考研英语(完形填空)-试卷89.doc
考研英语(完形填空)-试卷90
考研英语（完形填空）-试卷90(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：Culture influences an individual"s health beliefs, behaviours, activities and medical treatment outcomes.【C1】______the significant influence of culture upon health and related outcomes, health care【C2】______should be culturally competent in order to provide【C3】______health care to patients. Cultural competency means considering many options and being more careful about making judgements.【C4】______, scars and bruises that suggest abuse in western culture could【C5】______be symbols of accepted healing methods or sacred rituals.【C6】______, different parts of the body are considered sacred in different cultures. Cultural competency in healthcare【C7】______four major challenges for providers. The first is the straightforward challenge of recognizing clinical 【C8】______among people of different ethnic and racial groups, e.g., higher【C9】______of hypertension in African Americans and【C10】______diabetes in certain Native American groups. The second, and far more complicated, challenge is【C11】______. This deals with everything from the need for interpreters to nuances of words in various languages. Many patients, even in western cultures, are【C12】______to talk with their doctors about【C13】______personal matters as sexual activity or chemical use. How do we overcome this【C14】______among more restricted cultures? The third challenge is ethics.【C15】______western medicine is among the best in the world, we do not have all the【C16】______. Respect for the belief systems of【C17】______and the effects of those beliefs on well-being are critically important to competent care. The final challenge involves【C18】______. For some patients, authority figures are immediately mistrusted,【C19】______for good reason. Having seen or been victims of atrocities at the hands of authorities in their homelands, many people are as【C20】______of caregivers themselves as they are of the care.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.Because of √B.Due toC.Thanks toD.In regard to解析：解析：空格后的“文化对一个人的健康情况能产生深远影响”是主句“医疗护理专家需要精通文化，以便为病人提供……健康护理”的原因，因此空格里需要填一个中性的表示原因的词．故选A项Because of。
考研完形填空专项练习(含答案)
• 完形填空题型概述 • 词汇与短语专项练习 • 句子结构与语法专项练习 • 篇章理解与推理专项练习 • 历年真题精选与解析 • 模拟试题与答案详解
目录
01
完形填空题型概述
题型特点
文章篇幅适中，通常为一篇 200-300词的短文。
题目设置灵活，既有对词汇 和语法的考查，也有对上下 文逻辑关系的考查。
03
针对自己的不足之处，制定相应的复习计划和学习策略，如增加词汇 量、加强阅读训练等。
04
定期进行自测和反思，不断调整学习方法和策略，提高完形填空的解 题能力。
感谢观看
THANKS
答案详解及评分标准
答案解析
对每一空的答案进行详细解析，包括词义辨析、上下文逻辑分析等。
评分标准
根据答案的正确性、逻辑性和语言表达等方面进行评估。
自测与反思
01
自测方法
02 独立完成模拟试题，记录完成时间和得分情况。
03 对照答案详解，分析自己的错误和不足之处。
自测与反思
01
反思与提高
02
总结自己在完形填空方面的薄弱环节，如词汇量不足、上下文理解不 够等。
模拟试题三
完形填空原文及选项
答案详解及评分标准
答案解析
对每一空的答案进行详细解析，包括词义辨析、上下文逻辑 分析等。
评分标准
根据答案的正确性、逻辑性和语言表达等方面进行评估。
答案详解及评分标准
答案解析
对每一空的答案进行详细解析，包括 词义辨析、上下文逻辑分析等。
评分标准
根据答案的正确性、逻辑性和语言表 达等方面进行评估。
分析句子间的逻辑关系
通过分析句子间的转折、因果、 条件等逻辑关系，可以了解文章 的内在逻辑结构，从而更好地理 解文章内容。
考研英语(完形填空)-试卷7
考研英语（完形填空）-试卷7(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Some historians say that the most important contribution of Dwight Eisenhower" s presidency in the 1950s was the U.S. interstate highway system. It was a 【C1】______ project, easily surpassing the scale of such previous human 【C2】______as the Panama Canal. Eisenhower" s interstate highways 【C3】______the nation together in new ways and 【C4】______ major economic growth by making commerce less 【C5】______. Today, an information superhighway has been built—an electronic network that 【C6】______ libraries, corporations, government agencies and【C7】______. This electronic superhighway is called the Internet, 【C8】______it is the backbone of the World Wide Web. The Internet had its【C9】______ in a 1643 U.S. Defense Department computer network called ARPA net, which【C10】______Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to【C11】______ information. In 1662 the National Science Foundation (NSF), 【C12】______mission is to promote science, took over. This new NSF network【C13】______more and more institutional users, many of 【C14】______had their own internal networks. For example, most universities that 【C15】______ the NSF network had intercampus computer networks. The NSF network【C16】______ became a connector for thousands of other networks.【C17】______ a backbone system that interconnects networks, internet was a name that fit. So we can see that the Internet is the wired infrastructure on which web【C18】______ move. It began as a military communication system, which expanded into a government-funded【C19】______ research network. Today, the Internet is a user-financed system tying institutions of many sorts together【C20】______an "information superhighway".（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.conciseB.radialC.massive √D.trivial解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。
完形填空考研英语一历年真题
完形填空考研英语一历年真题做阅读要掌握三个方法，1、阅读的本质是逻辑，2、反复强调的是重点，重点即是考点，3、考研阅读理解的答案不是选出来的，而是用排除法比较出来的。
下文是我为你精心编辑整理的完形填空考研英语一历年真题，希望对你有所帮助，更多内容，请点击相关栏目查看，谢谢!完形填空考研英语一历年真题1Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, its a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high 3.4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of moneyto strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else.11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20”tester participated in a follow-up activity.1. [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from2. [A] faith [B] concern [C] attention [D] interest3. [A] benefit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price4. [A] Therefore [B] Then [C] Instead [D] Again5. [A]Until [B] Unless [C] Although [D] When6. [A] selects [B] produces [C] applies [D] maintains7. [A] consult [B] compete [C] connect [D] compare8. [A] at [B] by [C]of [D]to9. [A] context [B] mood [C] period [D] circle10.[A] counterparts [B] substitutes [C] colleagues [D]supporters11.[A] Funny [B] Lucky [C] Odd [D] Ironic12.[A] monitor [B] protect [C] surprise [D] delight13.[A] between [B] within [C] toward [D] over14.[A] transferred [B] added [C] introduced [D] entrusted15.[A] out [B] back [C] around [D] inside16.[A] discovered [B] proved [C] insisted [D] .remembered17.[A] betrayed [B]wronged [C] fooled [D] mocked18.[A] forced [B] willing [C] hesitant [D] entitled19.[A] In contrast [B] As a result [C] On the whole [D] For instance20.[A] inflexible [B] incapable [C] unreliable [D] unsuitable完形填空考研英语一历年真题2Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as related as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. Thesame people were used in both 5 .While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin.The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 Perhaps, as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 than functional kinship of being friends with 14 !One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.The findings do not simply corroborate peoples 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.Section II Reading Comprehension1、What2、Concluded3、On4、Compared5、Samples6、Insignificant7、Know8、Resemble9、Also10、Perhaps11、To12、Drive13、Ratherthan14、Benefits15、Faster16、understand17、Contributory18、Tendency19、Ethnic20、see完形填空考研英语一历年真题3Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for eachnumbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samles of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of apperaring too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsoho suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the Granduate Managent Adimssion Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr. Simonsoho found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that ofthe one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1. [A] grants [B]submits [C]transmits [D]delivers2. [A] minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D] external3. [A] issue [B]vision [C]picture [D]external4. [A] For example [B] On average [C]In principle [D]Above all5. [A] fond [B] fearful [C]capable [D] thoughtless6. [A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7. [A] if [B] until [C] though [D] unless8. [A] promote [B] emphasize [C] share [D]success9. [A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10. [A] chosen [B] studied [C] found [D] identified11. [A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12. [A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13. [A] assigned [B] rated [C] matched [D] arranged14. [A] put [B] got [C] gave [D] took15. [A] instead [B] then [C] ever [D] rather16. [A] selected [B] passed [C] marked [D] introduced17. [A] before [B] after [C] above [D] below18. [A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19. [A] achieve [B] undo [C] maintain [D] disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpful完形填空考研英语一历年真题4Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(S) for each numbered blank and mark A, B ,C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 Points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly cant remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintances name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as senior moments. 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 .Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that theres actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first brain training program designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 .The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure5.[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook6.[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7.[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8.[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion9.[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10.[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11.[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However12.[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13.[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14.[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15.[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16.[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17.[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on18.[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19.[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20.[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar考研英语一。
往年考研英语二真题完形填空
往年考研英语二真题完形填空没有足够的单词量啥技巧都约等于白扯，而背单词最笨也是最好的方法就是反复多轮，没错，靠一遍就记住是很难的，所以单词需要每天坚持去背。
下文是我为你精心编辑整理的往年考研英语二真题完形填空，希望对你有所帮助，更多内容，请点击相关栏目查看，谢谢!往年考研英语二真题完形填空1Directions:Read the following text。
Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and markA，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points) In our contemporary culture，the prospect of communicating with-or even looking at-a stranger is virtually unbearable Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones，even without a 1 undergroundIts a sad reality-our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings-because theres 2 to be gained from talking to the strange r standing by you. But you wouldnt know it，3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 ：Please dont approach me.What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach We fear rejection，or that our innocent social advances will be 6ascreep,We fear weII be 7 We fear weII be disruptive Strangers are inherently 8 to us，so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones.Phones become our security blanket，Wortmann says.They are our happyglasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .But once we rip off the bandaid，tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up，it doesnt 12 so bad. In one 2023 experiment，behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . When Dr.Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own, the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didnt expect a positive experience, after they 17 withthe experiment, not a single person reported having been snubbed.18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. Its that 20 : Talking to strangerscan make you feel connected.1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C]signall [D] record2. [A] nothing [B] link [C]another [D] much3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C]plugged [D] brought4. [A] message [B] cede [C]notice [D] sign5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from6. [A] misinterprete [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungreatful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring12. [A] hurt [B] resis [C] bend [D] decay13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predictl [D] design16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C]In fact [D] In consequence19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] Iogical [D] rare往年考研英语二真题完形填空2Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested. Student’s willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effortto satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified, another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 subsequent experiments reproduced,this effect with other stimuli 9 the sound of finger nails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to_10_is deeply rooted in humans. Much the same as the basic drives for_11_or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can _12_New Scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such_13_can backfire, the insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however, in a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. ” Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity. Hsee says “in other words, don’t read online comments”.1. [A]Protect [B] resolve [C] discuss [D] ignore2. [A]refuse [B] wait [C] regret [D] seek3. [A]hurt [B] last [C]mislead [D] rise4. [A]alert [B] tie [C] treat [D] expose5. [A]message [B] review [C] trial [D] concept6.[A] remove [B] weaken [C] interrupt [D] deliver7.[A]when [B] if [C] though [D] unless8.[A] continue [B] happen [C] disappear [D] change9.[A] rather than [B] regardless of [C] such as [D] owing to10.[A] discover [B] forgive [C] forget [D] disagree11.[A] pay [B] marriage [C] schooling [D] food12.[A] lead to [B]rest on [C] learn from [D] begin with13.[A] withdrawal [B] persistence [C] inquiry [D] diligence14.[A] self-reliant [B] self-destructive [C] self-evident [D]self-deceptive15.[A] define [B] resist [C]replace [D] trace16.[A] overlook [B] predict [C] design [D] conceal17.[A] remember [B] promise [C] choose [D] pretend18.[A] relief [B] plan [C] duty [D] outcome19.[A] why [B] whether [C] where [D] how20.[A] consequences [B] investments [C] strategies [D] limitations往年考研英语二真题完形填空3Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditionsfor which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an___4___ of good health.Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity,___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very youngchildren tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part9. [A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward10. [A] so [B] unlike [C] since [D] unless11. [A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste12. [A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay13. [A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored16. [A] [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated17. [A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only18. [A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded19. [A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies20. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] without往年考研英语二真题完形填空4Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon revolutionize the very 3 of money itself, only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of float - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuers account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone elses accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trail往年考研英语二11。
考研英语(完形填空)-试卷6
考研英语（完形填空）-试卷6(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Marriage is, for many people, their most important relationship, the source of much happiness, and, for some, even adds extra years to their life. While the【C1】______between marriage and well-being has been【C2】______studied, predicting marital success is【C3】______. Exactly which people are likely to make successful【C4】______, and what can they do to【C5】______the odds of being successful and happy in marriage? "The state of marriage is that it"s going in two directions. For people with a college degree, marriage is still going【C6】______." However, Cherlin explains, "for people with less【C7】______, there"s less marriage and more breakups." Happy marriage【C8】______are much less common in such households. Another predictor of successful marriages is the quality of a【C9】______childhood relationship with their parents. "The kind of relationships you have with your parents【C10】______up are predictive of marital quality in 【C11】______ ," Umberson says. Finally, there is a chicken-and-egg【C12】______to successful marriages. "People who are married are【C13】______than people who aren"t. The question is how much of this is【C14】______and how much is effect?" While natural selection【C15】______has an impact here, Cherlin says, "people who are【C16】______happy are more likely to get married, but marriage makes them even healthier." The【C17】______to good marriages is similar in Umberson"s view. "I think it"s the presence of emotional support, and that the person you"re with does make you feel emotionally supported," she says.【C18】______, "If your partner is【C19】______and demanding" all the time, those "are just red flags" in terms of marital happiness. And in terms of【C20】______ , she notes, "marital strain is worse for your health than marital happiness is good for your health."（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.matchB.link √C.chainD.mark解析：解析：文章第1句描述婚姻和幸福健康的关系。
考研英语二真题及答案完形填空
考研英语二真题及答案完形填空Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Man-made climate change, or global warming, has become a hot topic in recent years. It refers to long-term changes in the earth's temperature attributed mainly to the increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in 1 atmosphere, which trap more heat. There has been a heated debate over the causes and the effects of 2 change, and ways to address the issue.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established by the United Nations in 1988 to assess the scientific, technical, and socio-economic information relevant to the understanding of climate change. 3 the IPCC has highlighted that there is strong evidence that human activities have caused the observed increase in greenhouse gases, the uncertainties surrounding climate change still persist.In the context of climate change 4 , the term "mitigation" refers to measures taken to reduce or prevent the emission of greenhouse gases in order to limit or prevent the extent of climate change. Examples of mitigation 5 adopting renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, and improving energy efficiency in buildings and transportation.Mitigation 6 also include afforestation, which is the establishment of forests where there were none previously, as forests absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and help reduce greenhouse gas levels.Adaptation, on the other hand, refers to the adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climate change. This is 7 important for vulnerable communities and ecosystems that are exposed to the impacts of climate change. Examples of adaptation measures 8 the construction of sea walls to protect coastal areas from rising sea levels, developing drought-resistant crops to combat water scarcity, and implementing early warning systems for extreme weather events.Addressing climate change requires concerted efforts from all countries around the world, as it is a global issue that 9 no boundaries. The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015 by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), aims to strengthen the global response to climate change and limit the global temperature increase to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.In conclusion, man-made climate change is a pressing issue that requires urgent action. Both mitigation and adaptation measures will be necessary to address the causes and impacts of climate change. It is crucial for individuals, governments, and organizations to work together to minimize the effects of global warming and ensure a sustainable future for our planet.1. A. each B. an C. our D. the2. A. this B. that C. such D. these3. A. While B. Although C. However D. Moreover4. A. discussion B. debate C. analysis D. context5. A. cover B. match C. include D. select6. A. could B. might C. will D. can7. A. particularly B. partially C. extremely D. officially8. A. provide B. involve C. require D. consist9. A. recognizes B. exceeds C. accepts D. crosses答案:1. D2. C3. B4. D5. C6. D7. A8. C9. C参考译文:第A部分说明：下面短文中有15个空白，每个空白通常有四个选项。
考研英语(完形填空)-试卷97
考研英语（完形填空）-试卷97(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：Culture influences an individual"s health beliefs, behaviours, activities and medical treatment outcomes. 【C1】______the significant influence of culture upon health and related outcomes, health care【C2】______should be culturally competent in order to provide【C3】______health care to patients. Cultural competency means considering many options and being more careful about making judgements. 【C4】______, scars and bruises that suggest abuse in western culture could【C5】______be symbols of accepted healing methods or sacred rituals. 【C6】______, different parts of the body are considered sacred in different cultures. Cultural competency in healthcare【C7】______four major challenges for providers. The first is the straightforward challenge of recognizing clinical 【C8】______among people of different ethnic and racial groups, e.g., higher【C9】______of hypertension in African Americans and【C10】______diabetes in certain Native American groups. The second, and far more complicated, challenge is【C11】______. This deals with everything from the need for interpreters to nuances of words in various languages. Many patients, even in western cultures, are【C12】______to talk with their doctors about【C13】______personal matters as sexual activity or chemical use. How do we overcome this【C14】______among more restricted cultures? The third challenge is ethics. 【C15】______western medicine is among the best in the world, we do not have all the【C16】______. Respect for the belief systems of 【C17】______and the effects of those beliefs on well-being are critically important to competent care. The final challenge involves 【C18】______. For some patients, authority figures are immediately mistrusted, 【C19】______for good reason. Having seen or been victims of atrocities at the hands of authorities in their homelands, many people are as【C20】______of caregivers themselves as they are of the care.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.Because of √B.Due toC.Thanks toD.In regard to解析：解析：空格后的“文化对一个人的健康情况能产生深远影响”是主句“医疗护理专家需要精通文化，以便为病人提供……健康护理”的原因，因此空格里需要填一个中性的表示原因的词，故选A项Because of。
