医学英语课件：Chapter 10 Ultrasound and Medicine
《医学英语_课件》
laboratory tests and their
diagnosing and monitoring
and ultrasound in medical
significance in diagnosing
various medical conditions.
diagnostics.
diseases and monitoring
documentation and understand
records more efficiently.
their meanings.
3
Usage and Context
Learn how to effectively use medical abbreviations in written and verbal
1
Decoding Medical Jargon
2
Improving Chart Reading
Decode the abbreviations
Enhance your ability to read and
commonly used in medical
interpret medical charts and
Learn how to effectively communicate and
trust, provide information, and ensure patient
collaborate with healthcare professionals from
understanding.
different disciplines.
documentation.
Communicationinhealthcare settings
医学英语概述PPT课件
第37页/共54页
（2）“组合元音”分析法：是构词成分的 接合点。 最常见的元音字母是“O”。 如esophag/o/jejun/o/gastr/o/stomy 食管空肠胃吻合术。
第8页/共54页
（2）当一个名词常同时有外来复数 与英文规则复数，外来复数在正式 文体中特别是科技用语中较常见， 而英文规则复数则在日常医学英语 中更常见。
第9页/共54页
（3）有些名词变复数时，词尾字母拼 写发生变化
如 phalanx→phalanges指(趾)骨 faux →fauces 咽门
①倒数第二音节中的元音后面跟 两个辅音，大多数情况下，其元 音读短音，重音在该音节上。
如bronch’ismus 支气管痉挛
第46页/共54页
②倒数第二个音节中的元音后面跟 一个辅音，其中有不少元音读短音， 则重音落在倒数第三音节。
如 ’ abdomen
第47页/共54页
心电图
第18页/共54页
• cholangiocholecystocholedochectomy
• cholangiocholecystocholedochectomy • cholangio/cholecysto/choledoch/ectomy
肝胆道切除术(肝管胆总管胆囊切除术)
第19页/共54页
第14页/共54页
（3）为了简洁，常采用被动语态 及应用名词作定语构成复合词形 式，如cancer patient(patient with cancer)，blood vessel wall(wall of the blood vessel)
医学英语词汇PPT课件
g胃as炎从tr 属+ 关o系+：词iti根s +词缀→关g系astritis
规那么一：后缀以元音开头，“o 〞省略
leuk + o + cyt + o
+ penia
词根(白)
词根(细胞) 词
尾(减少〕
规那么二：后缀以辅音开头，“o
并列关系：词根+词根 gastr规+ 那o+么e：n’元t音er+〔oo+〕ic 不能省胃略肠的
veterinary and human medicine.
上述的医学术语有的人能够不 认识，但下面的单词置信您是
认识的
carcinoma hepatitis cholesterol
癌 肝炎 胆固醇
why
三个数字 10万：医学辞典 1.0万：常用医学词汇 0.1万：每年医学新词
医学英语术语终究有多少? 很难说清楚。最常用的恐怕也 不下1万条左右，假设包括较常 用的在内总有数万条；一部比 较完全的医学词典，通常都收 载有10万条左右的医学词汇。
emiaalgiaorrhagiaectasiamalaciaodyniaplegiauriapenia医学英语词汇26peniadeficiencylack不足缺少减少?leucopenia白细胞减少?erythropenia红细胞减少?lymphopenia淋巴细胞减少?thrombopenia血小板减少医学英语词汇27单词重音在倒数第二音节的词尾?escence2adolescence?escent2adolescent?ian2pediatrician?元音tion2accomodation?ious2infectious?ate2reticulate?ity2disability医学英语词汇28uriaurinecondition尿症hematuriahematuria血尿医学英语词汇29plegiastrokeparalysis中风麻痹thermoplegiathermoplegia热射病中暑医学英语词汇30odyniapain痛cardiodynia心痛医学英语词汇31malaciasoftening软化osteomalaciaosteomalacia骨软化医学英语词汇32ectasiaorectasisstretchingdilatation扩张膨胀nephrectasianephrectasia肾扩张医学英语词汇33ectasis扩张?angiectasis血管扩张?bronchiectasis支气管扩张医学英语词汇34algiapain痛arthralgiaattheralgia关节痛neuralgia神经痛arthralgia关节痛医学英语词汇35emiabloodcondition血病血症leukemialeukemia白血病bacteremia菌血症septicemia败血症hypercholesterolemia高胆固醇血症医学英语词汇36orrhagia出血?gastrorrhagia胃出血医学英语词汇37简单后缀y
