2015年北京师范大学政府管理学院考博真题分享

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2015年北京师范大学政府管理学院考博真题

2015年北京师范大学政府管理学院考博真题各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京师范大学博士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的考博真题，方便大家准备考博，希望给大家一定的帮助。

考博英语真题Part I: Listening Comprehension略Part II: Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are six passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by five questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the bestone and mark your answer on the ANSER SHEET.Passage OneIn 1900 the United States had only three cities with more than a million residents-New York,Chicago, and Philadelphia. By 1930, it had ten giant metropolises. The newer ones experiencedremarkable growth, which reflected basic changes in the economy.Line The population of Los Angeles (114,000 in 1900) rose spectacularly in the early decades ofthe twentieth century, increasing a dramatic 1,400 percent from 1900 to 1930. A number ofcircumstances contributed to the meteoric rise of Los Angeles. The agricultural potential of the areawas enormous if water for irrigation could be found, and the city founders had the vision and datingto obtain it by constructing a 225-mile aqueduct, completed in 1913, to tap the water of the OwensRiver. The city had a superb natural harbor, as well as excellent rail connections. The climate made itpossible to shoot motion pictures year-round; hence Hollywood. Hollywood not only supplied jobs; itdisseminated an image of the good life in Southern California on screens all across the nation. Themost important single industry powering the growth of Los Angeles, however, was directly linked tothe automobile. The demand for petroleum to fuel gasoline engines led to the opening of theSouthern California oil fields, and made Los Angeles North America's greatest refining center.Los Angeles was a product of the auto age in another sense as well: itsdistinctive spatialorganization depended on widespread private ownership of automobiles. Los Angeles was adecentralized metropolis, sprawling across the desert landscape over an area of 400 square miles. It考博结束已经好几个月了，也终于静下心来回顾一下自己整个考博的历程。

2015年北京师范大学MAP真题解析

2015年北京师范大学MAP真题解析对于北师大的2015年的真题。

首先，真题题型增加了案例分析题。

关于北师大真题题型的变化，在考试之前北师大就在微博上公开了各题型的分值情况——选择题100分，简答75分，论述题90分，案例分析35分。

这一分布在我拿到真题的时候也第一时间得到证实。

选择题50道，每道2分；简答5道题，每道15分；论述题3道，每道30分；案例分析题1道，共三小问。

总体上，分值分布上面大家都是心中有数的，这些都在预料之中，不过下面就是预料之外了。

其次，科目分布方面。

今年总体上分布跟去年有了些许变化，统计去年除统计是40分之外，其他科目都在60分、70分这个层次上，相对比较平均。

而2015年北师大分值分布相对离散性增加，社会心理学分值80（如果把攻击行为的培养归为发心部分的话），最低的仍然是统计和测量，都是45分。

由此可见，北师大比较注重社会心理学的考察，而且要大家在复习的时候要注意跟社会现实的结合。

最后，从难度和开放性上，今年北师大专硕真题选择题部分加大了对测量和统计的计算题的考察，2014年的选择题几乎仅有两道对中数和方差的简单计算，而在2015年的选择题部分，至少有10道计算题，其中测量部分的题目相对以计算为主，剩下的几道是关于测量历史考察，难度相对往年有所提高。

关于开放性，今年的论述题和案例分析题都有一定的开放性，考察大家对社会现象和社会心理的解读，部分学员表示无所适从。

总之，北京师范大学作为心理学最好的学府，今年的招生算是非常火的，除了高额的学费之外，各类推广和招生人数也是非常吸引人的，祝愿2016年的学子取得好成绩，同样建议2017年的考生扎实准备，复习范围要铺开，只有扎实复习才是王道。

附：2015年北师大真题科目分值分布。

2015北京师范大学考博英语真题首轮复习注意事项

2015北京师范大学考博英语真题首轮复习注意事项首轮英语复习应该根据上述考查重点有针对性地、有所侧重地展开，复习重点是夯实三个基本功：语法、词汇和复杂长难句式的初步掌握。

育明考博辅导专家提醒考生，这一阶段的复习非常重要。

英语首轮复习有它自己的特点，在这里提醒考生注意从以下三点进行把握。

语法不能投入过多时间语法固然重要，但是考博中直接涉及具体语法的很少很少，而主要是间接的通过阅读部分来考察语法知识点的。

同时语法是纯理论化的东西，很抽象。

汉语也有语法，而且汉语语法的难度要远远大于英语的语法。

但是中国人中真正懂这些抽象语法的人多吗？又有几个中国人看不懂、说不出、听不懂汉语呢？育明考博辅导专家认为，语言仅仅是一种交流的工具，很多时候知其然就够了，不一定非要知其所以然。

所以，语法的复习不应该作为大头，简单的温习一下就够了，甚至可以不去管那些具体的“概念”，比如“限制性定语从句”“非限制想定语从句”，只要能看懂文章，看懂句意就可以了。

切勿乱搞题海战术题海战术本来是个好方法，经过大量的演练后，就能熟悉题型、掌握套路，以至“熟能生巧”。

题海演练为的就是实战！但是题海战术有个最关键的前提：你现在作为战术演练的题型一定要和实战的题型几乎一致。

如果你所演练的题型和实战不一致，那就失去了实际应用价值。

就好比，要进行抢滩登陆战了，你却总在防空演习。

可想而知，就算你的防空能力达到了连一只苍蝇也飞不进来，也无法解决好抢滩登陆战的问题。

育明考博辅导专家提醒考生，盲目的题海战术只能说是浪费时间、浪费精力、浪费你的激情。

这也就是很多朋友考博前做了300-500篇阅读短文，命中率也不很糟糕，但是一到考博就只能命中50%左右的原因了！难句并不代表一切有的同学就认为只要把真题里的难句分析看懂，分析明白就可以了。

其实不然，每篇文章里都有不同句型的难句，你分析对了一个，也只是掌握了这一个。

无法达到举一反三，触类旁通的效果。

但是专门的难句分析书就不一样了，那里面把各种句型一一罗列，每个句型里又列举了几十个句子，你把这些个句子掌握了，这种句型也就掌握了，再在考场里遇到这样的难句就不会心慌了。

2015年北京师范大学考博英语真题及答案解析

第一部分：试题
Part I ：Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSER SHEET. Passage 1 The human ear contains the organ for hearing and the organ for balance. Both organs involve fluid-filled channels containing hair cells that produce electrochemical impulses when the hairs are stimulated by moving fluid. The ear can be divided into three regions: outer, middle, and inner. The outer ear collects sound waves and directs them to the eardrum separating the outer ear from the middle ear. The middle ear conducts sound vibrations through three small bones to the inner ear. The inner ear is a network of channels containing fluid that moves in response to sound or movement. To perform the function of hearing, the ear converts the energy of pressure waves moving through the air into nerve impulses that the brain perceives as sound. Vibrating objects, such as the vocal cords of a speaking person, create waves in the surrounding air. These waves cause the eardrum to vibrate with the same frequency. The three bones of the middle ear amplify and transmit the vibrations to the oval window, a membrane on the surface of the cochlea, the organ of hearing. Vibrations of the oval window produce pressure waves in the fluid inside the cochlea. Hair cells in the cochlea convert the energy of the vibrating fluid into impulses that travel along the auditory nerve to the brain. The organ for balance is also located in the inner ear. Sensations related to body position are generated much like sensations of sound. Hair cells in the inner ear respond to changes in head position with respect to gravity and movement. Gravity is always pulling down on the hairs, sending a constant series of impulses to the brain.

