭頭符號作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/11 下午08:52:262200-22FF Mathematical Operators, 數學運算符號2300-23FF Miscellaneous Technical, 特殊符號2400-243F Control Pictures, 控制記號2440-245F Optical Character Recognition, 光學字元識別符號2460-24FF Enclosed Alphanumerics, 括號字母數字符號2500-257F Box Drawing, 表格符號2580-259F Block Elements, 區塊符號25A0-25FF Geometric Shapes, 幾何圖形符號2600-26FF Miscellaneous Symbols, 其他符號2700-27BF Dingbats, 前導符號27C0-27EF Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-A, 數學符號27F0-27FF Supplemental Arrows-A, 箭頭符號2800-28FF Braille Patterns, 盲文(點字符號)2900-297F Supplemental Arrows-B, 箭頭符號2980-29FF Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B, 數學符號2A00-2AFF Supplemental Mathematical Operators, 數學運算符號2B00-2BFF Miscellaneous Symbols and Arrows, 箭頭符號2C00-2C5F Glagolitic, 格拉哥里文(一種斯拉夫文)2C80-2CFF Coptic, 科普特文(一種埃及文)2D00-2D2F Georgian Supplement, 喬治亞文(英國古文)2D30-2D7F Tifinagh, 提非納文(一種衣索匹亞文)2D80-2DDF Ethiopic Extended, 衣索匹亞文2DE0-2DFF 保留2E00-2E7F Supplemental Punctuation, 標點符號2E80-2EFF CJK Radicals Supplement, 中文部首2F00-2FDF Kangxi Radicals, 中文部首2FF0-2FFF Ideographic Description Characters, 漢字結構描述符號3000-303F CJK Symbols and Punctuation, 中日韓符號3040-309F Hiragana, 日文平假名30A0-30FF Katakana, 日文片假名3100-312F Bopomofo, 中文注音符號3130-318F Hangul Compatibility Jamo, 韓文3190-319F Kanbun, 中文上下標31A0-31BF Bopomofo Extended, 中文注音符號31C0-31EF CJK Strokes, 中文筆劃符號31F0-31FF Katakana Phonetic Extensions, 日文片假名3200-33FF Enclosed CJK Letters and Months, 中日韓組合符號字3400-4DBF CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A, 中文4DC0-4DFF Yijing Hexagram Symbols, 易經符號4E00-9FFF CJK Unified Ideographs, 中文A000-A4CF Yi, 彝文A4D0-A6FF 保留A700-A71F Modifier Tone Letters, 音標符號A720-A7FF 保留A800-A82F Syloti Nagri, 比哈文(一種印度文)A830-A8FF 保留AC00-D7AF Hangul Syllables, 韓文D780-D7FF 保留D800-DFFF Surrogates, UTF-16相容保留區E000-F8FF Private Use Area, 自造字專用區F900-FAFF CJK Compatibility Ideographs, 中文作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/11 下午08:52:45FB00-FB4F Alphabetic Presentation Forms, 字母變體顯現形式FB50-FDFF Arabic Presentation Forms-A, 阿拉伯文變體顯現形式FE00-FE0F Variation Selectors, 字型變換選取器符號FE10-FE1F Vertical Forms, 中文直排符號FE20-FE2F Combining Half Marks, 組合記號FE30-FE4F CJK Compatibility Forms, 中文直排符號FE50-FE6F Small Form Variants, 標點符號FE70-FEFF Arabic Presentation Forms-B, 阿拉伯文變體顯現形式FF00-FFEF Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms, 半形及全形字符FFF0-FFFF Specials, 特殊保留區作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/12 下午07:19:55*** code page編號一覽表37: US-Canada (IBM EBCDIC)367: 西歐語系/英文(ibm)437: 英文OEM/西歐語系-Euro (dos)500: 波羅的海文(dos)708: 阿拉伯文ASMO 708720: 阿拉伯文dos737: 希臘文windows (dos)775: 波羅的海文(dos)819: 西歐語系(ibm)850: 西歐語系(dos)852: 中歐語系dos855: 斯拉夫語系857: 土耳其文(dos)858: 西歐語系+Euro (dos)860: 葡萄牙文(dos)861: 冰島文(dos)862: 希伯來文dos863: French/Canada (dos)864: 阿拉伯文dos865: 日耳曼語系/挪威文(dos)866: 俄文dos869: 希臘文(modern) (dos)870: Multilingual Latin-2 (IBM EBCDIC) 874: 泰文(dos/windows)875: 希臘文(modern) (IBM EBCDIC) 932: 日文shift-jis936: 簡體中文gb949: 韓文euc-kr950: 繁體中文big51026: 土耳其文+Latin5 (IBM EBCDIC) 1140: US-Canada (Euro) (IBM EBCDIC) 1141: 德文(Euro) (IBM EBCDIC) 1142: 丹麥/挪威(Euro) (IBM EBCDIC) 1143: 芬蘭/瑞典(Euro) (IBM EBCDIC) 1144: 義大利文(Euro) (IBM EBCDIC) 1145: 西班牙文(Euro) (IBM EBCDIC) 1146: UK (Euro) (IBM EBCDIC)1147: 法文(Euro) (IBM EBCDIC) 1148: International-Euro (IBM EBCDIC) 1149: 冰島文(Euro) (IBM EBCDIC)1200: unicode (小印第安格式)1201: unicode (大印第安格式)1250: 中歐語系windows1251: 斯拉夫語系/俄文windows 1252: 西歐語系(windows)1253: 希臘文windows (windows) 1254: 土耳其文(windows)1255: 希伯來文windows (windows)1256: 阿拉伯文windows1257: 波羅的海文windows1258: 越南文(windows)1361: 韓文johab10000: 西歐語系(mac)10001: 日文(mac)10002: 繁體中文big5 (mac)10003: 韓文(mac)10004: 阿拉伯文(mac)10005: 希伯來文(mac)10006: 希臘文(mac)10007: 斯拉夫語系/俄文(mac)10008: 簡體中文gb (mac)10029: 中歐語系(mac)10079: 冰島文(mac)10081: 土耳其文(mac)20000: 繁體中文CNS20002: 繁體中文big5 (倚天)20105: 西歐語系(IA5)20106: 德文(IA5)20107: 瑞典文(IA5)20108: 挪威文(IA5)20127: US-ASCII作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/12 下午07:20:3220273: 德文(IBM EBCDIC)20277: 丹麥/挪威(IBM EBCDIC)20278: 芬蘭/瑞典(IBM EBCDIC)20280: 義大利文(IBM EBCDIC)20284: 西班牙文(IBM EBCDIC)20285: UK (IBM EBCDIC)20290: 日文shift-jis (IBM EBCDIC)20423: 希臘文(IBM EBCDIC)20424: 希伯來文(IBM EBCDIC)20833: 韓文擴充(IBM EBCDIC)20838: 泰文(IBM EBCDIC)20866: 俄文koi8-r20871: 冰島文(IBM EBCDIC)20880: 俄文(IBM EBCDIC)20905: 土耳其文(IBM EBCDIC)21025: Serbian-Bulgarian (IBM EBCDIC)21866: 俄文koi8-u28591: (iso-8859-1) 西歐語系(Latin 1)28592: (iso-8859-2) 中歐語系iso (Latin 2)28593: (iso-8859-3) 南歐語系(Latin 3)28594: (iso-8859-4) 北歐語系/波羅的海文iso (Latin 4) 28595: (iso-8859-5) 斯拉夫語系/俄文iso28596: (iso-8859-6) 阿拉伯文iso28597: (iso-8859-7) 希臘文iso28598: (iso-8859-8) 希伯來文iso (visual)28599: (iso-8859-9) 土耳其文(Latin 5)28600: (iso-8859-10) 北歐語系(Latin 6)28601: (iso-8859-11) 泰文28602: (iso-8859-12) 保留(原預定為印度天城體梵文) 28603: (iso-8859-13) 波羅的海文(Latin 7)28604: (iso-8859-14) Celtic (Latin 8)28605: (iso-8859-15) Latin 928606: (iso-8859-16) 東南歐語系(Latin 10)29001: Europa38598: 希伯來文iso (logical)50000: 使用者定義50220: 日文jis50221: 日文jis+1 byte Kana50222: 日文jis+esc序列50225: 韓文euc-kr (iso)50930: 日文(IBM EBCDIC)50931: 日文+加拿大文(IBM EBCDIC)50932: 日文自動選擇50933: 韓文(IBM EBCDIC)50935: 簡體中文(IBM EBCDIC)50939: 日文+拉丁文(IBM EBCDIC)50949: 韓文自動選擇51932: 日文euc-jp51936: 簡體中文gb51949: 韓文euc-kr (euc)52936: 簡體中文hz57002: Devanagari (ISCII)57003: Bengali (ISCII)57004: Tamil (ISCII)57005: Telugu (ISCII)57006: Assamese (ISCII)57007: Oriya (ISCII)57008: Kannada (ISCII)57009: Malayalam (ISCII)57010: Gujarathi (ISCII)57011: Panjabi (ISCII)65000: utf-765001: utf-8註:標示Euro表示有Euro符號參考資料:http://www.destructor.de/firebird/charsets.htm/chinese/topic/lcr-3.html/globaldev/reference/cphome.mspxMSDN/HTML Character Sets/Character Set Recognition作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/17 下午07:20:05*** Oracle OCI Database Charset ID一覽表1 US7ASCII (ASCII 7-bit American)2 WE8DEC (DEC 8-bit West European)3 WE8HP (HP LaserJet 8-bit West European)4 US8PC437 (IBM-PC Code Page 437 8-bit American)5 WE8EBCDIC37 (EBCDIC Code Page 37 8-bit West European)6 WE8EBCDIC500 (EBCDIC Code Page 500 8-bit West European)7 WE8EBCDIC1140 (EBCDIC Code Page 1140 8-bit West European)8 WE8EBCDIC285 (EBCDIC Code Page 285 8-bit West European)9 WE8EBCDIC1146 (EBCDIC Code Page 1146 8-bit West European)10 WE8PC850 (IBM-PC Code Page 850 8-bit West European)11 D7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit German)12 F7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit French)13 S7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit Swedish)14 E7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit Spanish)15 SF7ASCII (ASCII 7-bit Finnish)16 NDK7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit Norwegian/Danish)17 I7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit Italian)18 NL7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit Dutch)19 CH7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit Swiss (German/French))20 YUG7ASCII (ASCII 7-bit Yugoslavian)21 SF7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit Finnish)22 TR7DEC (DEC VT100 7-bit Turkish)23 IW7IS960 (Israeli Standard 960 7-bit Latin/Hebrew)25 IN8ISCII (Multiple-Script Indian Standard 8-bit Latin/Indian)27 WE8EBCDIC1148 (EBCDIC Code Page 1148 8-bit West European)28 WE8PC858 (IBM-PC Code Page 858 8-bit West European)31 WE8ISO8859P1 (ISO 8859-1 West European)32 EE8ISO8859P2 (ISO 8859-2 East European)33 SE8ISO8859P3 (ISO 8859-3 South European)34 NEE8ISO8859P4 (ISO 8859-4 North and North-East European)35 CL8ISO8859P5 (ISO 8859-5 Latin/Cyrillic)36 AR8ISO8859P6 (ISO 8859-6 Latin/Arabic)37 EL8ISO8859P7 (ISO 8859-7 Latin/Greek)38 IW8ISO8859P8 (ISO 8859-8 Latin/Hebrew)39 WE8ISO8859P9 (ISO 8859-9 West European & Turkish)40 NE8ISO8859P10 (ISO 8859-10 North European)41 TH8TISASCII (Thai Industrial Standard 620-2533 - ASCII 8-bit)42 TH8TISEBCDIC (Thai Industrial Standard 620-2533 - EBCDIC 8-bit)43 BN8BSCII (Bangladesh National Code 8-bit BSCII)44 VN8VN3 (8-bit Vietnamese)作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/17 下午07:20:4445 VN8MSWIN1258 (MS Windows Code Page 1258 8-bit Vietnamese)46 WE8ISO8859P15 (ISO 8859-15 West European)47 BLT8ISO8859P13 (ISO 8859-13 Baltic)48 CEL8ISO8859P14 (ISO 8859-13 Celtic)49 CL8ISOIR111 (ISOIR111 Cyrillic)50 WE8NEXTSTEP (NeXTSTEP PostScript 8-bit West European)51 CL8KOI8U (KOI8 Ukrainian Cyrillic)61 AR8ASMO708PLUS (ASMO 708 Plus 8-bit Latin/Arabic)70 AR8EBCDICX (EBCDIC XBASIC Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)72 AR8XBASIC (XBASIC 8-bit Latin/Arabic)81 EL8DEC (DEC 8-bit Latin/Greek)82 TR8DEC (DEC 8-bit Turkish)90 WE8EBCDIC37C (EBCDIC Code Page 37 8-bit Oracle/c)91 WE8EBCDIC500C (EBCDIC Code Page 500 8-bit Oracle/c)92 IW8EBCDIC424 (EBCDIC Code Page 424 8-bit Latin/Hebrew)93 TR8EBCDIC1026 (EBCDIC Code Page 1026 8-bit Turkish)94 WE8EBCDIC871 (EBCDIC Code Page 871 8-bit Icelandic)95 WE8EBCDIC284 (EBCDIC Code Page 284 8-bit Latin American/Spanish)96 