2023年浙江省高考英语模拟卷

2023年浙江省高考英语模拟卷一、阅读理解（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读理解Self-driving cars are just around the corner. Such vehicles will make getting from one place to another safer and less stressful. They also could cut down on traffic, reduce pollution and limit accidents. But how should driverless cars handle emergencies? People disagree on the answer. And that might put the brakes on this, a new study concludes.To understand the challenge, imagine a car that suddenly meets some pedestrians(行人) in the road. Even with braking, it's too late to avoid a crash. So the car's artificial intelligence must decide whether to swerve(急转弯). To save the pedestrians, should the car swerve off the road or swerve into oncoming traffic? What if such options would likely kill the car's driver?Researchers used online surveys to study people's attitudes about such situations with driverless cars. Survey participants mostly agreed that automated cars should be designed to protect the most people. But there's a dilemma(困境). Those same surveyed people want to ride in cars that protect passengers at all costs — even if the pedestrians would now end up dying.Makers of computerized cars are in a tough spot, Bonnefon's group warns. Most buyers would want their car to be programmed to protect them in preference to other people. However, regulations might one day instruct that cars must act for the greater good. That would mean saving the most people. But the scientists think rules like this could drive away buyers. If so, all the potential benefits of driverless cars would be lost.Compromises might be possible, Kurt Gray says. He is a psychologist at the University of North Carolina. He thinks that even if all driverless cars are programmed to protect their passengers in emergencies, traffic accidents will decline. Those vehicles might be dangerous to pedestrians on rare occasions. But they "won't speed, won't drive drunk and won't text while driving, which would be a win for society."1．Compared with the traditional cars, what's the advantage of driverless cars?A．People can more easily afford them.B．They do greater harm to the environment.C．They can reduce traffic jams.D．The traffic accidents are likely to be on the increase.2．What do we learn from the text?A．People are in a difficult situation about driverless cars.B．Car makers believe driverless cars could attract buyers.C．Most buyers would want their cars to protect the pedestrians.D．Survey participants think driverless cars should protect the least people.3．What is Kurt Gray's attitude toward self-driving cars?A．Doubtful.B．Favorable.C．Sympathetic.D．Disapproving.4．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A．Environment.B．Entertainment.C．Health.D．Technology.5．阅读理解Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon — a total lunar eclipse (月食) — on the roof of their house.Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel. So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind."I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search," Smeeton said. "She immediately started researching bone density (密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars. ""My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts and make sure their comfort is out of this world," Dobek says.Dobek's design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in. It also includes the SGF or Self-Growing Farm, and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek's design. A simulator (模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment. Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes."I want to tell other kids to follow their passions," Dobek said. "Whatever they want to do, they should push for it and always try their best."（1）Dobek first became interested in space when .A．she was still a seventh graderB．she studied at a junior high schoolC．she lived on the top of their houseD．she watched an eclipse of the moon（2）Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because .A．she knew Dobek liked challenges in lifeB．she had no other students interested in MarsC．Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronautsD．she was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance（3）What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station?A．The environment on Mars.B．The safety of the supplies.C．The activities for astronauts.D．The comfort of the astronauts.阅读理解Learn a language in the native country and add some extracurricular fun with these holiday courses that offer a skill or some culture, too.Mandarin and various activities, ChinaFour hours of lessons a day plus the benefit of one-to-one level assessment and study plan is the deal at the Hutong School's Mandarin courses in Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou. A two-week course also includes up to four activities a week—tai chi, cooking, even skiing—and there are outings at the weekends to explore more of China.Greek and culture, LefkadaOmilo runs Greek courses in Athens and Nafplion, and on the islands of Syros and Lefkada. The latter is perhaps the most appealing: classes take place 200 metres from the beach in the village of Agios Nikitas on the west coast. A week's course includes 24 hours of lessons over six days and at least four activities. Strangely, students must be 26 or over.Japanese and pop culture, FukuokaCactus has courses in 120 destinations in Fukuoka. Lessons are from 9.30am-2.30pm, Monday to Friday, and cover movies, music, TV and books as well as the Japanese language. Optional extras include studying tea ceremonies, calligraphy, Japanese food and other customs.French and horse-riding, ProvenceCESA has great courses based at a mansion in Aix-en-Provence. Two weeks of French lessons can becombined with horse-riding (20 group lessons per week), painting, hiking, cooking or oenology. Accommodation options include staying with a host family. The school arranges activities such as town tours.6．What's special about Hutong School's Mandarin courses?A．Weekday trips.B．Hot destinations.C．Science exploration.D．Personalized teaching.7．What activity do Cactus and CESA share?A．Hiking.B．Painting.C．Food studies.D．Tea ceremonies.8．Which of the following has an age limit?A．Omilo.B．CESA.C．Cactus.D．Hutong School.二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题 2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白出的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。