考研英语完形填空32篇和标准答案
完型填空练习题Text 1Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1 of finger-prints and discovered that no 2 similar pattern is 3 from parents to children, 4 nobody knows why this is the 5 .The ridge 6 on a person’ finger doesn’t change7 growth and is not affected by 8 injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the 9 part of the skin will be replaced 10 by a new one which bears the reproduction of the 11 pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 12 Some criminals make use of this to 13 their own finger-prints 14 this is a dangerous and rare step to 15 .Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method, 16 can be achieved successfully within a short time. 17 the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A 8 man may deny the charge but this may be 19 . His finger-prints can prove who he is even his 20 has been changed by age or accident.C. magnitudeD. uniqueness1. A. uselessness—B. quantity2. A. naturally B. exactly C. especially D. particularlyC. passed outD. passed off3. A. passed on@B. passed away4. A. if B. when C. though D. asC. groundD. case5. A. reason]B. cause6. A. construction B. structure C. location D. position7. A. with%C. untilD. underB. because of8. A. grave B. severe C. substantial D. superficialC. innerD. outer9. A. outside·B. outward10. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. behind timeC. definiteD. customary11. A. original￥B. different12. A. restored B. hurt C. destroyed D. restrictedC. undermineD. remove13. A. diminish/B. dispose14. A. and B. but C. when D. if15. A. make%C. doD. adaptB. take16. A. realization B. detection C. identification D. investigationC. Because ofD. In case of17. A. In spite of；B. Irrespective of18. A. suspected B. doubted C. distrusted D. doubtfulC. at randomD. in question19. A. out of case*B. in vain20. A. look B. expression C. appearance D. sight《~Text 2When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were equally effective on television. Some of the 1 they experienced when they were trying to 2 themselves to the new medium were technical. When working 3 radio, for example, they had become 4 to seeing on 5 of the listener. This 6 of seeing for others means that the 7 has to be very good at talking. 8 all, he has to be able to 9 a continuous sequence of visual images which 10 meaning to the sounds which the listener hears. In the 11 of television, however, the commentator sees 12 with the viewer. His role, therefore, is 13 different. He is there to make 14 that the viewer does not 15 some points of interest, to help him 16 on particular things, and to 17 the images on the television screen. 18 his radio colleague, he must know the 19 of silence and how to use it at those moments 20 the pictures speaks for themselves.1. A. difficulties B. successes C. sufferings D. incidentsD. modify2. A. turn B. adapt（C. alter3. A. on B. at C. with D. behindD. accustomed4. A. experienced B. determined…C. established5. A. account B. side C. point D. behalf6. A. efficiency B. technology，D. performanceC. art7. A. commentator B. TV viewer C. speaker D. authorD. In8. A. Of B. For#C. Above9. A. inspire B. create C. cause D. perceiveD. reflect10. A. add B. apply！C. affect11. A. occasion B. event C. fact D. caseD. anything12. A. something B. nothing—C. everything13. A. equally B. completely C. initially D. hardly14. A. definite B. possible,D. clearC. sure15. A. lose B. deprive C. relieve D. miss16. A. focus B. attend[D. insistC. follow17. A. exhibit B. demonstrate C. expose D. interpret18. A. Like B. Unlike)D. ForC. As19. A. purpose B. goal C. value D. intention20. A. if B. when |D. asC. which]"Text 3Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast 1 places on earth. But they also 2 beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a 3 . The word Geography 4 from two Greek words, ge, the Greek word for “earth” and graphein, 5 means “ to write”. The English word geography means “to describe the earth”.6 geography books7 on a small area like a town or city. Other deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an8 continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another9 to divide the study of 10 is to distinguish between physical geography and 11 geography. The former focus on the natural world; the 12 starts with human beings and studies 13 human being and their environment act 14 each other. 15 when geography is considered as a single subject, 16 branch can neglect the other.A geographer might be described 17 one who observes, records, and explains the 18 between places. If places were alike, there would be little need for geographer.We know, 19 ,that no two places are exactly the same. Geography, 20 ,is a point of view, a special way of looking at places.1. A. similar B. distant C. various{D. famous2. A. pass B. go C. reach D. get3. A. whole B. until C. part ]D. total4. A. falls B. results C. removes D. comes5. A. what B. which C. that ·D. it6. A. Some B. Most C. Many D. Few7. A. rely B. rest C. reckon；D. focus8. A. extensive B. overall C. entire D. enormous9. A. way B. means C. habit/D. technique10. A. world B. earth C. geography D. globe11. A. mental B. military C. economic—D. cultural12. A. second B. next C. later D. latter13. A. when B. what C. where>D. how14. A. upon B. as C. for D. to15. A. And B. But C. Therefore…D. For16. A. neither B. one C. either D. each17. A. for B. as C. to—D. by18. A. exceptions B. sameness C. difference D. divisions19. A. moreover B. meanwhile C. however…D. or else20. A. still B. then C. nevertheless D. moreover￥~Text4Smoking may be a pleasure for some people. 1 ,it is a serious source of 2 for their fellows. Now medical authorities express their 3 about the effect of smoking 4 the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not . 5 ,nonsmokers who must 6 inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may 7 more than the smokers themselves.As you are 8 informed, a considerable number of students have 9 in a effort to 10 the university to 11 smoking in the classroom. I believe they are 12 right in their aim. However, I would hope that it is 13 to achieve this by calling 14 the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for other 15 than by regulation.Smoking is 16 by city bylaws in theatres and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories where there may be a fire hazard. 17 , it is up to you good 18 .I am therefore asking you to 19 “No smoking” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmoker’s health and well-being 20 ,which is very important to a large number of our students.1. A. Hence B. However、C. AnywayD. Furthermore2. A. joy B. discomfort C. convenience D. relief3. A. consideration B. attention[C. beliefD. concern4. A. against B. for C. in D. on5. A. In consequence B. On the otherhand @C. In factD. After all6. A. instinctively B. instantly C. spontaneously D. reluctantly7. A. suffer B. subject\C. submitD. sustain8. A. certain B. sure C. doubtless D. right9. A. entered B. joined%C. attendedD. involved10. A. reason B. persuade C. argue D. suggest11. A. stop B. object@C. banD. prevent12. A. entirely B. likely C. generally D. possibly13. A. likely B. probable*C. properD. possible14. A. out B. for C. on D. up15. A. rather B. better"C. moreD. other16. A. prohibited B. protected C. reserved D. cleared17. A. Furthermore B. Consequently！C. NeverthelessD. Elsewhere18. A. idea B. duty C. sense D. responsibility19. A. persist B. maintain'C. stickD. adhere20. A. in mind B. in head C. in heart D. in memory }Text5}Having passed what I considered the worst obstacle, our spirits rose. We 1 towards the left of the cliff, where the going was better, 2 rather steeper. Here we found little snow, 3 most of it seemed to have been 4 off the mountain. There was no 5 of the mountain in the distance because the clouds were forming all around us.About 1 o’clock a storm 6 suddenly. We had time to have 7 its approach but we were concentrating on cutting steps, and 8 we had time to do anything, we were blinded by snow. We could not move up or down and had to wait 9 , getting colder and colder. 10 my hood(兜帽), my nose and cheeks were frostbitten and I dared not take a hand out of my glove to warm them. After two hours of this, I realized we would have to do 11 to avoid being frozen to death where we stood. From time to time through the mist I had 12 the outline of a dark buttress(扶壁)just above us, to descend in the wind was 13 question; our only hope was to scramble up to this buttress, and dig out a platform at the foot of it on which we could 14 our tent.We climbed to this place and started to 15 the ice. At first my companion seemed to regard the 16 as hopeless but gradually the wind 17 and he cheered up. 18 we had made a platform big enough to put up the tent, and we did this as 19 we could. We 20 into our sleeping bags and fell asleep, felling that we were lucky to be still alive.1. A. set B. got C. made%D. took2. A even B. though C. so D. if3. A. when B. where C. as，D. so that4. A. fallen B. flown C. split D. blown5. A. view B. vision C. look）D. glimpse6. A. came up B. came out C. came over D. came on7. A. viewed B. noticed C. notified,D. glanced8. A. after B. before C. unless D. until9. A. motionlessly B. constantly C. steadily:D. continually10. A. In spite of B. In relation to C. In case of D. In the event of11. A. anything B. nothing C. something？D. everything12. A. laid out B. made out C. drawn out D. marked out13. A. without B. in C. beyond}D. out of date14. A. wrench B. wedge C. pad D. pinch15. A. cut down B. cut away C. cut out"D. cut off16. A. position B. situation C. occupation D. orientation17. A. died out B. died off C. died back！D. died down18. A. Instead of B. Furthermore C. Indeed D. At last19. A. well B. good C. best#D. better20. A. climbed B. crashed C. crept D. crawled【Text6Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends Because they destroy so many insects, and insects 1 some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make 2 impossible for us to live in the world. They would devour (eat up quickly) all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, were it not 3 the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We 4 a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them 5 together kill only a fraction of the 6 destroyed by spiders. 