(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案
医学专业 英语翻译
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医学专业英语翻译医学专业英语翻译如下:silver clip 银夹子silvering 镀银silverized catgut 银肠线silver nitrate 硝酸银silver probe 银探子silver stick 硝酸银棒silver transfusion canula 银质输血导管silver wire suture 银丝缝线simple 简单的,单纯的simple articulator 简易咬合器simple cut 单切simple microscope 单式显微镜simple oxygen system 简易供氧装置simple resuscitator 简易复苏器simplified microtome 简易切片机simplify 简化simply respirator 简易呼吸器simply rib approximator 简易肋骨合拢器Sims's speculum 席姆斯氏窥镜(鸭嘴形阴道窥镜)simulation 模拟,仿真simulator 模拟器,模拟设备,仿真器simultaneous 同时的,同时发生的simultaneous multisection radiographic adapter 多层快速摄影接合器simultaneous X-ray quantometer 同步X 射线光量计singing 蜂鸣,振鸣single beam speotrophotometer 单光束分光光度计single channel blown balloon 单道鼓气球single crystal camera 单晶照像机single cut 单切single-ended amputating knife 单刃截肢刀single hyperbaric oxygen chamber 单人高压氧舱single lens reflex camera 单镜头反光照像机single mlcroscope 单目显微镜single mode 单模single needle monitor 单针监视器(血液透析用)。
(完整版)医学专业英语
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cardiovascular diseases;脑垂体的功能the function of pituitary;泌尿道urinary tract;分子molecule;动脉artery;内分泌学endocrinology;呼吸困难dyspnea;唾液saliva;组织学histology;血液循环blood circulation;血液学hematology;生理学physiology;解剖学anatomy;女性生殖系统femal reproductive system;神经细胞nerve cell;免疫学immunology;消化不良dyspepsia;随意肌voluntary muscle;胚胎学embryology;心理学psychology;细胞学cytology;原生质protoplasm;细胞膜cell membrane;细胞核nucleus;细胞质(浆)cytoplasm;脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid;能半渗透的semipermeable;分子生物学molecular biology;碳水化合物carbohydrate;有区别性的differentially;使…完整intact;根据according to;遗传特性hereditary trait;渗滤diffusion;转换transaction;蓝图blueprint;染色体chromosome;色素pigment;排出废液excrete waste fluid;散开disperse;脉冲信号impulse;核糖核酸ribonucleic acid;损害正常功能impair the normal function;污染环境pollute environment;功能失调malfunction;致病因子causative agents;易受侵害的人群vulnerable groups;局部化的感染localized infection;花柳病venereal disease;抗原与抗体antigen&antibody;肌电图electromyogram;多发性硬化multiple sclerosis;心电图electrocardiograph;疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease;光纤技术fiber optic technology;造血系统hematopoietic system;致命的疾病fatal disease;体液body fluid;无副作用的治疗hazard-free treatment;无侵犯的实验检查non-invasive laboratory test; 核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance;葡萄糖耐糖实验the glucose-tolerance test;乐观的预后optimistic prognosis;超声波检测法ultrasonography;病史medical history;随访活动follow-up visit;营养不良nutritional deficiency;使细节显著highlight detail;脑电图electroencephalogram;缺血的组织blood-starved tissue;肌纤维muscle fiber;随意肌voluntary muscle;消化道alimentary canal;肌腹fleshy belly of muscle;横纹肌striated muscle;肌肉痉挛cramps of muscle;肌肉收缩muscle contraction;肌肉附着点attachment of the muscle;肌肉放松relaxation of muscle;动脉出血arterial hemorrhage;止端insertion;起端origion;供血blood supply; 屈肌flexor;蛋白分子protein molecule;纤维结缔组织fibrous connective tissue;伸肌extensor;意志力willpower;横切面transverse section;起搏器pacemaker;肌萎缩muscle atrophy;重症肌无力myasthenia gravis;弥散性局部缺血diffuse ischemia;常染色体隐性autosomal recessive;全身性感染systemic infection;受累的肌肉muscle involved;显著相关性significant correlation;神经末梢nerve terminal;自体免疫反应autoimmune reaction;神经支配innervation;肌营养不良muscular dystrophy;慢性营养不良chronic mulnutrition;先天性肌病congenital myopathy;预期寿命life expectancy;免疫紊乱immunologic derangemant;发病高峰年龄the peak age of onset;胸腺肿瘤thymoma;呼吸肌受累the involvement of respiratory muscle; 感染性肌炎inflammatory myositic;去神经支配denervation;矿物质吸收mineral absorption;机械应力mechanical stress;骨基质有机部分the organic parts of bone matrix; 青春期早熟premature puberty;蛋白溶解酶protein-digesting enzyme;破骨细胞osteoclast;松质骨spongy bone;骨折fracture;不规则骨irregular bone;骨骼系统skeletal system;维生素吸收vitamin absorption;骨钙丧失the loss of calcium from bone;生长激素growth hormone;骺软骨epiphyseal cartilage;镁缺乏magnesium deficiency;成骨细胞osteoblast;密质骨compact bone;骨髓腔marrow cavity;红骨髓red marrow;软骨内骨化endochondral ossification;矫形学orthopedics;闭合性骨折closed fracture;骨代谢疾病metabolic bone disease;雌激素替代疗法estrogen replacement therapy; 肾上腺皮质adrenal cortex;佝偻病rickets;骨肉瘤osteosarcoma;软骨肉瘤chondrosarcoma;止痛relieve pain;类风湿关节炎rheumatoid arthritis;骨髓炎osteomyelitis;开放性骨折open fracture;骨质疏松症osteoporosis;营养缺乏nutritional deficiency;骨软化症osteomalocia;听力丧失hearing lose;恶性肿瘤malignant tumor;关节炎arthritis;抗炎剂anti-inflammatory drugs;痛风gout;牙周组织periodontium;唾液腺salivary glands;口腔oral cavity;升结肠ascending colon;贲门括约肌cardiac sphincter;乳化作用emulsification;消化道alimentary tract;脾弯曲splenic flexure;锥形的突起cone-shaped papillae;似袋状的器官pouch-like organ;会厌epiglottis;十二指肠duodenum;乙状结肠sigmoid colon;幽门括约肌pyloric sphincter;舌下腺sublingual gland;蠕动peristalsis;下颌下腺submandibular gland;解毒作用detoxification;回盲瓣ileocecal valve;胰岛素insulin;穿孔perforation;溃疡性结肠炎ulcerative colitis;纤维变性fibrosis;阑尾炎appendicitis;胃十二指肠吻合术gastroduodenostomy;直肠镜proctoscope;裂孔疝hiatal hernia;造影剂contrast medium;代偿失调decompensation;胆石病choletithiasis;内窥镜检查endoscopy;胆囊切除术cholecystectomy;憩室炎diverticulitis;麻痹性肠梗阻paralytic