WE8EBCDIC1047 (EBCDIC Code Page 1047 8-bit West European)97 WE8EBCDIC1140C (EBCDIC Code Page 1140 Client 8-bit West European)98 WE8EBCDIC1145 (EBCDIC Code Page 1145 8-bit West European)99 WE8EBCDIC1148C (EBCDIC Code Page 1148 Client 8-bit West European) 100 WE8EBCDIC1047E (Latin 1/Open Systems 1047)101 WE8EBCDIC924 (Latin 9 EBCDIC 924)110 EEC8EUROASCI (EEC Targon 35 ASCI West European/Greek)113 EEC8EUROPA3 (EEC EUROPA3 8-bit West European/Greek)114 LA8PASSPORT (German Government Printer 8-bit All-European Latin) 140 BG8PC437S (IBM-PC Code Page 437 8-bit (Bulgarian Modification))150 EE8PC852 (IBM-PC Code Page 852 8-bit East European)152 RU8PC866 (IBM-PC Code Page 866 8-bit Latin/Cyrillic)153 RU8BESTA (BESTA 8-bit Latin/Cyrillic)154 IW8PC1507 (IBM-PC Code Page 1507/862 8-bit Latin/Hebrew)155 RU8PC855 (IBM-PC Code Page 855 8-bit Latin/Cyrillic)156 TR8PC857 (IBM-PC Code Page 857 8-bit Turkish)158 CL8MACCYRILLIC (Mac Client 8-bit Latin/Cyrillic)159 CL8MACCYRILLICS (Mac Server 8-bit Latin/Cyrillic)作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/17 下午07:21:12160 WE8PC860 (IBM-PC Code Page 860 8-bit West European)161 IS8PC861 (IBM-PC Code Page 861 8-bit Icelandic)162 EE8MACCES (Mac Server 8-bit Central European)163 EE8MACCROA TIANS (Mac Server 8-bit Croatian)164 TR8MACTURKISHS (MAC Server 8-bit Turkish)165 IS8MACICELANDICS (Mac Server 8-bit Icelandic)166 EL8MACGREEKS (Mac Server 8-bit Greek)167 IW8MACHEBREWS (Mac Server 8-bit Hebrew)170 EE8MSWIN1250 (MS Windows Code Page 1250 8-bit East European)171 CL8MSWIN1251 (MS Windows Code Page 1251 8-bit Latin/Cyrillic)172 ET8MSWIN923 (MS Windows Code Page 923 8-bit Estonian)173 BG8MSWIN (MS Windows 8-bit Bulgarian Cyrillic)174 EL8MSWIN1253 (MS Windows Code Page 1253 8-bit Latin/Greek)175 IW8MSWIN1255 (MS Windows Code Page 1255 8-bit Latin/Hebrew)177 TR8MSWIN1254 (MS Windows Code Page 1254 8-bit Turkish)178 WE8MSWIN1252 (MS Windows Code Page 1252 8-bit West European)179 BLT8MSWIN1257 (MS Windows Code Page 1257 8-bit Baltic)180 D8EBCDIC273 (EBCDIC Code Page 273/1 8-bit Austrian German)181 I8EBCDIC280 (EBCDIC Code Page 280/1 8-bit Italian)182 DK8EBCDIC277 (EBCDIC Code Page 277/1 8-bit Danish)183 S8EBCDIC278 (EBCDIC Code Page 278/1 8-bit Swedish)184 EE8EBCDIC870 (EBCDIC Code Page 870 8-bit East European)185 CL8EBCDIC1025 (EBCDIC Code Page 1025 8-bit Cyrillic)186 F8EBCDIC297 (EBCDIC Code Page 297 8-bit French)187 IW8EBCDIC1086 (EBCDIC Code Page 1086 8-bit Hebrew)188 CL8EBCDIC1025X (EBCDIC Code Page 1025 (Modified) 8-bit Cyrillic)189 D8EBCDIC1141 (EBCDIC Code Page 1141 8-bit Austrian German)190 N8PC865 (IBM-PC Code Page 865 8-bit Norwegian)191 BLT8CP921 (Latvian Standard LVS8-92(1) Windows/Unix 8-bit Baltic)192 LV8PC1117 (IBM-PC Code Page 1117 8-bit Latvian)193 LV8PC8LR (Latvian Version IBM-PC Code Page 866 8-bit Latin/Cyrillic)194 BLT8EBCDIC1112 (EBCDIC Code Page 1112 8-bit Baltic Multilingual)195 LV8RST104090 (IBM-PC Alternative Code Page 8-bit Latvian (Latin/Cyrillic))作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/17 下午07:21:31196 CL8KOI8R (RELCOM Internet Standard 8-bit Latin/Cyrillic)197 BLT8PC775 (IBM-PC Code Page 775 8-bit Baltic)198 DK8EBCDIC1142 (EBCDIC Code Page 1142 8-bit Danish)199 S8EBCDIC1143 (EBCDIC Code Page 1143 8-bit Swedish)200 I8EBCDIC1144 (EBCDIC Code Page 1144 8-bit Italian)201 F7SIEMENS9780X (Siemens 97801/97808 7-bit French)202 E7SIEMENS9780X (Siemens 97801/97808 7-bit Spanish)203 S7SIEMENS9780X (Siemens 97801/97808 7-bit Swedish)204 DK7SIEMENS9780X (Siemens 97801/97808 7-bit Danish)205 N7SIEMENS9780X (Siemens 97801/97808 7-bit Norwegian)206 I7SIEMENS9780X (Siemens 97801/97808 7-bit Italian)207 D7SIEMENS9780X (Siemens 97801/97808 7-bit German)208 F8EBCDIC1147 (EBCDIC Code Page 1147 8-bit French)210 WE8GCOS7 (Bull EBCDIC GCOS7 8-bit West European)211 EL8GCOS7 (Bull EBCDIC GCOS7 8-bit Greek)221 US8BS2000 (Siemens 9750-62 EBCDIC 8-bit American)222 D8BS2000 (Siemens 9750-62 EBCDIC 8-bit German)223 F8BS2000 (Siemens 9750-62 EBCDIC 8-bit French)224 E8BS2000 (Siemens 9750-62 EBCDIC 8-bit Spanish)225 DK8BS2000 (Siemens 9750-62 EBCDIC 8-bit Danish)226 S8BS2000 (Siemens 9750-62 EBCDIC 8-bit Swedish)230 WE8BS2000E (Siemens EBCDIC.DF.04 8-bit West European)231 WE8BS2000 (Siemens EBCDIC.DF.04 8-bit West European)232 EE8BS2000 (Siemens EBCDIC.DF.04 8-bit East European)233 CE8BS2000 (Siemens ???)235 CL8BS2000 (Siemens EBCDIC.EHC.LC 8-bit Cyrillic)239 WE8BS2000L5 (Siemens EBCDIC.DF.L5 8-bit West European/Turkish) 241 WE8DG (DG 8-bit West European)251 WE8NCR4970 (NCR 4970 8-bit West European)261 WE8ROMAN8 (HP Roman8 8-bit West European)262 EE8MACCE (Mac Client 8-bit Central European)263 EE8MACCROA TIAN (Mac Client 8-bit Croatian)264 TR8MACTURKISH (MAC Client 8-bit Turkish)265 IS8MACICELANDIC (Mac Client 8-bit Icelandic)266 EL8MACGREEK (Mac Client 8-bit Greek)267 IW8MACHEBREW (Mac Client 8-bit Hebrew)277 US8ICL (ICL EBCDIC 8-bit American)278 WE8ICL (ICL EBCDIC 8-bit West European)作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/17 下午07:21:51279 WE8ISOICLUK (ICL special version ISO8859-1)301 EE8EBCDIC870C (EBCDIC Code Page 870 Client 8-bit East European)311 EL8EBCDIC875S (EBCDIC Code Page 875 Server 8-bit Greek)312 TR8EBCDIC1026S (EBCDIC Code Page 1026 Server 8-bit Turkish)314 BLT8EBCDIC1112S (EBCDIC Code Page 1112 8-bit Server Baltic Multilingual)315 IW8EBCDIC424S (EBCDIC Code Page 424 Server 8-bit Latin/Hebrew)316 EE8EBCDIC870S (EBCDIC Code Page 870 Server 8-bit East European)317 CL8EBCDIC1025S (EBCDIC Code Page 1025 Server 8-bit Cyrillic)319 TH8TISEBCDICS (Thai Industrial Standard 620-2533-EBCDIC Server 8-bit)320 AR8EBCDIC420S (EBCDIC Code Page 420 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)322 CL8EBCDIC1025C (EBCDIC Code Page 1025 Client 8-bit Cyrillic)323 CL8EBCDIC1025R (EBCDIC Code Page 1025 Server 8-bit Cyrillic)324 EL8EBCDIC875R (EBCDIC Code Page 875 Client 8-bit Greek)351 WE8MACROMAN8 (Mac Client 8-bit Extended Roman8 West European)352 WE8MACROMAN8S (Mac Server 8-bit Extended Roman8 West European)353 TH8MACTHAI (Mac Client 8-bit Latin/Thai)354 TH8MACTHAIS (Mac Server 8-bit Latin/Thai)368 HU8CWI2 (Hungarian 8-bit CWI-2)380 EL8PC437S (IBM-PC Code Page 437 8-bit (Greek modification))381 EL8EBCDIC875 (EBCDIC Code Page 875 8-bit Greek)382 EL8PC737 (IBM-PC Code Page 737 8-bit Greek/Latin)383 LT8PC772 (IBM-PC Code Page 772 8-bit Lithuanian (Latin/Cyrillic))384 LT8PC774 (IBM-PC Code Page 774 8-bit Lithuanian (Latin))385 EL8PC869 (IBM-PC Code Page 869 8-bit Greek/Latin)386 EL8PC851 (IBM-PC Code Page 851 8-bit Greek/Latin)390 CDN8PC863 (IBM-PC Code Page 863 8-bit Canadian French)401 HU8ABMOD (Hungarian 8-bit Special AB Mod)500 AR8ASMO8X (ASMO Extended 708 8-bit Latin/Arabic)504 AR8NAFITHA711T (Nafitha Enhanced 711 8-bit Latin/Arabic)505 AR8SAKHR707T (SAKHR 707 8-bit Latin/Arabic)506 AR8MUSSAD768T (Mussa'd Alarabi/2 768 8-bit Latin/Arabic)507 AR8ADOS710T (Arabic MS-DOS 710 8-bit Latin/Arabic)508 AR8ADOS720T (Arabic MS-DOS 720 8-bit Latin/Arabic)作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/17 下午07:22:09509 AR8APTEC715T (APTEC 715 8-bit Latin/Arabic)511 AR8NAFITHA721T (Nafitha International 721 8-bit Latin/Arabic)514 AR8HPARABIC8T (HP 8-bit Latin/Arabic)554 AR8NAFITHA711 (Nafitha Enhanced 711 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)555 AR8SAKHR707 (SAKHR 707 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)556 AR8MUSSAD768 (Mussa'd Alarabi/2 768 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)557 AR8ADOS710 (Arabic MS-DOS 710 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)558 AR8ADOS720 (Arabic MS-DOS 720 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)559 AR8APTEC715 (APTEC 715 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)560 AR8MSWIN1256 (MS Windows Code Page 1256 8-Bit Latin/Arabic)561 AR8NAFITHA721 (Nafitha International 721 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)563 AR8SAKHR706 (SAKHR 706 Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)565 AR8ARABICMAC (Mac Client 8-bit Latin/Arabic)566 AR8ARABICMACS (Mac Server 8-bit Latin/Arabic)567 AR8ARABICMACT (Mac 8-bit Latin/Arabic)590 LA8ISO6937 (ISO 6937 8-bit Coded Character Set for Text Communication)798 WE8DECTST (DEC 8-bit West European)829 JA16VMS (JVMS 16-bit Japanese)830 JA16EUC (EUC 24-bit Japanese)831 JA16EUCYEN (EUC 24-bit Japanese with '\' mapped to the Japanese yen character)832 JA16SJIS (Shift-JIS 16-bit Japanese)833 JA16DBCS (IBM EBCDIC 16-bit Japanese)834 JA16SJISYEN (Shift-JIS 16-bit Japanese with '\' mapped to the Japanese yen character)835 JA16EBCDIC930 (IBM DBCS Code Page 290 16-bit Japanese)836 JA16MACSJIS (Mac client Shift-JIS 16-bit Japanese)837 JA16EUCTILDE (The same as JA16EUC except for the way that the wave dash and the tilde are mapped to and from Unicode)838 JA16SJISTILDE (The same as JA16SJIS except for the way that the