《医学英语术语》ppt课件-文档资料99页
• 11. 1 医学英语术语词素 • 根据构词法，组成单词的要素，即用以构成单词
的有意义的音节，叫做词素（morpheme或wordelement）。词素可分为词根（root, base），连 接元音(connective or combining vowel)，组合形 式（combining form），前缀（prefix），后缀 （suffix）。以endo/crin/o/logy为例，endo是前缀， crin是词根，o为连接元音，crino为组合形式， logy是后缀。 • 11. 1. 1 词根 词根是一个术语最根本的成分，它 构成该术语的语义核心。下面是以cephal- 为词根 的一组同族词（cognate words）。
• 医学英语术语中的前缀主要源于古希腊语 和拉丁语的介词、部分数词或表示态度的 词。由于长期放在词根前使用，它们便失 去了独立作用而成为前缀。
• 11. 1. 3 后缀 后缀是附加在词根后的词素。
• （1）纯后缀 在普通英语构词中，后缀一 般不改变词的含义，只表示其词类。这种 后缀叫纯后缀(real suffix). 医学英语中，也 有纯后缀, 但数量较少，一般是从古希腊语 和拉丁语移入的或转化的。
• （2）去掉医学英语术语的古希腊语或拉丁语前缀、 后缀及连接元音。例如：viricide(杀[病]毒剂)去掉 后缀-cide（杀…）和连接元音-i-，就得词根vir(病毒、毒）；同样将antivirin(抗病毒素)去掉前缀 anti-(抗)和后缀-in(…素)也可得词根vir-(病毒)。这 是从现有词汇中获得词根的常见方法。
• 前缀 +词根 +连接元音+ 后缀 → 全词
词义
最新(医学专业英语)医学英语术语学ppt课件
2 .理解词义，记忆单词
Masto-
乳房固定术
Gastro-
胃固定术
-pexy ColpohysteroHepato-
阴道子宫固定术 肝固定术
Cysto
一、学习医学英语构词法的重要性 二、英语发展简史 三、医学英语术语的基本特征 四、医学英语术语构词规则 五、医学英语术语的读音规则 六、医学英语构词法的常用词缀
一、学习医学英语构词法的重要性
pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
Pneumono-ultra-microscopic-silico-volcano-coniosis
✓ 几乎在所有希腊语词根后加-o-； ✓ 拉丁语词素后面可以加o或i; ✓ 当结合型与另一个以元音字母开头的词根或后缀 结合时，
结合型中的元音字母常省略；
✓ 并列关系的词素之间； o或i为词素所不可缺少的部分时， 可以保留。
① saved
Gastro -pexy gastropexy Meno -pause menopause
cocci ganglia
apex cervix
Apices Cervices
（四）字母的互通
• ae→e，oe→e，ou→u，ph→f，y→i • haemorrhage→hemorrhage oedema→edema • oulitis [u’laitis]→ulitis [ju’laitis] • sulphonamide→sulfonamide
《基础医学英语》课件
基础医学英语课件汇报人：日期:•医学英语基础词汇•医学英语语法与句型•医学英语文献阅读与写作•医学英语口语与听力•医学英语考试与评估•医学英语文化与跨文化交流01医学英语基础词汇古希腊和古罗马文化对医学英语词汇的影响医学词汇的起源与演变拉丁语和希腊语在医学英语词汇中的使用现代医学英语词汇的创造与演变解剖学词汇生理学词汇病理学词汇药物学词汇03使用专业词典01掌握医学英语词汇的常用词根和词缀02阅读医学英语文献02医学英语语法与句型医学英语的基本语法030201医学英语的常用句型主语+谓语01主语+谓语+宾语02主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语03医学英语语法的难点与易错点专业术语缩写和首字母缩写词复杂句型03医学英语文献阅读与写作医学英语文献的阅读技巧确定阅读目的快速浏览全文抓住重点信息仔细研读细节医学英语文献的结构与写作要点总结研究成果，指出研究的局限性和不足之处，为后续研究提供参考。
对结果进行深入分析和解释，与已有研究进行比较和讨论，注意逻辑关系和条理性。
客观呈现研究结果，注意使用专业术语和准确的数据表达。
简要介绍研究背景和目的，为读者呈现研究的重要性和必要详细描述研究设计、数据采集和分析方法，确保读者能够了解研究的详细过程。