ileus; 胆绞痛biliary colic;一个系列的 a spectrum of;副鼻窦paranasal sinus;口咽oropharynx;脊椎动物verterbrate animal;肺泡alveolus;二氧化碳carbon dioxide;肺换气不足hypoventilation;横膈膜神经phrenic nerve;双重折叠的double folded;威慑物deterrent;润滑液lubricating fluid;滞痰stagnant sputum;食管esophagus;纵隔mediastinum;哺乳动物mammal;碱中毒alkalosis;迷宫labyrinth;污染物质pollutant;脑干brainstem;上皮,上皮细胞epithelium;刺激物irritant;利尿剂duretics;大叶性肺炎lobar pneumonia;疾病的鉴别differentiation of disease;破坏性的损坏destructive damage;痰性咳嗽productive cough;共存coexist;医学文献medical literatures;咯血nemoptysis;渗出物,渗出液exudate;痰液phlegm;气促,气短breathless;无症状的asymptomatic;吸烟者晨咳morning cigarette cough;肺弹性回缩elastic recoil;反复发作recurrent episodes;有毒刺激物质nonxious agents;连续三年successive 3 years;交叉重复crossover;互相排除的mutually exclusive;小气道闭塞obliteration of small airway;主动脉弓aortic arch;胸主动脉thoracic aorta;舒张压diastolic pressure;腹主动脉abdominal aorta;收缩压systolic pressure;脊柱vertebral colum;毫米汞柱mmHg;半月形的semilunar;最里层的innermost;升主动脉ascending aorta;二尖瓣bicuspid valve;体循环systemic circuit;上腔静脉superior vena cava下腔静脉inferior vena cava;心肌myocardium;心内膜endocadium;细分;分支subdivision;心外膜epicardium;小动脉arteriole;心包pericardium;全血细胞减少pancytopenia;网织红细胞reticulocyte;自身免疫的autoimmune;危及生命的life-threatening;凝结cougulation;血小板减少thrombocytopenia;免疫缺陷immunodeficiency;功能紊乱dysfunction;活疫苗live vaccine;移植物对宿主的反应graft-versus-host reaction;血友病hemophilia;素质diathesis;巨成红细胞megaloblast;自发病,特发病idiopathic;弥散性血管内凝血disseminated intravascular coagulation;instrinsic;appendic/o>appendix阑尾炎2bil/i/rubin bil/i>bile胆红素3chondr/o/sarc/oma chrondr/o >cartilage ; sarc/o >flesh 软骨肉瘤4chol/sterol chol/e > bile, gall胆固醇5bucc/al bucc/o > bucca口腔的;颊的6crani/al crani/o > skull颅的,颅侧的7colon/o/scope colon/o > colon结肠镜8sigmoid/o/scope sigmoid/o > sigmoid colon乙状结肠镜9inter/cost/al cost/o > rib肋间的10dent/in dent/o > teeth牙质11epi/gastr/ic gastr/o > stomach胃上部的,腹上部的12enter/itis enter/o > small intestine肠炎13arthr/itis arthr/i > joint关节炎14bronch/o/genic bronch/o > bronchus支气管原的15cec/um cec/o > cecum盲肠16sub/lingu/al lingu/o > tongue舌下的17gingiv/itis gingiv/o > gum牙龈炎18nas/o/gastr/ic gas/o > nose gastr/o > stomach鼻饲的19hypo/pharyng/eal pharyng/o > pharynx下咽的20diverticul/osis diverticul/o > diverticulum憩室病21ile/o/stomy ile/o > ileum回肠造口术22chol/e/cyst/ectomy chol/e > bile; cyst/o > sac胆囊切除术23abdomin/al abdomin/o > abdomen腹部的24pneumon/ia pneumon/o > lung肺炎25thorac/ic thorac/o > pleural cavity ,chestcavity 胸腔的26duoden/um deoden/o > duodenum十二指肠27laryng/o/pharynx larygn/o > larynx pharyng/o >pharynx 咽喉28vertebr/ate vertebr/o > back bone脊椎动物29oste/o/myel/itis oste/o > bone;myel/o > bonemarrow 骨髓炎30pancreat/ic pancreat/o>pancreas胰腺炎31angi/o/plasty angio>vessels血管成形术32extra/o/cular extra>outside细胞外的33tendon/ous ten>tendon肌腱的34mamm/o/graphy mamm>breast乳房X线检查术35electr/o/my/o/gram electr>electricity,my>muscle肌电图36erythr/o/cyte eryth>red红细胞37hem/o/globin globin>protein血红蛋白38prot/o/plasm prot>first原生质39urin/ary ary>pertaining to泌尿道的40neur/o/pathy neur>nerve神经疾病41lymph/atic lymph>lymph淋巴的42my/o/fiber my>muscle肌纤维43pelv/ic pelv>pelvic bone盆骨44hepat/itis itis>inflammation肝炎45fibr/ous fibr>fiber纤维的46embry/o/logy embry>embryo胚胎学47leuk/emia emia>blood condition白血病48electr/o/cardi/o/graph graph>instrument ofrecording 心电图仪49dermat/o/my/o/sitis dermat>skin皮肤炎50thym/ectomy ectomy>surgical exasion orremoval of 胸腺切除术51cyt/o/plasm cyt>cell细胞浆52isch/emia isch> to hold back局部缺血53steth/o/scope stech> the chest 听诊器54pulmon/ary pulmon>lung 肺的55sarc/o/plasm plasm>formation growth or substance of formation 肌浆56chrom/o/some some>body 染色体57vascul/ar vascul>blood vessel5岁小男孩。
医学专业英语翻译和答案解析
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Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
医学专业英语翻译及答案(供参考)
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Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
(完整版)医学专业英语1-4单元术语解释、短语和课后习题答案
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Chapter 1Human Body as a WholeMedical TerminologyLearn the following combining forms, prefixes and suffixesand write the meaning of the medical term in the space provided.1. a hormone secreted from the adrenal gland2. inflammation of the adrenal gland3. pertaining to medicine4. pertaining to biology5. pertaining to chemistry6. pertaining to the blood vessel7. pertaining to cells8. pertaining to molecules9. pertaining to the medicine of the living thing10. the study of the living thing11. pertaining to the physics of the living thing12. the study of the heart13. the disease of the heart14. the record of the heart waves15. the study of the human inner secretion from glands16. pertaining to the production of hormone17. the study of inner gland secretion18. the red blood cell19. the white blood cell20. the lymph cell21. the study of cell22. the study of chemistry of cell23. the study of biology of cell25. the