大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(四)
(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbcIn the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcbThere are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbccAs she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on yourtoes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith didnot hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcdIf the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(四)含答案解析
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四）含答案解析六As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc七In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual.Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb八There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment inwhich he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc九As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeableexperience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes onsale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd十If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd。
(完整word版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.,推荐文档.docx
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四）十六Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size.The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this providesan easy entry for disease, but itis awound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease asto whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly.1.Pruning should be done to ______.a.make the tree grow tallerb.improve the shape of the treec.get rid of the small branchesd.make the small branches thicker2.Trees become unhealthy if the gardener ______. a.allows too many branches to grow in the middleb.does not protect them from windc.forces them to grow too quicklyd.damages some of the small side branches3.Why is a special substance painted on the tree? a.To make a wound smoothb.To prevent disease entering a woundc.To cover a rough surfaced.To help a wound to dry4.A good gardener prunes a tree______.a.at intervals throughout the yearb.as quickly as possiblec.occasionally when necessaryd.regular every winter5.What was the author's purpose when writing this passage? a.To give pratical instruction for pruning a tree.b.To give a general description of pruningc.To explain how trees develop diseasesd.To discuss different methods of pruning.答案： babca十七On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Carke, dressed for going out, took her handbag withher money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over60s Club. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone.At six o'clock she cane home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign offorced entry.Over a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fittedher front door-"a master key"perhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements? On the Thursday after that shewent out at her usual time,dressed as usual, but she didn't go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait.It was just after four o'clock when the front door bell rang.Mrs. Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle andpoured the water over the hand. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.1.Mrs. Clarke looded forward to Thursday because_______. a.she worked at a club on the dayb.she said visitors on Thursdaysc.she visited a club on Thursdayd.a special visitor came on Thursday2.If someone had made a forced entery,_______.a.Mrs.Clarke would have found a broken door or windowb.he or she was still in the housec.things would have been thown aboutd.he or she would have needed a master key3.On the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_______. a.because she didn't want to miss the club again b.to see if the thief was hnging about outsidec.to the club but then changed her mindd.in an attempt to trick the thief4.The lock on the front door was one which_______. a.needed a piece of wire to open itb.could he opened from inside without a keyc.could't be opened without a keyed a knob instead of a key5.The wire feel to the floor_______.a.because Mrs.Clarke refused to open the doorb.when the man's glove dropped offc.because it was too hot to holdd.because the man justwanted to get away答案： cadbd十八Many people believe the glare from snow causessnowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves sufferingfrom headaches and watering eyes,and evensnowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" . The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country.Rather, a man's eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing,hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness.Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape,Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight , dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus . The men following can then see something.Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see,stop scouring thesnow-blanketed lanscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time,themen can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome.1.To prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are_____.a.indispensibleefulc.ineffectived.available2.When the eyes are sore tears are produced to ________. a.clear the visionb.remedy snowblindnessc.ease the irritationd.loosen the muscles3.Snowblindness may be avoided by_______.a.concentrating to the solid white terrainb.searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrainc.providing the eyes with something to foucs ond.covering the eyeballs with fluid4.The scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _______.a.bive the men behind something to seeb.beautify the landscapec.warm themselves in the coldd.prevent the men behind from losing their way5.A suitable title for this passage would be _______. a.snowblindness and how to overcome itb.natrue's cure for snowblindnessc.soldiers in the snowd.snow vision答案： CCCAA十九Water problems in the future will become nore intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes,primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantialy the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complexchemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population,agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasingquantitiesof agricultural chemicals, From this , it is apparent that drastic steps must betaken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involvesthe processing of solid wastes "prior to " disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or efflunets,to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement . Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Efflunets from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential eonomic uses for waste products.1.The purpose of this passage is ______.a.to alert the reader to the dwindling water supplyb.to explain industrial usesof waterc.to acquaint the reader with water pollution problemsd.to demostratevarious measures to solve the pollution problem2.Which of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage?a.In dustrial development incudes the simplification of complex chemical processes.b.Diluting wastes needs certain amount of waterc.Demands for water will go up along with the expanding populationd.Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals3.The reader can conclued that________.a.countries of the world will work together on polution problemsb.byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplacec.science is making great progress on increasing water suppliesd.some industries are now ,aking economic use of wastes4.The author gives substance to the passage through the use of _______.a.interviews with authorities in the field of water controlsb.opinions and personal observationsc.definitions which clarify important termsd.strong arguments and persuasions5.The words "prior to "(para.2 probably mean______. a.afterb.duringc.befored.beyond答案 :cadbc二十One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one's mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like "I was wrong about that," and it is even harder to say, "I was wrong , and you were right about that."I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighbourhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons. Then he related an incident and Ibegan to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gome into the store withmay mother to do the weekly grocery shopping.On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy fooddepartment where the incident tood place.There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs indozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks.Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I want to work. The manager heard the moise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my kneesinspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit. He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to payfor any broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not.1.How old was the author when he wrote this article? a.about 8b.about 18c.about 23d.about 15 2.Who was to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartons? a.The author b.The manager c.A woman d.The author's mother 3.Which of the following statements is not true? a.The woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons was seriously criticized by the mananger b.The author was severely critizized by the manager.c.A woman carelessly knocked off the stacks of cartonsd.It was the author who put the display back together 4.Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?a.Its Harder to Admit One's Mistakeb.I was once the culpritc.I remember an incidentd.A case of mistaken identity5.The tone of the article expresses the author's_______. a.admiration for the manager'swillingness to admit mistakes b.anger to the manager for his wrong accusationc.indignation against the woman who knocked off the stacks of cartonsd.reget forthe mistake the made in the store答案： ccada。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模拟试题(含答案)(04)_共5页
