农村留守儿童心理问题成因及对策研究

农村留守儿童心理问题成因及对策研究

摘要

近年来，我国国民经济有了大幅度地提高，城市发展突飞猛进，农村也大力推行机械一体化。于是，大批的农村剩余劳动力不断的地拥向城市，这就形成了“留守儿童” 这一特殊群体。

在我国建设中国特色的社会主义——和谐社会主义的前景下，我们对“留守儿童”更加地担忧起来，尤其是心理健康方面的问题较为突出。“留守儿童”问题已不是单纯的教育问题，而是已经发展成为严重的社会问题。由于长期生活在特殊的环境中，多数留守儿童缺乏父母的关爱与呵护，长此以往，产生了性格缺陷（孤僻、自卑、叛逆等）、心理障碍、人生观的转变及价值观的偏移等一系列的心理问题。为此，本课题对农村留守儿童存在的主要心理问题进行了具体的调查研究。在研究其存在的主要心理问题基础上，还深入研究了农村留守儿童心理问题的成因，并给予一定有效的解决对策。

另外，农村留守儿童也是我国社会转型时期出现并将长期存在的一个特殊群体。课题以近几年来关于农村留守儿童心理健康的研究为依据，综述了我国留守儿童心理健康的研究现状，并对未来的研究进行展望，以期提高我国农村留守儿童的心理健康水平。

关键词：留守儿童，心理问题，成因，对策

Rural left-behind children psychological problems and

countermeasures

Abstract

In recent years, China's national economy has greatly improved, rapid urban development, rural areas vigorously mechanical integration. Thus, a large number of rural surplus labor force continued exodus to cities, which form the "Children Left Behind," the special groups.

In building socialism with Chinese characteristics in China - under the prospect of a harmonious socialist, we are "Children Left Behind" more concern, especially when mental health problems are more prominent. "Children Left Behind" problem is not simply education, It has become a serious social problem. As the long-term living in special circumstances, most stay behind the lack of parental care and child care, the long run, generate a character flaw (withdrawn, low self-esteem, rebellion, etc.), psychological disorder, life changes and a series of offset values psychological problems. Therefore, rural children left behind in this issue there is a major psychological problems, a specific investigation. In the study of its existence on the basis of the major psychological problems, but also in-depth study of rural children left the causes of psychological problems, and give some effective countermeasures and thinking.

In addition, remaining in rural areas there is also a period of social transition in China and long-term existence of a special group. Article to rural children left behind in recent years on mental health research, based on review of the Mental Health of Children Left Behind in China Research of the future of Looking research to improve rural mental health of children left behind.

Key words: Children Left Behind, psychological problems, causes, solutions

目录

一、绪论 (1)

(一)农村留守儿童心理问题研究的背景及目的 (1)

(二)国内外研究现状 (2)

1、国内研究现状 (2)

2、国外研究现状 (2)

(三)课题研究的方法、内容 (3)

1、课题研究的方法 (3)

2、课题研究的主要内容 (3)

二、留守儿童的概念界定及农村留守儿童现状 (5)

（一）留守儿童的概念界定 (5)

（二）农村留守儿童现状 (6)

1、留守儿童的监护类型 (6)

2、留守儿童生存发展问题 (7)

三、农村留守儿童存在的主要心理问题分析 (8)

（一）价值观的偏离和人生观的转变 (8)

1、价值观的偏离 (8)

2、人生观的转变 (9)

（二）性格缺陷及心理障碍 (9)

1、放纵自己，学习动力不足 (9)

2、性格柔弱，内向自卑 (10)

3、盲目反抗，缺乏安全感 (11)

4、寂寞无聊，怨恨父母 (11)

四、农村留守儿童心理问题成因 (13)

（一）社会原因 (13)

1、社会大环境的影响 (13)

2、政府制度的缺失 (13)

（二）家庭教育的缺失 (14)

1、缺乏父慈母爱 (14)