2015年北京师范大学教育学考博试题分析,考试真题,真题解析,复试真题,考博经验,真题笔记

考博详解与指导(一)教育哲学名词解释几年都没有出现重复，涉及到的有著作、教育流派、教育观、教育基本概念等方面，所以加强这些方面的总结是很必要的。

很有必要翻看教育哲学词典，并做摘录。

论述题教育主客体、效率与公平、全球化背景下的……等是热点考题。

重点需要抓住这些。

另外大众高等教育和精英高等教育也是热点。

不过2008年加入了有关教育哲学的基本问题的考查及教育哲学家的观点等。

因此复习需要全面进行。

(二)比较教育从题型来看，比较教育一直都没有改变，都是4-5道论述题。

基本上考查高等教育方面的比较多一点。

每年基本都有一道关于比较教育理论方面的内容。

一些重要改革潮流(课程、教育管理等)都是重点。

1.What’s your name?2.Does your name have any special meaning?3.Where were you come from?4.What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown?5.What is the climate like in your hometown?6.What is people’s favorite food in your region?7.What do you do during the Spring Festival?8.Can you describe one of the main festivals celebrated?9.Tell me something about the customs of your hometown.10.How long have you lived in XXX?11.What place in XXX do you like best?Why?12.Which is the best place you’ve been to China?13.What is the biggest problem you will face?14.Could you tell me something about your family?、15.When will you get married?16.What social responsibilities should a post-graduate take?17.What difficulties do your parents have concerning their old age?18.Which kind of professor do you like best?19.What does friendship mean to you?What kind of people do you make friendwith?20.What is your major?21.How do you like your major?22.When and where did you graduate?What qualifications have you obtained?23.What impressed you most when you were at university?24.What is the best university in your opinion?25.Could you sum up your own study habits in a few points?26.Do you think the subjects you are studying today are relevant to present-day society?Why?27.What do you do for a living?28.What are your job prospects?29.If you had the opportunity to change your subject,what would you do with it?30.What are your spare time interests?31.How do you spend your weekends?32.What is your favorite sport?What are the rules?33.What kind of films do you like best?34.What kind of music do you enjoy?35.Where have you been traveling to?Which place interested you most?36.Do you enjoy traveling?If yes.Where and why?37.What kind of differences in the system of higher education between China and other countries?38.What problem do you think you will have in XXX?39.How will you overcome the difficulties?40.Do you think you will be able to cope with English-demands of your intended study program?41.What difficulties do you think you’ll encounter in your studies?42.What do you intend to study?43.Why did you choose our university?44.Would you want to be a volunteer during Olympic Games?45.If there were an opportunity of studying abroad,what would you do?46.Should you study more theory or do more practice?Give your reasons,please.52.How serious is unemployment among young people?53.In your opinion,what are the most serious problems associated with modern life?54.What do you think have been the most important changes in your study field over the past5years?55.As there are more and more private cars,what do you think the government should do in order to encourage citizens to use public transport?56.How do you see yourself in ten years’time?57.What business do you hope to have?58.What will do if you cannot find a job after graduation?59.How do you afford your tuition?60.Does your family support your decision on studying?What help do they offer?• 1.自我介绍（self-introduce）Good morning.I am glad to be here for this interview.First let me introduce myself.My name is***，24.I come from******，the capital of*******Province.I graduated from the*******department of *****University in July，2001.In the past two years I have been prepareing for the postgraduate examination while I have been teaching*****in NO.****middle School and I was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two.Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interview by you.I am open-minded，quick in thought and very fond of history.In my spare time，I have broad interests like many other youngers.I like reading books，especially those about*******.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.In addition，during my college years，I was once a Net-bar technician.So，I have a comparative good command of network application.I am able to operate the computer well.I am skillful in searching for information in Internet.I am a football fan for years.Italian team is my favorite.Anyway，I feel great pity for our country‘s team.I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning.Of course，if I am given a chance to study ******in this famous University，I will stare no effort to master a good command of advance******.2.考研原因（reasons for my choice）There are several reasons.I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here last summer.In my opinion，as one of the most famous******in our country，it provide people with enough room to get further enrichment.This is the first reason.The second one is I am long for doing research in******throughout my life.Its a pleasure to be with my favorite******for lifetime.I suppose this is the most important factor in my decision.Thirdly，I learnt a lot from my*****job during the past two years.However，I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value.Life is precious.It is necessary to seize any chance for self-development，especially in this competitive modern world.In a word，I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.3.研究生期间你的计划（plans in the postgraduate study）First，I hope I can form systematic view of*****.As for******，my express wish is to get a complete comprehension of the formation and development as well as**************.If possible，I will go on with my study for doctorate degree.In a word，I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.4.介绍你的家乡（about hometown）I am from，a famous city with a long history over2，200years.It is called“Rong Cheng”because there were lots of banians even900years ago.The city lies in the eastern part of the province.It is the center of politics，economy and culture.Many celebrities were born here，for instance，Yanfu，Xie Bingxin，Lin Zexu and so on..You know，there is a saying that“The greatness of a man lends a glory to a place”。

2015年北京师范大学管理学考研、复试真题,真题解析,考研真题,考研笔记,复试流程

北师考研详解与指导912管理学没有名词解释了只有简答和论述题简答六个每题10分论述题每题30分我记得简答有法约尔对管理思想的贡献，SWOT的含义及其应用，前馈控制和反馈控制的优缺点，非语言沟通的含义和重要性，矩阵结构的含义及优缺点，论述题第一题是论述选聘过程中的“内升发”，“外聘法”和“公开竞争法”应注意的问题，第二题是结合相关知识论述组织结构扁平化的趋势，第三题是结合实际论述企业社会责任及制度化方法。

还有一道简答想不起来了~感觉今年的考题管理学原理（就是刘松柏老师出的那本小的）上面的内容考得比较多，平时还是要注意中西结合才能疗效好啊，因为学校也没有说哪本书考多少分的内容，所以之前复习罗宾斯的比较多，幸好后来又扫了两边刘松柏的，然后今年就考了这么多分那本书上的1、分数线出来了我该怎么办?A、高分上第一志愿→准备复试B、低分上第一志愿→准备复试/联系调剂学校C、未投上第一志愿→联系调剂/同时准备复试2、复试到底有哪些规定?每个学校根据教育部的规定，结合本校的实际情况，制定出本校复试相关规定。

附：考研网复试专题/fushi/3、复试的大致流程怎样?复试通知书(网上公布或电话通知)→准备复试的相关材料→到复试单位参加复试4、复试的具体流程怎样?报道→体检→专业笔试∕听力考试→专业面试∕英语口试→加试5、复试要带哪些材料?一定要仔细研读复试单位的相关规定。

学生证、准考证、身份证、本科成绩单(要有学校教务处公章)、毕业证、学历证、四六级证书等证书、大学期间获得的奖状或者工作期间取得的一些成果等这些一定要带。

(最好把这些资料都复印一份)，另外，最好带上一寸免冠照片几张(体检要用)6、一定要带准考证吗?最好带上，有的学校虽然没有特别说明，但在必要的时候可能会用到，比如凭准考证进入复试考场(监考人不一定是老师，有可能是秘书或者研究生，到时候真不给进就麻烦了。

)7、为什么要带四六级等相关证书呀?因为这个要加分的啊，但每个学校比例不一样，在有的学校，这些比例将占到复试总分的百分之左右十。

2010-2019年北京师范大学行政管理考博真题汇总

育明分者，不予录取。此部分考试成绩不纳入复试成绩。 2、总成绩=初试成绩+复试成绩 3、综合能力面试低于 180 分者，不予录取。 4、根据总成绩排名，依次录取。
2010-2019 年北京师范大学行政管理考博真题汇总
育明教育 506 大印老师整理 2019 年 9 月 1 日
大家好我是育明马老师
北京师范大学政府管理学院是考试制度的院校，初试考察①1101 英语或 1102 俄语或 1103 日语 ②2205 公共管理的理论与实践 ③3308 公共经济学，虽然不是申请制度，学术水平要求不是特别高，但是也是 985 院校，如果本硕院校层次不是非常强的话，还是建议有一两篇学术水平的代表作品。2019 年行政管理录取博士生 11 人。关注公众号“研究生巴士”了解更多育明考博相关信息。政管院出题导师及研究课题给广大考生列了出来。行管的初试过 200 分的比较少，英语基本拉不开分数，主要是专业课拉开的分数比较多。行政管理系出题导师及研究课题：杨冠琼通过科学合理的研究方法，研究政府管理创新的新思维新逻辑，政策创新源与创新演化，寻求政府治理有效路径。
育明考研考博培训中心官网：
8、《管理学原理》杨文士 9、《Public Management and Administration: An Introduction》S.P.Martin’s Press,1994 10、《Public Administration Review》American Administrative Society 11、《西方国家行政改革述评》国家行政出版社 12、《经济学原理》，曼昆，三联书店、北京大学出版社。 13、《经济学原理》，唐任伍等，北京师范大学出版社，2010 年版。
育明考研考博培训中心官网：

北京师范大学行政管理专业考博真题参考书重点高分课程班出题导师讲义-育明考博

北师大行政管理专业考博考试内容复试分数线复习资料--育明考博一、北京师范大学行政管理专业考博考试内容分析（育明考博辅导中心)专业招生人数初试内容复试内容120401行政管理7人①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语（100分）②2205公共管理的理论与实践（100分）③3308公共经济学（100分）①专业知识和能力（含本学科专业理论知识、分析解决问题的能力、外语听说能力）②综合素质和能力育明考博辅导中心李老师解析：1、北京师范大学行政管理专业考博的报录比平均在7:1左右（竞争较激烈）2、本专业有8个研究方向：全球化与政府效率研究（唐任伍）、政府规制企业成长（魏成龙）、政府管理创新研究（杨冠琼）、公共管理创新与社会管理体系转型升级（汪大海）、新型城镇化与制度创新（汪大海）、新公共治理和公共政策（孙宇）、政府管理与公共政策（施雪华）、全球化与全球治理（张胜军）。

3、同等学力考生复试笔试加试科目：两门硕士阶段专业基础课、政治理论4、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。

要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。

专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。

5、北师大考博初试外语中不含听力。

6、学院并不指定外语和专业课复习的参考书。

育明教育考博分校针对北京师范大学行政管理专业考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。

每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。

根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。

（北师大考博资料获取、课程咨询育明教育李老师叩叩：八九三.二四一.二二六）。

二、北京师范大学政府管理学院历年考博复试分数线（育明考博辅导中心)年份复试成绩要求2014年外语45分专业一60分专业二60分2015年外语45分专业一60分专业二60分育明考博辅导中心李老师解析：1、政府管理学院共有10个专业，各专业之间报录比差别还是比较大的，2、根据最新的信息，学院将会逐步增加硕博连读的名额，减少在职定向读博的名额。