wave dash and the tilde are mapped to and from Unicode)840 KO16KSC5601 (KSC5601 16-bit Korean)842 KO16DBCS (IBM EBCDIC 16-bit Korean)845 KO16KSCCS (KSCCS 16-bit Korean)846 KO16MSWIN949 (MS Windows Code Page 949 Korean)850 ZHS16CGB231280 (CGB2312-80 16-bit Simplified Chinese)851 ZHS16MACCGB231280 (Mac client CGB2312-80 16-bit Simplified Chinese)作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表][ 回知識入口]2005/8/17 下午07:22:25852 ZHS16GBK (GBK 16-bit Simplified Chinese)853 ZHS16DBCS (IBM EBCDIC 16-bit Simplified Chinese)854 ZHS32GB18030 (GB18030-2000)860 ZHT32EUC (EUC 32-bit Traditional Chinese)861 ZHT32SOPS (SOPS 32-bit Traditional Chinese)862 ZHT16DBT (Taiwan Taxation 16-bit Traditional Chinese)863 ZHT32TRIS (TRIS 32-bit Traditional Chinese)864 ZHT16DBCS (IBM EBCDIC 16-bit Traditional Chinese)865 ZHT16BIG5 (BIG5 16-bit Traditional Chinese)866 ZHT16CCDC (HP CCDC 16-bit Traditional Chinese)867 ZHT16MSWIN950 (MS Windows Code Page 950 Traditional Chinese)868 ZHT16HKSCS (MS Windows Code Page 950 with Hong Kong Supplementary Character Set) 870 AL24UTFFSS (UTF)871 UTF8 (UTF)872 UTFE (UTF)873 AL32UTF8 (UTF)??? LT8MSWIN921 (MS Windows Code Page 921 8-bit Lithuanian)作者: chiuinan2(青衫)[ 貼文3434 | 人氣170106 | 評價31580 | 送出評價102 次][ 回應本文] [ 發表新文] [ 給予評價] [ 給予評價] [ 回上頁] [ 回討論區列表] [ 回知識入口]2005/8/22 下午09:24:27*** unix系統的locale語系定義字串格式: language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]language: ISO 639 language codeterritory: ISO 3166 country codecodeset: 編碼標記以下為語系列表(language_territory), 括號中的為已知的codeset. 系統現行支援語系可由locale -a命令得知.a3 同a3_aza3_az ??? (KOI8C,KOI8-C)af 同af_za。
BA4425F-E2中文资料
Appendix1-Rev1.0
FRecommended operating conditions (Ta = 25_C)
67
元器件交易网 Audio ICs
FBlock diagram
BA4425F
FPin descriptions
FElectrical characteristics (unless otherwise noted, Ta = 25_C and VCC = 4.0V)
68
元器件交易网 Audio ICs
FMeasurement circuit
BA4425F
69
元器件交易网 Audio ICs
FComponent data
BA4425F
70
元器件交易网 Audio ICs
FElectrical characteristic curves
元器件交易网 Audio ICs
FM / TV front end
BA4425F
The BA4425F is a monolithic IC designed for FM front end use. It consists of an RF amplifier circuit, mixer circuit, oscillation circuit, and IF buffer amplifier. FApplications FM radios Radio cassette players Home stereos Headphone stereos FFeatures 1) Uses double balance mixer to improve intermodulation characteristics. 2) Includes a clamp diode in the mixer output. 3) Local oscillation buffer on-chip for improved response to strong input. 4) The output impedance of the IF buffer is matched with the ceramic filter impedance at 330Ω. FAbsolute maximum ratings (Ta = 25_C)
(转)GB2312简体中文编码表
(转)GB2312简体中⽂编码表GB2312简体中⽂编码表GB2312标准共收录6763个汉字,其中⼀级汉字3755个,⼆级汉字3008个;同时,GB 2312收录了包括拉丁字母、希腊字母、⽇⽂平假名及⽚假名字母、俄语西⾥尔字母在内的682个全⾓字符。
整个字符集分成94个区,每区有94个位。
GB2312,⼜称为GB0,由中国国家标准总局发布,1981年5⽉1⽇实施GB2312标准共收录6763个汉字,其中⼀级汉字3755个,⼆级汉字3008个GB2312是⼀种区位码。
分为94个区(01-94),每区94个字符(01-94)01-09区为特殊符号10-15区没有编码16-55区为⼀级汉字,按拼⾳排序,共3755个56-87区为⼆级汉字,按部⾸/笔画排序,共3008个88-94区没有编码GB2312只是编码表,在计算机中通常都是⽤"EUC-CN"表⽰法,即在每个区位加上0xA0来表⽰。
区和位分别占⽤⼀个字节。
GB2312汉字编码字符集对照表第01区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+FA1A0、。
·¯ˇ¨〃々―~‖…‘’A1B0“”〔〕〈〉《》「」『』〖〗【】A1C0±×÷∶∧∨∑∏∪∩∈∷√⊥∥∠A1D0⌒⊙∫∮≡≌≈∽∝≠≮≯≤≥∞∵A1E0∴♂♀°′″℃$¤¢£‰§№☆★A1F0○●◎◇◆□■△▲※→←↑↓〓第02区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+FA2A0A2B0⒈⒉⒊⒋⒌⒍⒎⒏⒐⒑⒒⒓⒔⒕⒖A2C0⒗⒘⒙⒚⒛⑴⑵⑶⑷⑸⑹⑺⑻⑼⑽⑾A2D0⑿⒀⒁⒂⒃⒄⒅⒆⒇①②③④⑤⑥⑦A2E0⑧⑨⑩㈠㈡㈢㈣㈤㈥㈦㈧㈨㈩A2F0ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅥⅦⅧⅨⅩⅪⅫ第03区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+FA3A0!"#¥%&'()*+,-./A3B00123456789:;<=>?A3C0@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOA3D0PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_A3E0`abcdefghijklmnoA3F0pqrstuvwxyz{|} ̄第04区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+FA4A0ぁあぃいぅうぇえぉおかがきぎくA4B0ぐけげこごさざしじすずせぜそぞたA4C0だちぢっつづてでとどなにぬねのはA4D0ばぱひびぴふぶぷへべぺほぼぽまみA4E0むめもゃやゅゆょよらりるれろゎわA4F0ゐゑをん第05区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+FA5A0ァアィイゥウェエォオカガキギクA5B0グケゲコゴサザシジスズセゼソゾタA5C0ダチヂッツヅテデトドナニヌネノハA5D0バパヒビピフブプヘベペホボポマミA5E0ムメモャヤュユョヨラリルレロヮワA5F0ヰヱヲンヴヵヶ第06区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F A6A0ΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟA6B0ΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΩA6C0αβγδεζηθικλµνξοA6D0πρστυφχψωA6E0A6F0第07区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F A7A0АБВГДЕЁЖЗИЙКЛМНA7B0ОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭA7C0ЮЯA7D0абвгдеёжзийклмнA7E0опрстуфхцчшщъыьэA7F0юя第08区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F A8A0āáǎàēéěèīíǐìōóǒA8B0òūúǔùǖǘǚǜüêA8C0ㄅㄆㄇㄈㄉㄊㄋㄌㄍㄎㄏA8D0ㄐㄑㄒㄓㄔㄕㄖㄗㄘㄙㄚㄛㄜㄝㄞㄟA8E0ㄠㄡㄢㄣㄤㄥㄦㄧㄨㄩA8F0第09区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F A9A0─━│┃┄┅┆┇┈┉┊┋A9B0┌┍┎┏┐┑┒┓└┕┖┗┘┙┚┛A9C0├┝┞┟┠┡┢┣┤┥┦┧┨┩┪┫A9D0┬┭┮┯┰┱┲┳┴┵┶┷┸┹┺┻A9E0┼┽┾┿╀╁╂╃╄╅╆╇╈╉╊╋A9F0第10区AAA0-AAFF没有编码第11区ABA0-ABFF没有编码第12区ACA0-ACFF没有编码第13区ADA0-ADFF没有编码第14区AEA0-AEFF没有编码第15区AFA0-AFFF没有编码第16区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F B0A0啊阿埃挨哎唉哀皑癌蔼矮艾碍爱隘B0B0鞍氨安俺按暗岸胺案肮昂盎凹敖熬翱B0C0袄傲奥懊澳芭捌扒叭吧笆⼋疤巴拔跋B0D0靶把耙坝霸罢爸⽩柏百摆佰败拜稗斑B0E0班搬扳般颁板版扮拌伴瓣半办绊邦帮B0F0梆榜膀绑棒磅蚌镑傍谤苞胞包褒剥第17区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F B1A0薄雹保堡饱宝抱报暴豹鲍爆杯碑悲B1B0卑北辈背贝钡倍狈备惫焙被奔苯本笨B1C0崩绷甭泵蹦迸逼⿐⽐鄙笔彼碧蓖蔽毕B1D0毙毖币庇痹闭敝弊必辟壁臂避陛鞭边B1E0编贬扁便变卞辨辩辫遍标彪膘表鳖憋B1F0别瘪彬斌濒滨宾摈兵冰柄丙秉饼炳第18区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F B2A0病并玻菠播拨钵波博勃搏铂箔伯帛B2B0舶脖膊渤泊驳捕⼘哺补埠不布步簿部B2C0怖擦猜裁材才财睬踩采彩菜蔡餐参蚕B2D0残惭惨灿苍舱仓沧藏操糙槽曹草厕策B2E0侧册测层蹭插叉茬茶查碴搽察岔差诧B2F0拆柴豺搀掺蝉馋谗缠铲产阐颤昌猖第19区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F第19区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F 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D7A0住注祝驻抓⽖拽专砖转撰赚篆桩庄D7B0装妆撞壮状椎锥追赘坠缀谆准捉拙卓D7C0桌琢茁酌啄着灼浊兹咨资姿滋淄孜紫D7D0仔籽滓⼦⾃渍字鬃棕踪宗综总纵邹⾛D7E0奏揍租⾜卒族祖诅阻组钻纂嘴醉最罪D7F0尊遵昨左佐柞做作坐座第56区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F D8A0亍丌兀丐廿卅丕亘丞⿀孬噩⼁禺⼃D8B0⼔乇夭⽘卮氐囟胤馗毓睾鼗⼂亟鼐乜D8C0乩亓芈孛啬嘏仄厍厝厣厥厮靥赝⼕叵D8D0匦匮匾赜卦卣刂刈刎刭刳刿剀剌剞剡D8E0剜蒯剽劂劁劐劓⼌罔亻仃仉仂仨仡仫D8F0仞伛仳伢佤仵伥伧伉伫佞佧攸佚佝第57区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F D9A0佟佗伲伽佶佴侑侉侃侏佾佻侪佼侬D9B0侔俦俨俪俅俚俣俜俑俟俸倩偌俳倬倏D9C0倮倭俾倜倌倥倨偾偃偕偈偎偬偻傥傧D9D0傩傺僖儆僭僬僦僮儇儋仝氽佘佥俎⿕D9E0汆籴兮巽黉馘冁夔⼓匍訇匐凫夙兕⼇D9F0兖亳衮袤亵脔裒禀嬴蠃羸⼎冱冽冼第58区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F DAA0凇⼍冢冥讠讦讧讪讴讵讷诂诃诋诏DAB0诎诒诓诔诖诘诙诜诟诠诤诨诩诮诰诳DAC0诶诹诼诿谀谂谄谇谌谏谑谒谔谕谖谙DAD0谛谘谝谟谠谡谥谧谪谫谮谯谲谳谵谶DAE0⼙卺阝阢阡阱阪阽阼陂陉陔陟陧陬陲DAF0陴隈隍隗隰邗邛邝邙邬邡邴邳邶邺第59区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F DBA0邸邰郏郅邾郐郄郇郓郦郢郜郗郛郫DBB0郯郾鄄鄢鄞鄣鄱鄯鄹酃酆刍奂劢劬劭DBC0劾哿勐勖勰叟燮矍⼵⼐凼⾿⼛弁畚巯DBD0坌垩垡塾墼壅壑圩圬圪圳圹圮圯坜圻DBE0坂坩垅坫垆坼坻坨坭坶坳垭垤垌垲埏DBE0坂坩垅坫垆坼坻坨坭坶坳垭垤垌垲埏DBF0垧垴垓垠埕埘埚埙埒垸埴埯埸埤埝第60区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F DCA0堋堍埽埭堀堞堙塄堠塥塬墁墉墚墀DCB0馨鼙懿艹艽艿芏芊芨芄芎芑芗芙芫芸DCC0芾芰苈苊苣芘芷芮苋苌苁芩芴芡芪芟DCD0苄苎芤苡茉苷苤茏茇苜苴苒苘茌苻苓DCE0茑茚茆茔茕苠苕茜荑荛荜茈莒茼茴茱DCF0莛荞茯荏荇荃荟荀茗荠茭茺茳荦荥第61区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F DDA0荨茛荩荬荪荭荮莰荸莳莴莠莪莓莜DDB0莅荼莶莩荽莸荻莘莞莨莺莼菁萁菥菘DDC0堇萘萋菝菽菖萜萸萑萆菔菟萏萃菸菹DDD0菪菅菀萦菰菡葜葑葚葙葳蒇蒈葺蒉葸DDE0萼葆葩葶蒌蒎萱葭蓁蓍蓐蓦蒽蓓蓊蒿DDF0蒺蓠蒡蒹蒴蒗蓥蓣蔌甍蔸蓰蔹蔟蔺第62区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F DEA0蕖蔻蓿蓼蕙蕈蕨蕤蕞蕺瞢蕃蕲蕻薤DEB0薨薇薏蕹薮薜薅薹薷薰藓藁藜藿蘧蘅DEC0蘩蘖蘼⼶弈夼奁耷奕奚奘匏⼪尥尬尴DED0扌扪抟抻拊拚拗拮挢拶挹捋捃掭揶捱DEE0捺掎掴捭掬掊捩掮掼揲揸揠揿揄揞揎DEF0摒揆掾摅摁搋搛搠搌搦搡摞撄摭撖第63区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F DFA0摺撷撸撙撺擀擐擗擤擢攉攥攮⼷忒DFB0甙弑卟叱叽叩叨叻吒吖吆呋呒呓呔呖DFC0呃吡呗呙吣吲咂咔呷呱呤咚咛咄呶呦DFD0咝哐咭哂咴哒咧咦哓哔呲咣哕咻咿哌DFE0哙哚哜咩咪咤哝哏哞唛哧唠哽唔哳唢DFF0唣唏唑唧唪啧喏喵啉啭啁啕唿啐唼第64区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E0A0唷啖啵啶啷唳唰啜喋嗒喃喱喹喈喁E0B0喟啾嗖喑啻嗟喽喾喔喙嗪嗷嗉嘟嗑嗫E0C0嗬嗔嗦嗝嗄嗯嗥嗲嗳嗌嗍嗨嗵嗤辔嘞E0D0嘈嘌嘁嘤嘣嗾嘀嘧嘭噘嘹噗嘬噍噢噙E0E0噜噌噔嚆噤噱噫噻噼嚅嚓嚯囔⼞囝囡E0F0囵囫囹囿圄圊圉圜帏帙帔帑帱帻帼第65区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E1A0帷幄幔幛幞幡岌屺岍岐岖岈岘岙岑E1B0岚岜岵岢岽岬岫岱岣峁岷峄峒峤峋峥E1C0崂崃崧崦崮崤崞崆崛嵘崾崴崽嵬嵛嵯E1D0嵝嵫嵋嵊嵩嵴嶂嶙嶝豳嶷巅⼻彷徂徇E1E0徉後徕徙徜徨徭徵徼衢⼺犭犰犴犷犸E1F0狃狁狎狍狒狨狯狩狲狴狷猁狳猃狺第66区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E2A0狻猗猓猡猊猞猝猕猢猹猥猬猸猱獐E2B0獍獗獠獬獯獾⾇夥飧夤⼡饣饧饨饩饪E2C0饫饬饴饷饽馀馄馇馊馍馐馑馓馔馕庀E2D0庑庋庖庥庠庹庵庾庳赓廒廑廛廨廪膺E2E0忄忉忖忏怃忮怄忡忤忾怅怆忪忭忸怙E2F0怵怦怛怏怍怩怫怊怿怡恸恹恻恺恂第67区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E3A0恪恽悖悚悭悝悃悒悌悛惬悻悱惝惘E3B0惆惚悴愠愦愕愣惴愀愎愫慊慵憬憔憧E3C0憷懔懵忝隳闩闫闱闳闵闶闼闾阃阄阆E3D0阈阊阋阌阍阏阒阕阖阗阙阚丬⽙戕氵E3E0汔汜汊沣沅沐沔沌汨汩汴汶沆沩泐泔E3F0沭泷泸泱泗沲泠泖泺泫泮沱泓泯泾E3F0沭泷泸泱泗沲泠泖泺泫泮沱泓泯泾第68区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E4A0洹洧洌浃浈洇洄洙洎洫浍洮洵洚浏E4B0浒浔洳涑浯涞涠浞涓涔浜浠浼浣渚淇E4C0淅淞渎涿淠渑淦淝淙渖涫渌涮渫湮湎E4D0湫溲湟溆湓湔渲渥湄滟溱溘滠漭滢溥E4E0溧溽溻溷滗溴滏溏滂溟潢潆潇漤漕滹E4F0漯漶潋潴漪漉漩澉澍澌潸潲潼潺濑第69区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E5A0濉澧澹澶濂濡濮濞濠濯瀚瀣瀛瀹瀵E5B0灏灞⼧宄宕宓宥宸甯骞搴寤寮褰寰蹇E5C0謇辶迓迕迥迮迤迩迦迳迨逅逄逋逦逑E5D0逍逖逡逵逶逭逯遄遑遒遐遨遘遢遛暹E5E0遴遽邂邈邃邋⼹彗彖彘尻咫屐屙孱屣E5F0屦羼弪弩弭艴弼鬻⼬妁妃妍妩妪妣第70区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E6A0妗姊妫妞妤姒妲妯姗妾娅娆姝娈姣E6B0姘姹娌娉娲娴娑娣娓婀婧婊婕娼婢婵E6C0胬媪媛婷婺媾嫫媲嫒嫔媸嫠嫣嫱嫖嫦E6D0嫘嫜嬉嬗嬖嬲嬷孀尕尜孚孥孳孑孓孢E6E0驵驷驸驺驿驽骀骁骅骈骊骐骒骓骖骘E6F0骛骜骝骟骠骢骣骥骧纟纡纣纥纨纩第71区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E7A0纭纰纾绀绁绂绉绋绌绐绔绗绛绠绡E7B0绨绫绮绯绱绲缍绶绺绻绾缁缂缃缇缈E7C0缋缌缏缑缒缗缙缜缛缟缡缢缣缤缥缦E7D0缧缪缫缬缭缯缰缱缲缳缵⼳畿⼮甾邕E7E0玎玑玮玢玟珏珂珑玷玳珀珉珈珥珙顼E7F0琊珩珧珞玺珲琏琪瑛琦琥琨琰琮琬第72区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E8A0琛琚瑁瑜瑗瑕瑙瑷瑭瑾璜璎璀璁璇E8B0璋璞璨璩璐璧瓒璺韪韫韬杌杓杞杈杩E8C0枥枇杪杳枘枧杵枨枞枭枋杷杼柰栉柘E8D0栊柩枰栌柙枵柚枳柝栀柃枸柢栎柁柽E8E0栲栳桠桡桎桢桄桤梃栝桕桦桁桧桀栾E8F0桊桉栩梵梏桴桷梓桫棂楮棼椟椠棹第73区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F