长难句分析
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析 形式主语
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语Perhaps we know more about the world than we used to, and insofar as knowledge is prerequisite to understanding, that's all to the good. But knowledge is not as much a prerequisite to understanding as is commonly supposed.【翻译】也许比起过去,我们现在对世界知道得更多了,并且只要知道是理解的前提,那就没啥问题。
但是知道并不像人们通常想像的那样,真的就是理解的前提。
【语法分析】第一句是一个并列复合句。
首先,在大的层面上,它是一个并列句,用and连接起来。
其次,在小的层面上,第一个分句是一个主从复合句,Perhaps we know more about the world 是主句,than we used to是一个比较状语从句。
在这里used to表示“过去曾经”,后面省略了know.所以,这是一个并列复合句。
第二个分句也是主从复合句,that's all to the good是主句,意思是“那就是好的,没问题的”。
主句前面的句子是条件状语从句,insofar as就是in so far as, insofar 是一个介词短语,加上as后,意思是to the extent that,“到......的程度”,“在......的范围内”,我们可以把insofar as看成是一个连词,引导一个条件状语从句。
所以这句话的意思就是“在知道是理解的前提这个范围之内,上面那句话确实是对的。
”并列句与并列复合句的区别,就是并列句的两个分句都是简单句。
而并列复合句是至少有一个分句是主从复合句。
第二句是一个主从复合句。
as is commonly supposed是一个比较状语从句,用as ... as表示比较,前面是主句。
四六级中的阅读长难句解析技巧
四六级中的阅读长难句解析技巧阅读长难句在四六级英语考试中是一个常见的难点,许多考生在阅读理解题中会遇到诸如主从复合句、倒装句等复杂结构的长难句,给理解带来了困难。
然而,通过一些技巧和方法,我们可以更好地应对这些长难句,并提高阅读的准确性和效率。
一、分析句子结构正确理解长难句的关键在于分析句子的结构。
首先,要明确句子的主干部分,即主语和谓语,找出中心词,然后分析修饰部分。
例如,在如下句子中:The book that I bought yesterday, which is about history, is very interesting.主干部分是"The book is interesting"。
"That I bought yesterday"是对书进行修饰的定语从句,"which is about history"是对书的进一步说明。
通过分析句子的结构,我们可以更好地掌握句子的逻辑关系,准确理解句子的含义。
二、寻找关键词关键词在长难句中起到了承上启下的作用,通过寻找关键词,我们可以更好地理解长难句的逻辑关系。
常见的关键词包括but、although、unless、because等。
例如,在如下句子中:Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk.关键词"although"暗示了前后两个分句之间的转折关系,帮助我们理解这个句子的含义。
三、弄清句子成分的逻辑关系在长难句中,句子成分之间的逻辑关系是理解整个句子的关键。
通过弄清句子成分的逻辑关系,我们可以准确地把握长难句的意义。
常见的逻辑关系包括因果关系、条件关系、让步关系等。
例如,在如下句子中:If you study hard, you will succeed.通过理解句子成分"if you study hard"和"you will succeed"之间的逻辑关系,我们可以准确地理解这个句子的意义。
长难句翻译技巧与实例讲解
长难句翻译技巧与实例讲解长难句是指结构复杂、读起来有一定难度的句子。
在翻译过程中,遇到长难句可能会让翻译者感到困惑和挫败。
掌握长难句的翻译技巧是非常重要的。
本文将就长难句翻译技巧与实例进行讲解,希望能够帮助翻译者在翻译长难句时能够游刃有余。
一、长难句翻译技巧1. 分析句子结构在翻译长难句时,首先要对句子进行结构分析。
长难句的结构可能很复杂,因此需要耐心细致地分析,找出主谓宾等核心结构,明确句子的逻辑关系。
2. 分段翻译对于较长的句子,可以考虑分段翻译,将句子分解成更小的部分,分别翻译。
这样可以降低翻译难度,更好地把握句子的含义。
3. 注重上下文长难句的翻译不能只看句子本身,还需要结合上下文进行翻译,把握句子所在段落和整篇文章的语境,确保翻译的准确性和连贯性。
4. 注意词语搭配长难句中的词语搭配通常比较复杂,需要特别留意词语之间的搭配关系,保持翻译的精准度。
5. 灵活运用翻译技巧对于不同长难句,翻译技巧可能会有所不同,需要根据具体情况灵活运用各种翻译技巧,包括倒装、强调句、省略等。
二、长难句翻译实例讲解实例1:原句:Having been informed of the decision, he immediately called a meeting to discuss the matter.翻译:得知决定后,他立即召集了一次会议讨论这个问题。
分析:该句为分词短语作状语的句型,首先对分词短语进行翻译,然后再翻译主句的内容,保持句子的连贯。
翻译:他们越想,越不明白。
分析:该句为越……越……的句型,需要将这种比较关系保留在翻译中,注意词语的搭配关系,确保表达的准确性。
翻译:她不仅聪明,而且漂亮。
分析:该句为倒装句,翻译时要将句子结构倒装,保持句子的语法结构和逻辑关系。
以上就是长难句翻译技巧与实例的讲解,希望能对翻译长难句时有所帮助。
在翻译过程中,翻译者可以根据具体情况灵活运用各种翻译技巧,保持对句子结构和逻辑关系的把握,确保翻译的准确性和流畅性。
长难句解析
长难句解析高考英语阅读文章中往往会有一些长难句,这些长难句常常是考题所要考查的对象,也是考生理解文章的一大障碍。
针对长难句,要学会利用语法知识中的句法知识来理解,先判断句子的主干部分,而对于句子的修饰、补充成分,可以先忽略不看。
在理解了句子的主干意思后,再来理解修饰、补充成分。
同时,句子中的标点符号也是一个很重要的判断依据,要充分利用标点符合,帮助我们判断句子的主干和修饰成分。
根据长难句的结构,我们可以把长难句分为:环环相扣式、并列式、插入语式和改变语序式。
一、环环相扣式这类句子往往有多重句子修饰成分,这些修饰成分往往用非谓语动词或从句充当。
在阅读过程中,对于这类句式应当先找到句子的主干,然后再看修饰成分。
例1: A mere hundred species (物种) are the basis of our food supply,of which but twenty carry the load.Wilson suggests changing thissituation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of,which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.(2008全国卷一E篇)译文:只有约100种物种为我们提供食物基础,其中只有20种承担着供应人类食物的重担。
Wilson建议通过调查研究一万种可以被利用的物种来改变这种现状,这样做可以减少人类为了增加耕种面积而开垦动植物的自然家园的做法。
解析:第二句是一个含有多层结构的句子。