tumor of the embryo26. the study of the disease of the embryo27. the study of the human inner secretion from glands28. pertaining to the inside of the heart29. pertaining to the inside of the cell30. above the skin31. above the skin32. inflammation of the skin33. red blood cells34. instrument of measuring red blood cells35. to breathe out the waste gas36. to drive somebody or something out37. to spread outside38. sth that produces diseases39. the study of blood40. blood cells41. the study of tissues42. the study of tissue pathology43. therapy treatment, hence tissue treatment44. pertaining to the base45. pertaining to the toxin46. pertaining to symptoms47. the study of body’s auto protection from diseases48. protected from49. deficiency in the immune system of the body50. substance from the adrenal gland51. water from it52. the study of societies53. the study of urinary system55. lymph cells56. tumor of the lymphatic system57. the study of the lymphatic system58. the study of physical growth59. a doctor of internal medicine60. treatment by physiological methods61. the new growth ,tumor62. the study of mind63. abnormal condition of the mind64. the study of the relationship between psychology and biology65. a condition of over activity of the thyroid gland66. the condition of under activity of the thyroid gland67. the inflammation of the thyroid gland68.cutting apart the human body as a branch of medical sciences69. cut open the bone70.to cut the heart open71. pertaining to the blood vessel72. inflammation of the blood vessel73. pertaining to the lymphatic system and the blood vesselKey to the Exercises B.1.(embryo)embryology2.(process/condition) mechanism3.(heart) cardiovascular4.(color) chromatin5.(secretion) endocrinology6.(cell) cytology7.(sth. that produces or is produced) pathogen8.(lymph) lymphatic9.(the study of) psychology10.(pertaining to) regularLanguage Points:put together组成known as 叫做joints between bones关节to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body牵动骨骼肌引起各种运动hip joint髋关节flexible有韧性的cushioning缓冲replaced by bone 骨化one bone moves in relation to the other两骨彼此靠近产生运动contents物质nourishment营养物质function发挥功能waste products废物accumulate积聚poison the body危害生命distributes运送needed materials有用的物质unneeded ones废物is made up of包括protect…against foreign invaders防止外来侵袭(See! Power Point)identical对等的receives吸收traveled through流经forced out压送reenter流入directly直接地channels 管道filters过滤larynx喉管trachea气管two lungs左右肺very large number of 大量的air spaces肺泡release释放出extending 延伸到broken down分解absorbed into吸收进chewing咀嚼esophagus食管Key to the Section B Passage 1 Exercises B.1. (The skeletal system consists of bones, joints and soft bones.)2. (Heart is generated when muscles are contracted, which helps keep the bodytemperature constant.)3. (The circulation of blood carries useful materials to all body cells while removing wasteones.)4. (Oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled in the process of respiration.)5. (The digestion of food involves both mechanical and chemical procedures.)6. (The urinary system keeps normal levels of water and of certain chemicals in the body.)7. (The pituitary is a major gland located under the brain in the middle of the head.)8. (The brain collects and processes information and then sends instructions to all parts ofthe body to be carried out.)9. (The main function of the male reproductive system is to generate, transport and keepactive male sex cells.)10. (The largest of the body’s organs, the skin protects the inner structure of the body with acomplete layer.)Key to the Section A Passage 1 Exercises E.1.cardiovascular diseases2. function of the pituitary3. the urinary tract4. molecules5. artery6. endocrinology7. dyspnea / difficulty in respiration 8. saliva9. histology 10. blood circulation11. hematology 12. physiology13. anatomy 14. the female reproductive15. nervous cells 16. immunology17. indigestion / poor in digestion 18. voluntary muscle19. embryology 20. psychologySection B, Passage 2 Cells and TissuesLanguage PointsOrganized组(构)成arranged in to构成in turn are grouped into又进一步组成serves its specific有特定的bear in mind记住result from源于billions亿万determind确立fit on合在一起by contrast相比之下machinary机构while normally在正常情况下function with great efficiency高效地发挥作用are subject to易于发生result in导致millionth百万分之一equal等于average一般 a speck barely visible基本上看不见的一个小点The science that deals with cells on the smalleststructural and functional level is called molecular biology.从最小的结构及功能水平研究细胞的科学叫分子生物学。
医学专业英语翻译4单元1
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Types of bones. Almost all of the bones of the body may be classified into four principal types on the basis of shape: long, short, flat and irregular. Long bones have greater length than width and consist of a diaphysis and a variable number of epiphyses. For example, metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges have only one epiphysis. The femur actually has four. Other long bones have two.类型的骨头。几乎所有的身体的骨头可分为四个主要类型的基础上,形状:长的、短的、公寓、不规则的。长骨有更大的漫长而不是宽度和包括骨干和一个可变数目的epiphyses。例如,metacarpals、蹠骨,和趾骨只有一个epiphysis。股骨却有四个。其他长骨生两个
