自考《英汉翻译教程》第一章习题答案以及考试重点
自考英汉翻译教程重点
英汉翻译教程一、课程介绍《英汉翻译教程》是全国高等教育自学考试英语专业本科阶段的一门必考课程。
英汉翻译包括英译汉和汉译英,是一门实践性很强的课程。
本课程除简单介绍中外翻译理论知识外,主要是通过对照阅读,引导应考者研究英汉两种语言的差异,找出英汉互译的规律,用以指导实践。
本课程与英语专业其他课程相辅相成。
它作为一门实践课,有赖于英语专业其他课程为应考者打下良好的英语基础,使应考者掌握一定的词汇量和语法知识,初步达到阅读英文原著的水平,并有有定的写作能力,因而具备从事英汉翻译的条件。
另一方面,通过大量的翻译实践和语言对比研究,应考者可以进一步认识英汉两种语言各自的特点。
例如,汉语多重复实词,主谓搭配较松多用并列结构;英语英多用代称,主谓搭配较紧,多用主从结构,等等。
这是本课程的重点。
但在翻译时,往往因受原文的影响,从容易忽略在译中体现上述特点。
这也就是本课程难学之处。
但通常学习本课程,了解了英汉两种语言各自的特点,并能在翻译实践中恰当地加以运用,定会提高使用两种语言的能力和翻译水平。
这对于应考者打好英语基础,学好英语专业其他课程,也是有益的。
本课程采取单元教学,共分十个单元。
单元中每课有对照阅读和练习,并附有提示和解说。
每单元有一小结,重点说明通过语言对比可以看出的英汉两种语言各自的特点。
二、学习要求1.熟悉英汉两种语言各自的特点;2.能将中等难度的英语文章译成汉语,内容准确、内容流畅;3.能将比较简易的汉语文章译英语,用词得当,语法平稳。
三、试题类型:第一题:选择题(30分)。
80%来自于课本中每单元后的小结,非常重要,一定要看。
考点:看似简单的句子的翻译、俚语的翻译、翻译常识等。
第二题:短语翻译:英译汉、汉译英。
后面我们给的补充材料中,会包括80%的题。
第三题:改错题:英译汉、汉译英改错。
第四题:段落翻译四、课程内容概要:第一单元故事1.故事选篇。
其特点是:以第一人称或第三人称讲述自己或别人的经历。
英汉翻译基础教程练习答案
英汉翻译基础教程练习答案汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语,注意词语的不同搭配1. a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子,注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句,注意词的选择和搭配。
英汉互译自考试题及答案
英汉互译自考试题及答案一、单句翻译(共20分,每题4分)1. 翻译以下英文句子为中文,并注意保持原句的意境和语法结构。
"Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm."答案:成功是从一个失败走向另一个失败,却不失去热情的能力。
2. 将下列中文句子翻译成英文,注意语法和词汇的准确使用。
“知识就是力量。
”答案:"Knowledge is power."3. 翻译以下英文句子为中文,并注意时态和语态的转换。
"Many people believe that physical exercise is beneficial to health."答案:许多人认为体育锻炼对健康有益。
4. 将下列中文句子翻译成英文,注意保持原句的修辞色彩。
“春天的花朵在温暖的阳光下盛开。
”答案:"Flowers in spring bloom under the warm sunshine."5. 翻译以下英文句子为中文,并注意词义的选择和语境的适应。
"The company is planning to expand its operations overseas."答案:该公司正计划将其业务扩展到海外。
二、段落翻译(共30分,每题10分)1. 将以下英文段落翻译成中文。
"In recent years, the popularity of online shopping has surged. It offers consumers a convenient way to purchase a wide variety of goods without leaving the comfort of theirown homes. This trend has led to a significant growth in thee-commerce industry, which has, in turn, created numerous job opportunities."答案:近年来,网上购物的受欢迎程度急剧上升。
英汉互译自考本科试题及答案
英汉互译自考本科试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 将下列汉语句子翻译成英语:“他每天都会阅读一个小时。
”A) He reads every day for an hour.B) He reads for an hour every day.C) Reading every day for an hour.D) Every day he reads for an hour.答案:B2. 下列英语句子中,哪一项翻译成汉语是“她喜欢在公园里散步”?A) She likes to walk in the park.B) She likes walking in the park.C) She likes to walking in the park.D) She likes park to walk in.答案:A3. 将“这个孩子太小,还不能上学。
”翻译成英语,正确的是:A) The child is too young to go to school.B) The child is too young to go to school yet.C) The child is too young to go to school already.D) The child is not young enough to go to school.答案:A4. 下列哪项英语句子的汉语翻译是“他们正在讨论如何解决这个问题。
”?A) They are discussing how to solve this problem.B) They are talking about how to fix this issue.C) They are debating how to deal with this problem.D) All of the above.答案:D5. “我昨天晚上看了一部电影。
”用英语怎么说?A) I watched a movie last night.B) I saw a film last night.C) Both A and B are correct.D) I looked at a movie last night.答案:C6. 将“她害怕黑暗。
英汉翻译教程 自考英语Unit_1_Lesson_3
Important sentences and phrases