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT ARacket, din clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America's most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people's health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still responds—sometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night.The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health.Of many health hazards to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body.Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn child when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest.Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.1. In Paragraph 1, the phrase "immune to" are used to mean ___.A.unaffected byB.hurt byC.unlikely to be seen byD.unknown by2.3. The author's attitude toward noise would best be described as ___.A.unrealisticB.traditionalC.concernedD.hystericalWhich of the following best states the main idea of the passage?A.Noise is a major problem; most people recognize its importance.B.Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.C.Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such.D.Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done.4.5. The author condemns noise essentially because it ___.A.is against the lawB.can make some people irritableC.is a nuisanceD.in a ganger to people's healthThe author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be ___.A.unimportantB.impossible.C.a waste of moneyD.essentialTEXT BWhat we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character ofher unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.6. Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during theirpregnancy.B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____.A. she is emotionally shocked7.B.she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC. she takes part in all kind of activitiesD. she sticks to studying8.9. According to the passage, a child may inherit____.A. everything from his motherB. a knowledge of mathematicsC. a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD. her mother's musical abilityIf a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will ____.A. surely become musicianB. mostly become a poetC. possibly become a teacherD. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music10. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of Inheritance.B. An Unborn Child.C. Function of instincts.D. Inherited Talents.TEXT CThere are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual— the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(抚养) homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.11. This selection can best be titled____________.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. How the Brain Influences Intelligence12.13. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _______.A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenceD. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence According to the passage, the average I. Q. is_______.A. 85 .B. 100C. 110D. 12514. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that_______.A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same levelB. an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environmentC. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceD. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain15. This passage suggests that an individual's I. Q. _______.A. can be predicted at birthB. stays the same throughout his lifeC. can be increased by educationD. is determined by his childhoodTEXT DPersonality is，to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into 'B's. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.16. According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?A. inheritanceb. inheritance, competition and environmentc. competitiond. environment17. Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?A.Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B. Students are often divided by competition results.C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.18. The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.A. pull upb. take upc. take ind. pull in19. What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A. positiveb. negativec. doubtfuld. neutral20. what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?A. All students be made into competitive A types.B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C. All students be changed into B characteristics.D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.答案：1-5 ACCDD 6-10 BACDA 11-15 B C B C C 16-20 BDCCB。
英语专业四级考试阅读理解试题及参考答案(4)
2016英语专业四级考试阅读理解试题及参考答案（4）For a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us--or what, at least,shapes us most. And over the years, they've had a lot of exclamation moments. First it was ourparents, particularly our mothers. Then it was our genes. Next it was our peers, who show up lastbut hold great sway. And all those ideas were good ones--but only as far as they went.Somewhere, there was a sort of temperamental dark matter exerting an invisible gravitationalpull of its own. More and more, scientists are concluding that this unexplained force is our siblings.From the time we are born, our brothers and sisters are our collaborators and co-conspirators, our role models and cautionary tales. They are our scolds, protectors, goads,tormentors, playmates, counselors, sources of envy, objects of pride. They teach us how toresolve conflicts and how not to; how to conduct friendships and when to walk away from them.Sisters teach brothers about the mysteries of girls; brothers teach sisters about the puzzle of boys.Our spouses arrive comparatively late in our lives; our parents eventually leave us. Our siblingsmay be the only people we'll ever know who truly qualify as partners for life. "Siblings," says familysociologist Katherine Conger, "are with us for the whole journey."Within the scientific community, siblings have not been wholly ignored, but research has beenlimited mostly to discussions of birth order.Older sibs were said to be strivers;younger onesrebels;middle kids the lost souls.The stereotypes were broad，if not entirely untrue，and therethe discussion mostly ended.But all that’s changin9.At research centers in the U.S.，Canada，Europe andelsewhere，investigators are launching a wealth of new studies into the sibling dynamic，lookingat ways brothers and sisters steer one another int0—or awayfrom--risky behavior how they forma protective buffer(减震器)against family upheaval;how they educate one another about theopposite sex;how all siblings compete for family recognition and come to terms--or blows--oversuch impossibly charged issues as parental favoritism.From that research，scientists are gaining intriguing insights into the people we become asadults.Does the manager who runs a harmonious office call on the peacemaking skills learned inthe family playroom? Does the student struggling with a professor who plays favorites summonup the coping skills acquired from dealing with a sister who was Daddy’s girl? Do husbands andwives benefit from the inter —gender negotiations they waged when their most important partnerswere their sisters and brothers? All that is under investigation.“Siblings have just been off theradar screen until now，”says Conger.But today serious work is revealing exactly how ourbrothers and sisters influence us.1.The beginning of the passage indicates thatA.researchers have found out what shapes us.B.our peer is the last factor influencing us.C.what researchers found contributes in a limited way.D.what researchers found is good and trustworthy.2.In the third paragraph, the author tries to demonstrate that our siblingsA.offer us much useful information.B.have great influences on us.C.are the ones who love us completely.D.accompany us throughout our life.3.In scientific community, previous research on siblingsA.mostly focused on the sibling order.B.studied the characteristics of the kids.C.studied the matter in a broad sense.D.wasn’t believable and the discussion ended.4.Which of the following is NOT sibling dynamic?A.A brother cautions his sister against getting into trouble.B.Sisters have quarrels with each other.C.Siblings compete for parental favoritism.D.Older kids in a family try hard to achieve.5.From the last paragraph，we can conclude thatA.managers learned management skills from the family playroom.B.spouses learnednegotiation skills from their siblings.C.studies on siblings are under the way。
大学英语四试题及答案
大学英语四试题及答案大学英语四级考试是中国专门为大学本科四年级学生所设立的一项英语考试，旨在评估学生掌握英语的听、说、读、写四项基本技能的程度。
以下是一份关于大学英语四级试题及答案的详细介绍。
第一部分：听力理解（共20题，每题1.5分，共30分）第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman going to do?A. Take a bus.B. Go by car.C. Walk.2. When does the next train leave?A. At 9:55.B. At 10:00.C. At 10:25.3. What does the man want to drink?A. Juice.B. Coffee.C. Tea.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. A broken computer.B. A new program.C. A technical problem.5. What does the woman want the man to do?A. Fix the refrigerator.B. Clean the refrigerator.C. Buy a new refrigerator.（略去其余15题）参考答案1. B2. A3. C4. B5. A第二部分阅读理解（共20题，每题2分，共40分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Passage 1It was Christmas Eve and the Browns were having their dinner．“Where’s my present?” asked five-year-old Michael．His mother smiled，“Here it is．”The boy excitedly unwrapped it．“It’s a toy dinosaur！Can you putit together for me，Dad？”“Certainly，” his father said with a smile. “I have to get a screwdriver，though．”He left in search of one，and returned a few minutes later with it.His wife suddenly remembered something，“Mike，you left theback door open．Please go and close it．”“But it’s too dark to go outside，” Michael protested．His father, however，insisted，“It will only take a minute，Son．”Michael went outside with a flashlight and closed the back door．Suddenly， he saw a huge dinosaur on the lawn． It was red and green and had yellow eyes.“Merry Christmas！” it thundered．“Oh dear！” Michael thought，“It’s a real dinosaur．”Out of the mouth of the dinosaur came presents for Mrs. Brown and Michael．根据短文内容，回答以下问题。
大学英语4级试卷+答案 (4)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. He regrets ______ my advice.A. not having takenB. not takeC. to have not takenD. not to take2. He has been hoping for a rise in salary for a year but he ______ ask for it yet.A. daren’tB. doesn’t dareC. hadn’t daredD. won’t dare3. At an early age she already showed a talent ______ music.A. inB. forC. onD. of4. I feel rather doubtful ________ the result of the experiment.A. aboutB. atC. withD. for5. ______ the severe cold, tourism was ________ full swing.A. Though, onB. Despite, onC. Though, inD. Despite, in6. Passengers may leave bulky articles under the stairs ______ the conductor's permission.A. atB. withC. onD. in7. You won't get in _____ the end of the act.A. tillB. atC. byD. in8. He said he was in debt and asked me for a loan ______ $50.A. onB. forC. withD. of9. What tremendous achievements we have made _______ all fronts in the past few years!A. inB. onC. atD. of10. John is unfortunately devoid _______ a sense of humour.A. withB. ofC. toD. from11. Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets _____ intransit.A. misusedB. mishandledC. mistakenD. mislaid12. Our side my office window, there is a fire _______ on the right.A. ladderB. escapeC. stepsD. stairs13. The sight of the fruit salad made our daughter kit’s mouth _____.A. wetB. oozeC. waterD. moisten14. When Langston waited to be saved by Jesus, he saw the lighted candles on the altar _____ in the draught from the opening window.A. flickeringB. flutteringC. shiveringD. wavering15. Marilyn will not be able to come to the Christmas party as she is _______ with a cold.A. laid downB. laid outC. laid byD. laid up16. Little _______ a year ago that I would be studying here today in Britain.A. I thoughtB. thought IC. I did thinkD. did I think17. Not until ______ himself seriously ill.A. he had completed the task did he findB. had he completed the task did he findC. he completed the task had he foundD. did he complete the task he had found18. In vain _______ to get in touch with the Embassy.A. they triedB. tried theyC. did they tryD. they have tried19. Seldom _____ him fly into such a rage since I knew him.A. I sewB. I have seenC. had I seenD. have I seen20. Only by carrying out an open-door poling ______.A. our country can be developedB. can be our country developedC. can our country developD. our country can develop二、翻译（共计10分）1. 电影开演半小时了。
