职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-26

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职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0530-25

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0530-251、ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with ____ of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question hard to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit forexercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion. What type of exercise one should choose depends upon one's physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do bet ter to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.【单选题】A.theseB.thisC.thoseD.that正确答案:C答案解析:本空格后面的of?middle?age?and?beyond提示了本空格要填的词应该是指“人”，而且不止一个人。

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0530-29

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0530-291、Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred YearsA hundred years ago, life expectancy in developed countries was about 47 in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these ages are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people 100 years ago, we need to look at the greatest killers of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and oftenhighly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In the developed world these diseases are far less deadly today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations againstcommon diseases. ____, people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food, better and warmer housing, and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically, we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those spread by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect older people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leading to more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases", which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.【单选题】A.AndB.ThereforeC.In additionD.Nevertheless正确答案:C答案解析:前面说的是对疾病的防范和控制加强，后面说的是整体环境的改善，两者为并列关系，但是and在书面语中不能这样使用，所以只能选in addition。

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-29

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-291、PopulationThe advantages and disadvantages of large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited . To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population . Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify themOne of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, ____. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.【单选题】A.which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify themB.It has been argued that the supply of good land is limitedC.it will be the first concern of government to plane a limit on the birth rate, whatever the consequences may beD.Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller populationE.A small population may mean lower productivity, but a higheraverage incomeF.because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods正确答案:C答案解析:需要选择的是这个句子中的主干，前面说在这个发展中国家里，极度膨胀的人口给食品、空间和自然资源都造成了很大的压力，因此顺理成章地控制人口就成为这样的国家的政府关注的头等大事。

职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-99

职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-991、Blasts from the Past1 Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history. Not because they were bigger, but because the carbon they released wiped out life with greater ease.2 Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300. million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do.3 Wignall calculated the "killing efficiency" for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.4 The Permian extinction, for example, which happened 250million years ago, is marked by floods of volcanic rock in. Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe, Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide, The global warming that followed wiped out 8 per cent of all marine genera at the time, and it took 5 million years far tire planet to recover.5 Yet 60 million years ago in the late Palaeocene there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global-warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years, "The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all," Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous, 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid.6 Wignall thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of C02 Ocean chemistry may also have played a role. As the supercontinents broke up and exposed more coastline there may have been more weathering of silica rocks. This would have encouraged the growth of phytoplankton in the oceans, increasing the amount of C02 absorbed from the atmosphere.7 Vincent Courtillot, director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall's idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they fasted. And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years.8 Courtillot also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide emissions.Older eruptions were more devastating____.【单选题】A.than more recent onesB.the killing efficiency for older eruptionsC.has remained controversialD.Wignall's calculations as acceptableE.has been mown to us allF.his ideas正确答案:A答案解析:more recent ones较后来的火山爆发。

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-27

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-271、CancerCancer is a group of many related diseases that begin in cells, the body\'s basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor. Benign (良性的) tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant (恶性的) tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control or order.Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Many gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, or exposureto carcinogens (致癌物) in the workplace or in the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy （化疗), hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctor may use one method or a combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patient\'s age and general health, and other factors. Because treatment for cancer can also damage healthy cells and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighing the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of cancer, the extent of the disease, and the patient\'s tolerance for pain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, or nerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved or reduced with prescription medicines or over-the-counter drugs recommended by the doctor.Gene alterations may be caused by____.【单选题】A.prescription medicinesB.control or orderC.tolerance for painD.various factorsE.normal genesF.different genes side effects正确答案:D答案解析:根据题干线索词Gene alterations定位原文至第二段第二句“Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer”，题干中的alterations与句中的change虽然词性不同，但意思相同。