唯其不是文学家,我就不受文学规律的限 制。 我不是文学家,不属于任何派别,所以我 就不受限制。 As long as I’m not a man of letters, I’m not subject to any rules of literature. Tip:唯其:正因为 受。。限制:be subjected to
4. man of letters 文学家 5.我最恨那些欺名盗世、欺骗读者的谎言。 A. That I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies. B. Whatever I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies. C. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers they deceive the public with their lies. D. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.
我说我写作如同在生活,又说作品的最高境 界是写作同生活的一致,是作家同人的一致, 主要的意思是不说谎。 When I say that I write like I live, and that the highest ideal a work of literature can attain is to be at one with life, and that an author should be able to identify with his readers, I basically mean that books and their authors should never tell lies.
自考翻译第一章
•
他是我父亲。 He is my father. 这姑娘是漂亮。 This girl is really beautiful. 此人是书就读。 This man reads every book he can reach. 是可忍,孰不可忍? If this can be tolerated. What cannot ? 是古非今 praise the past condemn the present.
一、翻译基础知识讲解
一、翻译基础知识讲解
• • • • • • • 例1:kill 1)They killed a bottle of whisky between them. 【译文】他们两人喝完了一瓶威士 忌酒。 2)He killed ten good years on that job. 【译文】他在那件工作上浪费了整 整10年。 3)Her bright red hat killed the quiet colour of her dress. 【译文】她戴着一顶红色的帽子, 这和她一身的素装很不相称。 4)These flowers kill easily. 【译文】这些花很容易枯死。 5)The funny play nearly killed me. 【译文】这出有趣的戏几乎把我笑 死。 6)That bus ride every day kills off allued)
• • • • • • • 看 看电视 watch TV 看黑板 look at the blackboard 看电影 see a film 看地图 study a map 看小说 read a novel 看朋友 visit a friend
Exercises
Adv into adj.
• He routinely radioed another agent on the ground. • 他跟另一个地勤人员进行了例行的无线电 联络。
英汉翻译教程自学指导书
《英汉翻译教程》自学指导书作业及答案一.填空1.翻译的过程大体可分为、和三个阶段。
2.从到是我过翻译事业高度发达的时期。
3. 所谓忠实,首先指忠实于,还指。
4. 表达的好坏主要决定于对原文,以及对译文语言的。
5.句序是指复合句中和的顺序。
6.英语中表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态的形容词,在联系动词后作表语用时,往往可以转译成。
7.重复法实际上也是一种,只不过所增加的词时上文刚刚出现过的词。
8.限制性定语从句对修饰的起限制作用。
9.溶合法是指把原句中的和从句溶合在一起译成一个独立句子的一种翻译方法。
10.长句的译法主要有、、和。
.11.习语是长时间使用而提炼出来的。
12.英语习语包括、、等。
13.习语的英语译法有、和。
14.翻译外来词语的四种主要办法是:、、和。
15.理解主要是通过来进行。
二、简答题1.校核阶段应注意的有哪几点?2.什么时增词法和省略法?3.列举分句法和合句法的几种分类。
4.什么是直译和意译?三.翻译下列短语1.soft pillow2.soft music3.soft cushion4.soft wood5.soft money6.soft drink7.soft breeze8.soft light9.soft voice 10.soft fire11.soft hat 12.soft words 13.soft answer 14.soft goods 15.soft heart 16.great contributions 17.eternal glory to 18.in chaos 19.street gossip 20.hold on四.翻译下列句子1.Unemployment is widespread in some countries.2.The employers there used violence.3.There is some truth in what he says.4.Our hearty desire is the establishment of a lasting peace in the world.5.He tried to catch one of the rafts with a boat-hook,but missed.6.My first thirty years were spent in Western America.7. There are plans to break the company up into several smaller independent companies.8. This matter is too important to be left in the control of an inexperienced lawyer.9. Upon agreement by both parties through consultation ,a new contract may be signed.10. The coal-mining heartland of Shanxi province had the biggest problem.11.We may safely say so.12.The first bombs missed the target.13.He’s not stupid, merely ignorant.14.I also told him how appealing I found the offer.15.I take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him.