7 , unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least 8 to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, 9 many people think, 10 even nearly related to them. One can tell the 11 almost at a glance, 12 a spider always has eight legs but an insect never more than six.…How many spiders are 13 in this work on our 14 One authority 15 spiders made a 16 of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2 250 000 in one acre; that is 17 like 6000 000 spiders of different kinds on a football field. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is 18 to make more than the 19 guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creature, not 20 with only three meals a day.1. A. include B. involve C. consist D. cover2. A. this B. that ？D. themC. it3. A. with B. for C. of D. on4. A. devote B. dedicate!D. contributeC. owe5. A. gotten B. put C. linked D. associatedD. proportion6. A. number B. amount、C. plenty7. A. Consequently B. Moreover C. Conversely D. HoweverD. harm8. A. damage B. ruin%C. good9. A. as B. which C. because D. thoughD. none10. A. so B. either~C. nor11. A. likeness B. difference C. similarity D. appearance12. A. if B. although） D. whenC. for13. A. participated B. joined C. enclosed D. involvedD. behalf14. A. honor B. sake；C. side15. A. on B. in C. about D. withD. consciousness16. A. census B. consensus{C. conscience17. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everythingD. probable18. A. likely B. useless(C. impossible19. A. broadest B. widest C. bravest D. wildestD. content20. A. concerned B. identified|C. patient￥Text7Cheques have largely replaced money as a mean s of exchange, for they are widely accepted everywhere . Though this is very 1 for both buyer and seller, it should not be forgotten that cheuqes are not real money: they are quite 2 in themselves. A shop-keeper always runs a certain 3 when he accepts a cheque and he is quite 4 his rights if, 5 ,he refuses to do so.People do not always know this and are shocked if their good faith is called 6 . An old and very wealth friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant 7 . He went to a famous jewellery shop which keeps a large 8 of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. After examining several trays, he 9 to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay 10 cheque. The assistant said that this was quite 11 , but the moment my friend signed his name, he was invited into the manager’s office.（The manager was very polite, but he explained that someone with 12 the same name had presented them with a 13 cheque not long age. He told my friend that the police would arrive 14 any moment and he had better stay 15 he wanted to get into serious trouble. 16 , the police arrived soon afterwards They apologized to my friend for the 17 and asked him to 18 a note which had been used by the thief in a number of shop .The note 19 :“I have a gun in my pocket. Ask no questions and give me all the money in the safe.”20 , my friend’s handwriting was quite unlike the thief’s.1. A. complicated B. trivial C. bearable D. convenient2. A. valueless B. invaluable`D. indefiniteC. valuable3. A. danger B. change C. risk D. opportunityD. out of4. A. within B. beyond]C. without5. A. in general B. at the least C. on occasion D. in shortD. in question6. A. in difficulty B. in doubt！C. in earnest7. A. accident B. experience C. event D. incidentD. store8. A. amount B. stock-C. number9. A. considered B. thought C. conceived D. decidedD. through10. A. by B. in^C. with11. A. in order B. in need C. in use D. in common12. A. largely B. mostly<D. extremelyC. exactly13. A. worth B. worthy C. worthwhile D. worthlessD. during14. A. for B. at》C. until15. A. whether B. if C. otherwise D. unlessD. However16. A. Really B. Sure enough 】C. Certainly17. A. treatment B. manner C. inconvenience D. behavior18. A. write off B. write out，D. make outC. copy out19. A. read B. told C. wrote D. informedD. Basically20. A. Especially B. Fortunately￥C. Naturally>Text 8In October 2002, Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank 1 a new electronic market for economic indices that 2 substantial economic risks, such as nonfarm payroll (a measure of job availability) and retail sales. This new market was made possible by a 3 rating technology, developed by Longitude, a New York company providing software for financial markets, 4 the Parimutuel Digital Call Auction. This is “digital” 5 of a digital option: ., it pays out only if an underlying index lies in a narrow, discrete range. In effect, Longitude has created a horse race, where each “horse” wins if and 6 the specified index falls in a specified range. By creating horses for every possibl 7 of the index, and allowing people to bet 8 any number of runners, the company has produced a liquidintegrated electronic market for a wide array options on economic indices.Ten years ago it was 9 impossible to make use of electronic information about home values. Now, mortgage lenders have online automated valuation models that allow them to estimate values and to 10 the risk in their portfolios. This has led to a proliferation of types of home loan, some of 11 have improved risk-management characteristics.We are also beginning to see new kinds of 12 for homes, which will make it possible to protect the value of 13 , for most people, is the single most important 14 of their wealth. The Yale University-Neighbourhood Reinvestment Corporation programme, 15 last year in the city of Syracuse, in New York state, may be a model for home-equity insurance policies that 16 sophisticated economic indices of house prices to define the 17 of the policy. Electronic futures markets that are based on econometric indices of house prices by city, already begun by City Index and IG Index in Britain and now 18 developed in the United States, will enable home-equity insurers to hedge the risks that they acquire by writing these policies.These examples are not impressive successes yet. But they 19 as early precursors of a technology that should one day help us to deal with the massive risks of inequality that 20 will beset us in coming years.D. originated1. A. created B. generated(C. initiated2. A. reproduce B. restore C. represent D. resumeD. established3. A. sophisticated B. expensive：C. available4. A. made B. called C. asked D. readD. in the sense5. A. in the course B. in the event}C. in the light6. A. when B. until C. now that D. only if7. A. extent B. range@D. areaC. line8. A. for B. in C. on D. upD. originally9. A. virtually B. admittedly&C. absolutely10. A. assume B. assess C. dismiss D. eraseD. whom11. A. them B. which`C. that12. A. management B. insurance C. security D. technologyD. it13. A. what B. those，C. where14. A. guarantee B. protection C. component D. sourceD. launched15. A. secured B. sponsored*C. released16. A. look to B. set up C. lay down D. rely onD. consequences17. A. terms B. specifications@C. concepts18. A. is B. being C. been D. are19. A. emerge B appear【D. ariseC. stand20. A. somehow B. anyway C. otherwise D. therebyText 9/Globalization will h ave a powerful effect on the future of dining. Recipes and meals from the world’s kitchens will be 1 anywhere and anytime. Globalization is the master2that will drive the world of food. Formerly remote 3 and cooking styles are creating a whole new culinary mosaic as they are4and reinterpreted all over the world.For the globe-trotting businessman, food savvy will be an important5of career mastery. Being successful in South America or the Far East means having insight6another culture, and local7will become an important component of that. People will need8of food and ingredients from different continents and cultures as one aspect of9, cultural exchange, and success.10, culinary globalism will not be limited to physical travel. Chefs will learn about 11 ingredients, recipes, and techniques without ever leaving their kitchens. Soul food will continue to appeal, even as diners grow more12. Look for collard greens and fried chicken on the menus of upscale restaurants. Fast-casual restaurants--trendy eateries that combine speed and quality--should keep growing in 13 . Ethnic cuisines will14 globally and combine: Look for chifa, a mixture of Japanese and Spanish foods,15 its native Peru. Uzbek dishes, meanwhile, combine Persian, Russian, and Chinese16at bistros in New York and Chicago.Pizza on a griddle New York chef Mario Batali is among those 17pizza, making it thinner, healthier, and more 18. One size does not fit all: look for designer delis, 19 you can choose from a wide variety of main and 20 dishes to take home and heat up yourself.1[A]suitable[B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]available2[A] trend—[B] fashion[C] tendency[D] style3[A] components[B] foods[C] ingredients[D] stuffs、4[A] transported[B] transplanted[C] transferred[D] translated5[A] part[B] role>[C] portion[D] side6[A] in[B] into[C] to[D] by7<[A] tastes[B] flavors[C] dishes[D] courses8[A] information[B] knowledge[C] insight([D] experience9[A] socialization[B] realization[C]standardization[D] localization10[A] However;[B] Somehow[C] Moreover[D] Anyway11[A] strange[B] new[C] exotic[D] remote& 12[A] health-conscious[B]price-conscious[C]taste-conscious[D]diversity-conscious13[A] population[B] popularity；[C] quantity[D] prosperity 14[A] expand[B] extend[C] export[D] exclude15|[B] by[C] over[D] beyond[A] from16[A] flavors[B] flowers[C] flours|[D] flames17[A] recreating[B] rethinking[C] representing[D] replacing18[A] portable,[C] edible[D] popular[B] attractive19[A] when[B] why[C] where[D] which[A] small[B] side[C] minor[D] secondary)20\Text 10Things in the henhouse changed practically overnight when McDonald’s announced in 1999 that it would no longer buy eggs from producers who didn’t meet its guidelines for care of chickens. Those guidelines included limiting the 1 of birds that could be kept in one 2 and prohibiting beak removal, 3 trimming just the tips.Once McDon ald’s had4the way in issuing animal care guidelines for the company’s suppliers, many other giants of the fast-food industry rapidly followed 5, including Burger King, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Wendy’s, A and W and KFC. Now, the American Meat Institute ha s 6 welfare guidelines and audit 7 for cattle, pigs, and chickens. And the European Union, representing our foreign customers, is also 8 in with, among other things, legislation banning. 