Your College Years 课文翻译
yourcollegeyears翻译
yourcollegeyears翻译翻译节选：⼤学期间，学⽣们正经历着⾃我认同危机，⽽且他们正在竭⼒了解⾃⼰，以及⾃⼰的优点和不⾜。
当然，他们的优点和不⾜之处都很多。
重要的是要了解⼈们如何看待⾃⼰，以及其他⼈⼜如何看待他们。
中英⽂对照翻译Your College Years你的⼤学⽣活Bob Hartman鲍勃·哈特曼Have you ever considered the changes that are taking place and will take place in your life as a college student? Has it ever occurred to you that your professors and other school personnel have certain goals for your growth and maturity during your college years? Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? Though college students seldom think about them, key changes will probably happen to them during their college years.作为⼀个⼤学⽣，你可曾考虑过那些你⽣活中正在发⽣以及将要发⽣的变化吗？你可曾想到过，你的教授们和其他教职员⼯为你的成长和发展曾经制定了某些⽬标？你可曾意识到，从青春期到渐渐成熟的过程中，你会经历某些特定的发展变化？尽管⼤学⽣很少思考以上问题，但是在⼤学期间，⼀些重要的变化很有可能发⽣在他们⾝上。
Your College Years现代大学英语BookUnit
现代大学英语Book 3 Unit 1Your College Years（By Bob Harter）1. Have you ever considered the changes that are taking place and will take place in your life as a college student? Has it ever occurred to you that your professors and other school personnel have certain goals for your growth and maturity during your college years? Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? Though college students seldom think about them, key changes will probably happen to them during their college years.1你可曾考虑过作为一个大学生你生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化你可曾想到过大学时代教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长和发展制定了目标你可曾注意过你在从青少年渐渐成人的过程中会发生某些变化尽管大学生很少想这些，但是在大学生时代很可能会发生一些主要的变化。
2.During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. They have, of course, plenty of both. It is important to know how people perceive themselves as well as how other people perceive them. According to Piers and Landau, in an article discussing the theories of Erik H. Erickson in International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences (1979), identity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events. People are influenced by their environment and, in turn, influence their environment. How people see themselves in both roles is unquestionably a part of their identity.2在这段时期，学生们正经受自我认同危机，他们努力要了解自己的身份，掌握自身的优缺点。
现代大学英语精读3_第二版_unit1、2课文翻译
Unit 1 Your college years1你可曾考虑过作为一个大学生你生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化？你可曾想到过大学时代教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长和发展制定了目标？你可曾注意过你在从青少年渐渐成人的过程中会发生某些变化？尽管大学生很少想这些，但是在大学生时代很可能会发生一些主要的变化。
2在这段时期，学生们正经受自我认同危机，他们努力要了解自己的身份，掌握自身的优缺点。
当然，优缺点他们兼而有之，且两者都为数不少。
重要的是人们如何看待自己，其他人又如何看待他们。
皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中探讨了爱立信在《国际社会百科全书》中有关理论，根据他们的观点，性格特征是由先天基因（即父母的遗传物质）所决定，由外部环境而形成，并受偶然事件的影响的。
人们受环境的影响，反过来也影响他们的环境。
人们如何看待自己扮演的这两个角色无疑正是他们性格特征的部分表现。
3学生们经历自我认同危机的时候，他们也开始渐渐独立，但是可能仍然非常依赖父母。
这种介于独立与依赖之间的冲突常常发生在青少年末期。
事实上，这种冲突很可能因为他们选择继续接受大学教育而愈发激烈。
高中一毕业，一些学生便会立即走入社会开始工作。
这种选择的结果就是他们可能他们在经济上获得独立。
但是大学生已经选择了用几年的时间继续掌握新知并且发展自我，因此他们在一定程度上还要依赖父母。
41984年4月杰利弗·A·霍夫曼在《心理咨询杂志》上发表了《即将成人的青年与父母的心理距离》，文章中他提及了人与父母产生心理距离的四个不同方面。
第一，独立处理日常生活的能力，它包括个人独立处理实际事物和自身事务的能力，如理财的能力、选购服装的能力和决定每天工作日程的能力。
第二，态度独立，即个人学会正确看待和接受自己与父母的态度、价值和信仰上的差异。
第三个心理分离过程是情感独立，霍夫曼将这一过程定义为“摆脱父母的认可、亲近、陪伴和情感支持的过分依赖”。
例如，大学生们会随自己所愿自由选择专业，而且并不认为必须征得父母的认同。
your college years主旨大意
your college years主旨大意
大意：我的大学岁月是我人生中最难忘和充实的时期。
在大学里，我经历了许多学术上和个人成长上的挑战，并且获得了宝贵的知识和技能。
我结识了许多志同道合的朋友，建立了持久的友谊。
此外，大学生活也给了我许多机会去探索和发展自己的兴趣爱好，参与各种俱乐部和社团活动。
虽然有时候会有挫折和压力，但这些经历都帮助我成长为一个更加坚强和自信的人。
总之，我的大学岁月是充满挑战和成长的，也是我一生中最宝贵的时期之一。
现代大学英语精读3lesson1 your college_years
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
Myths and Facts Regarding College Experience
College years are times of significant transition and challenge for an individual. Transition simply means change. Higher levels of anxiety are always experienced by people who are in a state of transition regardless of whether the change is perceived as good or bad. The following are some of the myths vs. the facts regarding college experience.