第一层结构:Wilson suggests changing ...by looking ...。
第2个which引导的非限定性定语从句是第二层结构代替changing e of。
《长难句分析》PPT课件
理解意群
对每个意群进行单独理解,明确其 含义和作用。
整合全句
将各个意群的含义整合起来,理解 全句的意思。
上下文推测法
联系上下文
阅读长难句时,要联系其所在的 段落和文章,理解句子的背景和
语境。
推测词义
根据上下文中的线索和提示,推 测生词或短语的含义。
理解言外之意
通过上下文中的暗示和隐喻,理 解句子的深层含义和作者的言外
《长难句分析》PPT课件
• 引言 • 长难句的定义与特点 • 长难句的分析方法 • 长难句的翻译技巧 • 长难句的实例分析 • 长难句的学习与提高
01
引言
目的和背景
提高学生阅读理解能力
通过分析长难句,帮助学生掌握阅读 技巧,提高阅读速度和准确性。
应对考试需求
拓展语言知识
通过长难句分析,让学生了解更多语 言现象和表达方式,丰富语言知识储 备。
有时候,原文中的一些词语在译文中并不需要翻译出来,可以省略不译。例如,一些重复 的词语、无实际意义的词语等。
词义引申
在翻译长难句时,有时候需要根据上下文语境对词义进行引申或转换,以便更好地表达原 文的意思。例如,可以将某个词汇的抽象含义转化为具体含义,或者将某个具体词汇转化 为抽象含义。
05
长难句的实例分析
学习句子结构分析
掌握各种复杂句型,如并列句、复合句、倒装句等,以便正确理解 句子结构和逻辑关系。
学习文化背景知识
了解不同国家的文化背景和语言表达习惯,避免文化差异造成的误解 。
多做练习,熟能生巧
长难句翻译练习
选取具有代表性的长难句进行翻译练习,通过对比原文和自己的 译文,找出不足并加以改进。
写作练习
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
高中英语长难句的分析以及翻译
长难句分析句子翻译
1,把两个机器人同时发送到火星不同地区,而两个机器人可以观察到火星山两边的情况,这个想法真激动人心。
2,当Peter进来时,坐在桌边的女士向他爽朗笑了笑。
在Peter告诉她他在找什么房子后,她让Peter交了6磅买了一份大约有6个要出租房子的女房东的名单。
3,人们在做决定时的思维和打牌时的思维完全一样--- 做决定时,我们不仅仅要考虑到我们的想法,而且还要考虑到别人会如何想你的想法;还有你会如何考虑别人是会怎样想你的想法的。
4,我被告知这个机器有许多用处。
5, 研究表明,用人单位最希望他们雇员能够有与人交际的能力。
这种能力被92%的公司认为是最重要的。
6,最终尽管有些社会学的学生在找第一份工作时比学工科的同学要
困难些,但是一些刚刚大学毕业的社会学学生并不后悔他们专业选择。
7,不久他的家人特别是小查理都很清楚,他是不适合做医生的。
8,Birdie 整天在房子和花园忙活,所以晚上他总能把他的住所(巢穴)弄得很好。
《长难句分析》课件
THE FIRST LESSON OF THE SCHOOL YEAR
目录CONTENTS
• 长难句的定义与特点 • 长难句的构成元素 • 长难句的分析方法 • 长难句的翻译技巧 • 长难句的实例分析 • 练习与巩固
01
长难句的定义与特 点
什么是长难句
定义
长难句通常是指句子结构复杂、 词汇难度较高、信息量大且层次 复杂的句子。
感谢观看
THANKS
THE FIRST LESSON OF THE SCHOOL YEAR
意译
根据原文的含义和精神进行翻译,不 拘泥于原文的词序和结构,更注重译 文的自然流畅和符合目标语言的表达 习惯。
被动句的翻译
被动句的翻译方法
将被动句翻译成中文时,可以采用“ 被”、“由”、“受”等词语来表示 被动语态,也可以通过调整语序和改 变表达方式来使译文更加自然流畅。
被动句的翻译技巧
在翻译被动句时,需要注意时态和语 态的变化,以及主被动之间的转换, 同时还需要根据上下文语境进行适当 的调整和补充说明。
成分定位法
总结词
根据句子成分的语义功能,确定各个成分在句子中的作用。
详细描述
成分定位法是一种基于语义功能的分析方法,它根据句子中各个成分的语义功 能,确定它们在句子中的作用。这种方法有助于理解句子中的复杂信息,把握 句子的重点和逻辑关系。
逻辑推理法
总结词
根据句子的语境和上下文关系,推断句子的深层含义。
特点
长难句通常由多个从句、短语和 修饰语组成,使得句子结构变得 复杂,难以理解。
长难句的特点
信息量大
词汇难度高
长难句中通常包含了大量的信息,需 要读者花费更多的时间和精力去理解 和消化。
语言中的长难句解析
语言中的长难句解析语言是人类交流的重要工具,其中长难句作为语法的一部分,常常给人造成困扰。
本文旨在解析语言中常见的长难句结构,为读者提供理解的窍门和应对策略。
通过对长难句的分析和解读,我们可以更好地理解语言的表达方式,并提升我们自己的写作和阅读能力。
一、长难句的定义和特点长难句,顾名思义,就是句子结构复杂、句子长度较长的句子。
它通常由多个从句或短语构成,包含大量的修饰成分和连接词。
长难句的使用可以使句子表达更加细致和复杂,但也给读者造成理解上的困扰。
长难句的特点主要体现在以下几个方面:1. 句子的词数较多,常常超过20个单词。
2. 句子结构复杂,包含多个并列或从属关系的从句。
3. 句子中存在大量的修饰成分,如定语从句和状语从句。
4. 句子中使用了大量的连接词和连接词组,如连词、关联词等。
二、常见的长难句结构及解析1. 定语从句定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,常常用于限定或具体描述名词的作用。
定语从句一般由关系代词(如who, which, that等)引导。
例句:I have a friend who lives in New York.这个句子中的定语从句"who lives in New York"修饰了friend,用来具体描述这个朋友及其居住地。
2. 状语从句状语从句是修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的从句,用来表达时间、原因、条件、目的、方式等。
例句:Although it was raining heavily, we still went for a walk.这个句子中的状语从句"Although it was raining heavily"表示时间条件,用来解释为什么我们仍然决定去散步。
3. 并列句并列句是由连词(如and, but, or等)连接的两个或多个句子,用来表达并列关系或对比关系。
例句:She is funny, but she is also very serious.这个句子中的并列句"but she is also very serious"表示对比关系,用来形容她既幽默又认真的两个方面。
英语长难句分析长句25个
英语长难句分析长句25个1. Although he was tired and hungry, John continued to work late into the night.分析:主句为John continued to work late into the night,although引导让步状语从句,he was tired and hungry为从句主语,tired和hungry为从句谓语补足语。
3. She couldn't find her keys, which she had left on the kitchen counter.分析:主句为She couldn't find her keys,which引导非限制性定语从句,she had left on the kitchen counter为从句谓语。
4. It was not until the storm had passed that the rescue team could begin their work.分析:主句为the rescue team could begin their work,it为形式主语,not until引导倒装的时间状语从句,the storm had passed为从句主语。
