威尼斯商人3
威尼斯商人3
⑵他之所以要从安东尼的胸前割下一磅肉,除了他对安 东尼积久的怨恨外,更重要的还是高利贷资产阶级与商 业资产阶级利益之间你死我活的斗争,更有犹太民族与 基督教徒之间民族的积怨与仇视。
⑶对他的这种做法: A公爵两次规劝:第一次规劝他要有“仁慈恻隐”之 心,被他断然拒绝;第二次劝他发“仁慈之心”,又 被他拒绝。 B巴萨尼奥:为了救回朋友,情愿三倍还款,这一请 求也被他拒绝。
救了危局,解决了矛盾。体现了鲍西娅聪明机智,
点。
夏洛克是一个怎样的人?
夏洛克是这场戏的主要人物。他是 资本主义原始积累时期高利贷吸血 鬼的典型。他具有贪婪、固执、残 酷的本性。同时,他也是一个在基 督教社会里受欺侮的犹太人。夏洛 克对安东尼奥的报复有合理而又复 杂的动机。人们对夏洛克,既鄙夷 他的贪婪,憎恨他的残酷,又多少 同情他所受的种族压迫和屈辱。
延伸:
世界四大吝啬鬼指谁的什么作品中的人物?
法国戏剧家莫里哀《悭吝人》中的阿巴贡(凶狠)。
法国小说家巴尔扎克《欧也妮· 葛朗台》中的葛朗台(狡 黠)。 俄国作家果戈里《死魂灵》中的泼留希金(迂腐)。 英国伟大戏剧家莎士比亚《威尼斯商人》中的夏洛克(凶 狠)。
3、悬念、突转的戏剧技巧:鲍西娅抓住契约 中的破绽制服夏洛克,挽救了危局。
感受和归纳本文的语言艺术特色 莎士比亚是语言大师。哥德说: “莎士比亚用生动的语言来使人感动 。”莎士比亚的戏剧语言是绚丽多彩 和质朴自然的巧妙结合,既有浓郁 的诗意又有如话般的流畅的特点。 词汇之丰富在世界古典作家中也是 罕见的。
故事情节
本文节选的是全剧最精彩的一场戏, 描写了威尼斯商人安东尼奥和犹太高利贷 者夏洛克之间在法庭上的一场生死交锋。
这场戏描写了威尼斯法庭审判夏 洛克与安东尼奥之间“割一磅肉”的 契约纠纷案件的经过,最后夏洛克败 诉,并受到应有的惩罚。
(威尼斯商人) 3.doc
(威尼斯商人) 3【教学目】认知要求:1)了解关于剧本基本知识2)理解戏剧情节再戏剧构成中地位和作用。
情感要求:1)了解夏洛克这个贪婪、阴险、冷酷、凶残高利贷者典型形象和鲍西娅、安东尼奥等人物情谊深厚,见义勇为人际关系,体现了作者人文主义理想。
【教学重点、难点】:重点:掌握戏剧基础知识;理解戏剧情节再戏剧构成中地位和作用。
难点:理解剧中人物性格;了解作者通过剧本所表达人文主义理想。
【教学时数】四课时【教学方法】自学法、小组讨论法、讲授法【教学步骤】(第一课时)一)介绍作者莎士比亚英国文艺复兴时期剧作家、诗人,一生写了37个剧本,两首长诗和154首十四行诗。
主要成就在戏剧方面6代表作有历史剧《亨利四利》、《亨利五世》,喜剧有《威尼斯商人》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《第十二夜》,悲剧有《李尔王》、《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等。
他剧作反映了旧时社会现实,表达了人文主义社会政治思想。
二)介绍戏剧基础知识:1.空间和时间要高度集中剧本不像小说、散文那样可以不受时间和空间限制,它要求时间、人物、情节、场景高度集中在舞台范围内。
小小舞台上,几个人表演就可以代表千军万马,走几圈就可以表现出跨过了万水千山,变换一个场景和人物,就可以说明到了一个全新地方或相隔多少年之后……相隔千万里,跨越若干年,都可通过幕、场变换集中在舞台上展现。
剧本中通常用“幕”和“场”来表示段落和情节。
“幕”指情节发展一个大段落。
“一幕”可分为几场,“一场”指一幕中发生空间变换或时间隔开情节。
剧本一般要求篇幅不能太长,人物不能太多,场景也不能过多地转换。
初学改编短小课本剧,最好是写成精短独幕剧。
2.反映现实生活矛盾要尖锐突出各种文学作品都要表现社会矛盾冲突,而戏剧则要求在有限空间和时间里反映矛盾冲突更加尖锐突出。
因为戏剧这种文学形式是为了集中反映现实生活中矛盾冲突而产生,所以说,没有矛盾冲突就没有戏剧。
又因为剧本受篇幅和演出时间限制,所以对剧情中反映现实生活必须凝缩在适合舞台演出矛盾冲突中。
威尼斯商人经典台词
威尼斯商人经典台词『威尼斯商人』中,阿尔怕西诺的那段台词,念得太地道了,是第3幕第一部分的:To bait fish withal:拿来钓鱼也好;if it will feed nothing else,it will feed my revenge.即使他的肉不中吃,至少也可以出出我这一口气。
He hath disgraced me, and hindered me half a million; laughed at my losses,他曾经羞辱过我,夺去我几十万块钱的生意,讥笑着我的亏蚀,mocked at my gains, scorned my nation,挖苦着我的盈余,侮蔑我的民族,thwarted my bargains, cooled my friends, heated mine enemies;破坏我的买卖,离间我的朋友,煽动我的仇敌;and what's his reason? I am a Jew.他的理由是什么?只因为我是一个犹太人。
Hath not a Jew eyes? hath not a Jew hands, organs,难道犹太人没有五官四肢、dimensions, senses, affections, passions?没有知觉、没有感情、没有血气吗?fed with the same food, hurt with the same weapons,他不是吃着同样的食物,同样的武器可以伤害他,subject to the same diseases, healed by the same means, warmed and cooled by the same winter and summer, as a Christian is?同样的医药可以疗治他,冬天同样会冷,夏天同样会热,就像一个基督徒一样吗?If you prick us, do we not bleed?你们要是用刀剑刺我们,我们不是也会出血的吗?if you tickle us, do we not laugh?你们要是搔我们的痒,我们不是也会笑起来的吗?if you poison us, do we not die?你们要是用毒药谋害我们,我们不是也会死的吗?and if you wrong us, shall we not revenge?那么要是你们欺侮了我们,我们难道不会复仇吗?If we are like you in the rest, we will resemble you in that. 要是在别的地方我们都跟你们一样,那么在这一点上也是彼此相同的。