职称英语考试《卫生类》答案

职称英语考试《卫生类》答案In 1959 the average American family paid $989 for a year’s supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price increase of nearly one-third. Every family has had this s?ort of experience. Everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really responsible?Many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese that stores offer for sale. Aording to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, thefarmer’s share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521. This was 31 per cent more than the farmer had received in 1959.But farmers claim that this increase was very small pared to the increase in their cost of living. Farmers tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food prices. They particularly blame those who process the farm productsafter the products leave the farm. These include truck drivers, meat packers, manufacturers of packages and other food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold. They are among the “middlemen” who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices?Of the $1,311 family food bill in 1972, middlemen received $790, which was 33 per cent more than they had received in 1959. It appears that the middlemen’s profit has increased more than farmer’s. But some economistsclaim that the middleman’s actual profit was very low. Aording to economists at the First National City Bank, the profit for meat packers and food stores amounted to less than one per cent. During the same period all others manufacturers were making a profit of more than 5 per cent. By parison with other members of the economic system both farmers and middlemen have profited surprisingly littlefrom the rise in food prices.Who then is actually responsible for the size of thebill a housewife must pay before she carries the food home from the store? The economists at First National City Bank have an answer to give housewives, but many people will not like it. These economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in food prices. They say that food costs more now because women don’t want to spend much time in the kitchen. Women prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market.Vegetables and chicken cost more when they have beencut into pieces by someone other than the one who buys it.A family should expect to pay more when several “TVdinne rs” are taken home from the store. These are fullycooked meals, consisting of meat, vegetables, and sometimes desert, all arranged on a metal dish. The dish is put into the oven and heated while the housewife is doing something else. Such a convenience costs money. Thus, as economists point out: “Some of the basic reasons for widening food price spreads are easily traceable to the increasing use of convenience foods, which transfer much of the time and work of meal preparation from the kitchen to the food processor’s plant.”Economists remind us that many modern housewives have jobs outside the home. They earn money that helps to pay the family food bills. The housewife naturally has less time and energy for cooking after a day’s work. She wants to buy m any kinds of food that can be put on her family’s table easily and quickly. “If the housewife wants all of these,” the economists say, “that is her privilege, but she must be prepared to pay for the services of those who make her work easier.”It appears that the answer to the question of rising prices is not a simple one. Producers, consumers, and middlemen all share the responsibility for the sharp rise in food costs.练习：1. Paragraph 32. Paragraph 43. Paragraph 54. Paragraph 6A The Cost of Convenience.B A Surprising Answer Given by the Economists.C The Effect of InflationD Middlemen’s Limited Share in the Additional Profit.E Farmers’ Denial of Increased Profit.F Housewives’ Need to Find Jobs.5.Many people agree that food prices have increased sharply but they have failed .6.The farmers have not been benefited very much.7.Housewives have to pay for the time they save.8.The economists have e to the conclusion that the cause of increased food prices lies in .A Nor have the middlemen.B to increase the prices for food.C that they cannot agree on the causes of the increase in prices to agree on the reasons for the increase.E by buying prepared food.F the popularization of convenience food.答案：E D B A D A E F。

职称英语考试卫生类试题及答案(3)

职称英语考试卫生类试题及答案(3)Friendly Relations with the people Around1 You depend on all the people closely around to give you the warm feeling of belongingness（归属）that you must have to feel secure. But, In fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them. A person who shows that he wants everything for himsefl in bound（一定的）to be a lonely wolf.2 The need for companionship is closely realated to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much upon having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.3 Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You don't know them. When the game is over, you will all go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling ofcompanionship, of sharing the feelings of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.4 An experience of this kind gives the clue（线索）to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Companions become friends when these ties are formed.5 When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintances（熟人）, you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.23 Paragraph2 ______________23 Paragraph3 ______________23 Paragraph4 ______________23 Paragraph5 ______________A Close Link Between Companionship and BelongingnessB How to Satisfy Other People's NeedsC An Example of a Satisfying RelationshipD Difficulties in Establishing FriendshipsE What Companionship Really Is【备注说明，非正文，实际使用可删除如下部分。

全国职称英语等级考试卫生类级参考答案及解析

2013‎‎试(卫生类A)‎析第1部分：词汇选项1．【】A【题】生 ‎‎原则。

A．主要，基 B．道德，精神 C．定期，有规 D．硬，艰难【析】查形容词。

划线词car‎d inal‎为“基，主要 ”， funda‎mental‎。

为‎A。

【点延伸】表示“ ，基 ”词还有bas‎ic(基，基础 )，radica‎l( ，激进 )，prime(主要，首要 )2．【】B【题】 ‎‎。

A．拒绝，排斥B．支持， C．使服从，交D．虑，认为【析】查动词。

划线词end‎o rse 为‎“签署，，认可”， appro‎v e为词‎，‎为B。

【点延伸】表示“ ” 词还有co‎n sent( ，)，suppor‎t(支持，)，sancti ‎o n(认可，支持；制裁，处罚)，agree( ， )3．【】D【题】 ‎ 持‎怀疑态度。

A．未受影响，未改变 B．必然，无疑，定 C．沉默，寂静 D．怀疑，不定【析】查形容词。

划线词ske‎p tical‎为“怀疑 ”， doubt‎f ul为 ‎词，为‎D。

【点延伸】-ful表示形‎容词，如doubt‎f ul(怀疑 )，succes‎s ful( 功 )，hopefu‎l(有希望 )4．【】D【题】 ‎ 绝，为 ‎ 受 ‎。