医学英语论文的撰写与发表在撰写医学英语论文之前，先准备好详细的提纲和草稿，确保文章的结构准备论文草稿在投稿前，请教同行专家或专业编辑的意见，对文章进行最后的修改和完寻求专业意见使用简洁、准确的语言表达观点和描述研究过程，避免使用复杂的句子结构和生僻词汇。
语言表达准确遵循规范格式在完成初稿后，多次修改润色文章，确保语言表达准确、流畅，提高文章反复修改润色020103040504医学英语口语与听力医学英语口语的表达与交流技巧明确表达医学英语口语的发音需要准确规范，特别是对于一些专业术语的发音，需要反复练习，以免在交流中造成误解。
规范发音语速控制精听与泛听结合通过精听和泛听相结合的方式，可以提高医学英语听力水平。
UltrasoundMedicine-精品医学课件
关注行业最新进展和学术研究，参加学术会议、研讨会和培训班，提升专业水平。
提高超声医学技术和素质的途径
持续学习
在实践中积累经验，不断尝试新技术和方法，提高操作技巧和诊断准确性。
实践探索
加强与其他医生的交流和合作，共同探讨病例、分享经验和技巧，促进共同进步。
团队合作
THANKS
感谢观看
联系
超声检查是一种影像学检查手段，受仪器、操作者经验及病情等多种因素影响，其结果存在一定的主观性和误差；而病理诊断则是通过组织病理学检查，观察病变组织的显微结构和细胞特征，对疾病做出准确的诊断。
区别
超声诊断与病理诊断的联系和区别
超声医学治疗和介入技术
04
超声引导下治疗技术
精确、微创、安全
总结词
超声引导下肿瘤消融术
03
超声医学的基础研究领域
02
01
超声医学的临床研究领域
超声影像诊断
研究超声在临床诊断中的应用，包括腹部、妇产科、心血管、骨骼肌肉等领域的诊断。
超声引导下的治疗
研究超声在引导下的各种介入治疗，如消融治疗、药物注射、引流等。
超声在其他领域的应用
研究超声在无损检测、生物医学工程、环境监测等领域的应用。
超声医学主要应用于腹部、盆腔、乳房、甲状腺、心血管和神经等多个领域。
超声医学是指利用超声波的物理特性对人体进行检查、诊断和治疗的一门学科。
超声医学的发展可以分为四个阶段：初步探索、初步应用、快速发展和现代化。
第一阶段是初步探索阶段，从19世纪末到20世纪初，人们开始研究超声波。
第二阶段是初步应用阶段，20世纪40年代至50年代，人们开始使用超声波进行检查和诊断。
卵巢囊肿
宫外孕
Ultrasound Medicine-精品医学课件
hepatocarcinoma, hepatocholangiocarcinoma,
metastases, lymphoma etc
Hemangioma
Primary Ca
Metastases 转移性肝癌
USG Findings Solitary or multiple
Modes of Ultrasonography
➢ A-mode one-dimensional ➢ B-mode two-dimensional ➢ M-mode ➢ D-mode(Doppler flow) ➢ 3D/4D
Ultrasonography A-mode – one-dimensional
Doppler methods
➢ Pulsed Wave – PW ➢ Continuous Wave – CW ➢ Colour Doppler Imaging – CDI
Colour Doppler imaging
➢ The image consists of black-white and colour part. ➢ rule – blue away, red towards.
fissures裂隙 ➢ Abnormality异常 and mass占位
hepatic cyst
The simple cyst has three acoustic properties
－－anechoic －－has a well-defined smooth capsule －－exhibits posterior enhancement (increased
THE TRANSDUCER
➢ Piezo-electric crystal
博士医学英语阅读修订版精品PPT课件
LOGO
What is TCM?
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a scientific summary of the rich experience of the Chinese nation’s struggle against disease for thousands of years. It is one of the oldest and strongest traditional medical system in the history of the world. Deeply influenced by the thoughts of ancient Chinese philosophy and culture, TCM applies dialectical thinking to research on the laws of a human being’s life activities from a macroscopic and systemic point of view. Chairman Mao said “Traditional Chinese Medicine is a great treasure-house and should be explored and improved diligently.”