五、翻译短文A.It can be difficult in the middle of winter — especially if you live in the frigid Northeastern United States, like I do —to remain convinced that global warming will be such a bad thing. Beyond the fact that people prefer the warmth to the cold, there's a reason the world's population is clustered in the tropics and sub-tropics: warmer climates usually mean longer and richer growing seasons. So it's easy to imagine that on a warmer globe, the damage inflicted by more frequent and severe heat waves might be balanced by the agricultural benefits of warmer temperatures.BI want all our children to go to schools worthy of their potential-schools that challenge them, inspire them, and instill in them a sense of wonder about the world around them. I want them to have the chance to go to college-even if their parents aren't rich. And I want them to get good jobs: jobs that pay well and give them benefits like health care, jobs that let them spend time with their own kids and retire with dignity.C.A centuries-old tradition of wearing a white horse-hair wig in court ended for many judges when a simpler new dress code came into force.While judges in criminal cases will still wear them, those in civil and family hearings will appear bare-headed in court, wearing a new-style plain black robe, the British government said.After a long debate, the Lord Chief Justice, Lord Philips, head of the judiciary in England and Wales, finally ordered the changes in an attempt to modernise the courts.D.Former US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice has made a key step in her post-Bush administration career: The William Morris Agency (WMA) announced on Wednesday that it has signed her as a client.The former professor and Stanford University provost has been in the Bush administration since its beginning, first as national security adviser and then as secretary of state. Her appointment ended on Tuesday afternoon, after Barack Obama was sworn in as president.作业参考的答案一.填空1. 理解、表达和校核2.隋代到唐代3.原作的内容;保持原作的风格4.理解的深度;修养程度 5.主句和从句 6.汉语动词 7.增词法 8.先行词 9.主语和定语 10.顺序法、逆序法、分译法和综合法 11.固定短语或短句 12.俗语、谚语、俚语 13.直译法、汉语同义习语的套用法、意译法 14.音译、意译、半音半意译、附加说明 15.原文的上下文二、简答1.答:(一)校核译文在人名、地名、日期、方位、数字等方面有无错漏;(二)校核译文的段、句、或重要的词有无错漏;(三)修改译文中译错的和不妥的句子、词组和词;(四)力求译文没有冷僻罕见的词汇或者陈腔滥调,力求译文段落、标点符号正确无误;(五)通常必须校核两边。
英译汉教程第一章练习答案
他爱好学习,了解知识,并授之于人。
4) Linda is a good singer and a good dancer, a great actress and a great joker.
琳达不仅是一位优秀的歌唱家和舞蹈家,而且是一位天资卓越的演员和了不起的幽默大师。
就像那位最明智的委员所评论的,他们在锡兰所展示的某些部分有点Potemkin(造作)的味道。
4)The Japanese imperialists tried to make hell while the sun shines.
日本帝国主义企图在光天化日之下制造人间地狱。
5)Not without reason Mr. Dulles was called a bull in the Indo-China shop.
从摩洛哥城堡到波斯湾石油井架的阿拉伯人以及从美国到中国的外交家们都津津有味地拜读他的著作。
8)He was the acting president of the organization of African Unity.
他是非洲统一组织的代理秘书长。
她很乐意发言。
8)News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.
通过无线电传来了某一藏油丰富地区的消息。
9)News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.
这对克服困难有很大的帮助。
2)Go it while you are young.