A．死，变死 B．经过，逝去C．运走，带走D．绝，绝【析】查短。

划线词die‎out 为“ 绝，消失”，becom‎e extinc‎t为词，为D。

【点延伸】die off(相继死去)，die of／from(死于)，die away(减弱，消失)【题】期 ‎交 ‎很简单。

A．可靠，可信 B．有效，起作 C．简单 D．选择性，交替【析】查形容词。

划线词pri‎m itive‎为“原始，简单，粗糙 ”， simpl‎e为词， ‎为C。

【点延伸】-able表示‎形容词，如relia‎b le(可信，可靠 )，depend‎a ble(可依靠 )；-tive表示‎形容词，如effec‎t i ve(有效 )，active‎(积极 )6．【】D【题】 ‎选 ‎冠军。

职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0524-29

职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0524-291、Nurse ! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or so far on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon, it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children were upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse! I want my mummy" published in 1974 , changed the face of paediatric nursing.Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela's study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degreeto which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital. " "The idea was that if mum came to visit a small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable for hours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. " "Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was eve coming back. ""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit. " "But children were alone and depressed so Hawthorn said parents should be ____ to visit. ""Dr Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal. " "Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward. ""As a result of her work, parents and careers are now recognized as partners and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children whilst they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care. "【单选题】A.forcedB.guidedC.persuadedD.allowed正确答案:D答案解析:be allowed to do sth. :被允许做某事。

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-1

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-11、Parkinson\'s Disease1 Parkinson\'s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson\'s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson\'s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3 Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, noteveryone with a tremor has Parkinson\'s disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson\'s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson\'s may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills (dementia).4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson\'s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You \'may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.One of the most common signs of Parkinson\'s is tremor ____.【单选题】A.if there isn\'t enough dopamine your bodyB.what affects muscles all through your bodyC.which cannot be cured yetD.if you have a fixed or blank expressionE.which may be the first symptom you noticeF.what causes Parkinson\'s disease正确答案:E答案解析:帕金森症最主要的一个症状就是颤抖，颤抖也可能是你注意到的最初症状。

职称英语考试卫生类术真题资料附答案

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】职称英语考试卫生类练习题(补全短文) Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all! It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 per cent of what we really mean while words themselves only express 7 per cent.So，while your mouth is closed，just what is your body saying…Alms. _1_ If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back，this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. _2_ If someone upsets you，just cross your arms to show you’re unhappy!Head.When you want to appear confident，keep your head level.If you are monitor in class，you cart also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously. _3_ Legs.Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies.If you are at interviews，try to keep them still!Posture.A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. _4_ This makes breathing more difficult，which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.Mouth.When you are thinking，you often purse your lips.You might also use this position to hoId back all angry comment you don’t wish to show. _5_A If you are feeling down，you normally don’t sit straight，with your shoulders inwards.B If you are pleased，you usually open your eyes wide and people Can notice this.。

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0530-26

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0530-261、Smallpox virusIt's now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to ____ that everyone would let go of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. And the last “official” stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, for no obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there's a good reason to keep the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple.Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn't mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let's make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.【单选题】A.knowB.imagineC.realizeD.be?aware正确答案:B答案解析:此处应填人一个非事实性动词。

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-22

职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案0529-221、Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills American scientists say musical training seems to improve communication skills and language retardation. They found that developing musical skills involves the same process in the brain as learning how to speak. The scientists believe that could help children with learning disabilities. Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois. She says musical training involves putting together different kinds of information, such as hearing music, looking at musical notes, touching an instrument and watching other musicians. This process is not much different from learning how to speak. Both involve different senses. She further explains musical training and learning to speak each make us think about what we are doing. She says speech and music pass through a structure of the nervous system called the brain stem. The brain stem controls our ability to hear. Until recently, experts have thought the brain stem could not be developed or changed. But Professor Kranss andher team found that musical training can improve a person\'s brain stem activity. The study involved individuals with different levels of musical ability. They were asked to wear an electrical device that measures brain activity. The individuals wore the electrode while they watched a video of someone speaking and a person playing a musical instrument ----the cello. Professor Krauss says cellos have sound qualities similar to some of the sounds that are important with speech. The study found that the more years of training people had, the more sensitive they were to the sound and rhythm of the music. Those who were involved in musical activities were the same people in whom the improvement of sensory events was the strongest. ____ She says using music to improve listening skills could mean they hear sentences and understand facial expressions better. 【单选题】A.Both involve different senses.B.Nina Kraus is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois.C.Some disabled children attended the musical training Class.D.It shows the importance of musical training to children with learning disabilities.E.Professor Krauss says cellos have sound qualities similar to some of the sounds that are important with speech.F.The brain stem controls our ability to hear.正确答案:D答案解析:最后一段介绍音乐训练的方法和结果，以及对学习的关联和影响。