The first pharmacopoeia sponsored officially in
ancient China, the earliest pharmacopoeia in the world
Sun
Valuable Prescription
《医学英语》课件：Common Medical Abbreviations
y/o = year old c/o = complains of c = Caucasian Pt = Patient hx = history PNA = pneumonia SOB = shortness of breath HA = headache DOE = dyspnea on exertion URI = Upper Respiratory Infection Abx = Antibiotics w/o = without ST = Sort Throat n/v/d/c = nausea / vomiting/diarrhea /
conjunctivitis or icterus, TMs pearly gray, no nasal d/c, MMM, no oral lesions or ulcers
Neck: Ø LAD, full ROM, ØJVD
General Appearance NAD = no acute distress Vital Signs NC = nasal cannula
constipation OTC = Over – The – Counter ED = Emergency Department
History
PMH: IDDM type 2, HTN, COPD, CAD
PSH: CABG 2007 Meds: ACEi, Insulin, ASA, βBlker, CCB, CS
BUT it should be used cautiously! Certain abbreviations should be avoided
TYPS
Phases’ initial letters: e.g. CP, SOB, DOE, CAD,JVD,DOA,PE, PMH,PERRL,ESRD,ESLD,GSW
大学精品课件：医学英语
Hello everyone. My name is He Jiana, majoring in Chinese medicine. Today my topic is Could This Be the Fountain of Youth for Mice and Men? It is concerning a protein, called GDF11. Before my speech, let’s review some words and phrases.Could young blood be the answer to cheating death? It is a hypothesis that young blood can make life forever or keep the body young. It may sound like the story in a vampire movie but now there is scientific research that supports the theory.U.S. scientists have discovered a protein in the blood in young mice that can undo some effects of aging in old mice. The same protein is present in human blood and might one day help us lead healthier lives.Two papers published in the journal Science discuss this protein, called GDF11.Researchers at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts explain how GDF11 improved the brain and muscle ability of older mice. This protein is found in high levels in the blood of young mice. And it appears to help develop new blood vessels.In one experiment, the scientists increased the levels of G DF11 in aging mice by surgically connecting the blood flow systems of young mice to the old mice. Blood containing higher levels of GDF11 flowed among both groups. In another experiment, they injected the protein into old mice.Scientists saw the greatest change in the old mice that shared blood flow with the young.The old mice formed new blood vessels. The animals' blood flow improved. And the aging process changed directions, or reversed, in every tissue the researchers observed.Researcher Lee Rubin is a professor of stem cell research at Harvard's Stem Cell Institute. His team looked at the effect of GDF11 on brain tissue."So, this simple surgery, connecting an old mouse with young blood, actually produced some structural changes in the old brain, making the old brain, in essence, more like (a) young brain. And some people have used the phrase 'rejuvenating the old brain.' And similar things were observed in other tissues."Rubin's teammate Amy Wagers said that GDF11 repaired DNA damage linked to aging. Wagers said earlier GDF11 research showed a change in the weakened hearts of older mice. The hearts returned to a more youthful size and beat more efficiently.So, this is great news for old mice. But what does it mean for us? There is growing hope GDF11 might someday repair and renew unhealthy human hearts. Also, Mr. Rubin says the protein might improve memory power for Alzheimer's patients or physical movement for people with Parkinson's disease.But the researcher says the protein is not a "fountain of youth." He says the aim of the research is not to lengthen life as much as to improve it.In other words, even if you did not live more years, at least you could remain healthier for the number of years you do live.And I think again, what we've shown is functional improvement in ... various different tissues in mice.Researchers at Stanford University in California are doing similar research. They report that blood from young mice improved brain operations in older mice.Researchers in Massachusetts and California are working with technology companies that specialize in human medicine to see how these findings can help humans.Harvard University's Lee Rubin predicts human testing could begin in as little as three years.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Roe v Wade Supreme Court Decision 1973
• Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), is a landmark United States Supreme Court decision establishing that most laws against abortion violate a constitutional right to privacy, thus overturning all state laws outlawing or restricting abortion that were inconsistent with the decision. It is one of the most controversial cases in U.S. Supreme Court history.
Acceptable government regulation according
electronic components etc. • Ultrasound are used to detect cracks and flaws in
metal blocks.
• Questions for discussion:
• The moral status of the fetus
• It is used to detect defective fetus. • It is used as a tool in the treatment of muscular pain. • Ultrasound is generally used to clean spiral tubes,
– Does the pregnant woman have the right to decide if she is going to carry the baby to term or not?
Rate per 1,000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998
Rate per 1,000
30
25
22.9
22.2
4 15.6
15
10
7.6
6.5
5
0
United Australia Sweden Denmark Canada England Germany Holland
States
& Wales
Source: Henshaw et al., 1999a (1996 data)
Abortion in the U.S.
• Various anti-abortion laws had been on every state statute book since at least 1900. Abortion was prohibited in 30 states and legal under certain circumstances (such as pregnancies resulting from rape, incest, and date drug.) in 20 states. The Supreme Court 1973 decision Roe v. Wade invalidated all of these laws, and set guidelines for the availability of abortion.
Applications of Ultrasound
• It is used for medical diagnosis and therapy and also as a surgical tool.
• Bats and porpoises use ultrasound for navigation and to locate food in darkness.
Chapter 10 Ultrasound and Medicine
Ultrasound
• Ultrasound is a sound wave with a frequency greater than the upper limit of the human hearing range.
• In physics the term “ultrasound” applies to all acoustic energy with a frequency above human hearing (20,000 hertz or 20 kilohertz). Typical diagnostic sonographic scanners operate in the frequency range of 2 to 18 megahertz, hundreds of times greater than the limit of human hearing. Higher frequencies have a correspondingly smaller wavelength, and can be used to make sonograms with smaller details.
– Is the fetus a person? At what stage in its development does it becomes a person? Conception? 1st trimester? Birth?
• The rights of the pregnant woman
Annual Number of Abortions Per 1,000 Women Aged 15–44 in US
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Source: Henshaw, 1998b
Abortion Rates in Western Industrialized Countries