2017-2018年上海金山中学高二上英语期末试卷

2017~2018学年金山中学第一学期期末考试
高二年级
II.Grammar and vocabulary
Special Gays Around the World
Teachers’ Day
(1)______ people in many countries celebrate World Teacher’ Day on 5th October, in Argentina it is on 11th September--the anniversary of the death of former president, Domingo Faustino in 1888. (2) _____ Samiento believed passionately in was the importance of education: he wrote ‘ Schools are the very basis of civilization’. Children traditionally write poems for their teachers and give them an apple, make a cake or buy flowers. In Vietnam, Educators’ Day is in November. Many students visit their former teachers in their homes (3) ______ (give) them presents, or give news about themselves. And at some schools in India, senior students become teachers, and teachers become students for the day.
World Book Day
In many countries, Book Day(4)______ (fall)on23nd April every year. It originated in Catalonia in1923when booksellers decided to honour the Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes who died on that day in 1616. In 1995, World Book Day became an international event, (5)______(celebrate)reading, and books. People exchange presents--usually a book and a rose. There are also events such as writing competitions, and in Madrid there is a public reading of Cervantes’s greatest work--Don Quijote --(6)____ lasts 48 hours!In the UK and Ireland, all schoolchildren received a £1 book token（礼品券），and many children now dress up as (7) _____ favourite character from fiction!
Respect for the Aged Day
Grandparents’Day is popular in many countries, but in Japan--a country where nearly30 percent of the population are over 60--older people (8) ______(treat) with special respect. The third Monday of September is ‘Respect for the Aged Day’, which became a national holiday in 1966. Everyone has a day(9)_____ school or work and people organized celebrations for the elder people of the village or community where they live.Young people dress up in traditional clothes. They sing and dance and there will be a meal specially(10)_______ (prepare)for the older people. Nowadays, people also visits relatives and the older people in their families, for a three-day weekend.
Section B
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be (1) _______, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every (2) ______ with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of (3) ______ among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these culture is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be (4) _______ is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for (5) _______.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with (6) _______ among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show (7) ______ between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by
a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the (8) ______ meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not (9) ______ too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (10)______ of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
III.Reading comprehension.
When you say that someone has a good memory, what exactly do you mean? Are you saying that the person has fast recall or that he or she (1) ________ information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about her or his childhood. The truth is that it is (2) ________ to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for decades say they are still trying to (3) ________ exactly what it is. We do know that a particular memory is not just one thing stored somewhere in the brain. (4) ________ , a memory is made up of bits and pieces of information stored all over the brain. Perhaps the best way to (5) ________ memory is to say that it is a process — a process of recording, storing, and getting back information. Practice and repetition can help to (6) ________the pieces that make up our memory of that information.
Memory can be (7) ________ affected by a number of things. (8) ________nutrition can affect a person’s capability of storing information. Excessive alcohol use can also weaken memory and cause permanent (9) ________ to the brain over the long term. A vision or hearing problem may affect a person’s power to notice certain things, thus making it(10) ________ to register information in the brain.
When people talk about memory, they often (11) ________ short-term memory and long-term memory. If you want to call a store or an office that you don’t call often, you look in the telephone book for the number. You dial the number, and then you forget it! You use your short-term memory to remember the number. Your short-term memory lasts about 30 seconds, or half a minute. (12) ________, you don’t need to look in the telephone book for your best friend’s number, because you already know it. This number is in your long-term memory, which (13) ________ information about things you have learned and experienced through the years.
Why do you forget things sometimes? The major reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough (14)________. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you did not (15) ________ the names at the first few seconds when you heard them.
