牛津译林版九年级上册暑假预习Unit 3 Teenage problems

牛津译林版九年级上册暑假预习Unit 3
Teenage problems
暑假预习——9A Unit 3 Teenage problems
知识点
1. What’s wrong, Eddie 怎么了，埃迪
2. …and I do not know how I should deal with it. 不知道该如何解决。

3. I know it is important to finish all my homework on time. 我知道按时做完所有的家庭作业很重要。

4. And I have no choice but to do it. 并且我别无选择，只能去做。

choice作名词，意为“选择，选择权”，其动词形式是。

have no choice but to do sth. 意为“别无选择，只能去做某事”。

She has no choice but to study hard.
The little girl had no choice but to ask for her mother’s help.
but在此处作介词，意为“除了”，相当于except。

但but习惯上用于no，nothing，nobody，not anything等表示否定的词(组)之后。

I have no friends but you.
There is nothing but a card in the box.
5. Then I sometimes find it hard to stay awake the next day.然后我有时候发现第二天很难保持清醒。

当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而
将真正的宾语放在句尾，构成“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式（或从句）”结构。

此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。

①it代替不定式短语
think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard等+ it +形容词/名词+不定式短语
They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.
他们觉得在这么短的时间内完成这项工作很困难。

She thinks it her duty to help us.
她认为帮助我们是她的责任。

②it代替宾语从句
We all thought it a pity that the conference should have been cancelled.
I took it for granted that they were not coming.
A.动词+it+when/if 从句。

常见于appreciate,enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer 等动词之后。

We would much appreciate it if you could do us that favour.
I’d prefer it if I didn't have to finish the work.
B.动词+it+that从句。

常见于like,take,have,put等少数动词之后(it相当于that从句的同位语）。

I take it that they will succeed sooner or later.
The newspapers have it that some Japanese firms have gone bankrupt. C.动词+it+介词短语+ that从句。

常见于bring it to one’s attention, owe it to sb., take it for granted等结构中。

I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.
Don’t take it for granted that they will support you.
D.动词+介词（短语）+it+that从句。

常见于answer for, depend on, rely on, insist on, look to, see to, stick to 等结构中。

I’ll see to it that everything is ready in time.
You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English.
E.动词+it+过去分词+从句。

常见于几个可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词之后。

I heard it said that that factory was founded in 1995.
They haven’t made it known where the meeting is to take place.
6. I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on homework. 我经常怀疑花这么多时间做作业是否值得。

worth作形容词，意为“值得的”，其后可以接名词或动名词。

“值得做某事”用表示。

这本书值得读。

这幅画价值数千英镑。

sb. spend(s) 时间/金钱on sth. 或者是意为“花费某人时间或金钱做某事”。

主语必定是人，做某事可以用名词表示，也可用动词表示。

→ （原句转换）【拓展】
It takes sb.时间to do sth. 意为“某人花费时间做某事”。

it是形式主语，真正的主语是，sb.是宾格形式。

我每天花费半小时弹钢琴。

=
7. Why not eat less and exercise more 为什么不少吃多锻炼呢“Why not... ”句型常用于提出建议或表达某人的看法，其后要接动词原形，相当于“Why don’t you... ”
肯定回答：OK! /All right. /Good idea!
否定回答：Sorry, I... /I’m afraid not.
Why not go for a picnic =Why don’t you go for a picnic
在英语中用来提建议的句型：
(1) How/What about doing sth.
(2) Let’s do sth.
(3) You’d better do sth.
(4) Shall we do sth.
8. The TV is always on at my home. 我家的电视机总是开着。

be on意为“上演；开着”，可以表示延续状态。

on是副词，它的反义词是off。

The film has been on for half an hour.
Are the lights in your room on
be on和be off是延续性的动作，可以和一段时间连用，而turn on和turn off是短暂性的动作，不能和一段时间连用。

The film had been on for ten minutes when I got to the cinema.
9. Sometimes I feel lonely. 有时候我感到很孤独。

lonely是形容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的”，具有感彩，强调心灵上的寂寞和孤独。

常用作表语，表示人所处的状态。

而做定语时，一般修饰地点，有“荒凉的，偏僻的”之意。

I live alone, but I don’t feel lonely.
【辨析】
alone可做形容词或副词，意为“单独的，独自的”，只能做表语或状语，强调客观上的“单独”，无感彩，不能放在名词前做定语。

I would like to be alone after work.
10. I dream of a long holiday so that I could have more time for my hobbies. 我梦想有一个长假，这样我就可以有更多的时间从事我的爱好。

dream of n./doing sth.意为“梦见/梦想...”
他梦想成为一名飞行员。

so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，相当于in order that。

其从句的谓语动词常和can/could/would/should等情态动词连用。

My father bought me a bicycle so that I could get to school quickly.
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11. Then I get into trouble because my parents do not allow me to play outside after 6 p.m. 然后我遇到了麻烦，因为我的父母不允许我下午6点以后在外面玩。

get into trouble意为“陷入麻烦”，be in trouble意为“处于困境中”，have
trouble doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。

allow作动词，意为“允许”，allow sb (not) to do sth.意为“允许某人（不）做某事”，它的被动语态形式是，意为“某人（不）被允许做某事”，allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。