◆ Blood cell production: red marrow in certain bones is capable of producing blood cells, a process called hematopoiesis or hemopoiesis. Red marrow consists of blood cells in immature stages, fat cells, and macrophages. Red marrow produces red blood cells, some white blood cells and platelets.◆血细胞生产:红色的骨髓在某些骨头能产下血细胞,这个过程称为造血或hemopoiesis。红色的骨髓由血细胞在不成熟的阶段,脂肪细胞和巨噬细胞。红色的骨髓产生红血球,有些白血球和血小板。
医学英语作业翻译
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Language focus: 1、Prescriber 处方2、be exhorted to 被….劝说3、emerge 形成句子:Despite (or because of) being wined and dined in style, the voices of dissent are coming from the medical profession.句子翻译:尽管(或者是因为)MBM时下受到热情款待,医学专业人员却发出了异议。
词组分析:Be wined and dined 意思不是饮酒和饮食,是款待的意思。
句子分析:句中并没有MBM,但是这里根据上下文的内容,隐含了MBM 在时下受到热情款待。
Sickness is part of the human condition. Doctors and pharmaceutical companies are necessary. Medications are necessary. And medications generally work, but MBM spins them to work better than they d o, to seem to work for other conditions that they don’t really work for, and to appear more side-effect free than they really are, and to almost always seem better than the old off-patent drugs.疾病是人类生存发展过程中比克避免的一部分,医生和制药公司举足轻重,药物确实也发挥了不可或缺的作用。
但是市场医疗鼓吹了他们的能力,认为他们能解决他们解决不了问题,并吹嘘副作用更少且比传统的非处方药更好。
我的看法:Prevention is better than cure: out of a country's health budget, a large proportionshould be diverted from treatment to spending on health education and preventative measures. The rising cost of health care has become a problem in many countries in the world.In order to solve this problem, this is a big part of the nationalhealth budgetproposals for health education and disease prevention rather than cure. First of all, many diseases can be prevented, preventing a disease that is usuallymuch cheaper than treating. For example, people can prevent catching a cold, if they dress warmly and get good rest, when the weather is cold in winter. However, many people get sick because they do not, and spend more money, a doct123 is another caseof cancer seen in point, is the world's leading causes of death. But lung cancer,liver cancer and many other types of cancer can be effectively prevented, if the measures taken in the early stage, for their health. Smoke less or eat healthier food,such assmall things will keep thousands of households, become bankrupt, if patients take early cancer preventive measures.In addition, health education also plays a key role in improving people'shealth. Formore information about health, countries could help people understand the prevention of disease and the method to realize the importance of it.However, emphasis on disease prevention and medical significance can not be underestimated. After all, the prevention and treatment of only two different means ofmoving with the E12In short, we can save more money in health care and treatment of patients, ifwe usethe national health prevention and education, more money.That sounds like a big stride back towards EBM.”这听起来像是对循证医学的大步倒退。
医学英语专业翻译
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医学英语专业翻译
医学英语专业翻译如下:subjective photometer 直观光度计subjective refraction system 自动验光系统subjectoscope 视觉检查器subject range 适应范围sublimating apparatus 升华器sublimation 升华(作用)sublimator 升华器subliminal 阈下的,限下的sublingual 舌下的sublingual tablet 舌下片submicroscopic 亚显微的,亚微观的subminiaturization 超小型化subnormal 低常的,正常以下的subordinate ①部属的,次的②辅助的subprogram 子程序subscriber ①订户,用户②签名人subscript 记号,标记,脚注subsequence ①顺序,序列②后,次subsequent 以后的,次的subsidiary 辅助的,副的subsonic vibration 次声振动substage 镜台下部(显微镜)substage lamp 镜台下灯(显微镜)substance ①物质,材料②内容substandard 副标准,标准下的substitution 代替,取代,置换substrate ①基片,补底②底物subsystem 辅助系统subterminal 终端下的subthalmogram 丘脑底部图subthreshold stimulus 阈下刺激物subthreshold summation 阈下总和subtraction 减去法(放射诊断学)subtraction unit (X 射线)减法装置subtractive 减去的,负的subtractor 减法器,减数subzero 零下,负的。
医学专业英语翻译与答案
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Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
(完整版)医学专业英语翻译与答案
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Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; thestudy of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
医学英语课后翻译答案完整版
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Translation:Unit one1 医院,在现代意义上,就是由专业人员和专业的设备为病人提供医疗服务的机构,通常但也不总是提供长期的住院治疗。
它的历史意义,直至最近,是给退伍战士提供服务的地方。
2 在现代社会,从广义上说,医院或者由它所处的国家的政府提供资助,或者在私营部门通过竞争在经济上生存下来。
目前,为医院提供赞助的通常有公共部门,医疗机构,赢利或者非赢利的,医疗保险公司或者教会,包括直接由教会提供捐赠。
在历史上,医院通常由宗教机构或者教会的成员或领导来建立和资助。
与此不同的是,现代医院主要由专业的内科医生、外科医生和护士组成,在过去这些工作主要由成立医院的宗教机构或者志愿者来完成。