大学英语四级练习卷+答案解析 (4)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.Peter________his breath in wonder when he saw the Christmas tree in the sitting room.A.keptB.heldC.blewD.grasped2.Our school singing group is going to give______performance next month: don’t miss it.A.an aliveB.a livingC.a liveD.a life3.The old buildings blend with the new ones in perfect________,soa walk along Huai Hai Road is an enjoyable discovery.A.harmonyB.orderC.controlD.action4.Working under the new expert who always encourages creativity in young people,we have been_______with better ideas in test design.ing downing outing alonging up5.This performance is a big stride,________,towards adapting the western mind to the traditional Chinese opera.A.as it isB.as it wasC.as it wereD.as it has been6.Having kissed her son,Eve gave him a dismissive________towards the car.A.pushB.pullC.drawD.drag7.There is________telling what the tiger will do when it is cornered.A.nothingB.noneC.noD.no8.The members in the testing team were quite______and could change their schedule upon request.A.lenientB.suppleC.flexibleD.gentle9.As Mr Best was passing the bookshop,he thought he’d just_____tosee whether any interesting books were on sale.A.look inB.look upC.look roundD.look for10.Marge’s bedroom was in a________,with books and papers covering every possible surface.A.littleB.messC.rubbishD.disorder11.Kenya’s Tsavo Game Park_______Susan much of the wildlife park she had visited in New Jersey.A.remindedB.recalledC.receivedD.remembered12.Dr Meck wrote:“As is true with most animals,the wolf is an opportunist while the deer is one of the shyest_________animals in existence.”A.savageB.tameC.wildD.strange13.The juvenile delinquent was released in_______of his good behavior.A.caseB.wayC.viewD.event14.The young student who wears her long hair in_______is from Yobohama.A.tailsB.plaitsC.fringesD.ends15.Did you notice the_______on the doctor’s face when he heard that Kino had found the pearl of the world.A.appearanceB.expressionC.descriptionD.look16."I'm not going to buy that book.""______.It's too expensive."A.I don't eitherB.So am IC.Neither am ID.I am not too17.Home is home,_______ever so homely.A.it isB.it wereC.be itD.it be18.______about the tragedy,we would never have come without first calling.A.If we hearB.If we heardC.Had we heardD.We had heard19.______of such a thing.A.Never have I heard C.Never heard IB.Never I heard D.Never I have heard20.The business of each day,_______selling goods or shopping than, were quite smoothly.A.be itB.was itC.it beingD.it was二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案大学英语四级阅读习题(一)1、A2、D3、C4、C5、B大学英语四级阅读习题答案Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord" and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers apron strings." In the process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and to "stand on their own two feet".Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _____.A) is a sign of their customsB) is an indication of their level of knowledgeC) symbolizes their social systemD) varies from culture to culture22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that _____.A) children dont like their parentsB) parents dont feel close to their childrenC) parents would not like to live together with their childrenD) independence from ones family is an important personal goal in USA23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.A) are caught in their mothers apronsB) must always wear an apron when they eatC) are very dependent on their mothersD) are independent from their parents24. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _____.A) children have to earn money to help the familyB) they need more moneyC) they want them to begin establishing autonomyD) children have to save money for future use25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.A) Americans are money loversB) Americans admire independenceC) Americans are good at decision-makingD) Americans are all responsible大学英语四级阅读习题(二)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.21. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________.A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) reexamine the rules for football refereeing22. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________.A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 1998 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match23. The findings of the experiment show that ________.A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot24. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ________.A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the site of the experiment25. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.。
大学英语英语四级(含答案) (4)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. He climbed up into the tree and picked all the fruit _____ reach.A. atB. nearC. withinD. beyond2. The old man invested all his money _______ a chicken farm and got rich.A. onB. intoC. inD. at3. He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was _______ his wit's end.A. atB. inC. outD. on4. The fishermen gathered abalone ______ a depth of seven feet.A. withB. withoutC. atD. within5. All living organisms constantly absorb carbon 14 _______ this existence.A. outB. aboutC. aroundD. throughout6. Light comes in _______ the window.A. byB. throughC. out ofD. in7. The young worker expressed the indignation _______ being dismissed without any reason.A. forB. atC. toD. of8. Science has brought _______ many changes in our life.A. outB. intoC. aboutD. forward9. ______ onetime, Manchester, New Hampshire, was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.A. OnB. AtC. ByD. To10. If something is out _______ the question, it is impossible.A. ofB. toC. withD. in11. _______ snobbish people ______ you described are to be found everywhere.A. Such…likeB. So…likeC. Such…asD. So…as12. The doctors must have spared no pains to treat the patient _______ he has recovered from his serious injury.A. butB. beforeC. forD. till13. Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improvingthe ability to predict these events _____ to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.A. and thusB. soC. howeverD. because14. ______ the large amount of time devoted to listening every day, most collegestudents do not listen effectively.A. MoreoverB. NeverthelessC. DespiteD. Furthermore15. The Smithsonian Institution preserves more than sixty-five million items of scientific, historical, or artistic interest, ______ winning the popular title "attic of the nation."A. howeverB. thusC. andD. moreover16. The second-hand car Patrick bought was almost new; _____, it was in excellent condition.A. neverthelessB. howeverC. butD. besides17. Larry helped me finish my work _______ was very kind of him.A. and thatB. so thatC. and thisD. which18. He called the police for help, ____ that the problem was more than he could deal with.A. having been realizedB. to realizeC. realizedD. realizing19. --- How much is the desk?---it__ninety-nine pounds.( )A. costsB. Pays toC. spendsD. Takes is20. I am afraid I won't be able to keep in touch__him.( )A. To goB. For ifC. withD. By too二、完型填空（共计20分）Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is (1) I became an animal collector in the first (2). The answer is that I have always been interested inanimals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any (3) was not the conventional “mamma”or “daddy”, (4) the word “zoo”, which I would (5) over and over again with a shrill (6) until someone, in groups to (7) me up, would take me to the zoo. When I (8) a little older, welived in Greece and I had a great(9) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my sparetime(10) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to (11) to my collection of pets. (12) on I went fora year to the City Zoo, as a student (13) , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears,bison and ostriches, (14) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I (15) had enough money of myown to be able to (16) my first trip and I have been going (17) ever since then. Though a collector's jobis not an easy one and is full of (18), it is certainly a job which will appeal (19) all those who loveanimals and (20) .1.A.how B.where C. when D. whether2.A.region B.field C. place D. case3.A.clarity B.emotion C. sentiment D. affection4.A.except B.but C. except for D. but for5.A.recite B.recognize C. read D. repeat6.A.volume B.noise C. voice D. pitch7.A.close B.shut C. stop D. comfort8.A.grew B.was growing C. grow D. grown9.A.many B.amount C. number D. supply10.A.living B.cultivating C. reclaiming D. exploring11.A.increase B.include C. add D. enrichter B.further C. then D. subsequently13.A.attendant B.keeper C. member D. aide14.A.who B.they C. of which D. which15.A.luckily B.gladly C. nearly D. successfully16.A.pay B.provide C. allow D. finance17.A.normally B.regularly C. usually D. often18.A.expectations B.sorrows C. excitement D. disappointments19.A.for B.with C. to D. from20.A.excursion B.travel C. journey D. Trip三、阅读理解：(共25分)George Washington did not wish to commute far from Mount Vernon c.a tidal river nearby made for easy ocean access d.Virginia wanted to get rid of some land PETS3 Text 1 After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!1. A good title for this is ____.A. SleepC. DreamsB. Good HealthD. Work and Rest2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means ____.A. sickC. asleepB. stand upD. a little sleepy3. This suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you_____.A. dream more often C. nervousB. have poor health D. breathe quickly4. During REM, ____.A. your eyes move quickly C. you are restlessB. you dreamD. both A and B5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is ______ .A. approximately six hoursB. around ten hoursC. about eight hoursD. not stated here四、书面表达：草一份学校通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期：5月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
大学英语四级试卷(答案) (4)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.The stout fellow over there is______the great magician,Charlie Williams,himself.A.no other butB.no one thanC.none other thanD.no other than2.In the last ten years,there have been many changes in family life. Are there changes______?A.for the better or for the worseB.for the better or for the worstC.for the best or for the worstD.for the good or for the bad3.The facilities of the older hospital______.A.is as good or better than the new hospitalB.are as good or better than the new hospitalC.is as good as or better than that of the new hospitalD.are as good as or better than those of the new hospital4.Studies show that students with high self-esteem have______ratings from both themselves and their teachers in their speech than students with low self-esteem.A.highB.higherC.highestD.the highest5.Mr.Johnson is______to our party.A.more than pleased to comeB.pleased more than to comeC.more pleased than to comeD.more pleasing than to come6.Ms Simms is very sensitive______criticism.A.ofB.inC.toD.on7.It is an exception________the rules.A.ofB.inC.againstD.to8.She solved the problem_________a stroke.A.onB.ofC.atD.through9.Death always taken us_________surprise,even though we know it isinevitable.A.inB.out ofC.byD.through10.The lady insists on her constitutional right_______a passport in her maiden name.A.onB.toC.intoD.that11.I was looking for the magazine the whole of yesterday morning,I forgot______it to you.A.returnB.having returnedC.to returnD.to have returned12.They suggested us______our luck at the casino.A.to tryB.tryC.tryingD.tried13.I hope you______all the material before you make the final decision.A.will have readB.will be readC.will be readingD.would have read14.You________drive fast,there is a speed limit here.Moreover,we have plenty of time,so you______drive so fast.A.mustn't,needn'tB.needn't,needn'tC.mustn't,mustn'tD.needn't,mustn't15.You_______worry about her.She______well already.A.needn't,may getB.don't need,may getC.mustn't,getsD.needn't,may have gets16._____the Washington Monument and the Capitol,Washington D.C.would be a completely horizontal city.A.It were not forB.For it were notC.Were it not forD.weren't it for17.