9 use of crates to house pregnant sows, 10 in 2013.Questions about animal care 11 with the explosive growth in large-scale livestock farms, 12 spurred customers to complain about animals being treated as “factory parts”. That spurred ARS and the livestock industry to take a proactive approach to addressing animal13issues, making sure that guidelines are based on facts 14 through scientific research. The goal is to share research findings with the retail food industry and others so that the livestock industry can improve its 15 guidelines.Ten years ago, to 16 these concerns, ARS started a research program on livestock behavior and stress. The scientists involved were tasked with finding out whether modern farming practices were 17 stressing animals. And if so, could scientific methods be developed to measure this stress so that 18 could be evaluated objectively rather than subjectively？A decade later, the 19 answer is “yes” to both questions, Many had expected the answer to be “no” on both counts, but science works independently20 pe ople’s opinions.1. A. amount B. number C. figure D. sumC. caseD. cart2. A. cage'B. cave3. A. but for B. except for C. aside from D. away from4. A. paved【C. ledD. openedB. changed5. A. suit B. step C. set D. super6. A. adapted· C. approved D. acceptedB. adopted7. A. booklets B. pamphlets C. brochures D. checklistsC. consideringD. thinking8. A. measuring·B. weighing9. A. prolonged B. proceeded C. programmed D. progressed10. A. efficient（C. effusiveD. electiveB. effective11. A. raised B. rose C. arose D. poseC. whichD. how12. A. who 【B. what13. A. health B. life C. wealth D welfareC. provedD. tested14. A. decided(B. determined15. A. voluntary B. revolutionary C. preliminary D. necessaryC. suppressD. compress16. A. express》B. address17. A. unduly B. unequally C. unfortunately D. unfavorablyC. problemsD. practices18. A. performances$B. programs19. A. sequential B. initial C. essential D. financialC. byD. with20. A. of^B. onText 11,You probably know that it’s better for both you and the environment if you buy an organic tomato instead of one that’s been doused in pesticides, but there are lots of other things to consider before venturing down the aisle of your local superm arket (or farmer’s market).The explosion in1produce and other foods during the last few years has been an extremely 2development in the food industry. However,3still exists about exactly what the organic4 means. Do you know the difference betwee n a cereal that’s “organic,” “100% organic,” and “made with organic5” The USDA has clearly defined standards that6which of those labels can legally go on your raisin bran. You can learn more about them atOrganic foods are great, but the jury is still very much out7another new development in the food world: genetically8organisms (GMOs). No one knows for certain the short and9 effects of these products of gene engineering,l0there’s a chance they could lead to the11 creation of “superweeds” o r12with natural plant stocks, for more information on GMOs, we recommend visiting13you’re shopping, don’t forget to consider the companies behind the14names. One cereal company might be an environmental champion,15the other manufactures its corn flakes via l6environmental practices. An easy way to compare two companies is to use17such as Responsible . They present both the good and bad sides of every company they18, and they grade hundreds of companies on social, ethical and environmental issues.Remember:19conscious shopping is a powerful tool for effecting change. You can make a difference every time you fill your 20cart.1. A. green B. organic C. healthy D. optional2. A. positive B. negative C. active :D. passive3. A. controversy B. contribution C. conversion D. confusion4. A. label B. mark C. word…D. food5. A. components B. genes C. ingredients D. compositions6. A. determine B. illustrate C. recommend <D. demonstrate7. A. in B. to C. for D. on8. A. moved B. modified C. modeled、D. motivated9. A. long-run B. long-term C. long-day D. long-distance10. B. and C. but》D. or. unconditional B. unexceptional C. unintentional D. uncontroversial12. A. interfere B. intervene C. interact…D. intrude13. A. Any time B. Anytime C. Some time D. Sometime14. A. brand B. code C. product \D. family15. A. when B. while C. as D. because16. A. constructive B. destructive C. instructive `D. obstructive17. A. sights B. addresses C. sites D. webs18. A. profit B. profile C. propose ~D. protect19. A. socially B. conditionally C. morally D. environmentally20. A. nursery B. grocery C. bakery *D. stationeryText12Responsibilities. We all have them; most of us have more than we’d like. That doesn’t change the reality that, sooner or later, we all have to1up to them. But perhaps it does explain our2to add to the ever-growing list. There’s already so much to do in a day, why tack on an3burden？Unfortunately, it’s this kind of defeatist mentality4keeps people from enhancing their lives through proper5and exercise. Here is the salient point, though: The health and fitness benefits you’ll derive from6the necessary work are worth whatever sacrifices you must make7the way. I can’t count how many times I’ve heard the same8. Each time, I always give the same response: Yes, I say, working out is work. So is taking the9to eat right.10yourself on the。
考研英语(完形填空)-试卷76
考研英语（完形填空）-试卷76(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：I won"t be modest. I am gratified to discover that a paper I penned on inequality made its way into Matt Miller"s Washington Post column last week. Mr Miller asks why rising inequality has not【C1】______ America"s least-favored classes to agitate for a 【C2】______ . He agrees with my verdict: that access to【C3】______ goods among the least well-off has ensured that material inequality is not as【C4】______ as income inequality. 【C5】______ modern conveniences have taken some of the【C6】______ out of a relatively small income. This in turn has【C7】______ the drive to seek causes of and cures for【C8】______ "s discomfort. So the gap between rich and poor is sometimes less【C9】______, even if it is great and growing. Day-to-day experience is mostly a matter of our【C10】______ circumstances, and if those are【C11】______ enough, a widening gap in income, consumption or wealth is【C12】______ to come often to our attention. Even if the abstract fact of rising inequality does come across our radar, it may【C13】______ our sense of justice only if we"ve become convinced that inequality itself is【C14】______, or if we face related catastrophes. When I wrote the paper, official measures of income inequality had increased a good deal over the past few decades【C15】______ consumption inequality seemed to have remained【C16】______ New research suggests that consumption inequality has been increasing with income inequality【C17】______. This may be true, but it seems【C18】______ to the question of why America"s poor aren"t storming the barriers. The consumption data concerns how much we【C19】______, not how we experience what we buy, and that"s the real issue. Even if we could agree that inequality in real standards of living is rising, this is not something we actually experience unless we are hungry, or【C20】______ with the entertainments of our leisure.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.excitedB.irritatedC.encouragedD.provoked √解析：解析：此处宾语从句意为“为何日益严重的不平等现象没有______ 处于美国社会最底层的民众去抗议”。
考研英语完形填空真题及答案解析
考研英语完形填空The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary.This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _16_ is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust.The justices must _18_ doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _20_, convincing as law.1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless3. [A]restored [B]weakened[C]established [D] eliminated4. [A]challenged [B]compromised [C]suspected [D] accepted5.[A]advanced [B]caught [C]bound [D]founded6.[A]resistant [B]subject [C]immune [D]prone7.[A]resorts [B]sticks [C]loads [D]applies8. [A]evade [B]raise [C]deny [D]settle9.[A]line [B]barrier[C]similarity [D]conflict10.[A]by [B]as [C]though [D]towards11. [A]so [B]since [C]provided [D]though12.[A]serve [B]satisfy[C]upset [D]replace13.[A]confirm [B]express [C]cultivate [D]offer14.[A]guarded [B]followed [C]studied [D]tied15. [A]concepts [B]theories [C]divisions [D]conceptions16. [A]excludes [B]questions [C]shapes [D]controls17. [A]dismissed [B]released [C]ranked [D]distorted18. [A]suppress [B]exploit [C]address [D]ignore19. [A]accessible [B]amiable [C]agreeable [D]accountable20. [A]by all mesns [B]atall costs [C]in a word [D]as a result1.【答案】B 【解析】从空后信息可以看出，这句表达的是“_ _法官表现得像政治家”的情况下，法庭就不能保持其作为法律法规的合法卫士的形象，所以应该选C,maintain“维持，保持”，其他显然语义不通。
2020年考研英语一完形填空译文
2020年考研英语一完形填空译文The year 2020 marked a significant milestone in the journey of millions of aspiring academics as they braved the challenges of the Postgraduate Entrance Exam, commonly known as the "Grindstone" for its relentless testing of knowledge, skills, and perseverance. Amidst the various sections of this comprehensive exam, the Cloze Test in the English paper stood out as a particularly intriguing and thought-provoking component. This article aims to delveinto the essence of the 2020 Cloze Test, analyzing its themes, challenges, and the insights it offers into the world of English language proficiency.**Themes and Content Analysis**The Cloze Test of the 2020 Postgraduate Entrance Exam English paper was a diverse blend of themes and content, reflecting the breadth and depth of the English language. The passages ranged from scientific research, historical narratives, social commentaries, to philosophical reflections. This diversity not only tested the candidates' language comprehension skills but also their ability to apply this comprehension across diverse contexts.One prominent theme that emerged was the emphasis on critical thinking and analysis. Passages often presented scenarios or arguments that required the examinee to analyze, evaluate, and draw inferences. This emphasis on critical thinking is aligned with the growing importance of analytical skills in today's academic and professional landscapes.Another noteworthy theme was the integration ofcultural elements. The passages often drew from various cultural backgrounds, requiring the candidates to have a broad cultural awareness and the ability to appreciate and interpret texts from different perspectives. This integration of cultural elements highlights the interconnectedness of language and culture and the importance of cultural sensitivity in language learning.**Challenges and Strategies**The Cloze Test presented its unique challenges, requiring candidates to not only have a solid grasp of the English language but also to possess strategic thinking skills. One of the key challenges was the need for rapid and accurate comprehension. With limited time, candidateshad to quickly scan the passages, identify key information, and make informed decisions about the missing words.Another challenge was the demand for contextual understanding. Many of the missing words were dependent on the overall context of the passage, requiring candidates to have a deep understanding of the subject matter and the logic flow of the text. This called for a high level of reading comprehension and the ability to infer meanings from context.To tackle these challenges, candidates needed to employ effective strategies. Prioritizing time management was crucial, as was the ability to quickly identify and focus on key information. Additionally, a solid vocabulary base was indispensable, as it provided the foundation for understanding and interpreting the passages.