E9A0椤棰椋椁楗棣椐楱椹楠楂楝榄楫榀E9B0榘楸椴槌榇榈槎榉楦楣楹榛榧榻榫榭E9C0槔榱槁槊槟榕槠榍槿樯槭樗樘橥槲橄E9D0樾檠橐橛樵檎橹樽樨橘橼檑檐檩檗檫E9E0猷獒殁殂殇殄殒殓殍殚殛殡殪轫轭轱E9F0轲轳轵轶轸轷轹轺轼轾辁辂辄辇辋第74区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F EAA0辍辎辏辘辚軎戋戗戛戟戢戡戥戤戬EAB0臧瓯瓴瓿甏甑甓⽁旮旯旰昊昙杲昃昕EAC0昀炅曷昝昴昱昶昵耆晟晔晁晏晖晡晗EAD0晷暄暌暧暝暾曛曜曦曩贲贳贶贻贽赀EAE0赅赆赈赉赇赍赕赙觇觊觋觌觎觏觐觑EAF0牮犟牝牦牯牾牿犄犋犍犏犒挈挲掰第75区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F EBA0搿擘耄毪毳毽毵毹氅氇氆氍氕氘氙EBB0氚氡氩氤氪氲攵敕敫牍牒牖爰虢刖肟EBC0肜肓肼朊肽肱肫肭肴肷胧胨胩胪胛胂EBD0胄胙胍胗朐胝胫胱胴胭脍脎胲胼朕脒EBE0豚脶脞脬脘脲腈腌腓腴腙腚腱腠腩腼EBF0腽腭腧塍媵膈膂膑滕膣膪臌朦臊膻第76区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F第76区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F ECA0臁膦欤欷欹歃歆歙飑飒飓飕飙飚⽎ECB0彀毂觳斐齑斓於旆旄旃旌旎旒旖炀炜ECC0炖炝炻烀炷炫炱烨烊焐焓焖焯焱煳煜ECD0煨煅煲煊煸煺熘熳熵熨熠燠燔燧燹爝ECE0爨灬焘煦熹戾戽扃扈扉礻祀祆祉祛祜ECF0祓祚祢祗祠祯祧祺禅禊禚禧禳忑忐第77区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F EDA0怼恝恚恧恁恙恣悫愆愍慝憩憝懋懑EDB0戆肀⾀沓泶淼矶矸砀砉砗砘砑斫砭砜EDC0砝砹砺砻砟砼砥砬砣砩硎硭硖硗砦硐EDD0硇硌硪碛碓碚碇碜碡碣碲碹碥磔磙磉EDE0磬磲礅磴礓礤礞礴龛⿋黻黼盱眄眍盹EDF0眇眈眚眢眙眭眦眵眸睐睑睇睃睚睨第78区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F EEA0睢睥睿瞍睽瞀瞌瞑瞟瞠瞰瞵瞽町畀EEB0畎畋畈畛畲畹疃罘罡罟詈罨罴罱罹羁EEC0罾盍盥蠲钅钆钇钋钊钌钍钏钐钔钗钕EED0钚钛钜钣钤钫钪钭钬钯钰钲钴钶钷钸EEE0钹钺钼钽钿铄铈铉铊铋铌铍铎铐铑铒EEF0铕铖铗铙铘铛铞铟铠铢铤铥铧铨铪第79区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F EFA0铩铫铮铯铳铴铵铷铹铼铽铿锃锂锆EFB0锇锉锊锍锎锏锒锓锔锕锖锘锛锝锞锟EFC0锢锪锫锩锬锱锲锴锶锷锸锼锾锿镂锵EFD0镄镅镆镉镌镎镏镒镓镔镖镗镘镙镛镞EFE0镟镝镡镢镤镥镦镧镨镩镪镫镬镯镱镲EFF0镳锺矧矬雉秕秭秣秫稆嵇稃稂稞稔第80区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F F0A0稹稷穑黏馥穰皈皎皓皙皤瓞瓠甬鸠F0B0鸢鸨鸩鸪鸫鸬鸲鸱鸶鸸鸷鸹鸺鸾鹁鹂F0C0鹄鹆鹇鹈鹉鹋鹌鹎鹑鹕鹗鹚鹛鹜鹞鹣F0D0鹦鹧鹨鹩鹪鹫鹬鹱鹭鹳⽧疔疖疠疝疬F0E0疣疳疴疸痄疱疰痃痂痖痍痣痨痦痤痫F0F0痧瘃痱痼痿瘐瘀瘅瘌瘗瘊瘥瘘瘕瘙第81区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F F1A0瘛瘼瘢瘠癀瘭瘰瘿瘵癃瘾瘳癍癞癔F1B0癜癖癫癯翊竦穸穹窀窆窈窕窦窠窬窨F1C0窭窳衤衩衲衽衿袂袢裆袷袼裉裢裎裣F1D0裥裱褚裼裨裾裰褡褙褓褛褊褴褫褶襁F1E0襦襻⽦胥皲皴矜⽾耔耖耜耠耢耥耦耧F1F0耩耨耱耋耵聃聆聍聒聩聱覃顸颀颃第82区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F F2A0颉颌颍颏颔颚颛颞颟颡颢颥颦⾌虔F2B0虬虮虿虺虼虻蚨蚍蚋蚬蚝蚧蚣蚪蚓蚩F2C0蚶蛄蚵蛎蚰蚺蚱蚯蛉蛏蚴蛩蛱蛲蛭蛳F2D0蛐蜓蛞蛴蛟蛘蛑蜃蜇蛸蜈蜊蜍蜉蜣蜻F2E0蜞蜥蜮蜚蜾蝈蜴蜱蜩蜷蜿螂蜢蝽蝾蝻F2F0蝠蝰蝌蝮螋蝓蝣蝼蝤蝙蝥螓螯螨蟒第83区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F F3A0蟆螈螅螭螗螃螫蟥螬螵螳蟋蟓螽蟑F3B0蟀蟊蟛蟪蟠蟮蠖蠓蟾蠊蠛蠡蠹蠼⽸罂F3C0罄罅舐竺竽笈笃笄笕笊笫笏筇笸笪笙F3D0笮笱笠笥笤笳笾笞筘筚筅筵筌筝筠筮F3E0筻筢筲筱箐箦箧箸箬箝箨箅箪箜箢箫F3F0箴篑篁篌篝篚篥篦篪簌篾篼簏簖簋第84区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F F4A0簟簪簦簸籁籀臾舁舂舄臬衄舡舢舣F4A0簟簪簦簸籁籀臾舁舂舄臬衄舡舢舣F4B0舭舯舨舫舸舻舳舴舾艄艉艋艏艚艟艨F4C0衾袅袈裘裟襞羝羟羧羯羰羲籼敉粑粝F4D0粜粞粢粲粼粽糁糇糌糍糈糅糗糨⾉暨F4E0羿翎翕翥翡翦翩翮翳⽷絷綦綮繇纛麸F4F0麴赳趄趔趑趱赧赭豇豉酊酐酎酏酤第85区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F F5A0酢酡酰酩酯酽酾酲酴酹醌醅醐醍醑F5B0醢醣醪醭醮醯醵醴醺⾗鹾趸跫踅蹙蹩F5C0趵趿趼趺跄跖跗跚跞跎跏跛跆跬跷跸F5D0跣跹跻跤踉跽踔踝踟踬踮踣踯踺蹀踹F5E0踵踽踱蹉蹁蹂蹑蹒蹊蹰蹶蹼蹯蹴躅躏F5F0躔躐躜躞⾘貂貊貅貘貔斛觖觞觚觜第86区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F F6A0觥觫觯訾謦靓雩雳雯霆霁霈霏霎霪F6B0霭霰霾龀龃龅龆龇龈龉龊龌黾鼋鼍⾫F6C0隼隽雎雒瞿雠銎銮鋈錾鍪鏊鎏鐾鑫鱿F6D0鲂鲅鲆鲇鲈稣鲋鲎鲐鲑鲒鲔鲕鲚鲛鲞F6E0鲟鲠鲡鲢鲣鲥鲦鲧鲨鲩鲫鲭鲮鲰鲱鲲F6F0鲳鲴鲵鲶鲷鲺鲻鲼鲽鳄鳅鳆鳇鳊鳋第87区+0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+A+B+C+D+E+F F7A0鳌鳍鳎鳏鳐鳓鳔鳕鳗鳘鳙鳜鳝鳟鳢F7B0靼鞅鞑鞒鞔鞯鞫鞣鞲鞴骱骰骷鹘骶骺F7C0骼髁髀髅髂髋髌髑魅魃魇魉魈魍魑飨F7D0餍餮饕饔⾽髡髦髯髫髻髭髹鬈鬏鬓鬟F7E0鬣麽麾縻麂麇麈麋麒鏖麝麟黛黜黝黠F7F0黟黢黩黧黥黪黯鼢鼬鼯鼹鼷鼽鼾齄第88区F8A0-F8FF没有编码第89区F9A0-F9FF没有编码第90区FAA0-FAFF没有编码第91区FBA0-FBFF没有编码第92区FCA0-FCFF没有编码第93区FDA0-FDFF没有编码第94区FEA0-FEFF没有编码。
中文数字
中文数字维基百科,自由的百科全书中文数字,是中文使用的数字系统,在阿拉伯数字传入前广泛使用。
现时在计算中渐少使用。
华人地区书写支票时仍会使用中文数字(通常是“大写”),因笔划繁复较难做假。
一般数字中文有九个字代表“一”至“九”,另有其他数字代表“十”、“百”、“千”等较大数。
每个数字都有大、小两种写法。
大写常见于正式或商业文件之上,以避免被涂改。
注意:本条目或片段含有Unicode中日韩统一表意文字扩展A区用字:“䦉”。
如果您的电脑不支持,有关字符会被错误显示成空格、问号或者方格等。
参看Wikipedia:Unicode扩展汉字。
拼音注音大写小写数值备注língㄌㄧㄥˊ零〇0 在军事、航空无线电通信或铁路上读作“洞”。
〇是正常的表示方式,零有时也可以接受。
yīㄧ壹一 1 在军事、航空无线电通信或铁路上读作“幺”,在中国大陆读出号码的时候亦常用。
旧时大写也作弌。
èrㄦˋ贰二 2 在军事、航空无线电通信或铁路上读作“两”。
旧时大写也作弍。
作两时用于千、万位或之前及量词之前。
但重量“二两”不作“两两”。
sānㄙㄢ叁三 3 又作叄,台湾也作參。
旧时大写也作弎。
sìㄙˋ肆四 4 在军事或铁路上读作“刀”。
旧时大wǔㄨˇ伍五 5 liùㄌㄧㄡˋ陸六 6qīㄑㄧ柒七7 在军事、航空无线电通信或铁路上读作“拐”。
bāㄅㄚ捌八8jiǔㄐㄧㄡˇ玖九9 在军事、航空无线电通信或铁路上读作“勾”。
s híㄕˊ拾十10 虽然有些人会用什(读作shí)表示,但是这是容易被涂改成“仟”的。
niànㄋㄧㄢˋ念廿20 或做卄。
今仍多以二十表示,但台湾报纸、日历仍惯用廿来记载日期,多训读作“二十”。
粤语中多以“廿”代替“二十”。
大写的念战后已不见使用,今多以贰拾表示。
sàㄙㄚˋ叁拾卅30 今仍多以三十表示,但台湾报纸、日历仍惯用卅来记载日期,多训读作“三十”。
SI4425DY中文资料
January 2001Si4425DYSingle P-Channel, Logic Level, PowerTrench General Description Features Absolute Maximum Ratings T A = 25o C unless otherwise noted SOT-23SuperSOT TM This P-Channel Logic Level MOSFET is produced using Fairchild Semiconductor's advanced PowerTrench process that has been especially tailored to minimize the on-state resistance and yet maintain low gate charge for superior switching performance.These devices are well suited for notebook computer applications: load switching and power management,battery charging circuits, and DC/DC conversion.SSSSO-8DDD Gpin 14425TRADEMARKSACEx™CoolFET™CROSSVOLT™E 2CMOS TM FACT™FACT Quiet Series™FAST ®FASTr™GTO™HiSeC™The following are registered and unregistered trademarks Fairchild Semiconductor owns or is authorized to use and is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all such trademarks.LIFE SUPPORT POLICYFAIRCHILD’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORTDEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROV AL OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORA TION.As used herein:ISOPLANAR™MICROWIRE™POP™PowerTrench™QS™Quiet Series™SuperSOT™-3SuperSOT™-6SuperSOT™-8TinyLogic™1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant intothe body, or (b) support or sustain life, or (c) whosefailure to perform when properly used in accordancewith instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user.2. A critical component is any component of a lifesupport device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS Definition of Terms Datasheet Identification Product Status DefinitionAdvance InformationPreliminary No Identification Needed Obsolete This datasheet contains the design specifications for product development. Specifications may change in any manner without notice.This datasheet contains preliminary data, andsupplementary data will be published at a later date.Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design.This datasheet contains final specifications. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design.This datasheet contains specifications on a product that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor.The datasheet is printed for reference information only.Formative or In DesignFirst ProductionFull ProductionNot In ProductionDISCLAIMERFAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY , FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS.UHC™VCX™。
离子直入装置用语
离子直入装置用语编号用语(英文/中文)用语说明D4401 Ion implanter离子注入机是指对具有运动能量的离子加以照射,为能将试料的物性加以控制的装置。
此一装置是由离子源,提取电极系统,质量分析系统,注入室等所构成。
D4402 Low energy ion implanter低能量离子注入机是指离子能量(1价离子)的最大值,在10Kev以下的离子注入装置。
编号用语(英文/中文)用语说明D4403Medium energy ion implanter中能量离子注入机是指离子能量(1价离子)的最大值,超过10Kev 而在250Kev以下的离子注入装置。
D4404 Low current ion implanter小电流离子注入机是指线束电流量的最大值,未超过0.5mA的离子注入装置。
D4405Medium current ion implante r中电流离子注入机是指线束电流量的最大值,在0.5mA ~ 5mA的离子注入装置。
D4406High current ion implanter 大电流离子植入机系指线速电流的最大值,在5Ma以上的离子植入装置。
D4407 High energy ion implante r 高能量离子植入机系指离子能量(1价离子)的最大值,超过250Kev 的离子植入装置。
D4410Ion source离子源系形成各种元素等离子体的部分。
因放电种类的不同,有直流型、高频波型以及微波型,目前最适用者为弗里曼型,系属于直流型。
此一离子源,系利用由磁场中的灯丝所放出的热电子,来形成离子。
D4411 Ion implantation离子植入,离子移植系指将被加速离子植入半导体基片的方法。
通常利用硼(B),磷(P),砷(As)等离子,作为引进用杂质。
其控制性与再现性相当优异,被广泛用作取代以往的热扩散法,作为半导体基片的杂质导入法。
D4412 Ion beam离子束系指将无秩序状态的离子,加以控制而获得有方向性且步调一致的离子流。
汉字编码简明对照表
汉字编码简明对照表说明:1、下列汉字取自国标(GB 2312-80)中的分级与排列内容;包含所有的第一级汉字和第二级汉字中的常用部分。
2、第一级汉字(16—55区的汉字)以拼音字母为序进行排列,同音字以笔形顺序横、竖、撇、捺、折为序,起笔相同的按第二笔,依次类推;第二级汉字(56-87区的汉字)按部首为序进行排列。
3、对于多音字,仅在表中出现一次。
如:柏,音(bai,bo),表中仅出现在“bai”中。
4、汉字区位码用阿拉伯数字表示,每个汉字对应4个数字。
5、本汉字代码表摘自《字符集和信息编码国家标准汇编》,(中国标准出版社,1998年编)。
Aa啊 1601 阿 1602 吖 6325 嗄 6436 腌 7571 锕 7925ai埃 1603 挨 1604 哎 1605 唉 1606 哀 1607 皑 1608 癌 1609蔼1610 矮 1611 艾 1612 碍 1613 爱 1614 隘 1615 捱 6263嗳 6440 嗌6441 嫒 7040 瑷 7208 暧 7451 砹 7733 锿 7945霭 8616 an鞍 1616 氨 1617 安 1618 俺 1619 按 1620 暗 1621 岸 1622胺1623 案 1624 谙 5847 埯 5991 揞 6278 犴 6577 庵 6654桉 7281 铵7907 鹌 8038 黯 8786ang肮 1625 昂 1626 盎 1627ao凹 1628 敖 1629 熬 1630 翱 1631 袄 1632 傲 1633 奥 1634懊1635 澳 1636 坳 5974 拗 6254 嗷 6427 岙 6514 廒 6658遨 6959 媪7033 骜 7081 獒 7365 聱 8190 螯 8292 鏊 8643鳌 8701 鏖 8773Bba芭 1637 捌 1638 扒 1639 叭 1640 吧 1641 笆 1642 八 1643疤1644 巴 1645 拔 1646 跋 1647 靶 1648 把 1649 耙 1650坝 1651 霸1652 罢 1653 爸 1654 茇 6056 菝 6135 岜 6517灞 6917 钯 7857 粑8446 鲅 8649 魃 8741bai白 1655 柏 1656 百 1657 摆 1658 佰 1659 败 1660 拜 1661稗1662 捭 6267 呗 6334 掰 7494ban斑 1663 班 1664 搬 1665 扳 1666 般 1667 颁 1668 板 1669版1670 扮 1671 拌 1672 伴 1673 瓣 1674 半 1675 办 1676绊 1677 阪5870 坂 5964 钣 7851 瘢 8103 癍 8113 舨 8418bang邦 1678 帮 1679 梆 1680 榜 1681 膀 1682 绑 1683 棒 1684磅1685 蚌 1686 镑 1687 傍 1688 谤 1689 蒡 6182 浜 6826 bao苞 1690 胞 1691 包 1692 褒 1693 剥 1694 薄 1701 雹 1702保1703 堡 1704 饱 1705 宝 1706 抱 1707 报 1708 暴 1709豹 1710 鲍1711 爆 1712 葆 6165 孢 7063 煲 7650 鸨 8017褓 8157 趵 8532 龅8621bei杯 1713 碑 1714 悲 1715 卑 1716 北 1717 辈 1718 背 1719贝1720 钡 1721 倍 1722 狈 1723 备 1724 惫 1725 焙 1726被 1727 孛5635 陂 5873 邶 5893 蓓 6177 悖 6703 碚 7753鹎 8039 褙 8156 鐾8645 鞴 8725ben奔 1728 苯 1729 本 1730 笨 1731 畚 5946 坌 5948 贲 7458锛7928beng崩 1732 绷 1733 甭 1734 泵 1735 蹦 1736 迸 1737 嘣 6452甏7420bi逼 1738 鼻 1739 比 1740 鄙 1741 笔 1742 彼 1743 碧 1744蓖1745 蔽 1746 毕 1747 毙 1748 毖 1749 币 1750 庇 1751痹 1752 闭1753 敝 1754 弊 1755 必 1756 辟 1757 壁 1758臂 1759 萆 6141 避1760 陛 1761 匕 5616 俾 5734 荜 6074荸 6109 薜 6221 