2013年第2次英语AB级考试、全国高等学校计算机课程

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2013年考研英语二真题及答案详解

2013年考研英语二真题及答案详解说明：由于试题一题多卷，因此选择题部分，不同考生有不同顺序，请在核对答案时注意题目和选项内容。

Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. B eing average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more aboveaverage cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] ro advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for exanmle, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide nemcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigrantion system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage” refers to those who____[A] immigrate across the Atlantic.[B] leave their home countries for good.[C] stay in a foregin temporaily.[D] find permanent jobs overseas.27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration stystem in the US____[A] needs new immigrant categories.[B] has loosened control over immigrants.[C] should be adopted to meet challenges.[D] has been fixeed via political means.28 According to the author, today’s birds of passage wan t___[A] fiancial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D] the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance.[D] as mighty rivals.30 选出最适合文章的标题[A] come and go: big mistake.[B] living and thriving : great risk.[C] with or without : great risk.[D] legal or illegal: big mistake.Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we grou nd such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snao decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. Toreverse the negative influences of snap decisions,we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B]‘‘thin sliced ’’study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] uncertain[C] optimistic[D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven.In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions,and Europe,s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male .indeed,women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent.This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But i like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance-and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporatepower--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers--and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According ti Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is evervthing[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has ?60 a week to spend, ?40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning ?130,000 a I year working in corporate communications and eating at London's betft restaurants'" at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - "there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41._____________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42____________________________________________________________This is where supermarkets and thci; anonymity come in handy. With them,there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a littlegreengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350gof shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in thesupermarket chiller.43_________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's notgood enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planningahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do avegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked or juiced.44___________________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers,delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soonyou'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews,or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often thannot, Theyil let you have for free.45__________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every fewmonths treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - ?1.75 a week for threemonths gives you ?21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch atMichelin-starred Arbutus. It's ?16.95 there - or ?12.99 for a large pizza fromDomino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was , what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs my mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away reatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder f or me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acture or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hosptibalthe day before. I also remember that the musical paly Hamopened on the Broadway on the same day- they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section IV Writing47. Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale foe kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details and encourage them to participate .2) Don’t use your own name, use “Li Ming” instead. Don’t write your address.(10 points)48 write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart and2)give your commentsYou should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET .Section I Use of English1.【答案】A(However)【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入非现金社会,实现完全电子支付。

2013年真题英语二

2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二) 试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 , a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon “revolutionize the very 3 of money itself,”only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payment system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of “float”—it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer’s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else’s accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7.[A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8.[A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9.[A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10.[A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11.[A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D] ease15.[A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19.[A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20.[A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog，and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines. ”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra —their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U. S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs — about 6 million in total — disappeared. ”There will always be change — new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I. T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G. I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education.21.The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate .[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22.According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to .[A] adopt an average lifestyle[B] work on cheap software[C] ask for a moderate salary[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that .[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24.According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is .[A] to accelerate the I. T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over.[D] Recession Is BadT ext 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who .[A] stay in a foreign country temporarily[B] leave their home countries for good[C] immigrate across the Atlantic[D] find permanent jobs overseas27.It is implied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US .[A] needs new immigrant categories[B] has loosened control over immigrants[C] should be adjusted to meet challenges[D] has been fixed via political means28. According to the author, today’s birds of passage want .[A] financial incentives[B] a global recognition[C] the freedom to stay and leave[D] opportunities to get regular jobs29. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated .[A] as faithful partners[B] with legal tolerance[C] with economic favors[D] as mighty rivals30. The most appropriate title for the text would be .[A] Come and Go: Big Mistake[B] Living and Thriving: Great Risk[C] With or Without: Great Risk[D] Legal or Illegal: Big MistakeT ext 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects ofpersonality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases —or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: dogs can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31.The time needed in making decisions may .[A] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] vary according to the urgency of the situation32.Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions .[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33.To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should .[A] trust our first impression[B] think before we act[C] do as people usually do[D] ask for expert advice34.John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on .[A] critical assessment[B] “thin sliced” study[C] adequate information[D] sensible explanation35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is .[A] tolerant[B] optimistic[C] uncertain[D] doubtfulT ext 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The European Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women —up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, European Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goals of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate ladder fairly as they balance work and family?“Personally,I don’t like quotas,”Reding said recently. “But I like what the quotas do.”Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,”according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance — and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, governance by the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions — no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power —as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook —they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women —whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers — and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. I n the European corporate workplace, generally .[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. T he European Union’s intended legislation is .[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a response to Reding’s call[C] a reluctant choice[D] a voluntary action38. A ccording to Reding, quotas may help women .[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. T he author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of .[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. W omen entering top management become headlines due to the lack of .[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by reading information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Make your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is everything[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has ￡60 a week to spend, ￡40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning ￡130,000 a year working in corporate communications and eating at London’s best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. “The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I’d lost. But it’s still a day-by-day thing.” Now he’s living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He’s feeling positive, but he’ll carry on blogging —not about eating as cheaply as you can —“there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food”— but eating well on a budget. Here’s his advice for economical foodies.41.Impulsive spending isn’t an option, so plan your week’s menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast,lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it’s not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It’s also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being human, you’ll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42.This is where supermarkets and anonymity come in handy. With them, there’s not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you’ll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43.You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer —that’s not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you’ll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to “go off” will be cooked or juiced.44.Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you’ll feel comfortable asking if they’ve any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, they let you have for free.45.You won’t be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - ￡1. 75 a week for three months gives you ￡21 — more than enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It’s ￡16. 95 there — or ￡12. 99 for a large pizza from Domino’s: I know which I’d rather eat.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does — try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on the Broadway on the same day —they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details, and2) encourage them to participate.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your easy on the ANSWER SHEET.（15 points）某高校学生兼职情况2013年真题答案速查Section ⅠUse of English (10 points)1-5 ADBDC 6-10 BBDBA11-15 ADCCC 16-20CABADSection ⅡReading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)Text 1 21-25 ADBBCText 2 26-30 ACCBDText 3 31-35 AABCBText 4 36-40 BCADCPart B (10 points)41-45 FEGCDSection III Translation (15 points)我可以从过去的53年里任选一天，并立马回忆起当时我身处何处，发生了什么新闻甚至当天是星期几。