1. A. collects B.processes C.publishes D.absorbs
2. A. necessary B.important C.difficult D.convenient
3. A. figure out B.take out C.put out D.give out
4. A. After all B.Instead C.By contrast D.Besides
5. A. recall B.refresh C.describe D.decrease
6. A. lose anize C.identify D.strengthen
7. A. positively B.negatively C.actively D.directly
8. A. Poor B. Adequate C.Special D.Various
9. A. benefit B.offence C.effect D.damage
10. A. easier B.more impressive C.harder D.more convenient
11. A. refer to B.apply for e across D.break down
12. A. Furthermore B.However C.Consequently D.Otherwise
13. A. leaks B.transmits C.checks D.stores
14. A. in the middle B. at the end C.in the beginning D.ahead of time
15. A. restore B.record C.replace D.respond
Section B
A
When you’re abroad, trying to find out who to tip is never straightforward and neither is trying to work out the exact amount. To make things even more complicated, the rules for tipping vary greatly from country to country. Also, within each country the rules can change, so what was appropriate last time you visited your favourite country may be completely inappropriate next time you go.However, here are some general guidelines which might help you on your journeys.
You face your first dilemma as soon as you land at the airport―the taxi ride. Taxi drivers generally do expect tips, but rather than there being an exact amount,people round up the fare or just tell the driver to keep the change.
Your next encounter is with the hotel porter and you know he’s expecting a tip, but the problem is trying to figure out how much. It seems that in many countries round the world $1per bag would be an appropriate amount.
Then, of course, you have to eat. In some countries such as Ireland, Brazil, Poland and Portugal, the customary tip in restaurants is 10-15% unless a service charge is included, so the first rule of thumb is always check the bill. In other countries such as France, Italy, Germany, Australia and Spain, where a 10-15% service charge is either very common or compulsory, you may want to leave an additional tip if you think the service was particular good, but it certainly isn’t obligatory. However, in some countries it may seem strange if you do leave a tip.In Japan, for example, the waitress might be insulted if you tipped her. In Thailand, if you left a tip, the restaurant staff probably wouldn’t be offended, but you might be pursued down the street by someone thinking you’d forgotten to take your change.In New Zealand, although it’s unlikely anyone would chase after you, you’d definitely get some odd looks if you left a tip.
And your problem with tipping isn’t over when you leave the restaurant. Next you discover the tour guide, the hairdresser and the toilet attendant are all expecting a tip as well, but again, how much? Perhaps the best option in these cases is to ask the local people what is acceptable or observe what others do. of course, you could simply play safe and tip everyone you meet.
1.The word “dilemma” (in paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to _______.
A. A different situation
B.An early opportunity
C. A high expectation
D.An exact explanation
2.What does the writer suggest tourists do in countries like Brazil?
A.Never tip waiters or waitresses because they may be offended.
B.Play safe and leave a tip about 12% of the bill after each meal.
C.Make sure whether a service charge is included in the bill before giving tips.
D.Always check whether you have kept all your change before leaving the restaurant.
3.People needn’t tip waiters in _________.
A.Ireland and France
B.Germany and Japan
C.Poland and Italy
D.Thailand and New Zealand
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A.Advantages of tipping.
B.Rules of tipping.
C.Possible origins of tipping.
D.Different opinions on tipping.
B
There are thirty-four bridges on the Thames River in London, the following are among the most famous ones.
Tower Bridge
Tower Bridge has stood over the River Thames in London since 1894 and is one of the finest, most recognizable bridges in the World. It is the bridge in London you may see in movies and on advertising writing for London. Tower Bridge is the only Thames bridge that can be raised. It used to be raised about 50 times a day，but nowadays it is only raised 4 to 5 times a week.
London Bridge
The construction of the first stone London Bridge started in 1176 and finished years later. Houses and shops were once built on the bridge，which made the road so narrow that it was often jammed with people，horses and carts. A "keep left" rule was made in 1733 to keep the traffic moving. This became the rule of the road in Britain. In 1757 the old bridge was pulled down and a new one was built in 1831.Interestingly，that one was pulled down again in 1967 but rebuilt in Lake Havasu City, the USA, as a tourist attraction. The present London Bridge was opened in 1973.
Millennium Bridge
Millennium Bridge is a bridge for walkers. It was built to connect the Tate Modern Art Gallery to the city and St Paul's Cathedral(圣保罗大教堂)in 2000.Thousands of people rushed to see the new bridge. Almost immediately after opening，the bridge had to be shut because of the dangerous waving caused by too many visitors. It has now been reopened. The bridge is about 320 meters，costs 16 million pounds to build and only takes walkers.