吡 6333 哔6357 狴 6589 庳 6656 愎 6725滗 6868 濞 6908 弼 6986 妣 6994 婢7030 嬖 7052 璧 7221畀 7815 铋 7873 秕 7985 裨 8152 筚 8357 箅8375 篦 8387舭 8416 襞 8437 跸 8547 髀 8734bian鞭 1762 边 1763 编 1764 贬 1765 扁 1766 便 1767 变 1768卞1769 辨 1770 辩 1771 辫 1772 遍 1773 匾 5650 弁 5945苄 6048 忭6677 汴 6774 缏 7134 煸 7652 砭 7730 碥 7760窆 8125 褊 8159 蝙8289 笾 8354 鳊 8693biao标 1774 彪 1775 膘 1776 表 1777 婊 7027 骠 7084 杓 7228飑7609 飙 7613 飚 7614 镖 7958 镳 7980 瘭 8106 裱 8149鳔 8707 髟8752bie鳖 1778 憋 1779 别 1780 瘪 1781 蹩 8531bin彬 1782 斌 1783 濒 1784 滨 1785 宾 1786 摈 1787 傧 5747豳6557 缤 7145 玢 7167 槟 7336 殡 7375 膑 7587 镔 7957髌 8738 鬓8762bing兵 1788 冰 1789 柄 1790 丙 1791 秉 1792 饼 1793 炳 1794病1801 并 1802 禀 5787 邴 5891 摒 6280bo玻 1803 菠 1804 播 1805 拨 1806 钵 1807 波 1808 博 1809勃1810 搏 1811 铂 1812 箔 1813 伯 1814 帛 1815 舶 1816脖 1817 膊1818 渤 1819 泊 1820 驳 1821 亳 5781 啵 6403饽 6636 檗 7362 擘7502 礴 7771 钹 7864 鹁 8030 簸 8404跛 8543 踣 8559 bu捕 1822 卜 1823 哺 1824 补 1825 埠 1826 不 1827 布 1828步1829 簿 1830 部 1831 怖 1832 卟 6318 逋 6945 瓿 7419晡 7446 钚7848 钸 7863 醭 8519Cca擦 1833 嚓 6474 礤 7769cai猜 1834 裁 1835 材 1836 才 1837 财 1838 睬 1839 踩 1840采1841 彩 1842 菜 1843 蔡 1844can餐 1845 参 1846 蚕 1847 残 1848 惭 1849 惨 1850 灿 1851孱6978 骖 7078 璨 7218 粲 8451 黪 8785cang苍 1852 舱 1853 仓 1854 沧 1855 藏 1856cao操 1857 糙 1858 槽 1859 曹 1860 草 1861 嘈 6448 漕 6878螬8309 艚 8429ce厕 1862 策 1863 侧 1864 册 1865 测 1866 恻 6692cen岑 6515 涔 6825ceng层 1867 蹭 1868 噌 6465cha插 1869 叉 1870 茬 1871 茶 1872 查 1873 碴 1874 搽 1875察1876 岔 1877 差 1878 诧 1879 猹 6610 馇 6639 汊 6766姹 7017 杈7230 楂 7311 槎 7322 檫 7363 锸 7942 镲 7979衩 8135 chai拆 1880 柴 1881 豺 1882 侪 5713 钗 7846 瘥 8091 虿 8218chan搀 1883 掺 1884 蝉 1885 馋 1886 谗 1887 缠 1888 铲 1889产1890 阐 1891 颤 1892 冁 5770 谄 5838 蒇 6159 廛 6660忏 6667 潺6893 澶 6904 羼 6981 婵 7031 骣 7086 觇 7472禅 7688 镡 7966 蟾8324 躔 8580chang昌 1893 猖 1894 场 1901 尝 1902 常 1903 长 1904 偿 1905肠1906 厂 1907 敞 1908 畅 1909 唱 1910 倡 1911 伥 5686鬯 5943 苌6041 菖 6137 徜 6568 怅 6674 惝 6714阊 6749娼 7029 嫦 7047 昶7438 氅 7509 鲳 8680chao超 1912 抄 1913 钞 1914 朝 1915 嘲 1916 潮 1917 巢 1918吵1919 炒 1920 怊 6687 晁 7443 焯 7644 耖 8173che车 1921 扯 1922 撤 1923 掣 1924 彻 1925 澈 1926 坼 5969砗7726chen郴 1927 臣 1928 辰 1929 尘 1930 晨 1931 忱 1932 沉 1933陈1934 趁 1935 衬 1936 伧 5687 谌 5840 谶 5863 抻 6251嗔 6433 宸6923 琛 7201 榇 7320 碜 7755 龀 8619cheng撑 1937 称 1938 城 1939 橙 1940 成 1941 呈 1942 乘 1943程1944 惩 1945 澄 1946 诚 1947 承 1948 逞 1949 骋 1950秤 1951 丞5609 埕 5984 枨 7239 柽 7263 塍 7583 瞠 7810铖 7881 铛 7885 裎8146 蛏 8241 酲 8508chi吃 1952 痴 1953 持 1954 匙 1955 池 1956 迟 1957 弛 1958驰1959 耻 1960 齿 1961 侈 1962 尺 1963 赤 1964 翅 1965斥 1966 炽1967 傺 5749 坻 5970 墀 6015 茌 6061 叱 6319哧 6374 啻 6420 嗤6445 彳 6560 饬 6633 媸 7042 敕 7523眙 7784 眵 7787 鸱 8023 瘛8101 褫 8161 蚩 8231 螭 8304笞 8355 篪 8388 豉 8489 踟 8556 魑8746chong充 1968 冲 1969 虫 1970 崇 1971 宠 1972 茺 6091 忡 6671憧6731 铳 7905 舂 8409 艟 8430chou抽 1973 酬 1974 畴 1975 踌 1976 稠 1977 愁 1978 筹 1979仇1980 绸 1981 瞅 1982 丑 1983 臭 1984 俦 5717 帱 6492惆 6716 瘳8112 雠 8637chu初 1985 出 1986 橱 1987 厨 1988 躇 1989 锄 1990 雏 1991滁1992 除 1993 楚 1994 础 2001 储 2002 矗 2003 搐 2004触 2005 处2006 亍 5601 刍 5927 怵 6680 憷 6732 绌 7109杵 7238 楮 7290 樗7343 褚 8150 蜍 8260 蹰 8573 黜 8777chuai揣 2007 搋 6285 啜 6408 嘬 6460 膪 7590 踹 8563chuan川 2008 穿 2009 椽 2010 传 2011 船 2012 喘 2013 串 2014舛6622 遄 6955 巛 7161 氚 7516 钏 7843 舡 8413chuang疮 2015 窗 2016 幢 2017 床 2018 闯 2019 创 2020 怆6675chui吹 2021 炊 2022 捶 2023 锤 2024 垂 2025 陲 5879 棰 7302槌7319chun春 2026 椿 2027 醇 2028 唇 2029 淳 2030 纯 2031 蠢 2032莼6127 鹑 8040 蝽 8277chuo戳 2033 绰 2034 辍 7401 踔 8554 龊 8626ci疵 2035 茨 2036 磁 2037 雌 2038 辞 2039 慈 2040 瓷 2041词2042 此 2043 刺 2044 赐 2045 次 2046 茈 6075 呲 6358祠 7684 鹚8043 糍 8457cong聪 2047 葱 2048 囱 2049 匆 2050 从 2051 丛 2052 苁 6042淙6840 骢 7085 琮 7193 璁 7214 枞 7240cou凑 2053 楱 7308 辏 7403 腠 7577cu粗 2054 醋 2055 簇 2056 促 2057 蔟 6193 徂 6562 猝 6607殂7367 酢 8501 蹙 8530 蹴 8577cuan蹿 2058 篡 2059 窜 2060 氽 5764 撺 6305 爨 7664 镩7973cui摧 2061 崔 2062 催 2063 脆 2064 瘁 2065 粹 2066 淬 2067翠2068 萃 6145 啐 6393 悴 6718 璀 7213 榱 7333 毳 7505隹 8631 cun村 2069 存 2070 寸 2071 忖 6666 皴 8169cuo磋 2072 撮 2073 搓 2074 措 2075 挫 2076 错 2077 厝 5640嵯6547 脞 7566 锉 7917 矬 7983 痤 8078 鹾 8526 蹉 8567 Dda搭 2078 达 2079 答 2080 瘩 2081 打 2082 大 2083 耷 6239哒6353 嗒 6410 怛 6682 妲 7007 沓 7719 疸 8067 褡 8155笪 8346 靼8716 鞑 8718dai呆 2084 歹 2085 傣 2086 戴 2087 带 2088 殆 2089 代 2090贷2091 袋 2092 待 2093 逮 2094 怠 2101 埭 6004 甙 6316呔 6330 岱6523 迨 6942 骀 7070 绐 7110 玳 7173 黛 8776dan耽 2102 担 2103 丹 2104 单 2105 郸 2106 掸 2107 胆 2108旦2109 氮 2110 但 2111 惮 2112 淡 2113 诞 2114 弹 2115蛋 2116 儋5757 萏 6144 啖 6402 澹 6903 殚 7373 赕 7470眈 7781 瘅 8087 聃8185 箪 8376dang当 2117 挡 2118 党 2119 荡 2120 档 2121 谠 5852 凼 5942菪6148 宕 6920 砀 7724 裆 8141dao刀 2122 捣 2123 蹈 2124 倒 2125 岛 2126 祷 2127 导 2128到2129 稻 2130 悼 2131 道 2132 盗 2133 叨 6322 忉 6665氘 7514 焘7666 纛 8478de德 2134 得 2135 的 2136 锝 7929deng蹬 2137 灯 2138 登 2139 等 2140 瞪 2141 凳 2142 邓 2143噔6466 嶝 6556 戥 7413 磴 7767 镫 7975 簦 8403di堤 2144 低 2145 滴 2146 迪 2147 敌 2148 笛 2149 狄 2150涤2151 翟 2152 嫡 2153 抵 2154 底 2155 地 2156 蒂 2157第 2158 帝2159 弟 2160 递 2161 缔 2162 氐 5621 籴 5765诋 5814 谛 5848 邸5901 荻 6122 嘀 6454 娣 7023 柢 7260棣 7306 觌 7475 砥 7738 碲7758 睇 7791 镝 7965 羝 8438骶 8730dia嗲 6439dian颠 2163 掂 2164 滇 2165 碘 2166 点 2167 典 2168 靛 2169垫2170 电 2171 佃 7172 甸 2173 店 2174 惦 2175 奠 2176淀 2177 殿2178 阽 5871 坫 5967 巅 6559 玷 7172 钿 7868癜 8116 癫 8118 簟8401 踮 8558diao碉 2179 叼 2180 雕 2181 凋 2182 刁 2183 掉 2184 吊 2185钓2186 调 2187 铞 7886 铫 7902 貂 8585 鲷 8684die跌 2188 爹 2189 碟 2190 蝶 2191 迭 2192 谍 2193 叠 2194垤5976 堞 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臬 8411 蹑 8570nin您 369ning柠 3691 狞 3692 凝 3693 宁 3694 拧 3701 泞 3702 佞 5690咛6344 甯 6924 聍 8187niu牛 3703 扭 3704 钮 3705 纽 3706 狃 6580 忸 6678 妞 7004nong脓 3707 浓 3708 农 3709 弄 3710 侬 5715 哝 6370nou耨 8181奴 3711 努 3712 怒 3713 弩 6983 胬 7032 孥 7059 驽 7069nuan暖 3715nuo挪 3718 懦 3719 糯 3720 诺 3721 傩 5748 搦 6289 喏 6386锘7927nü女 3714 恧 7704 钕 7847 衄 8412nüe虐 3716 疟 3717Oo哦 3722 噢 6462ou欧 3723 鸥 3724 殴 3725 藕 3726 呕 3727 偶 3728 沤 3729讴5809 怄 6670 瓯 7417 耦 8178Ppa啪 3730 趴 3731 爬 3732 帕 3733 怕 3734 琶 3735 葩 6166杷7243 筢 8365pai拍 3736 排 3737 牌 3738 徘 3739 湃 3740 派 3741 俳 5729蒎6169 哌 6363pan攀 3742 潘 3743 盘 3744 磐 3745 盼 3746 畔 3747 判 3748叛3749 拚 6253 爿 6761 泮 6790 袢 8140 襻 8165 蟠 8320蹒 8571 pang乓 3750 庞 3751 旁 3752 耪 3753 胖 3754 滂 6872 逄 6944螃8306抛 3755 咆 3756 刨 3757 炮 3758 袍 3759 跑 3760 泡 3761匏6243 狍 6583 庖 6650 脬 7567 疱 8069pei呸 3762 胚 3763 培 3764 裴 3765 赔 3766 陪 3767 配 3768佩3769 沛 3770 辔 6446 帔 6490 旆 7623 锫 7934 醅 8512霈 8612 pen喷 3771 盆 3722 湓 6852peng砰 3773 抨 3774 烹 3775 澎 3776 彭 3777 蓬 3778 棚 3779硼3780 篷 3781 膨 3782 朋 3783 鹏 3784 捧 3785 碰 3786堋 6001 嘭6456 怦 6681 蟛 8318pi坯 3787 砒 3788 霹 3789 批 3790 披 3791 劈 3792 琵 3793毗3794 啤 3801 脾 3802 疲 3803 皮 3804 匹 3805 痞 3806僻 3807 屁3808 譬 3809 丕 5607 仳 5682 陴 5880 邳 5892郫 5915 圮 5960 埤5993 鼙 6017 芘 6037 擗 6308 噼 6472庀 6647 淠 6836 媲 7039 纰7102 枇 7233 甓 7422 睥 7802罴 7828 铍 7875 癖 8117 蚍 8223 蜱8271 貔 8589pian篇 3810 偏 3811 片 3812 骗 3813 谝 5850 骈 7073 犏 7490胼7561 翩 8470 蹁 8568piao飘 3814 漂 3815 瓢 3816 票 3817 剽 5666 嘌 6449 嫖 7046缥7146 殍 7372 瞟 7809 螵 8310pie撇 3818 瞥 3819 苤 6054 氕 7513pin拼 3820 频 3821 贫 3822 品 3823 聘 3824 姘 7016 嫔 7041榀7315 牝 7482 颦 8213 虍 8214。
中日韩统一表意文字 一览表
3300-33FF
U3300.pdf CJK Compatibility
CJK 兼容
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3400-4DBF 4DC0-4DFF 4E00-9FBF A000-A48F A490-A4CF
U3400.pdf U4DC0.pdf U4E00.pdf UA000.pdf UA490.pdf
CJK Unified Ideographs Extension Yijing Hexagrams Symbols CJK Unified Ideographs Yi Syllables Yi Radicals
货币符号 字母式符号 数字形式 箭头
通貨記号 文字様記号 数字に準じるもの 矢印
2200-22FF
U2200.pdf Mathematical Operator
数学运算符
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2300-23FF 2460-24FF
U2300.pdf Miscellaneous Technical U2460.pdf Enclosed Alphanumerics
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0000-007F
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U0000.pdf C0 Control and Basic Latin
C0控制符及基本拉丁文 基本ラテン文字 (ASCII互換)
0080-00FF
U0080.pdf C1 Control and Latin 1 Supplement C1控制符及拉丁文补充-1ラテン1補助
0100-017F 0180-024F 0250-02AF
U0100.pdf Latin Extended-A U0180.pdf Latin Extended-B U0250.pdf IPA Extensions
ML4425资料
General Description
The ML4425 PWM motor controller provides all of the functions necessary for starting and controlling the speed of delta or wye wound Brushless DC (BLDC) motors without Hall Effect sensors. Back EMF voltage is sensed from the motor windings to determine the proper commutation phase sequence using a PLL. This patented sensing technique will commutate a wide range of 3-Phase BLDC motors and is insensitive to PWM noise and motor snubbing circuitry. The ML4425 limits the motor current using a constant offtime PWM control loop. The velocity loop is controlled with an onboard amplifier. The ML4425 has circuitry to ensure that there is no shoot-through in directly driven external power MOSFETs. The timing of the start-up sequence is determined by the selection of three timing capacitors. This allows optimization for a wide range of motors and loads.
