训练4

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作文训练(4)——议论性散文写作指导

三、议论性散文的特点
1、抒情真挚感人；见文8、文12 2、思想深刻具体；见文9 3、内容广征博引。见文3、文4
四、议论性散文的写法
(一)程式化的结构框架见文1、文2、文7 四类八项：
①总分总 1.总分总式 ②总分（分总）
2.对比式 3.递近式
③正反对比 ④先后对比 ⑤层层递进 ⑥是什么为什么怎么办 ⑦提出问题分析问题解决问题
4.读后感式 ⑧引议联结
……
(二)散文化的文学笔法
1.拟人比喻；见文4 2.整散结合；见文4、文7、文8、文11 3.情理结合；见文5、文8、文9 4.描写细腻；见文1、文6、文9 5.广征博引。见文3、文4 □□□□□只是恰如一只落了水的猫，扑腾着呛了几口污水，仓惶地爬上岸，抖索身上的冷水，等着几缕阳光的抚慰。然后走进我这个充满 □□□□□□□□□□。 ——□□□《一封没有发出的信》
五、议论性散文易出现的失误
1.中心论点的迷失； 2.文体不文字，根据要求写一篇不少于 800 字的议论性散文。《老子》第二十二章说：“曲则全，枉则直，洼则盈，敝则新”；又说：“夫唯不争，故天下莫能与之争。”意思就是说：“委曲就会保全，弯曲就会伸直，低洼就会充盈，破旧就会更新”；“因为不与人相争，所以没有谁能争过他。”有人说，《老子》讲无为而治，其实讲的也是为人的道理。要求全面理解材料，但可以选择一个侧面、一个角度构思作文。自主确定立意，确定文体，确定标题；不要脱离材料的含意作文，不要套作，不要抄袭。
文学应当敞开心扉，为自由和真理而呐喊。
议论性散文写作指导
湛江市第二中学刘大国
一、散文的种类
叙事性散文、写景性散文、抒情性散文、议论性散文。
二、何为议论性散文

四年级基础训练题4

基础训练
四年级(4) 姓名
一, 给动物安家
厩窝棚窟巢洞池潭穴
鸡( ) 马( ) 虎( ) 牛( )
狗( ) 狼( ) 鱼( ) 龙( ) 蟹( )二, 在括号里填上各种标点符号.
标点符号很重要, 组成文章不可少.
意思未完用( ), 一句完了用( ).
喜怒哀乐用( ), 提出问题用( ).
并列词语用( ), 并列分句用( ).
提出下文用( ), 对话引文用( ).
书句篇句,报刊名,前后加上( ).
说话断, 想省略, 可以加个( ).
三,在括号里填动物的名称组语.
( )牙交错如( )得水飞( )扑火 ( )目寸光呆若木( ) ( )头( )面单枪匹( ) 指( )为马( )( )不堪闻( )起舞对( )弹琴 ( )( )不宁亡( )补牢如( )添翼画( )点睛
四, 缩写句子
1. 翠绿的树枝上一支一支地点着明晃晃的蜡烛.
2. 松鼠的一条笔茸茸的大尾巴总是向上翘着.
3. 新开发的”绿色食品”受到广大人民群众的欢迎.
家长意见：我的自评：教师评价：。

训练四步骤

一、准备工作1、复习服务员工作站训练考核卡。

2、检查所需之训练材料（录影带、训练考核卡、训练员指导、产品品质对照图、设备等）3、训练区域的整洁4、仔细思考训练时应注意的重点和准备好最近三个月自己曾经做过的与即将带训工作站相关的“为客疯狂”事例5、依据需要，自我练习正确的程序6、引导被训练者保持愉快自在的心情并乐于学习7、工作站简介让被训练者了解该工作站的重要性介绍工作站地点、设备、原料和表格放置之位置二、示范说明1、说明学习此一工作站的训练流程2、播放录影带，利用暂停说明重点3、利用训练考核卡，共同复习，逐步讨论，利用训练员指导强调重点，解答问题4、强调人身安全的重要性5、强调清洁消毒和随手清洁的重要性6、对机器设备表现出爱护维护的态度，并说明设备爱护使用的重要性7、示范正确程序，利用训练考核卡，一次一个步骤，并解释该动作原因8、鼓励发问，并清楚解说9、示范技巧A、集中对方注意力B、说话时注视对方，语气、表情应真诚友善，让对方感到自在C、说话清析D、运用要求对方重复工作程序，以确定对方确实了解内容程序10、分享最近三个月自己所做的与所带训工作站相关的“为客疯狂”事例三、练习1、让被训练者自己亲手做，训练员在一旁提示指导2、观察被训练者是否遵循所有的清洁消毒及安全程序3、观察被训练者在训练操作过程中所展现的“为客疯狂”行为，并准备在练习结束时提供回馈4、赞赏鼓励其良好的表现5、发现错误立即修正，必要时再次示范特定步骤6、以提问方式强调操作重点7、让对方持续练习，逐步减少指导，直到所有步骤程序可正确的连贯为止8、训练员在每天练习结束时请被训练者讲出在被训练的工作站可以做些什么来体现"为客疯狂”四、追踪考核1、提问题或要求对方重复步骤重点，已判断被训练者对工作站的程序及标准的了解程序（使用开放式问题）2、在训练检定时，利用训练考核卡逐步检查被检定人员的操作程序，并确认所有的步骤是否百分之百的符合标准3、如有错误则给予指导，必要时则重复示范说明或指导练习步骤4、程序检定完成后，以口头提出至少五个以上的相关问题，例如：保存期限、温度设定、清洁消毒、人身安全等提问，以确认对方有正确的认识5、操作过程确认百分之百的标准后，应在“工作区段训练追踪考核卡”上的“训练检定”栏签名6、“为客疯狂”行为检定检定被训练者在操作过程中是否展现“为客疯狂”行为，并对展现出的行为给予肯定请被训练者讲出在被训练工作站能做些什么“为客疯狂”行为？7、过程中对于被训练者的进步及成功应给予正面的肯定8、鼓励被训练者经常阅读训练考核卡等资料，以持续的维持标准操作。

高考英语二轮短文类训练(4) 及答案或解析

德阳市2019高考英语二轮短文类训练（4）及答案或解析Dolphins (海豚) are not fish，but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups，and speak to each other in their own language. In this they are like other animals，such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own，and they live a long time--at least twenty or thirty years.Like some animals，dolphins use sound to help them find their way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds，but the lower part of the mouth，called the jaw.Strangely，dolphins seem to like man，and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand，they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 19典型例题met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 19典型例题assenger on a boat called The penguin shot and wounded Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area except for The penguin.Today，some people continue to kill dolphins，but manycountries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.1. Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they_______.A. live in groupsB. have large brainsC. are warm-bloodedD. have their own language答案：B 指导：根据第一段最后两句话可知，海豚区别于几乎所有的陆地动物，是因为它们的大脑几乎和人类的一样大而且生活时间长。

[转载]视觉能力训练方法（4）视觉专注力训练

[转载]视觉能⼒训练⽅法（4）视觉专注⼒训练原⽂地址：视觉能⼒训练⽅法(4)视觉专注⼒训练作者：fengshuxia197557●初级阶段训练孩⼦的视觉注视和追踪⼒。

⾸先让孩⼦学习视觉专注的第⼀步——注意⼒指向性。

注视训练⽬的：训练孩⼦的视觉专注⼒。

★训练⽬的训练⽅法：（1）伸出⾷指放在孩⼦眼前约 30厘⽶处，让其注视。

（2）让孩⼦注视家长⼿⾥的东西。

（3）让孩⼦凝视家★训练⽅法：长的眼睛，与家长对视。

（4）让孩⼦注视镜中⾃⼰的眼睛。

★训练要求：训练要求：注视时间越长越好。

数字变位训练⽬的：训练孩⼦的视觉专注⼒，培养孩⼦的视觉记忆⼒。

★训练⽬的训练⽅法：在纸板上顺序贴出由1-10个数字，让孩⼦观察并认识这些数字，然后让他转过⾝去，把个别数字交换位置或者取⾛，再让他转回⾝来，迅速说出哪个数字变了们或者已被取⾛。