2013年考研英语(二)真题校对版及全文翻译

2013 年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns.We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] copy [C] provide [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Because [C] Until [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] ease [D] raise15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D]displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] unclear [D] uncommon17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] call for [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] cope with20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] trail [D] pathSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software,cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, ne w technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] adopt an average lifestyle[B] work on cheap software[C] ask for a moderate salary[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to advance economic globalization[C] to ensure more education for people[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] Technology Goes Cheap[B] New Law Takes Effect[C] Recession Is Bad[D] Average Is OverText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “Uccelli di passaggio ,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, homehealth-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage” refers to those who____[A] stay in a foreign temporarily.[B] leave their home countries for good.[C] immigrate across the Atlantic.[D] find permanent jobs overseas.27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US____[A] needs new immigrant categories.[B] has loosened control over immigrants.[C] should be adopted to meet challenges.[D] has been fixed via political means.[A] financial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] the freedom to stay and leave.[D] opportunities to get regular jobs.[A] as faithful partners.[B] with regal tolerance.[C] with economic favors.[D] as mighty rivals.[A] come and go: big mistake.[B] living and thriving : great risk.[C] with or without : great risk.[D] legal or illegal: big mistake.Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapi d stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing,Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it ha sn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] vary according to the urgency of the situation32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snao decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] think before we act[C] do as people usually do[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B]‘thin sliced’study[C] adequate information[D] sensible explanation35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] optimistic[C] uncertain[D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe's top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male .indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considereda failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But i like what the q uotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I unders tand Reding’s reluctance-and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them. When w omen do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers--and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a response to Reding’s c all[C] a reluctant choice[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The auth or’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] Shopkeepers are your friends[B] Remember to treat yourself[C] Stick to what you need[D] Live like a peasant[E] Balance your diet[F] Planning is everything[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has ?60 a week to spend, ?40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning ?130,000 a I year working in corporate communications and eating at London's betft restaurants'" at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - "there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41._____________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42_______________________This is where supermarkets and thci; anonymity come in handy. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarketchiller.43______________________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked or juiced.44________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, Theyil let you have for free.45__________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - ?1.75 a week for three months gives you ?21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It's ?16.95 there - or ?12.99 for a large pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was , what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs my mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’sharder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical paly Ham opened on the Broadway on the same day- they both just pop into my mind in the same way.47 .Writingsuppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details and2)encourage them to participate 100 words use Liming. Don't write your address.48 Write an essay based on the following chart in your writing, you should(1)interpret the chart ,and(2)give your commentsYou should write about 150 words.2013 年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（二）答案1．【答案】A However【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入非现金社会,实现完全电子支付。

2013全国卷二英语试题及答案详解

2013高考英语新课标卷II试题答案详解第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1. — I'm sorry I made a mistake！— ______ 。

Nobody is perfect. 答案：D。

Take it easyA。

Take your time B。

Y ou’re right C。

Whatever you say D。

Take it easy 解析：本题考查日常用语.Take your time. 别着急，慢慢来. You're right. 你说的对。

Whatever you say。

无论你说什么；你说了算;随便你。

Take it easy. 别紧张;别着急；不要放在心上。

译文：“对不起我错了。

” “别太在意。

人无完人。

”2。

Would you like to _______ with us to the film tonight？A。

come along B。

come off C. come across D. come through答案：A. come along解析：本题考查动词短语。

come along 一起来；出现；进展；come off 离开;实现；举行；come across 走过来;出现于;偶然碰到；come through 经历;传出;脱险；译文：今晚你想要和我们一起去看电影吗？3。