It’s the season of growth.
III. On Seasons in College
Summer is the season for flowers to bloom, and it’s the season for you to enjoy the greatest passion in nature — love, love from your classmates, from your teachers and from your romance.
Warm-up Contents
I. Warm-up Questions II. Myths and Facts Regarding
College Experience III.On Seasons in College
Unit_1_Your_College_Years (1)
Summer is the season for flowers to bloom, and it’s the season for you to enjoy the greatest passion in nature — love, love from your classmates, from your teachers and from your romance.
Senior
Spring is the season for nature to revive, to grow and to get ready to boom. Similarly, in college, spring is the season for you to acquire knowledge, to develop yourself and to lay a solid foundation for the future. It’s the season of growth.
Part 1
Warm-up
Warm-up questions
College Years vs. Seasons
Warm-up Questions
1. As a sophomore, what is your general impression of college? the golden time in one’s life many opportunities for one to explore the unknown experiencing a lot making lifelong friends enjoying various kinds of activities developing one’s personal interests keeping a good balance and laying a solid foundation …
现代大学英语精读3-your-college-years
WB T L E
The end of Theme.
I. Text Analysis
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
Structure of the text
Part 1 (para.1):
Many key changes happen to college students during their college years.
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
I. Text Analysis
Theme of the text
College is designed to be a time of changes for students.Threatening the changes may be, they contribute to young adults’ growth and maturity.College students are experiencing a lot.Not only are they being introduced to new people and new knowledge, but they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information.They are also proudly growing in their understanding of themselves, others and the world.
I. Text Analysis
In fact, it may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education.
基础英语第三册 第一课 Your College Years
Lesson One Your College YearsBob Harter1. Have you ever considered the changes that are taking place and will take place in your life as a college student? Has it ever occurred to you that your professors and other school personnel have certain goals for your growth and maturity during your college years? Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? Though college students seldom think about them, key changes will probably happen to them during their college years.2. During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. They have, of course, plenty of both. It is important to know how people perceive themselves as well as how other people perceive them. According to Piers and Landau, in an article discussing the theories of Erik H. Erickson in International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences (1979), identity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced bychance events. People are influenced by their environment and, in turn, influence their environment. How people see themselves in both roles is unquestionably a part of their identity.3. While students are going through an identity crisis, they are becoming independent from their parents, yet are probably still very dependent on them. This independence / dependence struggle is very much a part of the later adolescence stage. In fact, it may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education. Immediately after graduating from high school, some graduates choose to enter the work world. As a result of this choice, they may become financially independent from their parents. But college students have chosen to grow and learn new skills that take years to develop, so they probably need at least some degree of dependence on their parents.4. In his April 1984 article "Psychological Separation of Late Adolescents from Their Parents" in the Journal of Counseling Psychology, Jeffery A. Hoffman observed that there are four distinct aspects to psychological separation from one's parents. First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. Second, there isattitudinal independence, which means that individuals learn to see and accept the difference between their own attitudes, values, and beliefs and those of their parents. The third process of psychological separation is emotional independence. Hoffman defines this process as "freedom from an excessive need for approval, closeness, togetherness, and emotional support in relation to the mother and father." For example, college students would feel free to select the major that they want to pursue without feeling they must have parental approval. Fourth is freedom from "excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father." College students need to stand back and see where they are in the independence / dependence struggle.5. Probably one of the most stressful matters for young college students is establishing their sexual identity, which includes relating to the opposite sex and projecting their future roles as men or women. Each must define her or his sexual identity in a feminine or masculine role. These are exciting times yet frustrating times. Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with. For example, when I was working with a young college student, he bounced into my office once with a smile on his face and excitement in his voice. Theyoung man declared, "I've just had the best day of my life!" He went on to explain how he had met an extraordinary young woman and how this relationship was all he had dreamed a romantic relationship should be. That same young man came into my office less than a week later, dragging his feet with a dismayed, dejected look on his face. He sat down in the same chair, sighed deeply, and declared, "I've just had the worst day of my life!" He and the young woman had just had an argument, and their relationship was no longer going well. Thus, the way students are relating to those of the opposite sex has a definite influence on their emotions.6. At the same time, these young adults are learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. This aspect of growth deals not only with interaction with the opposite sex but with friends of both sexes and all ages. As they grow and reach young adulthood, the way they relate to others changes. It is a time when they as adults should think about how they relate to and show proper respect for peers, how they relate to the children and young adolescents in their lives, and how they relate to their parents and show them affection. For example, when I was a graduate student at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, I visited my parents after I had just finished a course in counseling. During the course I had come to realize that while my world was expanding andnew options were opening for me, my father, who was in his sixties, was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow. During my visit home, my father and I had several conversations in which we discussed the content of my course and how it applied to our lives. I found myself seeing my father in a different way and relating to him as a friend whom I could encourage. I was consciously encouraging the man who over the years had encouraged me. I was relating to my father in a different way.7. Another change for college students is internalizing their religious faith, their values, and their morals. Since birth, one or more parents have been modeling for them and teaching them certain beliefs, values, and morals. In their adolescent years, however, these matters are questioned and in some cases rebelled against. Now, as young adults, they have the opportunity to decide for themselves what beliefs, values, and morals they are going to accept for their lives. In the late sixties, a young woman from a background that was extremely prejudiced against people from other races came to college convinced that her race was superior. She was distressed because she had been put into a dorm that had people from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. Over the next four years, this student, who considered herself intelligent, found herself in classes and social events in which people of other races performed as well as or more competently than she did. As she finished her senior year, she had grownto realize that people of other races were not only equal to her but were people who could be her friends and from whom she could learn. These religious, moral, and ethical values that are set during the college years often last a lifetime.8. In addition to affirming personal values, college students develop new ways to organize and use knowledge. The challenges of academic life not only introduce them to new knowledge but force them to evaluate how they gather, process, and apply knowledge in their lives. For some, this will be a painful experience, but for all it will be a growing experience. One student with whom I had worked went on to become an English teacher. She shared with me how her attitude toward literature changed during her college years. "In high school I made good grades in English," she observed, "but the material meant very little to me." She then went on to explain how in college she came to realize that literature is one of the best ways to understand a culture. Her way of learning had changed. All students should be aware of how they react to new knowledge and new ways of learning, how they process the knowledge presented to them, and how they organize this knowledge.9. And last of all, these young adults are becoming world citizens, are becoming aware not only of other groups in their own culture but alsoof people of other cultures. As they meet these people and interact with them, they find themselves being introduced to new ways of life and new ways of interpreting life. As they do so, they grow and become more mature people. A student attending a community college in his home town explained how as a student he came to know a student from a Third World country — a country he had not even heard of before. The international student, who expected to be appointed to an important governmental position when he returned home, had a brother who taught law at the major university of his country. The American student and the international student became close friends and spent many hours sharing their thoughts and dreams. The American student observed, "Because of our friendship, I have come to understand people of Third World countries in a way I never realized possible. I can no longer read the newspaper or watch a television newscast without seeing the people from other countries in a different light. They are now real people who have dreams, hopes, and struggles, just as I do." Because of the opportunities he had while attending college, this young man, like many other students, experienced a new understanding of the world and of himself.10. College is designed to be a time of personal growth and expansion. At times it can be threatening. For certain, it is an experience that contributes to young adults' growth and maturity. Not only are theybeing introduced to new people and new knowledge, but they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information. Just as proudly, they are growing in their understanding of themselves, others, and the world in which they live.。
unit 1 Your College Years 完整版
them, key changes will probably happen to them during their college years.
Skimming
➢ Q: What are the key changes which will probably happen in college years?
➢ middle-aged
➢ pensioner
➢ old-aged / elderly / senior citizen
Further Reading (3 minutes)
1) What is the topic sentence of each part? 2) In what ways are the supportive ideas
Juniors: Autumn
Autumn is a season of harvest in college. It’s the season
for you to enjoy what you have achieved.
Seniors: Winter
Winter is the harshest season of the four, which presents so many difficulties and hardships. So winter is the season of change. Unpleasant as it may seem to some students, it is simply inescapable and beneficial to one’s growth and maturity.