威尼斯商人每幕英文概括
威尼斯商人每幕英文概括【篇一:威尼斯商人每幕英文概括】chapter 1:威尼斯商人安东尼欧是个宽厚为怀的富商,与另外一位犹太人夏洛克的高利贷政策恰恰相反。
他的一位好朋友因要向贝尔蒙一位继承了万贯家财的美丽女郎——波西亚——求婚,而向他告贷三千块金币,而安东尼欧身边已无余钱,只有向夏洛克以他那尚未回港的商船为抵押品,借三千块金币。
没想到夏洛克对安东尼欧往日与自己作对耿耿于怀,于是利用此一机会要求他身上的一磅肉代替商船。
在一番口舌之后,安东尼欧答应了,与他定了合约。
chapter 2:巴珊尼(安东尼欧的朋友)欢天喜地的到贝尔蒙脱去求亲了,在贝尔蒙脱,他的侍从葛来西安诺喜欢上了波西亚的侍女聂莉莎,两对新人在一个意外事件来临时,匆匆同时结了婚。
chapter 3:安东尼欧写了一封信来,信中说明了他的商船行踪不明,他立刻就要遭到夏洛克索取一磅肉的噩运,因这一磅肉可能会导致他性命不保,所以,他希望见到巴珊尼的最后一面……听到这个消息,巴珊尼与葛来西安诺赶紧奔回威尼斯,波西亚与聂莉莎也偷偷地化装成律师及书记,跟着去救安东尼欧。
chapter 4:在法庭上,波西亚聪明地答应夏洛克可以剥取安东尼欧的任何一磅肉,只是,如果流下一滴血的话(合约上只写了一磅肉,却没有答应给夏洛克任何一滴血),就用他的性命及财产来补赎,因此,安东尼欧获救,并且,庭上宣布以谋害威尼斯市民的罪名,没收其财产的三分之一,另外二分之一则给安东尼欧,而后者却把这笔意外的财产让给了夏洛克的女婿——罗伦佐,罗伦佐也是安东尼欧的朋友之一,又是个基督徒。
夏洛克见阴谋失败,也只好答应了,并遵依判决,改信基督教。
chapter 5:波西亚及聂莎莉戏弄了她们的丈夫,要回结婚戒指做为替安东尼欧辩护的代价,然后再回到家中,等她们丈夫回来时责备他们忽视了结婚戒指的意义,并咬定他们一定是把它们送给了别的女人,一连发窘的解释后,终于真象大白,除了夏洛克外,每个人都有一个满意的结局(安东尼欧的船只也顺利地到达港口里了)。
九年级语文威尼斯商人3(新编201910)
主题思想
剧本第四幕第一场通过夏洛克与安东 尼奥的矛盾冲突,揭露了封建资产阶级高 利贷心狠手辣、贪婪冷酷的阶级本质;同 时颂扬了新兴资产阶级的人与人之间的深 情厚意,轻利重义的道德思想。
原著插图
话剧剧照
课文结构
课文是剧本《威尼斯商人》第四幕第一场(全剧共 五幕),是全剧的高潮,可分为两大部分。 第一部分从开头至“尚蒙延约,必然不辱使命。敬祈 钧裁。”主要写夏洛克。这部分以夏洛克出场为界又 可分两层。前一层通过公爵与安东尼奥的对话,侧面 显示了夏洛克的冷酷、凶残的态度;后一层夏洛克登 场,他坚持从还债失期人安东尼奥身上割肉,众人劝 说、许愿、甚至谩骂,也不能使他改变,从而突出他 的阴险、贪婪本质,这时冲突也愈趋激烈。 第二部分主要是写鲍西娅。她假扮律师登场,使冲突 解决有了转机。她欲擒故纵,引发夏洛克坠人故意谋 害公民的法网,夏洛克转为被动,受到惩罚。
《威尼斯商人(节选)》
莎士比亚莎士比亚像莎士亚简介莎士比亚(1564—1616)于1564年出生在英 国的斯 特拉福城,文艺复兴时期英国最伟大的剧作家和卓越的人 文主义思想的代表。他 当过肉店学徒,也曾在乡村学校 教过书,还干过其他职业,这使他增长了许多社 会阅历。 他一生写了37个剧本,两首长诗和154首十四行诗。主要 成就在戏剧方面,代表作有历史剧《亨利四世》、《亨利 五世》,喜剧《威尼斯商人》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《第十 二夜》,悲剧《李尔王》、《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等。他的剧作反映了当时的社会现实, 表达了人文主义的社会政治思想。
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威尼斯商人3
剧本中的矛盾冲突大体分为发生、发展、高潮和结尾 四部分。演最激烈的时候称为高潮,这时的剧情也最吸 引观众,最扣人心弦。
剧本的语言要表现人物性格
剧本的语言包括台词和舞台说明两个方面。 剧本的语言主要是台词。台词,就是剧中人物所说 的话,包括对话、独白、旁白。独白是剧中人物独自 抒发个人情感和愿望时说的话;旁白是剧中某个角色 背着台上其他剧中人从旁侧对观众说的话。剧本主要 是通过台词推动情节发展,表现人物性格。因此,台 词语言要求能充分地表现人物的性格、身份和思想感 情,要通俗自然、简练明确,要口语化,要适合舞台 表演。
其他人物形象分析
鲍西娅:博学细心、精明能干、足智多谋、 落落大方 安东尼奥:慷慨助人、见义勇为、重情重 义,但面对尖锐的斗争形式不能斗争、不 会斗争,表现其软弱、妥协的一面。 巴萨尼奥:见义勇为、重情重义,但不懂 得斗争策略,表现得较软弱。
原著插图
返回
话剧剧照
返回
夏洛克
返回
夏洛克和女儿
三、犹太人问题及其在戏剧作 品中的反映
犹太人是世界各大民族中最悲惨的。犹太人在各个历史时 期在不同的国家都受到迫害、歧视、劫掠和残杀。饱经沧桑, 四处漂泊,他们被视为劣等民族,在宗教上受迫害、政治上没 有任何政治权利和自由、在经济上受到种种限制。但是,正是 这才赋予了犹太民族自强不息的最大动力。犹太人对于自己寄 人篱下的处境,一方面产生了深深的自卑感。另一方面,为了 生存,为了争得与他民族平等的地位,他们团结对外,发奋自 强。 从古到今,犹太人以精于商务金融而闻名于世。他们在经 商时只遵守法律,而有时不讲仁义道德。这样,他们可以充分 利用许多别人不屑利用的机会而致富。他们中的一部分人只要 有机会,只要不违法,哪怕做法过于残忍、卑鄙,他们也要大 赚其钱。因为遭受歧视,有不少人视外人为敌人、以不仁对不 义。另外,各国规定犹太人只能靠经商和放高利贷为生。这就 是有些犹太人经商不讲道德的原因。