I was glad to meet Jenny again，_______ I didn’t want to spend all day with her. A. but B. and C。

so D. or答案:A。

but解析：本题考查连词.but conj. 但是，表示转折关系;and conj。

并且，表示并列关系；so conj. 所以，表示因果关系；or conj。

或者,否则，表示选择关系；译文:我很高兴再次见到Jenny,但是我不想整天都和她呆在一起。

2013全国新课标卷Ⅱ(英语)

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国新课标卷Ⅱ）英语参考答案与解题提示12听力部分略21.D【命题立意】考查交际用语。

难度中等。

【解题思路】句意为：对不起，我犯错误了。

不用在意，没人是完美的。

根据题干中“Nobody is perfect．”可知，答语者是在安慰对方。

A项意为“慢慢来，不着急”；B项意为“你说得对”；C项意为“无论你说什么，随便你说什么”；D项意为“不用担心，别紧张，放松点”。

根据句意可知，答案选D。

22.A【命题立意】考查动词短语辨析。

难度较小。

【解题思路】句意为：你愿意今晚和我们一起去看电影吗？A项意为“一起来，进展，前进”；B项意为“成功，戒掉（毒瘾），（从某物上）脱落，掉落”；C项意为“偶遇”；D项意为“到达，穿过，传来，恢复（健康）”。

根据题干中“with us to the film tonight”可知，此处指“一起去看电影”，故选A。

23.A【命题立意】考查连词辨析。

难度较小。

【解题思路】句意为：我很高兴再次见到Jenny，但我不想一整天都和她待在一起。

第一句强调“glad”，而后一句强调“didn't want”，因此二者之间属于转折关系，故选A。

and表示前后两句间为并列或承接关系；so表示前后句之间为因果关系；or意为“或者”时，表示前后两句间为选择关系，意为“否则，要不然”时，用来表示警告的语气。

24.C【命题立意】考查定语从句。

难度中等。

【解题思路】句意为：当我到达后，Bryan就带我去看我即将入住的房子。

分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，空格后的句子是用来修饰限定先行词the house的，并且因为stay 是不及物动词，所以先行词在从句中作地点状语，故选C。

【技巧点拨】在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词可以通过“还原法”来确定，即将先行词代入从句中，如果其在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，就选择相应的关系代词；如果作状语就选择相应的关系副词。

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国新课标卷Ⅱ英语试题

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(课标全国Ⅱ)英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅰ卷(非选择题)两部分。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B。

1.—I’m sorry I made a mistake!—______.Nobody is perfect.A.Take your timeB.You’re rightC.Whatever you sayD.Take it easy2.Would you like to ______ with us to the film tonight?e alonge offe acrosse through3.I was glad to meet Jenny again,______I didn’t want to spend all day with her.A.butB.andC.soD.or4.When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house ______ I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which5.I got to the office earlier that day,______ the 7:30 train from Paddington.A.caughtB.to have caughtC.to catchD.having caught6.Since nobody gave him any help,he______ have done the research on his own.A.canB.mustC.wouldD.need7.We ______ very early so we packed the night before.A.leaveB.had leftC.were leavingD.have left8.The watch was very good,and he ______20 percent down for it.A.paidB.costC.boughtD.spent9.It may not be a great suggestion.But before ______ is put forward,we’ll make do with it.A.a good oneB.a better oneC.the best oneD.a best one10.It was only after he had read the papers______Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what11.A serious study of physics is impossible______ some knowledge of mathematics.A.againstB.beforeC.beyondD.without12.Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ______properly in this hospital.A.can be the patients treatedB.can the patients be treatedC.the patients can be treatedD.treated can be the patients13.Four and ______ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and______break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.A.a;aB.the;theC.不填;theD.a;不填14.It’s an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do______.A.othersB.eitherC.anotherD.both15.—Are you sure you won’t come for a drink with us?—______,if you insist.A.Not at allB.It dependsC.All right thenD.I don’t care第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2013年全国卷Ⅱ英语高考试题文档版(含答案)

绝密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅱ卷)英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考试结束，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷时，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。

不能答在试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。

1．--I'm sorry I made a mistake!-- Nobody is perfect.A. Take your timeB. You're rightC.Whatever you sayD. Take it easy2. Would you like to with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come offC. come acrossD. come through3. I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didn't want to spend all day with her.A. butB. andC.soD.or4. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_ I would be staying.A. whatB. whenC. whereD. which5.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from PaddingtonA.caughtB. to have caughtC. to catchD. having caught6. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.A. canB. mustC. wouldD. need7. We very early so we packed the night before.A. leaveB. had leftC. were leavingD.have left8. The watch was very good, and he 20 percent down for it.A. a good oneB. a better oneC. the best oneD. a best one10. It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.A when B. that C. which D. what11 A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics.A. againstB. beforeC. beyondD. without12. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A. can be the patientsB. can the patients be treatedC. the patients can be treatedD.treated can be the patients13.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and break for cheese,chocolate andtea with sugar.A.a;aB. the; theC.不填；theD.a;不填14. It's an either-or situation - we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do .A.othersB. eitherC.anotherD. both15. -Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?- ,if you insistA. Not at allB. It dependsC. All right thenD.I don't care第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后面各题锁哥的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