______,I'll marry him all the time.A.Being he rich or poorB.Was he rich or poorC.Be he rich or poorD.Whether rich or poor18.A sneeze cannot be performed voluntarily,_____be easily suppressed.A.nor cat itB.and cannot itC.nor it canD.it cannot19.Few of the gold seekers who flocked to California were experienced miners______that they had to be.A.but neither did they feelB.neither did they feelC.and so did they feelD.and they felt too20._____,their help,we would not have succeeded.A.Hadn't been forB.Had not it been forC.Had it not been forD.It hadn't been for二、完型填空（共计20分）Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas theyrepresent.Concepts of reading have changed1over the centuries.During the1950's and1960's especially,increased attention has been devoted to2the reading process.3specialists agreethat reading4acomplex organization of higher mental5,they disagree 6the exact nature of the process.Some experts,who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds,7reading as simply thedecoding of symbolssintosthe sounds they stand8.These authorities 9that meaning,being concerned with thinking,must be taught independently ofthe decoding process.Others maintain that reading is10 related to thinking,and that a child whopronounces sounds without11 their meaning is not truly reading.The reader,12some,is not just aperson with a theoretical ability to read but one who13reads.Many adults,although they have the ability to read,have never read a book in its14.By someexpert they would not be15as readers.Clearly,the philosophy,objectives,methods and materials ofreading will depend on the definition one use.By the most16and satisfactory definition, reading is theability to17the sound-symbols code of the language,to interpret meaning for various18,at variousrates,and at various levels of difficulty,and to do19widely and enthusiastically.20reading is theinterpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.1.A.substantively B.substantially C.substitutively D.subjectively2.A.define and describe B.definition and descriptionC.defining and describingD.have defined and described3.A.Although B.If C.Unless D.Until4.A.involves B.involves to C.is involved D.involves of5.A.opinions B.effects C.manners D.functions6.A.of B.about C.for D.into7.A.view B.look C.reassure D.agree8.A.by B.to C.off D.for9.A.content B.contend C.contempt D.contact10.A.inexplicably B.inexpressibly C.inextricably D.inexpediently11.A.interpreting B.saying C.explaining D.reading12.A.like B.for example C.according to D.as13.A.sometimes B.might C.practical D.actually14.A.entire B.entirety C.entirely D.entity15.A.classed B.granted C.classified D.graded16.A.inclusive B.inclinable C.conclusive plicated17.A.break up B.elaborate C.define D.unlock18.A.purposes B.degrees C.stages D.steps19.A.such B.so as C.so D.such as20.A.By the way B.In short C.So far D.On the other hand三、阅读理解：(共25分)Years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of.But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville,England in1984by Sir Ludwig Guttmann,the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann,who had been driven to England in1939from Nazi Gernamy,had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London.His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.In the first games just tow teams of injured soldiers took part.The next year,1949,five teams took part.From those beginnings,things have developed fast.Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year.In1960the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome,in the same place as the normal Olympic Games,although they are organized separately.In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville.In the1984wheelchair Olympic Games,1064wheelchair athletes from about40countries took part.Unfortunately,they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles,along with the other Olympics. The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendshiop and understanding,and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sport.One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games,however,has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at the Olympic Games for the able-bodied.Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athlets should not be excluded.1.The first games for the desabled were held_____after Sir LudwigGuttmann arrived in England.A.40yearsB.21yearsC.10yearsD.9years2.Besides Stoke Mandeville,surely the games for the disabled were once held in_____.A.New YorkB.LondonC.RomeD.Los Angeles3.In Paragraph3,the word"athletes"means_____.A.people who support the gamesB.people who watch the gamesC.people who organize the gamesD.people who compete in the games4.Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled.B.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier.C.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany.D.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is welcomed by the British government.5.From the,we may conclude that the writer is_____.A.one of the organizers of the games for the disabledB.a disabled person who once took part in the gamesC.against holding the games for the disabledD.in favour of holding the games for the disabled四、书面表达：请起草一份中学学校通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期：3月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
2021年6月大学英语四级考试阅读附试题和答案_4
2021年6月大学英语四级考试阅读附试题和答案Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.You are a German living in Berlin. One day you’re walking down the street, minding your own business, when suddenly a stranger approached with a smile on his face. After stopping you, he holds a small electronic device close to his face and speaks slowly into it, saying, in English: “Can you tell me where I can buy some sauerkraut?” What should you do? (a) Run away;(b) Call the police; or, (c) Listen closely for the device to say, in German, “Konnen Sie mir bitte sager, which SauerkrautKaufen Kann?”The most appropriate response would be (c) because the person in front of you is only a tourist trying to enjoy himself. The device is said to he the world’s first portable transistor —a hand-held microcomputer that—at the same time converts one spoken language into another.The four-pound battery-operated product is called the Voice, and it is the creation of Advanced Products and Technologies an American electronics company. When the Voice is introduced in the United States in late April—at a price of $1,500—it will be capable of converting spoken English into Italian, German, French and Spanish. The product comes with separate cartridges (盒式储存器) for each of the four languages, which can be changed when the user travels from one country to another. The item will be sold in Europe soon after the U.S. Introduction, with cartridges that covert Italian, German, French and Spanish into English.The Voice uses a microchip (微型集成块) and artificial Intelligence to translate Languages. It is started by voicecommand and produces voice output through a built-in speaker. Then the user makes a statement or asks a question, the Voice immediately repeats what has been said in another Language.21. The stranger holding the Voice seems to be ________.A) asking for some informationB) greeting the GermanC) amusing himselfD) practising his German（C）22. The German sentence “Konnen Sie Kann?” means ________.A) “Why don’t you ask the policeman.”B) “Would you listen closely for the device to say?”C) “Can you say it again, please?”D) “Can you tell me where I can buy some sauerkraut?”（D）23. The word “speaker” in the last paragraph refers to ________.A) the person who speaks to the deviceB) a component part of the VoiceC) the person who speaks GermanD) the speech produced by the Voice（B）24. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A) The voice is an invention of an electronics company.B) The voice is a hand-held translator.C) The voice is new product in wide use.D) The voice is mainly a microcomputer.（C）25. The Voice can translate ________.A) from German into any of the other four languages mentionedB) from and into English by using the same cartridgesC) between any two of the above-mentioned languagesD) from English into any of the other four languages or the other way round（D）Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Computers may one day turn night into day—with good old, natural sunlight.Colossal computer-controlled mirrors, thousands of feet across, may one day orbit the earth, reflecting sunlight onto a darkened United States.Some Scientists say that 16 of these mirrors, each about a half mile across, could aim their reflected light at one area on the earth that was about 200 miles by 300 miles. That much light would equal about 56 moons.The mirrors would be so high that they could catch the sun’s light as it was shining on the other side of the earth. The mirrors could orbit—thousands of miles high—at the same speed as the earth turns on its axis (轴). That way, themirrors would always be over the same spot.The aluminum-coated (涂铝的), plastic mirrors could be folded up and packed into a spaceship, according to the scientists. Once released a few hundred miles in space, the mirrors, powered by a solar-powered engine, could mark the rest of the trip into space on their own.The scientists say that the computer-controlled mirrors could also be made to tilt (倾斜) slowly, so the reflected sunlight would sweep slowly along the surface of the earth. For example, as night fell, the mirrors could be tilted to light up Boston. Later on, as darkness spread slowly westward. Chicago, for example, then San Francisco could be lit up. The reflectedsunlight would allow these cities to save up electricity. And in emergencies, such as power-failures, the mirrors could light up the affected area.What no one knows yet is what effect this artificial daytime would have on plants, animals, and humans. Would it confuse some animals and harm plants that are used to regular day-night cycles? The scientists recommend that studies be done to find out what had effects there might be.26. The word “colossal” in Line 3 most likely means ________.A) nuclear-poweredB) orbitingC) giantD) spinning（D）27. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the mirrors?A) They would be made of plastic and coated with aluminum.B) They could be launched directly into space.C) They would stay in the same position over the earth.D) They could reflect sunlight to a large area on the earth.