Lesson 3
新概念英语第一册(Lesson3)学习笔记-全
【课文原文 】
My coat and my umbrella please. Here is my ticket. Thank you, sir. Number five. Here's your umbrella and your coat. This is not my umbrella. Sorry sir. Is this your umbrella? No, it isn't. Is this it? Yes, it is. Thank you very much.
Here is my ticket
正常语序为：
my ticket is here.
例如：
Байду номын сангаас
Here is my father.
Here is my English teacher.
3.Thank you ,sir.
sir, 是英语中对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称。在服务行业中，服务员对 男顾客的称呼通常为 sir:
【课文解析】
1 ．My coat and my umbrella please. 请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。 这是一个省略形式的祈使句，完整的句子应为： Give me my coat and my umbrella, please. 口语中，在语境明确的情况下通常可省略动词和间接宾语， 如：(Show me your) Ticket, please. 请出示你的票。(Show me your)Passport, please. 请出示您的护照。 2.Here is my ticket. Here is =Here's Here is... 是倒装结构，即系动词提前到了主语之前。
新概念英语第三册：Lesson3重点句型解析
【导语】新概念英语⽂章短⼩精悍，语句幽默诙谐，语法全⾯系统。
适合各个阶层的⼈群学习参考。
相信有了新概念英语，你也可以成为“⼤神”级别的⼈物！还在等什么？快来加⼊学习吧！⼩编与您⼀起学习进步！ 1、How did the archaeologists knowthat the statue was a goddess? Some time ago, an interestingdiscovery was made by archaeologists on theAegeanisland of Kea. some time 1>经过若⼲时间 2>在未来的某时 sometime adv.在某⼀时候,曾经, 有⼀天 sometimes adv.不时, 有时中⽂习惯⽤主动语态。
英⽂习惯⽤被动语态。
以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。
An American team explored a temple which standsin an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple。
(which = that) stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位于 =situate(及物) 使位于, 使处于 =locate(及物) 使...坐落于, 位于 whichstands in... = which lies in… = which is located in… = which is situated in... Stand 1>⾝⾼ 2>表⽰⾼⾼坐落于, 矗⽴于 -- She stands 1.75m. 她⾝⾼1.75 ⽶ --Agreattree stands on the mount. ⼀棵⼤树竖⽴在⼭上。
2、The city at one time must havebeen prosperous,forit enjoyed a high level ofcivilization. for引导原因状语从句：对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。
[全]新概念英语第一册 Lesson 3详解
![[全]新概念英语第一册 Lesson 3详解](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/33d7b661b0717fd5360cdcef.png)
新概念英语第一册Lesson 3详解1. umbrella [ʌm'brelə] n.伞umbrella 伞；雨伞；阳伞I felt a few spots of rain so I put my umbrella up. 我感到有几滴雨点，于是便撑起了雨伞。
I left another umbrella on the bus yesterday. 我昨天又把一把伞落在公交车上了。
2. please [pli:z] int.请♥A. please/pli:z/感叹词；感叹语；感叹句exclamation1. used to make a request more polite 好吗，请（用于客气地请求）Could I have two cups of coffee and a tea, please? 给我来两杯咖啡、一杯茶好吗？Please remember to close the windows before you leave.您离开前请记住关上窗户。
2. used to add force to a request or demand 请，求求你（用于加强请求或要求的语气）Please, David, put the knife down. 求求你，戴维，把刀放下。
Oh, please. Do shut up! 好了，别说了！3. UK used especially by children to a teacher or other adult in order to get their attention 让我说（尤指儿童为引起老师或其他成年人的注意时的用语）Please, Miss, I know the answer! 我来说，老师，我知道答案！4. used when accepting something politely or enthusiastically 行，谢谢用于礼貌或热情地接受某物时"More beer?" "Please."“再来点啤酒？”“好的。
新概念英语第一册课件lesson3
umbrella /ʌm'brelə/ n.伞
一把雨伞: an
umbrella
a /an 的用法
相同点：一...（件，把，张）
不同点：a 用于辅音音素开
头的单词前；an 用于元音音 素开头的单词前。
under the umbrella of......在...的保护下
eg.The boy is under the umbrella of the policeman. 男孩儿在警察的保护下。
This is my ticket.
This is not my ticket.
Is this it? Yes, it is.
it 在这里指代的是上文中的umbrella。 it 物它，可指事物，动物 he 他 指男性 she 她 指女性
Lesson 4 Is this your...?
单词讲解：
1. suit /su:t/ n.一套衣服 2. school /sku:l/ n.学校 3. teacher /'ti:tʃə/ n.老师 4. son /sʌn/ n.儿子（同音词sun） 5.daughter /'dɔ:tə/ n.女儿
Homework :
1.单词会读，会听写。 2.课文模仿语调大声朗读，并会背。 3.课本第7页对照图片练习对话。
Here is my ticket.