全国计算机等级考试大纲(2013 年版)

全国计算机等级考试大纲(2013 年版)全国计算机等级考试二级 MS Office高级应用考试大纲(2013 年版)基本要求1. 掌握计算机基础知识及计算机系统组成。

2. 了解信息安全的基本知识,掌握计算机病毒及防治的基本概念。

3. 掌握多媒体技术基本概念和基本应用。

4. 了解计算机网络的基本概念和基本原理, 掌握因特网网络服务和应用。

5. 正确采集信息并能在文字处理软件Word、电子表格软件Excel、演示文稿制作软件PowerPoint 中熟练应用。

6. 掌握Word 的操作技能,并熟练应用编制文档。

7. 掌握Excel 的操作技能,并熟练应用进行数据计算及分析。

8. 掌握PowerPoint 的操作技能,并熟练应用制作演示文稿。

考试内容一、计算机基础知识1. 计算机的发展、类型及其应用领域。

2. 计算机软硬件系统的组成及主要技术指标。

3. 计算机中数据的表示与存储。

4. 多媒体技术的概念与应用。

5. 计算机病毒的特征、分类与防治。

6. 计算机网络的概念、组成和分类;计算机与网络信息安全的概念和防控。

7. 因特网网络服务的概念、原理和应用。

二、 Word 的功能和使用1. Microsoft Office 应用界面使用和功能设置。

2. Word 的基本功能,文档的创建、编辑、保存、打印和保护等基本操作。

3. 设置字体和段落格式、应用文档样式和主题、调整页面布局等排版操作4. 文档中表格的制作与编辑。

5. 文档中图形、图像(片)对象的编辑和处理,文本框和文档部件的使用,符号与数学公式的输入与编辑。

6. 文档的分栏、分页和分节操作,文档页眉、页脚的设置,文档内容引用操作。

7. 文档审阅和修订。

8. 利用邮件合并功能批量制作和处理文档。

9. 多窗口和多文档的编辑,文档视图的使用。

10. 分析图文素材,并根据需求提取相关信息引用到Word 文档中。

三、 Excel 的功能和使用1. Excel 的基本功能,工作簿和工作表的基本操作,工作视图的控制。

00015自学考试英语二2013年10月试题和答案

绝密★启用前2013年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷（课程代码00015）本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答题注意事项：1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。

答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。

2．第一部分为选择题。

必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。

3．第二部分为非选择题。

必须注明大、小题号，使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。

4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。

第一部分选择题一、阅读判断（第1—10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

未涂、错涂、多涂或少涂均无分。

Farms Appear in CitiesWhen you hear the word“farm”, you may imagine the countryside with cows and crops. But scientists say the farms of the future could be built in tall buildings in some large cities.It may be difficult to believe, but in fact, the technology for growing crops indoors already exists. Farming in the city is already happening. Some vegetables are already grown in greenhouses. Even the scientists at the South Pole research station can enjoy fresh vegetables they grow in their own greenhouse.Experts say indoor farming solves many problems. First, traditional farming takes up a lot of land.Growing crops in tall buildings-called vertical farming(垂直农业)-can solve the problem. Also, fruits and vegetables grown indoors would not face serious threats from insects and bad weather.Though vertical farms don’t exist yet,experts have created a plan for recycling insuch farms. The water from indoor fish ponds would be used to water crops. Gases from crop waste would be used to heat the building. Waste from chicken or pigs would be reused as a source of energy.But experts believe vertical farming is not going to be easy. They say it can be difficult to control climate conditions indoors. Besides, plants differ in their weather and lighting needs. For example, some plants like warm,sunny weather, but other plants prefer cooler temperatures.That’s not to say these difficulties won’t be overcome-but it will take time. Most experts suggest it may take about 5 to 15 years before the first vertical farms could be created.1.The word “farm” may make you think of the countryside.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given2.It is still a dream for people to grow crops indoors.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given3.Scientists at the South Pole research station live a hard life.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given4.Vertical farming does not need as much land as traditional farming.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given5.Fresh fruits and vegetables are very expensive in cities.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given6.Crops grown indoors would not be badly harmed by insects.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given7.Scientists do not know how to reuse the animal waste in vertical farms.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given8.Some experts say vertical farming could be difficult.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given9.Indoor plants need the same weather and lighting.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given10.The first vertical farms appeared 5 years ago.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given二、阅读选择（第11—15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

2013年10月自学考试英语二真题试卷答案详解

2013年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷真题解析（课程代码00015）本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