**Insights and Implications**The 2020 Cloze Test offered valuable insights into the world of English language proficiency. It highlighted the importance of not just mastering the language's grammar and vocabulary but also developing critical thinking, analytical, and cultural awareness skills. These skills areintegral to successful language learning and are increasingly valued in today's globalized world.The Cloze Test also emphasized the need for continuous practice and exposure to diverse texts. By reading widely and regularly, candidates can build their vocabulary, enhance their comprehension skills, and develop a more nuanced understanding of language and culture.Moreover, the Cloze Test underscored the role of teachers and educators in guiding students towards language proficiency. Educators should focus on cultivating a learning environment that fosters critical thinking, analytical skills, and cultural sensitivity. By providing opportunities for meaningful interactions and discussions, educators can help students develop the language skills they need to succeed in today's interconnected world.In conclusion, the 2020 Postgraduate Entrance Exam's Cloze Test was a thought-provoking and challenging component that tested candidates' language proficiency, critical thinking, and cultural awareness. It offered valuable insights into the world of English language learning and highlighted the need for a comprehensiveapproach that integrates language skills, critical thinking, and cultural sensitivity. By embracing this approach, candidates and educators alike can navigate the maze of language learning and unlock the doors to deeper understanding and global connectivity.**解码2020年考研英语一完形填空的深度：穿越迷宫之旅**2020年对于数百万有志于学术追求的学子来说，是一个标志性的里程碑。
考研英语真题及答案(完形填空完整)
Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank.andmark[A]，[B]，[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting __1__ workers productivity. Instead，the studies ended__2__ giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect” the extremely influential i dea the very__3__to being experimented upon changed subjects’ behaviorThe idea arose because of the__4__behavior of the women in the plant.According to __5__of the experiments their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6__what was done in the experiment.__7__something was changed productivity rose . A(n) __8__ that they were being experimented upon seemed to be __9__to alter workers' behavior __10__ itselfAfter several decades，the same data were __11__to econometric the analysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 12 the descriptions on record，no systematic __13__was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lightingIt turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__14__interpretation of what happened.__15__，lighting was always changed on a Sunday When work started again on Monday, output __16__ rose compared with the previous Saturday and __17__ to rise for the next couple of days __18__ ，a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers __19__to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case，before __20__a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect” is hard to pin down1.[A] affected [B]achieved [C]extracted [D]restored2. [A]at [B]up [C]with [D]off3. [A]truth [B]sight [C]act [D]proof4. [A]controversial [B]perplexing [C]mischievous [D]ambiguous5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C]accounts [D]assessments6. [A]conclude [B]matter [C]indicate [D]work7. [A]as far as [B]for fear that [C]in case that [D]so long as8. [A]awareness [B]expectation [C]sentiment [D]illusion9. [A]suitable [B]excessive [C]enough [D]abundant10. [A]about [B]for [C]on [D]by11. [A]compared [B]shown [C]subjected [D]conveyed12. [A]contrary to [B]consistent with [C]parallel with [D]peculiar to13.[A]evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source14.[A]disputable [B]enlightening [C]reliable [D]misleading15.[A]In contrast [B]For example [C]In consequence [D]As usual16. [A]duly [B]accidentally [C]unpredictably [D]suddenly17.[A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued18.[A] Therefore [B]Furthermore [C]However [D]Meanwhile19.[A]attempted [B] tended [C]chose [D]intended20.[A]breaking [B]climbing [C]surpassing [D]hittingSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionText 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in mostbit-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War 2,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornamentto the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days,it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the eventsthey covered. Theirs was a serous business. and even those reviews who wore theirlearning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted toknow what they were aout. These men believed in journalism as a calling , and wereproud to be published in the daily press. 'So few authors have brains enough orliterary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,' Newman wrote, "that Iam tempted to define "journalism"as "a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are".'Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodernreaders have little use for the richly uphostered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 thatA arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.B English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.C high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.D young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War 2 were characterized byA free themes.B casual style.C elaborate layout.D radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would shaw and Newman most probably agree on?A It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.B It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.C Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.D Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?A His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.B His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.C His style caters largely to modern specialists.D His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?A Newspapers of the Good Old DaysB The Lost Horizon in NewspapersC Mournful Decline of JournalismD Prominent Critics in MemoryText 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods.Amazon com received one for its“one-click”online payment system Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.One inventor patented a technique for lying a box。
考研英语完型填空模拟题和答案
2018年考研英语完型填空模拟题和答案2018年考研英语完型填空模拟题All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common，including the sky god，the lord of storms，and the morning and evening star.__1__the Sumerian worshipped the goddess of fertility，love，and war，she was evidently lower__2__status than the male gods，indicating that in a more urbanized society the__3__that the peoples of previous times had paid to the earth mother goddess had__4__. The gods seemed hopelessly violent and __5__，and ones life a period of slavery at their easy will. The epic poem The Creation emphasizes that__6__were created to enable the gods to__7__ up working. Each city moreover had its own god，who was considered to__8__ the temple literally and who was in theory the owner of all property within the city.__9__the priests who interpreted the will of the god and controlled the__10__ of the economic produce of the city werefavored__11__ their supernatural and material functions __12__. When，after 3，000 B. C.，growing warfare among the cities made military leadership__13__，the head of the army who became king assumeda(n)__14__position between the god，whose agent he was，and the priestly class，whom he had both to use and to __15__. Thus king and priests represented the upper class in a hierarchical society.__16__them were the scribes，the secular attendants of the temple，who__17__every aspect of the citys economic life and who developed a rough judicialsystem.__18__the temple officials，society was divided among an eliteor__19__ group of large landowners and military leaders;a mixed group of merchants，artisans，and craftsmen，free peasants who__20__ the majority of the population;and slaves.1. [A] Unless [B] As [C] Lest [D] Although2. [A] on [B] in [C] with [D] about3. [A] worship [B] reverence [C] admiration [D] gratitude4. [A] vanished [B] recovered [C] declined [D] attained5. [A] unpredictable[B] unforgivable[C] unlimited [D] unlikely6. [A] creatures [B] animals [C] men [D] mortals7. [A] use [B] turn [C] give [D] back8. [A] inhabit [B] live [C] reside [D] lodge9. [A] Hence [B] Thereafter [C] Somehow [D] Incidentally10. [A] introduction[B] transaction [C] distribution[D] provision11. [A] as [B] for [C] under [D] of12. [A] along [B] anyway [C] afterwards [D] alike13. [A] additional [B] vital [C] singular [D] exceptional14. [A] alternative [B] secondary [C] intermediate[D] fundamental15. [A] pacify [B] tempt [C] suppress [D] manipulate16. [A] Beside [B] Beyond [C] Below [D] Before17. [A] supervised [B] held [C] managed [D] presided18. [A] Around [B] Under [C] Above [D] Outside19. [A] leading [B] noble [C] controlling [D] principal20. [A] consist [B] compose [C] compile [D] consume2018年考研英语完型填空答案分析答案1. D2. B3. B4. C5. A6. D7.C8.A9. A 10. C11. B 12. D 13.B 14.C 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. B总体分析*介绍了苏美尔人对神的崇拜及由此引起的社会阶层的划分。
考研英语真题试卷全部
考研英语真题试卷全部
一、听力部分
1. 短对话：共8题，每题1分，共8分。
- 根据录音材料，选择正确的答案。
2. 长对话：共7题，每题1分，共7分。
- 根据对话内容，回答相关问题。
3. 短文理解：共10题，每题1分，共10分。
- 仔细聆听短文，回答相关问题。
二、阅读理解
1. Part A：共20题，每题2分，共40分。
- 阅读四篇短文，根据文章内容选择正确答案。
2. Part B：共5题，每题2分，共10分。
- 阅读一篇长文章，完成填空或简答题。
三、完形填空
1. 共20题，每题0.5分，共10分。
- 阅读一篇短文，从选项中选择最合适的词汇填入空白处。
四、翻译
1. 英译汉：共5题，每题2分，共10分。
- 将给定的英文句子翻译成中文。
2. 汉译英：共5题，每题2分，共10分。
- 将给定的中文句子翻译成英文。
五、写作
1. 小作文：共10分。
- 根据给定的情境或图表，写一篇短文。
2. 大作文：共20分。
- 根据给定的题目，写一篇议论文。
注意事项：
- 请在规定时间内完成所有题目。
- 确保答题卡上的答案清晰可辨。
- 考试结束后，监考老师会收回所有试卷和答题卡。
祝各位考生考试顺利！
请注意，以上内容仅为示例，实际的考研英语真题试卷会根据当年的考试大纲和命题要求有所变化。
考生在备考时应以最新的考试大纲和历年真题为依据，进行针对性的复习和练习。
2023年考研英语真题及答案(完整)
2023年考研英语一真题及答案（完整版）一、完形填空Use of EnglishCaravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas includingChina, North Africa and the Middle East. They were typically __1__ outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments of __2__.This word “Caravanserais” is a __3__ of the Persian word “karvan”, which means a group of travellers or a caravan, and seray, a palace or enclosed building. The Perm caravan was used to __4__ groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons, __5__ merchants, travellers or pilgrims.From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes become more developed, the __6__ of the Caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night. Travellers on the Silk Road __7__ possibility of being attacked by thieves or being __8__ to extreme conditions. For this reason, Caravanserais were strategically placed __9__ they could be reached in a day’s travel ti me.Caravanserais served as an informal __10__ point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road. __11__, those structures became important centers for culture __12__ and interaction, with travelers sharing their cultures, ideas and beliefs, __13__ talking knowledge with them, greatly __14__ the development of several civilizations.Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and __15__ in the trade of goods along the Silk Road. __16__, it was frequently the first stop merchants looking to sell their wares and __17__ supplies for their own journeys. It is __18__ that around 120000 to 15000 caravanserais were built along the Silk Road, __19__ only about 3000 are known to remain today, many of which are in __20__.1、答案：C. located2、答案：A. privately3、答案：D. combination4、答案：C. describe5、答案：C. such as。