Here is my... 这是我的... eg: 这是我的钢笔。 Here is my pen.
my可以灵活运用哦 （his,her,your...）
Here's your umbrella and your coat .
=Here is 这里be动词采取“就近原则”
新概念英语 第一册 Lesson 3
字母u 或者o发[ʌ]
umbrella number sun up fun /funny lunch cover other
பைடு நூலகம்
cup bus shut much son money
[ʌ]
Well begun, half done. Well begun is half done. (良好的开始是成功的一半。)
小小绕口令
After dinner sit a while, after supper walk a mile.
单词重音
响亮的音节叫重读音节，不响亮的音节叫非重读音节或 弱读音节。如picture, 重读第一个音节，弱读第二个音 节。
读重读音节的时候，呼出的气流比较强，发音器官 的肌肉也比较用力，因此重读音节需要读得重而强；读 弱读音节的时候，胸腔肌肉用力小，呼出气流较弱。注 意；
the first picture.
[ə]
这是短元音，但发音长度并非是上一个的一半。 舌身平放，舌中部稍微抬起，但比前一个略低； 舌尖抵下齿龈；不要将双唇手圆了；发音时，唇、 舌和牙床都很自然，肌肉一点也不紧张；声带要 振动。
语音示范
er发[ə] worker teacher sister brother letter a发[ə] among about arrive along 其他发[ə] 的字母或字母组合 sugar doctor famous
英语中的每个单词在鼓励发音的时候都是有重音的。
因此，单音节词都要重读。
New words and expressions
Early bird catches the worm. 捷足先登
语音连接：巧分音节：一归后，二分开， 复印连缀不分开
新概念英语第二册lesson-3
以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指精神 上
Lend (lent) (lent ) v. 借出
lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth. Can you lend 50 yuan to me? lend me your ears. 请听过我说。
public house简称pub : 酒吧 ; public place 公共场所. public lavatory ['lævətɔri】 公厕
in public:公开的; in private:私下里的 Let’s have a conversation in private. 让我们私下谈谈? Why not has a conversation in public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?)
Pair discussion!
Now, imagine you are having a trip overseas. And you only have 1, only 1, postcard. Who do you want to send to?
Now, everyone have 3 minutes to tell your partner. Let’s begin!
Germany German
Ireland Irish
Brazil
Brazilian
America American
Greece Greek
Canada Canadian
Australia Australian
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 3
Write these with short forms ：
Here is your pen . Here’s your pen . 1.Here is my ticket . 2.It is not my umbrella . 3.It is your umbrella . 4.It is my pen . 5.It is not my pen .
音标的学习
英语中的音标类似于汉语中的拼音，所 以学好音标后对英语单词的认读有很大 帮助。
音标简介 汉语中的拼音分为声母云母，而英文中
分辅音和元音。元音20个，辅音28个。 今天我们从简单的元音开始学习。
v
sunny lunch
duck but
[ ] jump fun
run hundred
一将那Isb般e是t疑动h问词她a句t提的。h前e含至车r有句吗cb首ea，动？r 句词？号的变陈问述号句，变用成升疑调问。句时， Yse， it is . No ,it isn’t .= No ,it is not .
Is this your umbrella ?
???
Yes ,it is .
那是你爸爸吗 Is that your father ? Yes , he is . No , he isn’t .
He has a daughter studying at harvard.
拉吉夫和索尼娅育有一子一女。
Rajiv and sonia had a son and a daughter.
伞 请 这里 我的 票 号码 五 对不起的 先生 衣帽
suit school teacher son daughter
Everyday English
lesson 3 课文翻译和词汇
adversary ( n.) : person who opposes or fights against another;opponent敌手;敌方;对手 high-tail ( v.) :[colloq.]leave or go in a hurry;scurry off (chiefly in high-tail it )[口]匆忙离开，匆忙走开;迅速撤退;迅速逃走(主要用于high-tail it)
vacillation ( n.) :he state of wavering in mind;hesitation;indecision犹豫;踌躇 dally ( v.) :be slow or waste time闲荡;延误
bulge ( v.) :swell or bend outward;protrude or project膨胀，肿胀;鼓起，隆起，突出
unequivocal ( adj.) :not equivocal;not ambiguous;plain;clear不含糊的;不模棱两可的;明确的;明白的
新概念英语第一册 Lesson 3 课件PPT
关于数字的表达
• 名词+基数词表示第几
• Number one 第一
• Class one
• Grade two
• Day five
• Lesson seven
• Row nine
• 基数词+可数名词复数形式，表示有几个
• Eight handbags three books
• 翻译：四只狗 两个男孩 十个皮球
Lesson 3 Sorry sir
phonics
• B: but但是 blah 废话 口语 blank 空白的 bra 文胸式内衣 bed. blue. brain. beside. bargain. birthday. bacterial
• C：coffee company cook cry character count culture cut • D：D-day天,白天 date日期 dog狗 dam 大坝damage摧毁
very much. • 10. My sister is in _____room. ______ is a teacher. • 11. Jane is a little girl. ______ mother is a nurse. • 12. We are in ______ classroom. _______ classroom is big. • 13. My father and mother are teachers. ______ are busy. • 14. You are a pupil（小学生）. Is ______ brother a pupil, too?