他不被允许在外面待到太晚。

我们允许玩电脑。

12. Perhaps you should go over what you’ve learn as often as possible. 或许你应该尽可能经常地复习你所学的内容。

go over意为“复习，回顾”，是及物动词短语；它还可意为“仔细琢磨，反复研究”。

Go over your homework carefully before you hand it in.
He went over the events of the day in his mind.
as often as possible相当于as often as sb. can，意为“尽可能多地”。

我们应该尽可能多地锻炼。

=
请尽可能多地读这篇课文。

=
13. She should just try her best and enjoy the exercise. 她应该尽最大努力并且享受锻炼。

try one’s best意为“尽某人最大的努力”，意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”。

try to do sth. 意为“尽力做某事”，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。

He is so poor. We should try to help him.
try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”。

Why not try working out the maths problem in another way
14. I look forward to your valuable advice. 我期待您宝贵的建议。

15. I need silence when I’m studying. 我学习时需要安静。

silence在此处为不可数名词，意为“安静，寂静，沉默”。

We need silence when we are working.
The silence was broken soon.
(1) in silence意为“静静地；沉默地”，在句中做状语，常修饰延续性动词。

(2) silent是silence的形容词形式，意为“无语的，沉默的”，同义词是quiet。

16. How about reading English aloud every morning 每天早上大声读英语怎么样
aloud为副词，意为“大声地；出声地”。

She reads the words aloud.
The pain made him cry aloud.
【辨析】aloud，loud与loudly
aloud 副词多指出声，可以让人听得见，但声音并不一定很大，故aloud无比较级，但与call，cry，shout，read等词连用时，有“高声地”之意
loud 形容词做表语或定语
副词一般只和speak，talk，laugh等词连用
loudly 副词含有贬义，尤指“吵闹地”，可以与其他表示声响的动词搭配
17. shout at sb. 朝某人喊叫
18. correctly
correctly为副词，意为“正确地”。

Spell the words correctly.
19. Don’t mention it. 别提了。

这是由Don’t开头的祈使句，常作为thank you的答语，相当于“You’re welcome.”
---Thank you very much.
---Don’t mention it.
not to mention... 意为“且不说，更不用说”，后跟名词或动词-ing形式。

She can speak French, not to mention English.
语法点
连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
宾语从句三要素
①引导词that
if/whether
WH-
②时态主句为一般现在时，从句可为任何时态
主句为一般过去时，从句为一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时、
过去完成时
客观真理、自然现象用一般现在时
③语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序
我们可用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个特殊疑向句。

连接代词和连接副词有词义，并且在从句中充当句子成分。

常见的连接代词有:what, who, whom, whose, which; 连接副词有:when, where, how, why 等。

We do not know whose pencil this is.
（引导的宾语从句，在从句中充当成分）
Nobody knows when the train will arrive.
（引导的宾语从句，在从句中充当成分）
Can you tell us what they are doing
（引导的宾语从句，在从句中充当成分）
She wants to know why that little boy is crying.
（引导的宾语从句，在从句中充当成分）
宾语从句中的连接代词who 与whom 都指人，意思是“谁”，其中who 为主格，在从句中作主语或宾语，whom 为宾格，在从句中作宾语。

I don’t know who is playing the piano next door.
（引导的宾语从句，在从句中充当成分）
Can you guess whom/who my father is talking with
（引导的宾语从句，在从句中充当成分）
注意:whom 在口语中很少使用。

大多数情况下，我们可以用who 代替whom。

【宾语从句的否定前移】
在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等时,如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等前;如果主句主语不是l 或we，则not不前移。

I don’t expect he will come to my party tomorrow.
Marry thinks she can’t arrive there on time.
【举一反三】
我问他我怎样才能得到这么多的钱。

你确定你要选择哪件衬衫吗
我认为他不能准时完成作业。

二、提建议的相关句型
(l) 用why not/why don’t you提建议
“Why don’t you...”和“Why not... ”二者的意思相同，意为“为什么不… ”。

其后跟动词原形，表示说话人对未来事情的建议或劝说。

“Why don’t you... ”的缩略形式是“Why not... ”。

Why don’t you wear a hat in such cold weather =Why not wear a hat in such cold weather
Why don’t you stop daydreaming
(2) shall we... 意为“让我们…好吗？”。

常用来征求意见或提出建议。

Shall we后接动词时必须接动词原形。

---Shall we go swimming
---Good idea.
Shall we go to the zoo to see the pandas
(3) 句型Let’s… 意为“让我们……吧”，后面跟动词原形。

Let’s go and have a look.
Let’s listen to the teacher.
(4) 句型What/How about… 意为“…怎么样/如何？”，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。

What/How about a picnic this Sunday
What/How about having a cup of coffee
(5) perhaps也可用于提建议，意为“也许，或许”。

Perhaps you can park over there.
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