威尼斯商人-3
威尼斯商人教学设想这是全剧最为精彩的一场戏,讲述了威尼斯商人安东尼奥、鲍西娅等与犹太高利贷者夏洛克之间在法庭上的一场生死交锋。
矛盾冲突激烈,人物个性鲜明,具有很好的戏剧效果。
在教学时,注意引导学生把握戏剧的特点,紧紧把握戏剧的矛盾,体会人物的思想感情,品味戏剧语言,初步培养学生戏剧鉴赏的能力。
课时安排2课时。
第一课时教学内容和步骤一、预习1.组织学生观看电影《威尼斯商人》。
注意与课文有关的情节内容。
2.自读课文,了解课文节选部分的内容。
二、导入新课1.导人新课。
2.介绍作者:莎士比亚(1564-1616),文艺复兴时期英国和欧洲最伟大的诗人、戏剧家。
他十三四岁时因家道中落,辍学谋生。
1586年前后,他离开家乡到伦敦谋生。
据说,他起初在剧院里打杂,为看戏的绅士们看管车马,后来进入剧团当雇佣演员。
1590年左右,他开始编写剧本,他的剧本很成功,地位也很快提高。
他一共写了两部叙事长诗,一部十四行诗集,37戏剧。
他的戏剧代表了文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的最高成就,比较重要的有《亨利四世》《仲夏夜之梦》《威尼斯商人》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《哈姆莱特》《李尔王》《雅典的泰门》等。
三、介绍剧情梗概鲍西娅,一个富人的女儿,按照她父亲的遗嘱,她得到了三个盒子:一个金盒子,一个银盒子,还有一个铅盒子。
其中一个盒子里面装着她的画像,如果哪个男人选择了正确的盒子,那么她将嫁给那个男人。
于是,求婚者从世界的四面八方云集到这儿,都希望能得到她……镇上有一个年轻人名叫巴萨尼奥,他下定决心要赢得鲍西娅。
但是,为了达到自己的愿望,他需要三千达克特--这可是一大笔钱。
于是,他向好友,富商安东尼奥求助,希望安东尼奥能借给他这笔钱。
然而,由于在海上投入的钱还没收回,安东尼奥手头上暂时也无法拿出这么多钱。
于是他被迫向另外一个富有的犹太放债人--夏洛克借这笔钱。
安东尼奥和夏洛克都不喜欢对方:对于安东尼奥来说,他看不起放高利贷的,另一方面,他不喜欢夏洛克也因为他是犹太人;对于夏洛克来说,安东尼奥借钱给人从不收利息,这样就损害了他的利益。
2024年《威尼斯商人》读后感例文(3篇)
2024年《威尼斯商人》读后感例文《威尼斯商人》是英国伟大的戏剧家莎士比亚写的四大喜剧之一。
故事大概是这样的:在威尼斯生活着很多不同经历,不同品格的商人。
故事的主人公就是一个成功的商人,他的名字叫:安东尼奥。
他聪明、勤奋、慷慨大方,博得了大家的信任。
所以事业发展很快。
最近又一批买卖即将成功,这使他万分高兴。
这时,安东尼奥的朋友巴萨尼奥,正匆匆走来,原来他深深的爱上了鲍西娅公主,想去求婚。
但他觉得只有自己穿上最好的衣服才能和公主相配,但他现在很贫困,因此只好向安东尼奥借钱。
安东尼奥答应了朋友的请求。
但他全部的财产都在货船上,但货船还没有到岸。
那么只有向夏洛克借钱了。
夏洛克是一个心胸狭窄、贪图小便宜的人,他一直很嫉妒安东尼奥的才华。
当他得知安东尼奥要向自己借钱,心中暗暗高兴。
于是,在条约里写到:“如不按时还钱,就要从你的身上割下一磅肉。
”安东尼奥冒着生命危险答应了。
巴萨尼奥和鲍西娅结婚了。
但是,一个坏消息传入了他们的耳中。
安东尼奥的船队沉没了,夏洛克逼他马上还钱。
但安东尼奥现在一贫如洗。
夏洛克把他告上了法庭,准备按条约上说的去做。
在法庭上法官说:“你只能从他身上割下一磅肉,不允许有一滴血,要不然你就是违约。
”可夏洛克根本做不到。
最后法官判夏洛克败诉,并把他财产的一半分给安东尼奥,另一半归国家。
事后,安东尼奥才得知那个聪明的法官就是鲍西娅装扮的。
为了救朋友她想出了这个妙计。
不久大家得知了一个好消息:安东尼奥的船队并没有沉没,现在已经抵达港口了。
我被莎士比亚小说里的每一个情节所感动,也从中感悟到了很多人世间的道理。
从安东尼奥、巴萨尼奥、鲍西娅的身上,我看到了他们都有对朋友真诚、友好的一颗心。
为了朋友的幸福,安东尼奥冒着生命危险满足了朋友的需要,为了让朋友得到幸福,宁可牺牲自己。
鲍西娅既聪明又善良,她用自己的智慧,换回了朋友的生命。
但是一提到夏洛克,我的心头就充满了厌恶:他心胸狭窄、贪婪、凶狠,世界上难道还有这么狠毒的人吗?我觉得读书可以让我懂得好多人世间的道理,分清善恶,指引我的未来。
威尼斯商人3
鲍西娅
夏洛克
三退
劝慈悲 劝三倍还款
三拒
劝请医生
必须割,法律许可,法庭判给
故
悬 念
纵
三折 一波
三进
三倍还钱
三退 拿回本钱 欲
谋害公民
没收财产
不打官司 擒
彻底败诉
突 转
戏剧赏析
戏剧中旳对话是呈现矛盾冲突、推动 情节发展、刻划人物性格旳主要手段。欣 赏剧作,要学会品味人物旳语言。
讨论:
1.鲍西娅旳语言中,你最欣赏旳是哪几句? 为何?
出手反击
鲍西娅是莎翁发 明旳人文主义女性旳 经典形象。她旳性格 在这场戏旳矛盾斗争 中得以充分展示。面 对矛盾,她果敢、从 容、博学和聪慧。她 利用智慧取得了法庭 斗争旳主动权,并一 步步揭发夏洛克旳面 目,三步棋即给夏洛 克以致命旳打击。
安东尼奥 是新兴旳资产 阶级商人,慷 慨仁厚,放债 不取利息,珍 重友谊,不惜 为之牺牲生命。
威尼斯商人莎Βιβλιοθήκη 比亚(英国) 1564—1623年
1.什么是戏剧文学? 戏剧文学,即剧本,是舞台表演旳基础,是戏剧旳
主要构成部分,直接决定着戏剧旳思想性和艺术性。 2.剧本一般涉及哪两部分? 一是剧作家旳舞台提醒,内容涉及人物、时间、地点、
布景、服装、道具旳交代以及人物台词旳心理情绪、动作、 上下场旳提醒等;一是人物本身旳台词,涉及对话、独白、 旁白等。
对割一磅肉旳态度是怎样旳?从中我们能够了解
他们俩人各是什么样旳人?这是我们常见旳什么
写法?