《英译汉教程》练习参考答案
普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材英译汉教程练习参考答案连淑能厦门大学教授、博导Chapter 1 General PrinciplesDrills 1.3.1(1) 1. 这对克服困难很有帮助。
(go a long way towards something/doing something = helpgreatly in [achieving] something, OALD 2002: 525;《新英汉词典》2000: 1577)2. 趁你还年轻的时候,加油吧!/青春不再,趁早努力。
(go it = act in a manner that is quicker,more lively, impatient, etc., than is usual. Longman Dictionary of English Idioms1979: 130;《英汉大词典》1993: 740)3. 我需要更多空闲的时间。
(could do with something = need or want something, LDCE1998: 435)4. 这次失败促使他成功。
([the making of] = a means of gaining great improvement orsuccess, LDCE 1998: 918)5. 我盼望在最后一刻可以挽救和平。
(the eleventh hour = the very last moment, LDCE 1998:478)6.她对此事很了解。
(know a thing or two [about somebody/something] = know a lot [aboutsomebody/something], OALD 2002: 825)7. 她真是爱说话。
/她太喜欢说话了。
(ready = willing to do, LDCE 1998: 1249, 参见“学生用书”243页)8.无线电传来了该地区发现大油田的消息。
《新英汉翻译教程》第一章课后作业答案
If it worked once, it can work twice⑽一次得手,再次不愁例2:The child has started going on all fours.孩子会爬了1.He has a weakness for smokingB.他有抽烟的癖好。
2.A cat is a cleanly animalB.猫是喜爱清洁的动物。
He is dead,as I liveB.他的确死了。
4.His English leaves nothing to be desiredB.他的英语无可挑剔。
5.I would rather have his room than his companyB.我宁愿他不在。
6.Your loss is nothing to mineA.你的损失与我无关7.The patient is waiting to cross the StyxB.这个病人已经等死了。
8.The headmaster made an example of the boy.B.校长惩罚这个孩子,目的在于警告他人。
9.The Disney management is stressing this tradition in an apparent response to suggestions that is culturally insensitive.B. 迪斯尼管理强调,这一传统显然是有人对迪斯尼管理在文化传统方面麻木不仁的态度所提出的种种建议。
10.The effort to shield assets to be passed on to children and grandchildren is making prenups more common among retired people in their 60s and 70s who are remarrying after a spouse has died.B. 努力保护自己的婚前契约,把财产能传到儿孙手中,这在已退休并丧偶、又准备再婚的六七十岁的老人当中十分普遍。
新英汉翻译教程 第一二章翻译的过程答案
20 返回章重点 退出
【译文】让我们回到密西西比去,回到亚拉巴 马去,回到南卡罗来纳去,回到佐治亚去,回到 路易斯安娜去,回到我们北方城市中的贫民区和 少数民族居住区去。要牢记,这种状况是能够, 也必将改变的。我们不要陷入绝望而不可自拔。 朋友们,今天我对你们说,在此时此刻,我 们虽然遭受种种困难和挫折,我仍然有一个梦想。 这个梦想是深深扎根于美国的梦想中的。 我梦想有一天,这个国家会站起来,真正实 现其信条的真谛:“我们认为这些真理是不言而 喻的:人人生而平等。”
【译文】话说,人生幸福只需三条: 有所爱,有所为,有所盼。
15 返回章重点 退出
课堂互动1 :翻译句子(参考译文)
4.He smiled at that, with a rueful curve of his lips, but his eyes were alight with an emotion she was afraid to identify.