第一部分为选择题。

考生必须在“答题卡”上按要求填涂作答。

第二部分为非选择题。

第一部分选择题一、阅读判断（第1—10题，共10分）短文后列出10个句子，根据短文内容判断每个句子。

A是正确，B是错误，C是文中未提及。

2013年全国计算机等级考试二级(Visual Basic语言程序设计)考纲

2013年全国计算机等级考试二级(Visual Basic语言程序设计）考纲◆基本要求1. 熟悉Visual Basic集成开发环境。

2. 了解Visual Basic中对象的概念和事件驱动程序的基本特性。

3. 了解简单的数据结构和算法4. 能够编写和调试简单的Visual Basic程序。

◆考试内容一、Visual Basic程序开发环境1. Visual Basic的特点和版本。

2. Visual Basic的启动与退出。

3. 主窗口：（1）标题和菜单。

（2）工具栏。

4. 其它窗口：（1）窗体设计器和工程资源管理器。

（2）属性窗口和工具箱窗口。

二、对象及其*作1.对象：（1）Visual Basic的对象。

（2）对象属性设置。

2.窗体：（1）窗体的结构与属性。

（2）窗体事件。

3.控件：（1）标准控件。

（2）控件的命名和控件值。

4.控件的画法和基本*作。

5.事件驱动。

三、数据类型及运算1.数据类型：（1）基本数据类型。

（2）用户定义的数据类型。

2.常量和变量：（1）局部变量和全局变量。

（2）变体类型变量。

（3）缺省声明。

3.常用内部函数。

4.运算符和表达式：（1）算术运算符。

（2）关系运算符和逻辑运算符。

（3）表达式的执行顺序。

四、数据输入输出1.数据输出：（1）Print方法。

（2）与Print方法有关的函数（Tab，Spc，Space $）。

（3）格式输出（Format $）。

2.InputBox函数。

3.MsgBox函数和MsgBox语句。

4.字形。

5.打印机输出：（1）直接输出。

（2）窗体输出。

五、常用标准控件1.文本控件：（1）标签。

（2）文本框。

2.图形控件：（1）图片框、图象框的属性、事件和方法。

（2）图形文件的装入。

（3）直线和形状。

3.按钮控件。

4.选择控件：复选框和单选按钮。

5.选择控件：列表框和组合框。

6.滚动条。

7.记时器。

8.框架。

9.焦点和T ab顺序。

六、控制结构1.选择结构：（1）单行结构条件语句。

2013年考研英语二真题及答案解析课件.doc

2013 考研英语（二）真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. ___1___ a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been___2___for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very ___3___ of money itself," only to___4___ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so___5___in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a paymentssystem based on paper, several factors work___6___the disappearance of the papersystem. First, it is very___7___to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the___8___formof payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they___9___receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to___10___. Third, the use of paperchecks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days___11___ a check is cashed and funds are___12___from the issuer's account, which means thatthe writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13___electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may___14___security and privacy concerns.We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access acomputer database and to alter information___15___there. The fact that this is notan ___16___ occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bankaccounts in electronic payments systems and___17___from someone else's accounts.The___18___of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer scienceis developing to___19___security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic___20___that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America ”,the author Adam Davidsonrelates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today, ” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.Da vidson ’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appearedmaking the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment anddeclining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidlythan ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job ，could earn anaverage lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being a verage just won ’tearn you what it used to. It can ’t when so many more employers have so muchmore access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics,cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs tofind their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But therebeen an acceleration. As Davidson notes, ”In the 10 y e a g r s i n e n2d0i0n9,[U.S.]factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total-disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But theone thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T.revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education tomake themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to doto support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing somekind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access topoet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______.[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers andsojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in theUnited States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrivedwhile about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio, ”birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers intotwo categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don ’t need more categories, but weneed to change the way wethink about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, homehealth- care aides and physicists are among today ’sbirds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money andideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage tohave a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities withease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can beproductive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We needthem to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to twonations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudeson both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic ofright or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage ”refers to those who____.[A] immigrate across the Atlantic[B] leave their home countries for good[C] stay in a foreign temporarily[D]find permanent jobs overseas27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US ____.[A] needs new immigrant categories[B] has loosened control over immigrants[C] should be adopted to meet challenges[D]has been fixed via political means28 According to the author, today ’s birds of passage want___[A] financial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D]the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance.[D]as mighty rivals.30 which is the best title of the passage?[A] come and go: big mistake[B] living and thriving : great risk[C] with or without : great risk[D]legal or illegal: big mistakeText 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if wetake a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or eveneliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judgingwhether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react veryquickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. Toaccurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least aminute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, likeneuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren ’ t exclusive to theinterpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing afast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, eventhough reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast foodwith speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’ redoing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece laststoo long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumerproducts or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good salesrepresentatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a momentbefore buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractivefemale applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outsidescreeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “ thin slice ”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “ thick sliced ”long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple willstay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; twodays, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiatesus from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a fewminutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplatingthe longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn ’changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise abovetemptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B] ‘thin sliced ’study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author ’s attitude toward reversing the high -speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] uncertain[C] optimistic[D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplacewill never be completely family —friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe ’s top corp-ogroavternance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europecorporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards tomaintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent. This proposed mandatewas born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up forgender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal wasconsidered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporateLadder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don ’t like quotas, ”Reding said recently. “But i like what the quotas do. ”Quotas get action: they “open t o h e q w u a a y l i t ty and they breakthrough the glass ceiling, ”according to Reding, a result seen in France and othercountries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top businesspositions.I understand Reding ’sreluctance - and her frustration. I don ’t like quotaseither; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable.Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it doeslook as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europeas the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to topposition —no matter how much “soft pressure ”is put upon them. When womendo break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, SherylSandberg recently did at Facebook —they attract massive attention preciselybecause they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women —whether CEOs ortheir children ’csaregivers a—nd all families, Sandberg would be no morenewsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union ’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding ’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author ’s attitude toward Reding ’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] great er “soft pressure ”Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitableheading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answerson ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)The hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances hislove of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has ￡60 a week to s￡40of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning ￡130,000 a I yearworking in corporate communications and eating at London's betft restaurants'" atleast twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinkingbecame serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt likethat again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gaveme the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Nowhe's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feelingpositive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can -"there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spendon food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is everything[G] Waste not, want not41._____________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance,making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Exceltemplate for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just costeffective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily insteadof weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about whatyou fancy.42____________________________________________________________This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them,there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g ofshin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43_________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not goodenough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning aheadshould eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetablesoup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked or juiced.44___________________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers,delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soonyou'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews,or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often thannot, They will let you have for free.45__________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every fewmonths treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - ￡1.75 a week for threemonths gives you ￡21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch atMichelin- starred Arbutus. It's ￡16.95 there - or ￡12.99 for a large pizza fromDomino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation onANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, whathappened in the news and even the day of the week. I ’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs mymind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away reatly. When Ithink of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don ’ t think it ’ sharder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memorydoesn ’ t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day mygrandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before.I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on the Broadway on the sameday- they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section IV Writing47. Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale foe kids in need of help. Write yourclassmates an email to1) inform them about the details and encourage them to participate .2) Don ’ t use your own name, use “ Li Ming ”instead. Don ’ t write youraddress.(10 points)48 write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart and2)give your commentsYou should write about 150 words2013 考研英语（二）答案Section I use of English1．【答案】A（However ）优势,你也许会认的为,我们将快速步入非现金社会,币【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货语义是金社会很可能不会马上到来”这两句话实现完全电子支付。