6. Having studied for many hours, he felt prepared for the exam.分析:主句为he felt prepared for the exam,having studiedfor many hours为现在分词短语作原因状语。
7. In order to succeed, you must work hard and never give up.分析:主句为you must work hard and never give up,in order to引导目的状语从句。
英语长难句分析
英语长难句分析他山之石 2009-09-11 13:08 阅读144 评论0字号: 大中小在阅读中,我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。
长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型,理清句子成分,抓住句子中的关键部分。
一、长难句的分类1、带有较多成分的简单句。
如:Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines,the toothpaste marketer,for instance,must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used. 例如,决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后,牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台,以及那些具体的妇女杂志。
在这个有30多个词的简单句中,动词-ing形式短语用作时间状语,不定式to be used修饰的不仅是w omen’s magazine,而且还修饰television programs and stations。
exacttelevision同时修饰programs和stations两个词,这在翻译中可以看出来。
插入语for instance把主语和谓语分隔开了。
2、含有多个简单句的并列句。
如:In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale,had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children,but he was terribly unhappy.在20世纪70年代,他在耶鲁当外科医生,有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子,但他那时过得却很不开心。
在第二个并列句中,即在had前面省略了and he。
高考英语阅读长难句分析方法与实例
高考英语阅读长难句分析方法与实例一、长句难句是如何产生的1、分支多,短语多英语句子主干是构成五种基本句型的基础:这五种结构之所以为基本结构,因为这五种结构是构成英语语句子的主干,英语长句都是通过这五种基本结构演变而来的,掌握句子五种基本结构是分析和理解英语句子的基础。
英语句子的特点是除了词可以做句子成分外,短语和句子都可以做句子成分。
就算是一个单句,如果都是以短语为句子成分,再加上句子如果分支较多的话,也可以构成比较复杂的句子。
2、分句多,从句多英语复合句可分为并列复合句与从属复合句。
并列复合句是在结构和意思上都可以相互独立的两个或多个单句构成的复合句;从属复合句是一个句子做另外一个句子的句子成分,两个句子不可以相互独立成为句子,如果两个句子拆分会导致句子意思不完整,或句子成分残缺。
在英语复合句中特别是从属复合句,从句中还可以有从句或其它并列句,有些复合既有并列句,又有从属句。
复合句也是构成英语长句难句的重要原因。
二、长句难句的分析方法长句难句的分析方法可以概括为:先主句再从句,先主干再分支。
先主句再从句就是对有从句的长句难句,先不看从句,先找出句子的主句并分析主句的句子主干,再分析从句;先主干再分枝就是先分析主句与从句的句子主干,再分析句子的分枝,句子的分支主要是指定语和状语。
三、长句难句分析实例实例1:Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.本句是含有定语从句的复合句,根据先主句再从句的分析方法,我们先去掉从句(who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908),把句子简化为:Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.再根据先主干再分支,把句子分支(主语同位语a onetime British merchant-navy officer,时间状语before his 1914 voyage,目的状语to make money from movie and still photography)都去掉,进一步简化为:Shackleton started a business.那么这个句子的几层意思就很明确了①Shackleton何许人,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908②做了什么事,Shackleton started a business③什么时间做的,其目的为何 before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography实例2:These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.本句也是含有定语从句的复合句,根据先主句再从句的分析方法,先去掉从句(which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.),再根据先主干再分支,把句子分支(offered by the modern French Republic过去分短语做定语)去掉简化为:These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle.那么这个句子表达了两层意思:①当地市民得在传统自给自足的狩猎生活与现在生活方式之间找平衡。
18个实例让你学会分析长难句
18个实例让你学会分析长难句,高中英语阅读理解满分必备!阅读是英语考试的重中之重,对英语阅读中的长难句理解是攻克阅读的有效方法。
本文将着重讲解高考英语阅读真题中的长难句,希望提高大家阅读能力。
长难句解题思路1. 首先寻找连词:连词包含并列连词,从属连词和关系词,并且依据连词将长句划分成短句;2. 依据五大句型基本结构,判断短句的句子成分。
注意区分谓语动词和非谓语动词(现在分词,动名词,过去分词,不定式),明确句子的谓语动词,剥离定语,状语,从而确定句子的基本结构。
第1句:时间状语从句,定语从句When he returned, the boy was able to describe everything he had seen to the old man.长句分析:(1) when 引导的是时间状语从句;(2) he had seen: 是一个定语从句,修饰先行词everything. 由于定语从句缺少宾语,因此省略了关系代词that。
注意:先行词为不定代词everything时,关系代词不可使用Which;(3) to the old man: 是做动词describe的宾语补足语;(4) describe: 描述. Describe something to somebody : 向某人描述某物;长句翻译:当他回来时,这个男孩能向老人描述他所看到的一切。