3 一些病人去医院只是去接受诊断和治疗,然后离开,不在医院过夜(门诊病人);也有一些病人被收入院,在医院过夜,甚至长达几个星期或几个月(住院病人)。
医院的等级划分通常由它们所提供的医疗设施的类型和为住院病人提供的医疗服务,以及其他的在门诊所提供的医疗服务水平所决定。
(医院与其他医疗机构的区别在于它具有将病人收住院并为住院病人提供医疗服务的能力,而其他一类通常称为诊所。
)Unit two1它们平均是每两位医生为一千位病人提供预防性和初级医疗服务。
下一级别的为城镇医疗中心,这些中心通常主要为一万到三万位病人提供门诊医疗服务。
每一个中心有十到三十个床位,中心的专业医生为医士(助理医师)。
这两个较低级别的医疗机构构成了乡村合作医疗系统,为大多数的乡村病人提供医疗服务。
2强调公共卫生和预防性治疗为主的医疗政策始于50年代早期,在那个时候,共产党开始有大批的人口流动,(动员群众)参与大规模的“爱国卫生运动”,目的在于改进较差的环境卫生,预防某些疾病。
3这一转变对农村医疗卫生产生了一系列重要影响,合作医疗缺乏资金来源,致使赤脚医生数量减少,这就意味着健康教育、初级保健和家庭保健都受挫,在一些村庄,卫生状况和饮用水(水源检测?这个大家自己看哈)很少得到监控。
医学专业英语翻译名词汉译英
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随意肌 voluntary muscle;
胚胎学 embryology;
心理学 psychology;
细胞学 cytology;
原生质 protoplasm;
细胞膜 cell membrane;
细胞核 nucleus;
细胞质(浆)cytoplasm;
脱氧核糖核酸 deoxyribonucleic acid;
GI gastrointestinal 胃肠道
GH growth hormone 生长激素
PTH parathormone 甲状旁腺激素
CT ealcitonin 降钙素
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes
Ig immunoglobulin
ERT estrogen replacement therapy 雌激素替代疗法
肌肉收缩 muscle contraction;
肌肉附着点 attachment of the muscle;
肌肉放松 relaxation of muscle;
动脉出血arterial hemorrhage;
止端 insertion;起端 origion;供血 blood supply;
肌电图 electromyogram;
多发性硬化 multiple sclerosis;
心电图 electrocardiograph;
疾病的后遗症 sequelea of disease;
光纤技术 fiber optic technology;
造血系统 hematopoietic system;
组织学 histology;
医学专业英语文章翻译
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医学专业英语⽂章翻译 健康,已成为当今全球性的四⼤问题之⼀(其它三个是:能源、⼈⼝和环境⽣态)。
下⾯是店铺带来的医学专业英语⽂章翻译,欢迎阅读! 医学专业英语⽂章翻译1 低头党注意啦:常常玩⼿机的⼋⼤风险! 1. Cyber Sickness 晕屏症 Also called "digital motion sickness," symptoms that range from headaches to woozy feelings can occur when you quickly scroll on your smart phone or watch action-packed video on your screen. 这种病也被称为“数字晕车”,症状包括头痛、甚⾄出现头昏眼花的感觉,这种病可能会发⽣在你快速刷屏或者看让⼈觉得很刺激的视频的时候。
The sensation results from a mismatch between sensory inputs, Steven Rauch, medical director of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Balance and Vestibular Center and a professor of otolaryngology at Harvard Medical School, told the New York Times. 这种感觉是由感官输⼊的不匹配引起的,马萨诸塞州眼科顾问、来⾃哈佛⼤学医学院⽿⿐喉科的教授史蒂芬·劳奇对《纽约时报》说道。
“Your sense of balance is different than other senses in that it has lots of inputs,” he said. “When those inputs don’t agree, that’s when you feel dizziness and nausea.” In other words, you experience a "sensory conflict" when you see an active motion but don't physically feel it. “与其他感官不同,当有⼤量信息输⼊时,⼈的平衡感会发⽣改变。
(完整版)医学专业英语1-4单元术语解释、短语和课后习题答案
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Chapter 1Human Body as a WholeMedical TerminologyLearn the following combining forms, prefixes and suffixesand write the meaning of the medical term in the space provided.1. a hormone secreted from the adrenal gland2. inflammation of the adrenal gland3. pertaining to medicine4. pertaining to biology5. pertaining to chemistry6. pertaining to the blood vessel7. pertaining to cells8. pertaining to molecules9. pertaining to the medicine of the living thing10. the study of the living thing11. pertaining to the physics of the living thing12. the study of the heart13. the disease of the heart14. the record of the heart waves15. the study of the human inner secretion from glands16. pertaining to the production of hormone17. the study of inner gland secretion18. the red blood cell19. the white blood cell20. the lymph cell21. the study of cell22. the study of chemistry of cell23. the study of biology of cell25. the tumor of the embryo26. the study of the disease of the embryo27. the study of the human inner secretion from glands28. pertaining to the inside of the heart29. pertaining to the inside of the cell30. above the skin31. above the skin32. inflammation of the skin33. red blood cells34. instrument of measuring red blood cells35. to breathe out the waste gas36. to drive somebody or something out37. to spread outside38. sth that produces diseases39. the study of blood40. blood cells41. the study of tissues42. the study of tissue pathology43. therapy treatment, hence tissue treatment44. pertaining to the base45. pertaining to the toxin46. pertaining to symptoms47. the study of body’s auto protection from diseases48. protected from49. deficiency in the immune system of the body50. substance from the adrenal gland51. water from it52. the study of societies53. the study of urinary system55. lymph cells56. tumor of the lymphatic system57. the study of the lymphatic system58. the study of physical growth59. a doctor of internal medicine60. treatment by physiological methods61. the new growth ,tumor62. the study of mind63. abnormal condition of the mind64. the study of the relationship between psychology and biology65. a condition of over activity of the thyroid gland66. the condition of under activity of the thyroid gland67. the inflammation of the thyroid gland68.cutting apart the human body as a branch of medical sciences69. cut open the bone70.to cut the heart open71. pertaining to the blood vessel72. inflammation of the blood vessel73. pertaining to the lymphatic system and the blood vesselKey to the Exercises B.1.