•
二十台电脑 一百张卡片
语法要点
• Sir用于称呼陌生男士，单独使用，不可与 姓氏连用。
新概念英语第二册 Lesson3 (共25张PPT)
• 3)decide / make up one’s mind 区 别
• decide 指经过考虑对疑难问题、争 端等做出决断，含有下决心取舍的 意思。decide 后常接动词不定式和 从句。
• make up one’s mind 指毫不犹豫的 做出决定，意味着“打定主意，下 定决心”。后常接动词不定式，一 般不接从句。
New words
1.send v. 送 派送 send sth. to sb. / send sb. sth 送给某人某物 nd a letter 寄信
send / take 区别： take 强调某人亲自送； take sth to sb 给某人送某物 send 则是通过第三人去送
与send搭配的常用短语
5.single 1)唯一的，单一的： 反义词 double
2)未婚的，独身的： 反义词 married 已婚的
• 6.postcard n. 明信片 卡片 • 有关card词组： • ID card身份证 • credit card信用卡
• 7.museum n. 博物馆 • 扩展： • the Palace Museum 故宫 • the Summer Palace颐和园 • the science museum 科学博物馆
现在进行时：
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在发生的动作或行为。
2.结构：肯定句： 主语+ am/is/are + Ving + 其他. 否定句： 主语+ am /is/are +not + Ving + 其他. （1.在am/is/are后加not. 2.some → any)
一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语 +Ving + 其他 ?
新概念英语第二册课文Lesson3
★⽆忧考新概念英语频道为⼤家整理的新概念英语第⼆册课⽂Lesson3，供⼤家参考。
更多阅读请查看本站频道。
Lesson 3 Please send me a card请给我寄⼀张明信⽚Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!参考译⽂：明信⽚总搅得我假⽇不得安宁。
去年夏天，我去了意⼤利。
我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。
⼀位好客的服务员教了我⼏句意⼤利语，之后还借给我⼀本书。
我读了⼏⾏，但⼀个字也不懂。
我每天都想着明信⽚的事。
假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过⼀张明信⽚。
到了最后⼀天，我作出了⼀项重⼤决定。
我早早起了床，买来了37张明信⽚。
我在房间⾥关了整整⼀天。
然⽽竟连⼀张明信⽚也没写成！Notes on the text 课⽂注释1. a few words，⼏句话。
新概念英语第三册 Lesson 3 文章词汇语法详细解析
•archaeology n. 考古学••词根部分archae-:源⾃自古希腊语，指ancient legends or history, 古代传说或者历史;••后缀-ology: the study of sth. 学科•●∙∙∙Some time 一段时间补充：形近表达sometime adv.在某一时候, 曾经, 有一天sometimes adv.不时, 有时some times 几次•stand(vi.) 此处表示“坐落于”“位于”“（高贵）矗立于” be located in•A great tree stands on the mount. 一棵大树竖立在山上。
There is a temple standing on the top of the mountain. 山顶上有座寺庙。
A row of willows stands on the riverside. 河边长着一排柳树。
补充：同义表达lie (vi.) ; situate(vt.); Locate(vt.) 使...坐落于, 位于which stands in... = which lies in… = which is located in… = which is situated in...补充：stand其他用法Stand 做动词还可以表示“身高”。
She stands 1.75m. 她身高1.75米She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. 她身高三英尺，双手叉腰。
1-3 这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它曾享有高度的文明，The city at one time must have been prosperous，{for it enjoyed a high level of civilization}．生词学习●∙∙∙prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的Our finance is prosperous. 我们的经济非常的繁荣。
新概念一册lesson3
sorry
int.<感叹词>对不起 adj.<形容词>对不起的，遗憾的，难过的 Sorry=I'm sorry. Iam sorry to hear[hɪə(r)] that. 听到此事我很难过。
没关系。
That's all right. It doesn't matter. Never mind.
Read the text by yourself. Then let's do the role play!
Does this man get his umbrella?
My coat and my umbrella please. Here is my ticket.