第2句:目的状语从句,宾语从句The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.长句分析:(1) so that : 引导了一个目的状语从句,so 前面的句子是主句,that 后面的句子是目的状语从句;(2) what 引导的是it knows的宾语从句,充当knows的宾语,it 是指示代词,指代的是robot. What在宾语从句中充当do的宾语;(3) have to : 不得不;劝告或建议时用;表示一定真实或肯定发生;(4) have a way to do something : 拥有做某事的方法;长句翻译:机器人必须有一个特定的方式来接收程序,这样它才能知道它要做什么。
高考英语长难句分析(含练习及答案)
长难句分析长难句分析“两步法”[Step1:预处理]①找出谓语动词并用下划线标注;谓语动词即所有的非谓语动词,包括主句的谓语和从句的谓语②给“三长”加括号,“三长”包括从句,介词短语,非谓语动词;三大从句:名词性从句:、、、形容词性从句:副词性从句:注意:一旦出现下一修饰成分,就把上一修饰成分结束掉,不管上一修饰成分是否以及结束③给“并列词”加方框,给“并列项”加三角;并列词:and、or、but、as well as并列项:A和B例如:A...and B...注意:因为修饰成分往往出现在被修饰成分的后面,找并列项时先找B后找A,B往往是并列词的右边最近的单词;再通过B去寻找A,因为A和B往往满足“结构相似、含义相近”,通俗来讲就是A和B往往很像[Step2:做直译]对每个括号进行翻译注意:每个括号里的第一个单词都像是一个“挂钩”,可以利用每个挂钩提问和回答问题,将一个个括号连接起来[Step3:调语序]如果没有英翻汉的题型可以不去做这一步长难句分析练习1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique(巴黎综合理工学院).成分简析:2.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced,the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.成分简析:3.Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself,which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.成分简析:4.The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.成分简析:5.Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms(术语)are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.成分简析:6.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet,whether it be a cat,dog or snake!成分简析:7.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.成分简析:8.But for all the texts that are written,stored and sent electronically,a lot of them are still ending up on paper.成分简析:9.With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence,according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)(盆地治疗动物组织)in Salt Lake City.成分简析:10.Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in1506,and settled in1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.成分简析:11.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than1000huge stone figures,called moat,for which the island is most famous.成分简析:12.Whereas(鉴于)a women’s closet female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.成分简析:13.We even have different word for some foods,meat in particular,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming.while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.成分简析:14.When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more “Foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.成分简析:15.The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees,who can afford the new service,in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.成分简析:16.The hot sun had caused the dough to double size and the fermenting yeast(发酵型酵母)made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.成分简析:17.After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work,and acting,singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?成分简析:18.So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice,I was so surprised that I was speechless,my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.成分简析:19.Thirty years after being introduced to McCauley’s words,they still seem to me the best yardstick(准绳),because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.成分简析:20.But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.