TC4424EMF资料
2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 1TC4423/TC4424/TC4425Features•High Peak Output Current: 3A•Wide Input Supply Voltage Operating Range:- 4.5V to 18V•High Capacitive Load Drive Capability:-1800pF in 25ns•Short Delay Times: <40ns (typ)•Matched Rise/Fall Times •Low Supply Current:-With Logic ‘1’ Input – 3.5mA (Max)-With Logic ‘0’ Input – 350µA (Max)•Low Output Impedance: 3.5Ω (typ)•Latch-Up Protected: Will Withstand 1.5A Reverse Current•Logic Input Will Withstand Negative Swing Up To 5V•ESD Protected: 4kV•Pin compatible with the TC1426/TC1427/TC1428, TC4426/TC4427/TC4428 and TC4426A/TC4427A/TC4428A devices.•Space-saving 8-Pin 6x5 DFN PackageApplications•Switch Mode Power Supplies •Pulse Transformer Drive •Line DriversGeneral DescriptionThe TC4423/TC4424/TC4425 devices are a family of 3A, dual-output buffers/MOSFET drivers. Pin compati-ble with the TC1426/27/28, TC4426/27/28 and TC4426A/27A/28A dual 1.5A driver families, the TC4423/24/25 family has an increased latch-up current rating of 1.5A, making them even more robust for operation in harsh electrical environments.As MOSFET drivers, the TC4423/TC4424/TC4425 can easily charge 1800pF gate capacitance in under 35nsec, providing low enough impedances in both the on and off states to ensure the MOSFET's intended state will not be affected, even by large transients.The TC4423/TC4424/TC4425 inputs may be driven directly from either TTL or CMOS (2.4V to 18V). In addition, the 300mV of built-in hysteresis provides noise immunity and allows the device to be driven from slowly rising or falling waveforms.Package Types (1)8-Pin DFN (2)NCIN A GNDIN B 234567818-Pin PDIP 1234NC 5678OUT A OUT B NC IN A GND IN BV DD TC4423TC4424Note 1:Duplicate pins must both be connected for proper operation.2:Exposed pad of the DFN package is electrically isolated.TC4423TC4424NC OUT A OUT B V DD TC4423TC4424TC4425NC OUT A OUT BV DD 1234567816131211109NC IN A NC GND GND NC IN B NCNC OUT A V DD V DD OUT B OUT B NC OUT A 1514TC4423TC4424TC442516-Pin SOIC (Wide)NC OUT A V DD V DD OUT B OUT B NC OUT A OUT A V DD V DD OUT B OUT B NCOUT A TC4423TC4424TC4425NC TC4425TC4425NC OUT A OUT BV DD TC4423TC4424NC OUT A OUT BV DD TC4425NC OUT A OUT BV DD 3A Dual High-Speed Power MOSFET DriversTC4423/TC4424/TC4425DS21421D-page 2 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.Functional Block Diagram (1)Effective Input C = 20pF (Each Input)TC4423 Dual Inverting TC4424 Dual Non-invertingTC4425 One Inverting, One Non-invertingOutputInputGNDV DD300mV4.7VInvertingNon-invertingNote 1:Unused inputs should be grounded.750µATC4423/TC4424/TC4425 1.0ELECTRICALCHARACTERISTICSAbsolute Maximum Ratings †Supply Voltage................................................................+22VInput Voltage, IN A or IN B................................................(V DD + 0.3V) to (GND – 5V)Package Power Dissipation (T A≤ 70°C) DFN.........................................................................Note2 PDIP.......................................................................730mW SOIC.......................................................................470mW† Notice: Stresses above those listed under "MaximumRatings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This isa stress rating only and functional operation of the device atthose or any other conditions above those indicated in theoperational sections of this specification is not intended.Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periodsmay affect device reliability.DC CHARACTERISTICSElectrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, T A = +25°C, with 4.5V ≤ V DD ≤ 18V.Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units ConditionsInputLogic ‘1’, High Input Voltage V IH 2.4——VLogic ‘0’, Low Input Voltage V IL——0.8VInput Current I IN–1—1µA0V ≤ V IN ≤ V DDOutputHigh Output Voltage V OH V DD – 0.025——VLow Output Voltage V OL——0.025VOutput Resistance, High R OH— 2.85ΩI OUT = 10mA, V DD = 18VOutput Resistance, Low R OL— 3.55ΩI OUT = 10mA, V DD = 18VPeak Output Current I PK—3—ALatch-Up Protection With-stand Reverse CurrentI REV—>1.5—A Duty cycle ≤ 2%, t ≤ 300µsec. Switching Time (Note1)Rise Time t R—2335ns Figure4-1, Figure4-2,C L = 1800pFFall Time t F—2535ns Figure4-1, Figure4-2,C L = 1800pFDelay Time t D1—3375ns Figure4-1, Figure4-2,C L = 1800pFDelay Time t D2—3875ns Figure4-1, Figure4-2,C L = 1800pFPower SupplyPower Supply Current I S——1.50.152.50.25mA V IN = 3V (Both inputs)V IN = 0V (Both inputs)Note1:Switching times ensured by design.2:Package power dissipation is dependent on the copper pad area on the PCB.2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 3TC4423/TC4424/TC4425DS21421D-page 4 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DC CHARACTERISTICS (OVER OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE)TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICSElectrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, operating temperature range with 4.5V ≤ V DD ≤ 18V.ParametersSymMinTypMaxUnitsConditionsInputLogic ‘1’, High Input Voltage V IH 2.4——V Logic ‘0’, Low Input Voltage V IL ——0.8V Input Current I IN–10—+10µA0V ≤ V IN ≤ V DDOutputHigh Output Voltage V OH V DD – 0.025——V Low Output Voltage V OL ——0.025V Output Resistance, High R OH — 3.78ΩI OUT = 10mA, V DD = 18V Output Resistance, Low R OL — 4.38ΩI OUT = 10mA, V DD = 18VPeak Output Current I PK — 3.0—A Latch-Up ProtectionWithstand Reverse Current I REV—>1.5—ADuty cycle ≤ 2%, t ≤ 300µsec Switching Time (Note 1)Rise Time t R —2860ns Figure 4-1, Figure 4-2, C L = 1800pFFall Time t F —3260ns Figure 4-1, Figure 4-2, C L = 1800pFDelay Time t D1—32100ns Figure 4-1, Figure 4-2, C L = 1800pFDelay Time t D2—38100nsFigure 4-1, Figure 4-2, C L = 1800pFPower Supply Power Supply CurrentI S——2.00.23.50.3mAV IN = 3V (Both inputs)V IN = 0V (Both inputs)Note 1:Switching times ensured by design.Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise noted, all parameters apply with 4.5V ≤ V DD ≤ 18V.ParametersSymMinTypMaxUnitsConditionsTemperature RangesSpecified Temperature Range (C)T A 0—+70°C Specified Temperature Range (E)T A –40—+85°C Specified Temperature Range (V)T A –40—+125°C Maximum Junction Temperature T J ——+150°C Storage Temperature Range T A–65—+150°CPackage Thermal Resistances Thermal Resistance, 8L-6x5 DFN θJA —33.2—°C/W Typical four-layer board with vias to ground planeThermal Resistance, 8L-PDIP θJA —125—°C/W Thermal Resistance, 16L-SOICθJA—155—°C/WTC4423/TC4424/TC4425 2.0TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVESFIGURE 2-1:Rise Time vs. Supply Voltage.FIGURE 2-2:Rise Time vs. Capacitive Load.FIGURE 2-3:Rise and Fall Times vs. Temperature.FIGURE 2-4:Fall Time vs. Supply Voltage.FIGURE 2-5:Fall Time vs. Capacitive Load.FIGURE 2-6:Propagation Delay vs. Input Amplitude.Note:The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range.2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 5TC4423/TC4424/TC4425DS21421D-page 6 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.Typical Performance Curves (Continued)FIGURE 2-7:Propagation Delay Time vs.Supply Voltage.FIGURE 2-8:Quiescent Current vs.Supply Voltage.FIGURE 2-9:Output Resistance (Output High) vs. Supply Voltage.FIGURE 2-10:Propagation Delay Time vs.Temperature.FIGURE 2-11:Quiescent Current vs.Temperature.FIGURE 2-12:Output Resistance (Output Low) vs. Supply Voltage.TC4423/TC4424/TC4425Typical Performance Curves (Continued)Note: Load on single output onlyFIGURE 2-13:Supply Current vs. Capacitive Load.FIGURE 2-14:Supply Current vs. Capacitive Load.FIGURE 2-15:Supply Current vs. Capacitive Load.FIGURE 2-16:Supply Current vs. Frequency.FIGURE 2-17:Supply Current vs. Frequency.FIGURE 2-18:Supply Current vs. Frequency.2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 7TC4423/TC4424/TC4425Typical Performance Curves (Continued)FIGURE 2-19:TC4423 Crossover Energy.DS21421D-page 8 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.TC4423/TC4424/TC44253.0PIN DESCRIPTIONSThe descriptions of the pins are listed in Table3-1.TABLE 3-1:PIN FUNCTION TABLE (1)3.1Inputs A and BInputs A and B are TTL/CMOS compatible inputs that control outputs A and B, respectively. These inputs have 300mV of hysteresis between the high and low input levels, allowing them to be driven from slow rising and falling signals, and to provide noise immunity. 3.2Outputs A and BOutputs A and B are CMOS push-pull outputs that are capable of sourcing and sinking 3A peaks of current (V DD = 18V). The low output impedance ensures the gate of the external MOSFET will stay in the intended state even during large transients. These outputs also have a reverse current latch-up rating of 1.5A.3.3Supply Input (V DD)V DD is the bias supply input for the MOSFET driver and has a voltage range of 4.5V to 18V. This input must be decoupled to ground with a local ceramic capacitor. This bypass capacitor provides a localized low-impedance path for the peak currents that are to be provided to the load.3.4Ground (GND)Ground is the device return pin. The ground pin(s) should have a low-impedance connection to the bias supply source return. High peak currents will flow out the ground pin(s) when the capacitive load is being discharged.3.5Exposed Metal PadThe exposed metal pad of the 6x5 DFN package is not internally connected to any potential. Therefore, this pad can be connected to a ground plane or other cop-per plane on a printed circuit board to aid in heat removal from the package.8-Pin PDIP 8-PinDFN16-PinSOIC(Wide)Symbol Description111NC No connection222IN A Input A——3NC No connection334GND Ground——5GND Ground——6NC No connection447IN B Input B——8NC No connection——9NC No connection5510OUT B Output B——11OUT B Output B6612V DD Supply input——13V DD Supply input7714OUT A Output A——15OUT A Output A8816NC No connection—PAD—NC Exposed Metal PadNote1:Duplicate pins must be connected for proper operation.2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 9TC4423/TC4424/TC4425DS21421D-page 10 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.4.0APPLICATIONS INFORMATIONFIGURE 4-1:Inverting Driver SwitchingTime.FIGURE 4-2:Non-inverting DriverSwitching Time.0.1µF +5V 10%90%10%90%10%90%18V 1µF WIMA MKS-20V0V TC4423(1/2 TC4425)12C L = 1800pFInputInput Output t D1t Ft D2Input: 100kHz, square wave,Outputt RV DD = 18Vt RISE = t FALL ≤ 10nsCeramic 90%Inputt D1t Ft D2Outputt R10%10%10%+5V 18V 0V0V 90%90%Input: 100kHz, square wave,t RISE = t FALL ≤ 10ns0.1µF 1µF WIMA MKS-2TC4424(1/2 TC4425)12 C L = 1800pFInputOutput V DD = 18VCeramic2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 11TC4423/TC4424/TC44255.0PACKAGING INFORMATION5.1Package Marking Information8-Lead PDIP (300 mil)Example:Legend: XX (X)Customer specific information*YY Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)WW Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)NNN Alphanumeric traceability codeNote :In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line thus limiting the number of available characters for customer specific information.*Standard marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code, traceability code (facility code, mask rev#, and assembly code). For marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Pleasecheck with your Microchip Sales Office.16-Lead SOIC (300 mil)Example:8-Lead DFNExample :TC4423/TC4424/TC4425DS21421D-page 12 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 13TC4423/TC4424/TC44258-Lead Plastic Dual In-line (P) – 300 mil (PDIP)B1BA1ALA2pαEeBβcE1nD12UnitsINCHES*MILLIMETERSDimension LimitsMINNOMMAXMIN NOMMAXNumber of Pins n 88Pitchp.100 2.54Top to Seating PlaneA .140.155.170 3.56 3.94 4.32Molded Package Thickness A2.115.130.145 2.92 3.30 3.68Base to Seating PlaneA1.0150.38Shoulder to Shoulder Width E .300.313.3257.627.948.26Molded Package Width E1.240.250.260 6.10 6.35 6.60Overall LengthD .360.373.3859.149.469.78Tip to Seating Plane L .125.130.135 3.18 3.30 3.43Lead Thickness c .008.012.0150.200.290.38Upper Lead Width B1.045.058.070 1.14 1.46 1.78Lower Lead Width B .014.018.0220.360.460.56Overall Row Spacing §eB .310.370.4307.879.4010.92Mold Draft Angle Top α5101551015Mold Draft Angle Bottom β5101551015* Controlling Parameter Notes:Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed JEDEC Equivalent: MS-001Drawing No. C04-018.010” (0.254mm) per side.§ Significant CharacteristicTC4423/TC4424/TC4425DS21421D-page 14 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.16-Lead Plastic Small Outline (SO) – Wide, 300 mil (SOIC)Foot Angleφ0480481512015120βMold Draft Angle Bottom 1512015120αMold Draft Angle Top 0.510.420.36.020.017.014B Lead Width0.330.280.23.013.011.009c Lead Thickness 1.270.840.41.050.033.016L Foot Length 0.740.500.25.029.020.010h Chamfer Distance 10.4910.3010.10.413.406.398D Overall Length 7.597.497.39.299.295.291E1Molded Package Width 10.6710.3410.01.420.407.394E Overall Width0.300.200.10.012.008.004A1Standoff § 2.392.312.24.094.091.088A2Molded Package Thickness 2.642.502.36.104.099.093A Overall Height1.27.050pPitch1616n Number of PinsMAXNOMMIN MAX NOMMIN Dimension LimitsMILLIMETERSINCHES*UnitsLβcφh45°12DpnBE1EαA2A1A* Controlling Parameter Notes:Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010” (0.254mm) per side.JEDEC Equivalent: MS-013Drawing No. C04-102§ Significant Characteristic2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 15TC4423/TC4424/TC4425PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMTo order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office .Sales and SupportDevice:TC4423: 3A Dual MOSFET Driver, InvertingTC4424: 3A Dual MOSFET Driver, Non-Inverting TC4425: 3A Dual MOSFET Driver, Complementary Temperature Range:C =0°C to +70°C (PDIP & SOIC Only)E =-40°C to +85°C V=-40°C to +125°CPackage:MF =Dual, Flat, No-Lead (6x5 mm Body), 8-lead MF713=Dual, Flat, No-Lead (6x5 mm Body), 8-lead(Tape and Reel)OE =SOIC (Wide), 16-pinOE713=SOIC (Wide), 16-pin (Tape and Reel)PA =Plastic DIP , (300 mil body), 8-lead PB Free:G=Lead-Free device *=Blank* Available on selected packages. Contact your local sales representative for availability.Examples:a)TC4423COE:3A Dual Inverting MOSFET Driver,0°C to +70°C,16LD SOIC package.b)TC4423CPA: 3A Dual InvertingMOSFET Driver,0°C to +70°C,8LD PDIP package .c)TC4423VMF:3A Dual Inverting MOSFET Driver,-40°C to +125°C,8LD DFN package .a)TC4424COE713:3A Dual Non-Inverting,MOSFET Driver,0°C to +70°C,16LD SOIC package,Tape and Reel.b)TC4424EPA:3A Dual Non-Inverting,MOSFET Driver,-40°C to +85°C,8LD PDIP package.a)TC4425EOE: 3A Dual Complementary,MOSFET Driver,-40°C to +85°C,16LD SOIC package .b)TC4425CPA:3A Dual Complementary,MOSFET Driver,0°C to +70°C,PDIP package .PART NO.X XX PackageTemperature RangeDeviceXXX Tape & ReelX PB FreeData SheetsProducts supported by a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences andrecommended workarounds. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following:1.Your local Microchip sales office2.The Microchip Corporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (480) 792-72773.The Microchip Worldwide Site ()Please specify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (include Literature #) you are using.Customer Notification SystemRegister on our web site (/cn) to receive the most current information on our products.TC4423/TC4424/TC4425NOTES:DS21421D-page 16 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.2004 Microchip Technology Inc.DS21421D-page 17Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications.No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights.TrademarksThe Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, K EE L OQ , micro ID , MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC, and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of MicrochipTechnology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.AmpLab, FilterLab, MXDEV, MXLAB, PICMASTER, SEEVAL, SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, dsPICDEM, , dsPICworks, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit SerialProgramming, ICSP , ICEPIC, Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM, PICkit, PICDEM, , PICLAB, PICtail, PowerCal, PowerInfo, PowerMate,PowerTool, rfLAB, rfPICDEM, Select Mode, Smart Serial, SmartTel and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies.© 2004, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.Printed on recycled paper.Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:•Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.•Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions.•There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to ourknowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.•Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.•Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 quality system certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona and Mountain View, California in October 2003. The Company’s quality system processes andprocedures are for its PICmicro ® 8-bit MCUs, K EE L OQ ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. 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MIC4424中文资料