Lesson 1 Your College Years知识点
Lesson 1 Text AYour College YearsⅠ. GLOSSARYacademic 学院的adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年时期adulthood 成年affection 喜爱affirm 断言attitudinal 态度的baptist 浸礼会教友bounce 跳跃capability 能力counsel 建议crisis 危机competently 胜任地definite 清楚的developmental 发育的distinct 清晰的distressed 悲伤dorm 公寓，宿舍(大学生) encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋ethical 道德的evaluate 估算，评估excessive 极度的feminine 女性的financial 财政的functional 职务的frustrating 令人沮丧的genetic 基因的guilt 内疚heighten 提高inherit 遗传，继承inhibition 怨恨interact 交流interaction 合作internalize 使内在化involve （成功的）必要条件journal 期刊masculine 男性的maturity 成熟的mistrust 不信任newscast 新闻广播observe 说parental 父母的pastor=priest=clergy 牧师peer 同龄人perceive 理解position 工作prejudiced 偏见project 规划，计划Wardrobe 衣柜rebel 抗议relate 理解，同情某人resentment 怨恨role 职责seminary 学院的separation 分开sexual 性的shrink 缩水stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问地Cognition 认知temporal 暂时的，当时的Ⅱ.Phrases1.have certain goals for sth 对某事有特定的目标2.Dawn on 开始渐渐理解3.move from adolescence to young adulthood 从少年成长为青年4.Key changes will probably happen to them during......在.....时期，关键性变化可能会在他们身上发生5.Identity/sexual crisis 身份/性别意识6.Endeavor to do 尝试做某事7.Endowment = what is inherited from parents 从父母处遗传8.Some degree of 某种程度上9.Daily agenda 日常活动10.Accept the difference between their own attitudes,values,and beliefs接受他们之间不同的三观差异11.psychological separation from 与......的精神分歧material 物质的12.Feel free to 随意尽管13.stand back 避开14.Opposite sex 异性15.Give and receive affection 传达和接受爱慕之情16.Interactive with 与......的交流17.Both sexes and all ages 无论性别年龄18.It is a time when...... 到了......的时候19.Relate to and show proper respect for peers 与同伴打交道20.In counseling 建议的21.My world was expanding and new options were opening for me.我的世界变得开阔，拥有了更多新选择22.over the years 这么多年来23.Prejudice against 对......的偏见24.Ethnic backgrounds 种族背景25.Grow to realize 长大认识到26.Set ethical values 树立道德观st a lifetime 持续一生anize this knowledge 组织运用知识st of all 最后30.World citizens 世界公民31.Find themselves being introducted to new ways of life 找到新的生活方式32.Interpret life 诠释生活33.As they do so 如果他们这么做34.Be appointed to sth 被任命为35.In a way I never realized possible 用我从未想过的方式36.A television newscast 新闻电视台37.College is designed to be a time of personal growth and expansion.大学应该是个人成长和开拓的时期。
英语专业基础英语精读Lesson 1 Your College Years (final)
Key Patterns
It occurs to sb. that…/sth occurs to sb 想到 It dawns on sb that…/sth dawns on sb 明白/认识到
living with others – cooperate, reconcile, mutual understanding/love/respect becoming psychologically independent taking care of oneself handling one’s own finance; making one’s own decisions – strive to be determined
Realize认识，明白 Imagine想象，设想
perceive Understand明白，了解 Work out想出，解决
conceive （of）
Consider考虑，认为 Be pregnant怀孕
Choose the word: perceive/conceive
perceived 1) He __________ that he could not make his daughter change her mind. conceived 2) He __________ of the beautifully simple idea. perceive 3) Do you __________ what I mean here? conceive 4) He could never _________ of such a thing happening to himself. conceive 5) People used to __________ of disease as a punishment for sin. conceived 6) The Wright brothers __________ the design of the first successful motor-powered plane.
Unit_1_Your_College_Years (1)
It is the season of affection.
It’s the season for you to enjoy what you have achieved. Autumn is a season of harvest .
Winter is the harshest season of the four, which presents so many difficulties and hardships. So winter is the season of change.
Senior
Spring is the season for nature to revive, to grow and to get ready to boom. Similarly, in college, spring is the season for you to acquire knowledge, to develop yourself and to lay a solid foundation for the future. It’s the season of growth.
Bob Hartman
Part One: Warm-up Part Two: Background Information Part Three: Text Appreciation Part Four: Language Study Part Five: Exercises
Part 1
埃里克森认为，人的自我意识发展持续一生，他把 自我意识的形成和发展过程划分为八个阶段，这八 个阶段的顺序是由遗传决定的，但是每一阶段能否 顺利度过却是由环境决定的，所以这个理论可称为" 心理社会"阶段理论。每一个阶段都是不可忽视的。 他的人格终生发展论，为不同年龄段的教育提供了 理论依据和教育内容，任何年龄段的教育失误，都 会给一个人的终生发展造成障碍。它也告诉每个人 你为什么会成为现在这个样子，你的心理品质哪些 是积极的，哪些是消极的，多在哪个年龄段形成的， 给你以反思的依据。
现代大学英语精读(第2版)3U1A You College Years翻译
现代大学英语精读(第2版)3:U1A You College Years翻译Your College Years你的大学生活Bob Hartman鲍勃·哈特曼Have you ever considered the changes that are taking place and will take place in your life as a college student? Has it ever occurred to you that yo ur professors and other school personnel have certain goals for your grow th and maturity during your college years? Has it ever dawned on you tha t certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? Though college students seldom think a bout them, key changes will probably happen to them during their college years.作为一个大学生，你可曾考虑过那些你生活中正在发生以及将要发生的变化吗？你可曾想到过，你的教授们和其他教职员工为你的成长和发展曾经制定了某些目标？你可曾意识到，从青春期到渐渐成熟的过程中，你会经历某些特定的发展变化？尽管大学生很少思考以上问题，但是在大学期间，一些重要的变化很有可能发生在他们身上。
During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are end eavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. They have, of course, plenty of both. It is important to know how p eople perceive themselves as well as how other people perceive them. Ac cording to Piers and Landau, in an article discussing the theories of Erik H. Erikson in International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences (1979), ident ity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events. People are influ enced by their environment and, in turn, influence their environment. Ho w people see themselves in both roles is unquestionably a part of their ide ntity.大学期间，学生们正经历着自我认同危机，而且他们正在竭力了解自己，以及自己的优点和不足。
第二版 现代大学英语精读 3 Unit1 Your- College- Years
Stage 2: Toddler Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt Works to master physical environment while maintaining self-esteem.
