高考英语二轮复习与策略第1部分专题3阅读理解类型4人物介绍讲练

类型4| 人物介绍

考查要点方法技巧

1.人物最显著的性格、品德特征。

2．人物的重大、有影响的经历。

3．人物最杰出的功绩、贡献、成就。

4．人物成长的时代背景。

1.把握事件发生的时间、空间及顺序。

2．理清事情发生的背景、起因、过程及结果。

3．感悟人物的情感和心理活动。

(2016·全国乙卷·A)

You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams(1860－1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson (1907－1964)

If it weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day O'Connor (1930－present)

When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and，in 1981，the first woman to join the U．S.Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks (1913－2005)

On December 1，1955，in Montgomery，Alabama，Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civil－rights movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in，” said

Parks.

21．What is Jane Addams noted for in history?

A．Her social work. B．Her teaching skills.

C．Her efforts to win a prize. D．Her community background.

22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?

A．Her lack of proper training in law.

B．Her little work experience in court.

C．The discrimination against women.

D．The poor financial conditions.

23．Who made a great contribution to the civil－rights movement in the U．S.?

A．Jane Addams. B．Rachel Carson.

C．Sandra Day O'Connor. D．Rosa Parks.

24．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

A．They are highly educated. B．They are truly creative.

C．They are pioneers. D．They are peace－lovers.

语篇解读：本文主要介绍了100年以来历史上四位在不同领域做出杰出贡献的女性先驱。

长难句解读：If it weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.

分析：本句为含有条件状语从句的复合句，使用了虚拟语气。

翻译：如果不是Rachel Carson的话，今天的环保活动就可能不会存在。

21．A[细节理解题。根据Jane Addams下的第一句话“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何一个受到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams)”可知，在历史上，Jane Addams以她的社会工作而出名，故选A 项。]

22．C[细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O'Connor下的第一句中“she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman”可知，她没能在法律事务所找到工作，是因为她是一名女性，这与C项“对于女性的歧视”相符，故选C项。]

23．D[细节理解题。根据Rosa Parks下的“...it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civil－rights movement.”可知，它导致了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动，这场运动持续了一年多，开始了民权运动，故选D 项。]

24．C[推理判断题。通读全文可知文中提到的这几位女性都是不同领域的先驱，都在各自领域中做出了巨大贡献，故选C项。]