Thank you , sir. Number five. Here’s your umbrella and your coat.
This is not my umbrella. Sorry, sir.
New words and expressions
umbrella
please
here
my
ticket
number
five
sorry
sir
cloakroom
sun umbrella
folding umbrella [ˈfəʊldɪŋ]
a or an？
一把伞 an umbrella一把Biblioteka 阳伞 a sun umbrella
一把折叠伞 a folding umbrella
apple pencil orange ticket house uncle coat
please
int.<感叹词>请 礼貌用语，用于请求或要求别人做某事
新概念一lesson3课文
新概念一lesson3课文Lesson 3: A puma at largeIn 1904, in the state of California, a strange animal was caught in the mountains. It looked like a cat of enormous size. Actually, it was a puma, one of the animal world's most perfect killing machines. The puma was given to the city zoo where it lived in a small cage.Eighteen years later, in 1922, a wealthy Englishwoman called Mrs. Armitage arrived in California to spend her vacation. Wherever she went, she brought her pet puma with her. She could not bear to part with the animal. One evening, Mrs. Armitage held a reception in a hotel in San Diego. The cat was at the foot of the steps leading up to the entrance. It suddenly awoke from its sleep, and, seeing Mrs. Armitage at the top of the steps, rushed up towards her. The puma brushed past her and disappeared. People tried to stop it, but the animal was too quick; it leapt over their heads and raced down the road. As soon as it was dark, it killed a dog. It then returned to its cage in the zoo.For several weeks, the puma continued to escape from the zoo. It killed 127 animals, including zebras and deer. Although many hunters tried to shoot it, no one succeeded in killing it. Whenever it heard a gun being fired, it hid in the bushes and remained there for hours. The puma had found the perfect hiding place high up in the mountains. There it lived and there it was to die.The puma was clever enough to attack animals which were larger than itself. It always broke its victim's neck with a neat blow. Iteven killed young animals who were under the protection of their mother. When taking a drink, the puma was careful not to make a sound and when it moved, its feet did not give any warning. What made the puma such a dangerous killer was its patience. It could wait for hours or even days until it saw an animal alone and unable to defend itself.。
新概念英语lesson3课文
新概念英语lesson3课文Lesson 3。
In this lesson, we are introduced to a new character, Mrs. Smith. She is a housewife and she has a daily routine that she follows every day. Mrs. Smith wakes up at 6:30 in the morning and she gets up immediately. She makes breakfast for her family and then she wakes up her children at 7:00. After breakfast, she helps her children get ready for school and then she sees them off at 8:00. 。
Once her children are off to school, Mrs. Smith starts her household chores. She cleans the house, does the laundry, and prepares lunch for her family. She is a very organized person and she likes to have everything in order. After finishing her chores, she sits down to have a cup of tea and relax for a while.In the afternoon, Mrs. Smith goes to the market to buy groceries for dinner. She likes to cook fresh meals for her family every day. She enjoys trying out new recipes and experimenting with different ingredients. Cooking is one of her passions and she takes great pride in preparing delicious meals for her loved ones.After dinner, Mrs. Smith spends some quality time with her family. They watch TV together or play board games. Mrs. Smith believes in the importance of family bonding and she cherishes these moments spent with her loved ones. 。
Lesson3高级英语
Lesson3高级英语Lesson Three1. catch n. a quantity that is caught 捕获量2. good adj. satisfactory; satisfying 理想的；令人满意的3. bow n. the front section of a ship or boat 船头The waves were about five feet now, and the bow of the boat was leaping up and down.4. stern n. back end of a ship or boat船尾standing at/in the stern of the boat 站在船尾5. prospect n.前景，前途；可能性；希望，期望，想到something expected; a possibility; chance of success, outlook …experiencing a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in socks.The prospects of a good catch looked bleak.6. bleak n. 没有指望的；黯淡的；荒凉的；阴沉寒冷的providing no encouragement; depressing; (of a landscape) bare; exposed; wind-swept; (of the weather) cold and drearya bleak winter day冬天的一个阴冷日子.a bleak outlook/ prospect黯淡的前景[前途]bleak hills, mountains, moors, etc荒凉的丘陵﹑群山﹑旷野等7. lap /doc/58d984e49a6648d7c1c708a1284ac850ad 0204db.html pping n. 