Spring
Freshman
Summer
Sophomore
Junior
Senior
Freshman: Spring
Spring is the season for nature to revive, to grow and to get ready to boom. Similarly, in college, spring is the season for you to acquire knowledge, to develop yourself and to lay a solid foundation for the future. It’s the season of growth.
Part 1 Warm-up
Warm-up questions
College Years vs. Seasons
Warm-up Questions
1. As a sophomore, what is your general impression of college?
the golden time in one’s life many opportunities for one to explore the unknown experiencing a lot making lifelong friends enjoying various kinds of activities developing one’s personal interests keeping a good balance and laying a solid foundation …
UNIT 1 YOUR COLLEGE YEARS- TEXT
8
to dawn on/upon sb.
• to gradually become clear to someone’s mind; to become
evident to someone.
逐渐明白
It finally dawned on me that he had been lying. The truth began to dawn on him. 经济学家们逐渐意识到问题不是过度生产而是消费不足。 It gradually began to dawn on the economists that the problem was not overproduction, but under-consumption.
4
It occurs to sb. that /to do…
= to come into one’s mind 想起；想到 e.g. It never occurred to me that wealth could ruin a person’s life. It never occurred to him to lock his door in the daytime. 我突然想到她可能没说实话。 It occurred to me that she might not be telling the truth.
9
explanation:
• developmental changes: • This is a psychological term which refers to the
physiological and behavioral changes throughout one’s
life.
your college years课文主要内容
你的大学时代作为你的文章写手，我将会帮助你撰写一篇关于“你的大学时代”这个主题的高质量、深度和广度兼具的中文文章。
这个主题是一个非常丰富和多样化的话题，涵盖了许多方面，包括学习、社交、成长、挑战、收获等等。
在本文中，我将会按照从简到繁、由浅入深的方式来探讨这个主题，以便你能更深入地理解。
我也会在文章中多次提及你指定的主题文字，确保文章内容与你的要求一致。
在大学时代，每个人都会有着自己独特的体验和感受。
我们可以从学习的角度来看待这个话题。
在大学里，学生们接触到了更加专业和深度的知识，同时也开始培养独立思考和解决问题的能力。
在这个阶段，人们会有很多新的启发和收获，同时也会面临着各种挑战和压力。
我们可以从学习的角度来探讨“你的大学时代”中所面临的种种困惑和成长。
除了学习之外，社交也是大学时代的重要组成部分。
在大学里，人们会结识很多新朋友，建立各种各样的人际关系。
也会参与到各种社团、活动中，丰富自己的课外生活。
这些社交经历不仅帮助我们建立人脉，还可以扩展我们的视野，让我们更加全面地了解社会和生活。
另外，大学时代也是个人成长和自我探索的时期。
在这个阶段，人们会面临很多选择和抉择，包括未来的职业发展、生活规划等等。
这些选择和抉择都会对我们产生深远的影响，塑造我们的人生轨迹。
我们可以从自我成长和规划的角度来思考“你的大学时代”中的发展与收获。
在本文的总结和回顾性部分，我将会对以上各个方面进行总结和归纳，帮助你全面、深刻和灵活地理解“你的大学时代”这个主题。
我也会共享我的个人观点和理解，通过我的视角来解读大学时代的精彩与意义。
我将会按照非Markdown格式的普通文本撰写，遵循知识文章格式，并使用序号标注，确保文章内容符合你的要求。
文章内容将大于3000字，并且不会出现字数统计。
希望本文能够帮助你更加全面地理解“你的大学时代”，并且能够为你的个人成长和发展提供一些启发和帮助。
期待与你共享这篇有价值的文章！在大学时代，除了学习、社交和个人成长，还有许多其他方面值得我们深入探讨。
Your College Years 课文翻译
一、译文大学时代鲍勃·哈特曼[1] 作为一名大学生，你考虑过那些在你的生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化吗? 你是否想过，教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长及成熟曾经制定了某些目标? 你是否意识到，从青少年迈向成人的过程中，你的个人发展会发生某些变化呢? 尽管大学生们很少思考这些问题，但是，他们在大学期间很可能会发生一些重大的变化。
[2] 在此期间，学生们正在经受自我认同危机，而且，他们正在竭力了解自己的身份，以及自身的优缺点。
当然，他们的优缺点都不少。
重要的是要了解人们如何看待自己，以及其他人又如何看待自己。
皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中讨论了埃里克·H·爱里克森在《世界社会科学百科全书》中的有关理论。
根据他们的观点，性格特征是由遗传基因(即父母的遗传) 决定的，是由环境塑造而成的，并受偶然事件影响的。
人们受环境的影响，反过来也影响他们所处的环境。
人们如何看待自己扮演的这两个角色无疑正是他们性格特征的一部分。
[3] 当学生们经历自我认同危机的过程中，他们会渐渐独立于父母，然而，他们也有可能仍然非常依赖父母。
这种独立与依赖之间的冲突构成了青春期后期生活的一大部分。
实际上，如果他们选择继续接受大学教育，这种冲突很可能会愈发激烈。
高中一毕业，一些学生会选择立即参加工作，这种选择的结果是他们可能在经济上不再依赖父母。
但是，大学生们已经选择了继续发展，选择了学习需要几年的时间才能掌握的新技能，因此，他们可能至少在一定程度上还要依靠父母。
[4] 1984年4月，杰弗里·A·霍夫曼在《心理咨询杂志》上发表了题为《青春期后期青少与父母的分离》的文章，他提出，孩子与父母的心理分离包含四个方面。
第一，功能独立，它包括个人独自处理实际事务和个人事务的能力，如理财、选择着装和决定日程安排。
第二，态度独立，也就是个人学会正确看待和接受自己与父母在态度、价值观和信仰上的差异。
第三个心理分离过程是情感独立。
基础英语第三册 第一课 Your College Years
Lesson One Your College YearsBob Harter1. Have you ever considered the changes that are taking place and will take place in your life as a college student? Has it ever occurred to you that your professors and other school personnel have certain goals for your growth and maturity during your college years? Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? Though college students seldom think about them, key changes will probably happen to them during their college years.2. During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. They have, of course, plenty of both. It is important to know how people perceive themselves as well as how other people perceive them. According to Piers and Landau, in an article discussing the theories of Erik H. Erickson in International Encyclopedia of Social Sciences (1979), identity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced bychance events. People are influenced by their environment and, in turn, influence their environment. How people see themselves in both roles is unquestionably a part of their identity.3. While students are going through an identity crisis, they are becoming independent from their parents, yet are probably still very dependent on them. This independence / dependence struggle is very much a part of the later adolescence stage. In fact, it may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education. Immediately after graduating from high school, some graduates choose to enter the work world. As a result of this choice, they may become financially independent from their parents. But college students have chosen to grow and learn new skills that take years to develop, so they probably need at least some degree of dependence on their parents.4. In his April 1984 article "Psychological Separation of Late Adolescents from Their Parents" in the Journal of Counseling Psychology, Jeffery A. Hoffman observed that there are four distinct aspects to psychological separation from one's parents. First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. Second, there isattitudinal independence, which means that individuals learn to see and accept the difference between their own attitudes, values, and beliefs and those of their parents. The third process of psychological separation is emotional independence. Hoffman defines this process as "freedom from an excessive need for approval, closeness, togetherness, and emotional support in relation to the mother and father." For example, college students would feel free to select the major that they want to pursue without feeling they must have parental approval. Fourth is freedom from "excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father." College students need to stand back and see where they are in the independence / dependence struggle.5. Probably one of the most stressful matters for young college students is establishing their sexual identity, which includes relating to the opposite sex and projecting their future roles as men or women. Each must define her or his sexual identity in a feminine or masculine role. These are exciting times yet frustrating times. Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with. For example, when I was working with a young college student, he bounced into my office once with a smile on his face and excitement in his voice. Theyoung man declared, "I've just had the best day of my life!" He went on to explain how he had met an extraordinary young woman and how this relationship was all he had dreamed a romantic relationship should be. That same young man came into my office less than a week later, dragging his feet with a dismayed, dejected look on his face. He sat down in the same chair, sighed deeply, and declared, "I've just had the worst day of my life!" He and the young woman had just had an argument, and their relationship was no longer going well. Thus, the way students are relating to those of the opposite sex has a definite influence on their emotions.6. At the same time, these young adults are learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. This aspect of growth deals not only with interaction with the opposite sex but with friends of both sexes and all ages. As they grow and reach young adulthood, the way they relate to others changes. It is a time when they as adults should think about how they relate to and show proper respect for peers, how they relate to the children and young adolescents in their lives, and how they relate to their parents and show them affection. For example, when I was a graduate student