(embryo)embryology2.(process/condition) mechanism3.(heart) cardiovascular4.(color) chromatin5.(secretion) endocrinology6.(cell) cytology7.(sth. that produces or is produced) pathogen8.(lymph) lymphatic9.(the study of) psychology10.(pertaining to) regularLanguage Points:put together组成known as 叫做joints between bones关节to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body牵动骨骼肌引起各种运动hip joint髋关节flexible有韧性的cushioning缓冲replaced by bone 骨化one bone moves in relation to the other两骨彼此靠近产生运动contents物质nourishment营养物质function发挥功能waste products废物accumulate积聚poison the body危害生命distributes运送needed materials有用的物质unneeded ones废物is made up of包括protect…against foreign invaders防止外来侵袭(See! Power Point)identical对等的receives吸收traveled through流经forced out压送reenter流入directly直接地channels 管道filters过滤larynx喉管trachea气管two lungs左右肺very large number of 大量的air spaces肺泡release释放出extending 延伸到broken down分解absorbed into吸收进chewing咀嚼esophagus食管Key to the Section B Passage 1 Exercises B.1. (The skeletal system consists of bones, joints and soft bones.)2. (Heart is generated when muscles are contracted, which helps keep the bodytemperature constant.)3. (The circulation of blood carries useful materials to all body cells while removing wasteones.)4. (Oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled in the process of respiration.)5. (The digestion of food involves both mechanical and chemical procedures.)6. (The urinary system keeps normal levels of water and of certain chemicals in the body.)7. (The pituitary is a major gland located under the brain in the middle of the head.)8. (The brain collects and processes information and then sends instructions to all parts ofthe body to be carried out.)9. (The main function of the male reproductive system is to generate, transport and keepactive male sex cells.)10. (The largest of the body’s organs, the skin protects the inner structure of the body with acomplete layer.)Key to the Section A Passage 1 Exercises E.1.cardiovascular diseases2. function of the pituitary3. the urinary tract4. molecules5. artery6. endocrinology7. dyspnea / difficulty in respiration 8. saliva9. histology 10. blood circulation11. hematology 12. physiology13. anatomy 14. the female reproductive15. nervous cells 16. immunology17. indigestion / poor in digestion 18. voluntary muscle19. embryology 20. psychologySection B, Passage 2 Cells and TissuesLanguage PointsOrganized组(构)成arranged in to构成in turn are grouped into又进一步组成serves its specific有特定的bear in mind记住result from源于billions亿万determind确立fit on合在一起by contrast相比之下machinary机构while normally在正常情况下function with great efficiency高效地发挥作用are subject to易于发生result in导致millionth百万分之一equal等于average一般 a speck barely visible基本上看不见的一个小点The science that deals with cells on the smalleststructural and functional level is called molecular biology.从最小的结构及功能水平研究细胞的科学叫分子生物学。
医学专业英语翻译四单元2
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(完整版)医学英语(阅读一分册)翻译及答案
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Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
医学专业英语翻译及其答案解析
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Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
(完整版)医学专业英语
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汉译英心血管疾病cardiovascular diseases; 脑垂体的功能the fun ctio n of pituitary; 泌尿道urinary tract;分子molecule; 动脉artery; 内分泌学en docri no logy; 呼吸困难dyspnea;唾液saliva;组织学histology;血液循环blood circulation;血液学hematology; 生理学physiology; 解剖学an atomy;女性生殖系统femal reproductive system; 神经细胞nerve cell;免疫学immuno logy; 消化不良dyspepsia; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 胚胎学embryology; 心理学psychology; 细胞学cytology;原生质protoplasm; 细胞膜cell membrane; 细胞核nucleus;细胞质(浆)cytoplasm;脱氧核糖核酸deoxyrib onu cleic acid; 能半渗透的semipermeable; 分子生物学molecular biology; 碳水化合物carbohydrate; 有区别性的differe ntially; 使…完整in tact; 根据according to; 遗传特性hereditary trait; 渗滤diffusion; 转换transaction; 蓝图blueprint; 染色体chromosome; 色素pigment;排出废液excrete waste fluid;散开disperse;脉冲信号impulse;核糖核酸rib onu cleic acid; 损害正常功能impair the n ormal fun cti on; 污染环境pollute en vir onment;功能失调malf unction;致病因子causative agents;易受侵害的人群vuln erable groups; 局部化的感染localized in fecti on; 花柳病venereal disease; 抗原与抗体an tige n&an tibody; 肌电图electromyogram; 多发性硬化multiple sclerosis; 心电图electrocardiograph; 疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease; 光纤技术fiber optic tech no logy; 造血系统hematopoietic system; 致命的疾病fatal disease; 体液body fluid;无副作用的治疗hazard-free treatme nt; 无侵犯的实验检查non-i nvasive laboratory test; 核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance;葡萄糖耐糖实验the glucose-tolera