成分简析:长难句分析答案First(put forward)(by the French mathematician Pierre de Format)(in the seventeenth century),the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,(including a French woman scientist)(who made a major advance)(in working out the problem),and (who had to dress)(like a man)(in order)(to be able)(to study)(at the Ecole Polytechnique).It is difficult(to measure the quantity)(of paper)(used)(as a result)(of use Internet-connected computers),although just about anyone(who works)(in an office)can tell you(that)(when e-mail is introduced),the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand(for paper)(in recent years)is largely due(to the increased use)(of the Internet).Perhaps the best sign(of)(how computer and Internet use pushes up demand)(for paper) comes(from the high-tech industry itself),(which sees printing)(as one)(of its most promising new market).The action group has also found acceptable paper(made)(from materials other)(than wood),such(as agricultural waste).Mostly(borrowed)(from English and Chinese),these terms are often changed(into forms) no longer(understood)(by native speakers).Tales(from Animal Hospital)will delight all fans(of the programme)and anyone(who has a lively interest)(in their pet),(whether it be a cat,dog or snake)!Newton is shown(as a gifted scientist)(with very human weaknesses)(who stood)(at the point)(in history)(where magic ended and science began).But(for all the texts)(that are written,stored and sent electronically),a lot of them are still ending up(on paper).(With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love),dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners(needed)(for a beginning reader)(to gain confidence),(according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA))(in Salt Lake City).(Discovered)(by the Portuguese admiral)(of the same name)(in1506),and(settled in 1810),the island belongs(to Great Britain)and has a population(of a few hundred).They had no connection with the outside world(for more)(than a thousand years),(giving them plenty)(of time)(to build more)(than1000huge stone figures),(called moat,)(for which the island is most famous).Whereas(鉴于)a women’s closet female friend might be the first(to tell her)(to leave a failing marriage),it wasn’t unusual(to hear)(a man say)(he didn’t know)(his friend’s marriage was)(in serious trouble)until he appeared one night(asking)(if he could sleep) (on the sofa).We even have different word(for some foods,meat)(in particular),(depending)(on) (whether it is still out)(in the fields)or(at home)ready(to be cooked),(which shows the fact)(that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming).while the upper-class Normans were doing most(of the eating).(When Americans visit Europe)(for the first time),they usually find Germany more “Foreign”(than France)(because the German)(they see)(on signs and ads)seems much more different(from English)(than French does).The major market force rests(in the growing population)(of white-collar employees),(who can afford the new service),in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due(to the increasing number)(of white-collar employees).The hot sun had caused the dough(to double size)and the fermenting yeast made the surface(shake)and(sigh)(as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being)(from outer space).After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle(for)(spending only half the day)(doing ordinary school work),and(acting,singing or dancing)their way(through the other half) (of the day)?So(when