at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, I visited my parents after I had just finished a course in counseling. During the course I had come to realize that while my world was expanding andnew options were opening for me, my father, who was in his sixties, was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow. During my visit home, my father and I had several conversations in which we discussed the content of my course and how it applied to our lives. I found myself seeing my father in a different way and relating to him as a friend whom I could encourage. I was consciously encouraging the man who over the years had encouraged me. I was relating to my father in a different way.7. Another change for college students is internalizing their religious faith, their values, and their morals. Since birth, one or more parents have been modeling for them and teaching them certain beliefs, values, and morals. In their adolescent years, however, these matters are questioned and in some cases rebelled against. Now, as young adults, they have the opportunity to decide for themselves what beliefs, values, and morals they are going to accept for their lives. In the late sixties, a young woman from a background that was extremely prejudiced against people from other races came to college convinced that her race was superior. She was distressed because she had been put into a dorm that had people from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. Over the next four years, this student, who considered herself intelligent, found herself in classes and social events in which people of other races performed as well as or more competently than she did. As she finished her senior year, she had grownto realize that people of other races were not only equal to her but were people who could be her friends and from whom she could learn. These religious, moral, and ethical values that are set during the college years often last a lifetime.8. In addition to affirming personal values, college students develop new ways to organize and use knowledge. The challenges of academic life not only introduce them to new knowledge but force them to evaluate how they gather, process, and apply knowledge in their lives. For some, this will be a painful experience, but for all it will be a growing experience. One student with whom I had worked went on to become an English teacher. She shared with me how her attitude toward literature changed during her college years. "In high school I made good grades in English," she observed, "but the material meant very little to me." She then went on to explain how in college she came to realize that literature is one of the best ways to understand a culture. Her way of learning had changed. All students should be aware of how they react to new knowledge and new ways of learning, how they process the knowledge presented to them, and how they organize this knowledge.9. And last of all, these young adults are becoming world citizens, are becoming aware not only of other groups in their own culture but alsoof people of other cultures. As they meet these people and interact with them, they find themselves being introduced to new ways of life and new ways of interpreting life. As they do so, they grow and become more mature people. A student attending a community college in his home town explained how as a student he came to know a student from a Third World country — a country he had not even heard of before. The international student, who expected to be appointed to an important governmental position when he returned home, had a brother who taught law at the major university of his country. The American student and the international student became close friends and spent many hours sharing their thoughts and dreams. The American student observed, "Because of our friendship, I have come to understand people of Third World countries in a way I never realized possible. I can no longer read the newspaper or watch a