nee test; 乐观的预后optimistic prog no sis; 超声波检测法ultras ono graphy;病史medical history;随访活动follow-up visit;营养不良nutritional deficiency; 使细节显著highlight detail; 脑电图electroencephalogram; 缺血的组织blood-starved tissue; 肌纤维muscle fiber;随意肌voluntary muscle;消化道alime ntary can al; 肌腹fleshy belly of muscle;横纹肌striated muscle;肌肉痉挛cramps of muscle;肌肉收缩muscle contraction;肌肉附着点attachme nt of the muscle;肌肉放松relaxation of muscle;动脉出血arterial hemorrhage;止端insertion;起端origion;供血blood supply; 屈肌flexor;蛋白分子protein molecule;纤维结缔组织fibrous conn ective tissue;伸肌exte nsor; 意志力willpower;横切面transverse section;起搏器pacemaker;肌萎缩muscle atrophy;重症肌无力myasthe nia gravis;弥散性局部缺血diffuse ischemia; 常染色体隐性autosomal recessive; 全身性感染systemic in fectio n;受累的肌肉muscle in volved; 显著相关性sig nifica nt correlati on;神经末梢nerve term in al;自体免疫反应autoim mune reactio n;神经支配innervation; 肌营养不良muscular dystrophy; 慢性营养不良chronic mulnutrition; 先天性肌病congen ital myopathy; 预期寿命life expectancy; 免疫紊舌L immunologic derangemant; 发病高峰年龄the peak age of on set;胸腺肿瘤thymoma;呼吸肌受累the in volveme nt of respiratory muscle; 感染性肌炎in flammatory myositic;去神经支配den ervati on;矿物质吸收mi neral absorpti on;机械应力mechanical stress;骨基质有机部分the organic parts of bone matrix; 青春期早熟premature puberty;蛋白溶解酶prote in-digesti ng en zyme;破骨细胞osteoclast;松质骨spongy bone;骨折fracture; 不规贝V骨irregular bone;骨骼系统skeletal system;维生素吸收vitamin absorpti on;骨钙丧失the loss of calcium from bone;生长激素growth hormone;胆绞痛 biliary colic; 一个系列的 a spectrum of; 副鼻窦 paranasal sinus; 口咽 oropharynx;脊椎动物 verterbrate animal; 肺泡 alveolus;二氧化碳 carbon dioxide; 肺换气不足 hypoventilation; 横膈膜神经 phrenic nerve; 双重折叠的 double folded; 威慑物 deterrent;润滑液 lubricating fluid; 滞痰 stagnant sputum; 食管 esophagus; 纵隔 mediastinum; 哺乳动物 mammal;碱中毒 alkalosis; 迷宫 labyrinth; 污染物质 pollutant; 脑干 brainstem; 上皮 ,上皮细胞 epithelium; 刺激物 irritant;利尿剂 duretics; 大叶性肺炎 lobar pneumonia; 疾病的鉴别 differentiation of disease; 破坏性的损坏 destructive damage; 痰性咳嗽 productive cough; 共存 coexist;医学文献 medical literatures; 咯血 nemoptysis; 渗出物 ,渗出液 exudate; 痰液 phlegm;气促 ,气短 breathless; 无症状的 asymptomatic; 吸烟者晨咳 morning cigarette cough; 肺弹性回缩 elastic recoil; 反复发作 recurrent episodes; 有毒刺激物质 nonxious agents; 连续三年 successive 3 years; 交叉重复 crossover; 互相排除的 mutually exclusive; 小气道闭塞 obliteration of small airway; 主动脉弓 aortic arch; 胸主动脉 thoracic aorta; 舒张压 diastolic pressure; 腹主动脉 abdominal aorta; 收缩压 systolic pressure;脊柱 vertebral colum; 毫米汞柱 mmHg; 半月形的 semilunar; 最里层的 innermost; 升主动脉 ascending aorta; 二尖瓣 bicuspid valve; 体循环 systemic circuit;上腔静脉 superior vena cava 下腔静脉 inferior vena cava; 心肌 myocardium; 心内膜 endocadium; 细分 ;分支 subdivision; 心外膜 epicardium; 小动脉 arteriole;骺软骨 epiphyseal cartilage; 镁缺乏 magnesium deficiency;成骨细胞 osteoblast; 密质骨 compact bone; 骨髓腔 marrow cavity; 红骨髓 red marrow;软骨内骨化 endochondral ossification; 矫形学 orthopedics;闭合性骨折 closed fracture; 骨代谢疾病 metabolic bone disease; 雌激素替代疗法 estrogen replacement therapy; 肾上腺皮质 adrenal cortex; 佝偻病 rickets;骨肉瘤 osteosarcoma;软骨肉瘤 chondrosarcoma; 止痛 relieve pain; 类风湿关节炎 rheumatoid arthritis; 骨髓炎 osteomyelitis;开放性骨折 open fracture;骨质疏松症 osteoporosis; 营养缺乏 nutritional deficiency; 骨软化症 osteomalocia; 听力丧失 hearing lose; 恶性肿瘤 malignant tumor; 关节炎 arthritis;抗炎剂 anti-inflammatory drugs; 痛风 gout; 牙周组织 periodontium;唾液腺 salivary glands; 口腔 oral cavity; 升结肠 ascending colon;贲门括约肌 cardiac sphincter; 乳化作用emulsification; 消化道 alimentary tract; 脾弯曲 splenic flexure;锥形的突起 cone-shaped papillae; 似袋状的器官 pouch-like organ; 会厌 epiglottis;十二指肠 duodenum; 乙状结肠 sigmoid colon; 幽门括约肌 pyloric sphincter; 舌下腺 sublingual gland; 蠕动 peristalsis;下颌下腺 submandibular gland; 解毒作用 detoxification; 回盲瓣 ileocecal valve;胰岛素 insulin; 穿孔 perforation; 溃疡性结肠炎 ulcerative colitis; 纤维变性 fibrosis; 阑尾炎 appendicitis;胃十二指肠吻合术 gastroduodenostomy; 直肠镜 proctoscope; 裂孔疝 hiatal hernia; 造影剂 contrast medium; 代偿失调 decompensation;胆石病 choletithiasis; 内窥镜检查 endoscopy; 胆囊切除术 cholecystectomy; 憩室炎 diverticulitis; 麻痹性肠梗阻 paralytic ileus;心包pericardium; 全血细胞减少pan cytope nia; 网织红细胞reticulocyte; 自身免疫的autoim mune; 危及生命的life-threatening; 凝结cougulation;血小板减少thrombocytopenia;免疫缺陷immuno deficie ncy;功能紊舌L dysfunction;活疫苗live vaccine;移植物对宿主的反应graft-versus-host reactio n;血友病hemophilia;素质diathesis;巨成红细胞megaloblast;自发病,特发病idiopathic;弥散性血管内凝血disseminated intravascular coagulati on; 内在的,内源性的instrinsic;词汇分析1ape ndic/itis appe ndic/o>appe ndix 阑尾炎2bil/i/rub in bil/i>bile 胆红素3ch on dr/o/sarc/oma chrondr/o >cartilage ; sarc/o > flesh 软骨肉瘤4chol/sterol chol/e > bile, gall 胆固醇5bucc/al bucc/o > bucca 口腔的;颊的6cra ni/al cran i/o > skull 颅的,颅侧的7co Ion/o/scope colon/o > colon 结肠镜8sigmoid/o/scope sigmoid/o > sigmoid colon 乙状结肠镜9in ter/cost/al cost/o > rib 肋间的10de nt/in dent/o > teeth 牙质11epi/gastr/ic gastr/o > stomach 胃上部的,腹上部的12en ter/itis enter/o > small intestine 肠炎13arthr/itis arthr/i > joint 关节炎14br on ch/o/ge nic bron ch/o > bron chus 支气管原的15cec/um cec/o > cecum 