高考英语中冠词的常考考点解析

高考英语中冠词的常考考点解析

高考和冠词

冠词是历年高考的必考知识点,主要出现在单项选择和短文改错题中.虽说只有两类,共三个(不定冠词a,an和定冠词the),但其使用规则很复杂,一直是让考生感到很头痛的一类命题.本文就近年高考试题中的冠词考题和有关考点进行简要分析,以期帮助大家对冠词考点的理解和掌握.

需要说明的是:在近年高考试题中,冠词考题很少考查某一单独考点,一般都是一题两空,涉及两个考点.纵观历年高考试题,冠词考点主要集中在以下内容:

一,考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法

1.……Hav e you seen ______________ pen I left it here this moming.

……Is it ______________ black one I think I saw it some where.(NMET97)

A.a,the

B.the,the

C.the,a

D.a,a

析:答案D.此题考察不定冠词表示泛指的用法.pen和black one在这里都是"泛指",意为本类中非特指的"一个".本题易错选A,主要是没有认识到答话者的问求证是不是一支黑色的,并不是特指某支黑色钢笔.

2.Jumping out of ______________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ______________ exciting experence.(NMET 2002)

A./;the

B./;an

C.an;an

D.the;the

析:答案C.此题中airplane为可数名词单数,其前用不定冠词an,表示泛指类别中的一个(是一架飞机而不是别的).experience此处"经历",是可数名词,所以其前要用an,意为"一次令人激动的经历".

3.She is ______________ newcomer to ______________ chemistry but she had already made some important discoveries.(NMET94)

A.the,the

B.the,/

C.a,/

D.a,the

析:答案 C.此题考查不定冠词泛指某类别中的一员以及学科名词前不加冠词用法."是个新手"要用"a+单数可数名词"做表语来表示类别,排除A,B.学科名称,球类,棋类名词一般不加冠词,选C.

二,考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法

4.Many people are still in ___________ habit of writing silly things in __________ public places.(NMET

93)

A.the,the

B./,/

C.the,/

D./,the

析:C.此题考查定冠词表示"特指"以及零冠词表示"泛指"用法.Habit后有定语修饰,说明是某种"特指"的习惯,要用定冠词the.此句中复数名词public places表示类别,是泛指,泛指的复数名词前不加the,故public前不加the,又如, People tend to think boys are cleverer than girls .

5.The cakes are delicious.He'd like to have ______________ third one because ______________ second

one is rather too small.(上海2002春)

A.a;a

B.the;the

C.a;the

D.the;a

析:答案C.本题考查冠词的基本用法:不定冠词a/an表示"泛指",定冠词表示"特指".第一空指"再一块",泛指,不定冠词与序数词搭配,表示"有一,再一,另一"之意;第二空含特指之意,即指he吃下去的"第二块蛋糕."

6.Mr.Smith,there's a man at ______________ front door who says he has ______________ news for you of great importance.(NMET2001京,皖,内春)

A.the,/

B.the,the

C./,/

D./,the

析:答案 A.此题是考查定冠词表示特指以及不可数名词前的冠词用法."前门"是特指的,要用定冠词the;"消息(news)"此处表"类别"(说明带给你的不是别的东西),不可数名词表示类别时不用任何冠词,故news前不用任何冠词.

7.In Hangzhou Mr.Green was so struck by ______________ beauty of ______________ nature that he stayed for another night.(上海91)

A./,/

B./,the

C.the,/

D.the,the

析:答案C.此题也是考查定冠词表示特指以及零冠词表示泛指用法.beauty是"特指"自然的美,所以其前要加定冠词the;nature"自然"是泛指外界的事物,是不可数名词,其前不用冠词.

三,考查不定冠词和定冠词在固定搭配中的用法

8.……I'd like ______________ information about the management of your hotel,please.

……Well,you could have ______________ word with the manager.He might be helpful.(NMET95)

A.some,a

B.an,some

C.some,some

D.an,a

析:答案A.此题考查不可数名词前冠词用法和和不定冠词固定词组用法."与某人谈一谈"固定搭配为"have a word with sb".information是不可数名词,泛指时前面用some和不定冠词,所以答案为A.

9.Alice is found of playing ______________ piano while Henry is interested in listening to ______________ music.(NMET 89)

A./,the

B./,/

C.the,/

D.the,the

析:答案C.此题考查定冠词在乐器前的特殊用法.乐器前要加定冠词the;music是不可数名词,泛指类别"音乐"时,其前不加冠词.

10.After watching ______________ TV,she played ______________ violin for an hour.(NMET91)

A./;/

B.the;the

C.the;/

D./;the

析:答案D.watch TV是惯用语,再如,go to(be in)school/hospital/bed/sea等表示行为动作的一些习惯性用语,名词前不用冠词.Play the violin属于艺术,乐器方面用语,通常要加定冠词the.

四,考查零冠词(即省略冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法

11.Most animals have little connection with ______________ animals of ______________ different kind unless they kill them for food.(NMET2000)

A.the,a

B./,a

C.the,the

D./,the