步是表达。
3 返回章重点 退出
优美的译文必须经过下列翻译过程 :
翻译的过程
理解 分析 总体了解 表达 转换 重现原文 审校 润色 点睛出神 小点结束
4 返回章重点 退出
2. 1 正确理解
(Comprehension Reading)
5 返回章重点 退出
理解的诸多方面如图所示 :
篇章 段落 词句 词义的选择 固定搭配、成语、短语、惯用词组 歧义 矛盾修辞 逻辑关系 夸张 重复 平行结构 ……
理解
6 返回章重点 退出
2. 1. 1 正确理解句子
句子是表达一个完整思想的、具有一定语 法特征的最基本的语言单位。翻译是不能只看 半句话或开头几个词就动笔去译,要读完整个 一句话,搞清句子结构,分析句子成分,句子 传达的是什么意思,肯定什么,否定什么,提 出什么问题,表达什么愿望或情感,是否隐含 什么,是否话中有话;还要看语言环境,根据 一定的背景知识等。
英汉翻译基础教程unit 1
主体 “介入”
近二、三十年流 行
侧重以解构主义 等受“后殖民主 义”思潮影响的 翻译理论
强调译者操纵
1.5 翻译的主体
• 翻译研究界已逐渐开始重视对译者主体性的研究,但 这不能仅仅停留在一般的呼吁“正名”阶段,而应进
一步探讨“译者背后的总的原因”、机理和特征,特
别是应从理论上真正对译者的“中心地位”和“主导
严复 “信、达、雅”
《天演论》、《原富》
1.3 翻译史简介
东方翻译史始于翻译佛经
高潮 时期
特点及代表人物
4th 五四运动至 马列主义经典《共产党宣言》、《莎士比
建国前
亚剧本》(梁实秋译)和苏联文学作品
《死魂灵》、《毁灭》等
白话文代替文言文
5th 建国初期到 东西方文学翻译
文革之前
译介学
6rd
20世纪70年 社科、科技、军事、外交、贸易、法律、
• 杳杳寒山道,rough and dark-the cold mountain trail,
• 落落冷涧滨。sharp cobbles-the icy creek bank. • 寂寂更无人。bleak,alone,not even a lone
hiker.
• 朝朝不见日,morning after morning I don't see the sun
代至今
文教、卫生等领域
翻译爆炸
1.4 翻译的标准
• 翻译的标准之争由来已久,“文质之争”、 “直译意译之争”、“归化异化之争”
• 严复:信、达、雅
• 鲁迅:宁信而不顺(直译) • 赵景深:宁错而务顺 • 许渊冲:诗歌翻译的三原则“三美”(意美、
音美、形美),“三化”(等化、浅化、深 化)
全国自考《英语翻译》真题试题及答案重点
202X年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语翻译真题课程代码:00087一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题,每题2分,共30分)〔一〕本局部共有10小题,在每题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近,选择最正确译文。
错选、多项选择或未选均无分。
〔20分〕1. I guessed vaguely from my mother’s signs and from the hurrying to and fro in the house that something unusual was about to happen. ( )A. 母亲给我打着手势,人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去,我模模糊糊地猜到有一件不平常的事在周围发生了。
B. 我从母亲打给我的模糊手势中和从人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去中预感到一件不平常的事已经要发生了。
C. 从母亲的手势和人们在屋里跑来跑去中,我隐约地预感到有不平常的事要发生。
D. 母亲给我打着手势,人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去,模模糊糊地预感到一件不平常的事就要发生了。
2. With the flood came the life-giving mud that made Egypt the granary of the ancient world.( )A. 河水泛滥带来的泥沙,万物得以生长,这样埃及成为古代世界的粮仓。
B. 河水泛滥带来了泥沙,万物得以生长,埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。
C. 随着河水的泛滥带来给予生命的泥沙,埃及就成为古代世界的粮仓。
D. 泛滥的河水带来给予生命的泥沙,万物得以生长,埃及就这样成为古代世界的粮仓。
3. China’s imports will supply the much needed machinery and technology to fuel its continued development. ( )A. 中国的进口会提供非常必需的机械和技术来为它的继续开展加油。
新英汉翻译教程 第一章翻译概述答案
返回章重点
翻译能开发我们的智力、活跃我们的 思想、丰富我们的语言、开阔我们的视野,
从别的语言中摄取对我们有益的成份。
通过翻译,才能把语言文化、人类文
明推向一个更高的层次和发展阶段。
小点结束
7
返回章重点
1. 2 翻译史简介
(Brief Account of the History of Translation) 在人类历史上,不同文化之间很早以前就开 始了相互交流。
●直译和意译主要是局限于语言层面的
价值取向,而异化和归化则是立足于文化大
语境下的价值取向,两者之间的差异是显而
易见的。
30
返回章重点
异化译法能把一种文化和语言中的信息 以近乎保持其本来面目的方式贡献给另一种 文化及语言,有利于两种异质文化和语言的 相互交流、渗透和融合。
31
返回章重点
归化译法 把一种文化中的异质成分转
【译文】矛盾是生活的调味品:没有悲伤就没有 快乐;回章重点
