高中英语 Unit 5 Music 语法探究

Unit 5 Music
语法探究
定语从句(IV) (由介词+wh ich/whom引导的定语从句)
1、先行词是物时，用介词＋which；是人时，用介词＋whom；why=for which。

介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2、that前不能有介词。

例如：
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. 我们依赖土地获得食物。

3、某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 、where和why 互换。

例如：
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joi ned our club?
还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
This is the reason for which he was put in prison.
This is the reason why he was put in prison. 这就是他为什么被关起来的原因。

4、介词＋which(指物)/whom（指人）在定语从句中作地点状语，表示存在关系，关系分句主谓常须倒置。

例如：
They arrived at a small house, in front of which sat a small boy.
他们来到一家农舍，前边坐着一个小男孩。

I saw a man, on the head of whom stood a bird.
我看到一个人，他头上站着一只鸟。

5、不定代词或数词＋of+which/whom,在关系分句中作主语，说明整体中的部分。

例如：Tom has three brothers, one of whom is a singer.
汤姆有三个兄弟，其中一个是个歌手。

China has a lot of islands, one of which is Taiwan.
中国有许多岛屿，其中之一是台湾。

6、名词＋of which，或者of which+名词，代替whose+名词，在定语从句中作定语。

例如：Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase ,the price of which（＝whose price）was very reasonable.
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.
7、介词＋which（指物）/whose（指人），修饰后边的名词。

例如：
He lived in London for 3 months, during which time he learned some English.
The driver was the man from whose room she had stolen the maps.
8、介词的确定：根据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配；依据先行词的习惯搭配；根据所表达的意思。

例如：
He bought a beautiful house on which he spent all his money.
他花掉所有的积蓄买了一套漂亮的房子。

This is the best way in which he can remember the words.
这是他记住单词的最好方法。

The gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.
没有它我们就没法生存的气体叫氧气。

［典例解析］
1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
[解析]答案选D。

turn to sb. for help是一固定结构，表示“向某人求助”。

2. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable.
A.which price C.the price of which
B.its price D.the price of whose
[解析]答案选C。

the price of which＝whose price=of which the price。

3.The journey around the world took the old sailo r nine months, _______ the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which
B. during which
C. from whi ch
D. for which
[解析]答案选A。

关系代词which指代the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.
4. The schools themsel ves admit that not all children will be successful in the
jobs ______
they are being trained.
A. in that
B. for that
C. in which
D. for wh ich
[解析]答案D。

从句中含有be trained for“为了……被培训”，所以选择for which。