机械设备使用中影响机械的技术状态和使用寿命的因素

机械设备使用中影响机械的技术状态和使用寿命的因素为提高公路建设的机械化水平，高质、高效、低耗、安全地完成施工是在公路建设机械化施工过程中的总要求。

我们首先要切实加强公路施工中机械设备的管理和维护，这是关系施工质量的基础因素。

机械设备管理水平的好坏，将直接影响公路施工的经济效益。

因此，在公路建设施工过程中，要切实加强机械设备的有效管理，多方协调，科学指导，研究采用先进的管理维护方法，逐步使机械设备的管理和维护工作，走上科学化、规范化、制度化的轨道。

In order to improve the level of mechanization of highway construction, high quality, high efficiency, low consumption, safe completion of construction is the general requirements in the highway construction mechanization construction process. We must first strengthen highway construction machinery and equipment management and maintenance, which is the basis of factors related to construction quality. Mechanical equipment management is good or bad, will directly affect the economic benefits of road construction. Therefore, in the process of highway construction, to strengthen the effective management of mechanical equipment, multi-party coordination, scientific guidance, research and application of advanced management methods, and gradually make the equipment management and maintenance, embarked on a scientific, standardized, institutionalized track.1.公路工程机械施工设备管理与维护中存在的问题机械设备使用中影响机械的技术状态和使用寿命的因素 Question 1 highway engineering construction machinery equipment management and maintenance in the presence of在公路工程机械施工过程中，各种施工机械都有其独特的技术性能，比如施工机械的便甩性能分为牵引特性、动力特性、机动性、稳定特性和经济特性等。

为了高质量地使用公路施工机械，取得良好的实物成果和经济成果，了解施工机械的使用性能是非常重要的。

结合实践经验，我们从机械的使用性能出发，分析公路机械施工设备管理与维护中存在的不良因素。

In the process of highway engineering construction machinery, all kinds of construction machinery has its unique properties, such as construction machinery will throw performance is divided into traction characteristics, dynamic characteristics, maneuverability, stability and economic characteristics. In order to use high quality of road construction machinery, achieved good results and the real economic achievements, to understand the performance of construction machinery is very important. Combined with practical experience, we start from the performance of machinery, mechanical analysis management of highway construction equipment and maintenance in the presence of adverse factors.1.1机械管理与生产管理不合理1.1 mechanical management and production management is not reasonable机械管理往往是一些工程技术人员，但这些人员常被安置在技术机械设备使用中影响机械的技术状态和使用寿命的因素研究等相关部门，不能在生产过程中发挥作用。

而生产管理的人员尽管长期实践，但是却对公路建设机械的正确使用、定期保养等专业知识掌握不够全面、操作机手的施工技术知识掌握有限，在指导公路建设施工过程中产生很多弊端，就大大削弱了机械设备的正常管理。

Machinery management is often a number of engineering and technical personnel, these personnel are often placed in the technology research and other related departments, can not play a role in the process of production. And production management personnel despite the long-term practice, but the correct use of construction machinery, road maintenance construction technology knowledge is not comprehensive enough, the manipulator hand grasp professional knowledge is limited, have many drawbacks in guiding the construction process of highway construction, will greatly weaken the normal management of mechanical equipment.1.2机械设备管理的寿命短1.2 mechanical equipment management of short life施工单位在施工过程中往往过于重视经济效益，因此在公路建设施工过程中对于机械的使用率也是越大越好。

在这种情况下，很多单位便不得不加班加点，长时间超负荷工作。

这种“轻管理，重使用”的行为大大影响了机械的技术状态和使用寿命。

此外，对于某些发生故障的机械，施工单位不愿承担高额的维修费用，这些因素都导致机械设备的使用寿命大大缩减。

机械设备使用中影响机械的技术状态和使用寿命的因素 The construction units in the construction process is often too much emphasis on economic benefits, so in the process of highway construction in mechanical usage is bigger is better. In this case, many units have to work overtime, long time work overload. This " light, heavy use of " behavior greatly affects the technical state machine and service life. In addition, for some faulty machinery construction units, unwilling to bear the high cost of repair, these factors have led to the life of machinery and equipment is greatly reduced.1.3施工机械设备配套不够1.3 construction machinery and equipment is not enough公路建设工程项目中标后，公路建设施工单位要组建项目部，从现机械设各中抽调的部分设备技术状态较差，投入工程建设难免会影响施工进度和质量。

而在某些情况下，大型或特殊的设备不到位、设备不配套同样是很棘手的问题。

The highway construction project, highway construction units should set up the project, from the technical state of equipment is part of poor mechanical equipment deployed in the engineering construction, investment will inevitably affect the construction schedule and quality. In some cases, large or special equipment is not in place, equipment not matching is also a very difficult problem.2.公路工程机械管理维护存在问题的原因探究Probe into the causes of the 2 highway engineering machinery机械设备使用中影响机械的技术状态和使用寿命的因素 management and maintenance problems由以上分析可以看出，公路施工中工程机械的管理维护工作存在着很多弊端，制约着施工单位工程效益的提高。