2013年英语二真题

2013年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 ，a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D] ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirection:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won’t e arn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] f actories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______.[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect [B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over [D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915,about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-careaides and physic ists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who____.[A] immigrate across the Atlantic[B] leave their home countries for good[C] stay in a foreign temporarily[D]find permanent jobs overseasIt is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US ____.[A] needs new immigrant categories[B] has loosened control over immigrants[C] should be adopted to meet challenges[D] has been fixed via political means28. According to the author, today’s birds of passage want___[A] financial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D]the freedom to stay and leave.29. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance.[D]as mighty rivals.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be _ _[A] Come and Go: Big Mistake[B] Living and Thriving : Great Risk[C] With or Without : Great Risk[D]Legal or Illegal: Big MistakeText 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B]‘thin sliced’ study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant [B] uncertain[C] optimistic [D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on European corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But i like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance-and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women—whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers—and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater“soft pressure”Part BDirection:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitle from the list A - G for each numbered paragraph(41-45). There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is everything[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes onfood, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a I year working in corporate communications and eating at London's best restaurants'" at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - "there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41._____________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42.______________________This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43._______ __You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked or juiced.44.________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, They will let you have for free.45._________________ _You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - £1.75 a week for three months gives you £21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It's £16.95 there - or £12.99 for a large pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away greatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on the Broadway on the same day- they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section IV WritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale foe kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details, and2) encourage them to participate.You should write about 100words on ANSERE SHEET 2Do not use your own name. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write at least 150 words, on the ANWER SHEET 2.(15 points)某高校学生兼职情况。

2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析

2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析2013 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文主要分析了无现金社会为何迟迟不来的原因。

第一段是文章的中心段落，指出真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。

第二、三段从电子支付设备昂贵、纸质支票提供收据、使用纸质支票能获得浮存利息以及电子支付方式存在的安全隐私问题四个方面分析纸币系统得以继续存在的理由。

二、试题解析1．【答案】A （However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。

”而空后说“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”，两者之前出现了明显的转折关系，因此答案A。

B. moreover 表递进C.therefore 表结果D. Otherwise 表对比2．【答案】D （around）【解析】由空格所在句的“but”得知，句子前后是转折关系。

事实上,这样的预测已经二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。

A. off 停止; B. back 返回; C. over 结束，与后文均不构成转折，故答案选 D. around 出现。

3．【答案】B （concept）【解析】空格所在的句子意思为例如, 1975 年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的____”将四个选项带入，能够彻底改变的对象只能是金钱的概念（定义），而A“力量”,C“历史”,D“角色”，语义都不恰当，并且如果选择role 的话，应该是复数roles, 因为是金钱的作用不止一个，故答案选B。