（B）28. The reflected light should sweep slowly along the surface of the earth because the mirrors ________.A) would be operated by solar-powered enginesB) would orbit thousands of miles high to catch the sun’s lightC) could move around the earth at the same speed as the earth turns on its axisD) could be made to adjust their angles（D）29. The purpose for turning night into day is to ________.A) confuse animals and plantsB) light up more citiesC) save energy and deal with emergenciesD) enable people to work longer hours（C）30. The writer of this passage ________.A) gives an objective account of the mirrorsB) seems to be much worried about the effect of the mirrorsC) is in favour of the wide use of the mirrorsD) suggests that artificial daylight is harmful to living being （A）Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.As supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of agriculture is even more important than this. For in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capital income (人均收入) of a nation is the fraction of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 per cent in Western Europe and less than 4 per cent in the United States.In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment, or market structure, withinwhich it function. In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a conversation of its market structure.31. This passage is most probably ________.A) a news itemB) part of an introduction of a bookC) part of a lectureD) an advertisement（B）32. What is most important to agriculture is ________.A) the amount of food it producesB) the per capital income of farmersC) its industrial performanceD) the production of investment goods（C）33. The word “this” in Line 4 refers to ________.A) the provision of food and raw materialsB) the productivity of farmersC) the production of investment goodsD) the economy as a whole（A）34. The performance of farmers essentially determines ________.A) the size of the working populationB) the organization of agricultureC) the market structureD) the general development of economy（D）35. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of ________.A) the structure of American farming populationB) the market structure of American agricultureC) the various functions of American agricultureD) the organization of American agriculture（B）Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Before 1945, hardly anyone outside of New Mexico had ever heard of Alamogordo. In 1960 its population numbered 21,723. Ever since 1898, when the town had been built by the Southern Pacific Railroad, Alamogordo had been a lonely town. The land around it was largely desert, and largely empty.Because it was isolated and because the weather was almost always clear and peaceful, a spot of desert near Alamogordo was chosen as the last site for the first atomic bomb ever exploded. The secret name of the test was Zeo.At dawn on July 16, 1945, the atomic bomb was set off. Observers agreed that they had witnessed something unlike anything ever seen by men before, a huge, colorful fireball, more brilliant than the sun flashing as it rose for miles into the air. Never before had men released so much power at one time, nor had any nation ever possessed weapon as terrible and destructive as the atomic bomb.For several weeks, the test was kept secret. When an atomic bomb was dropped from an American plane on Hiroshima, Japan, newspapers and radio stations all over America told of the test of the bomb in New Mexico. Almost everybody was amazed to learn where the bomb had been made and tested; the deserts of the Southwest had hidden the secret well.When news of the atomic bomb and its destructiveness was announced, people all over the world wondered what other new weapons were being prepared in the New Mexico desert. Some people doubted that the secret of making atomic bombs could bekept from other countries. Some even doubted the wisdom of using so powerful a weapon. But no one doubted that a new kind of war —and a new kind of world—had begun at Alamogordo, one summer morning in 1945.36. What is the main topic of this passage?A) The secret of Alamogordo.B) A new kind of war.C) The destructive force of the first atomic bomb.D) The selection of the test site for the first atomic bomb.（A）37. Which of the following is the main reason for choosing Alamogordo as the test site?A) It always had an enjoyable climate.B) It was connected to other cities by a railway.C) Its location would hide the secret well.D) It was situated in southwestern New Mexico.（C）38. When was the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima?A) As soon as the secret was revealedB) At dawn on July 16, 1945C) Immediately after the testD) Several weeks after the test（D）39. After the first atomic bomb explosion, everybody agreed that ________.A) it was wise to choose Alamogordo as the test siteB) man had entered the age of nuclear warfareC) it was not wise to use such a powerful weaponD) it was not possible to keep the technology of making atomic bombs secret（B）40. The tone of this passage is one of ________.A) anxietyB) satisfactionC) encouragementD) fear（B）。
2019年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练及答案(4)
2019年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练及答案(4)段落信息匹配题是四六级改革之后的新题型，很多同学还不是很熟悉，以下是小编为同学们整理的英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习，希望对各位有所协助。
A Grassroots RemedyA) Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don't run the streets. Every one of the minstinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.B) But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived ( 丧失) , I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Stratham Common, south London. These days, children are robbed of these an cientfreedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.C) The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the U.S. families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD -- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( 多动症) .Those whose accommodation had morenatural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.D) A study in Sweden indicated that kindergartenchildren who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A U.S. study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.E) Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.F) Most bullying (持枪凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) play ground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds mean pleasantly of Sunny hill School in Stratham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about incomers fantasizing about wildlife. The children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves： not to their bodies but to their souls.G) One of the great problems of modem childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature giveshuge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.H) The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for thegrowing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a gardenis the single most important thing in finding that quality.I) In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundingsim prove all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. Dr. William Bird, researcher from the Royal Societyfor the Protection of birds, states in his study, "A natural environment can reduce violent behavior because itsrestorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavior." Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.J) We tend to look on nature conservation as some kindof favor that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep： not only do humans neednature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity andthe natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物) . For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with nonhuman life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stoked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that. We need the wild world. It isessential to our well-being, our health, our happiness.Without the wild world we are not more but less civilized. Without other living things around us we are less than human.K) Five Ways to Find Harmony with the Natural World Walk：Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walkthe child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit： Take a moment, every now and then, to be still inan open space. In the garden, anywhere that's not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink： The best way to enjoy the natural world is by oneself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering： talk with the sun and the wind with bird-song for background.Learn： Expand your boundaries. Leam five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more： and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel： The places you always wanted to visit： by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a week-end break, a day-trip, get out these and do it： for the scenery, forthe way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.46. The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.47. The author's profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways.48. It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD.49. Elderly people will enjoy a life of better quality when they contact more with nature.50. Nowadays, people think things that can be bought are best for children, rather than things that can be found.51. Dr. William Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence.52. According to a study in the U. S. Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showed much better improvement.53. Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying.54. We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways, among which there are walking, sitting, drinking, learning and traveling.55. It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated.大自然疗法A)【47】我们中的绝大部分人都套花时间寻求与大自然亲近。
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析在日复一日的学习、工作生活中，我们都可能会接触到试题，试题是参考者回顾所学知识和技能的重要参考资料。
相信很多朋友都需要一份能切实有效地帮助到自己的试题吧？以下是我为大家收集的大学生英语四级考试阅读理解精选试题及答案解析，欢迎大家分享。
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析1The world has become a world of cities. With the present rate of urban growth(3. 8% in the Third World) , the majority of the population of the world will be living in cities by the year 2000. This will transform the rural-urban equation which has marked the history of mankind up to now and will call for new example and a great deal of innovation to face this phenomenon.This being so, one must accept the fact that for some years to come, no policy will be capable of stopping or reversing the present migratory trend from the rural areas to the cities in the Third World. In Africa, the urban population will reach 330 million people by the end of the century as against 150 million in 1995.The number of people living in shanty-towns (贫富窟) will inevitably increase in spite of the efforts to improve housing conditions.Africa alone needs to build 12 million housing units between now and the year 2000 to meet its most basic needs. In an ILO study, M. S. V. Sethuraman estimates that in 70 Third "World cities the proportion of people living in shanty-towns varies from 15% to 70% and that about US $ 116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the century—less than US $ 10 billion per year.The world population is growing at a rate of about 90 million people per year, with the Third World accounting for 80 million of them. The pressure on cities can only go on increasing. The urban population of the developing countries will exceed 2 billion people by the year 2000 and since the main reason for the high demographic (人口统计的) growth is poverty, the additional population will be mostly made of people of very limited means.21. If the urban population of the developing countries exceeds 2 billion people by the year 2000, the main problem the additional people will face is______.A. housingB. foodC. povertyD. limited land22. According to the passage, "about US $116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the century—less than US $ 10 billion per year. " Do you think which year was the article written by saying "less than $ 10 billion per year" by theturn of the century?A. 1985.B. 1990.C. 1988.D. 2000.23. The mankind should face the phenomenon that the world has become a world of cities with______.A. a lot of difficultiesB. efforts to improve housing conditionC. pressure of the basic needsD. new models and a great deal of transformation of ideas and methods24. In Africa, people in cities will be______by the end of the century.A. almost twice as much as in 1985B. doubled than that in 1985C. over twice as much as in 1985D. 300 million25. In spite of the efforts to improve housing condition, the number of people living in shanty-towns will increase because______.A. houses in shanty-towns are cheapB. shanty-towns could provide people with minimum comfortC. no policy will be capable of stopping or changing the present immigrant tendency from the rural areas to the cities in the Third WorldD. the Third Word population is growing at a rate of about 80 million people per year答案：21. C 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. C大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析2There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of environment in determining an individuals intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when theywere giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____. a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______. a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same level b.