2015年北京师范大学政府管理学院考研真题,复习经验,考研重点,考研参考书

1/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年北京师范大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

北京师范大学2014年硕士生招生专业目录及参考书目单位代码：10027地址：北京师范大学主楼A 区5层邮政编码：100875联系部门：政府管理学院电话：58808256联系人：鲍慧杰专业代码、名称及研究方向招生人数考试科目备注006政府管理学院接收推免生比例或人数：24人左右030201政治学理论6接收推免生比例或人数：3人左右01政治学理论与①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄2/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2方法语或203日语③750政治学原理④924国际关系基础（含国际关系理论、国际关系史和中国外交）02中国政府与政治同上03比较政府与政治同上04政党政治同上05区域政治与全球治理同上030207国际关系7接收推免生比例或人数：3人左右01亚太区域研究①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄3/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 3语或203日语③750政治学原理④924国际关系基础（含国际关系理论、国际关系史和中国外交）02中国国际战略与周边关系研究同上03国际制度与国际组织研究同上04欧亚区域研究同上05全球化与全球治理研究同上4/10【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 4考研时想要取得好成绩，总要寻找各种各样的成功秘诀，但是你是否曾留意，很多考生在毫不觉察的情况下，就已经沉溺于误区，甚至因此付出了惨痛的代价。