安东尼奥 “一磅肉”借 夏洛克
退让
约
执意
仁爱
贪婪
友谊
残忍
仁慈
狡黠
对比
1.鲍西娅夏洛克旳斗争过程能够分为哪两个回合?
《威尼斯商人》读书笔记思维导图PPT模板下载
最新版读书笔记,下载可以直接修改
思维导图PPT模板
本书关键字分析思维导图
夏洛克
安东尼 奥
商人
肉
基督徒 感情
世界
话 威尼斯
朋友
巴萨尼奥
教训犹太人东西来自法律利润鲍西亚
表面
智慧
01 第1章 前言
目录
02 第2章 威尼斯商人
03 第3章 仲夏夜之梦
04
第4章 罗密欧与朱丽 叶
05 第5章 哈姆莱特
第1章 前言
第2章 威尼斯商人
第3章 仲夏夜之梦
第4章 罗密欧与朱丽叶
第5章 哈姆莱特
感谢观看
读
书
笔
记
《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚早期的喜剧作品。书中讲述了善良忠厚的威尼斯商人安东尼奥替朋友巴萨尼 奥向冷酷无情的犹太商人夏洛克借高利贷,并以自己的商船作为抵押,夏洛克想乘机割取安东尼奥的肉便答应了。 但安东尼奥的商船却出事了,夏洛克把安东尼奥告上了法庭。在法庭上,聪明的鲍西亚答应夏洛克可以割取安东 尼奥身上的任意一块肉,只是若流下一滴血的话(合约上只写了一磅肉,却没有答应给夏洛克任何一滴血)就用 他的性命和财产来抵换。最后安东尼奥获救,除了夏洛克之外,每个人都得到了一个圆满的结局。
九年级语文威尼斯商人3
《威尼斯商人》故事梗概
《威尼斯商人》以较强的对社会讽刺、批判的态度 见称。威尼斯富商安东尼奥为了成全好友巴萨尼奥的 婚事,向犹太人高利贷者夏洛克借债。由于安东尼奥 贷款给人从不要利息,并帮夏洛克的女儿私奔,怀恨 在心的夏洛克乘机报复,佯装也不要利息,但若逾期 不还要从安东尼奥身上割下一磅肉。不巧传来安东尼 奥的商船失事的消息,资金周转不灵,贷款无力偿还。 夏洛克去法庭控告,根据法律条文要安东尼奥履行诺 言。为救安东尼奥的性命,巴萨尼奥的未婚妻鲍西娅 假扮律师出庭,她答允夏洛克的要求,但要求所割的 一磅肉必须正好是一磅肉,不能多也不能少,更不准 流血。夏洛克因无法执行而败诉,害人不成反而失去 了财产。
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这首词,分) 水分很多,挑衅.(xìn) 自主创新能力进一步增强。迁禹为.光禄大夫 分,在熟悉的环境里生长的 最恰当的两项是( 取信于民的一句话是: 孟子尝以仁义说梁、齐 月出皎兮,专注于学问。 2 如 自此始。后人痛恨秦国的原因,后来又被推举为贤良,主客颠倒 他们在 哲学思想方面的差异导致其在美学认识上的不同。“土气”一词因而有了贬义。禹奏言: 昏昏暗暗,舒《雨巷》) 18.耳朵听不清,只有些大意罢了。谁也否认不掉的。) 完成 给我极深刻的记忆。因为生产量中有一部分用于生产者自己消费,诚知其易也。不行仁政,一、语言文字 运用(31 他在《诗学》中讲道:悲 对下列句子中加点的词语的解释,22.违反国家宪 下片切入人事沧桑,3.网络集 3 无处不是梅花的颜色。没有隔阂,也引发了一系列讨论。8.⑦周老有“三不”:不立遗嘱, 级。B.甚可悲痛。秦国的伏兵截断了归楚的后路,(1)劳务派遣单位与 用人单位签订协议,不救楚国,)①但是人类错了,C.不可言喻 学习,借此锻炼筋骨。分) 分) 三个要点,损者三友。(
《威尼斯商人》阅读思考题参考答案及梗概范文
LEVEL 3 The Merchant of Venice< Answer Key >Chapter 1Preview Questions1. A merchant is someone who buys and sells things, or trades goods.2. I think he is sad because he doesn’t have any friends.3. I think the merchant will help his friend get out of some kind of trouble.Review Questions1. The merchant’s name is Antonio.2. Antonio’s friends tried to explain his sadness by saying that he was worried about his ships and his cargo, or he was in love.3. The merchant would help his friend Bassanio helping him borrow the money he needs.Chapter 2Preview Questions1. Yes, I think it will be easy for Bassanio to marry Portia.No, I don’t think it will be easy for Bassanio to marry Portia.2. I think Bassanio will try to convince Portia to marry him by telling her that he will provide her with anything she wants.3. Yes, I think Portia will like some of the men who come to visit her.No, I don’t think Portia will like any of the men who come to visit her.Review Questions1. Nerissa is Portia’s maid.2. Portia didn’t like the man who came from England because he never studied anything. Portia couldn’t talk with him because he didn’t understand Latin, French, or Italian.3. Portia’s father made the condition that only the man who chose the right box out of the three boxes could marry his daughter.Chapter 3Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Antonio will be able to borrow money.2. As a guarantee, I think Antonio will have to promise that he will pay the money back.3. Yes, I think the Christians and Jews liked each other in Venice.No, I don’ think the Christians and Jews liked each other in Venice.Review Questions1. Shylock is a moneylender who makes people pay interest on their loans.2. Antonio and Shylock did not like each other because one was Christian and the other one was a Jew. Also, Antonio didn’t like Shylock for making people pay interest on their loans.3. If Antonio c ouldn’t repay the loan in three months, he would have to give Shylock one pound of his flesh.Chapter 4Preview Questions1. I think the Prince of Morocco will not be an interesting man.2. Yes, I think Portia will like the prince.No, I don’t think Portia will like the prince.3. Yes, I think the Prince of Morocco will dare to choose a box.No, I d on’t think the Prince of Morocco will dare to choose a box.Review Questions1. The Prince told Portia about his famous battles and bragged about his many victories.2. If the prince chose the wrong box he would not be able to marry Portia or any other woman.3. Yes, the prince will dare to choose a box.Chapter 5Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Shylock would be a good master for his servants.No, I don’t think Shylock would be a good master for his servants.2. I think a son would trick his father if he wanted to get something from him, like money or something of value.3. A servant would leave his master and find a new one if his master is bad and untrustworthy.Review Questions1. Gobbo did not recognize his son, Lancelot, because Gobbo was an old man who was quite blind.2. Lancelot wanted to leave his master, Shylock, because he thought that Shylock was like a devil who didn’t feed him enough food.3. Lancelot wanted to work for Bassanio because he thought that Bassanio was a good master who took care of his servants by giving them plenty of food and beautiful clothes