●中级阶段训练孩⼦在活动中视觉中视觉的跟随能⼒和集中、持续的能⼒。

接抛球训练⽬的：训练孩⼦的视觉注意⼒；训练孩⼦的⼿眼协调能⼒和肌⾁动作能⼒。

★训练⽬的训练⽅法：家长和孩⼦互相接抛球。

★训练⽅法卷⽑线、搭积⽊★训练⽬的训练⽬的：训练孩⼦的视觉注意⼒；培养孩⼦的⼿眼协调及⼩肌⾁动作能⼒。

训练⽅法：（1）让孩⼦帮妈妈把⼀捆⽑线卷成⼀个线团。

（2）让孩⼦搭积⽊，摆出⾃⼰喜欢的形状。

★训练⽅法剪纸训练⽬的：训练孩⼦的视觉专注⼒；训练孩⼦的⼿眼协调⼒及⼩肌⾁动作能⼒。

★训练⽬的训练⽅法：（1）让孩⼦剪出⽅形、三⾓形、圆形等图形。

（2）让孩⼦剪出较复杂的镂空剪纸。

★训练⽅法：穿珠训练⽬的：训练孩⼦的视觉专注⼒；训练孩⼦的⼿眼协调⼒及⼩肌⾁动作能⼒。

★训练⽬的：训练⽅法：准备⼀根细线和30个⼩捻珠，让孩⼦⽤细线把珠⼦穿起来★训练⽅法●⾼级阶段训练孩⼦视觉专注⼒的分配和转移，帮助孩⼦进⼀步完善视觉能⼒。

复述图画训练⽬的：训练孩⼦的视觉专注⼒和视觉记忆⼒。

给孩⼦看⼀张或⼀组有趣的图画，然后移开，让他复述所见图画的内★训练⽬的容。

4种经典的力量训练

4种经典的力量训练33691人喜欢力量训练主要是无氧运动，但我们可以通过循环练习的方式使之兼具有氧运动的优点，可将无氧代谢产生的乳酸再次分解利用，减少肌肉不适感。

除此之外，还有一个重要因素，就是动作的标准性。

我们必须知道的是，十次不标准的动作不如一次标准动作的效果好。

力量训练中不要因为动作完成吃力，就借用身体其他部位协助以求完成更重更多。

这种借力行为容易导致运动损伤，同时也因为没有让目标肌肉群得到足够的锻炼而导致运动效果大打折扣。

力量训练的注意事项我们要选择适合自己瘦身目标的力量训练，坚持每周3-4次，不可天天进行。

因为肌肉恢复期为48～72小时，在肌肉没有完全恢复之前再继续锻炼同一块肌肉是没有效果的，甚至会适得其反，影响锻炼效果。

力量运动的时间段选择是比较自由的，但跟有氧运动一样需要注意与进餐时间和休息时间的配合：①早晨：运动前30～60分钟吃100克碳水化合物，少许牛奶。

②上午：早饭一个半小时以后。

③下午：午饭2小时后或晚饭两小时前开始，运动前30～60分钟吃100克碳水化合物。

④晚间：晚饭后一个半小时以后，运动结束要离睡觉一个小时以上。

力量训练除了可以增强肌肉的强度，增加瘦肉组织，还能使新陈代谢率提高15%，对于减轻体重或长期保持体重都有非常大的帮助。

接下来的课程将从动力性训练和静力性训练两个角度推荐适合女性朋友的力量训练。

小结：通过学习本课程，相信你已经知道以下几点：•力量训练能帮助我们提高基础代谢率BMR，有利于渡过平台期。

•力量训练不一定会增加肌肉围度，练出发达的肌肉。

•力量训练要适时适量，会让我们更紧致。

经典动力性训练从字面理解，动力性训练就是用肉眼能很直观的看见肌肉伸缩的运动。

更专业的定义就是指肌肉收缩时肌长度缩短的练习。

以下推荐的动力性训练是针对身体各部位的典型动作，可徒手或利用轻器械在家中完成。

1、肩部——三角肌①臂举：站姿或坐姿，臂微屈，向各方向举臂，次数组数根据表1选择。

偏瘫康复训练计划4篇

偏瘫康复训练计划4篇偏瘫的康复训练偏瘫的定义：偏瘫是指因脑外血管意外、脑外伤、脑肿瘤等原因所导致的以半侧肢体运动功能障碍为主要表现的一种常见的疾病，同时可伴有失语、失认、情绪低落和视物不全等症状。

一、常见障碍1、运动障碍运动障碍是指偏瘫一侧是上下肢不能活动，活动空难或不灵活。

2、感觉障碍感觉障碍常常表现为偏袒肢体的疼痛、麻木。

有些患者的疼痛和冷热感觉全部丧失，热水袋烫伤了皮肤也毫无感觉。

3、语言___言语障碍有一部分偏瘫患者，尤其是右侧偏瘫患者(脑的左半球有病变)，说话或交谈时常常发生以下某一种或几种情况：(1) 患者说话不清楚，即所谓口齿不清。

