时态的常考点及难点

时态的常考点及难点

常考时态：

1.一般现在时：(与一般现在时连用的时间状语有：often , frequently, at times , usually,

sometimes, always, seldom, twice a week, every day )

表示经常性或习惯性动作、状态、性能，表示主语的特征、能力、性格等，表示客观事物或普遍真理。

eg：He gets up at six every day

eg：He works hard.

eg：The sun rises in the east.

一般现在时表将来：

1）come, go, arrive, leave, fly ,start, begin, end, return, set out, take off等动词常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.

2)在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。

When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.

The more we get together , the happier we will be.

2. 现在进行时（now ,at present ,these days）

1)表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。可译作“越来越…；渐渐”。

The leaves are turning red. It's getting warmer and warmer.

2)与always, constantly, forever, often, all the time等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的很强烈的感情色彩，表示赞叹、抱怨、生气或者不耐烦等。

You are always changing your mind.

3）现在进行时可以表示短暂的将来，表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。

Are you staying with us this weekend? 这周和我们一起度周末吗?

We are leaving soon.我们马上就走。

I have been working on this project the whole morning.我一早上都一直在忙这个计划。4．）be doing sth ---- when ---

3.一般将来时（常用时间标志：one day，some day，next time /week / month / year，tomorrow，from now on，later，before long，soon，sometime in the future，in the future，in the year to come，in the following day / week / month / year，in a few days’ time, in a month等等。）①be going to do表将来时态：常表示打算准备做某事，或表示可能要发生或肯定要发生

的事情。eg：What are you going to do this evening? eg：It’s going to rain.

②be doing表将来时态：只限于某些动词，如：go，leave，start，finish等非延续性动词

的进行时表示将来时，表示短暂的按计划安排要发生的事。

eg：I am finishing my work. He is coming. They are leaving for Tibet.

③be to do表将来时态：用于表示吩咐、命令、约定、计划中的或按职业义务、要求等等

即将发生的动作。eg：The medicine is to be taken three times a day.

④be about to do sth --- when --- 或be on the point of doing sth. when…

表将来时态，意思是“就要…正要…”。在这种情况下一般不可与具体的

时间状语连用。

eg：We were about to leave, when it started to rain.我们正要离开，天突然下雨了。

4. 现在完成时

一种是动作发生在过去, 动作不延续, 但对现在有结果和影响。另一种是动作从过去开始一直延续到现在, 对现在有结果和影响,

现在完成时常与lately，recently，so far ，already，those days，ever，just，up to now during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years 等表示时间的副词或时间短语连用，也可与since, for引导的表示一段时间的时间状语连用（有时for省略），但是这不等于说for时间短语就一定得用完成时。

1）下列句型中常用现在完成时

It is (has been) + 一段时间+ since从句

It/ This / That is the first / second time…. that sb. has done sth…（这是某人第…次做…）结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。

对比：It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2.）“It /That/This is + 最高级修饰的先行词+ 定语从句”中的定语从句中常用现在完成时。

This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。

This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

对比：I have never seen a better film before.我以前从未看过比这个更好的电影

3）完成时态可以和否定的比较级连用，表示最高级。

I have never seen a better film. 我没看过一部比这更好的电影。

对比：I have never seen him before.我以前从未见过他。

一般过去与现在完成时的区别：

一般过去时所发生的动作只指在过去，与现在无关。而现在完成时指的是从过去某一时间开始，一直持续或影响到现在。如：

I worked here for ten years. 我在这里工作过十年。（现在不在那里工作了）

I have worked here for ten years.我在这里已工作了十年了。（从开始到现在已十年了，并且现在还在这里工作）

4.过去完成时

1）在by、b y the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。如：By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station.

2）表示曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/though / wanted / expected等或用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned … + to have done。

3)表示“一……就”的几个句型：

Hardly had + 主语+ 过去分词+ when

Scarcely had+ 主语+ 过去分词+ when

No sooner had + 主语+ 过去分词than

before + 一般过去时。

had just done ---- when ---

如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we