拍打When water laps against something such as the shore or the side of a boat, it touches it gently and makes a soft sound. (WRITTEN)With a rising tide the water was lapping at his chin before rescuers arrived.The building was right on the river and the water lapped thewalls.The only sound was the lapping of the waves.8. at rest— motionless; inactive 静止的；不动的9. dune n. a hill or ridge of wind-blown sand 沙丘10. comparable to相提并论；相媲美；相似或相当similar or equivalentThe achievements of an athlete and a writer are not comparable. 运动员的成就与作家的成就不能相提并论11. feed vt. 供给to supply with something essential for growth, maintenance, or operationThe lake is fed by several small streams. 这湖是由几条小溪的水汇聚而成的feed the fire (with wood) 往火里添柴12. divert vt. diversion n. 转向；转移to turn aside from a course or direction; to distractA ditch diverted water from the stream into the fields.Traffic was ordered to divert to another road because of the repair of the main road. 由于主干道在进行修理，所以命令车辆改道行驶A loud noise from the street diverted my attention.13. ill-considered adj.考虑不充分的；不妥当的；不明智的unwise; foolish; not carefully thought about or plannedill-considered actions sure to result in disaster必然导致灾难的不明智之举14. irrigation n. irrigate v. irrigable adj.灌溉supply (land or crops) with water (by means of streams, reservoirs, channels, pipes, etc)irrigate desert areas to make them fertile灌溉荒芜地区使之肥沃an irrigation project灌溉工程irrigation canals灌溉渠15. dock vt. （指船）进港, 进入船坞to maneuver (a vessel or vehicle) into or next to a dock16. ship vt. 运送If people or things are shipped somewhere, they are sent there on a ship or by some other means of transport.Food is being shipped to drought-stricken Southern Africa.VB: usu. passive17. rail n. 铁路the railroad as a means of transportationgoods transported by rail通过铁路运输的货物18. underlying adj.基础的；基本的；出现但不明显的；隐含的basic; fundamental; present but not obvious; implicitan underlying meaning19. slip vt.穿上；脱去to put on or remove (clothing) easily or quicklyslip on a sweater; slipped off her shoes穿上一件羊毛衫；脱下她的鞋20. cracked adj.皲裂的; 有裂缝的broken so that fissures appear on the surfacea cracked mirror/ dry, cracked lips21. peel vi. 剥落；剥皮to come off in thin strips or pieces, as bark, skin, or paint Her sunburned skin began to peel.22. glacier n.冰河，冰川A huge mass of ice slowly flowing over a land mass, formed from compacted snow in an area where snow accumulation exceeds melting and sublimation23. emission n.emit vi. something emitted 发射物; 排放物dust emission 粉尘排放24. accessible adj. access n. 易接近的，易进入的easily approached or entereda beach accessible only from the sea 只能从海上到达的沙滩documents not accessible to the public公众无法接触到的文件25. pick up speed= accelerate /speed up 加速26. carbon dioxide二氧化碳27. upwind adv. downwind adv. 逆风的，顶风的in or toward the direction from which the wind blowsIf we're upwind of the animal it may smell our scent. 要是我们处於那动物的上风位置, 它就能闻到我们的气味28. runway n. 跑道a strip of level, usually paved ground on which aircraft take off and land29. chart vt. & n. to make a chart of 绘制…的图表30. inexorable adj.无动于衷的；无情的；不可阻挡的(AmE) not capable of being persuaded by entreaty; relentless (BrE) (formal) (of a process) that cannot be stopped or changed an inexorable opponent 无情的对手inexorable price rises 无法抑制的物价上涨their inexorable fate他们无可变更的命运a feeling of inexorable doom31. measurement n. 测量得的尺寸、数量、容量等the dimension, quantity, or capacity determined by measuring32. graph n.曲线图, 坐标图=plot；图表 =bar chart/ pie chart(diagram consisting of a) line or lines (often curved) showing the variation of two quantities, eg the temperature at each hour: the rising graph of crime statistics33. push up/down 使稳步上升；使逐步下降to increase or decrease an amount, value, or numberSlow sales have pushed down orders.34. pitch vt.to erect or establish; set up 树起，搭起，建立pitched a tent/ pitch camp搭帐蓬；扎营35. slab n. 厚片a broad, flat, thick piece, as of cake, stone, or cheesepaved with stone slabs以石板铺成的massive slabs of rock巨大的石板a slab of cheese, chocolate一块乾酪﹑巧克力36. frigid adj.寒冷的, 特别的冷；冷淡的；生硬的Extremely cold; not showing any feelings of friendship or kindness; stiff and formal in mannera frigid voice/ glanceThere was a frigid atmosphere in the room.冷淡的气氛a frigid climate/ zone/ air37. hearty adj. satisfying; substantial 丰盛的a hearty meal38. snowmobile n.= skimobile automobile n. 雪地机动车a small vehicle with ski like runners in front and tank like treads, used for driving in or traveling on snow. Also called39. rendezvous n.会面地点a prearranged meeting place, especially an assembly point for troops or ships.40. hover vi. 滑翔，悬浮，盘旋to remain floating, suspended, or fluttering in the airBeautiful butterflies hovered above the wild flowers.A police helicopter hovered overhead.Mist hovered in all the valleys.41. take on让乘客上车If a vehicle such as a bus or ship takes on passengers, goods, or fuel, it stops in order to allow them to get on or to be loaded on.This is a brief stop to take on passengers and water.42. submerge vi. 