说到底翻译问题还是忠实与通顺的 关系问题。没有规矩不成方圆, 英汉翻
译标准就是英汉翻译实践的规矩。当然,
忠实与通顺是相辅相成的。忠实而不通 顺,读者看不懂,也就谈不上忠实;通 顺而不忠实,脱离了原作的内容与风格, 通顺也就失去了意义。
关于翻译的标准的不同看法和定义: 我国大翻译家严复提出了著名的 “信达
雅” 的翻译标准,在我国翻译史上独具意义,
给后代的译界以有益的启发,在翻译界最具影
响力、典范性,甚至成了中国人翻译西方语言
文字的准绳。
14
返回章重点
傅雷以效果论,翻译应当像临画一样,所求 的不在形似而在神似。
鲁迅主张“宁信而毋顺”,译作“力求其易
所谓正确,是指把原作的语言内容、立场观 点、思想感情不得有任何篡改、歪曲、遗漏、增 减地表达出来; 所谓流畅,是指译文的语言一定要明白晓畅、 通顺自然、逻辑清楚、符合规范。
全国自考《英汉翻译教程》考前试题和答案
202X年4月全国自考《英汉翻译教程》考前真题和答案00087一、Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the cl第1题 In 1965 a court action took place that ranks in environmental importance with the publication of Silent Spring.A. 1965年发生了一件诉讼,这件诉讼对环境爱护意义重大,可以与《安静的春天》的出版媲美。
B. 1965年发生了一件诉讼,其对环境之重要意义,不亚于《安静的春天》的出版。
C. 1965年发生了一件诉讼,这件诉讼对环境爱护意义重大,可与《安静的春天》的出版并列在一起。
D. 1965年发生了一件对环境爱护意义重大的诉讼,可以与《安静的春天》的出版并列在一起。
【正确答案】 B【你的答案】此题分数2分第2题 In fact, there is hardly a realm of national life that is not touched by the controversy that often pits those who style themselves environmentalists against proponents of economic growth in our energyconsuming society.A. 事实上,几乎没有国民生活的哪个方面没有被这样一种争议涉及——这种争议往往使以环境论者自居的人同美国耗能社会经济增长主张者对立起来。
英汉翻译教程自考UNIT1STORYLesson1Quest
英汉翻译教程自考UNIT1STORYLesson1QuestUnit 1 The QuestI.Warm-up (8’)1.Do you it is necessary to translating the biography of a great man?(the value of translatingbiographies)2.Imagine that you lived in China in the twenties of 20th century and you were 36 years old, whatwould you do for rescuing China, a semi-feudal and semi-colonial country?3.Do you want to know What Zhou Enlai looked like in his twenties in the eye of an westernwoman?II. Learning objectives ( 2’)1.Grasp the skills of translating stories.2.Know about the life road of Zhu De.III. About the theme (主题)(15’)Story:1.时态选择、情节之间的衔接(人称照应、连词)E.g. 他耸耸肩,摇摇头,两眼看天,一句话不说。
He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing.E.g. 昨天我在街上碰见了约翰了。
她和姐姐一块儿走着。
两人要去看电影。
I met john on the street yesterday. He was talking beside his sister. They were going to see a film.2. 句子与句子,段与段之间主题的统一。
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《英汉翻译教程》第一章习题答案一、Bill Morrow's Birthday Party比尔•莫罗的寿宴比尔作为中国政府的客人访问中国,好几次者赶上在北京过生日。
每次,主人总要为他举行宴会,周恩来总理也出席。
他还记得第一次生日宴会的情景:我在饭店吃饭,最后总是吃冰激凌。
我吃得津津有味,惹得那些女服务员发笑。
这次生日宴会,周恩来在场。
快到结束的时候,他站起来,走到柜台前,要了一杯冰激凌,放在我面前——别忘了,他可是总理呀!他对我说:“这是为您准备的。
”我说:“没想到您会说英语呀。
”他笑了起来,接着说:“一点点。
”一面说着,一面用食指和拇指比划着。
后来有时候我们单独在一起,他就跟我说英语。
“这是为您准备的。
”这句话,比尔•莫罗在许多难忘的场合听到过——比如在他乘般沿大运河南下的时候,从旁边驶过的每一条般都拉响汽笛,表示敬意。
再比如参观南京长江大桥;在修这座桥以前,要靠渡般在这里运送火车过江。
参观大桥的时候,天快黑了,人家给了他一把椅子,请他坐下等一会儿。
忽然电灯全亮了,照出了整个大桥的轮廓。
“这是为您准备的。
”他不满地说道:“你们不应该费这么多电,就为了让我高兴。
”人家对他说:“全南京也都可以欣赏嘛。
”比尔•莫罗想了解一些新的情况,周恩来就安排北京大学的专家向他作介绍。
比尔说:“我在国内不过是个流浪汉,而你们在这里却把我当成一位要人。