(2) 患者说不出话，或像打电报那样断断续续地说出几个单字。

(3) 患者听不懂亲人说的话，成为感觉失语症。

(4) 患者有时既说不出话，又听不懂别人说的话。

(5) 患者写字困难或不能写字，甚至连自己的名字也不会写。

(6) 患者看着字不会读。

医学上称为失读症，或称阅读障碍。

4、认知障碍认知是一个人认识和理解事物过程的总称，包括识别、记忆、思维、推理等。

认识障碍常常表现为以下几个方面：(1) 辨别不清当时是上午还是下午。

时间定向障碍(2) 辨别不清当时所处的地点。

地点定向障碍(3) 对病前所熟悉的人现在也不认识了。

人物定向障碍(4) 反应冷漠、精力不集中。

注意障碍(5) 丢三落四，前面说了后面忘。

记忆障碍5、情绪障碍患者可以表现为不言不语，也可以表现为吵闹不安，甚至哭叫不休，情绪很不稳定。

6、能力下降(1) 日常生活活动能力下降，甚至丧失，常常表现为吃饭喝水要人喂，洗脸刷牙要人帮着做，自己不能洗澡、穿衣、穿鞋，大小便全靠别人帮助。

(2) 行走困难，走路一拐一拐的，有的患者需要别人扶着走或者两个人架着胳膊走，严重者则完全不能行走。

(3) 上下楼梯困难，一部分患者虽然能够行走，但上下楼梯困难或者根本不能上下楼梯。

(4) 不能使用日常简单的工具，如不能打电话、不能打伞、不能剪指甲等。

偏瘫康复训练计划4篇

一、常见障碍1、运动障碍运动障碍是指偏瘫一侧是上下肢不能活动，活动空难或不灵活。

2、感觉障碍感觉障碍常常表现为偏袒肢体的疼痛、麻木。

有些患者的疼痛和冷热感觉全部丧失，热水袋烫伤了皮肤也毫无感觉。

(2)患者说不出话，或像打电报那样断断续续地说出几个单字。

(3)患者听不懂亲人说的话，成为感觉失语症。

(4)患者有时既说不出话，又听不懂别人说的话。

(5)患者写字困难或不能写字，甚至连自己的名字也不会写。

(6)患者看着字不会读。

医学上称为失读症，或称阅读障碍。

4、认知障碍认知是一个人认识和理解事物过程的总称，包括识别、记忆、思维、推理等。

认识障碍常常施展阐发为以下几个方面：(1)辨别不清当时是上午还是下午。

时间定向障碍(2)辨别不清当时所处的地点。

地点定向障碍(3)对病前所熟悉的人现在也不认识了。

人物定向障碍(4)反应冷漠、精力不集中。

注意障碍(5)丢三拉四，前面说了后面忘。

记忆障碍5、情绪障碍患者可以施展阐发为不言不语，也可以施展阐发为吵闹不安，甚至哭叫不休，情绪很不不乱。

6、能力降落(1)日常生活活动能力下降，甚至丧失，常常表现为吃饭喝水要人喂，洗脸刷牙要人帮着做，自己不能洗澡、穿衣、穿鞋，大小便全靠别人匡助。

(2)行走困难，走路一拐一拐的，有的患者需要别人扶着走大概两个人架着胳膊走，严重者则完全不能行走。

(3)上下楼梯困难，一部分患者虽然能够行走，但上下楼梯困难或者根本不能上下楼梯。

(4)不能使用日常简单的工具，如不能打电话、不能打伞、不能剪指甲等。

四级真题——阅读训练(4

四级真题——阅读训练（4.1）队别： [填空题] *请输入数字Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage -with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The quiet heroism of mail delivery[A]On Wednesday, a polar wind brought bitter cold to the Midwest. Overnight, Chicago reached a low of 21 degrees Fahrenheit below zero, making it slightly colder than Antarctica （南极洲），Alaska, and the North Pole. Wind chills were 64 degrees below zero in Park Rapids, Minnesota and 45 degrees below zero in Buffalo, North Dakota, according to the National Weather Service. Schools, restaurants, and businesses closed, and more than 1,000 flights were canceled.[B]Even the United States Postal Service （USPS） suspended mail delivery. "Due to this arctic outbreak and concerns for the safety of USPS employees/9 USPS announced Wednesday morning, "the Postal Service is suspending delivery Jan. 30 in some 3-digit ZIP Code locations." Twelve regions were listed as unsafe on Wednesday, on Thursday, eight remained.[C]As global surface temperatures increase, so does the likelihood of extreme weather. In 2018 alone, wildfires, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, mudslides, and other natural disasters cost at least $49 billion in the United States. As my colleague Vann Newkirk reported, Puerto Rico is still confronting economic and structural destruction andresource scarcity from 2017's Hurricane Maria. Natural disasters can wreck a community 5s infrastructure, disrupting systems for months or years. Some services, however, remind us that life will eventually return, in some form, to normal.[D]Days after the deadly 2017 wildfires in Santa Rosa, California, a droned无人机）caught footage （连续镜头）of a USPS worker, Trevor Smith, driving through burned homes in that familiar white van, collecting mail in an affected area. The video is striking: The operation is familiar, but the scene looks like the end of the world. According to Rae Aim Haight, the program manager for the national-preparedness office at USPS, Smith was fulfilling a request made by some of the home owners to pick up any mail that was left untouched. For Smith, this was just another day on the job. "I followed my route like I normally do,” Smith told a reporter. As I came across a box that was up but with no house, I checked, and there was mail—outgoing mail—in it. And so we picked those up and carried on.“"[E]USPS has sophisticated emergency plans for natural disasters. Across the country,285 emergency management teams are devoted to crisis control. These teams are trained annually using a framework known as the three Ps: people, property, product. After mail service stops due to weather, the agency's top priority is ensuring that employees are safe. Then it evaluates the health of infrastructure, such as the roads that mail carriers drive on. Finally, it decides when and how to re-open operations. If the destruction is extreme, mail addressed to the area will get sent elsewhere. In response to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, USPS redirected incoming New Orleans mail to existing mail facilities in Houston. Mail that was already processed in New Orleans facilities was moved to an upper floor so it would be protected from water damage.[F]As soon as it's safe enough to be outside, couriers｛由K递员）start distributing accumulated mail on the still-accessible routes. USPS urges those without standing addresses to file change-of-address forms with their new location. After Hurricane Katrina hit in 2005, mail facilities were set up in dozens of locations across the country in the two weeks that USPS was unable to provide street delivery.[G]Every day, USPS processes, on average, 493.4 million pieces of mail一anything from postcards to Social Security checks to medicine. Spokespeople from both USPS and UPS told me all mail is important. But some mail can be extremely sensitive and timely. According to data released in January 2017, 56 percent of bills are paid online, which means that just under half of payments still rely on delivery services to be completed.[H]It can be hard to identify which parcels are carrying crucial items such as Social Security checks, but USPS and UPS try their best to prioritize sensitive material. They will coordinate with the Social Security Administration to make sure that Social Security checks reach the right people in a timely fashion. After Hurricane Florence and Hurricane Michael last fall, USPS worked with state and local election boards to make sure that absentee ballots were available and received or time.[I]Mail companies are logistics (3iE) companies, which puts them in a special position to help when disaster strikes. In a 2011 USPS case study, the agency emphasized its massive infrastructure as a "unique federal asset" to be called upon in a disaster or terrorist attack. "I think we're unique as a federal agency," USPS official Mike Swigart told me, "because we're in literally every community in this country... We're obligated to deliver to that point on a daily basis."[J]Private courier companies, which have more dollars to spend, use their expertise in logistics to help revitalize damaged areas after a disaster. For more than a decade, FedEx has supported the American Red Cross in its effort to get emergency supplies to areas affected by disasters, both domestically and internationally. In 2012, the company distributed more than 1,200 MedPacks to Medical Reserve Corps groups in California. They also donated space for 3.1 million pounds of charitable shipping globally. Last October, the company pledged $1 million in cash and transportation support for Hurricanes Florence and Michael. UPS's charitable arm, the UPS Foundation, uses the company5 s logistics to help disaster-struck areas rebuild. "We realize that as a company with people, trucks, warehouses, we needed to play a larger role： said Eduardo Martinez,the president of the UPS Foundation, The company employs its trucks and planes to deliver food, medicine, and water. The day before I spoke to Martinez in November, he had beer touring the damage from Hurricane Michael in Florida with the American Red Cross. “We have an obligation to make sure our communities are thriving,9, he said.[K]Rebuilding can take a long time, and even then, impressions of the disaster may still remain. Returning to a normal life can be difficult, but some small routines—mail delivery being one of them—may help residents remember that their communities arestill their communities. "When they see that carrier back out on the street,5, Swigart said, “that's the first sign to them that life is starting to return to normal.”36.The United States Postal Service has a system to ensure its employees' safety. [单选题] *ABCDE(正确答案)FGHIJK37.One official says USPS is unique in that it has more direct reach to communities compared with other federal agencies. [单选题] *ABCEFGHI(正确答案)JK38.Natural disasters can have a long-lasting impact on community life. [单选题] *ABC(正确答案)DEFGHIJK39.Mail delivery service is still responsible for the completion of almost half of payments. [单选题] *ABCDFG(正确答案)HIJK40.The sight of a mailman on the street is a reassuring sign of life becoming normal again. [单选题] *ABCDEFGHIJK(正确答案)41.After Hurricane Katrina interrupted routine delivery, temporary mail service points were set up. [单选题] *ABCDF(正确答案)GHIJK42.Postal service in some regions in the U.S. was suspended due to extreme cold weather. [单选题] *AB(正确答案)CDEFGHIJK43.Private postal companies also support disaster relief efforts by disstributing urgent supplies. [单选题] *ABCDFGHIJ(正确答案)K44.A dedicated USPS employee was on the job carrying out duties in spite of extreme conditions. [单选题] *ABCD(正确答案)EFGHIJK45.Postal services work hard to identify items that require priority treatment. [单选题] * ABCDEGH(正确答案)IJKPassage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech's online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn't enough to deal with the overwhelming number of daily questions from students.Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn't too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments, and sufficient time, Jill was able to answer the students9 questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn't know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn't tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn't inform them about Jill's true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.The goal of Professor GoeFs virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will, of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of artificial intelligence than, say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.46.What do we learn about Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence ? [单选题] *A)It is a robot that can answer students' questions.B)It is a course designed for students to learn online.(正确答案)C)It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.D)It is a computer program that aids student learning.47 .What problem did Professor Goel meet with ? [单选题] *A)His students were unsatisfied with the assistants.B)His course was too difficult for the students.C)Students9 questions were too many to handle.(正确答案)D)Too many students dropped out of his course.48.What do we learn about Jill Watson ? [单选题] *A) She turned out to be a great success.(正确答案)B) She got along pretty well with students.C) She was unwelcome to students at first.D) She was released online as an experiment.49.How did the students feel about Jill Watson? [单选题] *A) They thought she was a bit too artificial.B) They found her not as capable as expected.C) They could not but admire her knowledge.D) They could not tell her from a real person.(正确答案)50. What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson? [单选题] *A)Launch different versions of her online.B)Feed her with new questions and answers.C)Assign her to answer more of students9 questions.(正确答案)D)Encourage students to interact with her more freely.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Thinking small, being engaging, and having a sense of humor don't hurt. Those are a few of the traits of successful science crowdfunding efforts that emerge from a recent study that examined nearly 400 campaigns. But having a large network and some promotional skills may be more crucial.Crowdfunding, raising money for a project through online appeals, has taken off in recent years for everything from making movies to producing water-saving gadgets. Scientists have tried to tap Internet donors, too, with mixed success. Some raised more than twice their goals, but others have fallen short of reaching even modest targets.To determine what separates science crowdfunding triumphs from failures, a team led by science communications scholar Mike Schafer of the University of Zurich examined the content of the webpages for 371 recent campaigns.Four traits stood out for those that achieved their goals, the researchers report in Public Understanding of Science. For one, they use a crowdfunding platform that specializes in raising money for science, and not just any kind of project. Although sites like Kickstarter take all comers, platforms such as Experiment, com and Petridish. org only present scientific projects. For another, they present the project with a funny video because good visuals and a sense of humor improved success. Most of them engage with potential donors, since projects that answered questions from interested donors fared better. And they target a small amount of money. The projects included in the study raised $4000 on average, with 30% receiving less than $1000. The more money a project sought, the lower the chance it reached its goal, the researchers found.Other factors may also significantly influence a project's success, most notably, the size of a scientist's personal and professional networks, and how much a researcherpromotes a project on their own. Those two factors are by far more critical than the content on the page. Crowdfunding can be part of researchers5 efforts to reach the public, and people give because "they feel a connection to the person" who is doing the fundraising—not necessarily to the science.51.What do we learn about the scientists trying to raise money online for their projects? [单选题] *A)They did not raise much due to modest targets.B)B) They made use of mixed fundraising strategies.C)Not all of them achieved their anticipated goals.(正确答案)D)D) Most of them put movies online for the purpose.52.What is the purpose of Mike Schafer's research of recent crowdfunding campaigns? [单选题] *A)To create attractive content for science websites.B)B) To identify reasons for their different outcomes.(正确答案)C)To help scientists to launch innovative projects.D)D) To separate science projects from general ones.53.What trait contributes to the success of a crowdfunding campaign? [单选题] *A)The potential benefit to future generations.B)B) Its interaction with prospective donors.(正确答案)C)Its originality in addressing financial issues.D)D) The value of the proposed project.54.What did the researchers think of the financial targets of crowdfunding projects? [单选题] *A)They should be small to be successful.(正确答案)B)B) They should be based on actual needs.C)They should be assessed with great care.D)D) They should be ambitious to gain notice.55.What motivates people to donate in a crowdfunding campaign ? [单选题] *A)The ease of access to the content of the webpage.B)Their desire to contribute to the cause of science.C)The significance and influence of the project itselfD)Their feeling of connection to the scientists themselves.(正确答案)。