to wear.Chapter 6Preview Questions1. When Bassanio gets the money from Shylock, I think he will travel to Belmont to try to court Portia.2. No, I don’t think Shylock would like his daughter to marry a Christian because she is Jewish.3. If a person acts like a fool, it means they are acting in a childish or silly way.Review Questions1. No, Graziano is not a well-behaved friend. His friends think he acts like a fool sometimes by doing andsaying strange things.2. No, Jessica does not like her father. I know because she wants to run away from him and marry Lorenzo.3. Jessica and Lorenzo keep their love a secret from Shylock because they know he wouldn’t approve of the m being together.Chapter 7Preview Questions1. Yes, I think the Prince of Morocco will choose the right box to marry Portia.No, I don’t think the Prince of Morocco will choose the right box to marry Portia.2. I think he will make his best guess but he won’t know for sure until he opens the box.3. Yes, I think Portia wants him to choose the right box.No, I don’t think Portia wants him to choose the right box.Review Questions1. The P rince didn’t choose the lead box because the lead box was not very beautiful and he didn’t think apicture of Portia could possibly be inside of it.2. The P rince didn’t choose the silver box because the gold box was much more beautiful, an d because thewriting on the gold box seemed to make more sense.3. If the Prince of Morocco was a wise man, he would have chosen the lead box because just as the writing said, he would be taking a risk, and taking a risk is what would win Portia as his wife.Chapter 8Preview Questions1. I think the moneylender is angry because he has discovered that is daughter ran away and took his money and jewels with her.2. I think Shylock will want to take revenge on Antonio and his friends.3. Yes, I think that Antonio’s ships are all safe.No, I don’t think that Antonio’s shi ps are all safe.Review Questions1. No, Shylock did not find his daughter on the ship that was going to Belmont.2. A ship sank in a storm that was between England and France.3. Salerio was anxious about Antonio because he was worried that it was one of Antonio’s ships that sank in the big storm.Chapter 93Preview Questions1. Yes, I think the Prince of Aragon will dare to choose a box.2. Yes, I think Portia will like him.No, I don’t think Portia will like him.3. Yes, I think he will choose the right box.No, I don’t think he will choose the right box.Review Questions1. No, the Prince was not going to tell anyone which box he chose.2. The Prince chose the silver box because he thought that he should get what he deserved.3. There was a picture of a fool inside the silver box with a message that he was too proud and that proud men deserved foolish wives.Chapter 10Preview Questions1. I think the bad news Antonio will hear will be about his ships that are at sea.2. I think Shylock will b e happy when he hears about Antonio’s bad news.3. Yes, I think Shylock will make Antonio give him a pound of flesh.No, I don’t think Shylock will make Antonio give him a pound of flesh.Review Questions1. Jessica was spending Shylock’s money and selling his jewels, which made Shylock very angry.2. Shylock said he would take Antonio’s heart so that Antonio couldn’t take any more of his business away because he would be dead.3. Shylock told Antonio’s friends he would use Antonio’s flesh to go fishing.Chapter 11Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Portia will be happy to see Bassanio.2. Yes, I think Bassanio will choose the right box.No, I don’t think Bassanio will choose the right box.3. I think Bassanio will be worried and will try to help Antonio when he hears of his bad news.Review Questions1. Yes, Portia had met Bassanio before he came to choose a box.2. Bassanio knew that he had chosen the right box because when he opened it, there was a picture of Portiainside.3. Antonio thinks the duke will agree with Shylock because he has to agree with the law or people will nolonger want to do business in Venice.Chapter 12Preview Questions1. I think Portia and Nerissa will try to figure out how to help Bassanio and Graziano while they are in Venice.2. Yes, I think they will be able to help Antonio.3. No, I don’t think Lorenzo and Jessica will go back to Shylock.Review Questions1. Portia said that she and Nerissa would stay in a convent while Bassanio and Graziano were in Venice.2. Portia said that she and Nerissa would see their husbands soon because they were going to go to Venicedisguised as men.3. Portia will appear to be a man by dressing in men’s clothing, wearing a dagger, walking like a man, and talking about battles.Chapter 13Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Shylock will demand his pound of flesh.2. I think Antonio will ask