MIC4424中⽂资料MIC4423/4424/4425 Electrical Characteristics4.5V ≤ V S ≤ 18V; T A = 25°C, bold values indicate –40°C ≤ T A ≤ +85°C; unless noted.Symbol ParameterConditionsMinTypMaxUnitsInput V IH Logic 1 Input Voltage 2.4V V IL Logic 0 Input Voltage 0.8V I IN Input Current0V ≤ V IN ≤ V S–11µA –1010µAOutput V OH High Output Voltage V S –0.025V V OL Low Output Voltage 0.025V R OOutput Resistance HI StateI OUT = 10mA, V S = 18V2.85?V IN = 0.8V, I OUT = 10mA, V S = 18V3.78?Output Resistance LO StateI OUT = 10mA, V S = 18V3.55?V IN = 2.4V, I OUT = 10mA, V S = 18V4.38I PK Peak Output Current 3A ILatch-Up Protection>500mAWithstand Reverse CurrentSwitching Time (Note 4)t R Rise Time test Figure 1, C L = 1800pF 2335ns 2860ns t F Fall Time test Figure 1, C L = 1800pF 2535ns 3260ns t D1Delay Tlme test Ffigure 1, C L = 1800pF 3375ns 32100ns t D2Delay Timetest Figure 1, C L = 1800pF3875ns 38100nsPower Supply I S Power Supply Current V IN = 3.0V (both inputs) 1.5 2.5mA 2 3.5mA I SPower Supply CurrentV IN = 0.0V (both inputs)0.150.25mA 0.20.3mANote 1.Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.Note 2.The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.Note 3.Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. ESD tested to human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF.Note 4.Switching times guaranteed by design.Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)Supply Voltage (22)Input Voltage.................................V S + 0.3V to GND – 5V Junction Temperature ..............................................150°C Storage Temperature Range ....................–65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (10 sec.).....................................300°C ESD Susceptability, Note 3.. (1000V)Operating Ratings (Note 2)Supply Voltage (V S )....................................+4.5V to +18V Temperature RangeC Version ..................................................0°C to +70°C B Version...............................................–40°C to +85°C Package Thermal ResistanceDIP θJA .............................................................130°C/W DIP θJC ...............................................................42°C/W Wide-SOIC θJA .................................................120°C/W Wide-SOIC θJC ...................................................75°C/W SOIC θJA ..........................................................120°C/W SOIC θJC ............................................................75°C/WApplication InformationAlthough the MIC4423/24/25 drivers have been specifically constructed to operate reliably under any practical circumstances, there are nonetheless details of usage which will provide better operation of the device.Supply BypassingCharging and discharging large capacitive loads quickly requires large currents. For example, charging 2000pF from 0 to 15 volts in 20ns requires a constant current of 1.5A. In practice, the charging current is not constant, and will usually peak at around 3A. In order to charge the capacitor, the driver must be capable of drawing this much current, this quickly, from the system power supply. In turn, this means that as far as the driver is concerned, the system power supply, as seen by the driver, must have a VERY low impedance.As a practical matter, this means that the power supply bus must be capacitively bypassed at the driver with at least 100X the load capacitance in order to achieve optimum driving speed. It also implies that the bypassing capacitor must have very low internal inductance and resistance at all frequencies of interest. Generally, this means using two capacitors, one a high-performance low ESR film, the other a low internal resistance ceramic, as together the valleys in their two impedance curves allow adequate performance over a broad enough band to get the job done. PLEASE NOTE that many film capacitors can be sufficiently inductive as to be useless for this service. Likewise, many multilayer ceramic capacitors have unacceptably highinternal resistance. Use capacitors intended for high pulse current service (in-house we use WIMA? film capacitors and AVX Ramguard? ceramics; several other manufacturers of equivalent devices also exist). The high pulse current demands of capacitive drivers also mean that the bypass capacitors must be mounted very close to the driver in order to prevent the effects of lead inductance or PCB land inductance from nullifying what you are trying to accomplish. For optimum results the sum of the lengths of the leads and the lands from the capacitor body to the driver body should total 2.5cm or less.Bypass capacitance, and its close mounting to the driver serves two purposes. Not only does it allow optimum performance from the driver, it minimizes the amount of lead length radiating at high frequency during switching, (due to the large ? I) thus minimizing the amount of EMI later available for system disruption and subsequent cleanup. It should also be noted that the actual frequency of the EMI produced by a driver is not the clock frequency at which it is driven, but is related to the highest rate of change of current produced during switching, a frequency generally one or two orders of magnitude higher, and thus more difficult to filter if you let it permeate your system. Good bypassing practice is essential to proper operation of high speed driver ICs. GroundingBoth proper bypassing and proper grounding are necessary for optimum driver operation. Bypassing capacitance only allows a driver to turn the load ON. Eventually (except in rare circumstances) it is also necessary to turn the load OFF. This requires attention to the ground path. Two things other than the driver affect the rate at which it is possible to turn a load off: The adequacy of the grounding available for the driver, and the inductance of the leads from the driver to the load. The latter will be discussed in a separate section.Best practice for a ground path is obviously a well laid out ground plane. However, this is not always practical, and a poorly-laid out ground plane can be worse than none. Attention to the paths taken by return currents even in a ground plane is essential. In general, the leads from the driver to its load, the driver to the power supply, and the driver to whatever is driving it should all be as low in resistance and inductance as possible. Of the three paths, the ground lead from the driver to the logic driving it is most sensitive to resistance or inductance, and ground current from the load are what is most likely to cause disruption. Thus, these ground paths should be arranged so that they never share a land, or do so for as short a distance as is practical.To illustrate what can happen, consider the following: The inductance of a 2cm long land, 1.59mm (0.062") wide on a PCB with no ground plane is approximately 45nH. Assuming a dl/dt of 0.3A/ns (which will allow a current of 3A to flow after 10ns, and is thus slightly slow for our purposes) a voltage of 13.5 Volts will develop along this land in response to our postulated Ι. For a 1cm land, (approximately 15nH) 4.5 Volts is developed. Either way, anyone using TTL-level input signals to the driver will find that the response of their driver has been seriously degraded by a common ground path for input to and output from the driver of the given dimensions. Note that this is before accounting for any resistive drops in the circuit. The resistive drop in a 1.59mm (0.062") land of 2oz. Copper carrying 3A will be about 4mV/cm (10mV/in) at DC, and the resistance will increase with frequency as skin effect comes into play.The problem is most obvious in inverting drivers where the input and output currents are in phase so that any attempt to raise the driver’s input voltage (in order to turn the driver’s load off) is countered by the voltage developed on the common ground path as the driver attempts to do what it was supposed to. It takes very little common ground path, under these circumstances, to alter circuit operation drastically.Output Lead InductanceThe same descriptions just given for PCB land inductance apply equally well for the output leads from a driver to its load, except that commonly the load is located much further away from the driver than the driver’s ground bus.Generally, the best way to treat the output lead inductance problem, when distances greater than 4cm (2") are involved, requires treating the output leads as a transmission line. Unfortunately, as both the output impedance of the driver and the input impedance of the MOSFET gate are at least an order of magnitude lower than the impedance of common coax, using coax is seldom a cost-effective solution. A twisted pair works about as well, is generally lower in cost, and allows use of a wider variety of connectors. The second wire of the twisted pair should carry common from as close as possibleto the ground pin of the driver directly to the ground terminal of the load. Do not use a twisted pair where the second wire in the pair is the output of the other driver, as this will not provide a complete current path for either driver. Likewise, do not use a twisted triad with two outputs and a common return unless both of the loads to be driver are mounted extremely close to each other, and you can guarantee that they will never be switching at the same time.For output leads on a printed circuit, the general rule is to make them as short and as wide as possible. The lands should also be treated as transmission lines: i.e. minimize sharp bends, or narrowings in the land, as these will cause ringing. For a rough estimate, on a 1.59mm (0.062") thick G-10 PCB a pair of opposing lands each 2.36mm (0.093") wide translates to a characteristic impedance of about 50?. Half that width suffices on a 0.787mm (0.031") thick board. For accurate impedance matching with a MIC4423/24/25 driver, on a 1.59mm (0.062") board a land width of 42.75mm (1.683") would be required, due to the low impedance of the driver and (usually) its load. This is obviously impractical under most circumstances. Generallythe tradeoff point between lands and wires comes when lands narrower than 3.18mm (0.125") would be required on a1.59mm (0.062") board.To obtain minimum delay between the driver and the load, it is considered best to locate the driver as close as possible to the load (using adequate bypassing). Using matching transformers at both ends of a piece of coax, or several matched lengths of coax between the driver and the load, works in theory, but is not optimum.Driving at Controlled RatesOccasionally there are situations where a controlled rise or fall time (which may be considerably longer than the normal rise or fall time of the driver’s output) is desired for a load. In such cases it is still prudent to employ best possible practice in terms of bypassing, grounding and PCB layout, and then reduce the switching speed of the load (NOT the driver) by adding a noninductive series resistor of appropriate value between the output of the driver and the load. For situations where only rise or only fall should be slowed, the resistor can be paralleled with a fast diode so that switching in the other direction remains fast. Due to the Schmitt-trigger action of the driver’s input it is not possible to slow the rate of rise (or fall) of the driver’s input signal to achieve slowing of the output. Input StageThe input stage of the MIC4423/24/25 consists of a single-MOSFET class A stage with an input capacitance of ≤38pF. This capacitance represents the maximum load from the driver that will be seen by its controlling logic. The drain load on the input MOSFET is a –2mA current source. Thus, the quiescent current drawn by the driver varies, depending on the logic state of the input.Following the input stage is a buffer stage which provides ~400mV of hysteresis for the input, to prevent oscillations when slowly-changing input signals are used or when noise is present on the input. Input voltage switching threshold is approximately 1.5V which makes the driver directly compatible with TTL signals, or with CMOS powered from any supply voltage between 3V and 15V.The MIC4423/24/25 drivers can also be driven directly by the SG1524/25/26/27, TL494/95, TL594/95, NE5560/61/62/68, TSC170, MIC38C42, and similar switch mode power supply ICs. By relocating the main switch drive function into the driver rather than using the somewhat limited drive capabilities of a PWM IC. The PWM IC runs cooler, which generally improves its performance and longevity, and the main switches switch faster, which reduces switching losses and increase system efficiency.The input protection circuitry of the MIC4423/24/25, in addition to providing 2kV or more of ESD protection, also works to prevent latchup or logic upset due to ringing or voltage spiking on the logic input terminal. In most CMOS devices when the logic input rises above the power supply terminal, or descends below the ground terminal, the device can be destroyed or rendered inoperable until the power supply is cycled OFF and ON. The MIC4423/24/25 drivers have been designed to prevent this. Input voltages excursions as great as 5V below ground will not alter the operation of the device. Input excursions above the power supply voltage will result in the excess voltage being conducted to the power supply terminal of the IC. Because the excess voltage is simply conducted to the power terminal, if the input to the driver is left in a high state when the power supply to the driver is turned off, currents as high as 30mA can be conducted through the driver from the input terminal to its power supply terminal. This may overload the output of whatever is driving the driver, and may cause other devices that share the driver’s power supply, as well as the driver, to operate when they are assumed to be off, but it will not harm the driver itself. Excessive input voltage will also slow the driver down, and result in much longer internal propagation delays within the drivers. T D2, for example, may increase to several hundred nanoseconds. In general, while the driver will accept this sort of misuse without damage, proper termination of the line feeding the driver so that line spiking and ringing are minimized, will always result in faster and more reliable operation of the device, leave less EMI to be filtered elsewhere, be less stressful to other components in the