4．【答案】D （reverse）【解析】空格填入的动词跟前面的动词revolutionize （变革）意思上应该是同义替换的，要选择含有变革，彻底改变意思的词汇，四个选项中 A. reward 奖励 B. 抵抗 C. resume 重新开始，继续，都不合适，只有 D 选项reverse“颠覆”最为贴切，本句译为“电子支付方式不久将改变货币的定义,并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。

2013年新课标Ⅱ高考英语试题

绝密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅱ卷)英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考试结束，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷时，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。

不能答在试卷上，否则无效。

例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。

1．--I'm sorry I made a mistake!-- Nobody is perfect.A. Take your timeB. You're rightC.Whatever you sayD. Take it easy2. Would you like to with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come offC. come acrossD. come through3. I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didn't want to spend all day with her.A. butB. andC.soD.or4. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_ I would be staying.A. whatB. whenC. whereD. which5.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from PaddingtonA.caughlB. to have caughtC. to catchD. having caught6. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own.A. canB. mustC. wouldD. need7. We very early so we packed the night before.A. leaveB. had leftC. were leavingD.have left8. The watch was very good, and he 20 percent down for it.A. a good oneB. a better oneC. the best oneD. a best one10. It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.Awhen B. that C. which D. what11 A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics.A. againstB. beforeC. beyondD. without12. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A. can be the patientsB. can the patients be treatedC. the patients can be treatedD.treated can be the patients13.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.A.a;aB. the; theC.不填；theD.a;不填14. It's an either-or situation - we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do .A.othersB. eitherC.anotherD. both15. -Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?- ,if you insistA. Not at allB. It dependsC. All right thenD.I don't care第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后面各题锁哥的四个选项(A、 B、C 和 D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2013年考研英语(二)真题、答案及解析[完整版]

2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates(NETEM)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D] ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and theinformation technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so m uch more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been a acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______.[A] the impact of technological advances [B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills [D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______.[A] work on cheap software [B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle [D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______.[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____.[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution [B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization [D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect [B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over [D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic include settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who____.[A] immigrate across the Atlantic [B] leave their home countries for good[C] stay in a foreign temporarily [D]find permanent jobs overseas27. It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US____.[A] needs new immigrant categories [B] has loosened control over immigrants[C] should be adopted to meet challenges [D]has been fixed via political means28. According to the author, today’s b irds of passage want _____.[A] financial incentives [B] a global recognition[C] opportunities to get regular jobs [D]the freedom to stay and leave29. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated ____.[A] as faithful partners [B] with economic favors[C] with regal tolerance [D]as mighty rivals30. Which is the most title?[A] come and go: big mistake [B] living and thriving : great risk[C] with or without : great risk [D] legal or illegal: big mistakeText 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusiv e to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may ____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions ____.[A] can be associative [B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous [D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should ____.[A] trust our first impression [B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act [D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on _____.[A] critical assessment [B] “thin sliced” study[C] sensible explanation [D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is ______.[A] tolerant [B] uncertain [C] optimistic [D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior managementdecisions, and Europe’s top corpo rate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male .indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But i like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance-and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them. W hen women do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers--and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead [B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed [D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance [B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions [B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family [D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism [B] objectiveness [C] indifference [D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice [B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies [D] greater “soft pressure”Part BRead the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.(10 points)[A] Live like a peasant [B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends [D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need [F] Planning is everything[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a I year working in corporate communications and eating at London's best restaurants'" at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging-not about eating as cheaply as you can-"there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies. 41. __________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for aweek of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42. __________________This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43. __________________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked or juiced.44. __________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, they'll let you have for free.45. __________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - £1.75 a week for three months gives you £21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It's £16.95 there - or £12.99 for a large pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section ⅢTranslation46. Direction:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.(15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week, I’ve been able to do this, since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does-try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day of the week the day of the week day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on Broadway on the same day-they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section Ⅳ WritingPart A47. Direction:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale foe kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details and2) encourage them to participate.Don’t use your own name, use “Li Ming” instead. Don’t write your address.(10 points) Part B48. Direction:Write an essay based on the following table .In your writing you should1) interpret the chart and2) give your commentsYou should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET (15points)某高校学生兼职情况2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案Section I Use of English (10 points)1-5. ADBDC 6-10. BBDBA 11-15. ADCCC 16-20. CABADSection II Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points) 21-25. ADBBC 26-30. CCDCD 31-35. DACDC 36-40. BAADC Part B (10 points) 41-45. FEGCDSection ⅢTranslation (15 points)46. 从过去的53年里随便找出一天，我都能够立刻想起那一天我在哪里，那一天发生了什么新闻，甚至那一天是星期几。

2013年英语二完形

2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon “revolutionize the very 3 of money itself,” only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they9 receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of “float” - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer’s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and17 from someone else’s accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D] ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trail。

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2013年第2次英语AB级考试、全国高等学校计算机课程
联合考试报名工作的通知
各系：
2013年第2次英语AB级考试（PRETCO）和全国高等学校计算机课程联合考试（广东考区）（CCT）报名工作正式启动，考试全部采用计算机无纸化方式进行。