Ed arrived)(for our game)not only(with the bottom)(of his shirt)(gatheredinside his trousers)but also(with a stomach)(you could hardly notice),I was so surprised (that I was speechless),(my cousin must have made an effort)(to get himself)(into shape).Thirty years(after)(being introduced)(to McCauley’s words),they still seem(to me)the best yardstick,(because they give us a way)(to measure ourselves)rather(than others).But(when John and his fellow soldier came)(in sight)some of the people(watching) couldn’t help(laughing)(at the one)(who couldn’t keep pace)(with the others)(as they march along).。
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
【分析】本句为复合句。
主句主干为 DL signifies a course。
主句中的”in which引导定语从句,对course进展解释说明,其中instructors 和students是并列成分。
While意为虽然,尽管,引导让步状语从句;从句中的offered 为过去分词做后置定语,修饰instruction。
【译文】虽然各个大学供应的网络课程不尽一样,但是远程教学通常会把课程公开,教师会把课程大纲、阅读任务和课程安排上传到网站上,学生们则通过电子邮件提交作业。
2. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.
【分析】本句为简洁句。
句子主干为I offered suggestions。
Telling myself hall为伴随状语,that引导宾语从句;guiding the young writer across the hall为现在分词作后置定语,修饰writer。
that 后的从句可改写为I was merely an experienced writer who are guiding the young writer across the hall。
【译文】我一次次地告诫自己,这只是一个有些阅历的作家在指导一个小作家成长而已,关于她的故事中的人物、冲突和结尾我都供应了一些
建议。
英语长难句解析
英语长难句解析一、定语从句【难句】1. Even China’s population will be declining by the early 2030s, according to the UN, which projects that by 2050 populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries. (The Economist Jun.5, 2006)【结构分析】本句结构清晰,是一个复合句。
主句为Even China’s population will be declining by the early 2030s, according to the UN,其后的定语从句which projects that by 2050 populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries修饰先行词UN,关系代词在从句中作主语,注意这里project作动词用,译为“指出”,且从句里使用了比较级。
【参考译文】联合国有关报告指出,即便是中国,到2030年初期人口也将开始递减。
这份报告同时还指出,到2050年,将有50个国家的人口低于今天的水平。
【难句】2. That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games, which are accused of turning young people into violent criminals. (The Economist Jun.18, 2006)【结构分析】本句的主句That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games是主系表结构,其中表语由how引导的名词性从句充当,定语从句which are accused of turning young people into violent criminals修饰先行词video games,关系代词which指代先行词video games在从句中作主语,这里使用了被动语态be accused of,在翻译时我们译成主动。
英语长难句经典200句解析
考研英语长难句经典200 句解析1.Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”结构分析:本句的主干是elders used to say…。
直接引语中是主系表结构, 注意not…but 结构。
参考译文:出言谨慎的长辈们过去常说,“问题不是你在这个世界上想要什么,而是你能得到什么。
”2.You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.结构分析:这句话是and 连接的两个并列句。
在第一个分句中,as 是连词,引导比较状语从句,把a mental blueprint of a desire 和a blueprint of a house 相比较。
第二个分句中的主干结构是:each of us is…making blueprints…。
第二个分句中用一般进行时表示经常发生的事情。
这样的结构常常用来表达经常发生的令人不快的、令人讨厌的事情。
参考译文:你可以在脑子里为你的愿望画一幅蓝图,就象给房子画蓝图那样。
实际上,在日常生活中,我们每一个人都在不断地描绘着这些蓝图。
3 .While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.结构分析:and 连接两个并列句。
《长难句分析》
并列句与复合句
并列句
由并列连词连接的两个或更多独 立的句子,表示并列关系。
复合句
包含一个主句和一个或多个从句 的句子,从句可以是名词性从句、 定语从句或状语从句。
例子
他不仅喜欢(动词)唱歌(宾 语),而且(并列连词)还擅长 (动词)跳舞(宾语)。(并列 句)
例子
我听说(动词)他因为(从属连 词)生病(原因状语)而请假 (结果状语)。(复合句)
多做练习
通过大量的练习,可以熟悉长难句的 特点和规律,提高分析长难句的准确 性和速度。
未来发展趋势预测
智能化辅助工具的出现 随着人工智能技术的发展,未来可能会出现更多的智能化 辅助工具,帮助读者自动分析长难句,提高阅读效率。
跨语言长难句分析的挑战 随着全球化的加速,跨语言交流越来越频繁。未来,长难 句分析可能面临更多跨语言的挑战,需要借助机器翻译等 技术手段进行辅助分析。
被动句与倒装
Passive sentences and inverted word orders, while adding variety and emphasis in English, can obscure the subject and main verb, requiring careful dissection to grasp the full meaning.