接下来为大家详细分析这些误区，考生若能避免则考研成功率会大大提升。

2015北京师范大学考博真题最核心基础阶段词汇

2015北京师范大学考博真题最核心基础阶段词汇一常考词语的固定搭配(一)名词的固定搭配介词+名词形式第一组by accident 偶然 on account of 因为，由于in addition 另外 in addition to 除……之外(包括)in the air 在流行中，在传播中on (the/an) average 平均，一般来说on the basis of 根据，在……的基础上at (the) best 充其量，至多for the better 好转，改善on board 在船(车、飞机)上out of breath 喘不过气来on business 因公，因事in any case 无论如何，总之in case of 假使，万一in case 假如，以防(万一)，免得in no case 决不第二组by chance 偶然，碰巧in charge (of) 负责，主管(a) round the clock 昼夜不停地in common 共用，共有，共同in conclusion 最后，总之on condition that 在……条件下in confidence 信任in connection with/to关于in consequence 因此，结果in consequence of 由于……的缘故on the contrary 反之，正相反in contrast with/to 与……成对照out of control 失去控制under control 被控制住at all costs 不惜任何代价at the cost of 以……为代价第三组in the course of 在……过程中，在……期间of course 当然，自然，无疑in danger 在危险中，垂危out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过期(时)的up to date 时新的in debt 欠债in detail 详细地in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 在远处off duty 下班on duty 值班，上班on earth 究竟，到底at all events 无论如何in any event 无论如何in effect 有效；实际上第四组in the event of 万一，如果发生for example 例如with the exception of除……之外in the face of 面对，不顾，即使in fact 其实，实际上on fire 烧着on foot 步行in force 有效；实施中in favo(u)r of 有利于，赞成，支持in front of 在……面前in (the) future 今后，将来on guard 警惕，防范in general 通常，大体上in half 成两半at hand 在手边，在附近from tip to toe 彻头彻尾，完全by hand 用手hand down to 往下传，传给(后代)第五组hand in hand 手拉手，携手in hand 在掌握中，在控制中on hand 在手边，临近on (the) one hand... 一方面……，on the other hand...另一方面……at heart 在内心；实质上by heart 牢记，凭记忆at home 在家，在国内；自在，自如in honor of 以纪念，向……表示敬意on one’s honor 以名誉担保in a hurry 匆忙地，立即for instance 例如，举例说at intervals 不时，时时at last 最终，终于at least 至少，最低限度in the least 一点，丝毫第六组at length 终于，最后；详细地in the light of 按照，根据in line 成一直线，排成一行in line with 与……一致，按照at a loss 困惑，不知所措by all means 无论如何，必定by means of 借助于，用by no means 决不in memory of 纪念at the mercy of 在……支配下by mistake 错误地at the moment 现在，此刻for a moment 片刻，一会儿for the moment 现在，暂时in a moment 立刻，马上第七组in nature 本质上on occasion 有时，不时in order 秩序井然，整齐in order to 以便，为了in order that 以便out of order 发生故障，失调on one’s own 独自地，独立地in particular 特别地，尤其，详细地in the past 在过去，以往in person 亲自in place 在适当的位置in place of 代替in the first place 起初，首先in the last place 最后out of place 不得其所的，不适当的on the point 即将……的时候第八组to the point 切中要害，切题in practice 在实际中，实际上out of practice 久不练习，荒疏at present 目前，现在for the present 目前，暂时in proportion to (与……)成比例的in public 公开地，当众for (the) purpose of为了on purpose 故意，有意with the purpose of 为了in question 正在考虑at random 随意地，任意地at any rate 无论如何，至少by reason of 由于as regards 关于，至于with/in regard to 对于，就……而论第九组in/with relation to 关系到with respect to 关于as a result 结果，因此as a result of 由于……的结果in return 作为报答，作为回报on the road 在旅途中as a rule 规章，规则；通常，照例in the long run 最终，从长远观点看for the sake of 为了……起见on sale 出售；贱卖on a large scale 大规模地on a small scale 小规模地in secret 秘密地，私下地in a sense 从某种意义上说in shape 处于良好状态on the side 作为兼职，额外第十组at first sight 乍一看，初看起来in sight 被看到，在望out of sight 看不见，在视野之外in spite of 不管，不顾；尽管，虽然on the spot 当场，在现场in step 同步，合拍out of step 步调不一致，不协调in stock 现有，备有in sum 总而言之in tears 流着泪，含泪，哭in terms of 依据，按照；用……措词for one thing 首先，一则on the second thoughts 经重新考虑，一转念at a time 每次，一次at no time 从不，决不at one time 同时，曾经，从前曾第十一组at the same time 但是，然而，同时at times 有时for the time being 目前，暂时from time to time 有时，不时in no time 立即，马上in time 及时，适时地on time 准时on top of 在……之上out of touch 失去联系in truth 事实上，实际上，的确on try 试穿by turns 轮流，交替地in turn 依次，轮流in vain 徒劳，无效a variety of 种种，各种by virtue of 由于第十二组by the way 顺便提一下，另外by way of 经由，通过……方式in a way 在某点，在某种程度上in no way 决不in the way of 妨碍in one’s/the way 妨碍，阻碍after a while 过了一会，不久for a while 暂时，一时on the whole 总的来说in a word 总而言之in other words 换句话说，也就是说at work 在工作，忙于out of work 失业in the world 到底，究竟动词+名词形式第十三组have/gain access to 可以获得take...into account 考虑gain/have an advantage over胜过，优于pay the way for 为……铺平道路take advantage of 利用，趁……之机pay attention to 注意do/try one’s best 尽力，努力get the best of 胜过make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理get the better of 打败，致胜catch one’s breath 屏息，歇口气take care 小心，当心take care of 照顾，照料take a chance 冒险一试take charge of 担任，负责keep company with 与……交往take delight in 以……为乐with delight 欣然，乐意地第十四组make a/the difference 有影响，很重要carry/bring into effect 使生效，使起作用put into effect 实行，生效come/go into effect 生效，实施take effect 生效，起作用catch one’s eye 引人注目keep an eye on 留意，照看make faces 做鬼脸find fault 埋怨，挑剔catch fire 着火come/go into force 生效，实施make friends 交朋友，友好相处be friends with 对……友好，与……交上朋友make fun of 取笑，嘲弄keep one’s head 保持镇静lose one’s head 不知所措第十五组lose heart 丧失勇气，失去信心get/learn by heart 记住，背诵get hold of 抓住，掌握keep house 管理家务，做家务throw/cast light on 使明白，阐明bear/keep in mind 记住have in mind 记住，考虑到，想到make up one’s mind 下决心come/go into operation 使投入生产，使运转put in order 整理，检修keep/hold pace with 跟上，与……同步play a part 起作用take place 发生，进行take the place of 代替come to the point 说到要点，扼要地说bring/carry into practice 实施，实行第十六组make progress 进步，进展give rise to 引起，使发生make sense 讲得通，有意义catch the sight of 发现，突然看见(go) on the stage 当演员take one’s time 不急不忙，从容进行keep in touch 保持联系keep track 通晓事态，注意动向lose track 失去联系make use of 利用put to use 使用，利用give way 让路，让步lead the way 带路，引路make one’s way 前进，进行make way 让路，开路keep one’s word 遵守诺言第十七组act on 作用appeal to 呼吁，要求attempt at 企图，努力attitude to/towards 态度，看法a great/good deal of 大量(的)，许多(的) influence on 影响interference in 干涉interference with 妨碍，打扰第十八组introduce to 介绍a lot (of) 许多(的)，大量(的)lots of 大量，很多fall in love with 相爱，爱上a matter of (关于……)的问题a number of 若干，许多reply to 回答，答复a series of 一系列，一连串其他固定搭配第十九组trolley bus 无轨电车I.D. card 身份证credit card 信用卡no doubt 无疑，必定next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外face to face 面对面地as a matter of fact 实际情况，真相a few 有些，几个quite a few 还不少，有相当数目的a little 一点，稍微，一些，少许little by little 逐渐地quite a little 相当多，不少no matter 无论the moment (that) 一……就no more 不再第二十组fair play 公平竞赛；公平对待in demand 有需要，销路好rest room 厕所，盥洗室primary school 小学side by side 肩并肩，一个挨一个heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步ahead of time 提前all the time 一直，始终once upon a time 从前once in a while 偶尔，有时no wonder 难怪，怪不得word for word 逐字地decline with thanks 婉言谢绝(二)动词的固定搭配动词+介词形式第二十一组account for 说明(原因等)aim at 瞄准，针对allow for 考虑到appeal to 呼吁，要求arrive at 达成，得出ask after 询问，问候ask for 请求，要求attach to 附属于，隶属于begin with 从开始break into 闯入break off 断绝，结束break through 突破break up 中止，结束；打碎，折断bring about 带来，造成bring down 打倒，挫伤；降低bring forth 产生，提上第二十二组bring forward 提出bring out 使出现；公布；出版bring up 教育，培养，使成长build up 积累；堵塞；树立，逐步建立；增进；锻炼call for 邀请；要求；需求call forth 唤起，引起；振作起，鼓起call off 放弃，取消catch at 抓住(东西)call on/upon 访问，拜访；号召，呼吁call up 召集，动员；打电话care for 照管，关心；喜欢，意欲carry off 夺去carry on 继续下去；从事，经营carry out 贯彻，执行；实现come to 总计，达到；苏醒，复原count on 依靠；期待，指望count up 把……相加第二十三组cover up 掩饰，掩盖cut across 走捷径，抄近路deal with 处理，对付，安排do without 没有……也行fill in/out 填充，填写get at 得到，接近；意思是get into 进入，陷入go after 追求go into 进入；研究，调查go for 竭力想取得；喜爱；支持，拥护go through 经历，经受；详细检查go with 伴随，与……协调go without 没有……也行improve on 改进keep to 保持，坚持lie in 在于live up to 不辜负第二十四组live on/by 靠……生活，以……为食live through 度过，经受过look after 照管，照料look at 看望，注视look for 寻找，寻求look into 调查，观察，过问；窥视look over 检查，查看，调查look through 仔细查看，浏览，温习make for 走向，驶向；有助于occur to 被想到，被想起play with 以……为消遣，玩弄refer to 参考，查阅，涉及，提到run for 竞选run into 撞上，偶然碰见see to 注意，负责，照料，修理send for 派人去请，召唤；索取第二十五组send in 呈报，递交，送来serve as 作为，用作set aside 挑出，拨出，留出；拒绝sit for 参加stand by 支持，帮助；袖手旁观stand for 代替，代表，意味着stand against 反抗，抵抗stick to 坚持，忠于，信守take after 与……相像take for 把……认为是，把……看成是take in 接受，吸收；了解，理解take to 喜欢，亲近touch on 关系到，涉及turn into 变成turn to 变成；求助于，借助于turn off 关上；出产；解雇动词+副词形式第二十六组break down 损坏，分解，瓦解break in 闯入；打断，插嘴break out 逃出；突然发生，爆发bring to 使恢复知觉burn out 烧掉burn up 烧起来，旺起来；烧完catch on 理解，明白check in 办理登记手续check out 结账后离开；检验，核查check up (on) 校对，检查，检验cheer up 使高兴，使振奋clear away 扫除，收拾clear up 收拾；澄清；放晴make it clear that 弄清楚come off 实现，成功，奏效come on 请，来吧，快点；开始，出场，上演come out 出版；出现，显露；结果是第二十七组come round (around) 来访，前来；苏醒，复原come through 经历，脱险come up 走近，上来；发生，被提出cross out 删去，取消cut back 削减，减少cut down 削减，降低cut in (汽车)抢道；插嘴，打断cut off 切断；删去；停止cut out 删除cut short 突然停止die down 渐渐消失，平息die out 消失，灭绝draw in (火车、汽车)到站draw up 写上，画上；草拟；停住dress up 穿上盛装，打扮得很漂亮drop by/in 顺便来访dry out 干透，使干dry up 干涸，枯竭第二十八组drop off 减弱，减少drop out 退出，离队fall behind 落后fall out 争吵；结果是fall through 落空，失败feed in 输入find out 查明get across 解释清楚，使人了解get around/round 走动，旅行；(消息)传开get away 逃脱，离开get by 通过，经过get down 从……下来；写下get in 进入；收获，收集get off 从……下来；离开，动身，开始get over 克服；(从病中)恢复过来get through 结束，完成；接通电话have got to (do) 不得不，必须第二十九组get together 集合，聚集get up 起床；增加，增强give away 泄露；分送give back 送还，恢复give in 交上；投降，屈服give off 放出，释放give out 分发，放出give up 停止，放弃go ahead 开始，前进；领先go by 过去go down 下降，降低；被载入，传下去go off 爆炸，发射；动身，离开go out 外出；熄灭go over 检查，审查；复习，重温go round/around 足够分配go under 下沉，沉没；失败；破产go through 通过，审查，完成第三十组go up 上升，增加；建起hand down 流传下来，传给，往下传hand in 交上，递交hand on 传下来，依次传递hand out 分发，散发，发给hand over 交出，移交，让与hang about 闲荡，徘徊，逗留hang back 犹豫，踌躇，畏缩hang on 抓紧不放；继续下去hang up 挂断(电话)have back 要回，收回have on 穿着，戴着hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制hold on 继续，握住不放hold out 维持，支持；坚持，不屈服hold up 举起，阻挡，使停止；抢劫第三十一组hurry up (使)赶快，迅速完成keep back 阻止，阻挡；隐瞒，保留keep down 控制，压制，镇压；压低keep off 