”周恩来却说:“您做过些什么,我们是知道的。
”二、The Story of My Life (Excerpt 2)我的生活(摘录2)海伦•凯勒我感到有人走近,于是伸出了手,以为是把手伸向母亲。
不知是谁抓住了我的手,把我拉过去,紧紧地搂在她的怀里。
就是她教我认识了世上的各种事物,而且不仅如此,她还疼爱我。
老师来了以后,第二天早上就把我领到她的屋里,给了我一个布娃娃。
娃娃是帕金斯盲童学校的学生送我的,是劳拉•布里几曼把他打扮起来的,这都是我后来才知道的。
我拿着娃娃玩了一会儿之后,沙利文小姐就在我手心里慢慢地写了几个字母:“d-o-l-l”(娃娃)。
我马上对这种用手指在手心里写字的游戏产生了兴趣,接着就模仿起来。
我终于把这几个字母写对了,这时我天真地感到无限愉快和骄傲。
我跑下楼去找母亲,向她伸出手拼写“娃娃”这个词。
当时我并不知道自己是在拼写一个词,甚至不知道有所谓词,不过是像猴子一样用手指模仿而已。
往后我就这样学着拼写,虽然并不理解意思,却也拼出了许多词,其中有pin (别针),hat(帽子),cup(茶杯),还有几个动词,如sit(坐),stand(站),walk (走)。
老师教了我好几个星期以后我才知道每样东西都是有名称的。
……我满怀着学习的愿望离开了井台。
每件东西都有名字,每个名字都引出一个新的概念。
回到屋里以后,仿佛我所接触的每一件东西都活了,因为我是用刚刚产生的这种新奇的视角来看待一切的。
一进门,我就想起了被我摔碎的娃娃。
我摸索着走到壁炉前,捡起碎片。
我想把这些碎片拼在一起,可是拼不起来了。
我的眼里随即充满了泪水,因为我意识到自己做了一件什么事,我第一次感到后悔,感到难过。
那一天我学了许多新词,也记不清都有哪些词了。
但是其中肯定有“母亲”、“父亲”、“姐姐”、“老师”——后来就是这些词把一个美好的世界展现在我的面前,就像《圣经》上说的“亚伦的杖开了花”一样。
在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候,我躺在小床上回顾一天的欢乐,恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了。
我生平第一次盼望新的一天快快到来。
第一章考试重点(上课已经画过)Unit 1 STORIES1.He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.他已三十六岁,青春像一路鸣叫的鹰,早已一闪而逝, 留给他的是衰老和幻灭.2.average height 普通高度3.gleaming eyes 两眼闪着光辉4.in his middle twenties 大概是二十五六岁的年龄5.Ignoring the chair offered him, Chu The stood squarely before this youth more than ten years hisjunior and in a level voice told him who he was, what he had done in the past, how he had fled from Yunnan, talked with Sun Yat-sen, been repulsed(拒绝)by Chen Tu-hsiu in Shanghai, and had come to Europe to find a new way of life for himself and a new revolutionary road for China.朱德顾不得拉过来的椅子,端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十岁的青年面前,用平稳的语调, 说明自己的身份和经历: 他怎样逃出云南, 怎样会见孙中山, 怎样在上海被陈独秀拒绝, 怎样为了寻求自己的新的生活方式和中国的新的革命道路而来到欧洲.6.When both visitors had told their stories, Chou smiled a little, said he would help them find rooms,and arrange for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had been sent to China and an answer received.两位来客把经历说完后,周恩来微笑着说,他可以帮他们找到住的地方,替他们办理加入党在柏林的支部的手续, 在入党申请书寄往中国而尚未批准之前,暂时作候补党员.7.Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党8.两条要求, 忠实------内容, 通顺-------语言9.Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese Government, Bill’sbirthday occurred while he was in Beijing.以中国官方客人的身份, 比尔来访中国已多次了, 而且在北京停留期间恰适他生日也有好几次了.10.“This is for you,” Bill Morrow heard on many occasions he would never forget----such as whenhe was taken a boat down the Grand Canal and every boat that passed sounded its siren in salutation. Or when he shown over the great Nanjing bridge, built where the ferries used to carry trains across the Changjiang River. He was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.“这是为你安排的。