现就有关事项通知如下：
一、报考对象：
1. 全国高等学校计算机课程联合考试（广东考区）：我校全日制非计算机专业本专科学生均可自愿报考（最多可同时报考两个科目）。

通过“计算机应用基础”科目者，本校计算机应用基础课程上学期可免修；通过“网页制作基础”科目者，本校计算机应用基础课程下学期可免修。

2.英语应用能力考试：
A级：我校全日制修完英语课程的大专班学生（体育、艺术类除外）
B级：我校全日制修完英语课程的体育、艺术类学生
注：考试大纲见教务处网页（网址：/ksgl/873578.shtml）
二、考试时间：
1. 全国高等学校计算机课程联合考试：2013年12月28日8：00时起（考试时间为105分钟）。

2. 英语应用能力考试：2013年12月15日8：00时起（考试时间为120分钟）。

三、报名时间及办法：
1.报名时间：2013年9月11日—16日。

考生登录报名系统http://210.38.208.146:8010（用户名为学号，密码为身份证号码），校对个人报名资料，点击“增加报名”选择报考类型，点击“确定”完成报名并返回主页，主页上将显示成功报考的考试项目数。

2.报名完成后退出系统，再次登录系统核对报考类型和报考门数，如发现漏报、错报请及时补正。

逾期将关闭报名系统，不接受退报或补报。

3.考生请认真阅读考试简介，一旦完成网上报名，将不得退报或补报。

4.报名费标准：根据省教育厅、省高校教学考试管理中心通知，计算机课程联合考试报名费为38元/人/科；英语应用能力考试报名费为16元/人/次。

5.报名费缴交方式：报名结束后由教务处学籍考试科统一打印考生名册，发放给考生校对签名。

各系教学员根据名单统一收取报名费后送交财务处。

6.教务员以系为单位统计各班学生报名情况，填写《全国高校计算机课程联合考试报名统计表》、《高等学校英语应用能力考试报名统计表》送交教务处学籍考试科（才林楼204室）。

7.教务处学籍考试科不接受个人报名。

三、如报名系统没有显示照片，必须于16日前（逾期不交者视为放弃报考）按要求[背景浅蓝色，相片的长宽比标准是1.33；成像区上下要求头上部空1/10，头部占7/10，肩部占1/5，左右各空1/10，采集的图象大小最小为192×144（高×宽），成像区大小为48mm×33mm （高×宽），相片尺寸为390*567像素，文件大小100K以内；存储为JPG格式，图象文件名为*.JPG，其中*为考生学号]将电子相片统一交至所在系教务员处，由教务员汇总后交到才林楼204室。

韩山师范学院教务处
2013年9月11日
附件：
高等学校教学考试简介
高等学校教学考试是指《全国高等学校计算机课程联合考试（广东考区）》（英文缩写CCT）、《高等学校英语应用能力考试（A、B级）》（英文缩写PRETCO）。

举办CCT和PRETCO的目的，在于检查和测试广东省高等学校在校学生计算机应用水平和英语应用能力，并提供规范和标准的计算机和英语应用能力的认证。

全国高等学校非计算机专业计算机联合考试（考试科目包括“计算机应用基础”、“Visual Basic”、“Visual FoxPro”、“C++”、“Access数据库”、“Photoshop 图像处理与制作”、“Flash 动漫制作”、“网页制作基础”、Office2010高级应用、Java程序设计、和电子商务），是经全国各省、市、自治区教委（高教厅）第八届高教处长联席会议协议，从一九九七年起举行。

全国高等学校计算机水平考试证书为高等学校非计算机专业在校学生参加全国高等学校计算机考试的成绩证明，取得60分以上（含60分）为合格，80分以上（含80分）为优秀。

全国高等学校计算机水平考试证书发放单位为全国高等学校计算机考试各考区，加盖省、市、自治区高校非计算机专业计算机应用水平考试委员会印章后有效。

高等学校英语应用能力考试是为反映和评价高等学校专科层次（高等专科教育、高等职业技术教育、成人高等教育）修完英语课程的在校生英语应用能力而设立的标准化英语水平考试。

相当于2002年以前举办的“大学英语二、三级考试”。

高等学校英语应用能力考试分A、B两级，A级考试为高职高专学生应该达到的标准要求，B级考试略低于A级考试，是过渡性的要求。

原“大学英语三级考试”相当于“高等学校英语应用能力A级考试”，原“大学英语二级考试”相当于“高等学校英语应用能力B级考试”。

参加“高等学校英语应用能力考试”取得60分以上（含60分）为合格，80分以上（含80分）为优秀，颁发有“高等学校英语应用能力考试委员会”印章的国家级证书。

2013年第2次全国高校计算机课程联合考试报名统计表系别：年月日
注：本表由教学秘书按班号排序填写，不发到班级。

2013年第2次高等学校英语应用能力考试报名统计表系别：年月日
注：本表由教学秘书按班号排序填写，不发到班级。