不接近，避开keep up 保持，维持；继续，坚持let down 放下，降低；使失望let in 让……进入，放……进来let off 放(烟，烟火)，开(枪)let out 放掉，放出，发出line up 排队，使排成一行look back 回顾，回头看look out 留神，注意，提防，警惕look on 旁观，观看；看待，视作look up 查阅，查考；寻找(某人)look in 顺便看望make out 辨认，区分；理解，了解make out of 用……做，从……得出第三十二组make up 构成，拼凑；弥补，赔偿；化装mix up 混淆，混合，搞糊涂pass away 去世，逝世pass off 中止，停止pass to 转到，讨论，传到pass out 失去知觉，昏倒pay back 偿还，回报pay off 还清(债)pay down 即时交付，用现金支付pay up 全部付清第三十三组pick out 选出，挑出，拣出；辨认，辨别出pick up 拾起，(偶然)得到；(车船)中途搭(人)，学会pull down 拆毁，拉倒；拉下，降低pull in (车)停下，进站，船(到岸)pull off 脱(帽、衣)pull on 穿，戴pull out 拔出，抽出；(车、船)驶出pull together 齐心协力pull up (使)停下put across 解释清楚，说明put aside 储存，保留put away 放好，收好；储存put down 记下，放下；镇压，平定put forward 提出put in 驶进put on 穿上，戴上；上演；增加(体重)put out 熄灭，关(灯)；出版，发布；生产put right 改正(错误)，整理第三十四组put up 提起，举起，提(价)；为……提供食宿，投宿ring off 挂断电话rub out 擦掉，拭去run down 撞倒，撞沉；追捕，追查run off 复印，打印run over 略读，略述；辗过，浏览，匆匆复习see off 给……送行see through 看穿，识破；干完，干到底set back 推迟，延缓，阻碍set down 卸下，放下，记下，记入set forth 阐明，陈述set off 出发，动身；引起，使发生set out 陈列，显示；动身，启程；制定set up 创立，建立，树立；资助，扶持show in 领入show off 炫耀，卖弄第三十五组show up 使呈现，使醒目shut out 排除sit in 列席，旁听sit up 迟睡，熬夜speed up 使加速stand out 突出，显眼stand up 站起来，耐用step up 提高，加快，加紧step in 插入，介入stick out 伸出，突出；坚持到底，继续take away 消除；消耗take down 记下，写下take off 拿走，脱下；起飞take on 呈现；接纳，承担，从事take over 接管，接办take up 占据；开始；拿起，接收take up with 和……交往，忍受，采用第三十六组think over 仔细考虑throw away 扔掉，抛弃touch up 润色，改进turn down 拧小，调低；拒绝turn in 交出，上缴；转身进入turn off 关掉，断开；拐弯，叉开turn on 接通，打开turn out 制造，生产；结果是turn over 翻过来；移交，转交turn up 开大；出现；来到；发生use up 用完，花完warm up 变热wear off 逐渐消失wear out 用破；耗尽，使精疲力竭while away 消磨(时间)wipe out 擦去，抹去；消灭，毁灭work out 解决，算出；弄懂，制定出work up 引起，激起；逐渐上升work on 从事于，努力做write off 报废，勾销，注销后接动名词的固定搭配第三十七组aim at 目的在于，旨在；瞄准accuse...of... 控告；谴责depend on 取决于devote to 奉献，致力engage in 从事于，忙着；订婚feel like 欲，想要go on 继续；发生cannot/couldn’t help禁不住；不得不insist on 坚持keep from 使……不(做)keep on 继续不断，保持look forward to 盼望，期待persist in 坚持，持续prevent from 预防，防止put off 推迟，推延set about 开始，着手succeed in 成功thank for 感谢think of 想起，想到；想一想其他固定搭配第三十八组add up to 合计，总计make believe 假装break away (from) 脱离，逃跑catch up with 追上，赶上come true 实现，达到come up to 达到，符合come up with 提出，提供concern with 关心，挂念；从事于do away with 废除，去掉have something to do with 和……有点关系have nothing to do with 和……毫无关系fall back on 求助于，转而依靠fall in with 符合，与……一致be fed up with 感到厌烦as follows 如下get along/on with 有进展，有进步；生活得get through 到达，完成，及格get somewhere 有些结果第三十九组get down to 开始，着手get out of 逃避，改掉get the better of 占上风，胜过have got 有give oneself away 泄露，露马脚give oneself up 自首，投降，投案give way to 给……让路，被……代替go along with 陪同前往，随行go back on 违背go in for 从事，致力于，追求go before 居前hang on to 紧握住，坚持下去have to/have got to 不得不，必须have to do with 与……有关help oneself 自取所需(食物)hold on to 紧紧抓住，坚持keep out of 躲开，置身……之外第四十组keep up with 向……看齐，跟上……lend itself to 适用于，对……有用let alone 不干涉；更不用说let loose 放开，放松，释放let go 放开，松手live up to 做到，不负look down on 看不起，轻视look up to 尊敬，敬仰be made up of 由……构成，由……组成make up for 补偿，弥补never mind 不要紧，没关系put in for 申请put up with 容忍，忍受refer to...as 把……称作，把……当做run out of 用完，用尽，耗尽serve right 活该，给应得的待遇第四十一组set in 来临，流行set out to 打算，着手stand up for 为……辩护；维护stand up to 面对，坚决抵抗；经得起come to stay 木已成舟stay by 守在一边take...as 把……作为think of...as 把……看做是，以为……是think better of 改变主意，重新考虑throw about 乱丢(东西)，乱花(钱) throw down 推倒throw (a) light on 照亮，阐明(三)形容词的固定搭配第四十二组be able to (do) 能(做)，会(做)be about to (do) 即将，正要be absent from 缺勤，缺课be abundant in 富于，富有be accustomed to 习惯于be acquainted with 与……相识，熟悉be active in 积极于be afraid of 恐怕，害怕，担忧be alive to 发觉，感觉，对……敏感be angry at 因某事生气be angry with 对……发怒be anxious about 担心，为……担忧be anxious for 急切盼望，渴望be anxious to (do) 渴望(做)be ashamed of 为……感到害臊be aware of 意识到第四十三组be bad at 拙于，不善于be badly off 生活穷困be based on 根据，以……为基础be bent on 热恋于，一心想be beside oneself 忘乎所以be better off 处境较好，情况好转be born in 出生于……be born of 出生于……(家庭)be bound to (do) 一定会，不得不be buried in 沉思，陷入，专心于be burned out 住所被烧光be busy (doing) 忙着(做某事)be busy with 忙于……be busy about 忙于……be careful of 爱惜，注意be careful to (do) 务必注意(做)第四十四组be certain to (do) 一定(做)，必然(做)be capable of 能够be confident in 对……有信心be characterized by 以……为特征be clever at 擅长于be combined with 与……结合be composed of 由……组成be concerned about 关心，挂念be connected with 与……有关be coupled with 与……配合be covered with 被……覆盖be crowded with 挤满，拥塞be curious to (do) 很想(做)be dependent on/upon 取决于，依赖be derived from 由……得到be determined to (do) 决心(做)第四十五组be different from 与……不同be divided by 被……除以be divided into 被分成be eager for 渴望be eager to (do) 急于要(做)be engaged in 忙于，从事于be equal to 等于be famous for 以……著名be fed up 因多而厌烦be filled with 充满be fit for 适合，胜任be fond of 喜欢，爱好be free from 没有……的，不受……影响的be friendly to 对……友好be frightened at 受……惊吓be glad to (do) 乐于(做)，对……感到高兴第四十六组be good at (doing) 善于，擅长be good for 适于，在……期间有效be grateful to 感谢，感激be identified as 被认为是be independent of 脱离……而独立，与……无关be indispensable for 对……必不可少的be interested in 对……感兴趣be involved in 包括……中，被卷入be involved with 涉及be kind enough to (do) 承……好意，恳请be known as 被称作……，以……著称be known to 为……所熟知be late for 迟到be likely to (do) 可能要，像是要be mad about 迷恋be made from 由……制成(化学变化)第四十七组be made of 由……制成(物理变化)be made up of 由……组成be mixed up 混杂，混在一起be obliged to (do) 被迫(做某事)be obliged to...for...因……而感激be well off 生活富裕be pleased to (do) 乐于be pleased with 对……感到满意be popular with 得人心的，受……欢迎的be possessed of 具有，拥有be prepared for 做……打算；对……做好准备be present at 出席be proud of 以……自豪，因……感到满意be provided with 装备有be ready to (do) 装备好(做)；乐意(做)be ready for 为……准备好第四十八组be regarded as 被认为是，被当做是be rich in 富于be rid of 除去，摆脱get rid of 摆脱，除掉be satisfied with 对……满意，满足于be second to 次于be short for 是……的缩写(简称)be short of 短缺be sick for 渴望be sick in bed 病在床上be sick of 对……感到厌倦be sorry for 对……感到抱歉be strict with 对……要求严格be suited to 适合于be supposed to (do) 应该，非……不可be sure of 坚信，确信第四十九组be sure to (do) 一定，必定be surprised at 对……感到惊奇be taken aback 吃惊be taken by surprise 被突袭be terrified at 被……吓一跳be lost in thought 沉思be through with 结束be tired from 因……而疲乏be tired of 厌烦；对……厌倦be tired out 疲倦极了be torn open 被撕开be true of 适用于be unconscious of 不知道……be unequal to 无法胜任……的be unfit for 不适合，不胜任be united as one 团结一致第五十组be used as 被……用作be used to 习惯于get used to 习惯于be useful to 对……有用be well up in 精通，熟悉be wild with joy 欣喜若狂be willing to (do) 乐意……be worried about 为……而担心be worse off 处境较坏，情况恶化be worth (doing) 值得(做)be wrong with 有点毛病，有些不舒服(四)其他重要的固定搭配第五十一组above all 首先，毕竟after all 终于，毕竟；虽然这样at all 完全，根本all but 几乎，差一点all over 遍及，到处in all 总共，总计not at all 一点也不all out 全力以赴，竭尽全力leave alone 听其自然，更不用说along with 与……一起one after another 一个接一个one another 互相anything but 除……以外任何事(物)，根本不as...as 像……一样as for 至于，就……方面说as if 好像，仿佛第五十二组as though 好像，仿佛as to 至于，关于as well 也，又as well as (除……之外)也，既……又not as/so...as 不如……那样back and forth 往返，来来往往地back of 在……后部，在……背部because of 由于，因为had better 最好还是，应该both...and 既……又……，两个都but for 除……以外，倘没有，除非each other 互相either...or 或……或，不是……就是；无论……还是or else 否则，要不然even if/though 即使，虽然even then 即使那样，连，都第五十三组except for 除……之外as/so far as 远至，到……程度by far ……得多，最far from 远非，远离so far 迄今为止first of all 首先，第一if only 要是……就好了in itself 本身at last 最终，终于at least 至少，最低程度no less than 决不少于，不亚(次)于a little 一点；一些，少许little by little 逐渐地quite a little 相当多，不少as/so long as 只要，如果第五十四组no longer 不再，已不a great/good many of 许多，大量many a 许多的more and more 越来越more or less 或多或少no more than 不过，仅仅；和……一样不at (the) most 最多，至少，不超过make the most of 充分利用neither...nor 既不……也不every now and then 有时，时时，偶尔just now 刚才，一会儿以前now and then 时而，不时now that 既然，由于off and on 断断续续，不时地and so on 等等第五十五组all at once 突然；同时，一起at once 立刻，马上once (and) for all 一劳永逸，限此一次once more 再一次，又一次by oneself 独自地，单独地every other 每隔一个地other than 不同于over and over (again) 一再，再三all right 好，行all round 周围，处处ever since 从那时起，自那时以来and so on/forth 等等ever so 非常，极其or so 大约，左右so...as to 结果是；如此……以至于第五十六组so that 以便，为的是；结果是so...that 如此……以至于such as 像……那样的；诸如，例如such...that 那样的……以致that is (=i. e.) 就是说，即up to 起来，从事于，忙于；直至what about (对于)……怎么样what if 如果……将会怎样，即使……又有什么要紧whether...or 是……还是，不管……还是go wrong 发生故障，出毛病and yet 可是，然而as yet 到目前(那时)为止abide by 坚持；遵守accustom to 使习惯adapt to (使)适应，适合；改编第五十七组adhere to 粘附，胶着；坚持apologize (ise) to,for 道歉，认错cling to 粘住；依附；坚持collide with 抵触compensate for 补偿，赔偿comply with 照做，遵照，应允conceive of 设想，构思；以为conform to 遵守，依照，符合，顺应consult with 商量，商议cooperate with 合作，协作，相配合cope with 竞争，对抗；对付，应付；妥善处理deduce from 演绎，推断derive from 导出，由……来deviate from 背离，偏离dispose of 处理，处置dispose for 布置，安排第五十八组dwell on 凝思；详述hinder from 阻止，妨碍impose on 把……强加给intervene in 干涉，干预；插入originate in/from 起源，发生；首创，创造participate in 参与，参加；分享preside at/over 主持prevail over/against 取胜，占优势；流行，盛行reconcile to/with 使一致reign over 统治；盛行restrain from 抑制，制止sacrifice for/to 牺牲，献出，献祭scrape through 擦过，勉强通过specialize in 专攻，专门研究，专业化第五十九组testify to 说明，证实flare up 突然燃烧起来；突然发怒queue up 排队，排队等待acquaint sb. With 使认识，使了解correspondence with通信congratulations on 祝贺dependence on 依靠；依赖；信赖dissatisfaction with/at 不满，不平exposure to 受到longing for 渴望objection to 反对，异议preference for to 偏爱，喜爱；优惠；优先选择proficiency in 熟练，精通requirement for 需要，需要的东西，要求thirst for 渴望，热望by comparison 比较起来第六十组in sequence 依次，逐一at stake 在危险中，利害攸关in accordance with 与……一致on behalf of 代表……，为了……accustomed to 习惯于on the sly 偷偷地，冷不防地in excess of 超过to and fro 来来回回on schedule 按预定时间on sight 一见就……，立即(五)超纲的其他固定搭配除了《考试大纲》规定考生要掌握的固定搭配之外。