盲肠16sub/li ngu/al lin gu/o > ton gue 舌下的17gi ngiv/itis gin giv/o > gum 牙龈炎18n as/o/gastr/ic gas/o > nose gastr/o > stomach 鼻饲的19hypo/phar yn g/eal phary ng/o > phary nx 下咽的20diverticul/osis diverticul/o > diverticulum 憩室病21ile/o/stomy ile/o > ileum 回肠造口术22chol/e/cyst/ectomy胆囊切除术chol/e > bile; cyst/o > sac 23abdomi n/al abdomin/o > abdomen 腹部的24p neum on/ia pn eum on/o > lung 肺炎25thorac/ic thorac/o > pleural cavity ,chest cavity 胸腔的26duode n/um deode n/o > duode num 十二指肠27lar yn g/o/phar ynx larygn/o > larynx pharyng/o > phary nx 咽喉28vertebr/ate vertebr/o > back bone 脊椎动物29oste/o/myel/itis oste/o > bone;myel/o > bone marrow 骨髓炎30pa ncreat/ic pan creat/o>pa ncreas 胰腺炎31a ngi/o/plasty an gio>vessels 血管成形术32extra/o/cular extra>outside 细胞外的33te ndon/ous ten>tendon 肌腱的34mamm/o/graphy mamm>breast 乳房X线检查术35electr/o/my/o/gram electr>electricity,my>muscle 肌电图36erythr/o/cyte eryth>red 红细胞37hem/o/glob in glob in> protein 血红蛋白38prot/o/plasm prot>first 原生质39uri n/ary ary>perta ining to 泌尿道的40n eur/o/pathy n eur >n erve 神经疾病41lymph/atic lymph>lymph 淋巴的42my/o/fiber my>muscle 肌纤维43pelv/ic pelv>pelvic bone 盆骨44hepat/itis itis> in flammati on 肝炎45fibr/ous fibr>fiber 纤维的46embry/o/logy embry>embryo 胚胎学47leuk/emia emia>blood condition 白血病48electr/o/cardi/o/graphgraph> in strume nt of record ing 心电图仪49dermat/o/my/o/sitis dermat>sk in 皮肤炎50thym/ectomy ectomy>surgical exasion or removal of 胸腺切除术51cyt/o/plasm cyt>cell 细胞浆52isch/emia isch> to hold back 局部缺血53steth/o/scope stech> the chest 听诊器54pul mon/ary pul mon>lung肺的55sarc/o/plasm plasm>formation growth or substaneeof formati on 肌浆56chrom/o/some some>body 染色体57vascul/ar vascul>blood vessel 血管的病历翻译1•病人是一个被妈妈带来的5岁小男孩。
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Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能,对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学;研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。
The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made.骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。
它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用,并牵动骨胳肌,引起各种运动。
人体有206根骨头。
骨形态不一,有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。
许多长骨里有一个内层间隙,里面充填着骨髓,这即是血细胞的制造场所。
A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints.关节把骨与骨连接起来。
颅骨不能运动,是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。
但其它的关节可允许活动,如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动,如肘关节;或是绕轴心旋转运动,如枢轴点允许头部转动。
如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里,大辐度的运动(如肩关节、髋关节)即成为可能。
Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult.软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。
它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。
它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来,也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。
一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成,然后不断生长、骨化,使婴儿长大成人。
The muscular system allows the body to move, and its contractions produce heat, which helps maintain a constant body temperature. Striated muscles can be consciously controlled. The ends of these muscles are attached to different bones by connective tissue bands so that when the muscle contracts, one bone moves in relation to the other. This makes it possible to move the whole body, as when walking, or to move just one part of the body, as when bending a finger. Contractions of the heart and smooth muscles are not under conscious control. Smooth muscles are found in the walls of organs such as the stomach and the intestines and serve to move the contents of these organs through the body.肌肉系统使躯体运动,肌肉收缩产生的热有助于维持一个恒定的体温。
人体能够有意识地控制条纹肌。
结缔组织使肌肉末端附着于不同的骨面上,所以当肌肉收缩时,两骨彼此靠近而产生运动。
这也就使整个人体可以运动起来,如走路,运动躯体某个部位,如弯曲手指。
心脏收缩和平滑肌收缩就不是被意识所控制的。
器官壁内层的平滑肌,如胃肠壁的平滑肌把胃肠中的物质运送到全身。
The circulatory system. All parts of the body must have nourishment and oxygen in order to function and grow, and their waste products must be removed before they accumulate and poison the body. The circulatory system distributes needed materials and removes unneeded ones. It is made up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, which together make up the cardiovascular system. The blood is also part of the body's defense system. It has antibodies and white blood cells that protect the body against foreign invaders. 循环系统:机体的所有部分需要营养物质和氧气来使之发挥功能和生长,也需要在这些器官所产生的废物积聚而危害生命之前将其排除。
循环系统运送有用物质,排泄废物。
心血管系统是循环系统的组成之一;心血管系统包括心脏、血管及血液。
血液也是机体防御系统的一个部分,血液中有抗体及白细胞来防止机体受到外来的侵袭。
The heart is a muscle that is divided into two nearly identical halves: one half receives blood from the lungs and sends it to the rest of the body, the other half sends blood that has traveled through the body back to the lungs. When the heart muscle contracts, the blood is forced out into arteries and enters small capillaries. Blood returns to the heart through veins. 心脏是一块被分为几乎对等两半的肌肉。