潜入水中to go under or as if under waterThe submarine submerged to avoid enemy ships.43. polar cap 极地冰冠either of the regions around the poles of the earth that are permanently covered with ice44. secure vt.To make certain; ensure 确定；确保Despite making several good jokes, he could not secure the goodwill of the audience.尽管他说了几个有趣的笑话，但是仍无法确定观众是否接受他The new law will secure the civil rights of the mentally ill. 这一新法则可保障精神病患者享有公民权45. release vt. & n.发布；透露If someone in authority releases something such as a document or information, they make it available.They're not releasing any more details yet.Figures released yesterday show retail sales were down in March.46. sonar n.声纳a system using transmitted and reflected underwater sound waves to detect and locate submerged objects or measure the distance to the floor of a body of water47. surface vi.to rise to the surface升到地面（或水面等）48. eerie adj. 怪诞的, 可怕的, 不安的, 奇异的If you describe something as eerie, you mean that it seemsstrange and frightening, and makes you feel nervous.I walked down the eerie dark path....an eerie calm49. windswept adj. 风刮的，受风侵袭的exposed to or swept by windsthe windswept Atlantic coast50. define vt. 勾画出…的轮廓或外形to delineate the outline or form ofgentle hills that were defined against the sky 在天空的衬托下显得轮廓分明的丘陵51. hummock n.冰丘；冰脊或冰山；小丘，圆岗；山脊a ridge or hill of ice in an ice field ; a low mound or ridge of earth; a knoll52. ridge n.山脊; 山脉narrow stretch of high land along the top of a line of hills; long mountain range53. range n. 山脉an extended group or series, especially a row or chain of mountains54. polar region/ polar bear/ polar ice/ polar cap55. crucial adj. 极其重要的; 决定性的extremely significant or important. Vital to the resolution of a crisis; decisivea crucial problem56. disastrous adj. disaster n. 灾难性的；不幸的；极坏的，很糟的accompanied by or causing distress or disaster; calamitous; extremely bad; terriblea disastrous report card 极糟的成绩报告单57. speculative adj. speculate vt. speculation n.猜测性的，推测的given to conjecture or speculationMuch of our information is speculative.我们的许多信息是带推测性的58. dramatic adj. 引人注目的arresting or forceful in appearance or effectdramatic changes, developments, news59. distribution n. distribute vt.分布(instance of the) positioning or allocation of items, features, etc within an area:the distribution of schools in this district 这个区里的学校分布情况Pines have a very wide distribution. 松树的分布很广60. controversial adj. 有争议的; 引起争论的of, producing, or marked by controversya controversial movie; a controversial stand on human rights.controversy n.论争, 辩论, 论战controvert vt. 议论, 辩论 vi.参加辩论61. establish vt. to make firm or secure确立, 确定, 证实, 认可The new evidence establishes the suspect's guilt.62. tundra n. 苔原; 冻土地带a treeless area between the icecap and the tree line of Arctic regions, having a permanently frozen subsoil and supporting low-growing vegetation such as lichens, mosses, and stunted shrubs63. spring snowmelt 融雪期a period or season when the runoff from melting snow occurs64. equator n.赤道imaginary line (or one drawn on a map, etc) around the earth at an equal distance from the North and South Poles65. billow vi.鼓起；飘扬，飘动；（浓烟）滚滚(of a sail, skirt, etc.) to fill with air and swell out; if smoke, cloud, etc. billows, it rises and moves in a large mass The curtains billowed gently in the breeze.A great cloud of smoke billowed out of the chimney.66. immense adj.extremely large巨大的；广大的immense difficulties, problems, possibilities 巨大的困难﹑问题﹑可能性of immense importance极为重要的67. slash v.猛砍；乱砍to cut or try to cut something violently with a knife, sword etcSomeone had slashed the tires.68. assault n. and vt.攻击，抨击a violent physical or verbal attackHe has been charged with assaulting a police officer.sexual assaultsan unsuccessful assault on the enemy lines69. signal vt. to relate or make known by signals 表明；表示；预示They have signaled their willingness to negotiate.70. distress n. & vt. 恶化，损坏；Physical deterioration, as of a highway, caused by hard use over time:pavement distress71. distressing adj. 使人痛苦的; 令人苦恼的distressful,causing distressdistressing news 使人难过的消息a distressing sight令人伤感的情景72. latitude n. 纬度distance of a place north or south of the equator, measured in degrees73. altitude n.height above sea-level 高度；海拔74. longitude n.