2014年北京师范大学政府管理学院考博试题,真题解析

考博详解与指导北京师范大学2015年博士生招生专业目录单位代码：10027地址：北京师范大学主楼A区5层邮政编码：100875联系部门：政府管理学院电话：58808256联系人：鲍慧杰专业代码、名称及研究方向招生导师招生人数考试科目备注006政府管理学院141、招生人数少于导师数，实际录取名单由院学位分会讨论决定。

2、录取为定向的学生学习年限不少于4年。

120401行政管理01全球化与政府效率研究唐任伍①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语②2205公共管理的理论与实践③3308公共经济学02政府规制企业成长魏成龙同上03政府管理创新研究杨冠琼同上04公共管理创新与社会管理体系转型升级汪大海同上05新型城镇化与制度创新汪大海同上06新公共治理和公共服务孙宇同上07政府管理与公共政策施雪华同上08全球化与全球治理张胜军同上120405土地资源管理01房地产业发董藩①1101英语或1102俄语或1103展与城市建设日语②2205公共管理的理论与实践③3308公共经济学1204J1人力资源管理01战略性新兴产业与人才战略王建民①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语②2205公共管理的理论与实践③3308公共经济学02人员评价与职业开发于海波同上03战略性新兴产业与政府战略王建民同上1204Z1政府经济管理01全球化与宏观经济政策研究唐任伍①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语②2205公共管理的理论与实践③3308公共经济学02政府宏观调控与社会服务蒋正华同上03政府规制与开放型经济章文光同上04公共财政与城市发展王华春同上第一部分、传统面试问题（Sample Traditional Interview Questions）1、What can you tell me about yourself?（关于你自己，你能告诉我些什么？）这一问题如果面试没有安排自我介绍的时间的话。