考研英语一真题之「完形填空」(2016-2020) Word
2016In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1 __ those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3 __ the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5 __ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__ by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, __9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and __10__ a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyseds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may __12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divoreced persons are __15__with some disapproval. Each spouse retains __16__ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__ up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__ the woman must wait ten months.1. [A] by way of [B] on behalf of [C] as well as [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C] compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] remew [C] arrange [D] postpone4. [A] Above all [B] In theory [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] since [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] copy [B] test [C] recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] passing [B] lighting [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] collection [C] association [D] union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D] live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] if [D] for14. [A] avoid [B] follow [C] challenge [D] obtain15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A] whereever [B] whatever [C] whenever [D] however17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18. [A] invested [B] divided [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A] warms [B] clears [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A] while [B] so that [C] once [D] in that2017Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!"__1__helping you feel close and __2__to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a __3__of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you __4__getting sick this winter.In a recent study __5__over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs__6__the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being__7__to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come__8__with a cold, and the researchers__9__that the stress-reducing effects of hugging __10__about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. __11__among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe__12__."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the __13__risk for colds that's usually __14__with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie, Hugging " is a marker of intimacy and help __15__the feeling that others are there to help__16__difficulty."Some experts__17__the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone"__18__it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it __19__in the brain, where it __20__mood, behavior and physiology.1. [A] Besides [B] Unlike [C] Throughout [D] Despite2. [A] equal [B] restricted [C] connected [D] inferior3. [A] view [B] host [C] lesson [D] choice4. [A] avoid [B] forget [C] recall [D] keep5. [A] collecting [B] affecting [C] guiding [D] involving6. [A] on [B] In [C] at [D] of7. [A] devoted [B] attracted [C] lost [D] exposed8. [A] along [B] across [C] down [D] out9. [A] imagined [B] denied [C] doubted [D] calculated10. [A] served [B] restored [C] explained [D] required11. [A] Thus [B] Still [C] Rather [D] Even12. [A] defeats [B] symptoms [C] errors [D] tests13. [A] highlighted [B] increased [C] controlled [D] minimized14. [A] presented [B] equipped [C] associated [D] compared15. [A] assess [B] generate [C] moderate [D] record16. [A] in the name of [B] in the form of [C] in the face of [D] in the way of17. [A] attribute [B] commit [C] transfer [D] return18. [A] unless [B] because [C] though [D] until19. [A] remains [B] emerges [C] vanishes [D] decreases20. [A] experiences [B] combines [C] justifies [D] influences2018Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition __1__ many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your __2__, in the wrong place often carries a high __3__.__4__, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. __5__ people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that __6__ pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to __7__ with one another. Scientists have found that exposure __8__ this hormone puts us in a trusting __9__: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their __10__ who inhaled something else.__11__ for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may __12__ us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate __13__ a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each __14__ to an adult teste r holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look __15__. Half of them found a toy; the other half __16__ the container was empty-and realized the tester had __17__ them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were __18__ to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. __19__, only five of the 30 children paired with the “__20__” tester participated in a follow-up activity.1. [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from2. [A] faith [B] concern [C] attention [D] interest3. [A] benefit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price4. [A] Therefore [B] Then [C] Instead [D] Again5. [A] Until [B] Unless [C] Although [D] When6. [A] selects [B] produces [C] applies [D] maintains7. [A] consult [B] compete [C] connect [D] compare8. [A] at [B] by [C] of [D] to9. [A] context [B] mood [C] period [D] circle10. [A] counterparts [B] substitutes [C] colleagues [D] supporters11. [A] Funny [B] Lucky [C] Odd [D] Ironic12. [A] monitor [B] protect [C] surprise [D] delight13. [A] between [B] within [C] toward [D] over14. [A] transferred [B] added [C] introduced [D] entrusted15. [A] out [B] back [C] around [D] inside16. [A] discovered [B] proved [C] insisted [D] remembered17. [A] betrayed [B] wronged [C] fooled [D] mocked18. [A] forced [B] willing [C] hesitant [D] entitled19. [A] Incontrast [B] Asaresult [C] Onthewhole [D] Forinstance20. [A] inflexible [B] incapable [C] unreliable [D] unsuitable2019Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. __1__ of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones __2__ on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. __3__ you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you __4__ can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate __5__ to civilization, one of which is to follow the land.When you find yourself well __6__ a trail, but not in a completely __7__ area, you have to answer two questions: Which __8__ is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. __9__, if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should __10__ see signs of people.If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be __11__ how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.Another __12__: Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. __13__, even in dense forest, you should be able to __14__ gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve __15__ the woods. Head toward these __16__ to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for __17__ light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.__18__, assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the __19__ we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can __20__ you to civilization.1. [A] Some [B] Most [C] Few [D] All2. [A] put [B] take [C] run [D] come3. [A] Since [B] If [C] Though [D] Until4. [A] formally [B] relatively [C] gradually [D] literally5. [A] back [B] next [C] around [D] away6. [A] onto [B] off [C] across [D] alone7. [A] unattractive [B] uncrowded [C] unchanged [D] unfamiliar8. [A] site [B] point [C] way [D] place9. [A] So [B] Yet [C] Instead [D] Besides10. [A] immediately [B] intentionally [C] unexpectedly [D] eventually11. [A] surprised [B] annoyed [C] frightened [D] confused12. [A] problem [B] option [C] view [D] result13. [A] Above all [B] In contrast [C] On average [D] For example14. [A] bridge [B] avoid [C] spot [D] separate15. [A] from [B] through [C] beyond [D] under16. [A] posts [B] links [C] shades [D] breaks17. [A] artificial [B] mysterious [C] hidden [D] limited18. [A] Finally [B] Consequently [C] incidentally [D] Generally19. [A] memories [B] marks [C] notes [D] belongings20. [A] restrict [B] adopt [C] lead [D] expose2020Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. __1__ a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can __2__ it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this __3__ should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure __4__ to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has __5__ a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked __6__ high temperatures. This means that people should __7__ crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only __8__ toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? __9__ studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no __10__ evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is __11__ to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof __12__ the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is __13__ to follow the FSA advice. __14__ it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a __15__ Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be __16__ up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? __17__, the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods __18__, but reduce their lifetime intake. However its__19__ risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just __20__ with no one listening.1. [A] In [B] Towards [C] on [D] Till2. [A] match [B] express [C] satisfy [D] influence3. [A] patience [B] enjoyment [C] surprise [D] concem4. [A] intensified [B] privileged [C] compelled [D] guaranteed5. [A] issued [B] received [C] ignored [D] cancelled6. [A] under [B] at [C] for [D] by7. [A] forget [B] regret [C] finish [D] avoid8. [A] partially [B] regularly [C] easily [D] initially9. [A] Unless [B] Since [C] If [D] While10. [A] secondary [B] extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11. [A] insufficient [B] bound [C] likely [D] slow12. [A] On the basis of [B] At the cost of [C] In addition to [D] In contrast to13. [A] interesting [B] advisable [C] urgent [D] fortunate14. [A] As usual [B] In particular [C] By definition [D] After all15. [A] resemblance [B] combination [C] connection [D] pattern16. [A] made [B] served [C] saved [D] used17. [A] To be fair [B] For instance [C] To be brief [D] In general18. [A] reluctantly [B] entirely [C] gradually [D] carefully19. [A] promise [B] experience [C] campaign [D] competition20. [A] follow up [B] pick up [C] open up [D] end up201720182020。