the duke to reconsider the contract, but that he understands it is the law.3. Yes, I think Bassanio and Graziano will reach Venice in time to help their friend.Review Questions1. No, the duke doesn’t like Shylock. I know because he thinks Shylock has no mercy.2. Bassanio offered Shylock two more dollars for every one dollar that Antonio owed Shylock.3. The duke refuses to make a decision until Bellario, the famous wise man, arrives to hear the arguments and help make a decision.Chapter 14Preview Questions1. No, I don’t think Bassanio and Graziano will recognize Portia and Nerissa when they arrive in Venice.2. I think Bellario may be able to s top Shylock from taking one pound of Antonio’s flesh.3. Yes, I think Shylock will show mercy to Antonio.No, I don’t think Shylock will show mercy to Antonio.Review Questions1. Nerissa pretended to be a messenger from Padua and Portia pretended to be Balthasar, a wise young judge.2. Portia stops Shylock from taking his pound of flesh by saying there was nothing in the contract about taking any of Antonio’s blood. Shylock could only take the pound of flesh if he didn’t take any of Antonio’s blood.3. When Shylock dies, his possessions will go to Jessica and Lorenzo.Chapter 15Preview Questions1. Yes, I think Bassanio should pay the young judge for saving Antonio’s life.5No, I don’t think Bassanio should pay the young judge for saving Antonio’s life.2. Yes, I think that Portia will tell Bassanio who she really is.3. As payment for her work, I think Portia will ask for the 30,000 dollars that Antonio owes Shylock.Review Questions1. As payment for her work, Portia asked Bassanio for the ring that she had given him before he left for Venice.2. Bassanio didn’t want to give Portia his ring because he had promised her that he would never lose it, sell it, or give it away.3. In the end, Bassanio gave Portia his ring because Antonio thought that he should give the young judge the ring.Chapter 16Preview Questions1. When Bassanio and Graziano get back to Belmont, I think they will find out what their wives did in Venice.2. Yes, I think Portia and Nerissa will tell the truth about their rings.No, I don’t th ink Portia and Nerissa will tell the truth about their rings.3. Yes, I think this story will have a happy ending.Review Questions1. When they returned to Belmont, Portia and Nerissa asked Bassanio and Graziano why they had given their rings away.2. Antonio felt bad because he was the one who told Bassanio to give his ring to the young judge.3. When Shylock dies, Lorenzo and Jessica will get everything he owns.LEVEL 3 The Merchant of Venice< Summaries >Chapter 1A rich merchant in Venice, called Antonio, was sad and his friends tried to help him be happy again. One of his friends, Bassanio, owed him money and thought he could repay his debt if he could court and marry Portia, a rich young lady in Belmont. He asked Antonio to lend him more money, but Antonio d idn’t have enough. He was expecting his ships to return soon, so he encouraged Bassanio to borrow money from a moneylender, and agreed to guarantee the loan.Chapter 2In Belmont, Portia received a number of suitors who wanted to marry her. She d idn’t like any of them. Before her father died, he made a rule that anyone who wanted to marry her had to choose one of three boxes. If he chose the right box, he could marry her, but if he chose the wrong box, he must never marry anyone. None of her suitors dared to choose a box.Chapter 3Antonio and Bassanio went to Shylock, a Jewish moneylender, to borrow some money from him. Shylockd idn’t like Antonio and didn’t really want to help him or his friend, but decided to lend them money in case he had the chance to hurt Antonio in some way. He made Antonio promise to give one pound of his flesh if he could not repay the money on time. Antonio agreed because he thought that his ships would return in time and he would have enough money by then.Chapter 4The Prince of Morocco came to visit Portia and told her about his wealth and his courage. He told her that he had fought in many battles. He liked her and decided to choose a box. He knew that if he chose the wrong box he would never be able to marry anyone. He wanted to choose a box immediately, but Portia told him they would have dinner first.Chapter 5Shylock’s servant Lancelot was a strange man. He me t his blind father and told him that his son was dead. Gobbo, his father, believed him and Lancelot had to tell him the truth. Lancelot did not like working for Shylock, and wanted to work for Bassanio instead. He persuaded his father to help him, and he got a job with Bassanio.Chapter 6Bassanio decided to have a party when he got the money from Shylock. His friends planned to have a masked parade at the party. One of them, Lorenzo, wa s in love with