运动训练学4-5章

运动训练学4-5章第四章运动训练的基本原则P90训练规律:是运动训练系统内部各构成因素之间，以及它们与系统外部各相关因素之间在结构与功能上的本质联系和发展的必然趋势。

训练规律中带有普遍意义的基本规律⼜称训练原理。

训练原则是依据运动训练活动的客观规律⽽确定的组织运动训练所必须遵循的基本准则，是运动训练活动客观规律的反映，对运动训练实践具有普遍指导意义。

指导运动训练实践的训练原则:1竞技需要原则；2动机激励原则；3有效控制原则；4系统训练原则；5周期安排原则；6适宜负荷原则；7区别对待原则；8直观教练原则；9适时恢复原则。

第⼀节竞技需要原则P91⼀、竞技需要原则释义竞技需要原则即指根据提⾼运动员竞技能⼒及运动成绩的需要，从实战出发，科学安排训练的阶段划分及训练的内容、⽅法、⼿段和负荷等因素的训练原则。

⼆、竞技需要原则的科学基础:a训练⽬标对训练活动的重要导向作⽤。

b专项竞技需要的特异性。

c现代训练的专项化发展趋向。

三、贯彻竞技需要原则的训练学要点:a要围绕运动训练的基本⽬标，全⾯安排好训练和⽐赛。

b正确分析专项竞技能⼒的结构特点。

C按照竞技的需要确定负荷内容和⼿段。

D注意负荷内容的合理结构。

第⼆节动机激励原则P94⼀、动机激励原则释义动机激励原则:是指通过多种⽅法和途径，激发运动员主动从事艰苦训练的动机和⾏为的训练原则。

⼆、动机激励原则的科学基础:a成功动机是运动参训的重要原动⼒b竞技训练的长期性和艰苦性要求不断地激励运动员的参训动机。

三、贯彻动机激励原则的训练学要点:a加强训练的⽬的性教育和正确价值观教育。

B满⾜运动员合理的需要。

C激发运动员参与训练和⽐赛的兴趣。

D发挥运动员在训练⼯作中的主体作⽤。

E注意教练员⾃⾝的榜样作⽤f注意正确地运⽤动⼒。

第三节有效控制原则P97⼀、有效控制原则释义有效控制原则:是指要求对运动训练活动实施有效控制的训练原则。

⼆、有效控制原则的科学基础:a运动训练过程的多变性要求对其实施有效的控制。

运动训练学-4-5章

第四章运动训练的基本原则P90训练规律:是运动训练系统内部各构成因素之间，以及它们与系统外部各相关因素之间在结构与功能上的本质联系和发展的必然趋势。

训练规律中带有普遍意义的基本规律又称训练原理。

训练原则是依据运动训练活动的客观规律而确定的组织运动训练所必须遵循的基本准则，是运动训练活动客观规律的反映，对运动训练实践具有普遍指导意义。

第一节竞技需要原则P91一、竞技需要原则释义竞技需要原则即指根据提高运动员竞技能力及运动成绩的需要，从实战出发，科学安排训练的阶段划分及训练的内容、方法、手段和负荷等因素的训练原则。