经线distance east or west of the Greenwich meridian, measured in degrees75. ecological balance/ the global ecological system76. in progress 正在进展中If something is in progress, it has started and is still continuing.The game was already in progress when we took our seats.The diaries are a mixture of confession, work in progress and observation.77. blot out 遮盖If one thing blots out another thing, it is in front of the other thing and prevents it from being seen.About the time the three climbers were halfway down, clouds blotted out the sun.... with mist blotting everything out except the endless black of the spruce on either side.78. cloak vt. 掩盖；隐藏to cover or hide or conceal with or as if with a cloakThe hills were cloaked in thick mist.The meeting was cloaked in mystery.79. shimmer vi. 闪光，发闪烁之微光to shine with a subdued, flickering lightmoonlight shimmering on the lake 湖面上闪烁的月光The surface of the road shimmered in the heat of the sun. 路面在烈日的热气中发出闪烁的微光.80. translucent adj. 半透明的transmitting light but causing sufficient diffusion to prevent perception of distinct images81. transparent adj. 透明的capable of transmitting light so that objects or images can be seen as if there were no intervening material82. buildup n. 增加，增强; 集结, 累积a gradual increase in somethinga heavy build-up of traffic on the motorway83. methane n. = natural gas 甲烷84. landfill n. 垃圾填埋地；垃圾填埋法Landfill is a method of getting rid of very large amounts of rubbish by burying it in a large deep hole.A landfill is a large deep hole in which very large amounts of rubbish are buried.85. (rice) paddy稻田a specially irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown86. termite n. 白蚁small insect, found chiefly in tropical areas, that is very destructive to timber (popularly called white ant, but not of the ant family)87. biomass n. 用作燃料或能源的植物材料、蔬菜或农业废弃物plant material, vegetation, or agricultural waste used as a fuel or energy source88. condense vi. 凝结，冷凝to cause (a gas or vapor) to change to a liquidSteam condenses/is condensed into water when it touches a cold surface.89. simultaneous adj. 同时的；同时发生的happening, existing, or done at the same timesimultaneous demonstrations in London and New York 在伦敦与纽约同时举行的示威游行The explosion was timed to be simultaneous with the plane's take-off.90. theatre n. 战场a large geographic area in which military operations are coordinatedthe European theater during World War II.91. operation n. 运转；工作；操作（方式）way in which something worksI can use a word processor but I don’t understand its operation.the operation of the global environment 全球环境的运行机制92. at stake =at risk 濒临危险；得失攸关to be won or lost; being risked, depending on the outcome of an event This decision puts our lives at stake. 这麽一决定, 我们的生命就吉凶难卜了93. strategic adj. 战略性的；重大的，关键的important or essential in relation to a plan of action; giving an advantage; right for a particular purposea strategic position, move 战略地位﹑行动a strategic withdrawalstrategic bombing, eg of industrial areas and communication centers 战略轰炸strategic materials, ie those that are necessary for war 战略物资94. chlorine n. 氯95. disrupt vt. 干扰，扰乱; 使陷入混乱to throw into confusion or disorderProtesters disrupted the candidate's speech.96. regulate vt. regulation n.调节; 调整to adjust to a particular specification or requirementregulate temperature97. ultraviolet radiation 紫外线辐射98. molecule n. 分子; 微粒smallest unit (usu consisting of a group of atoms) into which a substance can be divided without a change in its chemical natureA molecule of water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.99. pose vt. to put forward; present 造成，形成; 引起pose a threat to…对…构成威胁t o pose an obstacle to 成为…障碍100. retain vt. 保持，保留to keep or hold in a particular place, condition, or position to retain one's balanceretain one's presence of mind 镇定自若retain an appearance of youtha vessel to retain water101. equilibrium n. 平衡，均衡a condition in which all acting influences are canceled by others, resulting in a stable, balanced, or unchanging system 102. ocean current 海流; 洋流A current is a steady and continuous flowing movement of some of the water in a river, lake, or sea.Under normal conditions, the ocean currents of the tropical Pacific travel from east to west.103. location n. 地方：地点a place where something is or could be located; a site104. have a large impact on… have a lasting effect on…105. reshape vt. 改造; 重塑; 给…以新的形式to shape, form, or organize again or anewexercises to reshape your bodyTheir policies set out to reshape the welfare system.106. concrete n. & adj. 混凝土；具体的；实在的107. pervasive adj. pervade v. pervasion n. 弥漫的；遍布的having the quality or tendency to pervade or permeate108. trivial adj. 无足轻重的；琐碎的，不重要; 没有什么价值的of little significance or value109. discard vt.dispose of; to throw away; reject丢弃，抛弃If you discard something, you get rid of it because you no longer want it or need it.Read the manufacturer's guidelines before discarding the box....looking for discarded cigarette butts.discard old beliefs/ discard prejudices110. dominant adj. dominate vt. domination n.