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his enviroment ck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence d.changes of enviromentproduce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual s I.Q.______. a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析3There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief inyour ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析4Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised. First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally,thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb【大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析】。
2021年6月大学英语四级阅读练习附答案(4)
2021年6月大学英语四级阅读练习附答案(4)天道酬勤，实践出真知，多次练习是攻克英语四级阅读的最终途径。
下面是2021年6月英语四级阅读练习。
【阅读文章】Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savageis good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.A) most history books were written by conquerors, generalsand soldiers.B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that ruled overa large number of other countries are ________.A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilizedB) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph2) is that ________.A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.B) our age is not much better than those of the past.C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled ________.A) War and World PeaceB) Creators of CivilizationC) Civilization and HistoryD) Who Should Be Remembered参考答案：BDABC。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(最后+答案) (4)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world,but estimates suggest the figure is over450million.The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canad A.In the united Kingdom,about one in ten people have somedisability.Disability is not just something tht happens to other people:as we get older,many of us will become less mobile,hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life.Some people are born with disabilities.Many others become disabled as they get older.There are many progressive disabling diseases.The longer time goes on,the worse they become.Some people are disabled in accidents.Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness.All are affected by people's attitude towards them.Disabled people face many physical barriers.Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends,imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps,or on to buses and trains.How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic?But there are other barriers:prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fuly appreciate what the severely disabled go through,so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability,not theirdisability,which counts.1.The first paragraph points out that______.A.there are many disabled people in the worldB.the number of disabled people in India is the greatestC.India has much more disabled people that CanadaD.it is impossible to get an exact figure of the world's disabled people2.The key word in paragraph4is_____.A.disabilityB.ignoranceC.prejudiceD.barriers3.The last word of the"counts"most probably means_____.A.is most importantB.is consideredC.is includedD.is numbered4.Which of the following statements is not true?A.even the able-bodied many lose some of their body functions when they get older.B.there are about10percent disabled persons in the UK.C.the whole society should pay due attention to the barriers faced by the disabled peopleD.there still exists prejudice against the disabled which results mainly from ignorance5.It can be concluded from the that____.A.we should try our best to prevent disablementB.both physical and metal barriers are hard to break downC.we just take a proper attitude towards the disabledD.the able-bodies people will never fully understand the disabled30/200阅读理解（二）Flying over a desert area in an airplane,two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes.After an hour's flight one of the scientists wrote in his book,'Look here for probable metal'Scientists in another airplane,flying over a mountain region,sent a message to other scientists on the ground,'Gold possible.'Walking across hilly ground,four scientists reported,'This ground should be searched for metals.'From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word,'Uranium'.None of the scientists had X-ray eyes:they had no magic powers for looking down below the earth's surface.They were merely putting to use one of the newest methods of location minerals in the ground---using trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on which the trees and plants are growing.This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may affect the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface.At Watson Bar Creek,a brook six thousand feet high in the mountains of British Columbia,Canada,a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds.Boxed were filled with small banches from te trees.Roots were dug and put into boxes.Each bag and box was carefully markeD.In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested.Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it.Study of the roots,branches,and seeds showed no silver.But there were small amounts of gold in the roots and a little less gold in the branches and seeds.The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches.If the trees had not indicated that there was gold in the ground,the scientists would not have spent money to pay for digginginto the deeper.They did dig and found more fold below.They dug deeper.They found large quantities of gold.1.Scientists were flying over a desert or hilly wasteland or a mountain region in order to search for_____in the ground.A.goldB.silverC.metalsD.minerals2.The study of trees,branches and roots indicates that_______.A.there were larger amounts of gold in the branches than in the seeds.B.there were small amounts of gold in the roots than in the branchesC.there were larger amounts of gold in the seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk than seeds growing on the ends of branches.D.there were more gold in the branches than in the roots3.Which is the best title?A.Scientists searching for metals with sepcial powerB.New methods of searching for mineralsC.Gold could be found by trees and plantsD.A new method of searching for minerals---using trees and plants4.Which of the following is not mentioned as part of a tree that can help find minerals?A.leavesB.rootsC.branchesD.seeds5.The scientists were searching for minerals by using______.A.X-rayB.magic powerC.a special instrumentD.trained eyes阅读理解（三）Asked to name their favorite city,many Amerians would select San Francisco began as a small Spanish outpost located on a magnificent bay.The town was little more than a village serving ranchers when the United States tookpossession of it in1846during the war with Mexico.San Francisco sprang into a city overnight because of the nearby discovery of gold in1848.A great rush to California took place.Wagon trains plodded their dangerous way across2000 miles of prairie and mountains,while hundreds of sailing vessels made the equally hazardous trip around the Horn.The vessels disgorged thousands of passengers--then the crews deserted teir ship and hundreds of vessels were left to rot in thebay.Within two years,California had enough population to become a state and San Francisco was for many years the hub of that newly-arrived population. The city’s present popularity is due to an excellent climate,an easy style of living,good food,and numerous tourist attractions.The city is famous for its cable cars which"clang and bang"up the steep hills,and for its excellent seafood stals along the wharf.Most visitors arriving from nations in the Pacific Basin spend several days getting to know the town.1.According to this article,who were the first Californians?A.deserters from sailing shipsB.spanish ranchersC.gold minersD.tourists2.san francisco’s appeal includes all of the following factors____.A.attractive lifestyle,good seafood,desirable weatherB.tourist attactions,extreme seasons,cable carsC.wagon trains,gold mining,good climateD.cable cars,pleasent climate,flat terrain3.san francisco today is a thriving city because of____.A.heavy industryernmental headquartersC.goldminingD.trade and tourism4.In waht year did California become an American state?A.1850B.1852C.1846D.1848二、完型填空完型填空（一）If you were to begin a new job tomorrow,you would bring with you some basic strengths andweaknesses.Success or(1)in your work would depend,to(2)great extent,(3)your ability to use yourstrengths and weaknesses to the best advantage.(4)the utmost importance is your attitude.A person(5)begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is(6)that he is going to ail is exhibiting aweakness which can only hinder his success.On the other hand,a person who is secure(7)his belief thathe is probably as capable(8) doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerfulattempt (9)it possesses a certain strength of purpose.The chances are that he will do well.(10)the prerequisite skills for a particular job is cking those skills is obviously aweakness.A book-keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw(11)hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize(12)the strength and overcome the(13)that youbring to the job of learning.But insgroupsto measure your development, you must first(14)--stock ofswheres you stand now.(15)--we get further along in the book,we’ll be(16)--in some detail withspecific processes for developing and strengthening(17)--skills.However,(18)--begin with, youshould pause(19)--examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical toyour success or failure in school:your(20)--, your reading and communication skills,and your studyhabits.1.A.improvement B.victory C.failure D.achievement2.A.a B.the C.some D.certain3.A.in B.on C.of D.to4.A.Out of B.Of C.To D.Into5.A.who B.what C.that D.which6.A.ensure B.certain C.sure D.surely7.A.onto B.on C.off D.in8.A.to B.at C.of D.for9.A.near B.on C.by D.at10.A.Have B.Had C.Having D.Had been11.A.being B.been C.are D.is12.A.except B.but C.for D.on13.A.idea B.weakness C.strength D.advantage14.A.make B.take C.do D.give15.A.as B.till C.over D.out16.A.deal B.dealt C.be dealt D.dealing17.A.learnt B.learned C.learning D.learn18.A.around B.to C.from D.beside19.A.to B.onto C.into D.with20.A.intelligence B.work C.attitude D.weakness完型填空（二）The rocket engine,with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm,is an impressive symbol of the new space age.Rocket engines have 1powerful enough to shoot astronauts2the earth's gravitational pull and 3them on the moon.We have now become4space.Impressive and complex5it mayappear,the rocket,which was6in China over800years7,is a relatively simple device.Fuel that is8in the rocket engine changes9gas.The hot and rapidly10gas must escape,but it can do so only11an opening that12backwar D.As the gas is13with great force,it14the rocket in the15direction.Like the kick of a gun16it is fired,it17the laws of nature18by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that“19every action,there is20equal and opposite reaction.”1.A.shown B.been C.appeared D.proved2.A.against B.despite C.beyond D.from3.A.send nd C.take D.carry4.A.travelers B.astronauts C.researchers D.explorers5.A.that B.so C.as D.sometimes6.A.made B.discovered C.developed D.invented7.A.in advance B.before C.earlier D.ago8.A.round B.contained C.stored D.burned9.A.as B.into C.for D.the10.A.heating B.escaping C.expanding D.conducting11.A.in B.at C.by D.through12.A.turns B.goes C.faces D.directs13.A.transmitted B.dispersed C.erected D.radiated14.A.attracts B.leads C.pulls D.pushes15.A.same B.other C.opposite D.wrong16.A.that B.when C.if D.although17.A.states B.proves C.follows D.breaks18.A.described B.discussed C.considered D.made19.A.like B.as C.with D.for20.A.no B.an C.another D.theCloze三、翻译1.电影开演半小时了。