Westminster Bridge
Westminster Bridge is a road and foot traffic bridge over the River Thames between Westminster and Lambeth. The present bridge，opened in 1862，is the second on the site and took the place of an earlier bridge opened in 1750.The British romantic poet, William Wordsworth, wrote a famous poem Composed upon Westminster Bridge in the autumn of 1802.
Want to know more about the bridges on the Thames? Click here .
1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A.The 1831 London Bridge is now in the USA.
B.Tower Bridge is much less frequently lifted today than before.
C.Cars and buses are not allowed to cross Millennium Bridge.
D.Westminster Bridge is for walkers only.
2.T he passage is most probably taken from a _____________.
A.school report
B.website article
C.teenage magazine
D.science fiction
3.what can we learn from the passage?
A.William Wordsworth wrote many poems of the bridges on the Thames River.
lennium Bridge wasn’t built strong enough so that it had to be pulled down and rebuilt.
C.That all the traffic is kept left in Britain was from a rule of an old London Bridge.
D.Tower Bridge is the symbol of London because it is the first bridge on the Thames River.
C
Mountain regions are not just playgrounds for the richer citizens on the planet, however. The disappearing snows of Mount Kilimanjaro are a worrying sign that nowhere is safe from the adverse effects of human actions. The United Nations has identified three main areas that need to be addressed to ensure the future safety of the world’s mountains. These are: the protection of mountain ecosystems, the encouragement of peace and stability in mountain regions, and assistance for mountain people to maintain their ways of life.
From the busy cities of India to the farmlands of California, more than half the world’s population is dep endent on mountains for their fresh water supply. Global warming, deforestation, mining and heavy farming seriously damage breakable mountain ecosystems and put vital fresh water sources at risk.
Mountain regions host a large proportion of the world’s wars. From Afghanistan to the Balkans and the Andes to many parts of Africa, territorial（领土的）and drug related conflicts have damaging effects on the local environment and the lives of the local people. Fighting makes essential tasks such as farming impossible. Land mines make large areas of potential farming ground unusable. Also schools, roads, bridges and other important infrastructure（基础设施）are left in ruins.
Mountain people are among the poorest, least represented groups on the earth. They face many hardships and each day can be, “a test of survival”. Damage to mountain ecosystems worsens their situation and leaves them even more unprotected to disease and ‘natural’ disasters such as floods and landslides. It’s been recommended that forest profit should be reinvested in mountain communities and the people living there should be given a stronger political voice. Their fate is in many ways directly connected with that of people living at sea level.
There is an old motto for visitors to the countryside which advises them to leave nothing but footprints. It is still as relevant today as it always was. Unfortunately, the size of our footprints seems to be getting larger.
1. What the writer discussed in the previous sections is most probably about .
A.mountain ecosystems
B.mountain regions
C.mountain people
D.mountain sports
2.The word “adverse” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to “__________”.
A.direct
B.harmful
C.positive
D.powerful
3.Wars have directly brought the following effects EXCEPT __________.
A.inadequate supply of fresh water
B.impossible farming
C.mountain people’s poor living condition
D.ruined infrastructure
4.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A.Mountain people have enough political voice to protect themselves.
B.More money should be raised to establish mountain communities.
C.Worsened ecosystems put mountain people’s lives under threat.
D.Visitors to mountains have left nothing but large footprints.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be
Driving each other crazy
There’s a well-known joke: A woman is driving down a motorway and her husband phones her on her mobile. “Darling, be careful’ he screams, I’ve heard there’s a car driving the wrong way on the motorway near where you are.” “It’s not just one car’, she says, ’there are hundreds of them.’
And there’s another one: a man is driving his daughter and they are stuck in traffic. The little girl says, “I have a question’ What is it ?”asks her father , “When you’re driving, are YOU ever the stupid idiot?”