television newscast without seeing the people from other countries in a different light. They are now real people who have dreams, hopes, and struggles, just as I do." Because of the opportunities he had while attending college, this young man, like many other students, experienced a new understanding of the world and of himself.10. College is designed to be a time of personal growth and expansion. At times it can be threatening. For certain, it is an experience that contributes to young adults' growth and maturity. Not only are theybeing introduced to new people and new knowledge, but they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information. Just as proudly, they are growing in their understanding of themselves, others, and the world in which they live.。
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一、译文
大学时代
鲍勃·哈特曼[1] 作为一名大学生，你考虑过那些在你的生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化吗? 你是否想过，教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长及成熟曾经制定了某些目标? 你是否意识到，从青少年迈向成人的过程中，你的个人发展会发生某些变化呢? 尽管大学生们很少思考这些问题，但是，他们在大学期间很可能会发生一些重大的变化。
[2] 在此期间，学生们正在经受自我认同危机，而且，他们正在竭力了解自己的身份，以及自身的优缺点。
当然，他们的优缺点都不少。
重要的是要了解人们如何看待自己，以及其他人又如何看待自己。
皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中讨论了埃里克·H·爱里克森在《世界社会科学百科全书》中的有关理论。
根据他们的观点，性格特征是由遗传基因(即父母的遗传) 决定的，是由环境塑造而成的，并受偶然事件影响的。
人们受环境的影响，反过来也影响他们所处的环境。
人们如何看待自己扮演的这两个角色无疑正是他们性格特征的一部分。
[3] 当学生们经历自我认同危机的过程中，他们会渐渐独立于父母，然而，他们也有可能仍然非常依赖父母。
这种独立与依赖之间的冲突构成了青春期后期生活的一大部分。
实际上，如果他们选择继续接受大学教育，这种冲突很可能会愈发激烈。
高中一毕业，一些学生会选择立即参加工作，这种选择的结果是他们可能在经济上不再依赖父母。
但是，大学生们已经选择了继续发展，选择了学习需要几年的时间才能掌握的新技能，因此，他们可能至少在一定程度上还要依靠父母。
[4] 1984年4月，杰弗里·A·霍夫曼在《心理咨询杂志》上发表了题为《青春期后期青少与父母的分离》的文章，他提出，孩子与父母的心理分离包含四个方面。
第一，功能独立，它包括个人独自处理实际事务和个人事务的能力，如理财、选择着装和决定日程安排。
第二，态度独立，也就是个人学会正确看待和接受自己与父母在态度、价值观和信仰上的差异。
第三个心理分离过程是情感独立。
霍夫曼将这一过程定义为“摆脱对父母在赞许、亲近、陪伴和情感支持方面的过分依赖”。
例如，大学生们会自由选择专业，而不会觉得必须要征得父母的同意。
第四是摆脱“与父母有关的过度内疚、焦虑、怀疑、责任、压抑、反感和愤怒的心理”。
大学生们需要退一步，看清自己在独立与依赖的挣扎中所处的位置。
[5] 对于大学生们来说，压力最大的事情之一可能就是构建自己的性别特征。
这包括与异性之间的关系以及规划自己未来作为男人或女人的角色。
每个人都必须将其性别特征定义为男性或女性角色。
这个阶段既令人兴奋，又令人沮丧。
也许没有什么能比恋爱更让学生们情绪低落或高涨的了。
例如，那时，正当我和一名年轻的大学生同事，有一次，他满脸笑容，声音激动地闯进了我的办公室并宣布道：“今天是我一生中最快乐的一天。
”接着，他讲述了如何认识了一位非凡的女孩，还讲了他的这次浪漫爱情是多么与他梦中
所期待的相符。
然而不到一个星期，这个年轻人却拖着脚步，神情沮丧地走进了我的办公室。
他在同一张椅子上坐下来，深深地叹了口气，宣布道：“我刚刚度过了一生中最糟糕的一天。
”他和那个女孩刚刚吵过架，两人的关系不好了。
由此可见，大学生们与异性交往的方式对他们的情感有一定的影响。
[6] 与此同时，这些刚刚成年的年轻人正在学习如何在成年人的世界里给予和接受感情。
这方面的成长不仅要涉及到与异性的相处，还会涉及到与不同性别，不同年龄的朋友的相处。
随着他们渐渐长大成人，他们与人交往的方式也在发生变化。
这时，作为成年人，他们应该考虑如何与同龄人相处并表现出适当的尊敬。
如何在生活中与青少年儿童相处，如何与他们的父母相处并表达自己的感情。
例如，我在西南浸礼教会神学院读研究生时，有一次在刚修完一门咨询课后，我去探望父母。
在学习这门课的过程中，我渐渐意识到，当我的世界不断扩展，新的选择向我开放时，我的父亲，一个年过花甲之人，正在亲眼目睹自己的世界在变小，选择在变少。
在家的那些日子里，我和父亲几次谈心，一起探讨我所学课程的内容以及这些内容在我们的生活中如何得到了应用。
我发现自己正以一种不同的方式看待父亲，并且把他当成一个我可以鼓励的朋友来相处。
我有意识地去鼓励这个以前一直鼓励我的人。
我在以一种不同的方式与父亲相处。
[7] 大学生们的另一个变化就是内化宗教信仰、价值观和道德观。
自出生起，他们的父亲、或母亲、或双亲就一直对他们言传身教，并教给他们某些信仰、价值观和道德观。
然而，当到了青春期，他们会质疑，甚至反叛这些观念。
现在，作为刚刚成年的年轻人，他们有机会为自己决定一生中将要接受何种信仰、价值观和道德观。
二十世纪六十年代末，一位来自极度歧视其他种族背景的年轻女子来上大学，她对自己种族的优越性深信不疑。
令她苦恼的是，她被安排在了住着来自不同民族背景的学生的宿舍里。
在随后的四年中，这个自认为很聪明的学生却发现，无论是在课堂上还是在社会活动中，那些来自其他种族的学生们跟她一样优秀，甚至表现得比她更加能干。
大学毕业时，她已经渐渐意识到，其他种族的人不仅与她平等，而且还可以成为她的朋友，也同样值得她学习。
这些在大学时代形成的宗教、道德和伦理观常常会伴随人的一生。
[8] 除了确定个人的价值观，大学生们还会逐步掌握新方法来组织和运用知识。
学业的挑战不仅使他们接触到了新的知识，还促使他们评估如何在生活中搜集、整理和运用知识。
对于一些学生来说，这会是一段痛苦的经历，但是对于所有的学生来说，这将是一段成长的经历。
曾经与我共事的一个学生后来成了英语教师，她向我讲述了在大学期间她对文学的态度是如何转变的。
“上高中时，我的英语成绩很不错，”她说，“但学习材料对我来说没有多大意义。
”随后，她继续解释在大学期间她是如何渐渐意识到文学是了解文化的最佳途径之一，她的学习方法发生了变化。
所有大学生都应该知道，他们是如何对新知识和新的学习方法做出反应的，他们是如何处理呈现在他们面前的知识，以及如何组织这些知识的。
[9] 最后一点，这些年轻人即将成为世界公民，他们不仅正逐步了解他们文化中的其他种族，而且还要了解属于其他文化的人们。
在遇到这些人并和他们交往的过程中，他们发现自己接触到了新的生活方式和诠释生活的新方法。
这样做的同时，他们成长了，也变得更加成熟了。
一个在家乡上社区大学的学生讲述了作为学生，他是如何逐渐了解一名来自某个第三世界国家的学生的，他以前从未听说过这个国家。
这位留学生盼望回国后能谋到一个政府要职。
他有一个兄弟在国内一所著名大学里教法律。
这位美国学生和这个留学生成了好朋友，他们经常在一起分享各自的思想和梦想。
这位美国学生说，“因为我们的友谊，我已经开始以一种不曾有的方式来理解第三世界国家的人们。
而且，在我读报和看电视新闻时，我都以一种不同的视角去看待其它国家的人民。
他们和我一样，拥有梦想和希望，并且努力拼搏。
”因为这些上大学时遇到的机会，这个年轻人和其他许多学生一样，经历了一个全新的对世界和对自我的理解过程。
[10]大学的目的是促进个人成长和发展。
有时它可能来势汹汹。
确切地说，它是一种有助于年轻人成长和成熟的经历。
他们不仅接触到了新的群体和新的知识，而且还掌握了收集和处理信息的新方法。
同样值得自豪的是，他们在了解自我、了解他人并了解世界的过程中成长起来。