circuit, and leave less chance of unintended modes of operation. Power DissipationCMOS circuits usually permit the user to ignore power dissipation. Logic families such as 4000 series and 74Cxxx have outputs which can only source or sink a few milliamps of current, and even shorting the output of the device to ground or V CC may not damage the device. CMOS drivers, on the other hand, are intended to source or sink several Amps of current. This is necessary in order to drive large capacitive loads at frequencies into the megahertz range. Package power dissipation of driver ICs can easily be exceeded when driving large loads at high frequencies. Care must therefore be paid to device dissipation when operating in this domain. The Supply Current vs Frequency and Supply Current vs Load characteristic curves furnished with this data sheet aidin estimating power dissipation in the driver. Operating frequency, power supply voltage, and load all affect power dissipation.Given the power dissipation in the device, and the thermal resistance of the package, junction operating temperature for any ambient is easy to calculate. For example, the thermal resistance of the 8-pin plastic DIP package, from the datasheet, is150°C/W. In a 25°C ambient, then, using a maximum junction temperature of 150°C, this package will dissipate 960mW. Accurate power dissipation numbers can be obtained by summing the three sources of power dissipation in the device:? Load power dissipation (P L)Quiescent power dissipation (P Q)Transition power dissipation (P T)Calculation of load power dissipation differs depending on whether the load is capacitive, resistive or inductive. Resistive Load Power DissipationDissipation caused by a resistive load can be calculated as: P L = I2 R O Dwhere:I =the current drawn by the loadR O =the output resistance of the driver when theoutput is high, at the power supply voltage used(See characteristic curves)D =fraction of time the load is conducting (duty cycle) Capacitive Load Power DissipationDissipation caused by a capacitive load is simply the energy placed in, or removed from, the load capacitance by the driver. The energy stored in a capacitor is described by the equation:E = 1/2 C V2As this energy is lost in the driver each time the load is charged or discharged, for power dissipation calculations the 1/2 is removed. This equation also shows that it is good practice not to place more voltage in the capacitor than is necessary, as dissipation increases as the square of the voltage applied to the capacitor. For a driver with a capacitive load:P L = f C (V S)2where:f =Operating FrequencyC =Load CapacitanceV S =Driver Supply VoltageInductive Load Power DissipationFor inductive loads the situation is more complicated. For the part of the cycle in which the driver is actively forcing current into the inductor, the situation is the same as it is in the resistive case:P L1 = I2 R O DHowever, in this instance the R O required may be either the on resistance of the driver when its output is in the high state, or its on resistance when the driver is in the low state, depending on how the inductor is connected, and this is still only half the story. For the part of the cycle when the inductor is forcing current through the driver, dissipation is best described asP L2 = I V D (1 – D)where V D is the forward drop of the clamp diode in the driver (generally around 0.7V). The two parts of the load dissipation must be summed in to produce P LP L = P L1 + P L2Quiescent Power DissipationQuiescent power dissipation (P Q, as described in the input section) depends on whether the input is high or low. A low input will result in a maximum current drain (per driver) of ≤0.2mA; a logic high will result in a current drain of ≤2.0mA. Quiescentpower can therefore be found from:P Q = V S [D I H + (1 – D) I L]where:I H =quiescent current with input highI L =quiescent current with input lowD = fraction of time input is high (duty cycle)V S =power supply voltageTransition Power DissipationTransition power is dissipated in the driver each time its output changes state, because during the transition, for a very brief interval, both the N- and P-channel MOSFETs in the output totem-pole are ON simultaneously, and a current is conducted through them from V S to ground. The transition power dissipation is approximately:P T = f V S (A?s)where (A?s) is a time-current factor derived from Figure 2.Total power (P D) then, as previously described is justP D = P L + P Q +P TExamples show the relative magnitude for each term.EXAMPLE 1: A MIC4423 operating on a 12V supply driving two capacitive loads of 3000pF each, operating at 250kHz, with a duty cycle of 50%, in a maximum ambient of 60°C.First calculate load power loss:P L = f x C x (V S)2P L= 250,000 x (3 x 10–9 + 3 x 10–9) x 122= 0.2160WThen transition power loss:P T = f x V S x (A?s)= 250,000 ? 12 ? 2.2 x 10–9 = 6.6mWThen quiescent power loss:P Q= V S x [D x I H + (1 – D) x I L]= 12 x [(0.5 x 0.0035) + (0.5 x 0.0003)]= 0.0228WTotal power dissipation, then, is:P D= 0.2160 + 0.0066 + 0.0228= 0.2454WAssuming an SOIC package, with an θJA of 120°C/W, this will result in the junction running at:0.2454 x 120 = 29.4°Cabove ambient, which, given a maximum ambient temperature of 60°C, will result in a maximum junction temperature of 89.4°C.EXAMPLE 2: A MIC4424 operating on a 15V input, with one driver driving a 50? resistive load at 1MHz, with a duty cycle of67%, and the other driver quiescent, in a maximum ambient temperature of 40°C:P L = I2 x R O x DFirst, I O must be determined.I O = V S / (R O + R LOAD)Given R O from the characteristic curves then,I O = 15 / (3.3 + 50)I O = 0.281Aand:P L= (0.281)2 x 3.3 x 0.67= 0.174WP T= F x V S x (A?s)/2(because only one side is operating)= (1,000,000 x 15 x 3.3 x 10–9) / 2= 0.025 Wand:P Q = 15 x [(0.67 x 0.00125) + (0.33 x 0.000125) +(1 x 0.000125)](this assumes that the unused side of the driver has its input grounded, which is more efficient)= 0.015Wthen:P D= 0.174 + 0.025 + 0.0150= 0.213WIn a ceramic package with an θJA of 100°C/W, this amount of power results in a junction temperature given the maximum 40°C ambient of:(0.213 x 100) + 40 = 61.4°CThe actual junction temperature will be lower than calculated both because duty cycle is less than 100% and because the graph lists R DS(on) at a T J of 125°C and the R DS(on) at 61°C T J will be somewhat lower.DefinitionsC L =Load Capacitance in Farads.D =Duty Cycle expressed as the fraction of time the inputto the driver is high.f =Operating Frequency of the driver in HertzI H =Power supply current drawn by a driver when bothinputs are high and neither output is loaded.I L =Power supply current drawn by a driver when bothinputs are low and neither output is loaded.I D =Output current from a driver in Amps.P D =Total power dissipated in a driver in Watts.P L =Power dissipated in the driver due to the driver’s load in Watts.P Q =Power dissipated in a quiescent driver in Watts.P T=Power dissipated in a driver when the output changes states (“shoot-through current”) in Watts. NOTE: The “shoot-through” current from a dual transition (onceup, once down) for both drivers is stated in the graphon the following page in ampere-nanoseconds. Thisfigure must be multiplied by the number of repetitionsper second (frequency to find Watts).R O=Output resistance of a driver in Ohms.V S=Power supply voltage to the IC in Volts.。
特殊字符区位码速查
特殊字符区位码速查1980年,为了使每一个汉字有一个全国统一的代码,我国颁布了第一个汉字编码的国家标准:GB2312-80《信息交换用汉字编码字符集》基本集,这个字符集是我国中文信息处理技术的发展基础,也是目前国内所有汉字系统的统一标准。
国标码是一个四位十六进制数,区位码是一个四位的十进制数,每个国标码或区位码都对应着一个唯一的汉字或符号,但因为十六进制数我们很少用到,所以大家常用的是区位码,它的前两位叫做区码,后两位叫做位码。
通常,在DOS下的各汉字系统中,同时按Alt键和F1键即可调用区位码输入方法。
而在Windows中常用Ctrl+空格键和Ctrl+Shift键调出区位码。
如“2901”代表“健”字,“4582”代表“万”字,“8150”代表“楮”字,这些都是汉字,用区位码还可以很轻松地输入特殊符号,比如,“0189”代表“※”(符号),“0528”代表“ゼ”(日本语),“0711”代表“Й”(俄文),“0949”代表“┭”(制表符)。
在区位码中,01-09区为特殊字符,10-55区为一级汉字(3755个最常用的汉字,按拼音字母的次序排列),56-87区为二级汉字(3008个汉字,按部首次序排列),在区位码汉字输入方法中,汉字编码无重码,在熟练掌握汉字的区位码后,录入汉字的速度是很快的,但若想记忆住全部区位码是相当困难的,常使用于录入特殊符号,如制表符、希腊字母等,这里简单介绍几个区。
部分国际区位编码区号:01 【各类符号】0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 190100 、。
· ˉ ˇ ¨ 〃々- ~‖… ' ' " " 〔〕0120 〈〉《》「」『』〖〗【】± × ÷ ∶∧∨∑ ∏0140 ∪∩∈∷√ ⊥‖∠⌒⊙∫ ∮≡≌≈ ∽∝≠ ≮≯0160 ≤ ≥ ∞ ∵∴♂♀°′〃℃$¤ ¢£‰ § № ☆★0180 ○●◎◇◆□■△▲※→ ← ↑ ↓ 〓区号:02 【各类数字】0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 190200 ⅰⅱⅲⅳⅴⅵⅶⅷⅸⅹ⒈⒉⒊0220 ⒋⒌⒍⒎⒏⒐⒑⒒⒓⒔⒕⒖⒗⒘⒙⒚⒛⑴⑵⑶0240 ⑷⑸⑹⑺⑻⑼⑽⑾⑿⒀⒁⒂⒃⒄⒅⒆⒇①②③0260 ④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩一二三四五六七八九十0280 ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅥⅦⅧⅨⅩⅪⅫ区号:03 【符号、字母】0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 190300 !” #¥%&’()*+,-./0 1 2 30320 4 5 6 7 8 9 :;<=>?@ A B C D E F G0340 H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 〔0360 \〕^_‘ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o0380 p q r s t u v w x y z {|} ̄区号:06 【罗马字母】0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 190600 Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ ∧Μ Ν Ξ Ο ∏ Ρ ∑ Τ0620Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω α β γ δ ε ζ η0640θ ι κ λ μ ν ξο π ρ σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω0660 0680区号:08 【汉语拼音】0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 190800 ā á ǎà ē é ě è ī í ǐì ō ó ǒò ū ú ǔ0820 ù ǖǘǚǜü ê ㄅㄆㄇ0840 ㄈㄉㄊㄋㄌㄍㄎㄏㄐㄑㄒㄓㄔㄕㄖㄗㄘㄙㄚㄛ0860 ㄜㄝㄞㄟㄠㄡㄢㄣㄤㄥㄦㄧㄨㄩ0880区号:09 【制表字符】0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 190900 —━│┃┄┅┆┈┉┉┊┋┌┍┎┏0920 ┐┑┒┓└┕┖┗┘┙┚┛├┝┞┟┠┡┢┣0940 ┤┥┦┧┨┩┪┫┬┭┮┯┰┱┲┳┴┵┶┷0960 ┸┹┺┻┼┽┾┿╀╁┃╃╄╅╆╇╈╉╊╋0980。
汉字四角号码查询表
中文考研网编辑部整理汉字四角号码查询表中文考研网《汉字四角号码查询表》说明:查询某字四角号码,可通过Word的查找功能实现,方法是依次点击“编辑”—“查找”(快捷键 Ctrl + F ),填入需要找的字进行查找。
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汉字编码对照表(gb2312Big5GB2312)
汉字编码对照表(gb2312Big5GB2312)⼀、汉字编码的种类1、GB2312⼜称国标码,由国家标准总局发布,1981年5⽉1⽇实施,通⾏于⼤陆。
新加坡等地也使⽤此编码。
它是⼀个简化字的编码规范,当然也包括其他的符号、字母、⽇⽂假名等,共7445个图形字符,其中汉字占6763个。
我们平时说6768个汉字,实际上⾥边有5个编码为空⽩,所以总共有6763个汉字。
GB2312规定“对任意⼀个图形字符都采⽤两个字节表⽰,每个字节均采⽤七位编码表⽰”,习惯上称第⼀个字节为“⾼字节”,第⼆个字节为“低字节”。
GB2312中汉字的编码范围为,第⼀字节0xB0-0xF7(对应⼗进制为176-247),第⼆个字节0xA0-0xFE(对应⼗进制为160-254)。
GB2312将代码表分为94个区,对应第⼀字节(0xa1-0xfe);每个区94个位(0xa1-0xfe),对应第⼆字节,两个字节的值分别为区号值和位号值加32(2OH),因此也称为区位码。
01-09区为符号、数字区,16-87区为汉字区(0xb0-0xf7),10-15区、88-94区是有待进⼀步标准化的空⽩区。
2、Big5⼜称⼤五码,主要为⾹港与台湾使⽤,即是⼀个繁体字编码。
每个汉字由两个字节构成,第⼀个字节的范围从0X81-0XFE(即129-255),共126种。
第⼆个字节的范围不连续,分别为0X40-0X7E(即64-126),0XA1-0XFE(即161-254),共157种。
3、GBK是GB2312的扩展,是向上兼容的,因此GB2312中的汉字的编码与GBK中汉字的相同。
另外,GBK中还包含繁体字的编码,它与Big5编码之间的关系我还没有弄明⽩,好像是不⼀致的。
GBK中每个汉字仍然包含两个字节,第⼀个字节的范围是0x81-0xFE(即129-254),第⼆个字节的范围是0x40-0xFE(即64-254)。
GBK中有码位23940个,包含汉字21003个。
中文电码对照表
炒3509 车6508 扯2102 撤2327 掣2233 彻1796 澈3400 郴6754
臣5256 辰6591 尘1057 晨2525 忱1820 沉3089 陈7115 趁6387
衬6000 撑2319 撑2300 称4468 城1004 橙2892 成2052 呈0701
淀3244 殿3013 碉4306 雕7171 凋0406 刁0431 掉2220 吊0680
钓6860 调6148 跌6407 爹3638 碟4308 蝶5805 迭6613 谍6183
叠0655 丁0002 盯4169 叮0666 钉6857 顶7307 鼎7844 锭6928
定1353 订6057 丢0016 东2639 冬0392 董5516 懂2016 动0520
爱1947 隘7137 鞍7254 氨8637 安1344 俺0219 按2174 暗2542
岸1489 胺5143 案2714 肮7542 昂2491 盎4138 凹0425 敖2407
熬3581 翱5063 袄5984 傲0277 奥1159 懊2020 澳3421 芭5359
捌2193 扒2091 叭0665 吧0721 笆4576 八9908 八9808 八0360
栋2767 侗0179 恫1871 冻0408 洞3159 兜0351 抖2122 斗2435
陡7107 豆6258 逗6637 痘4026 都6757 督4206 毒3021 犊3685
独3747 读6236 堵1035 睹4212 赌6350 杜2629 镀6947 肚5137
度1653 渡3256 妒1176 端4551 短4252 锻6939 段3008 断2451
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ML4425脉宽调制无刷电机控制器特征:1)可独立工作;2)通过IC控制电机的起动和停止;3)机载起动时序为校准→斜升→设定速度;4)获专利的反电势换向技术为最短的“自转”时间提供了无抖动转矩;5)具有机载速度控制环;6)用于换向的锁相环PLL可对PWM产生的尖峰脉冲噪声的抗干扰创造条件,其作用与噪声传感过零技术相似;7)PWM控制可得到最高效率;8)MOSFET直接驱动12V电机;驱动高压电机需要用IR、IXYS、Harris、PowerIntegration、Siliconix等公司生产的IC缓冲器。
1引言ML4425脉宽调制控制器具有为起动和控制△接或Y接无刷直流(BLDC)电机速度所需要的全部功能,并且不用霍尔传感器。
从电机绕组传感的反电势电压信号,利用锁相环(PLL)即可确定正确的换向时序,这一获专利的传感技术可以在宽范围内使三相无刷电机换向,并且对PWM噪声和电机缓冲电路的干扰不敏感。
ML4425利用恒定的关断时间PWM控制环路,限制电机的工作电流。
其速度环是由片内放大器控制。
ML4425电路能保证没有穿透(shoot-through in)而直接驱动外部功率MOSFET。
起动程序的定时由三个可供选择的定时电容器来确定。
这就使大范围变化的电机和负载能够处于最佳状态。
2 ML4425的结构与参数2.1ML4425的结构脚1:ISENSE:电机的电流传感输入端。
当ISENSE超过0.2³ILIMIT时,三路输出驱动器LA、LB、LC一个固定时间均被关闭在(由CIOS电容量确定)。
脚2:A相上桥开关的低输出驱动器。
脚3:B相上桥开关的低输出驱动器。
脚4:C相上桥开关的低输出驱动器。
脚5:SPEEDCOMP:是速度控制环的补偿端,它由接在SPEEDCOMP脚与地端之间的串联的电阻器和电容器来设置。
脚6:CT:一只电容器接CT与地之间,可设定PWM振荡器频率。
脚7:VREF:6.9V基准参考电压输出。
脚8:SPEEDSET:速度控制环输入端,变化范围从0(停机)到VREF(最大速度)。
脚9(7)LA:A相下桥开关的高输出驱动器。
脚10(8)LB:B相下桥开关的高输出驱动器。
脚11(9)LC:C相下桥开关的高输出驱动器。
脚12:ILIMIT:该脚电压把ISENSE的门限电压设定在0.2³ILIMIT,该脚空悬不接,自动选IC内部的置位门限电平。
脚13:VCO/TACH:该脚的TTL输出电平对应于时钟信号用在换向状态机。
当反电势传感闭环锁定转子位置时,其输出频率与电机速度成比例。
脚14:VDD:12V电源电压输入端。
脚15:CVCO:该脚对地接一只电容器,可设定压控振荡器(VCO)的压-频比率。
脚16:RVCO:该脚对地接一只电阻器,可设置一与VCO输入电压成比例的电流。
脚17:CAT:该脚对地接一只电容器,可设定控制器保持在校准状态的时间。
脚18::当VDD降低到UVLO欠压锁定门限电平时,该脚输出电平变为最低,表示所有的输出驱动器均已失效。
脚19:CRT:该脚对地接一只电容器,可设定控制器保持在斜升状态的时间。
脚20:SPEEDFB:反电势取样电路的输出端和VCO的输入端。
一个RC网络接在SPEEDFB 端设置对锁相环(PLL)的补偿通过反电势取样电路、VCO和换向状态机器构成。
脚21:CRR:当控制器处于斜升状态时,在CRR与SPEEDFB两端之间接一只电容器,可设定电机的斜升速率(即加速度)。
脚22:FBA:A相的电机反馈电压通过在该脚上的传感反电势的电阻分压器。
脚23:FBB:B相的电机反馈电压通过在该脚上的传感反电势的电阻分压器。
脚24:FBC:C相的电机反馈电压通过在该脚上的传感反电势的电阻分压器。
脚25:一个逻辑低电平输入使电机制动,它是通过关断上桥输出驱动器和接通下桥输出驱动器来实现的。
脚26:CIOS:该脚对地接一只电容器,可设置在ISENSE超过它的门限电平之后,低边输出驱动器仍然保持关断的时间。
脚27:RREF:该脚对地接一只137kΩ的电阻器,可设置与VREF成比例的电流,它用于为IC内部设定所有的偏置电流(除VCO之外)。
脚28:GND:信号地与功率地端。
ML4425绝对最大额定值(极限值)极限值一旦超过可能导致器件永久性损坏ML4425的运行条件电气特性除另有规定外,注:1、限额保证100%测试,取样,或与最坏的情况下测试条件相关。
2、对于状态的解释,参见图4和表1。
Table 1. Commutation State FunctionsFigure 4. Output Commutation Sequence Timing DiagramCycle 1 – Full Commutation,Cycle 2 – Commutation with 50% PWM Duty Cycle3、制动器和UVFAULT引脚都有一个内部参考内部的4KΩ电阻ML4425功能描述ML4425为无传感器型速度控制的三相BLDC直流无刷电动机提供了全部电路。
控制器的功能包括:起动电路、反电动势换向控制、脉宽调制PWM的速度控制、固定的关断时间电流限制、制动、欠压保护。
起动电路把电机校准在已知位置,随后斜升电机速度产生一个反电势信号。
通过构成的一个锁相环路,反电势取样电路可控制换向时间。
换向控制电路又输出一个速度反馈(SPEEDFB)信号,用于速度控制回路。
速度控制回路由一个误差放大器和PWM比较器组成,它产生一个PWM占空比调节速度。
电机电流由一个固定关断时间PWM关闭比较器来限制,它受控于外部传感电阻器。
换向控制、PWM速度控制和电流限制共同结合,产生输出驱动器信号。
六路输出驱动器用于提供选通信号给按直流无刷电机的电压和电流要求选取的外部三相功率桥式。
其它功能包括:制动功能和欠压保护电路。
一旦ML4425供电VDD变为低压时,可关闭输出驱动器。
元件的选择选择IC外部元件需要根据电机的电气参数和机械参数作一些计算。
下面列出这些计算需要的电机参数:直流电机电源电压VMOTOR(V);最大工作电流IMAX(A);磁极的数目N;反电势常数Ke(V-S/Rad);电机的转矩常数Kt(N²m/A)(Kt=Ke,单位SI);最大运行速度RPMMAX(r/min);电机和负载的转动惯量J(kg²m2);电机和负载的粘滞阻尼因数ξ。
如果不知道上述一个值或几个值,仍然可能得到合适的ML4425外部元件数值,但需要做一些实验来确定其最佳值。
除非另有特殊说明,所有的数量单位都用SI。
下面的公式应考虑最佳起始点。
所有计算的电容器和电阻器,都应采用最接近标准值的一次近似值作为选择。
电源和基准参考电压电源电压VDD通常为12V±10%。
应尽量靠近VDD端对地接一只100nF旁路电容器。
提供6.9V电压基准输出VREF,来设置ML4425的速度指令和电流限制。
需要在RREF端对地接一只137kΩ电阻器,为IC内部功能建立一个基准电流。
输出驱动器输出驱动器LA、LB、LC和为三相功率桥输出驱动信号。
ML4425中所有的控制功能,都传送到这些引脚输出。
其中LA、LB、LC为三相功率级的A、B、C相提供下桥驱动信号,并以12V为有效高电平信号。
而为A、B、C相提供上桥驱动信号,并以12V为有效低电平信号。
功率桥的电流限制电流传感电阻器RSENSE如图1所示,它可调节功率桥和直流无刷电机的最大电流。
如果RSENSE两端的电压超过电流限制门限电平,则可通过把输出驱动器LA、LB和LC关断一定的时间,来实现电流的调节。
ILIMIT在ILIMIT脚上的电压设定了电流限制门限电平。
ML4425内部有一个从VREF接地的分压器,它设定了一个2.3V的误差电流限制门限电平,见图2。
以VREF为基准的外部分压器,可用于拒绝错误的ILIMIT设置。
外部分压器的电流至少应比内部分压器电流大10倍。
它的功能是提供一个与电机电流成正比的电压,以设定电流限制跳闸断开点。
RSENSE两端默认触发电压是460mV,它由内部ILIMIT分压比来设定。
电流传感电阻器应是低电感的电阻器,如碳膜成分组成。
对毫欧姆范围的电阻器,用导线卷绕的电阻应具有低电感。
RSENSE的功耗按照IMAX2³RSENSE计算。
所以是乘号。
妈的ISENSE滤波器接ISENSE脚的RC低通滤波器与电流传感信号相串联,见图2。
设置该滤波器是为去除二极管反向恢复时的穿透电流。
该电流在电流传感信号的前沿引起一个电压尖峰,可能会误触发电流限制电路。
在滤波器前、后的电流传感电压波形见图3。
该电路推荐的初值为R=1kΩ、C=300pF,这就给出了时间常数330ns,它将滤除更短持续时间里的输出尖峰。
也可增大电容器到C=2.2nF,但时间常数不应超过几个微秒。
CIOS当ISENSE超过0.2³ILIMIT时,电流限制一次性触发功能起作用,它将在一个固定的时间(tOFF)内关断LA、LB和LC。
tOFF由接到CIOS脚的电容设定。
通常CIOS设置一个等于或小于脉宽调制周期的固定的关断时间。
当PWM的频率为25kHz时,PWM的周期为40μs,则tOFF应在20μs~40μs之间。
对tOFF的较低限制,是由功率级的最小导通时间决定的,故安全的近似值是5μs或更小些。
求解CIOS电容量的方程为:换向控制三相直流无刷电机需要电子换向以实现旋转式运动。
电子换向则需要三相半桥式功率开关轮流导通和截止。
为了实现在一个方向上产生转矩,换向是由转子的位置决定的。
ML4425中的电子换向是按恰当的时序,通过接通和关断一相中的N输出和另一相的P输出来完成的。
N沟道管输出和P沟道管输出,共有6个组合(6种开关状态),它们构成了一个完整的换向循环周期。
这6种组合在图4和表2中予以说明,并用状态A、B、C、D、E、F分别作标记。
该时序已编程在换向状态机中。
换向状态机的时钟脉冲是由VCO压控振荡器来提供的。
压控振荡器(VCO)图5 VCO外部元件的连接与振荡器波形压控振荡器在VCO/TACH脚提供一个TTL兼容的时钟输出,它与SPEEDFB脚的VCO输入电压成比例。
VCO频率与电压之间的比例常数K V,是由图5中接RVCO脚的80.6kΩ电阻器和接CVCO脚的一只电容器来设定的。
RVCO设置的电流与SPEEDFB端的VCO输入电压成比例。
该电流用于在2.3V~4.3V范围内对CVCO充电和放电。
在CVCO脚产生的三角波对应于VCO上的时钟脉冲。
比例常数K V应当设定,使VCO输入等于或稍小于VREF时,VCO输出频率对应于最大的换向频率或最大电机速度。
CVCO可用式(2)计算并选用等于或小于计算值的最接近标准参数的电容。