这是一个必问的问题。

2015年北京师范大学考博英语真题

2015年北京师范大学考博英语真题(总分68, 做题时间90分钟)1. Reading ComprehensionThe human ear contains the organ for hearing and the organ for balance. Both organs involve fluid-filled channels containing hair cells that produce electrochemical impulses when the hairs are stimulated by moving fluid. The ear can be divided into three regions: outer, middle, and inner. The outer ear collects sound waves and directs them to the eardrum separating the outer ear from the middle ear. The middle ear conducts sound vibrations through three small bones to the inner ear. The inner ear is a network of channels containing fluid that moves in response to sound or movement. To perform the function of hearing, the ear converts the energy of pressure waves moving through the air into nerve impulses that me brain perceives as sound. Vibrating objects, such as the vocal cords of a speaking person, create waves in me surrounding air. These waves cause the eardrum to vibrate with the same frequency. The three bones of the middle ear amplify and transmit the vibrations to the oval window, a membrane on the surface of the cochlea, the organ of hearing. Vibrations of me oval window produce pressure waves in the fluid inside me cochlea. Hair cells in the cochlea convert the energy of the vibrating fluid into impulses that travel along the auditory nerve to the brain. The organ for balance is also located in the inner ear. Sensations related to body position are generated much like sensations of sound. Hair cells in the inner ear respond to changes in head position with respect to gravity and movement. Gravity is always pulling down on the hairs, sending a constant series of impulses to the brain. When the position of the head changes—as when the head bends forward—the force on the hair cells changes its output of nerve impulses. The brain then interprets these changes to determine the head's new position.1.What can be inferred about the organs for hearing and balance?A Both organs evolved in humans at the same time.B Both organs send nerve impulses to the brain.C Both organs contain the same amount of fluid.D Both organs are located in me ear's middle region.2.Hearing involves all of the following EXCEPT______.A motion of the vocal cords so that they vibrateB stimulation of hair cells in fluid-filled channelsC amplification of sound vibrationsD conversion of wave energy into nerve impulses3.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the cochlea is a part of______.A the outer earB me eardrumC the middle earD the inner ear4.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 about gravity?A Gravity has an essential role in the sense of balance.B The ear converts gravity into sound waves in the air.C Gravity is a force that originates in the human ear.D The organ for hearing is not subject to gravity.5.In this passage, the author mainly explains______.A the organs of the human earB the function of the hearingC the three regions of the earD how the ear organ performs the hearing and balanceThe geology of the Earth's surface is dominated by the particular properties of water. Present on Earth in solid, liquid, and gaseous states, water is exceptionally reactive. It dissolves, transports, and precipitates many chemical compounds andis constantly modifying the face of the Earth. Evaporated from the oceans, water vapor forms clouds, some of which are transported by wind over the continents. Condensation from the clouds provides the essential agent of continental erosion: rain. Precipitated onto the ground, the water trickles down to form brooks, streams, and rivers, constituting what is called the hydrographic network. This immense polarized network channels the water toward a single receptacle: an ocean. Gravity dominates this entire step in the cycle because water tends to minimize its potential energy by running from high altitudes toward the reference point that is sea level. The rate at which a molecule of water passes through the cycle is not random butis a measure of the relative size of the various reservoirs. If we define residence time as the average time for a water molecule to pass through one of the three reservoirs—atmosphere, continent, and ocean—we see that the times are very different. A water molecule stays, on an average, eleven days in the atmosphere, one hundred years on a continent and forty thousand years in the ocean. This last figure shows the importance of the ocean as the principal reservoir of the hydrosphere but also the rapidity of water transport on the continents. A vast chemical separation process takes places during the flow of water over the continents. Soluble ions such as calcium, sodium, potassium, and some magnesium are dissolved and transported. Insoluble ions such as aluminum, iron, and silicon stay where they are and form the thin, fertile skin of soil on which vegetation can grow. Sometimessoils are destroyed and transported mechanically during flooding. The erosion of the continents thus results from two closely linked and interdependent processes, chemical erosion and mechanical erosion. Their respective interactions and efficiency depend on different factors.6.According to the passage, clouds are primarily formed by water______.A precipitating onto the groundB changing from a solid to a liquid stateC evaporating from the oceansD being carried by wind7.The passage suggests that the purpose of the "hydrographic network" is to______.A determine the size of molecules of waterB prevent soil erosion caused by floodingC move water from the Earth's surface to the oceansD regulate the rate of water flow from streams and rivers8.What determines the rate at which a molecule of water moves through the cycle, as discussed in the third paragraph?A The potential energy contained in water.B The effects of atmospheric pressure on chemical compounds.C The amounts of rainfall that fall on the continents.D The relative size of the water storage areas.9.All of the following are examples of soluble ions EXCEPT______.A magnesiumB ironC potassiumD calcium10.The word "efficiency" in line 21 is closest in meaning to______.A relationshipB growthC influenceD effectivenessScientists have long understood that supermassive black holes weighing millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black hotels gravity pulls harder on the nearest part of the star, an imbalance that pulls the star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough. Scientists say this uneven pulling is not the only hazard facing the star. The strain of these unbalanced forces can also trigger a nuclear explosion powerful enough to destroy the star from within. Matthieu Brassart and Jean-Pierre Luminet of the Observatoire de Paris in Meudon, France, carried out computer simulations of the final moments of such anunfortunate star's life, as it veered towards a supermassive black hole. When the star gets close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape. Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would be complicated by shock waves generated during the flattening process and that no nuclear explosion should occur. The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and found that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. " There will be an explosion of the star — it will be completely destroyed," Brassart says. Although the explosion obliterates the star, it saves some of the star's matter from being devoured by the black hole. The explosion is powerful enough to hurl much of the star's matter out of the black hole's reach, he says. The devouring of stars by black holes may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought mat several months after the event that rips the star apart, its matter starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays. If stars disrupted near black holes really do explode, then they could in principle allow these events to be detected at a much earlier stage, says Jules Hatpern of Columbia University in New York, US2. "It may make it possible to see the disruption of that star immediately if it gets hot enough," he says. Brassart agrees. "Perhaps it can be observed in the X-rays and gamma rays, but it's something that needs to be more studied," he says. Supernova researcher Chris Fryer of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, US3, says the deaths of these stars are difficult to simulate, and he is not sure whether the researchers have proven their case that they explode in the process.11.Something destructive could happen to a star that gets too close to a black hole. Which of the following destructive statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A The black hole could tear apart the star.B The black hole could trigger a nuclear explosion in the star.C The black hole could dwindle its size considerably.D The black hole could devour the star.12.According to the third paragraph, researchers differed from each other in the problem of ______.A whether nuclear reaction would occurB whether the stars would increase its density and temperatureC whether shock waves would occurD whether the uneven forces would flatten the stars13.According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?A No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside the star.B The star would be destroyed completely.C Much of the star's matter thrown by the explosion would be beyond the black hole's reach.D The black hole would completely devour the star.14.What will happen several months after the explosion of the star?A The star's matter will move further away from by the black hole.B The black hole's matter will heat up.C The torn star's matter will swirl into the black hole.D The black hole's matter will release ultraviolet light and X-rays.15.According to the context, the word "disruption" in Paragraph 6 means______.A confusionB tearing apartC interruptionD flatteningOur culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one's side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell. Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that " Gift" means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm's length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable. Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are making us lose friends, business and respect in the world. Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them. When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. Then attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer —who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters. For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all America is the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor needed funds and goods. But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a moresignificant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.16.It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably______.A stand stillB jump asideC step forwardD draw back17.The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their______.A cultural self-centerednessB casual mannersC indifference towards foreign visitorsD arrogance towards other countries18.In countries other than their own most Americans______.A are isolated by the local peopleB are not well informed due to the language barrierC tend to get along well with the nativesD need interpreters in hotels and restaurants19.According to the author, Americans' cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will______.A affect their image in the new eraB cut themselves off from the outside worldC limit their role in world affairsD weaken the position of the US dollar20.The author's intention in writing this article is to make Americans realizethat______.A it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD it is time to get acquainted with other culturesHistorians have only recently begun to note the increase in demand for luxury goods and services that took place in 18th-century England. McKendrick has explored the Wedgwood firm's remarkable success in marketing luxury pottery; Plumb has written about the proliferation of provincial theaters, musical festivals, and children's toys and books. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: Who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effects of the new demand for luxuries? An answer to the first of these hasbeen difficult to obtain. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufactures and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. We still need to know how large this consumer market was and how far down the social scale the consumer demand for luxury goods penetrated. With regard to this last question, we might note in passing that Thompson, while rightly restoring laboring people to the stage of 18th-century English history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist consumerism in general; for example, laboring people in eighteenth-century England readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries. To answer the question of why consumers became so eager to buy, some historians have pointed to the ability of manufacturers to advertise in a relatively uncensored press. This, however, hardly seems a sufficient answer. McKendrick favors a Veblen model of conspicuous consumption stimulated by competition for status. The "middling sort" bought goods and services because they wanted to follow fashions set by the rich. Again, we may wonder whether this explanation is sufficient. Do not people enjoy buying things as a form of self-gratification? If so, consumerism could be seen as a product of the rise of new concepts of individualism and materialism(a preoccupation with or stress upon material rather than intellectual or spiritual things), but not necessarily of the frenzy for conspicuous competition. Finally, what were the consequences of this consumer demand for luxuries? McKendrick claims that it goes a long way toward explaining the coming of the Industrial Revolution. But does it? What, for example, does the production of high-quality pottery and toys have to do with the development of iron manufacture or textile mills? It is perfectly possible to have the psychology and reality of a consumer society without a heavy industrial sector. That future exploration of these key questions is undoubtedly necessary should not, however, diminish the force of the conclusion of recent studies: the insatiable demand in eighteenth-century England for frivolous as well as useful goods and services foreshadows our own world.21.In the first paragraph, the author mentions McKendrick and Plumb most probably in order to ______.A contrast their views on the subject of luxury consumerism in 18th-century EnglandB indicate the inadequacy of historiographical approaches to 18th-century English historyC give examples of historians who have helped to establish the fact of growing consumerism in 18th-century EnglandD support the contention that key questions about 18th-century consumerism remain to be answered22.Which of the following items, if preserved from 18th-century England, would provide an example of the kind of documents mentioned in lines 3-4, Paragraph 2?A A written agreement between a supplier of raw materials and a supplier of luxury goods.B A diary that mentions luxury goods and services purchased by its author.C A theater ticket stamped with the date and name of a particular play.D A payroll record from a company that produced luxury goods such as pottery.23.According to the text, Thompson attributes to laboring people in 18th-century England which of the following attitudes toward capitalist consumerism?A Enthusiasm.B Curiosity.C Ambivalence.D Hostility.24.In the third paragraph, the author is primarily concerned with______.A contrasting two theses and offering a compromiseB questioning two explanations and proposing a possible alternative to themC paraphrasing the work of two historians and questioning their assumptionsD examining two theories and endorsing one over the other25.According to the text, 18th-century England and the contemporary world of the text readers are______.A dissimilar in the extent to which luxury consumerism could be said to be widespread among the social classesB dissimilar in their definitions of luxury goods and servicesC dissimilar in the extent to which luxury goods could be said to be stimulant of industrial developmentD similar in their strong demand for a variety of goods and servicesPity those who aspire to put the initials PhD after their names. After 16 years of closely supervised education, prospective doctors of philosophy are left more or less alone to write the equivalent of a large book. Most social-science postgraduates have still not completed their theses by the time their grant runs out after three years. They must then get a job and finish in their spare time, which can often take a further three years. By then, most new doctors are sick to death of the narrowly defined subject which has blighted their holidays and ruined their evenings. The Economic and Social Research Council, which gives grants to postgraduate social scientists, wants to get better value for money by cutting short this agony. It would like to see faster completion rates; until recently, only about 25% of PhD candidates were finishing within four years. The ESRC's response has been to stop PhD grants to all institutions where the proportion taking less than four years is below 10% ; in the first year of this policy the national average shot up to 39%. The ESRC feels vindicated in its toughness, and will progressively raise the threshold to 40% in two years. Unless completion rates improve further, this would exclude 55 out of 73 universities and polytechnics — including Oxford University, the London Schoolof Economics and the London Business School. Predictably, howls of protest have come from the universities, who view the blacklisting of whole institutions as arbitrary and negative. They point out that many of the best students go quickly into jobs where they can apply their research skills, but consequently take longer to finis their theses. Polytechnics with as few as two PhD candidates complain that they are penalized by random fluctuations in student performance. The colleges say there is no hard evidence to prove that faster completion rates result from greater efficiency rather than lower standards or less ambitious doctoral topics. The ESRC thinks it might not be a bad thing if PhD students were more modest in their aims. It would prefer to see more systematic teaching of research skills and fewer unrealistic expectations placed on young men and women who are undertaking their first piece of serious research. So in future its grants will be given only where it is convinced that students are being trained as researchers, rather than carrying out purely knowledge-based studies. The ESRC can not dictate the standard of thesis required by external examiners, or force departments to give graduates more teaching time. The most it can do is to try to persuade universities to change their ways. Recalcitrant professors should note that students want more research training and a less elaborate style of thesis, too.26.By time new doctors get a job and try to finish their theses in spare time, ______.A most of them died of some sicknessB their holidays and evenings have been ruined by their jobsC most of them are completely tired of the narrowly defined subjectD most of their grants run out27.Oxford University would be excluded out of those universities that receive PhD grants from ESRC, because the completion rate of its PhD students' theses within four years is lower than ______.A 25%B 40%C 39%D 10%28.All the following statements are the arguments against ESRC's policy EXCEPT______.A all the institutions on the blacklist are arbitrary and negativeB there is no hard evidence to prove that faster completion rates result from greater efficiency rather than lower standards or less ambitious doctoral topicsC many of the best students go quickly into jobs where they can apply their research skills, but consequently take longer to finish their diesesD some polytechnics are penalized by random fluctuations in student performance29.The ESRC would prefer______.A that me students were carrying out purely knowledge-based studies rather than being trained as researchersB to see higher standards of PhD students' theses and more ambitious doctoral topicsC more systematic teaching of research skills to fewer unrealistic expectations placed on inexperienced young PhD studentsD that PhD students were less modest in their aims30.What the ESRC can do is to______.A force departments to give graduates more teaching timeB try to persuade universities to change their waysC dictate me standard of diesis required by external examinersD note mat students want more research training and less elaborate style of thesis2. English-Chinese Translation1.Washington Irving grasped this fact nearly a hundred years ago when he wrote: "The stranger who would form a correct opinion of English character must go forth into the country. He must sojourn in villages and hamlets; he must visit castles, villas, farmhouses, cottages; he must wander through parks and gardens, along hedges and green lanes; he must loiter about country churches, attend wakes and fairs and other rural festivals, and cope with me people in all their conditions and all their habits and humors. "2.The impact of decentralization trends, of course, extends well beyond cities. Sprawling development patterns are destabilizing many of the suburbs that surround America's cities. Older suburbs are experiencing the same challenges as cities: failing schools, persistent crime, and the loss of jobs and businesses to other, further out suburbs. Even suburban areas that are developing rapidly are finding that explosive growth has its drawbacks, especially in the form of overcrowded schools, but also in long commutes and the inability of local governments to pay for new roads, sewers, and other infrastructure.3. Chinese-English Translation1.发展中国家的人们若为移民问题操心，往往是想到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学去创造自己最辉煌的未来。