2021年英语四级阅读理解试题20篇含答案(4)
2021年英语四级阅读理解试题20篇含答案(4)Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及答案) (4)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）Why the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis,by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and “theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latter —proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories. Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on theother hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact."1. The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is"[A]. Philosophy of mathematics. [B]. The Recent Growth in Science.[C]. The Verification of Facts. [C]. Methods of Scientific Inquiry."2. According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during the days of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is"[A]. the similarity between the two periods.[B]. that it was an act of God.[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method."3. The difference between “fact” and “theory”"[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method."4. According to the author, mathematics is"[A]. an inductive science. [B]. in need of simple verification.[C]. a deductive science. [D]. based on fact and theory."5. The statement “Theories are facts” may be called."[A]. a metaphor. [B]. a paradox.[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.[D]. a pun.阅读理解（二）On the 36th day after they had voted, Americans finally learned Wednesday who would be their next president: Governor George W. Bush of Texas.Vice President Al Gore, his last realistic avenue for legal challenge closed by a U. S. Supreme Court decision late Tuesday, planned to end the contest formally in a televised evening speech of perhaps 10 minutes, advisers said. They said that Senator Joseph Lieberman, his vice presidential running mate, would first make brief comments. The men would speak from a ceremonial chamber of the Old Executive office Building, to the west of the White House.The dozens of political workers and lawyers who had helped lead Mr. Gore’s unprecedented fight to claw a come-from-behind electoral victory in the pivotal state of Florida were thanked Wednesday and asked to stand down. “The vice president has directed the recount committee to suspend activities,”William Daley, the Gore campaign chairman, said in a written statement. Mr. Gore authorized that statement after meeting with his wife, Tipper, and with top advisers including Mr. Daley.He was expected to telephone Mr. Bush during the day. The Bush campaign kept a low profile and moved gingerly, as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next steps.Yet, at the end of a trying and tumultuous process that had focused world attention on sleepless vote counters across Florida, and on courtrooms formMiami to Tallahassee to Atlanta to Washington the Texas governor was set to become the 43d U. S. president.The news of Mr. Gore’s plans followed the longest and most rancorous dispute over a U. S. presidential election in more than a century, one certain to leave scars in a badly divided country.It was a bitter ending for Mr. Gore, who had outpolled Mr. Bush nationwide by some 300000 votes, but, without Florida, fell short in the Electoral College by 271votes to 267—the narrowest Electoral College victory since the turbulent election of 1876.Mr. Gore was said to be distressed by what he and many Democratic activists felt was a partisan decision from the nation’s highest court.The 5-to –4 decision of the Supreme Court held, in essence, that while a vote recount in Florida could be conducted in legal and constitutional fashion, as Mr. Gore had sought, this could not be done by the Dec. 12 deadline for states to select their presidential electors.James Baker 3rd, the former secretary of state who represented Mr. Bush in the Florida dispute, issued a short statement after the U. S. high court ruling, saying that the governor was “very pleased and gratified.”Mr. Bush was planning a nationwide speech aimed at trying to begin to heal the country’s deep, aching and varied divisions. He then was expected to meet with congressional leaders, including Democrats. Dick Cheney, Mr. Bush’s ruing mate, was meeting with congressmen Wednesday in Washington.When Mr. Bush, who is 54, is sworn into office on Jan.20, he will be only the second son of a president to follow his father to the White House, after JohnAdams and John Quincy Adams in the early 19th century.Mr. Gore, in his speech, was expected to thank his supporters, defend his hive-week battle as an effort to ensure, as a matter of principle, that every vote be counted, and call for the nation to join behind the new president. He was described by an aide as “resolved and resigned.”While some constitutional experts had said they believed states could present electors as late as Dec. 18, the U. S. high court made clear that it saw no such leeway.The U.S. high court sent back “for revision” to the Florida court its order allowing recounts but made clear that for all practical purposes the election was over.In its unsigned main opinion, the court declared, “The recount process, in its features here described, is inconsistent with the minimum procedures necessary to protect the fundamental right of each voter.”That decision, by a court fractured along philosophical lines, left one liberal justice charging that the high court’s proceedings bore a political taint.Justice John Paul Stevens wrote in an angry dissent:” Although we may never know with complete certainty the identity of the winner of this year’s presidential election, the identity of the loser is perfectly clear. It is the nation’s confidence in the judge as an impartial guardian of the law.”But at the end of five seemingly endless weeks, during which the physical, legal and constitutional machines of the U. S. election were pressed and sorely tested in ways unseen in more than a century, the system finally produced aresult, and one most Americans appeared to be willing at lease provisionally to support.The Bush team welcomed the news with an outward show of restraint and aplomb. The governor’s hopes had risen and fallen so many times since Election night, and the legal warriors of each side suffered through so many dramatic reversals, that there was little energy left for celebration."1. The main idea of this passage is"[A]. Bush’s victory in presidential election bore a political taint.[B]. The process of the American presidential election.[C]. The Supreme Court plays a very important part in the presidential election.[D]. Gore is distressed."2. What does the sentence “as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next step” mean"[A]. Bush hopes Gore to join his administration.[B]. Bush hopes Gore to concede defeat and to support him.[C]. Bush hopes Gore to congraduate him.[D]. Bush hopes Gore go on fighting with him."3. Why couldn’t Mr. Gore win the presidential election after he outpolled Mr. Bush in the popular vote? Because"[A]. the American president is decided by the supreme court’s decision.[B]. people can’t directly elect their president.[C]. the American president is elected by a slate of presidential electors.[D]. the people of each state support Mr. Bush."4. What was the result of the 5—4 decision of the supreme court?"[A]. It was in fact for the vote recount.[B]. It had nothing to do with the presidential election.[C]. It decided the fate of the winner.[D]. It was in essence against the vote recount."5. What did the “turbulent election of 1876” imply?"[A]. The process of presidential election of 2000 was the same as that.[B]. There were great similarities between the two presidential elections (2000 and 1876).[C]. It was compared to presidential election of 2000.[D]. It was given an example.阅读理解（三）Asked to name their favorite city, many Amerians would select San Francisco began as a small Spanish outpost located on a magnificent bay.The town was little more than a village serving ranchers when the United States took possession of it in 1846 during the war with Mexico. San Francisco sprang into a city overnight because of the nearby discovery of gold in 1848.A great rush to California took place.Wagon trains plodded their dangerous way across 2000 miles of prairie and mountains,while hundreds of sailing vessels made the equally hazardous trip around the Horn.The vessels disgorged thousands of passengers -- then the crews deserted teir ship and hundreds of vessels were left to rot in thebay.Within two years,California had enough population to become a state and San Francisco was for many years the hub of that newly-arrived population.The city’s present popularity is due to an excellent climate, an easy style of living ,good food,and numerous tourist attractions. The city is famous for its cable cars which "clang and bang" up the steep hills,and for its excellent seafood stals along the wharf. Most visitors arriving from nations in the Pacific Basin spend several days getting to know the town.1.According to this article, who were the first Californians?A.deserters from sailing shipsB.spanish ranchersC.gold minersD.tourists2.san francisco’s appeal includes all of the following factors____.A.attractive lifestyle,good seafood,desirable weatherB.tourist attactions,extreme seasons,cable carsC.wagon trains,gold mining,good climateD.cable cars,pleasent climate,flat terrain3.san francisco today is a thriving city because of ____.A.heavy industryernmental headquartersC.goldminingD.trade and tourism4.In waht year did California become an American state?A.1850B.1852C.1846D.1848二、完型填空完型填空（一）If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths andweaknesses. Success or (1) in your work would depend, to (2) great extent, (3) your ability to use yourstrengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. (4) the utmost importance is your attitude. A person (5)begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is (6) that he is going to ail is exhibiting aweakness which can only hinder his success. On the otherhand, a person who is secure (7) his belief thathe is probably as capable (8) doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerfulattempt (9) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.