06
总结与展望
长难句分析的重要性
1 2 3
提高阅读理解能力 长难句是语言中的复杂结构,通过对其进行分析, 可以帮助读者更好地理解文本的含义和作者的意 图。
增强语言表达能力 通过对长难句的分析,读者可以学习到更多的语 言表达方式和技巧,从而提高自己的语言表达能 力。
应对考试压力 在阅读理解、写作等考试中,长难句经常出现。 通过对长难句的分析和训练,可以提高考生的应 试能力和成绩。
分析高中英语长难句的意义和方法
分析高中英语长难句的意义和方法高中英语长难句在阅读和写作中具有重要意义。
理解和分析长难句可以帮助学生更好地理解和掌握英语语法和句法结构,提高阅读理解能力和写作水平。
长难句的意义:1. 更丰富的表达:长难句能够在有限的语法结构中包含更多的信息,使句子更丰富、更具表达力。
2. 更准确的表达:长难句中的修饰语和从句可以进一步细化和准确描述主语或宾语,使其更具体、更准确。
3. 更高的表达层次:长难句的复杂结构可以使文章的内容更加丰富多样,呈现出更高的表达层次。
4. 提高阅读理解能力:阅读长难句需要对句子结构和语法规则有较深入的理解和把握,可以提高学生的阅读理解能力。
5. 提高写作水平:学会分析和运用长难句的方法,有助于学生提高写作技巧,使文章更有逻辑、更有条理。
分析高中英语长难句的方法:1. 理清句子结构:需要理清句子的主谓宾结构,找到主语、谓语和宾语的位置。
2. 运用语法知识:根据不同的语法规则,结合句子结构,分析句子中各个成分的用法和关系。
3. 注重上下文联系:长难句通常会包含很多修饰语和从句,需要通过上下文推测其含义和作用,理解句子的完整意思。
4. 分析句子成分之间的逻辑关系:长难句中的各个从句和修饰语之间往往存在逻辑关系,如因果关系、转折关系、让步关系等,要分析句子成分之间的逻辑关系,从而理解句子的意思。
5. 利用标点符号和信号词:长难句通常会使用逗号、分号、连词等标点符号,以及however、although、because等信号词,这些标点符号和信号词可以帮助学生理解句子的结构和逻辑关系。
分析高中英语长难句的意义和方法主要包括理清句子结构、运用语法知识、注重上下文联系、分析句子成分之间的逻辑关系,以及利用标点符号和信号词。
通过灵活运用这些方法,可以更好地理解和运用长难句,提高阅读理解能力和写作水平。
(完整word)长难句分析
高考复习冲刺专题一:高考英语长难句分析一.长难句最常见的形式1、主从复合句这些句子往往较长,一个从句套着另一个从句,环环相扣,使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。
其实,不管句子有多长有多复杂,它只由两部分构成,即主干和修饰成分.主干是整个句子的骨架,主要指主谓宾结构(或主系表结构。
而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用,它既可以是单词,也可以是短语,更常见的则是从句。
这时,考生应通过仔细分析,将每个修饰成分划出来,找出句子的主干,这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
2、分隔结构为了调整语气和增加补充信息,更主要的是为了平衡句子结构,避免头重脚轻,使语义严密,结构紧凑,可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来,这就是所谓的分隔结构。
考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。
此外,还有一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置,也可以看作是插入现象,只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整,没有新增信息。
3、成分省略在英语句子中,节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。
省略主要是为了避免重复,突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。
成分省略一般和从句相结合,一正一反,使句子富于变化,增强表现力.例如在以than,as引导的比较状语从句中,一些成分往往被省略,会给理解带来一定的影响,而且这类句子出现频率较高,考生需要熟记。
4、改变语序改变语序主要指倒装句式.这种打破相对固定的常规语序的做法,或是为了强调句子的意义表达的重心,或是强调一种表达语气,如虚拟语气、否定语气等。
这些句子往往和一些副词、连词相关,有明显的标志.二。
突破策略(1)结构分析法所谓结构分析法,就是通过语法分析,迅速弄清句子的结构,把握住句子的基本框架。
基本步骤是:首先,判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句;然后,找出句子的核心成分,分清主语和谓语,再分清句子的附属成分。
① However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last past about 120 years。
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状语从句 It [主语] reaches [谓语] the flipper[宾语] itself. [状语]
句子 2
If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension
并列句 The water [主语] will be firmly held. [谓语]
句子 3
The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper, were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical
状语从句 The pores [主语] are [系动词] small enough. [表语]
并列句 The water [主语] in them [定语] will exist [谓语] as thin films, [状语] too light to overcome the force of surface tension[定语] holding them in place. [定语]
In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vessels carrying cooled blood from the flippers[定语] run close enough to the blood vessels carrying warm blood from the body[定语] to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels; thus, the heat is transferred from the outgoing to the ingoing vessels before it reaches the flipper itself. 完成了句子主干划分之后,根据汉语的表述顺序,将后置定语往前放,这样整个句子的意思 就出来了。