2015北京师范大学考博英语真题词汇记忆重要性

中国考博辅导首选学校 2015北京师范大学考博英语真题词汇记忆重要性究竟记多少单词才够用？对于这个问题，很多考生都认为，记得越多越好。

其实问题并非那么简单。

英文词汇有几十万，比较常用的也有五、六万。

不用说把几十万英文词汇都记住，就是把比较常用的五、六万英文词汇都记住，中国绝大多数学英语的人，一辈子也办不到。

海天考博辅导专家提醒考生，对于词汇量，要根据自己某一个阶段的英语学习目标，确定这一个阶段必须掌握的基本词汇量，以后再逐步扩大范围。

大家可以参照考博大纲上的要求，现阶段大纲还没有出炉，大家可以先借鉴去年的大纲，因为每年的变动不会太大，所以大家完全可以参考去年的大纲，等到新大纲出来之后再做对比。

正确认识考博英语准备复习考博英语的时候，大家首先要对英语有个正确的认识。

英语是一种能力，要想提高英语考试的成绩，就要提高自己的英语能力，无论是四、六级还是考博英语都是如此。

如果抱着侥幸心理只是为了应付考试，可能只能治标不治本，更不太可能考出好成绩的。

平时学习英语时候的目标要定位于提高英语水平、对错都要弄明白理由。

海天考博辅导专家认为，大家学英语学了这么多年，会看会做阅读却不会说不会写，很大一部分原因就是没有语言环境。

导致学习效果不好，怎么学长进也不大。

让“阅”读变“悦”读阅读的过程不仅仅是捕捉信息，而且还包括分析事实、原因、各个细节及其与作者意图之间的关系。

按照篇章内容和有关系那所做出准确的判断和推理，以便了解作者的态度和观点，挖掘文章的主旨，最终得出正确的结论。

海天考博辅导专家提醒考生，在阅读时不妨尝试熟悉阅读的篇章结构，在阅读时，大家首先要判断文章结构安排、写作目的、面向的阅读对象、文章体裁等是提高阅读速度、快速领会篇章内容的好办法。

同时，了解英语中不同文体的篇章结构的基本特点，对于把握篇章的要点、中心思想和作者的意图以及其他细节都有极大的帮助。

本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

北京师范大学政府管理学院政府管理与公共政策专业考博真题-参考书-分数线-复习资料-育明考博

北京师范大学政府管理学院政府管理与公共政策专业考博指导与分析一、北京师范大学政府管理学院考博资讯北京师范大学政府管理学院的招生人数少于导师数，实际录取名单由院学位分会讨论决定。

录取为定向的学生学习年限不少于4年。

（一）考试科目及各方向导师：1.120401行政管理研究方向01：政府管理与公共政策。

导师是施雪华。

考试的科目：（1）1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语（100%）。

（2）2205公共管理的理论与实践（100%）。

（3）3308公共经济学（100%）。

（二）复试分数线：1.复试原则与分数线：此分数线是各专业的最低复试/录取分数要求。

只适用于报考普通博士生、高校辅导员在职攻读思想政治教育专业博士学位研究生、高校思想政治理论课教师在职攻读马克思主义理论博士学位研究生的考生，不适用于少数民族高层次骨干人才攻读博士学位研究生和对口支援西部地区高等学校定向培养博士学位研究生。

未组织复试的导师，将在此分数线基础上，按照一定比例确定复试名单，并在4月中旬前组织复试，具体复试名单由报考院系通过院系网站或电话告知。

已经复试的导师，将在此分数线基础上，依据录取规则，按顺序录取。

专业代码及名外国语业务课一业务课二总分称120401行政管456060180理120405土地资456060180源管理1204J1人力资456060180源管理1204Z1政府经456060180济管理2.复试方案：复试将对考生科研及实践经验、学术潜力、实践能力、综合素质等进行全面考查。

复试形式为面试，考生需参加两个小组的面试。

实践组（复试一组）：重点考察考生实践经验及实践能力、实践案例分析。

考生进场后，自我陈述3分钟左右，然后回答案例问题，考官提问。

科研组（复试二组）：重点考察考生科研经验及科研能力、研究选题计划、综合素质。

考生进场后，陈述研究选题计划3分钟后，考官提问。

复试满分值为200分，每小组满分各为100分。

每小组及格分为60分，一组或两组成绩不及格者不予录取。

北京师范大学政府管理学院考博参考书-考博分数线-专业课真题

北京师范大学政府管理学院考博参考书-考博分数线-专业课真题一、专业的设置北京师范大学政府管理学院每年招收博士生14人，下设行政管理、土地资源管理、人力资源管理、政府经济管理，共四个专业。

其中行政管理专业下设8个方向，分别是唐任伍的全球化与政府效率研究；魏成龙的政府规制企业成长；杨冠琼的政府管理创新研究；汪大海的公共管理创新与社会管理体系转型升级、新型城镇化与制度创新；孙宇的新公共治理和公共服务；施雪华的政府管理与公共政策；张胜军的全球化与全球治理。

土地资源管理专业下设董藩的房地产业发展与城市建设。

人力资源管理专业下设王建民的战略性新兴产业与人才战略、战略性新兴产业与政府战略；于海波的人员评价与职业开发。

政府经济管理专业下设唐任伍的全球化与宏观经济政策研究；蒋正华的政府宏观调控与社会服务；章文光的政府规制与开放型经济；王华春的公共财政与城市发展。

1、招生人数少于导师数，实际录取名单由院学位分会讨论决定。

2、录取为定向的学生学习年限不少于4年。

二、考试的科目行政管理的考试科目为：①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语②2205公共管理的理论与实践③3308公共经济学土地资源管理的考试科目为：①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语②2205公共管理的理论与实践③3308公共经济学人力资源管理的考试科目为：①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语②2205公共管理的理论与实践③3308公共经济学政府经济管理的考试科目为：①1101英语或1102俄语或1103日语②2205公共管理的理论与实践③3308公共经济学三、导师介绍唐任伍，男，经济学博士。

中共党员。

教授，博士生导师。

国务院特殊津贴获得者。

现为北京师范大学政府管理学院院长、政府管理研究院院长。

魏成龙，男，1964年生，教授，应用经济学博士后。

魏成龙教授主讲了《微观经济学》、《管理经济学》、《投融资管理》、《资本运营》、《投资银行理论与业务创新》和《应用经济学方法论》等课程。

2015北京师范大学考博英语真题词汇词义破解

2015北京师范大学考博英语真题词汇词义破解在英语学习中，我们自然会遇到许多生词。

这时，许多人立即翻阅字典，查找词义。

其实这种做法是不科学的。

它不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度。

事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。

我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。

海天考博提醒考生应重点避免以下两种情况：第一，考生往往会随便猜一个选项，错误率很高。

第二种情况下，考生往往落入命题专家的陷阱，不知不觉地失了分，原因是考生并没有掌握阅读词汇题的基本命题原则。

在阅读部分的词汇题要考的并不是考生认不认识题中所考的单词，否则便是命题失效。

此处要考的是考生阅读中的推断能力，也就是说题中所考单词的词义必定能根据上下文推断出来。

所以考生在遇到阅读中的词汇题时，一定要冷静，去上下文中细找，推断出词义后，可将词义代入原文看是否通畅。

词义题解题方法针对推测生词含义题型，我们可以从两个方面进行分析：1）利用内在逻辑关系。

即根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致义域。

a.根据对比关系猜测词义在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的反义词猜测其词义。

b.根据比较关系猜测词义同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系。

c.根据因果关系猜测词义在句子或段落种，若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。

d.根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义在句子或段落种，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境推断生词词义。

在猜测词义过程中，除了使用上面提到的一些技巧，我们还可以依靠构词方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。

此外利用词缀亦不失为一种有效的手段。

a.根据前缀猜测词义例如：He fell into a ditch and lay there， semiconscious， for a few minutes.根据词根conscious（清醒的，有意识的），结合前缀semi（半，部分的，不完全的），我们便可猜出semiconscious词义“半清醒的，半昏迷的”。