”这句话比尔.莫诺听到过好几次, 每一次都令他难以忘怀。
有一次, 他沿大运河乘船顺水而下,途经的每艘船都鸣笛致敬. 还有一次, 他参观雄伟的南京长江大桥------以前没桥时, 要靠轮渡托载火车横渡长江. 夜幕渐渐降临了, 他被安排坐下,并被告知稍坐等候, 然后突然间, 整个桥身被灯光勾画出了一个清晰的轮廊.11.The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne MansfieldSulliven, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects.在我的记忆里, 安妮.曼斯匪尔德.沙利文教师来的那一天,是我一生中最重要的日子. 从这一天开始, 我的生活与以前迥然不同, 一想到这一点, 我就感到非常兴奋.12.On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant.那天下午,我一声不响, 怀着期待的心情站在门廊里.13.Have you been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in,and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet(铅锤)and sounding-line(测深绳)and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbour was. “Light! Give me light!” was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.不知你是否有过这样的经历---在海上航行遇上了大雾,周围一片白,好像着实把你关在一个黑暗的地方,大船上的人又紧张又着急, 一面用铅锤探测深浅,一面向岸边慢慢驶去, 你的心也怦怦直跳,生怕出事. 我在开始受教育之前, 就像这样一条船, 只是没有罗盘, 没有测探绳, 也无法知道离海港有多远. “光明!给我光明!”这就是发自我内心深处的无言的呼唤, 也就在这时候, 爱心的光芒照到了我的身上.14.Someone took it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to reveal allthings to me, and, more than all things else, to love me.有个人握住了我的手, 于是我被抱了起来, 紧紧地抈在了她的怀里. 正是她来到我的身边, 将一切展切在我面前, 更重要的是, 是她将爱带给了我.15.monkey-like imitation.猴子模仿似的16.In the days that followed, I learned to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words,among them pin, hat, cup and a few verbs like sit, stand and walk.接下来的几天里, 我在根本不知自己在做什么样情况下,学会了拼好些单词, 比如PIN, HAT, CUP 及一些动词, 如SIT, STAND AND WALK.17.That was because I saw everything with the strange, new sight that had come to me. On enteringthe door I remembered the doll I had broken. I felt my way to hearth and picked up the pieces, I tried vainly to put them together.那是因为我正用一种刚刚获得的全新而奇特的视角来看待一切事物. 进屋时,我想起了被我弄坏的那个娃娃. 我摸索着来到壁炉前, 拾起那些碎片, 试图将它们拼接在一起, 却没办到.18.It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close ofthat eventful day and lived over (回忆) the joys it had brought me, and for the first time longed for a new day to come.当那感概万千的一天快要结束时, 我躺在自己的小床里, 感受这一天带给我的那些快乐, 我觉得没有人比我更幸福了. 一生中第一次,我期待着新一天的来临.19.一切旧的传统观念all outmoded traditional thinking一切阻止社会进步和人性发展的不合理的制度any irrational system which obstructs [əb'strʌkt] social progress or human development.20.我觉得有一根鞭子在抽打我的心, 又觉得仿佛有什么鬼魂借我的笔为自己伸冤一样.I felt as if my mind was being whipped, as if a ghost had commandeered my pen and was writingto redress the injustices it had suffered.21.另一个地方On another occasion.22.长得好看的人用不着浓妆艳抹, 而我的文章就像一个丑八怪, 不打扮, 看起来倒还顺眼些.Physically attractive people don’t need heavy make-up. Though my writing resembles [ri'zembl] an ugly monster, it actually looks a little better without any embellishment [im'beliʃmənt].23.我最恨那些盗名欺世, 欺骗读者的谎言。