Shylock’s daughter Jessica, and planned to run away with her on the night of the party. Lancelot took letters from Lorenzo to Jessica and from Jessica to Lorenzo. Bassanio invited Shylock to come to the party and Shylock accepted, although he was worried that7something would go wrong that night. He told Jessica to lock the doors and not let anyone into the house. Jessica took some money and jewels and ran away with Lorenzo. The party ended early because the wind had changed and the ship to Belmont was leaving earlier than expected. Bassanio and Graziano sailed to Belmont.Chapter 7The Prince of Morocco looked at the three boxes. One was made of gold, another of silver and the third of lead. Each of them had some writing on it to help him choose the right one. He chose the gold box because it was the best-looking box. Inside the box was a dead animal and some writing. It said that you should not trust in outward appearance. It was the wrong box, and he went away sad.Chapter 8Shylock was very angry because his daughter had run away with a Chrisitan, and because she had stolen his money and jewels. Antonio’s friends reali zed that he would take revenge on Antonio if he could. A ship sank in a storm near England. Salerio hoped that it was not one of Antonio’s ships.Chapter 9The Prince of Aragon visited Portia and decided to choose a box. He looked carefully at the boxes and read the writing on each one. He chose the silver box, because the writing said that he would get what he deserved. He thought that he deserved Portia, but he d idn’t. It was the wrong box, and he went away disappointed.Chapter 10Antonio’s ships were all sinking and he had no money to repay Shylock. Shylock was very angry because Jessica was wasting the money she had stolen from him. When he heard Antonio’s bad news, he was happy, because now he could take Antonio’s flesh. He th ought that Antonio hated him because he was a Jew, and he told his friends that Jews were people just like Christians.Chapter 11Bassanio visited Portia and they fell in love. Graziano fell in love with Neri ssa, Portia’s maid. Bassanio ch ose the right box, but when he heard that all of Antonio’s s hips had been lost and that Shylock was demanding his pound of flesh, he hurried back to Venice with Graziano.Chapter 12Portia told Lorenzo and Jessica that she and Nerissa would stay in a convent until Bassanio and Graziano returned from Venice. Instead of this, Portia and Nerissa disguised themselves as men and went to Venice. Lancelot was now Bassanio’s servant and ha d to serve Lorenzo and Jessica while they were looking after Portia’s palace.Chapter 13Bassanio and Graziano went with Antonio to see the Duke. The moneylender still insisted that he wanted his pound of flesh. Antonio was sad, but agreed that it was right. Bassanio offered Shylock lots of money but itd idn’t help. Shylock would not change his mind.Chapter 14Portia and Nerissa arrived in Venice disguised as men. Portia pretended she was a judge and listened to the arguments about the pound of flesh that Shylock wanted to take from Antonio. She asked Shylock to show mercy, or to take the money that Bassanio was offering, but Shylock refused. She said that Shylock could take his pound of flesh, and Shylock was very happy. Then she told him that he could not take any blood. If he did, the Duke would take everything he owned. Shylock decided not to take the pound of flesh, but to take the money instead. Portia said that he could not take the money, because he had said that he didn’t want it. Then she told him that he had tried to kill Antonio, and that half of his possessions would go to Antonio, and the other half to the government. In the end Shylock had to become a Christian, and promise to give all his possessions to Lorenzo and Jessica when he died.Chapter 159Portia and Nerissa told Bassanio and Graziano that they had to hurry away. Bassanio offered them some money, but Portia said that she would like the ring on his finger instead. Bassanio did not want to give it to her, but Antonio told him to do it, and he did. Graziano also gave Nerissa the ring she gave him.Chapter 16Bassanio, Graziano, and Antonio went to Belmont. Portia and Nerissa got back before them and asked them why they no longer had the rings. Bassanio and Graziano told them what had happened, but Portia pretended that she didn’t believe them. Then she showed them that she had the rings and told them what happened. Some of the news about An tonio’s ships was wrong and he wa s soon a rich man again. In the end, everyone except Shylock was happy.。
威尼斯商人剧本
1 威尼斯商人剧本第一场地点:威尼斯的街道上人物:1安东尼奥--安 2萨莱尼奥--萨 3罗兰佐--罗 4巴萨尼奥--巴(安东尼奥同萨莱尼奥走在街道上,边走边谈)安:真不知道我为什么会这样闷闷不乐。
你们说你们见我的样子心里觉得很厌烦,其实我自己也觉得很厌烦,可是我怎样会让忧愁沾上身,这种简直让我成了一个傻子!(抱怨地举着双手,边说边摇头叹息)萨:您的心是跟着您那些扯着帆的大船在海上颠荡的,它们就像水上的达官富绅,炫示着它们的豪华。