二、竞技需要原则的科学基础:a训练目标对训练活动的重要导向作用。

b专项竞技需要的特异性。

c现代训练的专项化发展趋向。

三、贯彻竞技需要原则的训练学要点:a要围绕运动训练的基本目标，全面安排好训练和比赛。

b正确分析专项竞技能力的结构特点。

C按照竞技的需要确定负荷内容和手段。

D注意负荷内容的合理结构。

第二节动机激励原则P94一、动机激励原则释义动机激励原则:是指通过多种方法和途径，激发运动员主动从事艰苦训练的动机和行为的训练原则。

二、动机激励原则的科学基础:a成功动机是运动参训的重要原动力b竞技训练的长期性和艰苦性要求不断地激励运动员的参训动机。

三、贯彻动机激励原则的训练学要点:a加强训练的目的性教育和正确价值观教育。

B满足运动员合理的需要。

C激发运动员参与训练和比赛的兴趣。

D发挥运动员在训练工作中的主体作用。

E注意教练员自身的榜样作用f注意正确地运用动力。

第三节有效控制原则P97一、有效控制原则释义有效控制原则:是指要求对运动训练活动实施有效控制的训练原则。

二、有效控制原则的科学基础:a运动训练过程的多变性要求对其实施有效的控制。

初四阅读训练及答案4

1Large cities are good places to live in. There are many interesting things to see and to do. You can find different kinds of cinemas, restaurants, hotels and factories. You can also go shopping to buy things from all over the world.But there are a lot of problems in large cities. Every. year many people move to the cities because there are many chances to find jobs to study at good schools. But sometimes these people cannot find work or a good place to live in. Also, too many people in a small space will make it hard to keep the cities safe and clean. Some people enjoy living in large cities, others do not. Before people move to a large city, they should think about the problems of living there.1. You can always find ________in large cities.A. good places to build housesB. interesting things to see and to doC. there are not many peopleD. there are no good schools2. Many people move to large cities to________ every year.A. think about the problemsB. find good cinemasC. keep the cities cleanD. find jobs3. It is ________ to keep the cities safe and clean when there are too many people in them.A. difficultB. expensiveC. interestingD. serious4. People should think about the problems of living in big cities before they ________.A. find a good jobB. study at a good schoolC. move to big citiesD. find interesting things2Bill Clinton took office (就职) on January 20, 1993 and became the 42nd USA president (总统). He was the first USA president who was born after World War II (二次世界大战). He was also one of the youngest of MI USA presidents.Clinton was born in a poor family in 1946. Three months before he was born, his father, William Blats, died. When he was young, his mother remarried (再婚) Norger Clinton, so the boy's family name was changed.In the summer of 1963, Clinton was asked to visit the city of Washington D. C. During his visit, he met President Kennedy in the White House. At that time, he wanted to become a president, and then he was!1. When Clinton became the 42nd USA president, he was_____________.A. thirtyB. about fortyC. forty-sevenD. thirty-seven2. Clinton' s father died_____________.A. after 1946B. before Clinton was bornC. before World War IID. when Clinton was young3. Why was the boy's family name changed?A. Because he became a president.B. Because his family was very poor.C. Because his father was dead.D. Because his mother remarried Norger Clinton.4. In 1963 Clinton came to the city of Washington D. C__________.A. to take part in an examB. for his holidaysC. for a visitD. to have a meeting with Kennedy1.B2.D3.A4.C 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.C3A good reader is very much like a ,driver. He must change his reading speed to fit (适应) what he is reading and what he is reading for, just as a driver does to fit the road situation.A good reader may read at 1,000 WPM(每分钟......词)when he looks for something for a report in the library. But once he finds what he needs, he may slow down to 100 WPM. A good reader may read newspapers and story books at 600 WPM. But he may read his science or math books at 150 WPM. Just as a driver has a wide change of driving speed, so a good reader has a wide change of reading speed.1. The writer thinks that a good reader can __________.A. read at 1,000 WPMB. read as fast as he canC. spend more time readingD. change the reading speed as he needs2. decides the speed of reading.A. How many b6oks he is readingB. What he is reading forC. Where he is readingD. When he is reading3. A good reader may read fastest______________.A. when he reads newspapers and story booksB. when he reads something most useful to himC. when he is trying to work out a math problemD. when he is trying to find something for his report4. The word "once" in the passage means___________.A. one timeB. onlyC. as soon asD. at once5. Which is the best title for this passage?A. The Importance Of Having Different Reading SpeedB. The Difference Between Driving And ReadingC. The Best Way Of Fast ReadingD. A Good Reader And His Reading Speed4Do you know something about tree rings(车轮)? Do you know they can tell us what the weather was like, sometimes even hundreds of years ago?A tree will grow well in a climate(气候)with lots of sunshine and rainfall (雨量). And little sunshine or rainfall will limit (限制) the growth of a tree. We can see the change of climate by studying the tree rings. For example, to find out the weather of' ten years ago, count the rings of a tree from the outside to the inside. If the tenth ring is far from the eleventh ring, then we' re sure that it was sunny and rainy most of that year. If it is near to the eleventh ring, then the climate that year was bad.Tree rings are important not only for studying the history of weather but also for studying the history of man. Many centuries ago there lived a lot of people at a place in New Mexico. But now you can find only sand there- no trees and no people. What happened?A scientist studied the rings of dead trees there. He found that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees to make fires and buildings. As all the trees had gone, the people there had to move.1. in good climate.A. Tree rings grow far from each otherB. Tree rings become thinnerC. Trees don' t need sunshine or rainfallD. People can cut down most of the trees2. The scientists are interested in studying tree rings because tree rings can tell_________.A. whether a tree was strong or notB. whether people took good care of the trees or notC. whether the climate was good or notD. how old the trees were3. If you want to find out the weather of twenty years ago, you should study _________of a tree from the outside to the inside.A. the twentieth ringB. the tenth ringC. the nineteenth ringD. the twenty - first ring4. Why did people usually live in places with lots of trees?A. Trees could tell the change of the weather.B. Trees could make weather not too hot or too cold.C. Trees brought lost of sunshine ~d rain.D. Trees could be used for burning and for building houses.5. The people had to leave the place in New Mexico __________.A. because bad weather stopped the growth of treesB. because they no longer had water and the land became sandC. because they didn't have enough trees for burningD. because there was too much rain there1- 5 DBDCD 1- 5 ACADB5Swimming is very popular. People like swimming in summer because water makes people feel cool. If you like swimming and swim in a wrong place, it may not be safe. These years, a lot of people died when they were enjoying themselves in the water, and most of them were students. Some people are not careful in swimming. They often think they swim so well that nothing will happen to them in the water. Summer is here again. If you go swimming in summer, don' t forget that better swimmers have died in water. They died because they were not careful, not because they could not swim. So don't get into the water when you are alone. Don't get into the water if there is a "No swimming" sign, If you remember these, swimming will be safe.1. People like to swim in summer because________________.A. they feel cool in the waterB. they feel free in the waterC. swimming makes them strongD. swimming makes them popular2. Swimming may not be safe if_____________.A. it is popular enoughB. you like swimming very muchC. it makes people excitedD. you swim in dangerous places3. These years many died in the water when they were swimming happily.A. old peopleB. young peopleC. womenD. men4. Some swimmers die in water because____________________.A. they swim so wellB. they are not strong enoughC. they are not carefulD. they can't swim well5.The writer wants to tell us thatA. swimming is a good sportB. we should not go swimming in summerC. we must be careful in swimmingD. we should not go swimming in the river6A plant makes its own food in its leaves. Water comes to the leaves through the roots. Air gets into the leaves through very small holes. The green coloring(绿色素)in the leaves uses the water and air to make the food for the plant. It also needs sunshine because a plant can make food only when the sun in shining.Animals and people could not live without green plants. They both eat plants. People and some animals also eat the meat of some animals and these animals eat plants.1. A plant gets food from__________________.A. the sunB. its leavesC. its rootsD. the air2.What does the green coloring use to make the food for a plant?A. Sunshine, water, air and the roots.B. Air, sunshine and water.C. Water, air and meat.D. Water, sunshine and animals.3. A plant has very small holes in its leaves for __ to come in.A. airB. waterC. sunshineD. green coloring4.A plant can make its food when it is___________.A. cloudyB. rainyC. sunnyD. windy5. People would die without__________.A. animalsB. meatC. plantsD. leavesOnce Effendi had a joke with the Prime Minister(宰相). He said that the Minister would die the next day. The next day, the Minister fell to the ground from the horse and really died. When the king learned this, he got angry and sent his men to catch Effendi at once.When Effendi was brought to him, the king shouted angrily, "Effendi, since you knew when my Minister would die, you must know the date of your own death. Say it out, or you'll die today."Effendi looked at the king for a while. Then he answered, "But how can I know? I'll die two days earlier than you." The king was afraid that if he killed Effendi, he