(1)_____________Is it because we recognize some truth in them? A lot of people seem to think that men and women do display quite different characteristics when it comes to driving, and in general, both male and female drivers tend to be quite critical of the opposite sex.
“Men are too confident in their own abilities. They never listen, they never need a map. They’re always sure they know the way.” says Cathy, whose husband rarely lets her drive the car. “They tend to drive too close to the car in front and they’re incredibly important. If there’s a car in front, they have to pass it even if it doesn’t make a difference to their overall speed. I think it’s some sort of territorial thing (2)_____________________.
What do man think about women? (3) ____________________Women passengers can’t keep quiet, says Paul, a retired architect. You know: You are going too fast ”,“can you see that pedestrian?” ,”Didn’t you see that traffic light ? ” or “I feel sick . Can’t you go straight?” There’s always some comment.
Despite men’s generally high opinion of their own driving skills , a report published in 2004 came down firmly in favor of women drivers .(4)_________________There include driving within the speed limits ,overtaking safety and conducting different strategies successfully , including signaling in good time ,reversing an braking quickly . They also had a better awareness of other drivers on the road . There was only aspect of driving where women did not perform as successfully as men and that was –no surprise ---- the ability to park their cars.
IV.Summary Writing
Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.
In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than at any other time of the day.
In addition, if we get up early and do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier. That is why many people getting up early do physical exercise year after year.
Also, we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we"ll probably have to do everything in a great hurry.
Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it.
第II卷（共40分）
I.Translation（3+3+4+5=15分）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.所有在场的人都反对花这么多的钱买这幅画。

（object）
2.他工作了一整天，没有吃任何东西，这使得他筋疲力尽。

（which）
3.他们中有多少人将报名参加下周的校运动会？（sign）
4.听到H1N1的传播被有效控制的消息，政府决定奖励那些为社会做出巨大贡献的科学家。

（measure）
假设你是育新中学学生王明，你校正开展“绿色校园”主题活动，通过校英文报向全体学生征集有助于节能的建议，你决定向校报投稿，内容必须包括：
1.你认为校园里还可以采取哪些措施来达到节能的目的（1至2个措施）
2.这些措施如果实施，可以带来怎样的好处。

KEYS
II.Grammar and vocabulary
1.While
2.What
3. to give
4. falls
5. celebrating
6. which
7. their
8. are treated
9. off 10. prepared
Section B
1-10EIACB KGJDF
Section A Cloze
1-5：DCABC 6-10：DBADC 11-15：ABDCB
Section B Reading Comprehension
(A)1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
(B)1. D 2. B 3. C
(C)1.D 2.B3.A 4.C
1.F
2.A
3.C
4.E
IV.Summary Writing
Getting up early is very important to us. First, morning is better than the other time of the day. Besides, doing more morning exercise can make us healthier. In addition, we can make a plan for the whole day instead of doing things in a hurry when we get up early. In short, we should get up early every day.(60 words)
第II卷
1.All the people present objected to spending so much money buying this painting.
2.He worked for the whole day without eating any food, which made him tired out\exhausted\worn out.
3.How many people among you will sign up for the school sports meeting next week?
4.Hearing the news that effective measures had been taken to control the spread of H1N1, the government decided to award those scientists who had made great contributions to the society.
Writing
Dear students，
Having heard that the school is kicking off the campaign to create an environmentally-friendly campus, I would like to put forward several suggestions to consider in order to save energy. As far as I am concerned, measures should be taken immediately so that it can benefit the living and nonliving things.
For instance, the school can launch a competition on saving wasted energy, during which students have to juggle several different tasks, evaluate risks and make quicker decisions in case other teams should excel them. Not only is energy saved, but students can also address current issues, foster the awareness of environment protection and learn the rules of effective methods through trial and error.
On top of that, the school ought to amend some rules and regulations. For example, no one is allowed to employ electric devices after 10 pm, which will apparently guarantee students’ sufficient sleep as well as urge them to make better use of limited time.
In conclusion, the school and the students both should spare no effort to resolve the growing concern on over-consumption of energy so as to a better and more beautiful community.
Yours sincerely,。