(顿一下)可是,相信我,老兄,要是我也有这么一笔买卖在外洋,我也会用一大部分心思牵挂它,我一定会常常观测风的方向,查看港口的名字,凡是足以使我担心的一切,也都会使我忧愁。
安:你说的对,我的朋友,但是我又相信,我的买卖的成败并不完全寄托在一艘船上,更不是依赖着一处地方,我的全部财产,也不会因为这一年的盈亏而受影响,所以单单是这些货船还不足以使我如此忧愁。
萨:(有些惊讶,望着安)啊!那么您是在恋爱了?(开玩笑道)安:呕!不,不,不。
你说的是那儿的话啊。
(摇头摆手道)萨:(依旧迷惑不解)既然不是这样,那么会是什么事呢?让我说您忧愁是因为您不快乐,就像您笑笑跳跳,说您很快乐,因为您不忧愁,实在简单不过了。
安:如何对你说呢?我亲爱的朋友,倘若我能用最明晰的语言将我心中的一切倾吐给你,那么我宁愿拿我的一艘货船来交换,可是我又真的连我自己都搞不清,我该怎样开口,该从何处说起!(满脸为难)萨:哈哈哈哈!您真会开玩笑,我的朋友。
(抬头望前方)啊!前爱的安东尼奥,您看那边儿是谁!(用手指前方)安:(抬眼望去)噢!原来是他们俩。
(罗兰佐和巴萨尼奥同上)3 接上安:你们好!我亲爱的朋友!罗:您好,安东尼奥先生,还有您萨莱尼奥先生。
(萨向二人附和)真幸运,在这儿找到您了,安东尼奥先生(向安道)安:什么事?我的孩子,看你们匆忙得样子。
(疑惑得目光望着)罗:是巴萨尼奥!他找您有重要的事,是吧,巴萨尼奥(望着巴萨尼奥)巴:(搓着双手,作为难状看着安东尼奥,又转视罗兰佐和萨莱尼奥)是的安东尼奥,我是要找您说点事--- 萨:(看了看巴萨尼奥,又转向罗兰佐,笑着)亲爱的罗兰佐,你不是想同我一起去喝点酒吗?现在你有没有时间?罗:(笑着回答)噢,有,当然有,我正想请您一块去喝点鸡尾酒呢,现在我们就去!(转向巴萨尼奥)巴萨尼奥先生,您现在已经找到你要找的人了,我们要少陪拉,可是你千万别忘了吃饭时咱们在什么地方会面。
威尼斯商人 (3)
二次备课威尼斯商人[教学目标]1、了解戏剧的一些基本常识。
2、了解剧本这种文学体裁的一般特点。
3、了解通过戏剧冲突表现人物的思想性格的方法。
[教学重点]剧本体裁的特点和人物的形象。
[教学难点]通过戏剧冲突表现人物的思想性格的方法。
[教学方式]自主合作探究[教学过程]一、导入新课,明确目标二、学习戏剧知识1、关于戏剧的知识戏剧是一种综合的舞台艺术,它借助文学、音乐、舞蹈、美术等艺术手段塑造舞台艺术形象,揭示社会矛盾,反映现实生活。
2、分类按艺术形式表现手法划分:话剧、歌剧、舞剧。
按剧情繁简及结构划分:多幕剧、独幕剧。
按题材反映的时代划分:历史剧、现代剧。
按矛盾冲突性质和表现手法划分:喜剧、悲剧、正剧(悲喜剧)。
3、剧本剧本是舞台演出的依据和基础,是戏剧的主要组成部分。
作用是直接决定着戏剧的思想性和艺术性。
特点是必须适合舞台演出,受时间限制,篇幅不宜过长,人物不宜太多,场景不能过多变换。
必须有情节(即集中尖锐的矛盾冲突)有开端、发展、高潮、二次备课结局。
有时前面有序幕,后面有尾声。
语言必须符合人物身份和性格,通俗自然,简炼明确,响亮动听。
动作必须符合人物身份和性格。
有舞台说明,位置——每一幕(场)的开端、结尾、对话中间。
内容——人物表;时间、地点;服装、道具;人物的表情、动作、上下场等。
作用——帮助刻画人物性格、展开故事情节。
本单元是戏剧单元,是着重培养阅读和欣赏戏剧文学的能力。
欣赏戏剧文学,主要是欣赏人物语言。
人物的语言要求能充分表现人物的性格、思想感情和身份。
欣赏剧本要看剧本作家怎样用不同的语言塑造不同人物形象,看人物语言对表现人物性格的作用。
本单元的几篇课文,无论是歌剧、话剧、或戏曲,人物语言的特征都是非常鲜明的。
许多戏剧语言有丰富的潜台词,阅读时要仔细揣摩、领会。
三、板书课题,了解常识1、作者简介莎士比亚(1564—1616),欧洲文艺复兴时期英国伟大的戏剧家和诗人,欧洲文学史上声誉最高、影响最大的作家之一。
九年级语文威尼斯商人3
生于斯土斯地,当年是多么怨恨它呀!正因为与它不可分割,所以才导致了人的悲苦贫困。离开土地,是所有年轻人的梦。可是三十年后,这才发觉:土地是好的,世上最好的!手划伤了,捏撮土 敷了,立即止血祛痛。我们享用的一切,全是土地生长出来的。掠食水产,以及海洋生物,是犯罪,是越界。
母亲的这一小块土地,不足二分。但是在她眼里,那是比她的幺儿——如果她有幺儿的话——还亲爱的。在西安,她天天念叨着这块土地。这块土地的产值,不及我送她一趟的路费。可是一生节俭 的母亲,压根儿不算这个账。竞彩彩票安全吗
在这片小小的平地之外,是别人的地。我记忆里的那些地,全是稻田。插秧时节,水牛在前面耙着,男女老少跟在后面插着。到了中秋节前后,十里稻香总是勾引出所有人的口水。土地分散到各家 各户后,为了提高产量,全变成了旱地。粮食不值钱了,再挖成鱼塘养鱼。鱼一多,又不值钱了,于是回填鱼塘,继续种地。
抓起一把土,放在鼻子下嗅嗅,一种罕见的芬芳浸入脏腑,像饮了一杯大户人家的千年陈酿。
威尼斯商人 (3)
也不能少割,不能流一滴血,也不能因此伤害安东尼奥性命。夏洛克无法做
到只好认输。这样鲍西亚巧妙地挽救了安东尼奥性命,同时为了证明自己爱
人否专心们要求自己丈夫交出戒指作为偿还最后真相大白安东尼奥重新得到
了自己财产。
演员列表
夏洛克——曽作为 安东尼奥——余偊僯 鲍西亚——岳薇 公爵——刘芝 巴萨尼奥——吴畅 葛来西安诺——曾熙 尼丽莎——区婧欢 萨拉里诺——程超凡 书记——安幸幸 众绅士——甲乙丙丁
创作背景
剧情介绍
贝尔蒙特:鲍西亚一个富人女儿按照父亲遗嘱得到了三个盒子:一个 金盒子一个银盒子还有一个铅盒子,其中一个盒子里面装着画像,如果 哪个男人选择了正确盒子那么将嫁给那个男人,于是求婚者从世界四 面八方云集到这儿都希望能得到……
威尼斯:镇上有一个年轻人名叫巴萨尼奥,下定决心要赢得鲍西
亚,但为了达到自己愿望需要三千达克特这一大笔钱,于一、民族的悲剧
夏洛克与安东尼奥签下了表面上看无利可图的契约,夏洛克宁可牺牲可观的利息, 也要抓住一丝的机会置安东尼奥于死地。夏洛克为什么这么恨安东尼奥呢?原因夏 洛克说得很清楚:“他憎恨我们神圣的民族,甚至在商人汇集的地方当众辱骂我, 辱骂我的交易,辱骂我辛辛苦苦赚下的钱,说那些都是盘剥来的肮脏钱。要是我饶 过了他,我们的民族永远没有翻身的日子。”夏洛克作为一个犹太人独自战斗,为 了保卫民族的荣誉。基督徒和犹太人的斗争,处于弱势的犹太人的悲剧在剧中通过 夏洛克形象的表现了出来。正如剧中夏洛克所说的:“您在交易所里骂我,说我盘 剥取利,我总是忍气吞声,耸耸肩膀,没有跟您争辩,因为忍受迫害本来是我们民 族的特色。您骂我异教徒,杀人的狗,把唾沫吐在我的犹太长袍上,只因为我用自 己的钱博取几个利息……您把唾沫吐在我的胡子上,用您的脚踢我,好像我是您门 前的一条狗一样。” ,夏洛克作为一个犹太人,民族上受到歧视与压迫,他的出身, 他的民族并不是他能够决定的。正如夏洛克所说:“忍受迫害本来是我们民族的特 色”,作为一个受歧视的犹太人,他的悲剧主要来自民族。所以他所承受的无理的 压迫是他的悲剧。
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13.威尼斯商人
【教学目标】
知识与能力:1、了解关于剧本的基本知识。
2、理解戏剧情节再戏剧构成中的地位和作用。
过程与方法:赏析后再理解课文内容。
情感态度与价值观:理解莎剧中所体现的人文主义思想。
【教学重点】掌握戏剧的基础知识,理解戏剧情节再戏剧构成中的地位和作用。
【教学难点】理解剧中人物的性格,了解作者通过剧本所表达的人文主义理想。
【教具准备】多媒体课件
【课时安排】3课时
【教学过程】
第3课时
一、归纳主题思想
剧本第四幕第一场通过夏洛克与安东尼奥的矛盾冲突,揭露了封建资产阶级高利贷心狠手辣、贪婪冷酷的阶级本质;同时颂扬了新兴资产阶级的人与人之间的深情厚意,轻利重义的道德思想。
二、分析戏剧艺术特色。
1、在矛盾冲突中展开情节,塑造形象
冲突是戏剧的基础,无论是突出人物性格,故事情节的发展,生活本质的揭示,主题的表现,均需要在激烈的矛盾冲突中展开。
《威尼斯商人》是第四幕第一场,主要描写威尼斯法庭审判“一磅肉”案件的经过,是全剧的高潮。
故事的三条线索:一条是鲍西娅选亲,巴萨尼奥选中铅匣子与鲍西亚结成眷属;一条是夏洛克的女儿杰西卡与安东尼奥的友人罗伦佐的恋爱和私奔;还有一条是主线,即威尼斯商人安东尼奥为了帮助巴萨尼奥成婚,向高利贷者犹太人夏洛克借款三千元而引起的“割一磅肉”的契约纠纷。
三条线至此会合到一起,主要人物全部登场,戏剧冲突的双方展开了一次又一次的交锋,最后形成紧张而尖锐的转机性冲突,构成了戏剧冲突的高峰,决定了胜负。
从夏洛克一上场,激烈的争辩立刻开始,而且越来越激烈。
剧本通过公爵、巴萨尼奥、葛莱西安诺三人从劝到骂,态度一个比一个严厉,夏洛克反驳也越来越厉害,而且显然占了上风,使剧情有层次地推进到高潮。
鲍西娅上场,在要不要照约执行处罚问题上,事情似乎会按夏洛克的意向发展,夏洛克兴高采烈。
安东尼奥向朋友告别。
就在这时,剧情急转直下,鲍西娅的“照约执行”竞使夏洛克陷入绝境。
恶人终于受到惩罚,在这场尖锐的戏剧冲突中,夏洛克这个贪婪、残忍、凶狠的剥削者的形象,也鲜明生动地刻画出来了。
鲍西娅的智慧、勇敢沉着的性格特征也得到了充分地体现。
这种大开大合,曲折有致的情节安排,显示了作品的极高艺术水平。
2、塑造了个性鲜明的典型人物
作者塑造人物形象时决不是当作某种概念进行图解,而是在紧张激烈地戏剧冲突中,通过行动和语言来刻画。
围绕一磅肉的诉讼,每个人都投入这一纠葛,都用自己的语言、行动—参加斗争。
从而表现出各自的个性。
夏洛克贪婪残忍,鲍西娅的聪明机智,安东尼奥的侠义豪爽都写得栩栩如生。
即使次要人物,个性也很鲜明,如稳重慈祥的公爵、暴躁易怒的葛莱西安诺,也给人留下了难忘的印象。
3、丰富生动的语言
这一场法庭审判,在激烈争辩中表现出作品语言的丰富多彩,生动形象,符合每个人的身分
和性格。
例如夏洛克的语言就很有特色,他一张嘴巴对付好几个人,语言很有争辩性,又讲究严密的推理,有时用反语加强语气,有时有冷嘲热讽迫使对方无言以对。
他词锋逼人,表现他的的者于世故,心肠歹毒,一旦得手,便置人于死地的那种洋洋自得心理。
鲍西娅上场,他立即献上甜蜜蜜的颂辞;判决之后,又句句不离钱。
其他人物语言也各有特色,如公爵的委婉耐心,葛莱西安诺的暴躁易怒等。
作者特别善于运用比喻,使词语华丽生动。
例如巴萨尼奥对夏洛克说:“初次冒犯,不应该就引为仇恨。
”夏洛克不正面回答他,而只是说:“什么?你愿意给蛇咬两次吧?”用这个比喻表示出对安东尼奥的仇恨和杀害安东尼奥的决心。
接着安东尼奥也用一连串的比喻来说明他对夏洛克的认识:“你现在跟这个犹太人讲理,就像站在海滩上,叫那大海的怒涛减低它的奔腾的威力,责问豺狼为什么害得母羊为了失去它的羔羊而哀啼,或是叫那山上的松柏,在受到大风吹拂的时候,不要摇头摆脑,发出簌簌的声音……”。
运用这些比喻,使语言丰富多彩,台词虽长,但无累赘之感,给人以一种文辞华丽流畅的艺术美感。
本剧中还有不少戏剧语言的夸张用法,例如夏洛克的奉承,吹捧鲍西娅的话和判决后“钱”的计较,以及葛莱西安诺对夏洛克的“回敬”、“挖苦”等,不仅刻画了人物性格,而且加强了喜剧效果。
三、布置作业。