支配的; 最有影响的exercising the most influence or control111. acknowledge vt. 承认；公认为；认为If you acknowledge a fact or a situation, you accept or admit that it is true or that it exists. (FORMAL) = admitNaylor acknowledged, in a letter to the judge, that he was a drugaddict.If someone's achievements, status, or qualities are acknowledged, they are known about and recognized by a lot of people, or by a particular group of people. = recognizeHe is also acknowledged as an excellent goal-keeper.112. restraint n. 抑制; 遏制, 制止; 限制; 约束Restraints are rules or conditions that limit or restrict someone or something.With open frontiers and lax visa controls, criminals could cross into the country without restraint.113. be oblivious of 健忘的；忘却的；不知不觉的；不自觉的Lacking all memory; forgetful Lacking conscious awareness; unmindful 114. fragile adj. fragility n. 易被打碎的、易被毁坏的；脆弱的easily broken, damaged, or destroyed; frail115. witness vt.If you say that a place, period of time, or person witnessed a particular event or change, you mean that it happened in that place, during that period of time, or while that person was alive.India has witnessed many political changes in recent years.The year 1886 witnessed the first extended translation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi.116. define vt. to specify distinctly 限定, 规定117. surge n.sudden increase 激增There’s a surge in electricity demand at around 7 pm.118. magnification n. 放大; 扩大the act of magnifying or the state of being magnified119. illustration n. illustrate vt.120. emergence n. emerge v. 浮现，出现the act or process of emerging121. exponential adj. exponent n. 指数的122. axiom n.格言; 定理; 公理123. warfare n.124. cumulative adj. cumulate vt.125. sustenance n.126. unrestrained adj. restrain vt.127. exploitation n. exploit vt.128. implication n. imply vt. 含意129. awaken vt.When you awaken to a fact or when someone awakens you to it, you become aware of it. (LITERARY)...the picture of the Earth, so blue and fragile, that awakened a generation to the Earth's mortality.130. symptom n. 征候，征兆; 迹象或表征a characteristic sign or indication of the existence of something else 131. ozone depletion132. deforest v. deforestation n. 砍伐森林to cut down and clear away the trees or forests fromdeforestation n.133. operate vi.134. cause and effect135. ecological system = ecosystem136. precedent n. 先例an act or instance that may be used as an example in dealing with subsequent similar instances137. subsequent adj. 随后的following in time or order; succeeding138. subsequence n. 后来, 随后; 随后发生的事情; 后果139. i nstitution n.140. all-out adj. 竭尽全力的，不择手段的using all available means or resources141. sobering adj. 使清醒的, 使冷静的You say that something is a sobering thought or has a sobering effect when a situation seems serious and makes youbecome serious and thoughtful.It is a sobering thought that in the 17th century she could have been burnt as a witch.142. strategy n. strategist n. strategic adj.143. obscure vt. obscurity n. 遮住; 遮掩；使模糊；使朦胧to make dim or indistinct: T o conceal in obscurity; hideTrees obscured his vision.The moon was obscured by dark clouds144. deploy vt. deployment n.部署; 配置To deploy troops or military resources means to organize or position them so that they are ready to be used.The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops....the US-made Patriot anti-missile system which was deployed in the Gulf war.145. inspire vt.to draw forth; elicit or arouse 引起, 产生Someone or something that inspires a particular emotion or reaction in people makes them feel this emotion or reaction.The car's performance is effortless and its handling is precise and quickly inspires confidence.146. arise out of 由...而引起, 由...而产生147. obsolete adj. outdated 废弃的；过时的148. disarm vi. 解除武装; 裁减[废除]军备give up the use of weapons, esp. nuclear weapons149. unilateral adj. 一方的; 单方的of, on, relating to, involving, or affecting only one side150. bilateral adj.双边的，双方的affecting or undertaken by two sides equally; binding on both parties 151. denial n. deny vt. 拒绝a refusal to comply with or satisfy a request152. rogue n. 无赖，流氓，恶棍an unprincipled, deceitful, and unreliable person; a scoundrel or rascal.153. gene n. genetic adj.genetic engineering154. drastic adj. 严厉或剧烈的；极端的severe or radical in nature; extreme155. reinvent vt. 重新确立或使用to bring back into existence or usereinvented the concept of neighborliness 重新确立睦邻的概念156. heal vt. to set right; repair使恢复正常；修缮healed the rift between us 弥补我们之间的裂痕157. relate to。