职称英语卫生试题及答案

职称英语卫生试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. The most common cause of respiratory infections is:A. BacteriaB. VirusesC. FungiD. Parasites答案：B2. Which of the following is not a symptom of influenza?A. FeverB. CoughC. Sore throatD. Diarrhea答案：D3. The primary method of transmission for the common cold is:A. AirborneB. FoodborneC. ContactD. Vector-borne答案：A4. The main route of entry for hepatitis B virus is:A. Through the skinB. Through the respiratory tractC. Through the digestive tractD. Through the bloodstream答案：D5. Which of the following is a preventive measure against hand, foot, and mouth disease?A. VaccinationB. HygieneC. IsolationD. Medication答案：B6. The principle of action of penicillin is to:A. Kill virusesB. Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesisC. Suppress immune functionD. Increase blood circulation答案：B7. The correct procedure for hand hygiene is:A. Rinse with water, then apply soapB. Apply soap, then rinse with waterC. Rinse with water, then dry with a towelD. Apply soap, then dry with a towel答案：B8. The main route of transmission for cholera is:A. AirborneB. FoodborneC. ContactD. Vector-borne答案：B9. The most effective way to prevent influenza is:A. Taking antiviral drugsB. Wearing masksC. Getting vaccinatedD. Drinking herbal tea答案：C10. The main symptom of measles is:A. RashB. FeverC. CoughD. Sore throat答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The standard for personal hygiene is to keep the body,_________, and clothing clean.答案：hands and face2. The "three no's and one must" in hospital hygiene include not spitting, not littering, not smoking, and _________.答案：must wash hands3. The main method of transmission for tuberculosis is through _________.答案：airborne droplets4. The "five daily cleanings" in environmental hygiene include sweeping the floor, cleaning the desk, _________, cleaning the blackboard, and cleaning the trash can.答案：cleaning the windows5. The "three controls" in food hygiene are control of_________, control of utensils, and control of personnel.答案：raw materials三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. What are the basic requirements for hospital hygiene?答案：Hospital hygiene requires maintaining cleanliness and tidiness of the environment, regular disinfection of wards, and strict control of the entry and exit of patients and visitors.2. What are the three main measures for preventing infectious diseases?答案：The three main measures for preventing infectious diseases are controlling the source of infection, cutting off the transmission route, and protecting susceptible populations.3. What are the three aspects of food hygiene?答案：The three aspects of food hygiene are the hygiene ofraw materials, the hygiene of the cooking process, and the hygiene of utensils and dining environments.4. What are the three steps of hand hygiene?答案：The three steps of hand hygiene are wetting hands with water, applying soap, and rinsing hands thoroughly.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. Discuss the importance and methods of environmental hygiene.答案：Environmental hygiene is crucial for preventing diseases and ensuring public health. Methods include regular cleaning and disinfection of the environment, proper waste management, and maintaining good ventilation.2. Discuss the importance and methods of personal hygiene.答案：Personal hygiene is essential for preventing infections and maintaining health. Methods include regular bathing, changing clothes, washing hands frequently, and maintaining oral hygiene.五、案例分析题（每题30分，共30分）案例：A hospital has reported an outbreak of hospital-acquired infections. Analyze the possible causes and propose measures for prevention and control.答案：Possible causes include inadequate disinfection of wards, poor hygiene of medical staff, and improper handling of medical waste. Measures for prevention and control include strengthening the disinfection of wards, enhancing the hygiene awareness of medical staff, and。

职称英语卫生类精选练习题(阅读判断)

职称英语卫生类精选练习题(阅读判断) Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit have been the norm for American medical practice. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in their community. They refer their patients as needed to the hospital, which usually charges according to the number of days a patient stays and the facilities - X-rays, operating rooms, tests -he or she uses.Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.Physicians are among the best-paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to, earn incomes of more than $100,000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would-be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $20,000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $10,000 a year. By the time they have obtained theirmedical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency (住院医生实习期)in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.1.Many physicians in the US are self-employed private physiciansA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned2.No salaried physicians teach in medical schools in the US.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned3.Of all employed physicians, those hired by corporations are best paidA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned4.Becoming a physician in the US costs considerable time and money.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned5.Physicians in the US are poorly rewarded for their workA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned6.Anyone with a medical degree can set up a medical practice in the USA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned7.There are more men physicians than women physicians in the USA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。