(10) the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously aweakness. A book-keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw (11)hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize (12) the strength and overcome the (13) that youbring to the job of learning. But insgroupsto measure your development, you must first (14) -- stock ofswheres you stand now. (15) -- we get further along in the book, we’ll be (16) -- in some detail withspecific processes for developing and strengthening (17) -- skills. However, (18) -- begin with, youshould pause (19) -- examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical toyour success or failure in school: your (20) --, your reading and communication skills, and your studyhabits.1.A.improvement B.victory C. failure D. achievement2.A.a B.the C. some D. certain3.A.in B.on C. of D. to4.A.Out of B.Of C. To D. Into5.A.who B.what C. that D. which6.A.ensure B.certain C. sure D. surely7.A.onto B.on C. off D. in8.A.to B.at C. of D. for9.A.near B.on C. by D. at10.A.Have B.Had C. Having D. Had been11.A.being B.been C. are D. is12.A.except B.but C. for D. on13.A.idea B.weakness C. strength D. advantage14.A.make B.take C. do D. give15.A.as B.till C. over D. out16.A.deal B.dealt C. be dealt D. dealing17.A.learnt B.learned C. learning D. learn18.A.around B.to C. from D. beside19.A.to B.onto C. into D. with20.A.intelligence B.work C. attitude D. weakness完型填空（二）The rocket engine, with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm, is an impressive symbol of the new space age.Rocket engines have 1 powerful enough to shoot astronauts 2 the earth's gravitational pull and 3 them on the moon.We have now become 4 space.Impressive and complex 5 it may appear, the rocket, which was 6 in China over 800 years 7 , is a relatively simple device.Fuel that is 8 in the rocket engine changes 9 gas.The hot and rapidly 10 gas must escape, but it can do so only 11 an opening that 12 backwar D.As the gas is 13 with great force, it 14 the rocket in the 15 direction.Like the kick of a gun 16 it is fired, it 17 the laws of nature 18 by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that“ 19 every action, there is 20 equal and opposite reaction.”1.A.shown B.been C.appeared D.proved2.A.against B.despite C.beyond D.from3.A.send nd C.take D.carry4.A.travelers B.astronauts C.researchers D.explorers5.A.that B.so C.as D.sometimes6.A.made B.discovered C.developed D.invented7.A.in advance B.before C.earlier D.ago8.A.round B.contained C.stored D.burned9.A.as B.into C.for D.the10.A.heating B.escaping C.expanding D.conducting11.A.in B.at C.by D.through12.A.turns B.goes C.faces D.directs13.A.transmitted B.dispersed C.erected D.radiated14.A.attracts B.leads C.pulls D.pushes15.A.same B.other C.opposite D.wrong16.A.that B.when C.if D.although17.A.states B.proves C.follows D.breaks18.A.described B.discussed C.considered D.made19.A.like B.as C.with D.for20.A.no B.an C.another D.theCloze三、翻译1. 电影开演半小时了。
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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四）十六Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the freemovement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly.1.Pruning should be done to ______.a.make the tree grow tallerb.improve the shape of the treec.get rid of the small branchesd.make the small branches thicker2.Trees become unhealthy if the gardener ______.a.allows too many branches to grow in the middleb.does not protect them from windc.forces them to grow too quicklyd.damages some of the small side branches3.Why is a special substance painted on the tree?a.T o make a wound smoothb.T o prevent disease entering a woundc.To cover a rough surfaced.T o help a wound to dry4.A good gardener prunes a tree______.a.at intervals throughout the yearb.as quickly as possiblec.occasionally when necessaryd.regular every winter5.What was the author's purpose when writing thispassage?a.T o give pratical instruction for pruning a tree.b.T o give a general description of pruningc.To explain how trees develop diseasesd.T o discuss different methods of pruning.答案：babca十七On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Carke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with her money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s Club. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone.At six o'clock she cane home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign of forced entry.Over a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fitted her front door-"a master key"perhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements? On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time,dressed as usual, but she didn't go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait.It was just after four o'clock when the front door bell rang.Mrs. Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised thekettle and poured the water over the hand. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.1.Mrs. Clarke looded forward to Thursday because_______.a.she worked at a club on the dayb.she said visitors on Thursdaysc.she visited a club on Thursdayd.a special visitor came on Thursday2.If someone had made a forced entery,_______.a.Mrs.Clarke would have found a broken door or windowb.he or she was still in the housec.things would have been thown aboutd.he or she would have needed a master key3.On the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_______.a.because she didn't want to miss the club againb.to see if the thief was hnging about outsidec.to the club but then changed her mindd.in an attempt to trick the thief4.The lock on the front door was one which_______.a.needed a piece of wire to open itb.could he opened from inside without a keyc.could't be opened without a keyed a knob instead of a key5.The wire feel to the floor_______.a.because Mrs.Clarke refused to open the doorb.when the man's glove dropped offc.because it was too hot to holdd.because the man justwanted to get away答案：cadbd十八Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" .The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country.Rather, a man's eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness.Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape,Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight , dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus . The men following can then see something.Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see,stop scouring the snow-blanketed lanscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time,the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome.1.To prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are_____.a.indispensibleefulc.ineffectived.available2.When the eyes are sore tears are produced to ________.a.clear the visionb.remedy snowblindnessc.ease the irritationd.loosen the muscles3.Snowblindness may be avoided by_______.a.concentrating to the solid white terrainb.searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrainc.providing the eyes with something to foucs ond.covering the eyeballs with fluid4.The scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _______.a.bive the men behind something to seeb.beautify the landscapec.warm themselves in the coldd.prevent the men behind from losing their way5.A suitable title for this passage would be _______.a.snowblindness and how to overcome itb.natrue's cure for snowblindnessc.soldiers in the snowd.snow vision答案：CCCAA十九Water problems in the future will become nore intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes,primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantialy the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involveever-increasingquantities of agricultural chemicals, From this , it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes "prior to " disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or efflunets,to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement . Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Efflunets from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential eonomic uses for waste products.1.The purpose of this passage is ______.a.to alert the reader to the dwindling water supplyb.to explain industrial uses of waterc.to acquaint the reader with water pollution problemsd.to demostrate various measures to solve the pollution problem2.Which of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage?a.In dustrial development incudes the simplification of complex chemical processes.b.Diluting wastes needs certain amount of waterc.Demands for water will go up along with the expanding populationd.Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals3.The reader can conclued that________.a.countries of the world will work together on polution problemsb.byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplacec.science is making great progress on increasing water suppliesd.some industries are now ,aking economic use of wastes4.The author gives substance to the passage through the use of _______.a.interviews with authorities in the field of water controlsb.opinions and personal observationsc.definitions which clarify important termsd.strong arguments and persuasions5.The words "prior to "(para.2) probably mean______.a.afterb.duringc.befored.beyond答案:cadbc二十One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one's mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like "I was wrong about that," and it is even harder to say, "I was wrong , and you were right about that."I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighbourhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons. Then he related an incident and Ibegan to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gome into the store with may mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident tood place.There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs indozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I want to work.The manager heard the moise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit. He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not.1.How old was the author when he wrote this article?a.about 8b.about 18c.about 23d.about 152.Who was to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartons?a.The authorb.The managerc.A womand.The author's mother3.Which of the following statements is not true?a.The woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons was seriously criticized by the manangerb.The author was severely critizized by the manager.c.A woman carelessly knocked off the stacks of cartonsd.It was the author who put the display back together4.Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?a.Its Harder to Admit One's Mistakeb.I was once the culpritc.I remember an incidentd.A case of mistaken identity5.The tone of the article expresses the author's_______.a.admiration for the manager's willingness to admit mistakesb.anger to the manager for his wrong accusationc.indignation against the woman who knocked off the stacks of cartonsd.reget for the mistake the made in the store答案：ccada。