himself would die -after that. He thought he must keep Effendi alive as long as possible, so he let Effendi go.1.This story tells us_________________.A. how Effendi fooled the kingB. when the king would dieC. why the Minister diedD. Effendi knew the dates of everyone's death2. The prime Minister died because___________.A. Effendi killed himB. Effendi said he would dieC. he was badly illD. he fell off the horse3. Why did the king ask Effendi to tell him the date of Effendi' s own death?A. Because the king wanted to know when he himself would die.B. Because the wanted to find an excuse to kill Effendi.C. Because he himself had known the date of Effendi' s death.D. Because he wanted to know when Effendi would die.4. The king let Effendi go becauseA. he hoped to live a long lifeB. he was afraid of EffendiC. he didn't believe Effendi's wordsD. He knew he would die two days later5. Which of the following is not true?A. Effendi played a joke on the Minister.B. Effendi didn't know when the king would die.C. The king was afraid of death.D. If the king killed Effendi, he himself would die two days later.1.A2.D3.B4.C5.C 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C 1.A 2.D 3.B. 4.A 5.D8What do Napoleon, Clinton and Wang Nan have in common? They are all left-hand-ed. Today about 15％of the number of people is left-handed. But why are people left-handed? The answer is the way the brain(大脑) works. The brain has two halves –the right half and the left half. The right half controls (控制) the left side of the body, and the left controls the right side of the body. So right-handed people have a strong left brain, and left-handed people have a strong right brain.The two halves of the brain are about the same size. But each side controls different things. The left side controls language, math and logic(逻辑). When you remember new words, or when you put things in order, you use your left side.The right side of the brain controls your love of art, color and music. It is also good at recognizing (识别) faces.This does not mean that all artists are left-handed and all accountants(会计) are right-handed. Some right-handers have a strong right brain, and some left-handers have a strong left brain.1. The phrase "in common" in the first sentence means .A. the sameB. differentC. strangeD. interesting2. People are right-handed or left-handed is mostly decided by .A. their parentsB. their mindsC. the way the brain worksD. the way the head works3. Each side of the brain .A. likes music and mathB. controls different thingsC. controls the same thingD. has two halves4. When you are singing you are using your .A. logic thinkingB. heartC. right brainD. left brainPeople usually do not like mice, but one mouse has won the hearts of the people all over the world. That is the famous Mickey Mouse.A long time ago most films were silent. A man named Walt Disney made a cartoon mouse that could talk in his films. He named his mouse Mickey Mouse. People were very excited with the talking mouse. Soon Mickey became very popular with both young and old people. Children love to see their lovely friend, because he brought joy and laughter(欢笑) to them. Mickey was a clean mouse after he was born. Perhaps this is why people love Mickey Mouse though they don't like real mice.In his early life Mickey made some mistakes. People were very angry. They wrote to Disney and said that they didn't want Mickey to do silly things. As there were some silly things Mickey could not do, Disney made a new animal Donald Duck. He also made a dog named Pluto. This dog does silly things and makes mistakes wherever he goes. Now our Mickey is not only clean, but more important. He becomes a beautiful and clever star. He has his friends in almost every country.1. Why were people excited to see Mickey in the films?A. Mickey was a clean mouse.B. Mickey was able to speak in the films.C. Mickey was lovely and made them happy.D. Mickey was a cartoon mouse.2. People , so they wrote to Walt Disney.A. were happy when they saw the cartoon mouseB. were angry with DisneyC. didn't love Mickey any moreD. hoped that Mickey was always clever3. Disney made the new animals because .A. he wanted to make his films more interestingB. Mickey needed a new friendC. Mickey could not do anythingD. he loved animals4. Which sentence below is not true?A. People don't like real mice.B. Mickey was always clever.C. Mickey is loved by people all over the world.D. Walt Disney made lovely cartoon animals.1. A2. C3. B4. C 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B10When we think of Hollywood, we think of films and famous film stars. They are part of Hollywood's history. Today people make films in other places too. Not all famous film stars live in Hollywood. But Hollywood is still a very special city in Los Angeles, California.You can easily see where Hollywood is in Los Angeles. There is a big sign on the hills. It says "HOLLYWOOD". The white letters are fifty feet tall. You can see the sign from far away. The Hollywood sign is a famous Hollywood landmark (标记)in Los Angeles. Many postcards show this famous Hollywood landmark.In the hills of Hollywood, there is also the Hollywood Bowl. This is an open-air theater. It is one of the largest open-air theaters in the world. It has seventeen thousand seats and a very different stage(演奏台) .The design of the stage was by a great American named Frank Lloyd Wright. You can listen to all kinds of concerts at the Hollywood Bowl.1. The best title for the reading should be_____________.A. HollywoodB. Famous Films And Film StarsC. The History of HollywoodD. Famous Hollywood Sign2. We learn from the reading that___________.A. "HOLLYWOOD" can just be seen from far awayB. Hollywood is now a place only for travelersC. all the films are made in HollywoodD. Hollywood is one part in Los Angeles3.The word "special" in tile reading means______________.A. newB. richC. famousD. unusual4.At the Hollywood Bowl___________.A. all postcards are madeB. only 7000 people can get togetherC. music can be enjoyedD. you can hardly listen to different kinds of concerts5. It seems that__________.A. some famous film stars don't choose to live in HollywoodB. film stars don't think Hollywood a good place to make filmsC. the Hollywood Bowl is larger than any other open-air theater in the worldD. file Hollywood Bowl is a hill in Hollywood"We' re going to move," Jimmy said to Mr. James, her teacher, with tears (眼泪) in her eyes, "Dad lost his job and now we don't have enough money to live in our house. "Para was walking by and just heard Jimmy's talk with Mr. James.In the lunchroom Para met Carol and said," I've got something to tell you about Jimmy. "As she started to tell Carol about Jimmy's dad, several other classmates stopped to listen. Pam felt bad telling what she had heard but she went on anyway.After school, Para saw some of her classmates talking to Jimmy. "Where does your dad work?" one of the boys asked. Jimmy's face turned red. She left without answering. Para felt terrible, because she didn't mean to hurt Jimmy. And she hadn't thought that some of the classmates would make jokes and laugh at Jimmy about her father's losing the Job. Pm didn't know what she could do to help Jimmy.1. The story wants to tell us_____________.A. it's difficult to move awayB. girls don't like to talk to boysC. students' report to 'the teacherD. secrets are hard to keep2. Jimmy's family had to move because_____________.A. her father lost his jobB. they had a better place to live inC. her classmates were not kind enoughD. her father changed his job3. Jimmy's face taming red shows that she didn't___________.A. feel well enoughB. know the answerC. want to talk about her fatherD. want to leave others4. Para felt very sorry______________.A. and wanted to do something for JimmyB. but went on laughing at JimmyC. so she stopped to listen to othersD. and left without answering5. The whole story happenedA. in classB. during and after schoolC. Mr. James' officeD. in the lunchroom12My grandfather was a fine man. I loved him very much. But one day! told him a lie. I can not tell you now what the lie was. I was only seven years old then. Grandfather was not cross with me."Ask Jim to get a long ladder. "he said. "My boy now jumps from the tops of houses, up to the roof."Jim brought the big ladder. Then Grandfather said," My boy now jumps from the tops of houses. The ladder is for him."I knew at once what he was telling me. I had often heard the old saying, "A lie is a jump from the top of a house."I said nothing. But I felt like crying.The minutes went by. What would people think about the ladder? It stood by the front door. I was afraid it might be there a long time. I had to do something!At last I went to Grandfather. He was reading a book. I went up to him and put my face on his arm."Grandfather," I said, "I will not tell a lie again. We don't need the ladder now. "Grandfather seemed very happy Once again. He called Jim. "Take the ladder away, "he said, "My boy does not jump from the tops of houses."His words made me happy once again.1. From the reading we can not know__________.A. whether the boy told a lieB. what the lie wasC. what Grandfather did with the boyD. how the story ended2. The word" cross" in the reading means__________.A. angryB. surprisedC. happyD. kind3. Grandfather asked Jim to get a ladder to__________.A. see whether the boy could jump from the top of a houseB. help the boy to climb to the top of the houseC. let the boy know it was wrong to tell a lieD. make the boy cry4. "What would people think about the ladder?" shows the boy was afraid people would__________.A. know what had happenedB. take the ladder awayC. come to clean the roofD. come to take care of Grandfather5. At the end of the story the result is___________.A. enjoyableB. sadC. not clearD. untrue1.A2.D3.D4.C5.A 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B 1.B 2.A 3C 4.A 5.A。