考研英语(完形填空)-试卷79
考研英语（完形填空）-试卷79(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：A young consultant"s life is tiring. A【C1】______week starts before dawn on Monday, with a rush to the airport and a【C2】______to wherever the client is based. He can【C3】______to stay in hotels at least three nights a week, gorging on minibar peanuts and gloomily texting a(n) 【C4】______lover. "It"s quite【C5】______to spend a year living out of a suitcase," sighs one London-based consultant. So the job【C6】______to "insecure overachievers" —a phrase【C7】______used in the industry—"who are always worried that they haven"t done enough work," jokes a consultant. Some 60-65% of consultants are recent college-leavers. Most【C8】______out within a few years and take more settled jobs elsewhere in the business world, 【C9】______their experience and contacts【C10】______them to slot in several levels above their less-travelled【C11】______ . The elite consultancies have offices in big cities, which is where【C12】______young people want to live. The best-paid jobs are in places【C13】______London and New York. Such cities are also where the culture and dating opportunities are richest. Such attitudes are frustrating for firms in Portsmouth or Peoria. 【C14】______consultancies benefit from it They【C15】______bright young things in the metropolis and then hire out their brains to firms in the sticks. This is one 【C16】______why consultants have to travel so much. The system【C17】______, more or less, for everyone. Firms in the provinces get to【C18】______talent they could not【C19】______hire. And young consultants get to experience life in the real world before returning to the capital to party with their friends at the weekend. They have it all,【C20】______enough sleep.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.generalB.typical √C.particularD.unique解析：解析：文章第l句表明年轻咨询师的情况：劳累的(tiring)，接着开始叙述他们一周的工作和生活情况，由此判断，这里讲的是一般情况，typical"典型的，有代表性的”符合句意。
考研英语练习题
考研英语练习题一、完形填空（共10题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In recent years, the number of people who travel by air has increased rapidly. The first airplanes were not 1 comfortable as the planes we use today. They were 2 and could carry only a few passengers. But 3 the years, great improvements have been made, and now even the large airplanes are 4 to land and take off in a short distance. The 5 for this is that the design of the planes has been improved, and 6 engines are used in most modern airplanes.1. A. soB. veryC. asD. such2. A. smallB. largeC. heavyD. light3. A. afterB. duringC. overD. through4. A. ableB. likelyC. possibleD. probable5. A. reasonB. causeC. explanationD. argument6. A. twoB. doubleC. twinD. multiple二、阅读理解（共20题，每题2分，共40分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Passage 1The Internet has become an essential part of our daily lives, providing us with a wealth of information and services. However, it also brings some concerns, such as privacy issues and cybercrime. This passage discusses the impact of the Internet on our lives and the measures that can be taken to ensure a safe online experience.61. What is the main concern of the passage?A. The benefits of the Internet.B. The drawbacks of the Internet.C. The impact of the Internet on daily life.D. The measures to ensure online safety.62. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a concern related to the Internet?A. Privacy issues.B. Cybercrime.C. Access to information.D. Online security.Passage 2...Passage 3...Passage 4...三、翻译（共5题，每题3分，共15分）将下列句子从英语翻译成中文，并保持原句的意思准确无误。
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考研英语（完形填空）-试卷89(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ "You need an apartment alone even if it"s over a garage," declared Helen Gurley Brown in her 1962 bestseller "Sex and the Single Girl". To Brown, solo living afforded the【C1】______to cultivate the self, furnish the mind and work late, and so on. Young women【C2】______enjoy their best years without a(n) 【C3】______, she advised, as this not only【C4】______the foundation for stronger marriages【C5】______gave them a lifestyle to fall back on【C6】______they found themselves alone again. 【C7】______at the time, Brown"s counsel seems sensible now. Certainly both【C8】______have taken it to heart, marrying later, divorcing【C9】______and living alone in larger numbers than ever before.【C10】______little is known about the wider social【C11】______of this unprecedented boom, writes Eric Kli-nenberg, a sociologist at New York University. His new book "Going Solo" offers a【C12】______look at the lures and perils of living alone. Mr Klinenberg【C13】______those who see the rise of solo living as yet another【C14】______of the decline of civic society.【C15】______marriage is no longer the ticket to adulthood, a desire to live alone is perfectly 【C16】______, he writes. Young adults view it as a rite of passage, a period of personal growth before possibly【C17】______. Its cultural acceptance has helped to【C18】______women from bad marriages and oppressive families,【C19】______them a space to return to civic life. And as elderly adults live longer than ever before, often without a partner, many hope to stay【C20】______for as long as possible.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.reasonB.spaceC.timeD.tranquility(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.are toB.mightC.shouldD.must(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.spouseB.interferenceC.ambitionparison(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.engagedB.installedC.insertedid(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.orB.butC.andD.yet(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.so thatB.becauseC.in caseD.in order that(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.SensitiveB.SenselessC.SentimentalD.Sensational(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.sexesB.thoughtsC.suggestionsD.couples(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.unfairlyB.readilyC.suddenlyD.cautiously(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.For exampleB.EvenC.YetD.As a result(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.perspectivesB.conceptsC.expectationsD.effects(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）prehensiveplexplementarypensating(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.confronts withB.parts withplies withD.agrees with(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.signbelC.symptomD.mark(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.Except thatB.Provided thatC.Now thatD.So that(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.optionalB.reasonableC.validD.radical(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.setting asideB.calming downC.moving onD.settling down(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.raiseB.liberateC.transformD.deprive(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.passingB.supplyingC.entitlingD.granting(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.independentB.reliableC.flexibleD.positiveThe recent announcement that general practitioners(GPs)may send patients with depression away with the suggestion that they【C1】______a "mood-enhancing" book will have entranced some【C2】______left others bristling. When we set up our bibliotherapy service through The School of Life in 2008, our【C3】______was obvious: to show people that books, and【C4】______novels, not only have the【C5】______to lift spirits, but to【C6】______fundamental psychological shifts, healing and enriching the heart, the intellect and the soul in extraordinary ways. But you could【C7】______that someone with depression would【C8】______to make their way to the library,【C9】______put a spring in their stride, simply by the offer of some mood enhancing reads. One of the things we have found as biblio -therapists is that clients with depression【C10】______a therapeutic book require a very【C11】______prescription. Some may want a book that offers some escape—【C12】______case the odd English humour of Dodie Smith"s / Capture the Castle may【C13】______. But others may【C14】______with impatience to anything【C15】______seems too unlike real life. The majority of our clients do not come to us for【C16】______reasons; most come because they love reading, and in this day of publishing overload they want to be sure they use their reading time well. There are few greater pleasures in life than discovering a novel that【C17】______back a world you recognise—and yet takes you into a deeper experience of that world. And research has shown that reading can be highly effective in【C18】______stress. We find Henry James a 【C19】______way to order your mind when everything becomes too much—the literary【C20】______of Beethoven or Bach.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.buymentC.readD.write(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.orB.butC.soD.and(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.aimB.problemC.causeD.reason(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.remarkablyB.speciallyC.particularlyD.essentially(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.mightB.strengthC.vigorD.power(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.perfectB.effectC.reflectD.affect(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.remarkB.discussC.recallD.argue(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.struggleB.threatenC.happenD.tend(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.regardless ofB.rather thanC.despiteD.let alone(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.consultingB.inquiringC.seekingD.longing(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.individualisedB.generalisedC.familiarisedD.categorised(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.of whichB.from whichC.with whichD.in which(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.do the trickB.go vanishedC.set up a trickD.work out badly(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）plyB.respondC.interactD.correspond(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.howC.thatD.which(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.voluntaryB.chemicalC.financialD.medical(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.reflectsB.replacesC.recoversD.reproduces(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.finishingB.increasingC.reducingD.inducing(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.considerableB.reliableC.availableD.detrimental(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.sameB.equalityC.equivalentD.icon。