朗播网
朗播网 【参考翻译】 在逆流交换系统中,携带着来自脚蹼冷却血液的血管与携带着来自身体温暖血液的血管足够 靠近,这样就可以从更温暖的血管中吸收一些热量;因此,在热量到达脚蹼之前,其从流出 身体的血管转移到了流入身体的血管。
【成分划分】
【成分划分】
并列句 The images [主语] produced by the camera obscura, [定语] a boxlike device, [同位语] were [系动词] already familiar. [表语]
朗播网
朗播网 并列句 The device [主语] had been much employed [谓语] by topographical artists [状语] like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice. [同位语]
【难点解析】
本句的难点在于复杂的后置定语干扰了阅读,给我们理解句子带来了影响。在这个句子中就 是现在分词短语 carrying cooled blood…做了后置定语,造成了主语 the blood vessels 和谓语 run 被分割,后面接着出现了另一个 the blood vessels carrying warm blood……, 进一步加大了理解难度,让我们一时无法理清句子结构。找到这种后置定语,划分句子主干 的时候直接忽视这种修饰性成分,句子的主要信息就变得非常清晰:
朗播网
朗播网
并列句 The water [主语] in them [定语] will exist [谓语] as drops [状语] too heavy for surface tension to hold. [定语]
并列句 It [主语] will drain away. [谓语]
并列句一 In a countercurrent exchange system, [状语] the blood vessels [主语] carrying cooled blood from the flippers [定语] run [谓语] close enough to the blood vessels [状语] carrying warm blood from the body [定语] to pick up some heat [状语] from the warmer blood vessels. [状语]
朗播网
朗播网 artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice. 【难点解析】 本句的难点是定语(produced by the camera obscura)放在了被修饰词(the images) 的后面,与汉语表述习惯不一致,另外,出现同位语(a boxlike device)修饰定语中的名 词性部分(the camera obscura),而又有一个定语从句(that used a……)又修饰改同位 语(a boxlike device),使得主语和谓语被很多成分隔开,给我们理解的带来了一定的困 难。找到那些修饰性成分,先忽略它们,再看句子主干就清楚了。 The images produced by the camera obscura[定语], a boxlike device[同位语] that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper[定语从句], were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice. 【参考翻译】 针孔照相机(一种盒状的装置)产生的影像已经为大家所熟知,它是一种使用小孔或透镜将 影像投射到毛玻璃屏或一张白纸上的盒状装置——这种装置已经为很多地貌风景画家所用, 例如意大利画家 Canaletto 在他所创作的威尼斯精致风景画中(使用了这种装置)。
【参考翻译】
如果孔隙很大,其中的水分会以水滴的形态而存在,水滴的重量足以克服表面张力的束缚, 随后水分就会渐渐流失;但是,如果孔隙足够小,其中的水会以薄膜形态而存在,薄膜太轻 无法克服表面张力的缚,因此,这种形态的水会稳稳地附着在孔隙表面上。
【成分划分】
状语从句 The pores [主语] are [系动词] large. [表语]
定语从句 A boxlike device [主语] used [谓语] a pinhole or lens [宾语] to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper. [宾语补足语]
句子 4
A maritime code known as the Consulate of the Sea which originated in the western Mediterranean region in the fourteenth century, won acceptance by a majority of sea goers as the normative code for maritime conduct; it defined such matters as the authority of a ship's officers, protocols of command, pay structures, the rights of sailors, and the rules of engagement when ships met one another on the sea-lanes.
朗播网
朗播网 holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held. 【难点解析】 本句的难点是定语(例如 too heavy for surface tension to hold)放在了被修饰词(例如 drops)的后面,与汉语表述习惯不一致,给我们理解的带来了一定的困难。另外,后置定 语中嵌套了另一个后置定语,更加增加了难度(too light to overcome the force of surface tension[定语] holding them in place. [定语])。根据定语的特点(限定或者修饰 名词性成分),遇到后置定语,先忽略这些修饰性的定语,找到句子主干,再按照自己的理 解,将英语句子切分成一小段一小段来翻译,最后再组合成一句话,这样整句话意思就清晰 了。 If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold[定语], and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension[定语] holding them in place[定语]; then the water will be firmly held.