训练四步骤

训练四步骤
1准备工作
硬件准备工作：包括检查设备运作是否正常，物料是否充分，环境的整洁，教程完整，这些都会帮助受训人员建立高标准观念。

软件准备工作：
充满信心：信心来自于对工作站技巧与专业知识的熟练度
稳定情绪：心情太紧张容易造成混乱，过于轻松会显出随意、不认真。

在开始前做做深呼吸，会很有帮助。

用正面愉悦的态度开始，帮助员工做心理准备工作，让他了解将要学做的事是重要的。

让他有意愿在有问题的时候提出来问你，并让他感受到你乐于分享的态度。

这对学习尤其重要。

参观设备与工作现场，并讲述工作程序这会为示范说明奠力好的基础。

解释工作的重要性，激发受训人了解工作程序的兴趣。

2示范说明
强调人生安全的重要性
强调随手清洁和清洁消毒的重要性
说明爱护设备和工具的重要性
解释每一个动作的原因
鼓励发问,清楚解说
集中对方注意力
说话时要目光注视,语气和表情应热情、友善，让对方感到自在
说话清晰
要求对方重复工作程序，以确定对方确实了解内容
3练习
观察对方是否遵循所有的清洁消毒程序
及时赞赏鼓励其良好表现
发现错误立即纠正
让对方持续练习,并逐步减少指导,直到所有步骤和程序正确连贯为止.
4追踪考核
提问题或要求对方重复步骤重点，以判断受训人对工作站及标准的了解程度（使用开放式问题）
如有错误给予指导，必要时刻重复示范说明或指导练习步骤
程序鉴定完成后，以口头提出五个以上的相关问题，例如：保存期限、温度设定、清洁消毒、人生安全等问题，以确保对方有正确的认识。

过程中对于受训人的进步及成功应给予正面的肯定。

孟德尔遗传定律(一) 训练4

孟德尔遗传定律(一) 训练41.(08上海生物)丈夫血型A型，妻子血型B型，生了一个血型为O型的儿子。

这对夫妻再生一个与丈夫血型相同的女儿的概率是（）A．1/16 B．1/8 C．1/4 D．1/22.(08海南生物)人的i、I A、I B基因可以控制血型。

在一般情况下，基因型ii为O型血, I A I A或I A i为A 型血，I B I B或I B i为B型血，I A I B为AB型血。

以下有关叙述正确的是（）A．子女之一为A型血时，双亲至少有一方一定是A型血B．双亲之一为AB型血时，不能生出O型血的孩子C．子女之一为B型血时，双亲之一有可能为A型血D．双亲之一为O型血时，不能生出AB型血的孩子3.（A.6个亲本都是杂合体B.抗病对感病为显性C.红种皮对白种皮为显性D.这两对性状自由组合4.采用下列哪一组方法，可以依次解决①～④中的遗传学问题（①鉴定一只白羊是否是纯种②在一对相对性状中区分显、隐性③不断提高小麦抗病品种的纯合度④检验杂种F1A.杂交、自交、测交、测交B.C.测交、测交、杂交、自交D.杂交、杂交、杂交、测交5.用纯种高茎豌豆（DD）与纯种矮茎豌豆（dd）杂交得到的F1全为高茎（Dd），种下F1让其自交得到F2，种下F2豌豆种子，发现F2豌豆植株有高茎和矮茎两种植株，且高茎∶矮茎=3∶1。

关于实现F2中高∶矮=3∶1的条件的叙述，正确的是（）①在F1A.①③④B.②③④C.①②③D.①②④6.果蝇灰身（B）对黑身（b）为显性，现将纯种灰身果蝇与黑身果蝇杂交，产生的F1代再自交产生F2代，将F2代中所有黑身果蝇除去，让灰身果蝇自由交配，产生F3代。

问F3代中灰身与黑身果蝇的比例是（）A.3∶1B.5∶1C.8∶1D.9∶17.已知一批基因型为AA和Aa的豌豆种子，其数目之比为1∶2，将这批种子种下，自然状态下（假设结实率相同）其子一代中基因型为AA、Aa、aa的种子数之比为（）A.3∶2∶1B.1∶2∶1C.3∶5∶1D.4∶4∶18.下列曲线能正确表示杂合子（Aa）连续自交若干代，子代中显性纯合子所占比例的是( )9.（10天津）食指长于无名指为长食指，反之为短食指，该相对性状由常染色体上一对等位基因控制（T S表示短食指基因，T L表示长食指基因。

训练四步骤

关于此岗位的一些真实事例，如果有必要自行操练岗位； ⑧ 准备员工：与受训员工沟通好，做好准备工作。
步骤 2
呈现
二. 训练四步骤- 呈现
2. 第二步骤：呈现
（1）.理论培训：
训练主管针对培训手册并结合自己的经验详细地向受训者介绍该岗位的重要性、职责、关键步骤及技巧、专业术语、清洁标准、安全事项，岗位所用到的用料、用具及存放位置、规格等。
评估并非简单的考核，更不是为了难倒谁，而是一次重要的训练过程，是对岗位进行一次回顾，给员工一个恰当评价。
当员工可以独立操作岗位时，训练员可以离开并操作其他岗位，抽空回来观察和指导。如果有必要，请再次向受训人示范具体的操作程序。
在训练过程中确保遵循卫生消毒和安全的操作程序。
步骤 4
追踪
四. 训练四步骤- 追踪
4. 第四步骤：追踪
（1）. 进行检核：当受训者经过足够的实习后，训练员利用岗位检核表对其进行评估，员
最先进的训练方法----训一. 训练四步骤- 准备
1. 第一步骤：准备
① 准备资料：确保训练资料齐全 ② 培训手册：包含岗位流程手册、产品标准操作手册、门店通用标准手册等 ③ 岗位检核表：对员工进行岗位知识及技巧评估的工具。 ④ 准备场所：确定训练地点与区域负责主管、值班经理沟通好； ⑤ 准备设备：投影仪、电脑等性能良好，使用正常，能熟练操作； ⑥ 准备工具：用具、设备、物料核对检查。 ⑦ 准备自已：对训练岗位的工具资料进行复习，并准备好自己最近三个月内
（2）.操作培训：
在岗位上，依据培训手册标准，示范操作步骤，百分之百遵循标准完整演示一遍，做到边做边讲解，重点步骤重复演示，一次一个步骤，训练员示范，员工在旁观看，鼓励员工发问并清楚解答。
步骤 3

中学生篮球训练计划4篇

中学生篮球训练计划4篇导语：篮球队的训练是学校运动训练的一个组成部分，是贯穿普及和提高相结合的体育方针，促进学校普及，提高篮球运动技术水平的主要基地。

以下是小编为大家分享的中学生篮球训练计划4篇，欢迎借鉴！一、目的任务：为活跃我校的文体生活，发挥学生的特长和个性。

使队员的身体、心理素质以及篮球运动技术水平有大幅度提高；养成良好的心理状态和较高的篮球技战术水平。

通过训练张扬运动队员个性，培养队员的集体意识和集体荣誉感，力争比赛取得优异成绩。

二、开展有计划有步骤的科学训练。

1、加大身体素质的体能训练，包括上下肢、腰腹的力量，移动速度，移动耐力，弹跳能力等的素质。

目的是提高各单个素质水平和在场上综合素质的整体发挥，为技术战术的正常运用奠定坚实的基础。

2、在加强综合素质的同时，注重队员个人的技术动作训练。

目的是使技术动作更娴熟，能在比赛中自由灵活发挥，达到熟练运用，为战术默契配合铺路。

主要是通过对队员的各种运球、急停急起、突破、投篮、抢篮板球、传球等技术的学习，并对所有技术的灵活连贯运用。

3、战术的有针对性学习，加强队员的合作精神训练。

通过对战术中的徒手移动练习、无对抗性的配合练习，到攻防对抗或模拟比赛条件下的配合练习等，使队员达到一个较高的进攻和防守水平。

包括个人防守；进攻配合、防守配合。

4、全队进攻战术和全队防守战术的训练。

包括快攻与防守快攻、半场人盯人防守和进攻半场人盯人防守、区域联防与进攻区域联防、混合防守与进攻混合防守以及攻守转换和阵地进攻战术的设计运用。

5、重视心理、临场水平发挥等训练。

通过模拟训练、自我暗示训练、注意力集中训练和放松训练等，主要解决队员的意志品质问题和个人情绪问题，包括坚定的目的性、顽强性、果断性、主动性、自制力和勇敢精神。

通过以上各方面的严格科学训练，克服各种外来的困难，以饱满的热情和最高的竞技状态迎接XX年的丹凤县中学生篮球比赛，正常发挥，力争比赛取得优异成绩。

三、队员名单：男篮教练：张勋男篮名单：张金李刚田尚坤雷臣盼赵钰铭张磊李国晟王冲张鹏杰雷一德李朝阳陈玺瑶李佳琦女篮教练：胡昌君女篮：李潇姜莉婷刘佳蒙孙萌姜雨溪韩利如刘依晴李佳何雨露陈续情四、训练时间：每周一至周五上午6：30——7:20点每周一至周四下午5：30——6：10五、训练计划：1. 热身：在热身运动跑步之前,先做伸展操再慢跑1000米或是篮球场20圈以上,然后依照篮球运动需要伸展的部位确实做好伸展活动。

运动训练四重奏教案

运动训练四重奏教案在现代社会，人们越来越重视健康和运动训练。

运动训练不仅可以增强身体素质，提高身体机能，还可以促进身心健康，提高生活质量。

而在运动训练中，四重奏教案是一种非常有效的训练方法，可以帮助人们全面提高身体素质，达到更好的训练效果。

四重奏是指力量训练、柔韧训练、速度训练和耐力训练。

这四种训练方法相互结合，可以全面提高身体素质，使人们在运动中表现更出色。

下面将详细介绍四重奏教案的训练内容和方法。

力量训练是四重奏教案中的第一环节。

力量训练可以增强肌肉力量，提高爆发力和耐力，使人们在运动中更具竞争力。

力量训练可以通过举重、器械训练、引体向上等方式进行。

在力量训练中，要注意选择适当的重量和次数，以达到最佳的训练效果。

同时，要注意保护好关节和肌肉，避免受伤。

柔韧训练是四重奏教案中的第二环节。

柔韧训练可以增强身体的柔韧性，提高关节的活动度，减少运动中的受伤风险。

柔韧训练可以通过拉伸、瑜伽、舞蹈等方式进行。

在柔韧训练中，要注意保持正确的动作和姿势，避免过度拉伸导致受伤。

速度训练是四重奏教案中的第三环节。

速度训练可以提高身体的爆发力和反应速度，使人们在运动中更具优势。

速度训练可以通过短跑、跳跃、敏捷训练等方式进行。

在速度训练中，要注意保持正确的姿势和动作，避免受伤。

耐力训练是四重奏教案中的第四环节。

耐力训练可以提高身体的持久力和耐力，使人们在长时间的运动中保持高水平的表现。

耐力训练可以通过有氧运动、长跑、游泳等方式进行。

在耐力训练中，要注意控制好运动强度和时间，避免过度疲劳。

四重奏教案的训练方法可以根据个人的实际情况进行调整和组合。

在进行四重奏训练时，要注意科学合理地安排训练内容和时间，避免过度训练导致受伤。

同时，要注意合理饮食和充足休息，保持良好的身体状态。

总的来说，四重奏教案是一种非常有效的运动训练方法，可以帮助人们全面提高身体素质，达到更好的训练效果。

通过力量训练、柔韧训练、速度训练和耐力训练的有机结合，人们可以在运动中表现得更出色，提高竞争力，享受更健康的生活。

体能训练包括4各环节

体能训练包括4各环节
：耐力训练，力量训练，平均训练，柔软训练。

一、耐力训练：长跑（也可用游泳、自行车等代替，运动量相当）
1、长跑：5000 -10000 m（45-60 min）
2、游泳：500-10000m
3、自行车：100000m
二、力量训练
1、腿部力量：高抬腿跑100次/5组，杠铃负重蹲起。

2、上肢力量：俯卧撑10个/5组；引体向上10个/5组。

3、腰腹力量训练：仰卧起坐带转体，20次/3组。

4、小力量训练：使用各种综合训练器械和哑铃等进行训练。

重量较轻，组数和次数较多。

目的是提高肌肉耐力，增粗肌纤维，减少脂肪，小力量训练最佳不要和大力量训练同时进行。

三、平均训练
1、单脚平均：单脚站立、后俯，5min。

2、动态平均：单脚跳20个/10组
四、柔软训练
1、单杠悬垂，拉伸肢体。

2、压腿
3、拉伸身体两侧肌肉。

注：力量、平均和柔软训练每周不少于3次，并接在长跑之后完成。

耐力训练长跑每周不得少于4次。

长年进行，不可间断。

每次训练时间1.5小时至2小时为宜。

有强度还要有密度。

如果你真的想高居他人之上，你就必须想尽一切办法使自己的运动神经系统想自己全身的肌肉发出最强的冲动信号。

没有超强的动机，运动神经系统就没有超强的冲动。

句子扩展训练 (听知觉注意力)：训练4

句子扩展训练4（听知觉注意力）
训练目的：让孩子上课专心听讲，提高听课效率和更容易记住听到的知识。

提升听知觉注意力的广度和稳定性，还能对孩子短时记忆、口述表达和写作业能力，都有非常好的训练效果！
10、点缀着白花
叶子中间点缀着些白花
层层的叶子中间点缀着些白花层层的叶子中间零星地点缀着些白花11、青山迷人
再没有比青山更迷人了
再没有比春雨后的青山更迷人了
再没有比春雨洗浴后的青山更迷人了再没有比春雨洗浴后的连绵青山更迷人了
12、水面染上了一层胭脂红
金光给水面染上了一层胭脂红金光透过树梢给水面染上了一层胭脂红
万道金光透过树梢给水面染上了一层胭脂红
太阳的万道金光透过树梢给水面染上了一层胭脂红训练方法：1、家长先读一个短句，让孩子复述，再读下一句，孩子再复述……2、句子逐渐变长，孩子需要一次把整个句子复述完整
3、若有遗漏或错误，家长可再读
一遍。